Gujaratna Dharm Sampraday

Author(s): Navinchandra A Acharya
Publisher: University Granth Nirman Board
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/023328/1

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gujarAtanA dharmasaMpradAya lekhaka : Do, navInacaMdra e AcArya tara yunivarsiTI graMtha nirmANa borDa- gujarAta rAjaya

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gujarAtanA dharmasaMpradAya : lekhaka : DaoN. navInacaMdra e. AcAya ema.e.,pIeca.DI. prAdhyApaka, bhAratIya sa`skRti vibhAga eca.ke. ArTsa kaoNleja amadAvAda-9 CouNavo. yunivarsi TI graMthanirmANu kheDa gujarAta rAjya, amadAvAda-6

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RELIGIOUS SECTS OF GUJAR AT -by Dr. Navinchandra A, Acharya : prakAzaka : je, khI, seDila adhyakSa yunivarsi TI gra thanirmANu kheA, gujarAta rAjya, amadAvAda-380 006 (jI yunivarsiTI graMthanirmANu kheDa prathama AvRtti : 1983 nakala : 1100 kiMmata : rU. 17-07 "Published by the University Book Production Board, Gujarat State, under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Production of Books and Literature in Regional Languages at the University level, of the Government of India in the Ministry of Education and Social Walfare (D+-partment of Culture), New Delhi.'' : mudraka : zrI tripurA prinTiMga presa 8, aDavANI mArkeTa, dilhI daravAna bahAra, amadAvAda-380 004,

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prakAzakanuM puravacana uraca keLavaNInuM mAdhyama mAtRbhASA bane e mATe yunivarsiTI kakSAe pratyeka vidyAzAkhA mATe vipula graMthasAmagrI taiyAra thavI joIe. A hetuthI kendra sarakAre Arthika sahAya ApIne prAdezika bhASAomAM yunivarsiTI kakSAnAM pustake ane sAhitya prakAzita karavAnI yojanA ghaDI ane tene sAkAra karavA mATe 1970mAM A borDa racavAmAM AvyuM. kendra sarakAra taraphathI A kArya mATe maLatAM anudAne uparAMta eprila 1, 1976thI A yojanAmAM rAjya sarakAre paNa amuka anudAna ApavAnuM svIkAryuM che. A yojanAmAM rAjyanI vividha yunivarsiTInA prAdhyApake ane anya vidvAno dvArA yunivarsiTI kakSAnA abhyAsakramane AvarI letAM pAThyapustake ane saMdarbhagraMtha prakAzita karavAmAM AvyAM che ane e kArya haju vaNathaMbhya cAlu ja che. rAjyanI yunivarsiTIomAM bhAratIya saMskRti viSaya upara niyata thayela pAThyakramonA saMdarbhamAM Do. navInacaMdra e. AcArya likhita gujarAtanA dharmasaMpradAya pustaka prakAzita karatAM huM AnaMda anubhavuM chuM. A pustakanuM parAmarzana karavA badala Do. hariprasAda ga. zAstrIne huM AbhAra mAnuM chuM, yunivarsiTI graMthanirmANa borDa, gujarAta rAjya, amadAvAda-6 navembara, 183 je. bI. Dila adhyakSa

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A prastAvanA prastAva bhAratIya saMskRtinA viSayamAM dharmone abhyAsa mahatvanuM sthAna dharAve che. bhAratanA dharmo vize vividha graMtha prApta thayA che, paNa gujarAtanA prAcInakAlathI arvAcInakAla sudhInA dharmone saLaMga paricaya ApatAM svataMtra pustakonI khoTa vidyArthIone vartAtI hatI. A vastune dhyAnamAM laI yuni. graMtha nirmANa beDe A eka graMtha taiyAra karavAnuM vicAryuM. e mATe mane nimaMtraNa pAThavatAM meM tene saharSa svIkAra karyo. samagra graMthamAM gujarAtamAM pravartatA vartamAna dharmone AvarI lai dareka dharmanuM gujarAtamAM pravartatuM svarUpa, tenAM devasthAne, samAja upara tenI asara vagere vividha pAsAMnI carcA karela che. zarUAtanA prakaraNomAM hiMdu dharmanuM svarUpa -tenI mukhya zAkhAo vagerenI AlocanA karI, tenAM vividha maMdiranI vigato Apela che. e ja pramANe jaina, bauddha, jaratI , IslAma, zIkha, yahUdI, khristI dharmonI upalabdha sAdhanene AdhAre maLatI sarva vigatonI carcA karela che. ahIM gujarAtamAM pravartatAM sarvadharmonAM vividha pAsAMnI chaNAvaTa karI. samagra pustakane abhyAsakramane anurUpa banAvavAmAM Avela che. graMthanA dareka prakaraNane aMte upayogI graMthonI yAdI tathA pustakane aMte paribhASA sUci tathA citro ApI graMthane pUrNa karela che. samagra graMtha bhAratIya saMskRti viSayane snAtaka kakSAnA abhyAsakramane anulakSIne taiyAra karavAmAM Avela che. A graMtha taiyAra karavA mATe mane nimaMtraNa pAThavavA badala huM yuni. graMtha nirmANa borDane AbhArI chuM. A sAthe A graMtha taiyAra karavAmAM saMgIna mArgadarzana ApavA badala mArA parama AdaraNIya guru De. hariprasAda zAstrIne tathA upayogI mAhitI citro vagere pUrAM pADavA badala gujarAtanA purAtatvakhAtAne tathA zAmaLAjI, dhINodhara, vaDatAla vagere maMdiranA vyavasthApakane aMtaHkaraNapUrvaka AbhAra mAnuM chuM. De. navInacaMdra AcArya tA. 20-10-83 amadAvAda

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anukramaNikA anu. nAma pRSTha prAstAvika hiMdu dharma ane zaiva saMpradAya vaiSNava saMpradAya zAkata saMpradAya ane anya hiMdu devonI ArAdhanA jaina dharma bauddha dharma jarathostI dharma islAma dharma zIkha dharma yahUdI dharma khristI dharma citrasUci pAribhASika zabdasUci 133 141 160 165 171 179

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citra sUci naM. nAma 1. seminAthanuM maMdira-pravezadvAra 2-7. DabhoinA killAnA daravAjAonA gALAmAM Avela nAthasiddhonAM zipi 8. viSNupratimA-gaDha zAmaLAjI (ji. sAbarakAMThA) 9. trivikrama viSNa-rAdhIvADa , zAmaLAjI maMdira-pravezadvAra dvArakAnuM mukhya vaiSNavamaMdira svAmInArAyaNanuM maMdira-goMDala svAmInArAyaNa maMdira-sAraMgapura sUryamaMdira-moDherA sUryapratimA-kherALu jainamaMdira-kuMbhArIyA jainamaMdira-pAlitANuM bauddhaguphA-taLAjA 19. cAMpAneranI masjida

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gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya DaoN. navInacadra e. AcAya ema. e. pIeca. DI,

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prAstAvika mAnavI e sAmAjika prANuM che. samAjamAM unnata mastake jIvavA mATe tene aneka prakAranA sadguNo keLavavA paDe che. A sadgaNe tene jIvanadaSTi Ape che. jema zabdamAMthI kAvyanuM sarjana thAya che, svaramAMthI saMgIta janme che, lAkaDAnA TukaDAmAMthI kalAkRti sarjAya che, tema sadguNamAMthI dharmanuM sarjana thAya che. dharma e kaI bahArathI ThokI besADavAnI vastu nathI, paNa e to manuSyanA aMtaramAM satata vahetuM saddaguNonuM eka jharaNuM che. te mAnavIne gatizIla banAve che. satyanA mArge laI jAya che, cAritryavAna banAve che. sAco dharma Izvara pratye sadbhAva janmAve che. mAnavIne potAnI pharajanuM bhAna karAve che. Izvara pratyenI zraddhAmAMthI AgaLa jatAM prakRtipUjA, devapUjA, pretapUjA vagere uddabhave che. e pachI temAM tattvajJAna ane karmakAMDa umerAtAM dAnano mahimA vadhe che. kahevAya che ke bhAratIya saMskRti dharmanA raMge raMgAyela che. dharma e bhAratIya saMskRtine AtmA che. bhAratIya samAjamAM dharma ane saMskRti evI rIte otaprota thayelAM che ke temane alaga pADavAM muzkela che. gujarAta e bhAratane eka bhAga che. eTale gujarAtanuM samAjajIvana paNa dharmanA raMge raMgAyeluM che. gujarAtamAM vedakALa pUrve vasatI prajAne paNa potAne svataMtra dharma hato. teone paNa pitAnI dharmabhAvanA hatI. bhAratanA anya pradezamAMthI AvelI videzI prajAo jema bhAratIya samAjamAM bhaLI gaI tema gujarAtamAM paNa AvelI videzI prajAe ahIMnA samAjamAM bhaLI gaI che. videzIone samAvavAmAM gujarAta mokhare rahyuM che. AnA pariNAme ahIM dharmanuM svarUpa badalAtuM rahyuM. gujarAtanA lokone mana dharma e kevaLa carcAno viSaya nahi, paNa anubhavane viSaya banI gaye. pariNAme gujarAtanI vyApAra pradhAna prajAmAM sahiSNutA, bhAIcAre, milanasArapaNuM, samAdhAnavRtti, kalahabhIrutA, udAra daSTi, ityAdi guNo savizeSa pramANamAM vikasyA. ahIM rAjao dharmanA niyamane lakSamAM rAkhI rAjya karatA. prajAnuM pAlana karatA, vividha prakAranAM dAna ApIne prajAmAM dAnano mahimA TakAvI rAkhavA tatpara rahetA. rAjAo vidyAvyAsaMgI hovAthI brAhmaNa vinA mUlya vidyAdAna devA

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gujarAtanA dhama`sAMpradAya prayatnazIla rahetA. prajAmAM kama kAMDamAM zraddhA, sAhitya pravRttie ane tIIddhAranI bhAvanA vikasI hatI. leAkeA dhama mAM saMpUrNa zraddhA rAkhatA. (a) gujarAtanI sa`skRtinA ghaDataramAM dharmanA phALe : gujarAtanI sa MskRti e bhAratIya saMskRtinuM aMga hAvAthI tenI para MparAmAM AdikALathI dhame agatyanA bhAga bhajanmyA che. leAthala, ra Mgapura, rAjaDI, sUra kATaDA vagere sthaLoethI haDappIya saMskRtinA je avazeSo maLyA che te A kathananI sAkSI pUre che. gujarAtamAM haDappIya saskRtinA avazeSo, dhoLakA tAlukAmAM Avela leAthala nAme eLakhAtA TIMbAmAMthI vistRta pramANamAM maLyA che. ahIM I.sa. 1955thI 1962nA gALAmAM utkhanana karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. A sthaLa amadAvAdathI lagabhaga 80 ki.mI. dUra bhAgAvA ane sAbaramatInA taTa pradeza vacce AveluM che. ahIMthI maLelA avazeSa' parathI jaNAya che ke prAcInakAlamAM ahIM sAgarikanArA AgaLa eka baMdara AveluM haze. ahIMnI prajA pa McaraMgI haze. ahIMnI prajA judA judA prakAranI dhArmika vidhiomAM mAnatI hoya tema upalabdha avazeSo parathI jaNAya che. kAIka agninI, tA kAIka prakRttinA anya devezanI, pUjA karatA haze. ahIM liMga pUjAnA I avazeSo maLyA nathI. ahIMthI maLelA mudrAMkaneAmAM sipradezanI mAtAjInI AkRti ke anya kAI dhArmi ka pratIka ke dRzyo najare paDatAM nathI, makAnAmAMthI agnipUjA mATenI vedIe maLI che. A uparAMta eka ThekANethI pAchalI bAjue mezanI nizAnIvALA pakavelI mATInA eka saraveA maLI Avela che, je vaikAlIna yajJAmAM ghI homavAnA savanI yAda Ape che. A sava uparathI jaNAya che ke ahIM nI prajA agnipUjAmAM vizeSa zraddhA dharAvatI haze. eka veThI AgaLathI prANInAM hADakAM, be kANAMvALuM eka seAnAnuM laTakaNiyuM vagere maLI Avela che. e jotAM, ahIMnI prAmAM khali caDhAvavAnA rivAja pracalita hoya tema lAge che. ahIMthI kAI devAlaya maLatuM nathI e uparathI jaNAya che ke ahIMnI prajAmAM dharma e vyaktinA aMgata viSaya haraze. ahIM pracalita aMtyeSTi kriyA ahIMnI prajAnA dhArmika jIvana upara keTaleka prakAza pADe che. ahIM zabane daphanAvavAnI sAthe agnidAha jevI khIjI prathA pracalita hoya tema jaNAya che. zabane daphanAvatI vakhate bharIne mastaka pAse mUkavAmAM AvatuM. ahIMnAM keTalAMka ekI sAthe daphanAvAyA heAya tevA avazeSo maLyA che. A uparathI jaNAya che ke ahIMnI prajAmAM satI prathAne maLatA kAI rivAja pracalita haraze. mATInA pAtramAM pANI danAmAMthI strI-puruSane

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prAstAvika 2 * TUMkamAM ahIMnI haDapIya saMskRtinI prajA bhinna bhinna prakAranA dhArmika rivAje pALatI haze. temAMnA keTalAka rivAje prajAnI ucca prakAranI dharmabhAvanA pragaTa kare che. siMdhukhINamAM vasatI haDappIya saMskRtinI prajA ane ahIM vasatI haDappIya saMskRtinI prajAnI dhArmika vidhiomAM ghaNI ja asamAnatA jovA maLe che. paurANika anuzrutio uparathI jANavA maLe che ke zAyata, Anarta, yAdavo vagere prajA saurASTranA sAgara kinAre vasatI haze. A samaye prajAmAM amipUjA vyApaka pramANamAM vistarelI haze. yonI bhAvanA vikasI haze. dhIre dhIre prakRti pUjAmAMthI vividha deva-devIonI pUjA pracalita thaI. AgaLa jatAM zaivasaMpradAyane prasAra vadhe. vaLI, arjuna ane kRSNa naranArAyaNane avatAra manAyA. dhIre dhIre kRSNa viSNunA eka avatAra tarIke pUjAvA lAgyA. AgaLa jatAM bhaktisaMpradAyane udaya thayo. yAdavo surA-pAnathI aMdara aMdara laDIne nAza pAmyA. saurASTranA itihAsamAM yAdava nAmazeSa banyA. purANomAMthI dvArakA, tApI, prabhAsakSetra, dharmAraNyakSetra vagerenA je ulekho maLe che, te uparathI jaNAya che ke prAcInakALamAM tIrthoddhAranI bhAvanA vyApaka pramANamAM vistarI haze. ItihAsakAzamAM AvIe chIe tyAre gujarAtamAM Aryone hiMdu dharma daDha thayelo dekhAya che. hiMdu dharmamAM ahIM ziva, viSNu, varAha, nRsiMha, vAmana, rAma, kRSNarAdhA, zakti, brahmA, sUrya, kArtikeya vagere devadevIonI upAsanA pracalita thaI. hiMdu dharmamAM sRSTinA sarjaka, pAlaka ane saMhAraka rUpe brahmA, viSNu ane ziva mukhya deva gaNAyA. samaya jatAM brahmAnI lokapriyatA ghaTIne gaNeza, ziva, viSNu, zakti ane sUrya e pAMca devone mahimA vadhe. A paikI ziva, viSNu ane zaktinA upAsakemAM AgaLa jatAM vividha saMpradAya vikasyA hatA. teo paramamAhezravara "paramabhAgavata" ane "paramazAkata" kahevAtA. evI rIte sUrya upAsakeno paNa saMpradAya hatA, te saura saMpradAya kahevAya. tenA anuyAyIo "paramaAditya bhakto kahevAtA. gANapa(gaNapati-upAsaka)ne paNa saMpradAya hatA, paraMtu te gujarAtamAM saMpradAya tarIke pracalita thayo hoya tema lAgatuM nathI. alabatta hiMduone moTo varga to koI eka saMpradAyanA anuyAyI thayA vinA ziva, viSNu, zakita, sUrya, gaNeza, hanumAna, ityAdi sarva devadevIone vaMde che, pUje che, ArAdhe che. viSNunA avatArone tathA devatAonAM vividha svarUpane upAse che. Itara devadevIonA alaga saMpradAyo vikasyA nathI, paraMtu A devadevIonI upAsanA pracalita che.

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gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya bauddha dharma ahIM mauryakAlathI anumaitrakakAla sudhI sArI rIte pracalita thayo hatA. temAM buddho, bodhisatva ane tArAonI upAsanA thatI. jaina dharma maurya. kAlathI pracalita thaye. te adyApi paryaMta lokapriya rahyo che. emAM tIrthakaronAM derAsara baMdhAyAM che. temAM tIrthakaronI sAthe yakSa-yakSiNIonI pratimAo paNa mukAya che. gujarAtamAM jaina dharmamAM digabara, zvetAMbara, mUrtipUjaka, sthAnakavAsI, terApaMthI vagere saMpradAyo pracalita che. anazaitrakakAlathI ahIM IrAnanA jarathostIo AvI vasyA. teo pArasI tarIke oLakhAya che. temanI agiyArIo ThekaThekANe baMdhAI che. | muslimonI vastI ahIM anumaitrakakAlathI zarU thaI. gujarAtamAM teonI sArI vastI che. ahIM ziyA, sunnI vagere saMpradAya pracalita che. aneka ThekANe masijada baMdhAI che. yahUdIo ane khristIonI saMkhyA sArA pramANamAM ahIM jovA maLe che. ahIMnA yahUdIo mahArASTramAMthI AvelA che. amadAvAdamAM emanuM sinegega che. khristIonI mizanarIo gujarAtamAM aneka ThekANe jovA maLe che. temAM kaeNthalika ane proTesTaMTa ema be saMpradAya vadhAre lokapriya che. baMne saMpradAyanAM devaLo aneka ThekANe baMdhAyAM che. hiMdu dharmane arvAcIna sudhAraka saMpradAyamAM, AryasamAja ThIka ThIka pracalita thayA che. prArthanAsamAja paNa ThIka ThIka pracalita thayele, paraMtu have enI lokapriyatA rahI nathI. tAjetaramAM saMtoSI mAtA tathA gAyatrI mAtAnI upAsanA vadhatI jAya che. ' Adhunika yugamAM ahIM AMbeDakaranI preraNAthI navA bauddhone saMpradAya paNa pracalita thatA jAya che. gujarAtamAM judA judA samaye aneka prajAo AvIne sthira thaI che. A videzI prajAomAMthI keTalIka bhAratIya dharmo svIkAryA hovAthI ApaNI saMskRti para temanA AcAravicAra, paheraveza, tathA jIvanamUlyonI asara sArA pramANamAM thaI che, tenAthI ApaNAmAM vividhatAmAM ekatAnI bhAvanA vikasI che. prAcInakALathI gujarAtamAM dharmanAM be aMga jovA maLe cheH (1) ISTa dharma, (2) pUrta dharma. zruti, smRti, purANu vagere dharmagraMthomAM zraddhA rAkhavI temaja agnihotra, tapa, vrata, japa vagere kriyA karavI, e ISTa dharma che. kahitArthe vAva, kUvA, sarovara, devAlaya, taLAva, phUDa, dharmazALA, rUla parabaDI, ghATa

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prAstAvika vagere baMdhAvavAM temaja annakSetra, tIrthakSetra vagere sthApavAM-ityAdi kAryone pUta dharma tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. sAMskRtika itihAsane lagatAM aneka sAdhana parathI jaNAya che ke gujarAtanA samAjajIvanamAM pUrva dharmo agatyano bhAga bhajavyo che. gujarAtanA aneka rAjavIo tathA dhanikoe vAvakUvA, taLAva vagere baMdhAvyAnA ulekha abhilekho ane sAhityamAMthI maLe che. gujarAtamAM vAva, kUvA, taLAva vagere uparAMta dANa mATe cabUtarA ke parabaDIo ane pazuonA rakSaNa mATe pAMjarApoLo baMdhAvavI, e gujarAtane lekajIvananuM agatyanuM pAsuM che. ahIM jaina dhamanI asara samAja upara vyApaka pramANamAM paDI hovAthI, lokonA rojabarojanA jIvanamAM paNa jIvadayAnI bhAvanA vaNAI gaI che. vasUkI gayelAM ane bImAra Dhora mATe gujarAtamAM aneka sthaLoe pAMjarApoLanI saMsthAo sthapAI che. Dhorone svaccha pANI maLe e mATe gujarAtamAM gAmegAma havADA jovA maLe che. maitrakakAlamAM zIlAditya dharmAditye potAnA rAjyamAM pazuo mATe gALIne pANI ApavAnI sagavaDa ApI hatI. solaMkI rAjavI kumArapALe pitAnA rAjyamAM 'amArI zeSaNuM karI pazuone vadha karavAnI manAI pharamAvI hatI. Ama, gujarAtamAM ghaNuM prAcInakALathI pUrta dharmane mahimAM cAlyo Ave che. Aje paNa ghaNuM dhanike tIrthasthaLomAM dharmazALAo baMdhAve che. nadI para ghATa banAve che. smazAnagRhonI sagavaDatAo kare che. (IT) dharmone atihAsika vikAsakama : | gujarAtanA atihAsika yugamAM AvIe chIe tyAre girinagaranA azokanA lekha parathI jaNAya che ke gujarAtanA dharmajIvanane vikasAvavAmAM azakanI dharma. AjJAoe agatyano bhAga bhajavyo hato. teNe potAnI dharmalipimAM vyApaka dharmabhAvanAnI ja pratiSThA karI che. dharmanuM AcaraNa mATe teNe vyavahAru ane upayogI sUcano karyA che. jema ke "vinA kAraNe prANIne vadha na kare. prANIone IjA na pahoMcADavI, mAtApitA, vaDIle ane vRddhonI sevA karavI. sagAM snehIo tarapha udAratA rAkhavI, nokaracAkara ane gulAmo pratye sadbhAva rAkhavo." priyadarzI aze ke A prakAranuM dharmAcaraNa kevaLa manuSya mATe ja nahi paNa pazuo mATe paNa dAkhavyuM hatuM. teNe potAnA rAjyamAM pazuo ane mAnavIe mATe rugNAlayo sthApyAM hatAM. potAnAM rAjyamAM na maLatI auSadhio ane vanaspatio bahArathI maMgAvavAnI vyavasthA karI hatI. pazuo ane musAphare mATe rastAnI banne bAjue vRkSA ropAvyAM hatAM. vAva, kUvA, taLAva vagere Thera Thera baMdhAvyAM hatAM. Ama, azoke gujarAtanI dharmabhAvanA vikasAvavAmAM mahattvane

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gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya bhAga bhajavyo hato. AjanA gujarAtamAM je dhArmika sahiSNutA jovA maLe che tene yaza keTaleka aMze maurya samrATa azokane phALe jAya che. te pitAnI dharma. lipimAM bahu ja namratApUrvaka jaNAve che ke devone priya priyadarzI rAjA Icche ke sarvasaMpradAya sarvatra vase. e sarvamAM saMyama ane bhAvazuddhi Icche che." gujarAtamAM sahiSNutAne je guNa paDela che tenuM mULa ahIM zodhI zakAya mauryakAlathI ApaNe kSatrakAlamAM AvIe chIe tyAre gujarAtamAM zaiva saMpradAya vyApaka rIte vistaryo hovAnI pratIti thAya che. ghaNuM kSatrapa rAjavIenA nAmanI sAthe "rudra" zabda joDAyela jovA maLe che. kSatrapa jayadAmAnA tAMbAnA sikkAomAM vRSabha ane zivanA pratIke jovA maLe che. A rAjavaMzanA eka rAjavI svAmI jIvadAmA pitAne pitAnA abhilekhamAM kArtikeyanA upAsaka tarIke oLakhAve che. A samaye saurASTramAM sAgarakinAre AveluM seminAtha e pAzupata matanA AcAryonuM moTuM kendra hatuM. A saMpradAyanA pravartaka zivanA 28mAM avatAra manAtA bhagavAna lakulIza athavA nakulIza ne janma vaDodarA jillAnA DabhoI gAma pAse Avela kAyAvarohaNa(kAravaNa)mAM thaye hato. bhagavAna lakulIzanI aneka pratimAo gujarAtamAMthI vividha sthaLoethI maLe che. A lakulIzane janma I. sanI pahelI ke bIjI sadImAM thayela hovAnuM anumAna che. kSatrakakAla pachInA gupta rAjavIonA samayamAM gujarAtamAM zaiva dharma tenA mULa svarUpe TakI rahyo hato. tema chatAM guptarAjavIo "parama bhAgavata' hovAthI temanA samayamAM gujarAtamAM dhIre dhIre vaiSNava saMpradAyane prasAra vadhyo hato. giranAranA I.sa. 455-57nA sakaMdaguptanA lekhamAMthI te samaye sudarzana taLAvanA kinAre cakrapAlite cakradhara(viSNu)nuM maMdira baMdhAvyuM hovAne ulekha maLe che. A samayanI keTalIka ziva ane viSNunI pratimAo zAmaLAjImAMthI maLela che. A sAthe A yugamAM gujarAtamAM zAkta saMpradAya paNa vikasyo hato. maitrakakAlamAM gujarAtanA dhArmika jIvanamAM vividha dharmasaMpradAyanI asara jovA maLe che. A samaye mAhezvara saMpradAya, zAkata saMpradAya, bhAgavata saMpradAya, saura saMpradAya, jaina ane bauddha saMpradAya jevA vividha saMpradAya gujarAtamAM vikasyA hatA. A sarva saMpradAyanAM zilpo gujarAtamAMthI vividha sthaLoethI maLe che. selaMkIkAla e dharma ane saMskRtine abhyadayane yuga hato. gujarAtanA itihAsamAM A samaye jeTalA dharmAcAryo thayA teTalA bIjA koI samaye thayA nathI. aNahilavADa pATaNa e dharma ane saMskRtinuM A samayanuM mukhya dhAma hatuM.

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prAstAvika A samaya agAu gujarAtamAM Arabo ane pArasIo AvyA. gujarAte temanA dharmane paNa udAratAthI apanAvyuM. temanA devasthAnuM rAjya taraphathI rakSaNa thatuM hatuM. darekane potAne anukULa dharma pALavAnI chUTa ApI hatI. dakSiNa gujarAtamAM gaMdhAra baMdaramAM 8mI sadImAM masjida baMdhAI hatI. sadare aravala masjida khaMbhAtamAM siddharAja jayasiMhanA samayamAM bAMdhavAmAM AvI hatI. amadAvAdamAM AvelA AzAvalanI AsapAsanA bhAgamAM agiyAramI sadInA AraMbhamAM musalamAnanI vastI hatI, ane tyAM majahabI kriyAo karavA mATe emaNe I. sa. 1053mAM eka masijada baMdhAvI hatI. mahAmAtya vastupAle makkAnI masijadamAM mUkavA mATe ArasanuM tAraNa dihInA sulatAnanI mAtA sAthe mokalyuM hatuM ane tyAMnI majidamAM dIpa ane dhUpane prabaMdha karyo hato. jenavaNika jagaDuzAhe kacchanA bhadrezvaramAM khImalI nAmanI eka majida baMdhAvI hatI. eka daMtakathA anusAra rAdhanapura pAse AvelA samInA kasabAtIo sulatAna mahamUda gajhanavI sAthe AvanArA saiyada sipAhIonA vaMzajo che. A samayamAM gujarAtamAM lakhAyelA zilpazAstranA be graMthe "jayapRcchA ane vRkSArNava"mAM rahemAna prAsAda eTale masjidanA bAMdhakAmane lagatI vigato ApI che. madhyakAlamAM AvIe chIe tyAre gujarAtanA samAjajIvana para islAmanI asara vartAya che. solaMkI rAjavIo e potAnA rAjayamAM vaselA musalamAno pratye je udAra vartana dAkhavyuM hatuM, tenuM so mA bhAganuM udAra vartana paNa muslima rAjavIoe hiMduo tarapha dAkhavyuM nahIM. muslima amala daramiyAna gujarAtamAM dharmasahiSNutA marI paravArI. aneka hiMdu ane jaina maMdirane nAza thayo. tema chatAM A samaye zaiva saMpradAya, zAkta saMpradAya, vaiSNava saMpradAya vagere TakI rahyA hatA. temaNe prajAnI dharmabhAvanA TakAvI rAkhI hatI. A samaye maMdironuM bAMdhakAma aTakI gayuM hovA chatAM ghaNuM lekee tIrthadhAmanA jIrNoddhAramAM nedhapAtra phALo ApyA hatA. A samaye dAdubhagatane parabrahma athavA sahaja saMpradAya, kabIrapaMtha, svAmInArAyaNasaMpradAya, vallabhAcArye pravartAvela puSTi saMpradAya vagere saMpradAya astitvamAM AvyA. temaNe gujarAtanA dhArmika jIvanamAM ghaNo palaTe ANyo. Aje paNa puSTi saMpradAye ane svAmInArAyaNa saMpradAye gujarAtanAM aneka nAnAmeTAM gAmamAM potAnI AgavI dhArmika zailI vikasAvI che. A samaye gujarAtamAM jarathostI dharmane prasAra thayA hatA. IrAnathI AvelA pArasIoe dakSiNa gujarAtamAM Thera Thera potAnAM dhArmika kendro sthApyAM.

