History of Canonical Literature of Jainas

Author(s): Hiralal R Kapadia
Publisher: Shardaben Chimanbhai Educational Research Centre

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A HISTORY OF THE CANONICAL LITERATURE OF THE JAINAS
This word is not found in any canonical work earlier than Nirayavalisuyakkhandha.
(11)
Its Samskṛt equivalent Upanga is met with in the Bhāṣya on Tattvärtha, and in no other Samskṛt Jaina work prior to it, so far as I know.
Only 5 Uvangas are mentioned in Nirayāvalīsuyakkhandha and 2 in the Bhāṣyānusāriņī tīkās of Tattvärtha, though more are alluded to, in these tikās.
The earliest work to mention all the 12 Uvangas is Suhabohasāmāyārī.
Viyārasāra is perhaps the earliest work to note that some look upon Divasagarapannatti as the 12th Uvanga instead of Vahnidasă. It appears that none except Yaśodeva Sūri mentions more than one Uvanga for any one of the Angas, and he, too, does so in the case of the 4th Anga only.
The usual list of the 12 Uvangas is: (i) Ovaväïya, (ii) Rāyapaseṇaïya, (iii) Jīvābhigama, (iv) Panṇavaṇā, (v) Surapanṇatti, (vi) Jambuddivapanṇatti, (vii) Candapannatti, (viii) Nirayāvaliyā, (ix) Kappavaḍimsiyā, (x) Pupphiyā, (xi) Pupphaculiyā, and (xii) Vanhidasā. Out of these, the 4th was regarded as Uvanga as early as the date of its com. composed by Haribhadra Sūri.
Suhabohasāmāyari is perhaps the very first work to mention the 12 Angas to which the 12 Uvangas belong.
Abhayadeva Sūri has noted that the 1st Uvanga belongs to the 1st Anga. Malayagiri Sūri has similarly mentioned that the 2nd, 3rd and 4th Uvargas are respectively associated with Angas 2 to 4.1 (12) We come across the names of certain works in Nandi (s. 44) which tally with those of all the 12 (or 13) Uvangas. If these works are identical, these Uvangas are at least as old as the Nandi. From fn. 3, p. 17 it may be inferred that some of them, if not all, are not later than Samvat 114, the year in which Vajrasvāmin died.
1. Malayagiri Sūri has referred to a Cunni on Jivābhigama, in his com. (p. 733) on Rayapasenaiya (s. 29). So it remains to be ascertained if any association of this Uvanga with any Anga is specified therein.