History of Canonical Literature of Jainas

Author(s): Hiralal R Kapadia
Publisher: Shardaben Chimanbhai Educational Research Centre

Page 52

CLASSIFICATIONS OF THE ĀGAMAS
35
"इक्कारस अंगाइ ११ बारस उवंगाइ २३ दस पयन्नाई ३३ ।।
छ छेय ३९ मूल चउरो ४३ नंदी ४४ अणुयोग पणयाला ४५ ॥" In modern days, too, the very six works noted above are looked upon as Cheyasuttas. Furthermore, Jiyakappa is considered as a Cheyasuttas owing to the extinction of Pañcakappa which used to be looked upon as the 6th Cheyasutta. In this connection, it may be mentioned that some of the modern Jaina Munis believe that Pañcakappa formed a part and parcel of the Bhāsa on Kappa, and somehow it came to be looked upon as a separate treatise - a case similar to Ohanijjutti and Pindanijjutti. I am not at present in a position to point out either the actual date since Pañcakappa began to be considered as a separate treatise or the actual date when it got lost. It is however suggested in Jaina granthāvali (p. 16) that Pañcakappa was available till Samvat 1612. Whatever it may be, it is possible to fix terminus ad quem and terminus a quo so far as the date of the composition of Pañcakappa is concerned. A student of Jaina literature knows it full well that there are two Bhāsas on the Pañcakappa viz. Laghubhāsa and Vuddhabhāsa. The authorship of the Pañcakappa is attributed to Bhadrabāhusvāmin in its Cunni.? If this is correct, it may be inferred that Pañcakappa is not posterior to the life-time of Bhadrabāhusvāmin. As regards Vuddhabhāsa, its authorship is attributed to Sanghadāsa Kşamāśramana, whose exact life-period is not known, but who is supposed to have flourished not later than a millennium after the nirvāna of Lord Mahāvīra. This Vuddhabhāsa seems to be preceded by Laghubhāsa. If so, the date of Pañcakappa is at least anterior to that of Laghubhāsa and a fortiori to that of Vuddhabhāsa. Whatever may be the date of Pancakappa, I do not think it is as old as Dasă, Kappa, and Vavahāra on each of which a Nijjutti is composed by Bhadrabāhusvāmin. If it were at least equally old, how is it that there is no mention of it even in Nandi ? I am aware of the fact that some believe that this Pañcakappa along with Nistha and Mahānistha was composed by a Ganadhara but can they give any proof for it ?
1. “પંચકલ્પનું મૂલ સંવત્ ૧૬૧૨ સુધી મોજૂદ હતું, પણ હાલમાં તે ગુમ થયું છે. એના સંબંધે બહુ શોધ કરતાં
પણ એની પ્રત હાથ આવી નથી. ડેક્કન કૉલેજના સંગ્રહમાં પણ તે મળી નથી. ફક્ત એટલો પત્તો મળ્યો છે કે ખંભાતમાં ગોરજી દેવચંદજીની પાસે જે પુસ્તકો છે તેમાં તે પ્રત પાના ૧૦ની તેની ટીપમાં લખેલી જણાય
છે તો તે ત્યાં હોવાનો સંભવ છે, માટે સૂત્રરુચિશોધક જનોએ ત્યાં તપાસ કરવી જોઈએ છીએ.” 2. "अधुनाऽस्मिन्नामनिष्पन्ने निक्षेपे पंचकल्पसंज्ञके येनेदं दशाकल्पसूत्रे प्रवचनहितार्थाय पूर्वादाहृतं तस्य नमस्कार
fifa Trang: "TE : 1" -D. C. J. M. (vol. XVII, Pt. II, p. 257) It is said that in Vicārāmrtasangraha Kulamandana Sūri has suggested that Sanghadāsa
is the author of Pancakappa. 3. "Hertech FEGTA4412f ed fifa'' - D. C. J. M. (vol. XVII, pt. II, p. 261) 4. See Jaina sahityano sanksipta itihāsa (p. 75)