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gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya temanA dharmaguruoe prajAmAM "Ataza baherAma"nuM mahatva vadhAryuM. akabare jarathostI dharmaguruone prabhAva nIce AvIne temanI sUcanA anusAra "ilAhI' saMvata zarU karyo. hAlamAM dakSiNa gujarAtamAM navasArI, valasADa, udavADA vagere pArasI dharmanAM noMdhapAtra kendro che. amadAvAdamAM paNa keTalIka pArasI agiyArIo AvelI che. ghaNuM pArasIoe gujarAtamAM vividha kSetre dAna karyA che. A sAthe eka vAta atre noMdhavI joIe ke temaNe vaTALa pravRtti dvArA anya dharmanA lokone pArasI banAvavAnA prayatna karyA nathI. gujarAtamAM IslAmane phelAvo thatAM gujarAtI samAja, hiMdu ane muslima evA be vibhAgamAM vaheMcAI gayA. muslimonAM AkramaNo vadhatAM hiMdu prajAe potAnI saMskRtinA rakSaNa mATe nAtajAtanAM baMdhane kaDaka banAvyAM. samAjamAM judI judI peTAjJAtio astitvamAM AvI. dharmabhAvanA saMkucita banI. vaTALa pravRttinA AdhAre ghaNA musalamAna banyA hovA chatAM temaNe potAnI agAunI raheNIkaraNa, rivAjo, paraMparAgata mAnyatAo vagerene cAlu rAkhI. AthI hiMdusamAjanI jema musalamAnamAM paNa vargabheda vadhyA. jJAtimaryAdAo vadhI. arvAcIna samayamAM AvIe chIe tyAre ApaNane vividha dharmasaMpradAya potapotAnuM AgavuM sthAna jamAvIne besI gayA hoya tema spaSTa jaNAya che. tema chatAM sAmAjika daSTie zaiva, vaiSNava, zAkata ke jaina koIpaNa saMpradAya vaLa potAnuM alaga astitva dharAvatA nathI. dareka dharmanA anuyAyIo ekabIjA sAthe bhaLI gayA hoya che. Aje gujarAtamAM narmadA kinAre zaiva saMpradAyanuM prabhutva dekhAya che, te madhya gujarAtamAM svAmInArAyaNa saMpradAya vikase che, te uttara gujarAta, IzAna gujarAta vagere sthaLe puSTi saMpradAyanuM mahattva vizeSa jaNAya che. A samaye dhIre dhIre gujarAtamAM khristI dharmane prasAra thate jovA maLe che. khristI dharmaguruoe gujarAtanA sAbarakAMThA, paMcamahAla, sUrata vagere jillAonAM AdivAsI kSetromAM pitAnAM dharma kendro sthApI vaTALa pravRtti dvArA khristI dharmane prasAra karyo. pariNAme aneka bhIla, ThAkora, keLA, harijana vagere khristI banyA. gujarAtanA khristI samAjamAM paramAra, cauhANa, cAvaDA vagere vividha aTake vALAM kuTuMba jovA maLe che. ANaMda, naDiyAda, borasada vagere aneka sthaLoe aneka khristIo vaselA che. temanAM devaLo Thera Thera AvelAM che. temanAmAM paNa kethalika, proTesTaMTa jevA vargabheda jovA maLe che.

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prAstAvika zIkha dharma paNa pitAnI AgavI rIte gujarAtamAM potAnuM sthAna jamAvyuM che. amadAvAda, vaDodarA vagere sthaLoe zIkha dharmanAM nedhapAtra gurudvArA AvelAM che. Ama, Aje gujarAtI samAjamAM aneka dharmasaMpradAye pitAnuM AgavuM sthAna jamAvI cUkyA che. A sarvanI viziSTatA e che ke dareka dharmo pitAnI viziSTa zailIthI potAnAM devasthAne baMdhAvyAM che. gujarAtI prajAmAM rahelI dharmasahiSNutAnI vRttine lIdhe A sarva devasthAne potapotAnI AgavI rIte vikasyAM che. dareka saMpradAyane pitAnA anuyAyIo maLelA che. darekanA AcAravicAra, dhArmika mAnyatAo alaga alaga hovA chatAM gujarAtanuM samagra kalevara eka ja dharmanA raMge raMgAyeluM hoya tema jaNAya che ane te dhama, te mAnavadharma. Aje paNa bhAratanA keIpaNa khUNe kudaratI Aphata UtarI heya te gujarAta sahu prathama sahAya mATe doDI jAya che. A gujarAtanA sAMskRtika jIvananuM eka ujjavaLa pAsuM che. saMdarbha graMtha (1) pra. 2. jo parIkha ane gujarAtane rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika The. ha. gaM. zAstrI (sa) itihAsa, graMtha-2 (2) du. ke. zAstrI (1) zaiva dharmane saMkSipta ItihAsa vaiSNava dharmane saMkSipta ItihAsa (3) gi. va. AcArya gujarAtanA etihAsika lekhe, bhA. 2, 3" (4) De. cInubhAI nAyaka gujarAtanI saMskRtimAM dharmane phALo, vidyApITha, aM. 99, saM. 2035

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2 hiMdu dhama ane zaiva sapradAya gujarAtanI prAcIna dharmAbhAvanA aMgenI mAhitI ApaNane prAcIna dharmagra MthA, tathA pracalita AcArAmAMthI maLe che. maurya kAlathI ApaNane AdhArabhUta sAdhane jevAM ke abhilekhA, sthApatyanA avazeSo vagere vipula pramANamAM maLatAM hAvAthI te pachInA samayanI ApaNane pramANabhUta mAhitI abhilekheA, dhama gra MthA, sthApatyeA vageremAMthI maLe che. AthI ahIM prAcInakAlanI dhama bhAvanA viSenI carcA veda, purANA, smRtigra MthA vagerene najara samakSa rAkhIne karavAmAM Avela che. prAcIna hiMdu dharmanuM svarUpaH prAcInakAlamAM ahIM hiMdu dharmAMnAM be svarUpa vikasyAM. vedakAlIna dharma zruti-AdhArita hatA, jyAre uttarakAlIna dharma smRti purANA para AdhArita hatA. bauddha dharma ane jaina dharma veda dharmathI alaga paDelA judA svarUpanA bhAratIya dharma che. e sivAyanA asala bhAratIya dharmonA vamAna svarUpane sAmAnya rIte hiMdu dhama" tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. vaidika dharmathI enuM mAtra pUrvakAlIna svarUpa samAya, je vartamAna svarUpathI dhaNuM bhinna che. keTalAka A nAma vadhu vyApaka arthImAM ghaTAve che. smRti AdhArita vartamAna hiMdu dharma mATe prAzcAtya vijJAnAe bAhmaNu dhama' nAma prayeAjela che. paraMtu A nAma vadhu saMkucita a `dharAve che. kharI rIte A nAma hiMdu dhama jeTaluM saraLa ane spaSTa nathI. AthI ahIM hiMdu dharma e rUDha artha mAM prayeAjAyela prayoga che, temAM bauddha dharma ane jaina dharmanA samAveza thatA nathI. hiMdu dharmAMnA be tabakkA cheH (1) pUrvakAlIna veda dharma (zruti dharma) ane (2) uttarakAlIna smRti dhama' (purANeAyata). pUrvakAlIna vaida dharma athavA brAhmaNa dharmonuM mukhya pramANa veda che. vaida eTale jJAna. enuM khIjuM nAma zruti che. zruti eTale sAMbhaLelu, veda cAra che : (1) Rgveda, (2) yajurveCda, (3) sAmaveda, (4) athavaveda. vedamAM saMhitA, brAhmaNu AraNyaka ane upaniSada traNenA samAveza thAya che. A samaye vividha devA jevA ke aditi, brahmA, agni, varuNu, indra,

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hiMdu dharma ane zaiva saMpradAya viSNu, sUrya, azvinI, rudra, yama, sema vagere vividha devanI pUjA pracalita hatI. A samaye yajJonuM mahatva vizeSa hatuM. zarUAtamAM yajJo sAda svarUpe thanA. sAdA ane gharamAM thaI zake tevA yajJo haviyajJo kahevAtA, ane vizALa mAnava samudAya bhAga laI zake tevA yajJo te samayAga yajJa kahevAtA. A ya ghaNuM kharcALa hatA. ghaNuM lAMbA samaya sudhI cAlatA. moTe bhAge rAjAo A yajJo karAvatA. tenI pAchaLa puSkaLa samaya ane dravya kharcAtAM. yajJo dvArA RSimunio pitAnA dhArmika vicAre samAjamAM mUrtimaMta karatA. samaya jatAM te AcAranuM svarUpa dhAraNa karatA. vaidika dharmamAM karmakAMDanuM mahattva vadhyuM hatuM. te sAthe prAcIna ekezvavara vAdanI bhAvanA paNa vikasI hatI. saMhitAo dvArA sAmAnya jana samAjanI dhArmika vRtti saMtoSAtI. upaniSada dvArA janasamAjanI tattvaciMtananI vRti vikasatI. upaniSadamAM jIva, jagata ane Izvara viSenI carcA ghaNuM vistRta rIte karavAmAM AvelI che. dhIre dhIre AnAthI prajAmAM pApa ane puNyanI bhAvanA vikasI. dharmasutromAMthI AgaLa jatAM smRtigraMtha racAyA. AnAthI prajAmAM je dharmabhAvanA vikasI te uttarakAlIna samRtidharma tarIke oLakhAvA lAgI. mRtikAronA mate vizALa pradezamAM mAnya thatA. smRtigraMthamAM manusmRti, yAjJavalkaya smRti, parAzara smRti vagere vadhAre noMdhapAtra gaNAya che. A graMthamAM varNa ane AzramanA dharmo varNavelA che emAM hiMdu dharmanAM saghaLAM to samAyelAM che. uttarakAlIna ane vartamAna hiMdu dharmanuM svarUpa uttarakAlIna hiMdu dharmamAM dhIre dhIre yajJo ane karmakAMDanuM mahattva vadhI gayuM. dhArmika AcAroe rivAjanuM svarUpa dhAraNa karyuM, temAM paMca mahAyajJo samagra hiMdu dharmanA staMbharUpa gaNAvA lAgyA. dhIre dhIre A samaye saMskAra ane varNAzrama prathAne vikAsa thaye. varNAzrama dvArA eka taMdurasta samAjanI racanA thaI. saMskAro dvArA samAjamAM brAhmaNo, dhArmika mAnyatAo vagerenuM mahatva vadhyuM. keTalAka saMskAre samAjamAM rUDha banI gayA. zarUAtamAM varNaprathA karma upara AdhArita hatI te samaya jatAM janma upara AdhArita banI gaI, pariNAme varNaprathAne vikAsa thayo. varNaprathAmAMthI jJAtio ane peTAjJAtio astitvamAM AvI. jJAtiprathA vikasatAM, sUkato ane yajJonA sthAne maMdire, mUrtio ane stotronuM mahattva vadhavA lAgyuM. indrAdi vedika devone sthAne ziva, viSNu, zakti ItyAdi devonuM prAdhAnya vadhyuM. prAcInakALamAM brahyA ane sUryanI upAsanA pracalita hatI paNuM vartamAna samayamAM te asta pAmI che.

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13 gujarAtanA krama sapradAya vartamAna samayamAM zivapUjana, viSNupUjA, zaktipUjA vagere pracalita che, paNa tenu prAcIna svarUpa adRzya thayu che. A sarva devA saumya svarUpe pUjAya che. darekamAMthI jaTila vidhie adRzya thaI che. A sava saMpradAyAe gujarAtanI prajAmAM anya dezonI mArkeka dhArmika bhAvanA vikasAvI che. leAkeAmAM dhArmika matabhedo hovA chatAM dhArmi ka jhadhaDAe~ javalle ja jovA maLe che. brAhmaNa dharmanA anuyAyIomAM gaNeza, ziva, viSNu, sUrya ane zaktie pa McAyatana devAnI bhaktinA prAdhAnyavALA paurANika dharmAM pracalita banyA. sALa sa`skAra H sALa saMskAro e hiMdu dharma ane samAjanuM eka viziSTa tattva che. mAnavInI mAnasika ane zArIrika zuddhi mATe te mahattvanA manAya che. A sarva saMskAra mAnavInA janmathI mRtyu paryaMtanA vividha tabakkAone anulakSIne ceAjavAmAM Avela che. tenA vizenI vizeSa mAhitI ApaNane prAcIna dharma graMthA, jevA ke gRhyasUtro, smRtigra MthA, purANA vageremAMthI maLe che. sa MskArAnI sa MkhyA khAkhatamAMthI ghaNA matabhedo pravartatA hatA. keTalAka smRtikArAnA mate cAlIsa manAtA paNa samaya jatAM tenI seALanI saMkhyA sa`mAnya banI. A seALa saMskArAmAM pahelA traNa garbhAdhAna, puMsavana, sIma tAnnayana janma pahelAMnA hovAthI strIe paranA saMskArA tarIke oLakhAya che. garbhAdhAna saMskAra RtukAla pachI ceAthIthI seALamI rAtri daramiyAna karavAmAM AvatA. pu Msavana ga nA trIjA ke ceAthA mAse garbha bALakanA deha dhAraNa kare tyAre putra prApti mATe karavAmAM AvatA. sIma tAnnayana sAmAnya rIte garbhanA sAtamA ke AmA mAse karavAmAM AvatA. A pachInA cAra saMskArA jAtakama, nAmakaraNa, annaprAsana, cUDAkaraNa, kaNuM vaidha, bAlyAvasthAnA eTale ke bALakA paranA sa MskAra che. A saMskAraza bALakanA janmathI lagabhaga traNa varSanA gALA daramiyAna thatA. A pachInA cAra saMskArA vidyAraMbha, upanayana, vedAraMbha ane samAvana vidyopArjanane lagatA saMskArA che. AmAM upanayana ane samAvartana saMskAronu mahattva vizeSa hatuM. upanayana saMskAra dvArA bALaka gAyatrI maMtrane adhikArI atI uccazikSaNanA prAraMbha karatA, jyAre samAvana saMskAra zikSaNanA aMte prayAnnatA. upanayana saMskAra vedakAla jeTalA prAcIna manAya che. samAvartana sa MskAra

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hindu dhama' ane zaiva sapradAya vidyArthI nA ceAvIsamA varSe UjavAtA. samAvartana saMskAra pAmI vidyAthI snAtaka banatA. pachI gRhasthAzramamAM praveza karatA. ahIM brahmacaSzramanI pUrNAhuti thatI. 14 vidyArthI ne dADhI-mUcha phUTe tyAre je sa MskAra thatA tene kezAnta ke geAdAna saMskAra kahetA. A saMskAra sAmAnya rIte bALakanA seALamA varSe UjavAtA. vivAha saMskAra e sarva saMskAramAM mahattvanA ane Ana MdadAyaka manAya che. A vakhate bALaka uMmaralAyaka thaI gRhasthAzramamAM praveze che. tenuM dAmpatyajIvana sukhI bane te rIte tene dhama ane samAjanA niyameAne vaza rahI jIvana jIvavAnu hAya che. pacAsa varSanI uMmare tene gRhasthAzrama pUrNa thAya che. A pachI te vanapraveza kare che. vAnaprasthAzramamAM AdyAtmika mArge jIvana jIvatA jIvatA te nRtyane zaraNa thAya, tyAre je saMskAra karavAmAM Ave che tene aMtyeSTi saMskAra tarIke eLakhavAmAM Ave che. hiMdu dharmamAM eka spaSTa mAnyatA che ke dehanA vilina thayA pachI AtmAnI hayAtI rahe che. te punarjanma pAme che, eTale mRtyu pachInA jIvananI utkRSTatA mATe atyeSTi saMskAra Avazyaka manAya che, temAM dADhakriyA, piMDadAna, bhaiyAdAna, brahmabhAjana vagerenA samAveza thAya che. Ama, A seALa saMskArI bALakanA janma pahelAM garbhAdhAnathI zarU karIne tenA mRtyuparyaMta cAlu rahe che. tenA mukhya Azaya mAnavInI dehazuddhi, ane AtmAzuddhi karIne tenA sarvAMgI vikAsa sAdhI tene dharma nA mArge jIvana vyatIta karavA preravAnA hatA. pratimA pUjA H devAlayone dAna ApavAnA mukhya hetu temAM sthapAyelI pratimAnI vidhisara rAja pUnna thAya, e heAya che. devapUjAnAM vividha agene upacAra kahe che. hiMdumadirAmAM devapUjA mukhyatve paMcAcAra, dazApacAra ke SoDazApacArathI karavAmAM Ave che. devapUjA jo gaMdha, puSpa, dhUpa, dIpa ane naivedhathI karavAmAM Ave te tene pAMcApacAra kahe che. A pahelAM pAdya, ardhya, Acamana, snAna, yajJApavIta vagere kriyA karavAmAM Ave teA tene dazApacAra kahe che. A sAthe jo AvAhana, Asana, vastrAlaMkAra, namaskAra, pradakSiNA ane visarjana vagere kriyA karavAmAM Ave tA tene SaDazeApacAra kahe che.

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gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya sAmAnya rIte hAlamAM gujarAtanAM mukhya maMdiramAM DaoNpacAra pUjanavidhi thAya che. paNa temAM upara jaNAvelA sarva upacAre prajAtA hoya tema lAgatuM nathI. pUjanavidhimAM sAmAnya rIte devane paMcAmRtathI snAna karAvI zuddha jaLathI snAna karAvavAmAM Ave che. tyAra bAda yajJopavIta, caMdana, dhUpa, dIpa, AratI, pradakSiNa, namaskAra, maMtrapuSpAMjalI vagere karavAmAM Ave che. A prakAranI devapUjA dareka saMpradAyanA maMdiramAM thatI jovA maLe che. samaya jatAM brAhmaNadharmamAM vividha vicArasaraNIo astitvamAM AvatAM, gujarAtamAM nizcita svarUpanA saMpradAye astitvamAM AvyA. ahIM zaiva, vaiSNava ane zAkata saMpradAya jevA vividha saMpradAye vikasyA. saura ane gANapatya saMpradAya bhAratamAM thoDA pramANamAM vikasyA. gujarAtamAM Aditya saMpradAya ane gANapatya saMpradAya svataMtra saMpradAya svarUpe vikasyA na hatA. alabatta, gujarAtamAM prAcInakALamAM aneka sUryamaMdire astitvamAM hatAM. A sarva saMpradAya hiMdu dharmanuM aMga hevA chatAM dharmaguruo bAhyADaMbara temaja saMkucita manovRtti one laIne kaluSita banyA hatA. hiMdu dharmanA vividha saMpradAye : (1) vasaMpradAya: zaivasaMpradAyamAM bhagavAna zivanI bhakti mukhya gaNAya che. zaivasaMpradAyamAM zivanI upAsanA vedakALathI pracalita hovAnuM manAya che. paraMtu haDappA, mehejo-daDomAMthI maLela avazeSo parathI jaNAya che ke e saMskRtimAM liMgapUjA pracalita hatI. vedamAM ApaNane rudrane karelI prArthanAo maLe che. RgvadamAM rudrane pazuonA rakSaka thavAnI vinaMtI karavAmAM AvI che. te bALakone paNa rogamukta kare che ema kahevAmAM AvyuM che. Ama, RdamAM varNavelo rUdra te pazuo ane vanaspatine deva che. rudramAMthI samaya jatAM kalyANakArI zivanI kalpanA vikasI. keTalAka vidvAnonuM mAnavuM che ke ziva e Arya deva nathI. samaya jatAM rudranAM ATha ane bAra nAma pracalita thayAM. paurANika samayamAM zaivasaMpradAyamAM vyavasthita thayelo jovA maLe che. purANomAM temanA aneka avatAronI vAta kahI che. paurANika yuga sudhI zivabhaktine je rIte vikAsa thAya te rIte jotAM ApaNe kahI zakIe ke te samaye zivanAM be svarUpa manAtAM-(1) rodra, (2) kalyANakArI ziva. sAmAnya janatAmAM evI mAnyatA pracalita che ke ziva potAnI patnI umA sAthe himAlayanA kailAsazikhara upara vase che. rAmAyaNamAM zive gaMgAne kevI rIte pRthvI para ANI tenuM varNana Apela che.

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hiMdu dharma ane zaiva saMpradAya ziva pote vyAghacarma dhAraNa kare che. temanAM Ayudha Damaru ane trizULa che. temanuM vAhana vRSabha che. gaLe sarSanI mALA dhAraNa kare che. zarIre bhasma lagAve che. samaya jatAM A zaivasaMpradAyamAM vividha prakAranA mate pracalita thatAM judI judI zAkhAo paDI gaI. jevI ke (1) pAzupata athavA mAhezvara saMpradAya, (2) kApAlika saMpradAya, (3) draviDa saMpradAya, (4) kAzmIrI zaiva saMpradAya, (5) vIra zaiva saMpradAya, (6) nAtha saMpradAya vagere. A sarva zAkhAoe pitAnA vividha prakAranA AcAravicArane lIdhe dhIre dhIre svataMtra saMpradAyanuM svarUpa dhAraNa karyuM, gujarAtamAM AmAMnI pAzupata saMpradAya tathA nAtha saMpradAya zAkhAne ThIka ThIka prasAra thayo. gujarAtamAM zaivadharmane prasAra: gujarAtamAM haDappA saMskRtinA avazeSo mATe bhAge lethalamAMthI vistRta pramANamAM maLyA che. ahIMthI liMga ke yonInA ghATanA ke AghazivanI AkRti. vALI kaI mudrAo maLI nathI. ( purANamAM jaNAvelI zArmAtA ane yAdavanI kathAomAM zaiva dharmanA ullekha maLatA nathI, paNa mahAbhArata ane viza purANamAM gujarAtamAM sauthI prAcIna tIrthakSetro prabhAsa ane bhRgutIrthane ullekha maLe che. ahIMyAM bane tIrthone tIrtho tarIke oLakhAvela che. A uparAMta abdakSetra, dvArakAkSetra, narmadAkSetra, dharmAraNyakSetra, brahmakSetra, sarasvatIkSetra, hATakezvarakSetra vagere tIrthamAM aneka zivAlayo hovAnA ullekha purANomAMthI maLe che. mauryakALa daramiyAna gujarAtamAM zaiva dharma vyApaka rIte vistarelo hoya tema jaNAya che. kSatrapone samaya lagabhaga I.sa. 100thI 100 sudhIne gaNAya che. kSatrapo videzI hatA. AthI temane kaye dharma haze te kahI zakAtuM nathI. tema chatAM temAMnA keTalAka rAjavIo jevA ke rudradAmA, rudrasena, rudrasiMha vagerenAM nAma sAthe pUrvArdhamAM rUdra" zabda prayojAyelo che, e jotAM e zivabhakta haze ema mAnI zakAya. jayadAmAnA tAMbAnA corasa sikakA upara vRSabha ane zivanAM pratIka maLe che. zAmaLAjImAMthI kSatrapakAlanAM keTalAMka zaivazilpa maLela che. dA. ta., bhIlaDInA vezamAM pArvatInuM zilpa, mAhezvarI mAtRkA, cAmuMDAmAtRkA vagere. kSatrapakAla daramiyAna gujarAtamAM zaiva dharma pracalita hato. zivanA 28 mA avatAra paikI 27mo avatAra prabhAsamAM soma zarmA rUpe ane 28mo avatAra

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16 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya vaDodarA jillAnA kAyAvarohaNa(hAlanuM kAravaNa)mAM lakulIza rUpe tha manAya che. A lakulIza I.sa.nA bIjA saikAmAM thayA. A pahelAM thoDAMka varSo pUrve tema zarmAe prabhAsamAM zaiva dharmanI soma siddhAMta zAkhA zarU karI hatI. A uparAMta lakulIzanA paTTaziSyo dvArA temanA matanI keTalIka zAkhAo zarU thaI hatI. jemAMnI keTalIka zAkhAe gujarAtamAM astitva dharAvatI hovAnA purAvA maLe che. gujarAtamAM gupta rAjavIonuM zAsana lagabhaga sittara varSa cAlyuM. guptA rAjAo pitAne "paramabhAgavata' kahevaDAvatA tethI zaiva dharmanA sIdhA koI ullekha maLatA nathI, paNa kumAraguptanA pazcima bhArata mATe paDAvelA sikkAmAM trizalanuM ane skaMdaguptanA pazcima bhArata mATe paDAvelA sikkAmAM maMdInuM pratIka jevA maLe che. A baMne pratIka zaiva dharmanAM che. zAmaLAjImAMthI eka tribhaMgayukta pratimA maLI Avela che. pratimAnA jamaNA hAthamAM trizala che. nIcale hAtha nRtya mudrAmAM che. A pratimA guptakAlIna hovAnuM manAya che. A sarva uparathI jaNAya che ke guptakAla daramiyAna gujarAtamAM zaiva dharma pracalita haze. maitrakakAlanA dharmasaMpradAyamAM sahuthI vadhu lokapriya dharma mAhezvara (zrava) saMpradAya hato. maitrakavaMzanA rAjavIo pitAne parama mAhezvara paramabhaTTAraka tarIke oLakhAvatA. temane kula dharma mAhezvara" hatA. ghaNA rAjavIonAM dAnapatromAM zaiva maMdirane dAna apAyAnA ullekha maLe che. upalabdha avazeSa uparathI prabhAsanuM somanAthanuM maMdira sahu prathama maitrakakAlamAM baMdhAyuM hoya tema jaNAya che. valabhIpuramAM aneka zaivamaMdira hovAnA ullekha maLe che. hAlanA valabhIpuramAMthI (bhAvanagara pAse) ghaNuM maitrakakAlIna zaivamaMdiranA avazeSo maLyA che. A uparAMta saurASTramAM bhANasara, bhImezvara, miyANI, naMdIzvara tathA eredarAnAM zivAlaya tathA porabaMdaranuM dhImeMzvara mahAdeva temaja rANAvAvanuM zivAlaya maitrakakAlIna hovAnuM manAya che. anu-maitrakakAlamAM da. gujarAtamAM rASTrakUTo ane pATaNa (u.gu.)mAM cAvaDAenuM rAjya astitva dharAvatuM hatuM. rASTrakUTa rAjavIone mULadharma mAhezvara hatA. cAvaDAvaMzanA sthApaka vanarAjanA vaMzaja yogarAje (I. sa. 805-814) bhaTTArikA yogezvarInuM maMdira baMdhAvyuM. akkaDadeve kArkarA zaheramAM akkaDezvarI ane kaMThezvarInAM maMdira baMdhAvyAM. kacchanA bhUyaDa athavA bhuvaDe (I. sa. 915 -932)mAM bhUyaDezvaranuM maMdira baMdhAvyuM. hAlamAM A gAmamAM nAza pAmelA bhUyaDezvaranA maMdiranA avazeSo mojuda che. vaDhavANamAMthI maLela zaka saMvata 836nA dharaNI varAhanA dAnapatramAM zaivadharmanA zivadevAcAryanA putrane dAna

