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A HISTORY OF THE CANONICAL LITERATURE OF THE JAINAS
(vi) The oral transmission of knowledge and prohibition of books for some time and the permission given later on are already referred to on p. 56.
Ethnology - Several tribes are noted in the Jaina canon. Vide pp. 129, 131 and 140. Characteristics of Arya and Mleccha along with their varieties are noted in Pannavanā (1, 37), and 7 varnas and 9 varnāntaras in Ayaranijjutti (v. 18-27). Incidentally it may be mentioned that in Anga VI (s. 18) there is a reference to 18 senippaseņīs, and in Prameyaratnamañjüşā (p. 193) names of 18 śrenis (guilds ?) are given. Further, several types of hermits are mentioned in Ovavaiya (s. 39) and Pupphiyā (pp. 25-26") etc. Several heterodox schools are referred to by Sīlānka in his commentary on Suyagada, and heretical works, in Anuogaddara and Nandi. fi
Foot-wear and outfit - Five types of foot-wear to which a Jaina saint may resort to, under extra-ordinary circumstances are mentioned in Ayara. The out-fit of a Jaina monk and that of a Jaina nun, too, are dealt with in Ohanijjutti etc.
Nautical - In Siddhasena Sūri's Cunni (p. 11) on Jiyakappa four types of ships are mentioned.? In Anga VI we come across several terms connected with a ship, its movement etc. For instance, in VIII (s. 69) we have :
O lafort, IACEVI HEC137, a, opOEIER, CET, 973 and . In IX (s. 80) there are sau façoiak, Afo, 44, RUT, Tucs and any and in XVII (s. 132) 1437 and 1979.
Water - In Ohanijjutti (v. 33) water is said to be of 4 types accordingly as it flows over (i) a stone, (ii) mud which is heel-deep, (iii) sand and (iv)
1. “एगुणतीसइविहे पावसुयपसंगे णं पन्नत्ते, तं जहा-भोमे १ उप्पाए २ सुमिणे ३ अंतरिक्खे ४ अंगे ५ सरे ६ वंजणे
७ लक्खणे ८; भोमे तिविहे पन्नत्ते, तं जहा-सुत्ते वित्ती वत्तिए, एवं एक्कक्कं तिविहं २४; विकहाणुजोगे २५ विज्जाणुजोगे
२६ मंताणुजोगे २७ जोगाणुजोगे २८ अण्णतित्थयपवत्ताणुजोगे २९ ।" 2. In Suyagada (1, 3, 3, 18) a hill-tribe named Tankana is mentioned. 3. For details see my article Ethico-religious classifications of mankind as embodied in the
Jaina Canon. It is published in the Annals of B. O. R. 1. (vol. XV, pts. I-II, pp. 97-108). 4. These names differ from those given in two ways by Virasena in his Dhavală (pt. I, p.
57), a com. on Khandasiddhānta. 4 5. For details see p. 593 of Padmānandamahākāvya (G. O. S.). 6. See also Haribhadra Sūri's com. (p. 25') on Dasaveyaliya. 7. In Sirisirivālakahā (v. 381-383) names of some of the varieties of ships are given. 4 See page 214 of addition. 4 See page 214 of addition.
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