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hiMdu dharma ane zaiva saMpradAya ApyAne ulekha che. pratihAra vaMzanA rAjavIomAM vatsarAja ane mahendrapAla zivabhakta hatA. temaNe aneka zivAlaya ne temanA nibhAva mATe dAna ApyAM che. Ama, uparanA sarve ulekha jotAM spaSTa jaNAya che ke cAvaDA vaMzanA amala daramyAna anumaitrakakAlIna samayamAM gujarAtamAM zaiva dharma sArI rIte pracalita hato. solaMkI rAjavIo sAmAnyataH zaiva dharmanA anuyAyI hatA. teo potAne parama mAhezvara' tarIke oLakhAvatA. teo somanAthanA parama bhakta hatA. A rAjavIoe potAnA amala daramyAna aneka zivamaMdira baMdhAvyAM hatAM. prabaMdhaciMtAmaNimAM jaNAvyA pramANe mULarAje muMjAla svAmI nAmanuM sevamaMdira temaja maMDalImAM mUlanAtha mahAdevanuM maMdira baMdhAvyuM hatuM. teNe potAnA amala daramyAna rUdramALane pAyo nAkhyo hato. cAmuMDe cAciNIzvaranuM maMdira baMdhAvyuM. durlabharAje bhAInA smaraNArthe madanazaMkara nAmanuM zaiva maMdira baMdhAvyuM. bhImadeva pahelAnA samayamAM mahamUda gajhanavIe somanAthanuM maMdira bhAMgyuM hatuM, te teNe samarAvyuM. karNadeve karNAvatImAM kaNezvara mahAdeva temaja siddharAja jayasiMhe sahastraliMga taLAvanA kinAre eka hajAra zivaliMganI sthApanA karI hatI. teNe rUdramALa baMdhAvyo. bhImadeva rajAe lIlezvara ane bhImezvaranAM maMdira baMdhAvyAM. vi. saM. 1280 (I.sa. 1224) lavaNaprasAde salakhaNupuramAM Analezvara ane salakhaNezvara nAmanAM zaivamaMdira baMdhAvyAM hatAM. vi. saM. 1311 (I.sa. 1255)nI DabheI prazastimAM vasaladeve vaidyanAtha mahAdevanuM maMdira DabhoImAM baMdhAvyAne ullekha maLe che. vi. saM. 1343 (I. sa. 1287)mAM somanAthamAM tripurAntake pAMca zaivamaMdira baMdhAvyAM. - Ama, solaMkIkAla ane vAghelA solaMkIkALa daramyAna aneka zivAlaya baMdhAyAnA ullekha abhilekho ane samakAlIna sAhityamAMthI maLe che. A samaye zivAla sAthe zaiva maTha sthApelA hatA. maThanA adhyakSane maThAdhipati kahevAmAM Avato. maMDalInA maThanA sthAnAdhipartA tarIke vedagabharAzi hatA. A vedagarbha rAzine bhImadeva rajA pachI gAdIe AvanAra caulukaya rAjavI tribhuvanapAle be gAmonuM dAna ApyuM hatuM. A sarva ulekha parathI jaNAya che ke solaMkIkAla ane vAghelA solaMkIkALa daramyAna samagra gujarAtamAM zaiva dharma vyApaka rIte vistarelo hato. tene rAjyAzraya maLelo hato. caulukayakAlI gu, 2

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19 gujarAtanA dhama sapradAya daramiyAna gujarAtamAM zaiva dharmanI eka zAkhA pAzupata saMpradAya astitvamAM AvI hatI. I. sa. 1304mAM gujarAtamAM seAlaMkI rAjavIonI sattA asta pAmI ane muslima sattAnI sthApanA thaI. muslima amala daramyAna gujarAtamAM aneka hiMdu ane jaina maMdiranA nAza thayo. Ama chatAM A samaya daramyAna zaiva dharma TakI rahyo hatA. A samaye nAganAca, sAraNezvara, bhIDabha Mjana, nIlakaMTha, siddhanAtha, za Mkhezvara vagere 40 thI 50 jeTalAM zivAlayeA baMdhAyAM hatAM ema A samayanA upalabdha abhilekhA parathI jaNAya che. dhIredhIre muslimeAnA AkramaNane lIdhe bhavya zaivamadirA tathA pAzupata mAnAlApa thaI gayA. tenA badale dhIre dhIre paurANika zivabhaktirUpe zaiva dharma TakI rahyo. A samaye ulughakhAne je seAmanAtha maMdira teADayu hatu. tenA vi. sa'. 1473 (I. sa. 1417)mAM jUnAgaDhanA yAdava khe gAre jIjJeIddhAra karAvyeA. prAcInakAlathI cAlI AvatI zivanI sAthe naMdi, gaNeza, pAva tI vagerenI pUjA A samaye paNa gujarAtamAM pracalita hatI. zivanA priya vAhana nadInA ullekha saltanatakAlIna abhilekhAmAMthI maLe che. AjI uparanA acalezvara mahAdevanA maMdiranA nadi upara vi. saM. 1464 (I.sa. 1408)nA lekha jovA maLe che. keTalAka saltanatakAlIna abhilekhAmAM maMgaLAcaraNamAM gaNezapArvatI sAthe nadinA ullekha jovA maLe che. mughalakAla daramyAna gujarAtamAM paurANika zivabhaktinA rUpamAM sAde zaiva dharma pracalita hatA. gujarAtamAM bhAgye ja kAI gAma evu haze ke jyAM gAmane pAdara ke madhyamAM ekAda zivaliMga ke zivAlaya na hoya. sAmAnya leAkeA ghara ke ma MdiramAM zivaliMganI sAmAnya rIte pUjA karatA. A samaye ziva sAmAnya janatAmAM bheLA zaMbhu tarIke pUjAtA. te sAmAnya pANInA leATA ane bIlIpatrathI prasanna thAya che ema manAtuM. A samaye leAkeA bhaktibhAvathI naitili "geA seAmanAtha, kAzI, kedAra, vagerenI jAtrAe jatA. A samaye prAcIna zaiva saMpradAyAnI asara samAja upara vartAtI nathI. A samaye racAyelA sAhityamAM paNa paurANika zivabhaktinA ullekha che. A samaye bhAlaNanuM zivabhIlaDI saMvAda, nAkaranu zivavivAha racAyAM. zivAnande (I.sa. 1744)mAM zivastutinAM aneka pade ane AratIe racI ane ratnezvare zivamahimna stAtranuM bhASAMtara karyuM. zAmaLe zivapurANa mAhAtmya gujarAtImAM utAryuM. Ama, A samaye kaviee leAkarucine mAna ApI saumya svarUpanA zaiva dharmAMte vikasAvavAmAM mahattvanA phALA ApyA che.

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hiMdu dharma ane zaiva saMpradAya mughalakAla pachI gujarAtamAM marAThAo ane aMgrejonI sattA sthapAI. A samaye kaI dhArmika saMgharSa Ubho thA na hatA. mughalakAlamAM zaiva dharma je svarUpe gujarAtamAM pracalita hatA te ja svarUpe marAThA samayamAM paNa TakI rahyo hate. Aje paNa gujarAtamAM paurANika bhakti svarUpane zaiva dharma pracalita che. vAratahevAre, somavAre bhAvika lake zivaliMga upara abhiSeka kare che. zrAvaNa mAsamAM brAhmaNe bIlIpatra caDhAve che. nAnAMmoTAM aneka zivAlaye hAlamAM astitvamAM che. somanAtha, vaDanagara, utkaMThezvara, galatezvara temaja narmadAkinArAnAM zaivatIrthonuM samAjamAM vizeSa mahattva che. bhAratamAM dvAdaza jyotiliMgomAM prabhAsanA semanAthane samAveza thAya che e khAsa noMdhapAtra che. leke vAra tahevAre A tIrtha sthAnanI yAtrAe jAya che. gujarAtamAM pAzupata saMpradAya sAmAnya rIte gujarAtamAM zivabhaktine pracAra ghaNuM prAcIna kALathI thayA hatA. ahIM te pAzupata (mAhezvara) saMpradAyanA nAme oLakhAto. maitrakavaMzanA rAjavIe pitAne "mAhezvara" tarIke oLakhAvatA. solaMkI rAjavIo paNa A ja saMpradAyanA anuyAyI hatA. bhImadeva 1lAnA vi. saM. 1086nA tAmrapatramAM kaccha maMDalanuM masurA gAma A paMthanA maMgala zivane dAnamAM ApyAne ullekha che. bhImadeva 1lAe zaiva dharmane rAjyAzraya Apyo hato. e uparathI kacchamAM A saMpradAya astitvamAM hovAnuM jaNAya che. A saMpradAyamAMthI samaya jatAM vIra zaiva, kApAlika ke kAlamukha vagere judA judA saMpradAyo uddabhavyA. AmAMne kApAlika ke kAlamukha saMpradAya selaMkIkAlamAM gujarAtamAM bahu pracAramAM na hatA. A samaye pAzupata saMpradAyane pracAra gujarAtamAM vizeSa hatA. A saMpradAyanA mukhya sthApaka lakulIza zivanA aThThAvIsamA avatAra manAtA. temane janma vaDodarA jillAnA DabhoI gAma pAsenA kAyAvarohaNamAM (kAravaNa) thaye hato. teo I.sa. pahelA ke bIjA saikAmAM thayA hovAnuM manAya che. | gujarAtanA eka lekhamAM lakulIzanA rUpamAM zivanA avatAranuM varNana maLe che. vi. saM. 1343(I.sa. 1287)nA sAraMgadevanA lekhamAM jaNAvyuM che ke pAzupata saMpradAyanA AcArya lakulIza gujarAtamAM narmadAkinAre kAravaNamAM janmyA hatA. A lakulIzanA kuzika, garga mitra ane puruSa nAmanA cAra ziSya hatA. A cAra ziSyonI anukrame kauzika, gAgya, samaya ane kauruSa ema cAra zAkhAo cAlI. A mautreya gotrovALA tripurA-taka ane vAlmika rAzi hatA. A tripurAntaka, kedAranAtha, rAmezvara vagerenI yautrA karIne somanAtha

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gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya AvyA hatA tyAM maThAdhipati gaMDabhAvabRhaspatie temane mahaMta banAvyA. A tripurAntake somanAthamAM pAMca devAlaya baMdhAvyAM hatAM. Ama, upalabdha abhilekha parathI jANavA maLe che ke gujarAtamAM cheka solaMkIkAla sudhI pAzupata saMpradAya pracalita hato. eTaluM ja nahi paNa zaiva dharmanAM mahattvanAM tIrthasthAnonA devAlayomAM A saMpradAyanA sAdhuo sthAnA dhipatI tarIke mahattvanuM sthAna dharAvatA hatA. A saMpradAyanI cokkasa prakAranI viMdhio hatI. A saMpradAyamAM "capala" jevAM judAM judAM gAtra hatAM. Aje te gujarAtamAM paurANika zivabhakti pracalita che. gujarAtamAM bhAgye ja kaI gAma evuM haze ke jyAM corAmAM rAma ane kRSNanI pUjA tathA gAmanI bahAra zivanI pUjA thatI na hoya. ghaNuM sthaLee zivamaMdire gAma bahAra pharavA javAnA kendra tarIke astitva dharAve che. ghaNA gAmomAM zivamaMdire nadI kinAre ke taLAva kinAre ekAMtamAM hoya che. ghaNAM gAmomAM tenI najIka smazAna jevA maLe che. ahIM javAthI manamAM zAMti thAya che. gujarAtamAM nAtha saMpradAyaH A saMpradAyanA sAdhuonA nAmAte "nAtha" zabda prayojAto. teo nAthasaMpradAyanA nAme oLakhAtA. nAtha eTale anAdi dharma. nAtha zabda Izvara athavA pazupatinI jema svAmI ke mahezvaranA arthamAM abhipreta hovAnuM jaNAya che. bahu prAcInakALathI A saMpradAya "siddhamatAne nAme oLakhAtA. tethI tenA graMtha siddhAMta graMtha tarIke oLakhAya che. A paMthanA mULa 9 AcAryo cheH (1) gorakSanAtha, (2) nAgArjuna, (3) dattAtreya, (4) jaDabharata, (5) matyendranAtha, (6) jala dharanAtha, (7) sahastrArjuna, (8) devadatta, ane (9) AdinAtha. AmAM 1, 5, 6 ane 9 nAma sAmAnya che. A nAma tAMtrika siddhomAM ane tibeTanI siddha paraMparAmAM jANItAM che. nava nAmo, kApAlikAcAryo, jJAnanAtha sudhInA gurusiddho ane varNaratnAkara ullekhita rAzInAtha-sidhonI paraMparA gaNue to teramI sadInA aMta sudhImAM lagabhaga so jeTalAM siMdhdhAnAM nAma upalabdha che. | gujarAtamAM solaMkIkALa daramyAna A saMpradAya vyApaka rIte pracalita hato. zrI hajArIprasAda dvivedI mUlarAja 1lAnA samayanA kaMthaDI nAmanA AcAryane A saMpradAya sAthe saMbaMdha hovAnuM mAne che. A siddha sarasvatIne kinAre rahetA hatA. mULarAje A kaMthaDanAthane pite baMdhAvelA tripuruSaprAsAdanA adhipati banavA

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hiMdu dharma ane zaiva saMpradAya vinaMtI karI hatI. tene temaNe asvIkAra karatAM e jagAe temanA ziSya vayajala. devane sthApavAmAM AvyA hatA. A siddha gorakhanAthanA samakAlIna hovAthI temanA ziSya hovAnuM manAya che. temane samaya dasamI sadIne madhyabhAga manAya che. eka mAnyatA evI pracalita che ke gorakhanAtha saurASTramAM gorakhamaDhImAM vasyA hatA. giranAranI sauthI UMcI TUka gorakhanAthanI TUMka tarIke oLakhAya che. aNahilapura pATaNanI pazcime Avela vAghelamAM nAtha saMpradAyane eka maTha hato. vAghelamAM vartamAna samayamAM nAtha saMpradAyane eka maTha astitva dharAve che. gujarAtamAM sAbarakAMThA jillAmAM Avela moDAsA prAcInakAlamAM nAthasaMpradAyanuM kendra hovAnuM jaNAya che. ahIM Avela rAmanAtha, gebInAtha, devarAja vagere devasthAne sIdhI rIte ja nAthasaMpradAyanI sAthe saMkaLAyelA hoya tema jaNAya che. phahara ane jUnA kApAlika saMpradAya sAthe sAMkaLe che. paNa tene kaI pratyakSa purAvo maLatuM nathI. rAmanAthamAM svayaMbhU bANa ane keTalAka prAcIna avazeSo najare paDe che. A jagyAethI gorakhanAthanI eka pratimA maLI AvI che. tenI bAjumAM keTalIka samAdhio AvelI che. A jagA bhUtakALamAM "rAjezvaramaTha" tarIke oLakhAtI. maMdiranI jamaNI bAjue ratanagiri nAmanA sAdhunI samAdhi che. AjubAjunA lekamAM A sAdhu vize evI anuzruti pracalita che ke teo kakaLatuM zIzu pI zakatA, bhairavanA upAsaka hatA. paNa AnA viSe kaI atihAsika pramANa maLatuM nathI. - moDAsAnI pUrva dizAe thoDeka dUra sAyarA javAnA raste mAjuma nadInA kinAre gebInAtha nAme eka zivAlaya Avela che. ahIM prAcIna samayamAM nAthasaMpradAyanA sAdhuo rahetA hatA ema kahevAya che. Aje maMdiranI najIkamAM Avela eka ghumaTa ne nAtha saMpradAyanA sthAna tarIke oLakhAvAya che. rAmanAthanI bAjumAM TekarI upara Avela eka devasthAnane devarAja tarIke oLakhavAmAM Avela che, anuzrutI pramANe jANavA maLe che ke nAthasaMpradAyanA masTendranAtha ane gorakhanAtha badrikAzI jatAM A sthaLe rokAyA hatA. A devarAja , nAma devAyata paMDitanA nAma uparathI paDayuM hovAnuM manAya che. A jagyAe nAtha paraMparAne AgaLa calAvanAra gebInAtha, gaharInAtha ke gebInaMdanano janma thaye hevAnuM manAya che. A gaharInAtha dvArA mahArASTranA saMta jJAnadevanA bhAI nivRttinAthe jJAna prApta karI dIkSA lIdhI hatI. nivRttinAtha zaMkarane avatAra manAtA.

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22 gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya kacchamAM bhUjathI lagabhaga 45 ki. mI. dUra Avela dhINodhara gAmamAM nAthasaMpradAyane eka maTha Avela che. A maTha kAnaphaTTA bAvAonuM pazcima bhAratanuM mahattavanuM kendra manAya che. ahIM I.sa. nI AThamI sadImAM dhoramanAtha nAme eka mahAna tapasvI saMta thayA. temaNe dhINodharanI taLeTImAM maThanI sthApanA karI. Aje paNa karachamAM nAthasaMpradAyanI moTI jAgIra che. jAgIrane vahIvaTa svataMtra rIte cAle che. enA mahaMta pIra tarIke pUjAya che. jAgIranA kAmakAja mATe dareka gAme jAgIrane thANAdAra, kArabhArI ane havAladAra nimAtA. A jAgIranI mAlikInAM bhImasara, ulaTa, baMgIA nAnA, moTA dhAvaDA, merIyA, sukhasANa, sAMganArA vagere gAmo hatAM. A badhAM gAmonI vArSika upaja lagabhaga 80 hajAra kerI jeTalI thatI. A AvakamAMthI ahIM sadAvrata cAlatuM. zALAo cAlatI jAgIranAM pazuonuM rakSaNa thatuM. hAlamAM A jAgIrane vahIvaTa sarakArI kAyadA anusAra TrasTIo mAraphate cAle che. ahIM dhoramanAthanuM eka maMdira che. dhINodharanI taLeTImAM Avela sthaLa "thAna" tarIke oLakhAya che. ahIM pIra athavA anya sAdhUo rahe che. dharamanAthanA maMdiramAM dhoramanAthanI vizALa mUrti AvelI che. tenA eka hAthamAM mALA ane bIjA hAthamAM bhasmane goLa che. ahIM bIjAM keTalAMka zivAlaya che. dharamanAthanI zAkhAmAM dharamanAtha, zaraNanAtha, garIbanAtha, paMthanAtha, bhIkhArInAtha 1 lA, bhIkhArInAtha 2 jA vagere saMta thayA. A zAkhAnA bAvAo "kAnaphaTTA" tarIke oLakhAya che. kAnaphaTTA saMpradAyane pAzupata saMpradAyane phAMTo mAnavAmAM Ave che. A paMthanA upAsyadeva bhairava che. A paMthanA bAvAonI kAna cIravAnI kriyA atyaMta dhRNAjanaka che. bhairavanI mUrti samakSa celAnA kAnamAM tIrNa hathiyAra veMcI kAna caryA pachI emAMthI lohI baMdha thAya tyAM sudhI tenA mAthA para pANI reDavAmAM Ave che. lohI baMdha thatAM sudhI te kAna cIrAvanAra vyakti lagabhaga bebhAna thaI jAya che, tyAra pachI kAne lImaDAnuM tela copaDavAmAM Ave che. cAlIsa divasa sudhI tene ekAMtamAM rAkhavAmAM Ave che. kahevAya che ke A cAlIsa divasa daramyAna A saMpradAyanA sAdhu bananAra ziSyane eka vakhata dharamanAthanAM darzana thAya che. A sivAya A paMthamAM kApAlika saMpradAya jevI bIjI kaI dhRNAspada kriyAo nathI. A paMthamAM keganA abhyAsane khAsa mahatva ApavAmAM Ave che. A paMthanA bIjA nAnA svarUpanA maThe kacchamAM kaMthakeTa, keTezvara, aMjAra vagere sthaLe AvelA che. A paMthanA yogIo kuMDala, kiMgadarI, mekhalA, zagI, dhaMdhArI, rudrAkSa, adhanarI, kaMthA, daMDa, khappara, bhasma, tripuMDa vagere dhAraNa kare che.

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hiMdu dharma ane zaiva saMpradAya gujarAtamAM nAtha siddhonI prAcIna pratimAo | gujarAtamAM vaDodarA jillAmAM DabheI gAmamAM I.sa. 1212 ane 1238nI vaccenA gALAmAM baMdhAyela eka uttama killo Avelo che. A killAne jIrNodvArA avAranavAra thaye che. A killAnA uttara taraphanA mahuDI athavA cAMpAnerI daravAjAnA nAme oLakhAtA daravAjAnAM zilpo mukhyatve zaiva devadevIonAM che. daravAjAnA pUrva ane pazcimanI dIvAlanI aMdaranA bhAgamAM uparanI be haroLamAM ziva ane zaiva devadevIonI AkRtio che. jyAre nIcenI trIjI haroLamAM A saMpradAyanA sAdhuonAM upasAvelAM zilpa che. A sAdhuonI kula 13 pratimAo che. temAMnI lagabhaga badhI ja ochAvattA pramANamAM khaMDita thayelI che. daravAjAnA pazcima taraphanI dIvAlanA uttara taraphanA cheDAthI dakSiNa taraphanA cheDA sudhI cha sAdhuonI pratimAo che. jyAre pUrva taraphanA cheDAthI dakSiNa taraphanA cheDA sudhI cha sAdhuo ane eka strI maLI kula sAta pratimAo che. pratyeka zilpa khUba upasAvela ane alaga alaga zilApaTTa para kotarela che. A sAdhuonI vezabhUSA nAthasiddhonI vezabhUSAne maLatI Ave che. temAM mayendranAtha ane gorakhanAthanI pratimAo spaSTa rIte oLakhI zakAya che. Ama, ahIM tera nAthasiddhonI pratimAo AvelI che. A siddhonAM nAma (1) AdinAtha, (2) matyendranAtha, (3) jAlaMdharanAtha, (4) gorakSanAtha, (5) kAniphanAtha, (6) kaMthaDanAtha, (7) madAnAvatI-mayaNuvatI, (8) gAhinInAtha vagere hovAne saMbhava che. (juo citra naM. 2 thI 5) A sarva zilpa jotAM jaNAya che ke gujarAtamAM bAramI teramI sadImAM nAthasaMpradAya vyApaka rIte vistarela hatA. gujarAtamAM matyendranAtha, gorakhanAtha, jAlaMdharanAtha vagere jANItA hatA ane teo kAnaphaTTA saMpradAya sAthe saMkaLAyela hatA. amadAvAdamAM paMdaramA saikAmAM eka prakhara bhairava upAsaka mANekanAtha thaI gayA. A mANekanAthanA paTTa ziSya gulAbanAtha hatA. temanA pachI anukrame sarasvatInAtha, meghanAthajI, delatanAthajI, zItalanAthajI, maMchAnAthajI, budhanAthajI vagere thayA. mANekanAthanA nAma uparathI amadAvAdanA mANekakanuM nAma paDayuM hevAnuM manAya che. gujarAtanA zaivasaMta: gujarAtamAM mukhyatve zaivadharmanA kula 23 saMta thayA manAya che. (1) mazarmA purANa anusAra A samazarmA rudra zivanA 27mAM

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gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya avatAra manAya che. teo lakulIza pahelAM thayA. temane ulekha prabhAsa pATaNanA kumArapAlanA I.sa. 1169 vi.saM. 1125nA lekhamAM A AcAryane ullekha che. temaNe prabhAsamAM somasiddhAMtanI sthApanA karI hatI. temanA cAra ziSyonAM nAma akSapAda, kaNaMda, ulUka ane vatsa- hatAM. kAyAvarohaNa mAhAyamAM lakulIzanA pitAmaha tarIke somazarmAne ullekha che. (2) lakulIza : zivanA 28mA avatAra manAya che. kAraNa mAhAsyamAM samazarmAne emanA pitAmaha tarIke oLakhAvela che. pAzupata matanA teo mukhya pravartaka manAya che. temane ulekha purANomAM maLe che. A uparAMta sAraMgadevanA samayanI vi.saM. 1343(I.sa. 1287)nI sinhA prazasti nAme jANItI devapaTTana prazastimAM lakulIzane zivanA 28mA avatAra tarIke AlekhyA che. kAravaNa mAhAgyamAM jaNAvyA pramANe lakulIzanA pitAnuM nAma viThalarUpa ane mAtAnuM nAma sudarzana hatuM. temanuM janmasthAna kAyAvarohaNa (vaDodarA jillAnuM kAravaNa) hatuM temanA ziSyonuM nAma kauzika, gArga, mitra ane kuruSa hatuM. temanA cAre ziSyonA nAme cAra zAkhAo pracalita hatI. (3) vacchakAcArya : A saMtane mUlarAja 1lAnA vi.sa. 1030 (I. sa. 974)nA dAnapatramAM ullekha che. temane mularAje dAna Apela. , (4) dInAcArya : mUlarAja 1lAnA vi.saM. 1051(I.sa. 995)nA vAlerA tAmrapatramAM A saMtane ulekha che. mULarAje satyapuramaMDalamAM AveluM varaNuka gAma temane dAnamAM Apela. teo kAnyakunzathI AvelA hatA. (5) bhada2ka ajapAla: bhImadeva pahelAnA visaM. 1086(I.sa. 103031)ne dAnapatramAM A saMtane ullekha che. temane bhImadeve kacchanuM masUra gAma dAnamAM ApyuM hatuM, (6) prasarvajJa : kumArapAlanA vi.saM. 1202 (I.sa. 1146-47)nA mAMgaroLa (soraTha)nA lekhanI prazasti pAzupatAcArya prasarvare racelI che. mAMgaroLa pAsenA DhelANuM gAma najIkanA kAmanAtha mahAdevamAM Avela orasIyA uparathI jaNAya che ke A pAzupatAcArye mAMgaroLa pAse bhUga maThanI sthApanA karI haze. bhAvabRhaspati : - caulukaya rAjavI kumArapAlanA samayanA valabhIsaMvata 850 (I.sa. 1169)nA prabhAsapATaNanA lekhamAMthI ane bhImadeva 2 jAnA verAvaLanA lekhamAMthI bhAvabahatinA jIvana vizenI vistRta mAhitI maLe che.

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25 hiMdu dharma ane zaiva saMpradAya emane janma vArANasImAM thaye hatA. teo gAgotranA kAnyakunja brAhmaNa hatA. teo bhAvabRhaspati naMdIzvarane avatAra manAtA. nAnapaNathI temaNe pAzupata vata grahaNa karyuM hatuM. temaNe pAzupata saM pradAyanA pracAra arthe bhAratayAtrA karI hatI. temanA prabhAvathI mALavAnA rAjavIo temanA anuyAyIo banyA hatA. temaNe caulukaya rAjavI siddharAjane seminAthanA maMdirano jIrNoddhAra karavA preryo hato. paNa A kArya pUrNa thAya te pahelAM siddharAjanuM mRtyu thatAM A kArya kumArapAle pUrNa karyuM hatuM. kumArapAle bhAvabRhaspatine 'gaMDa'nuM biruda ApeluM. temane teNe somanAthanA sarvezvara-gaMDezvara banAvyA hatA. bhAvabRhasvatie seminAthamAM merunAme navo prAsAda karAvyuM. 555 saMtanI pUjA karI, nagaranI AsapAsa majabUta keTa baMdhAvyo hato. temaNe devanA maMdire upara suvarNa kaLaza caDhAvyA. nRpazALA,vAva, maMdire vagere baMdhAvyAM. annakSetra sthApyuM. grahaNanA divasoe te vidvAnone dAna ApatA. temanI patnInuM nAma mahAdevI hatuM. temane aparAditya, ratnAditya, somezvara ane bhAskara nAme cAra putro hatA. verAvaLanA lekha parathI jaNAya che ke bhAvabRhasvati e ujjainamAM pravartatA pAkhaMDa maMtane zuddha karyo hato. A uparAMta vizvezvararAzi, zrIdurvAsu, vimala zivamuni, gaMDazrI vIrabhadra, gaMDagrI abhayasiMha, zrI tripurAMtaka, pAzupatAcArya vighArAzi, kArarAzi, gaMDabahaspati, kArtika rAzi, vAlmIkarAzi, gaMDezrItripurAntaka, vedagarbha rAzi, kedArarAzi, vizvAmitrarAzi, mahezvarAcArya vagere saMta caulukayakAlamAM thayAne ullekha maLe che. A sarvemAM gaMDabrahaspati, kArtika rAzi, vedagarbha rAzi, kedArarAzi vagere ghaNuM jANItA hatA. temaNe zaivadharmanA vikAsa mATe noMdhapAtra phALo Ape che. gujarAtanAM mukhya zaiva tIrtha : gujarAtanAM mukhya zaiva tIrthonI mAhitI khAsa karIne skaMdapurANamAMthI maLe che. keTalAMka tIrthonI mAhitI je te tIrthanA mAhAtmayamAMthI maLe che. skaMdapurANamAM aneka zaiva tIrthone lagatA-ulekho che, mAhezvarakhaMDamAM mahIsAgara saMgamakSetranA brahmakhaMDamAM, moDherAnI AsapAsa dharmAraNyakSetranA revAkhaMDamAM, narmadAkinAre AvelA tIrthakSetramAM, skaMdapurANanA nAgarakhaMDamAM vaDanagara AsapAsanA

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- gujarAtanA dhAma saMpradAya hATakezvarakSetra, prabhAsakhaMDamAM prabhAsakSetra, vastrApathakSetra ane dvArakAkSetranAM tIrthonuM varNana karela che. A uparAMta tApI purANamAM tApI nadI uparanAM tIrthonuM, sarasvatIpurANamAM sarasvatInAM tIrthonuM ane brahmapurANamAM Avela brahmakSetra mAhAsyamAM kheDabrahmAnI AsapAsanAM tIrthonuM varNana maLe che. prabhAsakSetra : prabhAsakSetramAM gujarAtanuM jANItuM tIrtha somanAtha AveluM che. ahIM eka vizAlamaMdira AveluM che. anuzruti pramANe jANavA maLe che ke ahIMnuM maMdira sau prathama some sonAnuM baMdhAvyuM hatuM. rAvaNe rUpAnuM baMdhAvyuM ane kRSNa lAkaDAnuM baMdhAvyuM. AnA vize kaI atihAsika pramANa maLatuM nathI. saMbhava che ke mitrakakAlamAM A maMdira baMdhAyuM haze. bhImadeva 1lAnA samayamAM musalamAnee tene nAza karatAM bhImadeve paththaranuM baMdhAvyuM hatuM. siddharAja jayasiMhanA samayamAM te jIrNa thatAM kumArapAlanA samayamAM bhAvabahaspatinI preraNAthI tene jIrNoddhAra thaye. pazcima samudranA kinAre AveluM A maMdira gujarAtanuM eka bhavya maMdira manAya che. A sthaLa anekavAra muslimonA AkramaNane bhoga banyuM hatuM. ahIMnA maMdiramAM gUDhamaMDapa garbhagRha karatAM moTo hato. aMdara vizALa zivaliMga AveluM hatuM. bahAranI dIvAlonAM zilpo khaMDita thayelAM hatAM. AgaLanI cekInI chatamAM kAlIyamardananuM suMdara zilpa kaMDAreluM hatuM. staMbha kalAtmaka hatA. vi. saM. 1354 (I.sa. 1298)mAM allAuddInanA saradAra ulughakhAne, vi. saM. 1527 (I.sa. 1476)mAM mahamUda begaDAe ane auraMgajhebanA samayamAM gujarAtanA mughala sUbA Ajhame vi.saM. 1757 (I.sa. 1701)mAM A maMdirane nAza karyo hato. maMdiranA keTalAka bhAgane masjidamAM pheravI nAkhavAmAM AvyA hatA. AthI mULamaMdiramAM navA liMganI sthApanA azakaya jaNAtAM IndaranI rANI ahalyAbAI hekare mULa maMdirathI thoDeka dUra navuM maMdira baMdhAvI tyAM bheMyarAmAM navuM liMga sthApyuM. I.sa. 1947mAM bhArata AjhAda banatAM, I.sa. 1951mAM tyAM navA maMdiramAM jyortiliMganI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI. (juo citra naM. 1) hAlamAM maMdiranA vahIvaTa mATe TrasTa nimavAmAM AvyuM che. TrasTa taraphathI tene avAranavAra jIrNoddhAra thatuM rahe che. maMdiramAM abhiSeka temaja anya pUjAnI vyavasthA maMdira kamiTI taraphathI karavAmAM Ave che. pAse Avelo ghUghavato sAgara ane maMdirane vizALa coka maMdiranI zobhAne anekagaNI vadhAre che.

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hiMdu dharma ane zaiva saMpradAya 27 maMdira pAse yAtrI gRha baMdhAvela che. maMdiranI bahAra pUjA mATenI phUlaphaLAdinI sAmagrI vyavasthita rIte maLe che. najIkamAM purAtatva khAtA taraphathI taiyAra karela myujhiyama AveluM che, jemAMnA avazeSo maMdiranI prAcIna bhavyatAne tAdazya kare che. prabhAsakSetramAM somanAtha uparAMta, bIjA keTalAMka prAcIna maMdire jevAM ke zazibhUSaNa, rUdrezvara, brahmasvara, yamezvara, gadhezvara, bhImezvara, zanaizvarezvara, kAmezvara, gaurIzvara, taruNezvara, bhuvanezvara, arezvara, zaMkhezvara, bhUtanAthezvara, jamadezvara, aivinezvara vagere tIrtho AvelAM che. AmAMnAM ghaNuM maMdira khaMDera thaI gayAM che. sarasvatI nadInA kinAre saMgama AgaLa aneka leke snAna karavA jAya che. ahIM keTalAMka zivAlayo AvelAM che. vastrApathakSetra : vastrApatha kSetramAM jUnAgaDha pAse giranAranI taLeTImAM bhavanAtha mahAdevanuM zivAlaya AveluM che. e A kSetranuM noMdhapAtra zivAlaya gaNAya che. mahAzivarAtrIe ahIM moTe meLo bharAya che. dvArakAkSetra : - dvArakAkSetramAM gamatIsaMgama sthAna pavitra manAya che. ahIyAM keTalAMka zivAlayo AvelAM che. sarasvatIkSetra : sarasvatI nadInA kinAre siddhapura e noMdhapAtra zaivatIrtha manAya che. A tIrthanuM prAcIna nAma zrIsthala hoya tema jaNAya che. siddhapurane rudramahAlaya tenI kalAkRti mATe bhAratabharamAM prakhyAta che. rudramahAlaya : A zaiva maMdirane keTaloka bhAga mUlarAja 1lA samayamAM baMdhAyelo te khaMDera thatAM siddharAja jayasiMhe tenI jagyAe eka vizALa zivAlaya baMdhAvyuM. hAlamAM tenA keTalAka avazeSe prApta thAya che. maMdira sarasvatInA kinAre AveluM che. tenI AsapAsa 11 rudronI devakulikAo hatI. maMdira pUrvAbhimukha hatuM. maMdira betraNa mALanuM lagabhaga 160 mITara jeTaluM vizALa hevAne saMbhava che. tenuM garbhagRha vizALa hoya tema jaNAya che. ahIMnA garbhagRha ane gUDhamaMDapa lagabhaga sarakhA che. maMdiranI bahAranI dIvAlamAM gajathara, azvathara

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28 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya temaja naratharanI AkRtio najare paDe che. staMbhe suMdara kalAkRtivALA lagabhaga 16 mITara jeTalA UMcA che. AgaLa kIrtitoraNa AveluM che. maMdiranI pAchaLanI keTalIka devakulikAone masjidanA rUpamAM pheravI nAkhavAmAM AvI che. tenI bAMdhaNuM hindu zailInI che. A sthaLa prAcInakALamAM pAzupatinuM eka mahatvanuM kendra manAtuM. Aje ahIM rAjabhAratIne maTha prakhyAta che. A uparAMta sarasvatIkSetramAM hATakezvara, bhUtanAtha, brahmAMDezvara, abuMdezvara, vAlakezvara, vaTezvara, bhulezvara, harihara, lAMbevara vagere zivAlayo AvelAM che. tyAM vAratahevAre leke darzane jAya che. meLo bharAya che. hATakezvara : uttara gujarAtamAM Avela hAlanA vaDanagaranA kSetrane purANomAM hATakezvara tIrtha tarIke oLakhavAmAM Avela che. A kSetranuM mAhAtmya skaMdapurANanA nagarakhaMDamAM AveluM che. hATakezvara nAgaranA ISTadeva manAya che. AthI hAlanA vaDanagaramAM Avela hATakezvaranA maMdirane nAgaro pitAnuM mULa tIrthadhAma mAne che. A zivAlaya zahera bahAra AveluM che. pUrvAbhimukha che temAM garbhagRha, aMtarAla, sabhAmaMDapa, zRMgArakI, vagere Avela che. staMbhe, goLa, cerasa ane aSTakoNa che. liMga zyAma raMganuM che. AgaLanA bhAgamAM be vizALa naMdI che. maMdiranI bahAranI dIvAlo narathara, gajathara vagerethI alaMkRta karavAmAM AvelI che. mukhya maMdiranA gavAkSamAM vividha devadevIonAM zipa kaMDArela che. AjubAju AvelAM bIjA keTalAMka nAnAM zivAlayo seminAtha, ajayapALa mahAdeva, acalezvara, vizvAmitrezvara, mahAkAlezvara, baLezvara, kuzvara, kedArezvara, aTezvara, amarezvara, nAgezvara vagere nAme oLakhAya che. brahmakSetra : - kheDabrahmA (ji. sAbarakAMThA)nA pradezanI AsapAsanA vistArane brahmakSetra tarIke purANomAM oLakhavAmAM Ave che. A pradezamAM yakSIndra mahAdeva, bhRgutIrtha roDAnAM zaivamaMdire vagere aneka naMdhapAtra zivAlayo AvelAM che. ahIMnAM zivAlayo nAnAM ane sAdAM che. roDAmAM zivAlaya vividha prakAranAM zithiI zaNagArelAM che. ahIMnAM sAta zivAlayono samUha solaMkIkAlane hevAnuM jaNAya che. pAse kuMDa Avela che. keTalAMka khaMDita che. darekamAM garbhagRha ane maMDapa che. ghaNuM apUjya che.

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29 hiMdu dharma ane ziva saMpradAya dharmAraNyakSetramAM meDherAnA sUryamaMdiranI pAse dharmezvara, gaLezvara nAme zivAlayo AvelAM che. sAbaramatI nadInA kinAre vADaja gAma pAse eka prAcIna zivAlaya AveluM che. A maMdirane sthAnika leke dudhezvara mahAdeva tarIke oLakhe che. galatezvaraH skaMdapurANamAM mahIsAgara saMgamakSetranA keTalAka tIrthonuM varNana karela che. mahI nadInA kinAre hAlanA kheDA jillAmAM AvelA ThAsarA gAmanI pAse galatezvara nAmanuM eka prAcIna zivAlaya Avela che. A zivAlaya selaMkIkAlanA AraMbhanuM che. e dhAranA paramAra rAjA siyaka 2 jAe baMdhAveluM manAya che. zivAlaya vizALa che. tene keTaloka bhAga khaMDita thayela che. tene garbhagRha ane vizALa maMDapa che. AgaLanA maMDapamAM ATha staMbhe jovA maLe che. staMbhe suMdara kalAkRtiothI zaNagArelA che. dIvAlo upara narathara, gajathara, azvathara vagere kaMDArela che. zivAlayamAM jude jude ThekANe gaNeza, kArtikeya, bhairava vagere. vividha devonI pratimAo AvelI che. hAlamAM maMdiramAM vyavasthita rIte pUjA thAya che. maMdiranI pAse yAtrIone UtaravA mATenI vyavasthA che. narmadA kinArAnAM tIrtho : | gujarAtamAM narmadA kinAre aneka nAnAM moTAM zaiva tIrtho AvelAM che. zaiva saMpradAyamAM narmadAnI parakammAnuM vizeSa mahattva che. ahIM zUlapANezvara, kamalezvara, garuDezvara, rAjarAjezvara, kedAratIrtha, maNinAgezvara, cANodamAM Avela kapilevara tathA raNamukatezvara, karanAlImAM semezvara, kaThoramAM hanumatezvara, cANoda pAsenuM vyAsa tIrthamAMnuM vyAsezvara vagere noMdhapAtra zivAlaya ane tIrthasthAne AvelAM che. pAvAgaDha : pAvAgaDha e gujarAtanuM noMdhapAtra yAtrAdhAma gaNAya che. ahIM kAlikA mAtAnuM prakhyAta maMdira che. A sAthe ahIM mAtAjInA maMdira pAse lakulIzanuM prAcIna zivAlaya AveluM che. maMdira khaMDera che. maMdirane garbhagRha aneka zikharavALuM hovAnuM jaNAya che. maMdirane uttama kalAkRtiothI zaNagAreluM che. pravezadvAranA otaraMgamAM lakulIzanI suMdara mUrti kaMDArela che. zivAlayamAM naTarAja cAra hAthavALA, lakulIza, viSNu, brahmA, durgA vagerenI pratimAo jovA maLe che. maMdiranI AgaLa naMdI jovA maLe che.

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gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya kAyAvarohaNaH kAyAvarohaNa (kAravaNuM) (ji. vaDodarA) e to zivane avatAra manAtA bhagavAna lakulIzanuM pavitra tIrthadhAma che. tyAM rAjarAjezvara jevAM aneka prAcIna meTAM zivaliMga AvelAM che, jenA agrabhAga para lakulIzanI mUrti kaMDArelI heya che. tAjetaramAM tyAM brahmazvaranuM navuM meTuM bhavya zivAlaya baMdhAyuM che. lakulIza brahmAe sthApelA A liMgamAM Akhare sadeha vilIna thaI gayA. A uparAMta porabaMdara pAsenuM bilezvara, bhANasara, oDadara, kacchanuM aMjAra, uttara gujarAtamAM AveluM saMDera, sUNuka, sAbarakAMThAnuM zAmaLAjI, gorAdanuM sAmezvara, viramagAma, sejakapura, ghUmalI (navalakhA maMdira) harasiddhamAtA, miyANa, caulANI, khaMDesaNu, bAvakA (ji. paMcamahAla dAhoda pAse) vaDAlI (IDara pAse ji. sAbarakAMThA), visAvADA (saurASTra), DabhoI (vaidyanAtha mahAdeva ji. vaDedarA) bhUvaDa (kaccha), desaNa (bhuvanezvara ji. sAbarakAMThA) vagere sthaLoe AvelAM zivAle sthAnika lekamAM mahattvanuM sthAna dharAve che. vartamAna samayamAM zaivasaMpradAyane lagatAM keTalAMka zaiva tIrtho ane zivAlaya gujarAtamAM mahatvanuM sthAna dharAve che. dA. ta., narmadA kinAre Avela nArezvara, cANoda, karanAlI, sAbarakAMThAmAM Avela bhuvanezvara, aMbAjI pAse Avela keTezvara, amadAvAdanA asAravAmAM Avela nIlakaMTha mahAdeva vagere. Ama, gujarAtamAM nAnAM moTAM aneka zaiva tIrtho AvelAM che. ahIMnAM zivAlayamAM vAratahevAre mAnava maherAmaNa umaTe che. ghaNuM zivAlayomAM SaDapacArI pUjA thAya che. keTalAMka prAcIna zivAlaye apUjya hovAnuM jaNAya che. ghaNuM zivAlayo khaMDita hovA chatAM tenuM mahatva jaLavAI rahyuM che. zaiva dharmanI gujarAtanA samAjajIvana para asara : gujarAtanA samAjajIvanane abhyAsa karatAM jaNAya che ke prAcInakALathI samAjamAM zaivadharmanuM mahatva TakI rahyuM che. samAjamAM vividha jJAtionAM manuSyanAma, sthaLanAma, tahevAro vageremAM zaiva dharmanI asara vartAya che. gujarAtamAM brAhmaNonI vividha jJAtio astitva dharAve che. brAhmaNe vizALa varga zaiva saMpradAyane anuyAyI che. ghaNuM savAramAM nadImAM snAna karIne

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31 hiMdu dhama ane zaiva saMpradAya zivanA liMga para pANI caDhAve che. ghaNA abhiSeka vagere dvArA AjivakA prApta kare che. samAjamAM rudrAbhiSeka, mahAmRtyu jayanA japa, laghurudra vagerenuM mahattva vizeSa che. zrAvaNu mAsamAM zaiva saMpradAyanA dhaNA anuyAyIe upavAsa kare che. abhiSeka laghurudra dvArA ziva stavana kare che. arvAcInakAlamAM lagabhaga tamAma brAhmaNajJAtIo jevI ke nAgara, audIcya, bhArgava, mevADA, rAyakavADa, zrIgADa, anAvalameADha, harasAlA, kaDeliya, kapila, kheDAvADa, nAMdArA vagerenA ISTadeva ziva che. brAhmaNajJAti uparAMta khIjI anya jJAtio jevI ke salATa, seAnI, cAraNa, taragALA vagere zaiva dharmonA anuyAyIe hAya che. dhaNA leAkeA pUjAmAM paMcAyatana devAnI pUjA karatA hoya che. temAM zivanA samAveza thayelA jovA maLe che. kSatriyAmAM ghaNAM kuTu khA zaiva dhama pALe che. prAcInakAlamAM maitrA, caulukayo, cAhamAnava zanA rAjavIe arvAcInakAlamAM IDara, DuMgarapura, TITAI, meDhAsaNu, saurASTranAM rajavADAM, vagere zaiva dharmAMnAM anuyAyI hatAM. keTalAMka nAme jotAM tenA para zaiva dharmonI asara spaSTa vartAya che. samAjamAM ghaNAM pracalita nAmeA upara saiva dharmAMnI asara spaSTa jaNAya che. prAcInakAlanA aneka rAjavIe, dhama guruenAM nAma ziva uparathI paDelAM che. dA. ta., kedAranAtha, tripurAntaka, rudrasiMhaiM, zivadharyAM vagere. brAhmaNAmAM zivanI sAthe joDAyela nAma maLe che. sAmAnya rIte karuNAzaMkara, gaNapatIza Mkara, zaMkaralAla, prANazaMkara, mahAzaMkara, traMbakalAla, vinAyaka, girajAzaMkara, pAva tIzaMkara, AMbAzakara, umAzaMkara vagere nAma vyApaka rIte pracalita che. ghaNAM nAmeAne aMte zaMkara, gaurI zabda vagere lagADavAmAM Ave che. vartamAna samayamAM paNa keTalAMya zaiva nAmeA pracalita che. dA. ta., AsutASa, caMdramauli, harakAnta, maheza, yogendra, gaurI, aparNA, annapUrNA vagere. gujarAtanAM ghaNAM sthaLAnAM nAma zaiva devadevIo parathI paDatyAM hAya tema lAge che. dA. ta., seAmanAtha, haraseAla, khAsaNa, khIlezvara, jhADezvara, thANezvara, bhavanAtha, sta Mbhanakapura vagere. ghaNI brAhmaNa jJAtie bhAjana zarU karatI vakhate harahara mahAdeva'nA pracaMDa nAda kare che. rajapUtA yuddhamAM "harahara mahAdeva"nA mahAnAda karI zatrue upara tUTI paDatA. ghaNA brAhmaNeA peAtAnAM vastro para OM namaH zivAya lakhAvatA hAya che.

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gujarAtanA dhama soMpradAya gujarAtamAM Aje bhAgye ja kAI gAma evuM haze ke jyAM nAnu` mehu zivAlaya jovA na maLe. A zivAlaye sAdAM hAya che. tyAM sAmAnya kakSAnAM zivali MgAnI pratiSThA karela hoya che. tenI sAthe naMdI, gaNeza, hanumAna, bhairava, zItaLAmAtA, vagere devIe pUjAtI hoya che. ghaNAM meTAM zivAlayemAM tenA gavAkSamAM zivanAM raudra ane saumya svarUpAnI pratimAe AvelI jovA maLe che. dA.ta., zAmaLAjInuM maMdira, rudramahAlaya, hATakezvara, bAvakAnu* zaivama Mdira. 32 ghaNAM gAmeAmAM zrAvaNa mAsamAM zivanA jIvana prasaMgAnI kathAvArtA thAya che. keTalAka ThekANe ghInAM liMge, mATInAM liMgA banAvI tenI pUjA thAya che. keTalAMka madirAmAM kaMdAra, amaranAtha jevAM sthaLAnAM dRsyAnu Alekhana karavAmAM Ave che. sAhitya para asara : gujarAtamAM zaiva dharmanI asara samAja ane sthApatya sAthe sAhitya para paNa paDelI jaNAya che. ghaNAM purANeAmAM zaiva saMpradAyane lagatI kathAe jovA maLe che. dA.ta., skaMdapurANa, gujarAtane lagatAM dhaNAM purANA jevAM ke dharmAraNya purANu, sara svatI purANa,sAbhramatI purANa vageremAM zaivItryanuM ane zivAlayAnu vaNu na jANvA maLe che. bhRgu kacchanA jayasiMhasUrie racelA eka nATakamAM chellA aMkamAM zivanu pAtra Ave che. vAghelA samayamAM racAyelA hammIramana nATakamAM nAyaka vIradhavalane zaMbhusAkSAta pragaTa thaI varadAna Ape che tenA ullekha che. caulukanyakAlIna keTalAka zilAlekhA, prazastie, tAmrapatrAmAM zarUAtamAM OM namaH zivAya thI karavAmAM AvI che. keTalAkamAM gaNapatInI ane pAvatInI stuti karavAmAM Avela che. tAmra zAsanAmAM ghaNAM dAna zivAlayane ApyAnA ullekha maLe che. dhaNI sAhityakRtionI zarUAta zivanI stuti karIne karavAmAM Avela che. dA.ta., bilheNu kRta ka su MdarI, kanya seAmezvara racita kIrti kaumudI vagere. tahevArA H samAjamAM sAmAnya rIte ghaNA tahevArA zaiva saMpradAyane anusarIne ujavavAmAM Ave che. dA.ta., mahAzivarAtrI, gaNezacaturthI, gaurIvrata, zrAvaNa mAsa vagere. nAgarAmAM hATakezvaranA utsava vakhate zivaneA varavADA kADhavAmAM Ave che. zivarAtrInA tahevAranA divase aneka gAmeAmAM zivanI pratimAne pAlakhImAM besADI khUba dhAmadhUmathI nagaramAM pheravavAmAM Ave che. keTalIkavAra paMcAMgamAM be ekAdazI AvatAM eka zaiva mAgI kahevAya che tA khIjI vaiSNavamAgI kahevAya che.

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hiMdu dharma ane zaiva saMpradAya mukhaliMga: gujarAtamAMthI zivanAM keTalAMka noMdhapAtra sukhaliMga nIcenA sthaLethI maLI Avela cheH (1) bharUcamAMthI I.sa. nI 3jI-4thI sadInuM manAtuM eka mukhaliMga maLI AvyuM che. vizALa che. jaTAnI gUMthaNI sarasa che. (2) kheDabrahmAmAMthI maLeluM mukhaliMga lagabhaga 5 se.mI. UMcuM che. tene jaTAmukuTa vizALa zailIne che. (3) khaMbhAtamAMthI maLeluM mukhaliMga vizALa ane AkarSaka che. kAna lAMbA che. kuMDala che. mAthe jaTAmukuTa che. (4) zAmaLAjInI dharmazALAnI pAchaLanA bhAgamAMthI eka mukhaliMga maLI Avela che. (5) vaDanagara najIkanuM bANa gaMgAnuM caturmukha liMga madhyakAlIna manAya che. (6) sacInagAma najIka mAMDavInA zivAlayamAMnuM catuskhaliMga madhyakAlanuM manAya che. (3) khaMDosaNa (vIsanagara) zivAlayanuM caturmukhaliMga dasamI sadInuM hovAnuM manAya che. bANaliMga: narmadA taTanA pradezamAMthI maLelA 12, 15, 17, 21 ke 23 AMgaLa sadhInI laMbAInA bANaliMga ahIMnA zivAlayamAM jovA maLe che. gujarAtamAM thAna, galatezvara, aMbAjI pAse kuMbhAriyA, koTezvara, Abu para acalagaDha, prabhAsapATaNa, vaDanagarane hATakezvara mahAdeva vagerenAM bANaliMga mahavanAM che. gujarAtamAM zivanAM keTalAMka pracalita svarUpe: gujarAtamAM zivanAM nIcenA svarUpa ghaNuM jANItAM che. (1) gajAsura saMhAraka : dhoLakAnA aMbAjI mAtAnA maMdiramAM gajAsura saMhArakanI eka aSTabhUja ane traNa mukhavALI mUrti AvelI che. vaccenuM mukha raudra, jamaNI bAjunuM saumya ane DAbI bAjunuM vAma mukha spaSTa dekhAya che. sAthe jaTAmukuTa che. kaMThahAra, valayamekhalA, Adi alaMkAro dhAraNa karelAM che. jamaNA uparanA hAthamAM gaja-mastaka DAbI bAjunA hAthamAM gaja-carmanA paga che, be hAtha jamaNuM ane eka DAbo hAtha khaMDita che. bAkInA jamaNuM hAthamAM trizala ane DAbA hAthamAM trizala, gu. 3

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34 gujarAtanA dhama za`pradAya kapAla che. trizUlathI vIdhAyela a MdhakAsura jovA maLe che. A pratimAnI U McAI lagabhaga 82 se.mI. che ane paheALAI lagabhaga 33 se.mI. che. A pratimA seAla kI yuganI hoya tema jaNAya che. (2) tripurAntaka : tripurAntaka zivanI eka pratimA gujarAta-saurASTanA ji. bhAvanagaranA dhUmalI (bhUtAMgalikA) pAsethI TekarI upara celezvaranA kha MDita maMdiramAM jovA maLe che. AvI khIjI eka pratimA sUNuka(ji. mahesANA)nA nIlakaMTha mahAdevanA madiramAM AvelI che. (3) umA-mahezvaranI yugala pratimAo : zivanA A svarUpanI pratimAe gujarAtamAMthI ghaNe ThekALethI maLe che. dA.ta., kAravaNu, kapUrAI, TITAI, sAmanAtha, bharUca, khaMbhAta, mADherA, pATaNa, siddhapura, DabhAI, rADA vagere. AmAM umA maheza(ziva)nA kheALAmAM beThelAM darzAvela che. (4) kirAtArjunIya svarUpaH arjunanA baLanI kaseATI karavA zive dhAraNa karelA kirAtanA svarUpanI pratimA, kherALu tAlukAnA maMdapura gAmanA dudhezvara mahAdevanA maMDAvaranI chAja (chata)mAM AvelI che. (5) haurava mUrti : A zivanuM raudra svarUpa che. A svarUpanI pratimAe kakhAI (cANasmA pAse), khaMDeAsaNa (vIsanagara) pAsethI maLe che. A pratimA caturbhUja ane nama svarUpe che. mahAkAla svarUpa : A svarUpanI pratimA meADherAnA sUryamaMdiranA praveza dvAranI uttare Avela che. A kAlabhairavanA svarUpa tarIke eLakhAya che. vIrabhadra : zivanuM A eka raudra svarUpa che. A svarUpanI pratimA zAmaLAjImAM trileAkInAthanA maMdiramAM jovA maLe che.

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hiMdu dharma ane zaiva saMpradAya dakSiNAmUrti svarUpa A yoga abhyAsI ane mekSa mArganuM sAcuM svarUpa che. tenA cAra prakAra cheH yegAsana, vINAdhara,jJAnamUrti, vyAkhyAnamUrti. A svarUpanI pratimA cANoda ane pATaNamAMthI maLe che. vyAkhyAna mUrtinI pratimA pAvAgaDhanA lakulIzanA maMdiramAM Avela che. lakulIzaH zivanuM A svarUpa ghaNuM prAcIna che. tenI eka pratimA kAyAvarohaNa tIrthamAMthI maLelI te hAla vaDodarA myujhiyamamAM che. pratimA dvibhuja che. bIjI eka pratimA gAmamAM lakulezvaranA maMdiramAM che, tathA bIjI eka hAlamAM navA baMdhAyelA maMdiramAM che. A uparAMta bIjI be pratimAo, pAvAgaDhanA lakulIzanA maMdiramAM jovA maLe che. pratimA caturbhuja che. eka pratimA bharUca pAsenA kAvi gAmamAM che. pratimA suMdara che. khaMbhAtanI pAse Avela menapura gAmanA harihara mahAdevamAMthI zivanA lakulIza svarUpanI eka sevya pratimA maLela che. liMga upara lakulIzanI padmAsanastha pratimA kaMDArela che. ardhanArIzvaraH A zivazaktinuM saMjita svarUpa che. umA-mahezanuM eka svarUpa che. A svarUpanI pratimA roDAnA zivamaMdiranA samUhanA naM. 3nA zivAlayanA dvArazAkha upara jovA maLe che. pratimA caturbhuja che. uparanA jamaNA hAthamAM trizala ane DAbA hAthamAM darpaNa che bAkInA be hAthamAM akSasUtra ane kamaMDala che. tribhaMga avasthAmAM che. AvI ja eka pratimA pATaNamAMthI maLela che. hAla e prinsa opha vasa myujhiyama muMbaImAM che. tene jamaNo bhAga puruSane ane DAbo bhAga strIne che. A eka suMdara kASTa pratimA che. naTarAja : naTarAjanAM svataMtra maMdire gujarAtamAMthI maLatAM nathI. paNa tenI pratimAo kasarA, gorAda, vIratA, siddhapura, pATaNa, prabhAsa pATaNa vagere sthaLethI maLe che. harihara : A ziva ane viSNunuM saMyukta svarUpa che. dakSiNa bAjue ziva ane DAbI bAjue viSNu batAvavAmAM Ave che. A svarUpanI eka pratimA visanagaramAMthI maLe che.

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gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya - harihara pitAmaha: viSNu, ziva, brahmAnA saMyukta svarUpane harihara pitAmaha svarUpa kahe che. gujarAtamAMthI zivanA A svarUpanI pratimA uMjhA, thAna ane kasarAmAMthI maLe che. harihara pitAmahAI: viSaNu, ziva, brahmA ane sUryanA saMyukta svarUpane harihara pitAmahAka kahe che. A svarUpanI pratimA gujarAtamAMthI delamAla, pATaNa, pAvAgaDhanA lakulIzanA maMdiranI jhaMghAmAMthI maLe che. A uparAMta ziva parivAranI keTalIka pratimAo jevI ke pArvatI, gaNapati, kArtikeya vagerenI pratimAo nAnAM moTAM aneka zivAlayamAMthI maLI Ave che. saMdarbha graMtha (1) Da. ha. gaM. zAstrI. gujarAtane prAcIna itihAsa (2) pro. 2. che. parIkha ane gujarAtane rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika Da. ha. ga. zAstrI itihAsa-graM. 2, mauryakAlathI guptakAla, graMtha 3, maitrakakAla ane anumaitrakakAla, graMtha 4, selaMkIkAla (3) Do. bhAratIbena zelata bhAratIya saMskAra (4) De. je. pI. amIna zaiva dharmane saMgama ane vikAsa (5) zrI. du. ke zAstrI (1) zaiva dharmane saMkSipta ItihAsa (2) gujarAtanAM tIrthasthAne

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29) vaiSNava soMpradAya bhAratanA dhArmi ka itihAsa jotAM jaNAya che ke bhAratamAM bhakti mAnI paraMparA, zaiva ane vaiSNava saMpradAya e be mukhya dhArAomAM TakI rahI che. bhAratamAM bhaktinA udaya kayArathI thayA te ceAkkasapaNe kahI zakAtu nathI. keTalAka pazcimanA vidvAnAe evA mata vahetA mUkayo hatA ke bhAratamAM bhaktinA pracAra khristI dharmanI asara nIce thayeA paNa jema jema ApaNA zAstra gra thAnA abhyAsa thayA, tema tema jANavA maLyuM che ke bhaktinAM mULa vedamAM rahelAM hatAM. vaLI, vedakAla pahelAMnI sauMskRti haDappA, meAMhe-jo daDA, leAthala vagere sthaLAethI je avazeSa prApta thayA che, e jotAM kahI zakAya ke prAcInakAlamAM prajAmAM devapUjA, pazupUjA, prakRtipUjA pracAramAM haze. keTalAka vidvAneA bhaktinA udaya li MgapUjA sAthe joDI de che. paraMtu bhaktineA saMbaMdha prema sAthe che. bhaktinA saMbaMdha manuSyanA hRdaya sAthe che. devanI prAnA paNa manuSya kevaLa bhayathI karateA nathI, para Mtu premathI kare che. vaidanI saMhitAomAM agni, Indra, varuNu, pRthvI, azvine, mitra, uSA vagere devadevIone uddezIne karAyelI prArthanAomAM ApaNane bhAratIya bhaktinuM prathama pagathiyuM jovA maLe che. vaidanI devaSTimAM devanA saMbaMdha kuTu Mba bhAvathI joDavAmAM Avye che. devane pitA, mAtA, sakhA, pati vagere kuTu khabhAvathI bhajavAmAM Ave che. brAhmaNa graMthAmAM yajJanI bhAvanA dvArA deza pratyenI bhakti pragaTa karavAmAM Ave che. upaniSadezamAM IzvaranI saguNa ane nirguNa bhakti jovA maLe che. zvetAdvaita upaniSadamAM spaSTa kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke IzvaranI bhakti e manuSya mATenuM meAkSanuM sAdhana che. upaniSada sAhityamAM bhakti zabda zraddhAnA amAM vadhAre vaparAyele jovA maLe che. bhakti zabda "mana" dhAtu sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve che. ane tenA artha kAInA Azraya levA evA thAya che. vikhyAta vyAkaraNakAra pANinI peAtAnA sUtramAM bhaktinA artha Azraya levA'ne cAhavu" evA kare che.' Ama, bhakti zabdamAM Azraya ane prema e e bAbata rahelI che.

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ra8 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya vaiSNava saMpradAyanA pAyAmAM viSNu bhagavAnanI bhakti rahelI che ema kahI zakAya. RgredamAM ApaNane viSNune ullekha jovA maLe che viSNune RdamAM sUryanA eka svarUpa tarIke oLakhavAmAM Avela che. viSNu zabda saMskRta dhAtu "viza" eTale pravezavuM parathI banyo che. jagatamAM pravezIne prakAzanuM paramAtmAnuM svarUpa te viSNu bhAratamAM viSNupUjane saMpradAyanuM svarUpa paurANika yugamAM ja maLyuM ema kahI zakAya. zilAlekhene purA ApaNane bhAratIya yavana elacI hiloDerasane maLe che. A elacIe vaiSNava dharma svIkAryo hato ane bhagavAna vAsudevanA mAnamAM besanagara AgaLa eka garuDa staMbha Ubho karyo hato. mahAbhAratanA nArAyaNa parvamAM ApaNane A saMpradAyanuM asala svarUpa jovA maLe che. A parvamAM nAradamuni bhagavAna nArAyaNa pAse jAya che, tyAre bhagavAnane upAsanAmAM beThelA jue che. A joIne nArada pUche ke Apa pote paramAtmA hovA chatAM keAnI upAsanA kare che ? nAradanA praznanA uttaramAM bhagavAne kahyuM ke, "huM pote mArI prakRtinI upAsanA karuM chuM. te sata ane asatanI janmadAtA che." mahAbhAratanA eka prakaraNu bhagavadgItAmAM te bhakti bhArobhAra jovA maLe che. jJAnane karma karatAM paNa, gItA e bhaktiyoga zAstra che ema kahevuM vadhAre yogya che. " vaiSNava saMpradAyanuM mULa nAma "pAMcarAtra saMpradAya hatuM. e saMpradAyane vyavasthita karavAnuM mAna rAmAnujane prApta thAya che. A pAMcarAtra saMpradAya e paurANika yuga jeTaluM prAcIna che. A saMpradAyanuM mULa bhagavaddagItAmAM che. A saMpradAyamAM zarUAtamAM vAsudeva pUjA pracalita hatI. vAsudeva pUjA eTale kRSNapUjA. kRSNa keNa hatA ? teo Arya ke anArya ? teo atihAsika vyakti hatA ke kAlpanika ? teo gopa hatA ke kSatriya ? vagere prazno Aja dina sudhI carcAtA rahyA che. rAmAnujanA saMpradAyamAM vAsudeva pUjA jovA maLe che. AgaLa jatAM temAMthI kRSNapUja, rAdhAkRSNapUjA, viSNupUjA, ane viSNunA avatAronI pUjA pracAramAM AvelI che ema kahI zakAya. vaiSNava saMpradAyamAM jJAna ke karma karatAM premabhAvane vadhAre mahattva ApavAmAM AvyuM che. mekSa karatAM paNa IzvaranI bhakti para vadhAre bhAra mUkavAmAM Ave che. narasiMha mahetA eka padamAM kahe che ke "harinA jana to mukti na mAge, mAge janmajanma avatAra re." pAchaLanA AcAryo ne saMtoe bhaktirasanI AsapAsa pitAne saMpradAya calAvyo hato. vaiSNava dharmane itihAsa jotAM

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zaiNava saMpradAya kahI zakIe ke bhaktirasamAMthI zRMgArarasane temAMthI kayAreka vilAsa janmyo che. devadAsI saMpradAya Ane namUne che. guptarAjavIoe vaiSNava dharmane rAjyAzraya A hoI te jamAnAmAM A saMpradAya pUrNapaNe vikasyo hato. guptarAjavIo potAne "parama bhAgavata" tarIke oLakhAve che. prAcIna vedadharmanI asara nIce Akho samAja yajJayAga ane karmakAMDathI raMgAyelo hato, tyAre vyavahAru bodha ApavAnuM kArya vaiSNava saMpradAye karyuM. bIjA koI paNa saMpradAya karatAM A saMpradAya sAmAnya janatAmAM vadhu prasiddhi pAmyo che. A prasiddhinAM keTalAMka kAraNe nIce pramANe tAravI zakAya : (1) A saMpradAyamAM eka ja IzvaranI kalpanA karelI heI judA judA devonI upAsanA karavA karatAM, eka ja devanuM zaraNuM levuM janatAne vadhAre , anukuLa lAgyuM. A deva potAnA kuTuMbIjana jevo hovAthI, tenA tarapha leke vadhAre AdarabhAvathI jevA lAgyA. A deva bhagavAnanA nAme oLakhAvA lAgyA. bhagavAna eTale jenAmAM vIrya, azvarya, bala vagere sadaguNe che te. zakti pramANe A bhagavAnanI bhakti thaI zake che. (2) bhagavAnanI bhakti A saMpradAyamAM aneka rIte upadezavAmAM AvI che. bhaktinA nava prakAromAMne eka Atmanivedanane prakAra, A saMpradAyamAM ghaNo ja pracalita pAme che. bhagavAnane zaraNe potAnuM sarvasva sAMpI daIne AkhuM jIvana bhagavAnanI bhaktimAM gALavuM tene Atmanivedanano prakAra kahe che. narasiMha, mIrAM, sUradAsa vageree A prakAranI bhakti karI hatI. (3) vaLI, A saMpradAyamAM eka evI mAnyatA pravarte che ke, jo tame tamAruM sarvasva bhagavAnanA caraNamAM samarpaNa kare, te bhagavAna tamane madada kya vinA raheto nathI. ahIM aneka saMtene A prakAranI madada maLI hovAnI kathAo pracalita che. (4) A saMpradAyamAM gUDha tavajJAnane avakAza na hovAthI, temaja aTapaTIvidhio na hovAthI, abhaNa ane ochuM bhaNelI prajA mATe kevaLa bhakti paramAtmAne pAmavA mATenuM vadhAre saraLa sAdhana banyuM. (5A saMpradAyamAM bhagavAna viSNunA avatAronI vAta pratiSThita thayelI jovA maLe che. bhagavadgItAmAM kahyuM che ke "jyAre jyAre pRthvI upara pApa vadhI jAya che, dharmane nAza thAya che tyAre tyAre pApIenA vinAza mATe ane saMta puruSanA rakSaNa mATe bhagavAna avatAra dhAraNa kare che. bhAgavato bhagavAnanA avatAremAM khUba khUba zraddhA dharAve che.

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. gujarAtanA dhama soMpradAya samaya jatAM A saMpradAyamAM paNa vividha vicArasaraNIne lIdhe vividha zAkhAe paDI gaI. dhIre dhIre te paNu svataMtra saMpradAya tarIke eLakhAvA lAgI. A zAkhAe (1) zrIsaMpradAya, (2) nimbArka saMpradAya, (3) madhva saMpradAya, (4) puSTi saMpradAya, (5) caitanya sa MpradAya, (6) udbhava athavA svAmInArAyaNa saMpradAya. vagere nAme pracalita banI. A sarvemAM puSTi saMpradAya ane svAmInArAyaNu saMpradAyanA pracAra gujarAtamAM vyApaka pramANamAM thayA che. gujarAtamAM vaiSNava dharmanA prasAraH *. mahAbhAratamAM jANavA pramANe bhagavAna kRSNa mathurA che|DI yAdavA sAthe dvArakA AvyA tevA ullekha che. jo AmAM atihAsika satya hoya teA lagabhaga echAmAM ochA traNa hajAra varSa pUrve bhagavAna vAsudevanA anuyAyIe dvArakAnI AsapAsanA Anarta nAme eALakhAtA pradezamAM rahetA heAvA joIe. paNa eTalA jUnA kALamAM e pradezamAM vAsudevanA anuyAyIe rahetA hovAnA kAI purAvA maLatA nathI. pUrvakAlIna purANAmAM paNa dvArakAnA vaiSNava dhAma tarIke ullekha jaNAtA nathI, eTaluM ja kahI zakAya ke kRSNanA samayamAM dvArakAmAM vaiSNava dharmAM pracalita thayA haze, pazu kRSNanA mRtyu bAda yAvAnI sAthe jema dvArakAnA nAza thaye tema A vaiSNava dharmAMnA paNa aMta AvyeA haze. prAcInakAla gujarAtamAM vaiSNava dharmanA prasAranA cokkasa purAvA skaMdaguptanA giranAranA lekhamAMthI maLe che. guptava zanA rAjavIe peAtAne parama bhAgavata' kahevaDAvatA. tee bhAgavata sa MpradAyanA anuyAyI hovAthI saMbhava che ke temaNe peAtAnA rAjyamAM bhAgavata dharmanA pracAra karyAM hoya. giranAranA gupta saM. 137 (I.sa. 456)nA ska MdaguptanA lekhamAM lekhanI zarUAta viSNunA vAmana avatAranI stutithI karela che. temAM skaMdaguptanA rAjyapAla paNu dattanA putra cakrapAlite cakradhara(viSNu)nuM maMdira sudarzana taLAvanI pALa upara baMdhAvyAnA ullekha maLe che. gujarAtamAM A sauthI paheluM viSNunu maMdira haze. guptakAlamAM ane te pachInA samayamAM viSNupUjAnA pracAra dhIre dhIre vadhavA lAgyo. dhIre dhIre gujarAtamAM vaiSNava dhama nAM madirA anyatra badhAyAM haraze, paNa tenA UI avazeSo ke sAhityika ullekhA maLatA nathI. prabhAsamAM je sthAne kRSNane bhIlanuM khANu vAgyuM hatu, .te dehAtsaga tItha (bhAlakAtI) ane sa Mgama tI ghaNAM prAcIna hovAM joIe, paNa tenI prAcInatAnA kAI spaSTa purAvA maLatA nathI,

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vaiSaNava saMpradAya paNa AvA ja prakAranA eka vaiSNava maMdira bhalIgRhane ulekha jaina Agama graMthAmAMthI maLe che. tyAM bhalI-bANathI viMdhAyela pagavALA vAsudevanI mUrti hatI. potAnI sAthe bharukacchathI dakSiNApatha tarapha jatA eka jaina sAdhue eka bhAgavatane e batAvI hatI. A bhalIgRha bharUcathI dakSiNa patha javAnA mArga upara Avela kasuMbAraNamAM hatuM tevo ullekha che. A kausuMbAraNya te hAlanA kosaMbA AsapAsane pradeza haze. A uparathI ema lAge che ke guptakAlamAM anyatra vaiSNava maMdire baMdhAyAM haze paNa tenA koI purAvA hAlamAM maLatA nathI. guptakAla daramiyAna gujarAtamAM pracalita thayela bhAgavata dharma maitrakakAla daramiyAna astitvamAM hatA. maitrakane kuladharma "mAhezvara" hovA chatAM maitraka rAjavI dhruvasena 1le pote "parama bhAgavata' hatA. gArulaka vaMzanA rAjavIo bhAgavata saMpradAyanA hatA. emanA kuLanI utpattine viSNunA vAhana garUDa sAthe sAMkaLavAmAM Ave che. dakSiNa gujarAtamAM zaikUTavaMzanA rAjavIo bhAgavata dharma pALatA hatA. Ama chatAM zaiva saMpradAyanI sarakhAmaNIe bhAgavata dharmane pracAra ghaNo ocho hatA. maitraka rAjavIonA dAnazAsanamAM bhAgavata saMpradAyanA keI devasthAnane dAna apAyAne ulekha maLato nathI. saindhava vaMzanA gu. sa. 555 (I.sa. 74-75)nA dAnazAsanamAM pazcima saurASTramAM Avela hari, hara, sUryane mAtAnA maMdirane ullekha Ave che. saurASTranA prAcIna maMdiranA avazeSomAM somanAtha pATaNanI pAse AvelA kadavAra gAmanuM prAcIna maMdira spaSTataH bhAgavata dharmanuM maiitrakakAlIna maMdira hovAnuM jaNAya che. emAM hAlamAM kevaLa varAhanI pratimA jovA maLe che. paNa saMbhava che ke mukhya maMdiramAM viSNunA dasa avatAronI pratimAo haze. varAhanI mUrtinI AsapAsa viSaNunA dasa avatAronI pratimAo kaMDArela che. temAM vAsudeva kRSNane samAveza thato nathI. maitrakakAlIna eka prazastimAM viSNu bhagavAna ane emanA keTalAka avatAro khAsa karIne varAha, vAmana ane kRSNane lagatA aneka ulalekha Ave che. viSNune lagatA ullekhomAM lakSmI, sudarzana cakra, gadA, zAMga, padma, kaustubhamaNi, garUDa ne jalasaiyAne.-ullekha che. emAM viSNunAM upendra, nArAyaNa, puruSottama, janArdana vagere nAma Apela che. e kAlanA brAhmaNomAM viSNu, kezava ne zrIdhara jevAM nAma jovA maLe che. bIjI eka prazastimAM narasiMha avatArane ullekha Ave che. zrIkRSNAvatArane lagatA ulemAM zrIkRSNa karelI dvArakA prAptina, kRSNanI bAlakrIDAnA, gorakSA arthe karelA gorvadhana dhAraNane, kAlIyamardana vagerene lagatA ulekho Ave che. AThamA satakanI elarAnI guphAomAM govardhana dhAraNa ane kAlIyamadananAM zi95 kotarAyela che. A samaye racAyela jinasena sUrinA harivaMzapurANamAM zrIkRSNanI bALalIlAnuM varNana Apela che. A

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42 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya uparAMta I.sa.nI AThamI sadImAM zrImALanA kavi mAghe zizupAlavadha nAmanuM kAvya racyuM. temAM kRSNabhakti ane vaiSNava saMpradAyanI asara vartAya che. Ama, maitrakakALa daramyAna vaiSNava saMpradAya gujarAtamAM pracalita hatA te uparanA ullekho parathI spaSTa thAya che. maitrakakAlIna vaNava saMpradAya bhAgavata mata anusAra hato. e saMpradAyanA rAjAo spaSTata: pitAne parama bhAgavata' kahevaDAvatA. parama bhAgavata eTale bhAgavatanA parama upAsaka. A samaye vAsudeva saMpradAya bhAgavata saMpradAya tarIke oLakhAvA lAgyo hato. vAsudeva eTale yadukuLanA vRSNi kuTuMbamAM janmelA vAsudevanA putra kRSNa. viSNupurANa je I.sa. 600 nI AsapAsamAM racAyuM che temAM kRSNanI rAsakrIDAne ullekha che. e maitrakakAlIna vaiSNava saMpradAyanI kaMIka aMze jhAMkhI karAve che. A samaye bhAgavata saMpradAyane prasiddha dvAdazAkSarI maMtra " nA mate vAyuvaya" pracalita hoya tema jaNAya che. solaMkIkAla: - I.sa.nA AraMbha pahelAMnA cAra zatake daramyAna bhAratamAM prasarela vaiSNava saMpradAya maitrakakAlamAM gujarAtamAM astitva dharAvato hato. I.sa.nA cethA zatakathI agiyAramA sataka sudhImAM porANika vaSNava dharma kRSNa bAlacarita, rAdhAkRSNa pUjA ane dazAvatAranI mAnyatA vagere sAthe gujarAtamAM vyApaka pramANamAM prasaryo hateA. solaMkIkALa daramyAna vaiSNava saMpradAya gujarAtamAM ThIka ThIka pramANamAM pracalita thayo. tenA aneka ullekho maLe che. - pATaNa pAse AvelA kasarA gAmamAM Avela trimUrtine maMdiramAM uttara taraphanuM maMdira viSNunuM hovAnuM jaNAya che. maMdiranI dIvAlomAM garUDa, varAha, vAmana ane lakSmInArAyaNanI mUrtio che. A maMdira vi. saM. 1026 (I.sa. 976)nI AsapAsamAM racAyeluM hovAnuM anumAna che. A pachInA zatakamAM racAyela delamAlanA lImbAjI mAtAnA maMdiranI pUrvamAM Avela eka maMdiranI dIvAla upara garuDa upara beThela viSNunI mUrti jovA maLe che. | vi. saM. 1085 (I.sa. 1026-27)nI AsapAsa baMdhAyelA maDherAnA sUryamaMdira AgaLanA kuMDamAM viSNunI zeSayAyI pratimA che. vi. saM. 1096(I.sa. 1040)nA siddharAja jayasiMhanA lekhamAM lakheluM che ke "siddharAja jayasiMhanA senApatie genganArAyaNanuM maMdira baMdhAvyuM hatuM.

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auNava saMpradAya sarasvatI purANamAM sahastraliMga taLAva upara dazAvatAranuM maMdira hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che. dhoLakAmAM AvelA lakSmInArAyaNanA maMdiramAM caturbhuja eka prAcIna pratimA che tenA upara vi. saM. 1266 (I.sa. 1210)ne lekha katarela che. bhImadeva bIjAnA samayamAM vi.saM. 1273(I.sa 1277)mAM racAyela zrIdharanI devapaTTaNa prazastimAM zrIdhare pitAnI mAtAnA smaraNArthe murAripu(murAri viSNu)nuM ane rohiNIsvAmI nAmanuM maMdira baMdhAvyuM hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che. bhImadeva 2 jAnA samaya daramyAna racAyela eka saMvata vagaranA lekhamAM jagadeve bhImadeva bIjAne madada karyAnuM tathA viSNupUjAne pracAra karyAnuM jaNAvyuM che. kavi somezvarakRta kIti kaumudImAM pATaNanA sarovarane kAMThe cAra hajAra hara ane upendra (viSNu)nA maMdira hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che. porabaMdara pAse harasiddhi mAtAnA maMdiramAMthI valabhI saM. 927 (vi. saM. 1302-I.sa. 1246)nA lekhamAM gAralaka jAtInA zreSThI mUlage somanAthamAM pUjA mATe govardhananI mUrti karAvyAne ulekha che. vi.saM. 1317(I.sa 1261)nA vIsaladevanA lekhamAM ballAlanArAyaNa ane rUpanArAyaNa maMdirano ullekha che. - vi.saM. 1320 (I.sa. 1264)nA arjunadevanA kAMTelAnA lekhamAM jaNAvyuM che ke "saurASTranA adhikArI sAmaMtasiMhe potAnA moTAbhAInA zreyArthe salakSa nArAyaNanuM maMdira baMdhAvI revatIkuMDamAM gaNeza, viSNu, kSetrapAla, sUrya, revatI, balarAma vagerenI mUrtio sthApI hatI". vi. saM. 1348(I.sa. 1292)nA sAraMgadevanA anAvaDAnA lekhamAM pethaDe zrIkRSNanI mUrtipUjA pAse naivedya ane nATaya prayogo mATe dAna ApyAno ullekha che. A lekhanI zarUAta gItagoviMdanA veDhAnudvate namAnita ghare mUmAmudrivrate nAmanA zralokathI karavAmAM Avela che. - vaDanagaranA pUrva taraphanA daravAjA bahAra AvelA prAcIna maMdiranA eka dvAra upara varAha ane vAmananI mUrtio kotarelI che. A maMdira teramA saikAnI zarUAtamAM baMdhAyela hevAnuM anumAna che. rasaprakAza sudhAkara nAmanA vidaka graMthanA kartA yazodhara teramA zatakamAM jUnAgaDhamAM thaI gayA. temaNe potAnA pitA padmanAbhane "viSNu padAraviMda-ratikRta" evuM vizeSaNa lagADyuM che. - - uparanAM sarva pramANe parathI jaNAya che ke solaMkIkALa daramyAna gujarAtamAM paurANika vaiSNava dharma pracalita hato. A samaye gujarAtamAM gIta goviMda kAvya

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44. gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya ghaNuM ja lokapriya banyuM hoya tema jaNAya che. A samaye rAdhA ane kRSNanI pratimA pUjAtI hovAnA kaI ulalekho upalabdha nathI, paNa kRSNajIvananA prasaMgenAM zilpo, kAlIyamardana, govardhana dhAraNanAM zilpo vagere, Abu ane temanAthanAM maMdiranI chatamAMthI maLe che. A samayanAM viSaNu maMdiramAM viSNu ane kRSNa pratimAo savizeSa jovA maLe che. sAraMgadeva e viziSTa vaiSNava nAma che. samAjamAM vaiSNava saMpradAyanI vyApaka asara najare paDe che. A uparAMta kRSNanA vividha jIvana prasaMgonAM zilpa selaMkIkAlanAM devAlamAM najare paDe che. rAdhAkRSNanI lIlAnAM bahusaMkhya kavitvamaya varNane samakAlIna saMskRta prAkRta ane aprazaMza sAhityamAM jovA maLe che. dvArakA A samaye mahatvanuM tIrthadhAma banyuM hatuM. salatanatakAla : caudamA saikAmAM gujarAtamAM muslima sattAnI sthApanA thatAM cAre bAju avyavasthA phelAI. dhArmika atyAcAro vadhyA. aneka hiMdumaMdirane nAza thaye, tema chatAM vaiSNava dharma tenI lokapriyatA gumAvI na hatI. vi.saM. 143 (I.sa. 1381)nA dhamalajanA viSNu gayA nAmanA taLAva pAsethI maLelA lekhamAM viSNunI stutithI AraMbha karavAmAM Ave che. dhaMdhusara pAsenI hari vAvanI vi.saM. 1445(I.sa. 1389)nI prazastimAM jalazAyI viSNunI stutithI AraMbha karela che. vi.saM. 1456(I.sa. 1400)nA pATaDImAMthI maLelA eka lekhamAM eka karNa rAjAne "haribhakti parAyaNa" kahyA che. bIjA eka lekhamAM maMtrIne viSNubhakta kahyo che. jUnAgaDhane mahIpAla deva viSNupUjana karato hato tevo ullekha che. bIjA keTalAka lekhomAM "raNachoDajInI caraNasevAne prasAda", satyazrI raNachoDa, jevA ullekha maLe che. vi.saM. 1469(I.sa. 1413)mAM siMhAraNya munie racela viSNubhakti codaya nAmanA lekhanI hastaprata pATaNamAMthI maLI che. temAM sAmAnya paurANika viSNubhaktinuM nirUpaNa kareluM che. amadAvAdanI uttare AvelI aDAlajanI vAvanA lekhamAM rAjA mokalasiMhane bhAgavata pradhAna tarIke oLakhAvela che. - mahuvAnA lakSmInArAyaNanA maMdiramAMthI vi. saM. 1580(I.sa 1444)nA maLelA lekhamAM eka zreSThIe vAva karAvI temAM lakSmI sahita zeSazAyI viSNunI

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haSNava saMpradAya 4ipa pratimA padharAvyAne ulekha che. A vAva baMdhAvanAranA kuLamAM aneka vaiSNava bhakto thayAnA ullekho A lekhamAM che. dhoLakAnI vAvamAM paNa zeSazAyI viSNunI pratimA padharAvyAne ulekha che. vi. saM. 1473(I. sa. 1417)nA junAgaDhanA revatIkuMDa uparanA saMskRta lekhamAM navanIta cora dAmodaranI stutithI zarUAta karela che. uparanA sarva ulekho parathI saltanatakAla daramyAna dhArmika saMdharSa cAlate hevA chatAM vaiSNava saMpradAya jIvaMta hato ema spaSTa jaNAya che. A samayanI viSNunI je pratimAo prApta thaI che te moTA bhAge viSNunA trivikrama svarUpanI hovAnuM jaNAyuM che. mughalakAla: paMdaramA saikAnA aMta sudhImAM gujarAtamAM vaiSNava dharma vyApaka rIte vistaryo hato. A saikAnA aMtamAM gujarAtamAM vaiSNava dharmane judA judA saMpradAyo jevAke rAmAnuja saMpradAya, nimbArka saMpradAya, mava saMpradAya, rAdhAsvAmI saMpradAya, vallabhAcArya saMpradAya, svAmInArAyaNa saMpradAya vagere astitvamAM hatA. A sarvemAM paMdaramI sadI pachI vallabhAcAryanA puSTi saMpradAyane gujarAtamAM sAro vikAsa thayA. Aje gujarAtanA aneka gAmomAM vallabhalAlajI ane viThThalanAthajInAM maMdire jovA maLe che. A sAthe marAThAkAlamAM svAmInArAyaNa saMpradAyane dhIre dhIre pracAra zarU thayo. mughalakAla pachInA samayamAM vaiSNava dharmane judA judA saMpradAyone pracAra vadhe. eka bAju puSTimArga saMpradAya vikasavA lAge, to bIjI bAju sahajAnaMda svAmIe svAmInArAyaNa saMpradAya dvArA gujarAtanA dhArmika jIvanamAM cetana ANyuM. marAThI sattAnA aMta samayamAM gujarAtamAM keLa, kAThI, garAsiyA vagere lUMTaphATane dhaMdhe AdarI beThA hatA tyAre temaNe potAnI pratIbhA ane upadezathI prajAmAM zuravIratA, bhakti, sadAcAra vagere guNe vikasAvI nIcalA tharanA lekone AdarzajIvanane mArga cIM. temaNe vizuddha bhAgavata dharmanI punaH sthApanA karI hiMsAmaya yajJo baMdha karAvyA. vyasanI ane pAkhaMDI sAdhusamAjane sevAbhAvI ane cAritryavAna banAvyA. samAjamAM naitika jIvananI sthApanA karI. vAva, taLAva, kUvA vagere khodAvI lokakalyANanAM kAryo -AraMbhyAM vaDatAla, gaDhaDA vagere svAmInArAyaNa saMpradAyanAM noMdhapAtra tIrthadhAmo banyAM.

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- gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya puSTi saMpradAyane pracAra vyApaka sate vistaryo. Thera Thera puSTi saMpradAyanAM havelI maMdire astitvamAM AvyAM. vallabhAcAryanI beThakenuM mahatva vaNamAM vadhyuM. DAkora, zAmaLAjI, dvArakA jevAM vaiSNava saMpradAyanAM tIrthadhAmo vadhAre kapriya banyAM. A tIrthonI mulAkAte dareka saMpradAyanA leke AvavA lAgyA. arvAcIna yugamAM vaiSNava saMpradAya vyApaka pramANamAM vistarelo che. paNa samAja uparathI saMpradAyanI pakaDa DhIlI paDI gaI che. AcAra-vicAramAM rUDhicUstatA jovA maLatI nathI. samAja parathI sAMpradAyika asara dhIre dhIre nAbUda thatI jAya che. tema chatAM gujarAtanAM aneka gAmo jevAM ke meDAsA, luNAvADA, godharA, vADAzinera, vIrapura, devagaDha bAriyA, dAhoda, jhAloda, naDiyAda, sUrata temaja saurASTramAM piorabaMdara, gheDa mAdhavapuranI AsapAsanA vistAramAM tathA kacchamAM vasatI bhATiyA kemamAM puSTi saMpradAyanI asara vyApaka pramANamAM vartAya che. bhAratanA caturdhAmAM gujarAtanA dvArakAtIrthane samAveza thAya che. gujarAtanA mukhya tIrthadhAmamAM dvArakA uparAMta DAkorane samAveza thAya che. jagadguru zaMkarAcAryanA cAra pIThamAMnI eka pITha dvArakAmAM sthapAyelI che. te paNa e vaiSNava tIrthane bhArata vyApI mahimA darzAve che. gujarAtamAM pracalita vaiSNava saMpradAye paMdaramI sadI pachI gujarAtamAM vividha prakAranA vaiSNava saMpradAyone pracAra vaze. temaNe vaiSNava dharmanI paurANika bhaktinuM svarUpa badalI nAkhyuM. dareka saMpradAye potAnuM AgavuM tattva vaiSNava dharmamAM dAkhala karyuM. AvA saMpradAya nIce pramANenA cheH (1) rAmAnuja saMpradAyaH rAmAnuja saMpradAya vaiSNava saMpradAyanI eka noMdhapAtra zAkhA hovA chatAM prAcIna kALamAM tene pracAra gujarAtamAM thayo hoya tevA pramANabhUta AdhAre maLatA nathI. paNa A saMpradAyanAM cAraso-pAMcaso varSa upara lakhAyelA graMtha gujarAtamAMthI maLyA che. A uparAMta A saMpradAyane pracAra gujarAtamAM arvAcInakAlamA hovAno saMbhava che. I. sa. 1872nA vastIpatrakamAM gujarAtamAM lagabhaga 11lAkha rAmAnujI vaiSNavo nAMdhAyA che. AmAM rAmAnaMdI, rAmasnehI ane anya rAmabhaktone samAveza thayo hovAne saMbhava che. vIsamI sadInI zarUAtamAM saurASTranA bIlakhA, jUnAgaDha vagere keTalAMka gAmamAM A saMpradAyane pracAra

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auNava saMpradAya 47 thayo hato. alabatta brAhmaNa, vANiyAomAM thoDA rAmAnujI che. teo vaDodarA, DabhoI, amadAvAda, sUrata vagere sthaLe rahe che. teonAM maMdira paNa che. (2) nimbArka saMpradAyaH A saMpradAyanA keTalAka anuyAyIo bAraDelI tAlukAmAM che. ahIM nimbArkomAyI bhaktimaMDaLa cAle che. (3) madhava saMpradAya : gujarAtamAM darajI garAsiyA, pATIdAra vargamAM keTalAka mazva saMpradAyanA anuyAyIo saurASTramAM hovAnuM noMdhAyuM che. (4) caitanya saMpradAyaH . A saMpradAyanA anuyAyIo chUTAchavAyA gujarAtamAM jovA maLe che. paNa tenI kaI asara samAja para nathI. (5) puSTi saMpradAya athavA vallabha saMpradAyaH zrI vallabhAcAryane janma AMdhrapradezamAM eka brAhmaNa kuTuMbamAM thayo hato. temane jIvana kALa vi. saM. 1529 (I.sa. 1473)thI 1587 (I.sa. 1531) sudhIne manAya che. teo zuddhAta siddhAMtanA praNetA hatA. temaNe gujarAtamAM premalakSaNA bhakti upara racAyela valabha saMpradAya ke puSTi saMpradAyane pracAra karyo. temaNe samagra gujarAtamAM pharIpharIne A saMpradAyane potAnA upadeza dvArA lokapriya banAvyo. jyAM jyAM gayA tyAM tyAM temaNe bhAgavata pArAyaNa karyuM. je je sthaLe bhAgavata pArAyaNa karyuM te sthaLa A saMpradAyanI beThaka tarIke oLakhAya che. ahIM beThakanuM mahattva eka yAtrAdhAma jevuM che. samagra gujarAtamAM badhI maLIne temanI 20 beThake cheH (1) karachamAM nArAyaNasara, sorASTramAM (2) tagaDI, (3) gupta prayAga, (4) prabhAsa, (5) mAdhavapura gheDa, (6) jUnAgaDha dAmodara kuMDa, (7) dvArakA, (8) gomatI, gopI taLAva, (10) beTamAM zaMkha nArAyaNanA maMdira pAse, (11) piMDArakatIrthamAM, (12) jAma khaMbhALiyA, (13) jAmanagara, (14)morabI, (15) siddhapura, u.gu.(16) kherALu, u.gu. (17) amadAvAda najIka naroDA, (18) godharA (ji. paMcamahAla), (19) bharUca, (20) surata azvinIkumAranA ghATa upara vagere. temaNe jyAM bhAgavata pArAyaNa karyuM te jagyA Aje mahAprabhujInI beThaka tarIke oLakhAya che. vallabhAcArya pachI temanA putra viThThalanAthajIe paNa gujarAtamAM Thera Thera pharI saMpradAyano pracAra karyo hate. paMdaramA saikAmAM narasiMha, mIrAM vagere premalakSaNa bhaktine mahimA gAya. paNa tene TakAvI rAkhavAnuM kArya vallabhAcArya ane

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48 gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya viThThalanAthajIe karyuM. temaNe kRSNabhakti, rAsakrIDA vagerene mahimA gAye. kRSNanI zRMgAralIlAnuM zravaNa-kIrtana bhaktinuM eka aMga manAvA lAgyuM. strIo puSTibhaktinI adhikArI che ema jaNAvI, strIone puSTi mArganI laganI lagADI. AnA pariNAme samagra gujarAtamAM puSTi saMpradAyane jhaDapI pracAra thaye. nAnA gAmaDAmAM puSTi saMpradAyanAM maMdira dekhAvA mAMDyAM, dhIre dhIre puSTi saMpradAye gujarAtabharamAM mahatvanuM sthAna prApta karyuM. puSTi saMpradAyanA vikAsamAM premAnaMda, dayArAma jevA kavioe noMdhapAtra phALo Ape che. premAnaMda okhAharaNa, sudAmAcarita, dazamaskaMdha, dANalIlA, dUDI, zrAddha, mAmeruM vagere AkhyAnekA dvArA kRSNabhaktino mahimA gAye, jyAre dayArAme zRMgAra rasa pUrNa garabIo dvArA sakhIbhAva pragaTa karI kRSNabhakti mahimA gAya. narasiMha ane mIrAMe premalakSaNA bhaktino mahimA gAya. viThThalanAthajInA svargavAsa pachI emanA sAtaputronI sAta gAdI sthapAI ane puSTimArga eka saMpradAya banyA. samaya jatAM sthAnika upadravane lIdhe ThAkorajInAM sAta svarUpane pAchaLathI anyatra padharAvavAmAM AvyAM. temAMnuM eka svarUpa udayapuranA rANuM rAjasiMhanA AgrahathI mevADamAM siMhADa sthaLe padharAvavAmAM AvyuM. A sthaLa hAlamAM nAthadvArA tarIke oLakhAya che, ane puSTi saMpradAyanuM mukhya sthaLa gaNAya che. sAta svarUpomAMthI samaya jatAM chaThThA svarUpane, sUratamAM padharAvavAmAM AvyuM ane e rIte sUrata gujarAtamAM puSTi saMpradAyanuM mahattvanuM kendra banyuM. saMyama jatAM vrajamaMDaLanI sAthe gujarAta ane rAjasthAna puSTi mArganAM kendro banyAM. gujarAtamAM vaNika jJAtiomAM A saMpradAya vadhAre pramANe rUDha tha. puSTimArganA gujarAtI kaviomAM noMdhapAtra kavi gopALadAsa che. kahevAya che ke viThThalanAthajInI kRpAthI temanI kavitvazakti vikasI hatI. temaNe racelA graMthanuM nAma "vallabhAkhyAna" che. A graMtha upara amadAvAdanA dezIvADAnI pioLanA naTavaralAla zyAmalAla maMdiranA go. zrI vrajarAyajIe TIkA racI che. A sAthe bIjA nAMdhapAtra graMthe gopALadAsa vyArAvALA racita "prAkaTaya siddhAMta," mAdhavadAsanuM "gokuLanAthajInA vivAha", kRNadAsa carotara(leuA pATIdAra)nAM pado, vagere ghaNuM kapriya hatAM. zrI vallabhAcArya racita "madhurASTakama"nuM pada gujarAtamAM ghaNuM ja lokapriya gIta banyuM che.

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vaiSNava saMpradAya 49 samaya jatAM vaiSNava saMpradAyanA keTalAka anuyAyIee vallabhAcArya nA upadezanuM manasvI adhaTana karI anIti AcarI tenAthI saMpradAyane keTalu ka sahana karavuM paDayuM. tema chatAM Aje paNa te, leAkeAmAM yathAvat TakI rahyo che. A soMpradAyanA mukhya maMtra zrI nRdhdha rAmana che.'' brahma sadhaka : puSTi saMpradAyamAM brahmasaMbaMdhanuM mahattva vizeSa che. dareka vaiSNava peAtAnA saMtAnane brahmasa baMdha karAvavA Atura hAya che. brahmasaMbaMdha karAvavA mATe mahArAjazrI pAse snAnAdi kriyAthI zuddha thaI upasthita rahevuM paDe che. ahIM mahArAjazrI brahmasaMbaMdha lenAranA kAnamAM matrAccAra kare che. tene tulasInI kaMDI paherAvI kRSNa nAmanA japa karavAne Adeza Ape che. brahmasaMbaMdhanA moMtrane sAra e che ke bhagavAna zrIkRSNathI hArA varSothI vikhUTA paDeleA huM bhagavAna zrIkRSNane mAruM sarvasva-dharma, strI, putra, kuTuMba, dravya vagere aNu karuM chuM. huM kRSNanA dAsa chuM. he kRSNa huM tamAre ja chuM." A siddhAMta samajI zakate bhagavAnanI bhakti karavAnI hoya che. puSTi sa`pradAyanA kreTalAka lokapriya graMthA (1) yADaza graMtha : puSTi mArgamAM nAnAmeTA aneka gra MthA pragaTa thayelA che. temAM zrI vallabhA cArye racelA SoDaza graMthanu sthAna atimahattvanuM che. A graMthamAM (1) zrI yamunASTaka (2) bAlamedha (3) sidghAMta muktAvalI (4) puSTipravAhamaryAdAbheda (5) siddhAMta-rahasya (6) navaratna (7) a MtaHkaraNa prakhAdha (8) viveka-vairyAzraya (9) zrIkRSNAzraya (10) catuHzleAkI (11) bhaktivardhinI (12) jalabheda (13) paMcapadyani (14) saMnyAsa niNaeNya (15) nirAdhalakSaNu (16) sevAla vagere vividha viSayAnI carcA karavAmAM AvI che. samagra graMtha sa MskRta bhASAmAM racAyela che. (2) zrI vallabhAkhyAna H A graMtha eka mUMgA geApAladAsajI dvArA racAyeA che. A vize anuzruti pramANe jANavA maLe che ke zrI gusAIjInA bhAIlA kAThArI' nAme eka sevaka hatA. tee asAravAmAM rahetA hatA. temane geAmatI nAme eka dIkarI hatI. tenuM geApAladAsa nAmanI vyakti sAthe lagna karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. A geApAla gu. 4

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pa0 gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya dAsa janmathI ja mUMgA hatA. gopAladAsa bhAIlA kaThArIne tyAM ja rahetA hatA. eka vakhata gUMsAIjI mahArAja bhAIlA kekArIne tyAM AvyA. temaNe jANyuM ke gopAladAsa mUMgA che. AthI bhAIlA koThArInI vinaMtIne mAna ApI temaNe gopAladAsanA mAthe hAtha mUko ane temanA mukhamAM pAna mUkyuM. tAMbulanA prabhAvathI gopAladAsanuM maMgApaNuM dUra thayuM. temanI vANI pragaTa thaI. puSTi saMpradAyanuM jJAna thatAM temaNe "zrIviThThalavara suMdara" e pramANe zarUAta karIne nava AkhyAne racIne vallabhAcAryanI stuti karI. A nava AkhyAne zrI vallabhAkhyAna" tarIke oLakhAya che. AkhyAne gujarAtI bhASAmAM racAyAM che. prathama AkhyAna kedAra rAgamAM, bIju AkhyAna rAmakalI, trIju AkhyAna dhanAzrI, cothuM bhUpakalyANa, pAMcamuM semerI, chaDu paraja, sAtamuM semerI, AThamuM dhanAzrI ane navamuM bilAsa rAgamAM gavAya che. dareka AkhyAna bhaktirasathI bharapUra che. (3) "zikSApatra : zrI harirAyajIkRta "zikSApatra" nAmano graMtha puSTi saMpradAyamAM mahatvanuM sthAna dharAve che. samagra graMthamAM zrI bhAgavata tathA gItAnuM rahasya vistRta rUpe samajAveluM che. A graMthamAM zrI harirAyajIe pitAnA bhAInA AtmakalyANa arthe lakhelA patra che. prathama patramAM kRSNadarzananI tAlAvelInuM varNana karI prabhusevAnA prakAra, tyAga, vizvAsa, sarva dharma eka che, bhajanAnaMda svAda, laukika Asakti na rAkhavI, sanyAzraya ane kusaMgane tyAga, kalikAlane prabhAva, brahmasaMbaMdha, prabhunAM vividha svarUpo vagere vividha viSayonI carcA karavAmAM AvI che. samagra graMtha saMskRta bhASAmAM che tenI TIkA gujarAtImAM che. (6) svAmInArAyaNa athavA uddhava saMpradAya: aDhAramI sadImAM vaNikemAM mukhyatve jaina ane puSTi saMpradAya savizeSa pracAramAM hatA. brAhmaNomAM zaiva dharmanuM prabhutva hatuM. anya kAmomAM kaNabI, praNAmI, kela, zakti jevA nAnA nAnA saMpradAya potAnuM sthAna jamAvI beThA hatA. cAre bAju samAjamAM dharmane nAme pAkhaMDo cAlI rahyAM hatAM. dharmaguruo prajAnI zraddhAne manamAnya upayoga karatA hatA. akhA jevA vedAntI kavie A mATe potAnI kavitAo dvArA samAjamAM ajJAnatAnA paDaLo dUra karavA prayatna karyo hato. Ama chatAM dharmaguruonA vilAso ochA thayA na hatA. teo dharmane nAme aDhaLaka dravyanuM upArjana karatA hatA.

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zaiSNava saMpradAya A samaye samAjamAM ajJAnatA ane adhazranAnuM sAmrAjya pravatu hatu. bhUtapretanA nAme samAjamAM aneka vahemA pracalita hatA. zItaLA, erI, achabaDA jevA rAgAmAMthI mukta thavA mATe lekA khAdhA-AkhaDI ke melI vidyAnA sahAre letA. vividha mAnyatAnA nAme pazu hiMsA thatI. pUjArIe devanA prasAdanA nAme mAMsa madIrAnuM pAna karatA hatA. nIcalI krameAmAM bALakIne dUdha pItI karavAnA rivAja pracalita hateA. satI prathAnA vyApaka rIte vikAsa thayeA hatA. satI"nA nAme aneka nirdoSa strIene pharajiyAta agnisnAna karAvavAmAM AvatuM, samAjamAM bALalagnA, vRdghalagnA, kanyAvikraya jevAM dUSarlRA mUlyAM phAlyAM hatAM. 51 TUMkamAM, aDhAramI sadInA gujarAtI samAjamAM vilAsitA, pramAda, hiMsA, aMdhazraddhA, dhArmika atyAcArA, pAkhaMDa, anIti, vahema, satIprathA vagere aneka dUSaNe! vyApaka rIte prasarela hatAM. tenAthI samAjamAM kurivAjonuM sAmrAjya phelAyelu hatu N. temAM garIba ane sAmAnya mANasanuM zASaNa thatuM hatuM. samAjamAM cAre bAju ajJAnatA ane aMdhazraddhA phelAyelAM hatAM. samAjamAM pracalita sarva sa Mpra dAyAmAM zithilatA AvI hatI. AvA samaye gujarAtamAM eka navA saMpradAyanI zarUAta thaI. puSTisauMpradAyamAM saMkucitatA vyApaka banatAM tenA sudhArArUpe svAmInArAyaNa saMpradAyanA janma thayeA. gujarAta A saMpradAyanI viziSTatA e che ke e paMthanA AdyasthApaka bahArathI AvyA hatA. temaNe gujarAtane ja pAtAnI karmabhUmi banAvI, gujarAtamAM potAne ja saMpradAya vikasAvyo. A saMpradAya vallabhAcArya pachI lagabhaga traNa sadI bAda gujarAtamAM phelAyA. A saMpradAyanA AdyasthApakanuM mULa nAma dhanazyAma hatuM ane temanA pitAnuM nAma hariprasAda ane mAtAnuM nAma premavatI hatuM. temanA janma AyeAdhyA pAse chapaiyA gAmamAM eka brAhmaNu kuTuMbamAM sa. 1837, caitra suda 9nA divase thaye| hatA. bALapaNanA kuTuMbanA saMskArane temaNe lIdhe veda ane anya saMskRta gra MthAnA abhyAsa karIne manane dhana mArge vALyuM. mAtApitAnA mRtyu bAda soMsArano tyAga karIne bahu nAnI vaye himAlayanA mArge paDacA. gurusevA dvArA yogavidyA hastagata karI. tee nIlaka 4 brahmacArInA nAme ALakhAvA lAgyA. tyAMthI keTalAka samaya bAda saurASTranA mAMgaroLa pAsenA leja gAmamAM AvyA. ahI` rAmAnaMdanA ziSya muktAnaMdanA paricaya thayA. dhIre dhIre te rAmAnaMdanA ziSya banyA. rAmAnaMdanuM kArya AgaLa dhapAvyuM. temaNe aSTAMga brahmacaryanA AcAranA Arabha karyAM. devI sivAyanI strInI pratimA ke citra paNa 1

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para gujarAtanA dhama sapradAya joI na zakAya tevA Agraha hatA. AgaLa jatAM te sahajAnaMda svAmI tarIke eALakhAvA lAgyA. sahajAnaMda svAmIne bhakto bhagavAna nArAyaNane avatAra mAne che. A saMpradAyamAM nara nArAyaNu, rAdhAkRSNa vagere uparAMta dharma bhaktirUpe sahAnaMdanA pitA-mAtAnI temaja harikRSNa rUpe sahajAnaMda svAmInI peAtAnI paNa upAsanA thAya che, ne ma MdiramAM A sarvanI pratimAenI pratiSThA karI temanAM pUjana arcana karAya che. AthI emaNe sthApelA sa pradAya svAmInArAyaNa saMpradAya tarIke eLakhAya che. svAmI sahajAnaMda dhIre dhIre gujarAtamAM sthira thaI zarUAtamAM dhArmika sudhArAnuM kArya AraMbhyuM. temaNe kathAvArtA sAMbhaLavA mATenI srIe-puruSAnI sabhAe| judI karI, paNa strIone dharmAMthI aLagI na karI. temanA mATe akSarajJAna meLavavA mATenI sagavaDa prApta karI. strI-puruSonI maryAdAnu Ayojana karyuM, hiMsaka yajJeAnI nAbUThThInuM kArya ArachyuM. AkhA gujarAtamAM parivrAjaka tarIke karIne temaNe yajJA, utsA, sAmaiyA dvArA dharmajAgRtI ANI. temanA kAryathI prabhAvita thaIne muMbaInA te vakhatanA gavarnara mAlakame amadAvAdamAM hAla kAlupuramAM jyAM svAmInArAyaNanuM maMdira che te jagyA ApI hatI. sahajAnaMda svAmI viSe eka evI anuzruti pracalita che ke "sahajAna da svAmI pravAsa karatA karatA aMkalezvara AvyA, tyAMthI sUrata AvyA. A vakhate eka pArasI gRhastha aradesare temanu bhAvabhInuM svAgata karyuM. A pArasI aradesarane navAbe nAkarImAMthI chUTA karyAM hatA. sahajAnaMdanI kRpAthI temane peAtAnI nAkarI pAchI maLelI. sUratanI mulAkAta vakhate aradesaranI bhaktithI khuza thaIne sahajAnaMda svAmIe temane peAtAnA mAthAnI pAghaDI ApI, AzIrvAda ApyA hatA ke jyAM sudhI A pAghaDI tamArA gharamAM haze tyAM sudhI tamArA gharamAMthI lakSmI AchI thaze nahI. A pAdhaDInI Aje paNa aradesaranA kuTu khIe rAja pUjA karAve che. temaNe suratamAM lagabhaga 2 mAsa rahIne prajAne upadeza ApyA. dhIre dhIre temaNe samAjasevAnA kAryano AraMbha karyo. temaNe samAjanA zramajIvIone uttejana ApavA maMdiza badhAvavAnuM zarU karyuM. kArIgarAmAM AcArazuddhine mahimA vadhAryAM, samAjamAM pachAta gaNAtI jJAtiemAM sa MskAra si McavAnuM bhagIratha kArya karyuM. temaNe A sarva mATe zikSApatrI nAme eka AcAra saMhitA racI. temaNe judA judA sAdhuenAM maMDaLA dvArA tIdhAmeAmAM sadAvratA zarU karyAM. dhana ane zastranA tyAganA upadeza dvArA kAThI, kakhI ne kALI leAkeAne vaza karyAM.

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maioNava saMpradAya 53 vidhavAone satI thavAne badale haribhajana dvArA vairAgya bhAvanA keLavavAnI preraNA ApI rogIo mATe davAkhAnAnI sthApanA karI. lagnamAM phaTANuM ke bIbhatsa zabdo na bolavAne upadeza ApyuM. lekhake dvArA graMthalekhananI pravRtti vikasAvI. teo potAne upadeza bahu ja sAdI ane saraLa bhASAmAM samAjanA nIcalA tharanA vargane samajAya tevI rIte ApatA. temaNe samAjanA dareka varga mATe dharmanAM dvAra khullA karyA. varSamAM lagabhaga ATha mAsa teo bahAra dharma pravacane karatA ane cAra mAsa gaDhaDAmAM rahetA. temaNe keI navA tattvajJAnane phelAvo karyo nathI. zikSApatramAM jaNAvyuM che ke temaNe kevaLa rAmAnujanA viziSTa daita siddhAMtanuM pAlana karyuM che. temaNe pitAnA upadezamAM kahyuM che ke, "parabrahma paramAtmA e ISTadeva che. paramAtmA divya sAkAramUrti che. te saccidAnaMdarUpa che. parabrahma Adi tathA aMtamAM che. eno saMbaMdha nitya che. mAyA e trIju anAdi tattva che. mAyA AtyaMtika pralayakALe brahmamAM lIna rahe che. A mAyAne prakRti kahe che. mAyAmAMthI Izvara utpanna thAya che. Izvara ane jIva peThe traNa deha ane traNa avasthAdhArI satya che. A saMpradAyanA anuyAyIo mAne che ke parabrahma paramAtmA e ISTadeva che. pRthvI upara emane svAmInArAyaNa svarUpe AvirbhAva thaye che. mATe svAmInArAyaNa pragaTa puruSottama kahevAya che. rAmAnuja saMpradAyamAM caturbhuja-nArAyaNa pUjAya che. ahIM dvibhUja nArAyaNanI mUrti pUjAya che. A saMpradAyamAM manAya che ke mukti meLavavA mATe jIve paramAtmAnA asala svarUpanuM jJAna meLavavuM, tenI be rIte savika95 ane nirvikalpa upAsanA karavI. bhakti e mukti mATenuM mukhya sAdhana che. ISTadevanI bhakti karatAM paramezvara ane brahmaniSTa saMtane yoga paNa thAya A saMpradAyamAM satsaMgane mahimA vizeSa che. AthI saMpradAyanA anuyAyIo satsaMgI kahevAya che. satsaMgI thanAre ahiMsA, brahmacarya, maghatyAga, cerIne tyAga, mAMsane tyAga, satya bolavuM, dAna karavuM vagere AcAro pALavAnA hoya che. A saMpradAyanA anuyAyIo traNa vargamAM vaheMcAyelA che. brahmacArI, sAdhuo ane gRhastho. brAhmaNe brahmacArI thaI zake. game te varNanA lake sAdhu thaI zake. sAdhuomAM paramahaMsa, pALA athavA pArSada, evA varga hoya che. zudro pArSada thaI zake. sAmAnya saMsArI satsaMgI gRhastha kahevAya.

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54 gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya lokapriyatAnAM kAraNe H svAmInArAyaNa saMpradAye tatkAlIna samAjanA nIcalA tharanA lekenA zramane biradAvI temane uddhAra karavA prayatna karyo. tenI lokapriyatAnAM kAraNe nIce pramANe che : (1) temanA upadezamAM guDha tattvajJAnane badale dharma ane nItinA sAdA siddhAMte najare paDe che.. (2) temaNe vANI ane zuddha AcAra upara bhAra mUkayo che. (3) vyavahArazuddhine jIvananuM mahatvanuM aMga mAne che. (4) potAne upadeza sAdI ane saraLa bhASAmAM karyo che. (5) nIcalA varganA zramane mahattva ApyuM che. (6) temaNe jIvanamAM tyAga ane zramanuM mahatva samajAvI vairAgya bhAvanA vikasAvavA prayatna karyo che. (7) samAjamAM samAnatA lAvavA prayatna karyo che. (8) samAjamAM pracalita aMdhazraddhA, ajJAnatA, malInatA, vahema vagere dUra karavA satata prayatnazIla rahela che. , (9) sai mATe dharmanAM dvAra khullAM rAkhI nIcalA varganA lokone AkarSA, (10) strI-puruSanA vartananI maryAdA samajAvI; satsaMgI strIo mATe akSarajJAnanI mahattA svIkArI, sagavaDatA karI. uparanAM sarva kAraNethI samAjanA nIcalA varganA lokoe premathI A saMpradAyane apanAvyuM. pariNAme A dharma eka sAmAjika krAMti banI gaye. zikSApatrIH sahajAnaMda svAmIe dharma ane zAstronA vivAdane badale garInI sevAmAM joDavo. Adhunika samayamAM sarakAra je hajAra prayatna dvArA na karI zake te temaNe svaprayatnathI pachAta gaNAtI jJAtione saMskArI banAvavA karyuM. sahajAnaMda svAmIe zikSApatrI nAmanA graMtha dvArA satsaMgIo mATe eka AcArasaMhitA racI. dareka svAmInArAyaNa saMpradAyane anuyAyI Aje paNa tenuM sanmAna kare che. zikSApatrImAM baso bAra kaleke che. temAM janasamAjanA jIvanane poSaka bane tevA sarva sAmAnya viSaye AvarI levAmAM AvyA che. lekene sadAcAranuM mahattva samajAvavA svAmI sahajAnaMde graMtha lakhe che. tene sArI TrakamAM nIce pramANe che:

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gebruva sapradAya peAtAnA mukhe peAtAnAM vakhANa na karavAM. je vastra paheravAthI peAtAnAM aMga dekhAya tevAM vastro na paheravAM. pAtAnA sevakeAne sadA annavasrAdi ApIne kALajI rAkhavI. guru, rAjA, ativRddha, tyAgI, vidvAna tathA tapasvI e cha jaNa Ave tyAre UbhA thaI sanmAna karI Asana ApavuM. temanuM premathI svAgata karavuM. guru, deva ke rAjA sAme paga para paga caDhAvIne ke DhIMcaNe vastra bAMdhIne besavuM nahi. vyavahAra kAya mAM kaInA jAmIna na thavuM. Apatti vakhate bhIkSA mAgIne calAvavuM. paNa kAI karaja na karavuM. sahIsikkA vagara kAInI sAthe dhana ke jamInanI levaDadevaDa karavI nahi. peAtAnI Upaja pramANe kharca karaveza. gALyA vinA pANI ane dUdha na pIvu. je jaLAzayamAM ghaNAM ja Mtue hoya temAM nahAvuM nahIM. ucca vaNuM nA leAkeAe nIcalI varNamAM jJAna ane sadAcAranA phelAvA karavA joIe." pa C Ama, zikSApatrI dvArA sahajAnaMda svAmIe sAmAnya mAnavIne pachI te bhale satsaMgI hoya ke na heAya sadAcAranA ane svacchatAnA niyameA samajAvyA che. samAjanA chellA varga sudhI svacchatA ane AreAgyanI vyApaka sudhAraNAnI dRSTi temAM rahelI che. A dRSTie svAmInArAyaNunA khAdha kevaLa eka viziSTa va pUratA maryAdita nathI, paNa temAM samagra leAkasamudAyane AvarI levAmAM Avela che. dareka mANasa emAMthI peAtAnI zakti pramANe kheAdha laI zake che. sadAcAra AyarI zake che. sAmAnya rIte sahajAnaMda svAmIe sAmAnya nAgarika mAMsAhAra, madya (dArU), tamAku, gAMjo, jevAM kephI vyasanA, ceArI, vyabhicAra, asatya kheAlavu, vagere dUSAthI dUra rahe tevA Agraha zikSApatrI dvArA rAkhyA che. sahAAnaMda svAmInA khIjo noMdhapAtra graMtha "vacanAmRta" che. temAM tatkAlIna samAjanA satA ane haribhaktonA upadezane graMthastha karavAmAM Avela che. Ama, svAmInArAyaNa saMpradAyamAM prAthamika sadAcAra dharmAMthI zarU karIne jIvanamAM uccattama parabrahmanuM jJAna meLavavA vizenI suvidhA rAkhavAmAM AvI che. svAmInArAyaNa saMpradAyanA noMdhapAtra sAta A saMpradAyamAM zrI muktAnaMda, brahmAnaMda, premAnaMda, niSkuLAnaMda, devAnaMda, maMjukeSAnaMda vagere noMdhapAtra satA thayA. temaNe potAnAM kAvyA dvArA A saMpradAyanA gujarAtamAM pracAra karyo. muktAna? mukundabAvanI, uddhavagItA, satIgItA vagere gra MthA dvArA samAjamAM vairAgyanI bhAvanA keLavI. brahmAna ? sumatiprakAza, va mAnaviveka, brahmavilAsa vagere gra Mtha racyA. premAna Mde svAmI sahajAnaMdanA virahanAM bAramAsInAM padA dvArA premalakSaNA bhaktine mahimA gAyA. niSkuLAna de

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gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya samAjanI taLapadI bhASAmAM garabIo ane dhoLA dvArA A saMpradAyamAM varNavelI bhaktino mahimA gAye. maMjukezAnaMde lagabhaga 4000 kAvya racyAM che temAM vairAgya ane gurumahimA gAya che. devAnaMda svAmInAM kAvya strIvargamAM ghaNuM ja lokapriya hatAM. sAbarakAMThA jillAnA bhiloDA tAlukAnA ToraDA gAmamAM svAmI gopAlAnaMda nAme eka saMta thaI gayA. temaNe potAnA upadeza dvArA A pradezamAM A saMpradAyane ThIka ThIka pracAra karyo hate. svAminArAyaNanI saMpradAyanI samAja para asara sahajAnaMda svAmIe gujarAtane potAnI karmabhUmi banAvI. temaNe sthApelA svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanI tatkAlIna gujarAtI samAja para vyApaka asara paDI. samAjamAM temanA upadezathI krAMti AvI. strI ane puruSa baMne mokSanA adhikArI che-A bhAvanA vikasI. pati pAchaLa satI thanAra strIone mekSa thaI zakato nathI. A vicArane vahetA karI satIprathAnI badI baMdha karavAmAM mahattvane phALo Apyo. temanA upadezathI samAjamAMthI bALahatyA ke kanyA ke strInI hatyA, bhUtapreta, DAkaNa vagere vizenI mAnyatA, vaLagaNa roganI mATenI vahemI mAnyatAo vagere dUra thaI. samAjamAMthI aMdhazraddhA dhIre dhIre ochI thavA lAgI. samAjamAM zramajIvIomAM sadAcArane mahimA vadhe. ghaNA lokee temanA upadezathI AkarSAI dArU, aphINa jevAM kephI vyasane choDI dIdhAM. hiMsA, yajJo dUra thayAM. pariNAme aneka leke zArIrika ane Arthika barabAdIthI bacI gayA. sAdu ane sadAcArI jIvana gALavA lAgyA. samAjamAM ArogyanI bhAvanA vikasI. leke yathAzakti bhaviSya mATe dhana-dhAnya, ghAsa vagerene saMgraha karavA lAgyA. leke udyamI rahevA lAgyA. je dhana-dhAnya prAtpa thAya temAMthI yathAzakti dAna ApavAnI prathA vadhI. sAdhusaMte mATenI AcArasaMhitAe A saMpradAyanA sAdhuonuM mahattva vadhAryuM. aSTAMga brahmacarya, dharmadhyAna, kathAvArtA dvArA samAjasevA, lekahitArthe samAjamAM pharatA rahevuM, pAThazALAo ane sadAvrata calAvavAM vagere dvArA samAjamAM janasevAnI bhAvanA vikasI. lekene samajAyuM ke dharma devaLa AdhyAtmika jIvana pUrato maryAdita nathI paNa bhautika jIvanane paNa sAMkaLI le che. bhautika jIvana jeTaluM ujajavaLa ane pUNyavAna teTaluM ja AdhyAtmika jIvana mahAna. mATe navA dharmasthAne bAMdhIne dharmanA kAryane vikasAvavuM e mAnavI mAtrane dharma che. A saMpradAya dvArA lokomAM Arogya ane vANInI zikSAne pracAra thaye. tenAthI aneka saMgharSo dUra thayA, aneka rege phelAtA aTakI gayA.

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vaiSNava sapradAya svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyamAM kRSNa bhaktine sthAna samAjamAM pracalita puSTi saMpradAyanA vikalpa banyA. A saMhitAthI puSTi saMpradAyamAM ghaNA sudhArA thayA. pracalita vaiSNava mahArAjonAM pAkhaDA jAhera thayAM. pariNAme temane peAtAnA AcAravicAra badalavA paDayA. hovAthI te tatkAlIna saMpradAyanI AcArapAkhaDA aTakI gayAM. 57 A saMpradAye pe|te varNAzramadharmomAM mAnatA hovA chatAM, samagra hiMdu samAjanA nIcalA gaNAtA thara sudhI AcArazuddhinA phelAvA karavAnuM mahAna kArya karyuM. pariNAme gaDhaDA ane tenI AsapAsanA pradezamAM vasatA muslimeA ane kheAjA kuTu kheA tenAthI prabhAvita thaI svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanA anuyAyI banyA. sUratamAM svAminArAyaNa sa MpradAyanI asara keTalAMka pArasI kuTu kheA upara paNa thaI hatI. AyI amuka pArasI kuMTube! svAminArAyaNa dharma` pALatAM thayAM hatAM. Ama, svAmi nArAyaNa saMpradAye prAcInakAlathI cAlI AvatI mAnyatA paradhI hiMdu thaI zake nahi, tene dUra karIne aneka paradharmI ne peAtAnAmAM samAvyA. AnA pariNAme aneka hiMdue musalamAna banatA aTakI gayA. svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanAM tIrthA : gujarAtamAM saMpradAyanI dRSTie A saMpradAyamAM e deza vibhAga paDelA che. temAMnu ekanu kendra uttaramAM amadAvAdamAM che ne khIjAnuM dakSiNamAM vaDatAla che. khIjAM badhAM maMdira A bemAMnA ekanA adhikSetramAM gaNAya che. amadAvAda : saMvata 1878 (I.sa. 1822)mAM amadAvAdamAM kAlupuramAM A saMpradAyanu eka vizALa ma Mdira bAMdhavAmAM Avyu che. A maMdira mATenI jamIna aMgreja sarakAra pAsethI dAnamAM maLela hatI. tenI AsapAsa svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanA aneka anuyAyIe rahe che. maMdirane eka meTuiM ane be nAnAM zikhara che. ma MdiramAM naranArAyaNudeva, rAdhAkRSNu dharma, (sahajAnaMda svAminA pitA), bhakti (sahajAnaMda svAminAM mAtA) ane harikRSNa (dhanasyAma urphe sahajAnaMda svAmi) vagerenI pratimAo che. ahIMnI mukhya pratimA naranArAyaNanI che. maMdiranI bAjumAM AvelA akSarabhuvanamAM mahArAjanI pratimA ane temanAM smaraNacihno rUpe nAnI-meTI vastue sAcavI rAkhavAmAM AvelI che. A ma Mdirane sabhAmaMDapa suMdara rIte lAkaDAmAM kAtaraNI karIne zaNugArele che.

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gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya A uparAMta svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanuM bIjuM eka vizALa maMdira maNinagaramAM AveluM che. hamaNAM saM. 2019 (I.sa. 1963)mAM zAhIbAga vistAramAM A saMpradAyanuM aneka zikharovALuM kalAtmaka maMdira bAMdhavAmAM AvyuM che. bhUja : ahIM svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanuM eka vizALa maMdira che. maMdiramAM sthApanA samayane saM. 1879 (I. sa. 1823)ne lekha che. maMdira traNa zikharethI zobhe che. vacalA maMdiramAM naranArAyaNa tathA harikRSNanI pratimAo jovA maLe che. bAjumAM ghanazyAma mahArAjanI ArasanI pratimAe zebhe che. A uparAMta ahI rAma, kRSNa, jAnakI vagerenI pratimAo AvelI che. vaDatAla : kheDA jillAnA naDiyAda tAlukAmAM Avela vaDatAla gAmamAM A saMpradAyanuM eka vizALa maMdira AveluM che. maMdirane vizALa eka che. cAre bAju praveza mATe moTA daravAjA che. ahIM rahevA jamavAnI uttama vyavavasthA che. gAmanI vacce cokamAM vizALa maMdira AveluM che. maMdiranI AjubAju vizALa cekamAM gozALA, pAThazALA, bhojanazALA, dharmazALA, vagere baMdhAyela che. A maMdira saM. 1881 (I.sa. 1825)mAM baMdhAyeluM. tenA mATe lUMTArAmAMthI satsaMgI banela jobanapagI nAmanA mANase pitAnI vizALa jamIna dAna ApelI. kamaLa AkAranA A maMdiranAM nava zikhare che. tenI bAMdhaNI uttama kalAkRtiovALI che. vacalA maMdiramAM lakSmInArAyaNa ane raNachoDajInI pratimAo tathA AjubAju rAdhAkRSNa sAthe zrIjI mahArAjanI harikRSNa nAme pratimA AvelI che. A sAthe dharma, bhakti ane vAsudevanI pratimAo sthApelI che. ahIM mukhya pratimA lakSmInArAyaNanI che. maMdira sAmenA akSarabhuvanamAM niSkuLAnaMde banAvelI zrIjI mahArAjanI pratimA tathA temanI anya vastuo sacavAyelI che. bAjumAM harimaMDaLamAM mahArAje lakhela zikSApatrI sacavAyela che. A uparAMta gAmanI bahAra mahArAje baMdhAveluM gomatI taLAva AveluM che. kahevAya che ke A taLAva baMdhAvatI vakhate mahArAje jAte mATI upADela. ahIM yAtrALuo mATe jJAnanI suMdara vyavasthA karela che. gAma nAnuM che paNa yAtrAdhAma tarIke tenuM vizeSa mahatva hovAthI vaDodarA, naDiyAda, ANaMda, vaDatAla, vagere nagaro sAthe basa mA joDAyela che.

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aueNava saMpradAya pa9 gaDhaDA : saurASTramAM bhAvanagara jillAmAM AveluM gaDhaDA svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanuM bIju nedhapAtra tIrthadhAma che. ahIM dAdA khecarane je darabAramAM besIne mahArAje upadeza karela te Akho darabAra khAcare dAnamAM ApI dIdhA. mahArAje saMvata 1885 (I. sa. 1829)mAM tyAM traNa zikharanuM vizALa maMdira baMdhAvyuM. A maMdiranuM bAMdhakAma svAmI mahArAjanI sIdhI dekharekha heThaLa ane jAtamahenatathI thayeluM. vacalA maMdiramAM gopInAtha-harikRSNa mahArAjanI pratimAo AvelI che. A uparAMta ahIM dharma, bhakti, vAsudeva, nArAyaNa, sUryanArAyaNa tathA sahajAnaMda svAmInI pratimAo judA judA sthaLe sthApelI jovA maLe che. bAjumAM dAdA khAcarano darabAra, je lImaDA nIce mahArAje upadeza karela te lImaDAnuM vRkSa, svAmi mahArAjanI oraDI, gaMgAjaLIyA nAme oLakhAtA kU vagere Avela che. maMdiranI cotarapha havelIo AvelI che. jyAM vidyArthIo mATe saMskRta pAThazALA, bhojanAlaya, yAtrALuo mATenI rahevAnI vyavasthA vagere che. becAsaNaH kheDA jillAnA ANaMda pAse Avela be cAsaNa gAmamAM saM. 1963 (I. sa. 1907)mAM eka vizALa maMdira baMdhAyuM hatuM. maMdirane be mALa ane pAMca zikhare che. ahIM guNAtItAnaMda svAmI tathA akSara purUSottama lakSmInArAyaNa harikRSNa mahArAja vagerenI suMdara pratimAo Avela che. maMdirane TAvaravALo vizALa daravAje tathA sabhAmaMDapa ane pharatI havelIo che, jyAM satsaMgIo mATe kathAvArtA cAle che. sAraMgapura : saurASTranA bhAvanagara pAsenA sAraMgapura gAmamAM darabAra jIvA khAcaranI jamIna upara saM. 1972 (I.sa. 1916)mAM be mALa ane pAMca zikharavALuM, eka vizALa maMdira bAMdhavAmAM AvyuM. maMdiramAM guNAtItAnaMda, gopALAnaMda, gopInAthajI, harikRSNa mahArAja, mULajI brahmacArI, dharmadevabhakti mAtA, ayodhyAprasAda ane raghuvIrajI nAmanA be bhAIo vagerenI pratimAo AvelI che. ghanazyAma mahArAjanI kASTanI pratimA tathA camatkArI hanumAnajInI pratimA e A sthaLanI viziSTatA che. aneka yAtrALuo maMdira ane hanumAnajInA darzane dara

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60 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya varSe Ave che. maMdirane sabhAmaMDapa ane pharatI havelI che. ahIM vividha prakAranI sAMskRtika pravRttio cAle che (juo. ci. naM. 13) aTalAdarA: vaDodarA jillAmAM vaDodarA pAse AvelA aTalAdarA gAmamAM svAminArAyaNa nuM eka suMdara maMdira AveluM che. A maMdira saM. 2001 (I.sa. 1945)mAM baMdhAyuM. ahIM maMdiramAM guNAtItAnaMdasvAmI, gopALAnaMda svAmI, lakSmInArAyaNa, harikRSNa mahArAja vagerenI pratimAo AvelI che. maMdirane pharato pradakSiNa mArga che. maMdiramAM suMdara Arasa jaDelA che. A uparAMta gujarAtamAM jUnAgaDha, dholerA, gAMDala (juo ci. naM. 12) bhAdarA, sAkarI, (sUrata jillo), sucI, vaDodarA, bharUca, ANaMda, naDiyAda, rAjakoTa, bhAvanagara, loja vagere zaheromAM svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanAM bhavya maMdiro AvelAM che. A uparAMta gujarAta bahAra bhAratamAM muMbaI, kalakattA, chapaiyA vagere sthaLe svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanAM maMdira baMdhAvavAmAM AvyAM che. dhIre dhIre A saMpradAyano bhArata bahAra anya dezamAM pracAra thatAM, AphrikAmAM mombAsA, nairobI, kanAnDana, dAresalAma, yuropamAM laMDana, lesTara, AsTana, veliMga bUre tathA amerikAmAM nyUyorka vagere sthaLoe svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanAM bhavya maMdiro AvelAM che. svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanuM vartamAna svarUpa svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanA prAraMbhanA AcAryo pratibhAzALI ane samartha hatA, temaNe samAjamAM bhakti ane zraddhA pragaTAvI, sadAcAranI bhAvanA vikasAvI, paNa dareka saMpradAyamAM bane che tema A saMpradAyamAM paNa zrIjI mahArAja pachI anuyAyIomAM dhArmika jhaghaDAo zarU thayA. mahArAje gAdI mATe jhagaDavA lAgyA. jema boddha dharmamAM banyuM tema, te bhArata bahAra vikasyo, paNa gujarAtamAM dhIre dhIre nabaLo paDavA lAge. ghaNA navA phAMTAo asti tvamAM AvyA. vaDatAlanI gADImAMthI chUTA paDI bocAsaNamAM svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanI eka zAkhA zarU thaI. ahIM vaMzaparaMparAnI gAdIne badale vidvAna ane yogya mANasane gAdIpati banAvavAmAM Ave che. A zAkhAe gujarAta uparAMta laMDana, AphrikA, amerikA sudhI saMpradAyane vistArI tyAM vizALa maMdire bAMdhyAM. amadAvAdamAM zAhIbAganA raste eka bhavya maMdira bAMdhyuM. Adhunika zikSA pAmelA yuvAnane A saMpradAyamAM AkarSavA vividha dhArmika ane sAMskRtika pravRttio AcaravAmAM Ave che.

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vaiSNava saMpradAya 11 amadAvAdanI mAdImAMthI alaga paDIne maNinagaramAM eka navI zAkhA zarU thaI. AmAM kacchanA satsaMgIo joDAyA. svAmi muktajIvana dAsajIe A zAkhAnA prAraMbha karyAM. tenA pracAra kaccha, AphrikA ane iMglenDamAM vyApaka pramANamAM thayA. rAjakATa, dhAMgadhrA vageremAM paNa phAMTA paDelA che.khAcAsaNamAMthI vallabhavidyAnagara (ji. kheDA)mAM guNAtIta jyAta nAme navI zAkhA zarU thaI. strIone tyAgI ane sAdhvIjIvana gALavAnI temAM vyavasthA che. ahIM pA dAnA eka varga taiyAra karavAmAM Avela che je sa MsthAe sAMpela kArya bhaktibhAvathI kare che. ahIM sthApakane "pappAjI" tarIke sa MkheAdhavAmAM Ave che. tee sAdhunAM bhagavAM kapaDAM nahi paNa sapheda sAdA pAzAka pahere che. A uparAMta khIjI paNa keTalIka zAkhAe udbhavI che. A sarva sahajAnaMda svAmIne nArAyaNanA, purUSAttamane avatAra mAnIne pUje che. svAminArAyaNa saMpradAye dezakALane eLakhIne harijana uddhAranI pravRttimAM Aja dina sudhImAM kAI rasa dAkhavyeA nathI. A sa MpradAyanA sAdhue sahajAnaMda svAmInA kAryane AgaLa dhapAvavAne badale peAtAnI nabaLAI DhAMkavA junavANI cIle ja cAle che. hirajanane ma MdiramAM praveza ApavAne badale amAruM madira hindu dhamA~thI bhinna svAminArAyaNanuM ma Mdira che evI jUThI dalIla karI kAyadAne Azraya levA lAgyA sahajAnaMda svAmI zikSApatrInA pahelA AAkamAM ja kRSNane potAnA iSTadeva tarIke eLakhAve che. e vAta vamAna sAdhue aMgata svArtha khAtara bhUlI jAya che. kA mAM hArI jatAM lAcArIthI temane maMdiramAM harijanAne praveza ApaveA paDayo. .. TUMkamAM, A sa MpradAyanA guruee adarA dara laDIne dravyanA vyaya karavAne badale zrIjI maharAje je kArya karyuM tene AgaLa vadhArI daridranArAyaNanI sevA karavI joIe. e ja uttama samAja sevA che. dezakALane eLakhIne dharmAMnAM cAkaDAM gAThavavAM joIe. hiMdudharmAMmAM varNAzrama, nAtajAtanA bhedabhAva, aspRzyatA game teTalA prAcInakALathI cAlyA AvatAM hoya tApaNu dezakALane eLakhI tene phagAvI daI sava ne mATe dharmanAM dvAra khullAM rAkhavAM joIe. (7) rAmAnaMdI patha : gujarAtamAM vizeSataH saurASTramAM aneka gAmeAmAM rAmAnaMdI maMdiro che. gujarAtamAM kaNabI, luhAra, kaDIyA, darajI, vagere kAmemAM A paMthanA pracAra ThIka ThIka pramANamAM thayA hatA. sAbarakAMThA jillAnA meADAsA gAmamAM A paMthanuM eka

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12 - ' gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya maMdira AveluM che je bAlakadAsajInA maMdiranA nAme oLakhAya che. ahIM rAma, lakSmaNa, sItA vagerenI pratimAo pUjAya che. (8) rAdhAsvAmI saMpradAya: A paMthane pracAra gujarAtanI kaNabI kAmamAM vizeSa pramANamAM thayo hato. kheDA jillAmAM A saMpradAyanAM maMdiro AvelAM che. (9) praNAmI paMtha A paMthanA AdyasthApaka devacaMdra mahetAjI hatA. pitAnuM nAma matamattA ane mAtAnuM nAma kuMvarabAI hatuM. A saMpradAya saurASTramAM savizeSa pracalita che. A saMpradAyanA leke rAmAnujI saMpradAya jevuM tilaka kare che. tulasInI mALA pahere che. nAka sudhI tIlaka kare che. A saMpradAyamAM zIkha dharmanI mAphaka "phUlajala" graMthanI pUjA thAya che. A graMthamAM kula 14 bhAga chejemAMthI 4 gujarAtImAM, 1 siMdhimAM ane 9 bhAga hiMdImAM che. jAmanagaramAM A saMpradAyanuM moTuM maMdira AveluM che. ahIM ekezvaravAda ane gurubhaktino mahimA gAvAmAM AvyuM che. A saMpradAyane vizeSa pracAra paTela, kAyastha, kaNabI, rajapUta, bhATa, suthAra, darajI, gelA jevI kemerAmAM vizeSa che. A saMpradAyanI gAdI saurASTra uparAMta oDa, berasada, kheDA, varasoLA, naDiyAda, liMgaDA, thAmaNuM vagere sthaLe kheDA jillAmAM AvelI che. TauSNava saMpradAyanI samAjajIvana para asara: vaiSNava dharme gujarAtI samAja ane gujarAtI sAhitya para vyApaka pramANa mAM asara karI che. gujarAtamAM vANiyA, pATidAra vagere kema upara puSTi saMpradAyanI asara vartAya che. jyAre nIcalA vargo kaNabI, lahANuM kAThI, suthAra, kaDIyA, kALI vagere upara svAminArAyaNa, kabIrapaMtha, praNAmIpaMtha, ravipaMtha, rAdhAvallabha paMtha, udAsI paMtha vagerenI pakaDa jovA maLe che. samAjamAM viSNunI pUjA sAthe viSNunA avatAre jevA ke-varAha, vAmana, narasiMha, rAma, kRSNa vagerenI pUjA pracalita banI che. viSNunI bhaktiparaMparAmAM puSTi saMpradAye kRSNanI premalakSaNA bhaktino mahimA vadhAryo, samAjamAM vaiSNava maMdire pRSTi saMpradAyanAM kendro banyAM. kRSNanuM jIvanavRtAMta, bALalIlA, rAsalIlA, vagere ghaNuM lokapriya banyAM hatAM. vaiSNava saMpradAyanA mahArAjane zraddhAthI sanmAnatA hatA. temane kRSNa svarUpa mAnatA. keTaleka ThekANe sarvasva arpaNa karavAnI mAnyatA paNa pracalita hatI.

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vaiSNava sapradAya keTalIka krameAmAM navavadhUne lagnajIvananA prAraMbhamAM sahu prathama mahArAja pAse brahmasaMbaMdha levA meAkalavAnA rivAja pracalita hatA. Ane dhaNA mahArAje manamAnyA lAbha uThAvatA. OM name maLavate vAsulevAya ane zrI rALa mama'' jevA maMtro leAkajIbhe guMjatA hatA. aneka dhArmika strI-puruSA tenuM avAranavAra raTaNa karatA hatA. puSTi saMpradAye aneka strIone ghelI karI hatI. temanI marajAda" levAnI bhAvanA vyApaka banI hatI. cUsta vaiSNavA kAInA hAthanI banAvelI rasAI jamatA nahi. jamatI vakhate gAmUtra, chANa, vagerethI jamInane zuddha karI tenA upara bhAjananI thALI mUkI jamatA. kaMThamAM tulasInI mALA paheratA. madiramAM premathI sevA ApatA. 63 ghaNA vaiSNavA potAnAM ane anya kuTu MbIjanenAM nAma kRSNa uparathI rAkhatA hatA. dA. ta., kRSNudAsa, vallabhadAsa, geAkaLadAsa, harivallabha, haridAsa, caraNudAsa, viThThaladAsa, raNachoDa, sAraMgadhara, dAmeAdara, dvArakAdAsa, navanItalAla, rAdhA, lakSmI, mIrAM, subhadrA, govardhana, rukmaNi, vrajalAla, meAhanalAla, mAdhavalAla, mAdhavadAsa, vRMdAvana, kanaiyAlAla vagere. dareka vaiSNava peAtAnAM bALakane prahmasa badha levaDAvavAnA khAsa Agraha rAkhe che. tee kapALamAM UbhuM tilaka kare che. samAjamAM mahAaicchava, phAga, janmASTamI vagere utsavA leAkeA premathI Ujave che. vaiSNava dizamAM hiDALA ane pAraNAMnA divaseAnuM mahattva vizeSa che. zrAvaNa mAsamAM zarUAtamAM janmASTamInA pahelAMnA divase e vividha prakAranA hiDALAmAM bhagavAnane jhulAvavAmAM Ave che. ghaNAM maMdiramAM kalAtmaka hiMDALA taiyAra karavAmAM Ave che. keTalAMka maMdiramAM hiDALAne phUlathI, phaLathI ke raMgakheraMgI vastrothI suMdara rIte zaNagAravAmAM Ave che. keTalAMka maMdiramAM cAMdInA hiDALA jovA maLe che. vaiSNava soMpradAyamAM sadevane sarakhA mAnela hovA chatAM cUsta puSTi mAgI e anya devAnuM nAma letA nathI. keTaleka ThekANe te geAkulezanA anuyAyIe jayazrIkRSNa paNa kheAlatA nathI. tee ekInane maLatAM "jaya jaya zrI geAkuleza" khele che. samAjamAM bhAgavata pArAyaNanA mahimA vizeSa che. bhAvika bhakto bhAdaravA mAsamAM bhAgavata saptAha besADe che. aneka bhAvikA kRSNanA jIvana prasa MgAnuM premathI zravaNa kare che. dhaNA leAkeA peAtAnA snehIenA pUNyArthe bhAgavata saptAhanuM AyeAjana karatA hoya che. bhAgavata pArAyaNamAM viSNunA judA judA avatAranu vaNuM na karavAmAM Avela che. dhaNA leAkeA sImaMta jevA praMsageAe mAmeru gavaDAve che,

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64 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya sAhitya para asara : viSNunI bhaktinI paraMparAmAM kRSNabhaktimAM premalakSaNa bhaktine mahimA vizeSa che. gujarAtanuM sAhitya kRSNabhaktinA raMge raMgAyeluM jovA maLe che. narasiMha, mIrAM, premAnaMda, dayArAma jevA kavionI kRtiomAM bhArobhAra kRSNabhakti dekhAya che. narasiMha mahetA viSNubhakta hatA. temanAM kAvyomAM kRSNanI bALalIlA varNavela che. narasiMha mahetAe rAsalIlAne lagatAM kAvya racyAM che. temaNe eka kAvyamAM kahyuM che ke, "ame evA re, amo evA re, tamo kahe che. vaLI tevA re, - bhakti karatAM je bhaSTa kaheze te karazuM dAmodaranI sevA re." mIrAMe potAnA kAvyamAM "mere to giridhara gopAla dUsarA na keI. ane goviMda prANa amAre re mane jaga lAge khAre re" jevAM aneka pado dvArA kRSNabhaktino mahimA gAye. bhAlaNe rAmavivAha racyuM. bhAgavatanA dazama skaMdhane anuvAda karyo. premAnaMde purANomAMthI prasaMge laIne vividha AkhyAne racyAM. temaNe okhAharaNa, sudAmA caritra, mAmeruM vagere racIne kRSNacaritrane mahimA gAyo. A samaye okhAharaNa, rukamiNI haraNa, prahalAdAkhyAna, dhruvAkhyAna. gajendramekSa, rAsapaMcAdhyAyI, sudAmAkhyAna, gavardhanalIlA, dazAvatAranI kathA vagere vaiSNava saMpradAyane lagatA vividha graMtha racAyA. kavi dayArAme zRMgArarasanAM bhaktinAM pade racI premalakSaNA bhaktino mahimA gAya. teo sakhIbhAve bhagavAnane bhajatA. temaNe rasikavallabha, puSTi paMtha rahasya, ajAmilAkhyAna, vallabhAcAryanuM jIvanavRtAMta vagere racyAM. temanI garabIoe garavI gujarAtaNane ghelI banAvI dIdhI hatI. Aje paNa dayArAmanI garabIo aneka ThekANe gavAya che. temaNe kRSNabhaktimAM taraboLa thaI eka padamAM gAyuM che ke garabe ramavAne gerI nisaryA re lola" rAdhikA raMgIlI abhirAma vrajavAsaNa re lola" tALI letAM vAge jhAMjhara jhUmakhAM re lola, gara jovAne giradhara AvIyA re lola mohyA nirakhI zyAmAnuM svarUpa;..vraja tALI

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kauNava saMpradAya bIjAmAM gAyuM che ke raMga rasiyA kayAM ramI AvyA rAsa je, AMkhalaDI rAtI ne ujAgarA bahu thayA." vaLI, eka ThekANe gAyuM che ke kaI saMge lapaTANA vAlamajI, kaMI saMge lapaTANuM. "citta tuM zIdane ciMtA dhare kRSNane karavuM hoya te kare." uparanA dAkhalAo parathI jaNAya che ke dayArAme pitAnAM kAvyo dvArA zRMgArarasane kendramAM rAkhI premalaSNu bhaktine mahimA gAya che. Ama, madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhitya para vaiSNava saMpradAyanI vyApaka asara vartAya che. vaiSNava dharmanAM tIrthadhAma: gujarAtamAM vaiSNava dharmanAM tIrthadhAmamAM beThakanAM sthaLo uparAMta dvArakA, DAkAra, zAmaLAjI vagere noMdhapAtra sthAna dharAve che. dvArakA : arabI samudrane kinAre AveluM dvArakA saurASTranuM dhapAtra tIrthadhAma che. ahIM rukimaNuM maMdira, saMgamaghATa paranuM maMdira, zrI trikamarAyanuM maMdira, mAdhavarAyanuM maMdira, devakIjInuM maMdira, jagata maMdira, baladevajInuM maMdira, kuzezvara mahAdeva, zrI jAMbuvaMtIcha, rAdhikAjI, zrI lakSmInArAyaNa, zrI satyabhAmAjI vagerenAM maMdire, zaMkarAcAryanI gAdI vagere noMdhapAtra sthaLo che. A sarvemAM dvArakAdhIzanuM maMdira mukhya che. sthApatyakIya dRSTie paNa te noMdhapAtra che. dvArakAdhIzanA mukhya maMdiramAM raNachoDajInI mUrti che. A caturbhuja viSNunuM trivikama svarUpa che. jemAM emanA nIcalA DAbA hAthamAM zaMkha, upalA DAbA hAthamAM cakra, upalA jamaNA hAthamAM gadA ane nIcalA smaNA hAthamAM pakva hoya che. enI be bAjue trivikrama ane pradyumananAM maMdiro che. hAlanA pazcimAbhimukha maMdiranuM svarUpa IsunI 15 mI 16 mI sadInI AsapAsanuM che. A pahelAMnA maMdirane I. sa. 1473mAM mahamUda begaDAe nAza karyo hato. hAlanuM maMdira mughalakAlamAM baMdhAyuM hoya tema lAge che. maMdira garbhagRha (nijamaMdira), aMtarAla, pradakSiNu patha, sabhAmaMDapa, mukhamaMDapa (zRMgAra cekI) gu. 5

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gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya vagerenuM baneluM che. maMdiranuM zikhara 100 phUTa UMcuM che. sabhAmaMDapa kataraNavALA vizALa staMbhane baneluM che. maMdiranA jharUkhA krame krame upara jatAM nAnA banatA jAya che. maMdirane sAta jharUkhA che. pradakSiNuM pathamAM pUrva tathA dakSiNe trivikrama tathA uttare lakSmInArAyaNanI yugala pratimAo AvelI che. maMdiramAM anya ThekANe dikapAla, Indra, IzAna, kubera, vAyu, varuNa, naiRti, yama vagerenI mUtio jovA maLe che. maMdiranA mukhya zikharanI cotarapha traNa traNa Uru thaMge che. maMdirane pAMca majalAno maMDapa che. maMdiramAM praveza mATenA dakSiNa dvArane svargadvAra kahe che. te gomatIne aDIne AveluM che. uttara taraphanA dvArane mokSaThAra kahe che. e dvArane mukhya daravAje bajAramAM paDe che. maMdirane aDIne devakIjI, jAMbuvaMtI, rAdhikA, satyabhAmA vagerenAM sthAnake che. maMdiramAM gAsanamAM beThela eka viSNunI caturbhuja pratimA jovA maLe che. A uparAMta mAdhavarAya ane pradyumanajInAM maMdire paNa nikaTamAM che. (juo ci. naM. 11) dvArakAnA maMdiramAM pUjAne adhikAra, gugaLI brAhmaNonA hAthamAM che. hamezAM hajAro yAtrALuo ahIM Ave che. janmASTamInA divase ahIM bhavya utsava UjavAya che, zAmaLAjI: sAbarakAMThA jillAmAM AveluM zAmaLAjI eka vaiSNava tIrtha che. ahIM mezvo nadInA kinAre viSNunuM eka vizALa maMdira AveluM che. A maMdira soLamA saikAnuM manAya che. ahIM trivikrama svarUpanA viSNunI pratimA pUjAya che. maMdira garbhagRha, pradakSiNApatha, aMtarAla, gUDhamaMDapa, zRMgAra cekIothI zebhe che. ahIMnI sevA (sevya) pratimA lagabhaga cAreka phUTa UMcI che. caturbhuja che. tenA jamaNuM upalA hAthamAM gadA, nIcalA jamaNe hAthamAM pakva, DAbA upalA hAthamAM cakra ane DAbA nIcalA hAthamAM zaMkha Avela che. maMdira pUrvAbhimukha che. tenI cAre bAju zaiva ane viSNava saMpradAyonAM zipa zebhI rahyAM che. maMdiranI bahAranI dIvAlanA naratharamAM rAmAyaNa, bhAgavata ane mahAbhAratanA prasaMge kaMDArela che. hAlamAM A maMdirane jIrNoddhAra thatAM khaMDita zilpanI jagyAe navAM zilpa besADayAM che. (juo. ci. naM. 10)

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27 auSNava saMpradAya DAkora : gujarAtanA kheDA jillAmAM AveluM DAkora e vaiSNava saMpradAyanuM suprasiddha tIrthadhAma che. ahIM raNachoDajInuM vizALa maMdira AveluM che. dvArakAdhIzanI jema ahIM paNa pratimA caturbhuja trivikrama svarUpanA viSNu bhagavAnanI che. tene dvArakAthI bhakta boDANuM lAvyA tevI anuzruti pracalita che. A mUrti lAvatAM kAbAonA hAthe boDANAne vadha thayA hatA. hAlanuM maMdira pezvAnA zarApha gopALa jaganAtha tAMbekare I.sa. 1772mAM dakSiNanI sthApatya zailInA AdhAre baMdhAvyuM. ahIMnuM maMdira sarvane mATe khuhaluM che. ahIM dara Aso ane kArataka suda pUrNimAe meLo bharAya che. sAmAnya divasomAM pUrNimAe aneka yAtrALuo darzanArthe Ave che. gujarAtanI keTalIka noMdhapAtra viSNunI pratimAo vaiSNava saMpradAyanA ArAdhyadeva viSNu manAya che. viSNu eTale hiMduonA agragaNya deva, jagatanuM pAlana karanArA, vizvapAlaka. bhAratIya saMskRtimAM viSNunAM covIsa svarUpo ane eka hajAra nAma pracalita che. covIsa svarUponI pratimA UbhI che. emanA keI bhaMga nathI. cAre hAthamAM Ayudho che. mAthe kirITa mukuTa dhAraNa karelA hoya che. AyudhamAM anukrame zaMkha, cakra, gadA, padma jaNAya che. viSNunI pratimAnA cAra hAthamAM judAM judAM Ayudho dhAraNa karAvIne judAM judAM svarUpe prayojAya che. rU5maMDana nAmanA mUrtizAstranA graMthamAM AyudhAnA judA judA krama pramANe varga pADIne viSNunAM 24 svarUpo jaNAvela che. keTalAka graMthamAM AyudhamAM cheDeka taphAvata jaNAya che, paNa rUpamaMDananI yAdI saMpUrNa manAya che. ene bheda AyudhAdi krama pramANe jaNAvela che. hAthonAM AyudhonA krama badalAtAM viSNunuM svarUpa badalAya che. viSNunI viziSTa pratimAo : | gujarAtamAMthI sAmAnya rIte viSNunAM badhAM ja svarUponI pratimAo jude jude ThekANethI maLe che. dA.ta., anAvaDA (pATaNa pAse,) nArAyaNa sarovara-karacha acalezvara mahAdeva (Abu), pATaNa vagere sthaLoe viSNunI keTalIka noMdhapAtra pratimAo jovA maLe che. (1) trivikrama (zAmaLAjI) : viSNunA trivikrama svarUpanI eka mAnavakadanI bhavya pratimA paMdaramI sadInA uttarArdhamAM baMdhAyela zAmaLAjImAM devagadAdharanA maMdiramAM che. A pratimA caturbhuja

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gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya che. jamaNA upalA hAthamAM gadA, nIcale hAtha abhayamudrAmAM padma sAthe, DAbA upalA hAthamAM cakra ane DAbA nIcalA hAthamAM zaMkha jevAmAM Ave che. A pratimA vize lokomAM keTalIka daMtakathAo pracalita che. eka anuzruti anusAra jANavA maLe che ke "eka vakhata zAmaLAjI upara musalamAnonuM AkramaNa thavAnI aphavA phelAtAM eka bhakate keTalIka pratimAone taLAvamAM saMtADI dIdhI. thoDAka samaya bAda tapAsa karatAM e pratimAo jaDI nahIM. vAta visAre paDI. keTalAka vakhata bAda taLAvanI bAjunI jamIna kheDatAM eka bhIlanA haLa sAthe kaMIka athaDAyuM. bhale UMDuM khodatAM pratimAo hAtha lAgI, sarva pratimAone bahAra kADhIne palAzanA vRkSa nIce mUkavAmAM AvI. tenI AsapAsa eka iMTerI maMdira baMdhAvyuM. samaya jatAM tyAM paththaranuM maMdira baMdhAyuM." bIjI eka anuzruti pramANe jANavA maLe che ke eka vakhata A bhIlane tyAM pratimAo maLyA bAda eka vaNika pitAnuM leNuM vasUla karavA gaye. vaNika khetaranuM anAja tela gaye paNa anAjano Dhagalo ocho thAya ja nahi. vaNike AnuM kAraNa na samajAtAM tapAsa karI te jANavA maLyuM ke A pelI pratimA ene pratApa che. vaNike potAnuM sarva leNuM jatuM karyuM ane tyAM zAmaLiyAnuM eka maMdira baMdhAvyuM." trIjI eka anuzrutI anusAra jANavA maLe che ke mukhya maMdiramAM pratimAo padharAvatI vakhate eka prazna upasthita thaze ke A be mUrtiomAMthI asala mUrti kaI ? pUjArI ane rAjavI baMne akaLAyA. te rAtre rAjavIne svapna AvyuM ke "je mUrtimAMthI gopAla saMbhaLAya tene asala mAnavI." AthI rAjAe bIjA divase pratimAo tapAsI, aMte bhIlanI pAsethI maLelI pratimAnA mukhamAMthI gopAla zabda saMbhaLAtAM tene maMdiramAM padharAvI. A sarva uparathI eTaluM phalita thAya che ke prAcInakALamAM musalamAnanA AkramaNa samaye pratimAone khaMDita thavAnA bhayathI saMtADI devAmAM AvI haze. samaya jatAM vAta bhulAI gaI haze. pAchaLathI pratimAo jaDatAM tene padharAvI haze. hAlamAM A pratimAnI zAmaLAjImAM viziSTa rIte puSTi saMpradAya anusAra pUjA thAya che. pUjAne adhikAra moDAsAnA udumbara brAhmaNa zrI zivaprasAda zAmaLadAsa raNuM dharAve che. devagadAdhara' udumbara brAhmaNonA ISTadeva manAya che. vizvarUpa (zAmaLAjI) : viSaNunI vIsa hAtha dharAvatI pratimAne vizvarUpa viSNu tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. A vizvarUpanI eka pratimA zAmaLAjImAM mezvo nadInA kinAre Avela

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69 auoNava saMpradAya raghunAthajInA maMdiramAM AvelI che. A pratimA hAlamAM kaLazI chokarAnI mA' tarIke pUjAya che. ahIMnA AdivAsIo potAnA bALakanI rakSA mATe AnI mAnatA mAne che. A sthaLe Avela keIpaNa AdivAsI strI AnAM darzana karyA sivAya ghera jatI nathI, pratimA trimukha ane aSTabhuja che. cothuM mukha pAchaLanI bAjue hoI zake. pratimA upara pItAMbara ane kaMdare spaSTa rIte kaMDArela che. pratimAnA khabhA upara trevIsa jeTalI pratimAo jevI ke hayagrIva, trimukha ziva, brahmA, rAma, balarAma, kRSNa, varAha, Indra, agni, sUrya caMdra vagere jovA maLe che. pratimAnA paga pAse anaMta nAganI pratimA che. AvI eka pratimA kaThalAla; (ji. kheDA)mAM paNa AvelI che. trivikama viSNu (gaDhA zAmaLAjI)H sAbarakAMThA jillAmAM zAmaLAjI pAsenA rAdhIvADAthI lagabhaga cAra ki.mI. ne aMtare gaDhA-zAmaLAjI nAmanuM eka prAcIna sthaLa AveluM che. zAmaLAjInuM mULa sthAna ahIM hatuM ema manAya che. ahIMnA eka prAcIna maMdiramAM viSNunI eka suMdara kALA paththaranI caturbhuja pratimA AvelI che. pratimAnI AsapAsanA parikaramAM dazAvatAranI pratimAo kaMDArela che. pratimAnA jamaNuM upalA hAthamAM gadA, nIcalA jamaNe hAthamAM padma, jayAre DAbA upalA hAthamAM cakra ane DAbA nIcalA hAthamAM zaMkha dhAraNa karela che. mAthe kirITa mukuTa ane kAnamAM kuMDaLa che. gaLAmAM ekAvalI hAra che. Ayudhono krama jotAM A viSNunA trivikrama svarUpanI pratimA che. A pratimA lagabhaga soLamI sadInI hovAnuM anumAna che. (juo ci. naM. 8) lakSmInArAyaNa viSNu (rAdhIvADA) : zAmaLAjI pAse rAdhIvADA nAme gAmanA eka prAcIna maMdiramAM lakSmInArAyaNa tarIke pUjAtI viSNunI eka suMdara pratimA AvelI che. viSNu sAthe lakSmI che. baMne UbhA darzAvela che. pAchaLa dazAvatAranuM parikara che. pratimA caturbhuja che. AyudhomAM gadA, zaMkha vagere spaSTa jaNAya che. (juo ci.naM. 9) upendra-viSNu (moDAsA) : sAbarakAMThA jillAmAM mAjuma nadInA kinAre AveluM moDAsA eka prAcIna aitihAsika sthaLa che. ahIM I.sa. 1940 mAM nadInA taTamAMthI sabalapura pAsethI eka viSNunI ane bIjI mAnava garuDanI pratimA maLI hatI. viSNunI pratimA kALA lIsA paththaranI mAnava kadanI che. upalA jamaNuM hAthamAM gadA, nIcalA

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gujarAtanA dhama soMpradAya jamaNA hAthamAM zaMkha, upalA DAbA hAthamAM cakra ane nIcalA DAbA hAthamAM padma dhAraNa karela che. AyudhAne krama jotAM te viSNunA upendra svarUpanI pratimA hAvAnu jaNAya che. pratimAnI sAthe maLela garuDanI pratimA dvimukha ane ali mudrAmAM che. gaLAmAM nAga viMTALela che pITha uparanI ardha khulelI pAMkhA pratimAne gauravavaMtI banAve che. 70 AdivarAha viSNu : meADAsA pAse mAjuma nadInA taTamAMthI viSNunA trIjA avatAra varAhanI lagabhaga khAramI sadInI hAvAnuM manAtI eka suMdara pratimA maLI Avela che. A pratimA doDavAnI taiyArI karatA varAhanI che. meADhA nIce nAga mAnavasvarUpa ka DArela che. nAganA pUchaDAvALA bhAga varAhanA cAre pagamAMthaI pUMchaDAne maLe che. varAha ane nAganA pUMchaDAnI gAMTha pADI che. varAhanA DAbA paDakhe zeSanAganI bAjumAM pRthvInI nAnI mUrti kAtarela che. varAhanI pITha upara hAthI ane brahmAnI pratimA koMDArela che. DAbIbAjue AgaLanA ane pAchaLanA paga pAse cakra tathA za Mkha che, jyAre pUchaDA AgaLa padma ane gadA batAvela che. gujarAtamAM A eka virala pratimA che. hAlamAM A pratimA sabalapuranA maMdiramAM rAkhela che. tenI vyavasthita rIte pUjA thAya che. zeSazAyI viSNu (dAheAda) : zeSazAyI viSNunI keTalIka pratimAe gujarAtamAMthI maLe che. viSNue zeSanAga upara zayana karyuM mATe te zeSazAyI viSNu tarIke eLakhAya che. paMcamahAla jillAnA dAhoda gAmanA taLAvamAMthI zeSazAyI viSNunI eka su Mdara mUrti maLI Avela che. tenu pratimAvidhAna atyaMta suMdara che. vijApura pAsenA mahuDInA kATayaka jInA maMdiramAM AvI eka suMdara pratimA Avela che. nRsiMha (bu) : gujarAtamAM pADhaNu, DabhoI, vaDedarA ane sArASTramAM vividha sthaLoe viSNunA nRsiMha avatAranAM maMdire jovA maLe che. kadavAranA varAhama diramAM nRsiMhanI garuDArUDha pratimA che. AjImAM vimalavasahinI chatamAM nRsiMha svarUpanI eka suMdara pratimA chetAlIsa naMbaranI derInA AgaLanA maMDapanI chatamAM kAtarelI che. AvI A eka ja mUrti che. AyudhAmAM cakra, padma, gadA ane za Mkha dekhAya che. saiArASTramAM mAdhavapura pAse AvuM eka suMdara zilpa Avelu che.

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vaiSNava saMpradAya gAva nadhArI viSNu (pATaNa) : viSNunA A svarUpanI eka suMdara pratimA pATaNanA gAva dhanadhArI maMdiramAM AvelI che. A pratimA lagabhaga 4aa phUTanI che. kALA ArasamAMthI banAvela che. temAM bhagavAna zrIkRSNane pagamAM AMTI vALIne UbhelA darzAvela che. be hAtha paikI DAbA hAthe TacalI A~gaLI upara gAvardhana parvata dhAraNa karela che. khIjo jamA hAtha chAtI pAse, pagamAM padma, pAchaLa pIThikAmAM baMne bAju ziva, brahmA, pratlAda, nArada, dhruva, ariSa, bhISma, zukadeva vagere lAkaDIo vaDe pava tane TakA ApatA darzAvela che. kRSNanI pIThikAmAM sAmAnya rIte dazAvatArA kAtaravAnI prathA heAya che. AthI A eka viziSTa pratimA kahevAya che. dvArakAdhIza viSNu : viSNunI A pratimA paNa noMdhapAtra che. dvArakAnA dvArakAdhIzanA ma MdiranI A sevya pratimA che. A viSNunA trivikrama svarUpanI pratimA che. nIcalA jamaNA hAthamAM padma, upalA jamaNA hAthamAM gadA, upalA DAbA hAthamAM cakra ane nIcalA DAbA hAthamAM zaMkha dhAraNa karela che. nIja maMdiramAM sthapAyela che. A ja pramANe DAkAranA racheDajInA maMdiramAM paNa AvA ja viSNunI eka sevya pratimA che. nIjama MdiramAM AvelI che. rAja tenu puSTisauMpradAya pramANe pUjana arcana thAya che. kRSNAvatAra viSNu : viSNunA A svarUpanI pratimA gujarAtanA paMcamahAla jillAnA devagaDhakhAriyA tAlukAnA sagadALA gAmamAMthI maLa Avela che. A gAma khAriyAthI cheTAudepura javAnA mArge lagabhaga 78 ki. mI. dUra AveluM che. Azare 15 thI 16mI sadInI manAtI, pArevA paththaratI A pratimA 12 se.mI. UMcI ane 60 se.mI. paheALI che, jemAM caturbhu-ja zrIkRSNe tribha MgamAM UbhelA darzAvelA che. temanA jamaNA hAthamAM gadA ane nIcenA jamaNA hAthamAM zaMkha che. jyAre uparanA DAbA hAthamAM padma ane nIcenA DAbA hAthamAM cakra che. rUpamaMDanamAM jaNAvyA pramANe A viSNunA ceAvIsa avatAra mAMnu zrI kRSNa svarUpa che. kRSNanA mAthe kirITa mukuTa che. tenI AsapAsa gAyA ane geApIe darzAvela che. jamaNI bAjue taLiyethI uparanA kramamAM matsya, varAha, vAmana tathA rAma ane buddhanA avatArA darzAvelA che. jyAre DAbI bAjue sUma,

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gujarAtanA dhama sa`pradAya narasiMha, parazurAma, viSNu ane kalki avatArA darzAvela che. viziSTa tribha MgamAM paganI AMTI mArela che. A pratimAnI vizeSatA e che ke temAM viSNunA dazAvatAramAM kRSNane sthAne viSNunI pratimA khatAvela che. AnuM kAraNa e hoI zake ke A pratimA kRSNanI hAvAthI AjubAjunA parikaranA dazAvatAramAM kRSNane badale viSNunI pratimA darzAvI hoya. caturbhu ja svarUpamAM viSNunAM AyudhA sahita zrIkRSNanI kadAca A virala mUrti haze. 72 TUMkamAM, gujarAtamAM A uparAMta mAMgarALa, mAdhavapura, pATaNa, vaDanagara, vaDhavANu, meDherA, verAvaLa, zAmaLAjI, pAvAgaDha vagere aneka sthAe viSNunI 9 mIthI 14mI sadInI pratimAe maLatAM gujarAtamAM A saMpradAya dhaNA lAMmA samaya Takayo hAvAnu jaNAya che. sadbha graMthA gujarAtanA prAcIna itihAsa. (1) vaiSNava dharmanA saMkSipta itihAsa. (2) gujarAtanAM tIrtha sthAnA, (3) prA. ra. cheA. parIkha DaoN. ha. ga. zAstrI (sa.)(3) gujarAtanA rAjkIya ane sAMskRtika itihAsa graMtha 4, 5, 6, 7. (4) puSkarabhAI geAkANI DaoN. jayatilAla ThAkara (sa.) dvArakA. (5) OMA. navInacaMdra AcArya (1) OMA. ha. ga. zAstrI (2) 6. ke. zAstrI zAmaLAjI.

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4 zAkata saMpradAya ane anya hiMdu devAnI ArAdhanA (1) zAkata saMpradAya : bhAratamAM zAkta saMpradAya dhaNA prAcIna kALathI pracalita che. haDappIya saMskRtinA avazeSomAMthI zAkta (mAtRdevI)nI pratimAe maLI Avela che. A sthaLoethI maLela pratimA dareka makAnamAMthI maLI Avela che. tethI tenI upAsanA ghera ghera thatI hoya tema jaNAya che. mehe-jo-daDAnI eka mudrA para lAMchanamAM eka devIne pIpaLAnA thaDanI be DALIe vacce UbhelI AlekhavAmAM AvI che. haDappAnI eka mudrA para lAMchanamAM enI cenimAMthI vRkSanA kura phUTatA batAvyA che. A parathI A devI vanaspati sAthe sa MbaMdha dharAvatI hAya tema lAge che, balucistAna, sumera, sIriyA, krITa, misara jevA dezamAM AvI saja kazaktinI Thera Thera upAsanA thatI hatI. leke tene mAtRdevI' tarIke ArAdhatA. vedakAlamAM Rgveda, yajurveda, sAmaveda vageremAMthI zaktipUjA vizenA ullekhA maLe che. RgvedamAM aditi" mAtAnuM varNana che. uSAdevInAM sUktomAM zaktinA kumArIbhAva batAvyA che. AraNyakeAmAM tripurAnA ullekha maLe che. A uparAMta gAyatrI, sAvitrI, sarasvatI vagere nAmeA brAhmaNu tathA AraNyaka gra MthAmAMthI maLe che. purANAmAM karma purANamAM zaktipUjAneA mahimA gAya che. A uparAMta devI bhAgavata, kAlikApurANa, zaktisa gamata tra, lakSmItaMtra, zyAmA rahasya, zAkatakrama, kAlikAkArakUTa vagere graMthAmAMthI devIpUjAne lagatI ghaNI mAhitI maLe che. zaktisaMpradAyanA anuyAyIe zAkto tarIke eLakhAtA. zAkto pUjA dravyamAM strI, mAMsa, madya vagerenA upayoga karatA. tee Ane devI upAsanAnu mahattvanuM aMga mAne che. A leA vAmamArgI e tarIke oLakhAya che. keTalAka leAkeA yaMtra maMtra dvArA zaktinI upAsanA kare che. zaktinA yaMtrane zrI cakra" kahe che. devIbhAgavatamAM zaktipUjAnAM sthAnA ane nAmeAnA ullekha che. ahIM 108 devInAM nAma Apela che. A samAM bhadrA, jayA, kAlI, mahAlakSmI, umA,

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gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya pracaMDA, caMDikA vagere nedhapAtra che. devIpIThemAM kAzI, puSkara, haradvAra, dvArakA, vRMdAvana vagere agatyanAM sthaLa manAya che. | gujarAtanAM zAktapIThemAM ArAsuramAM (aMbikApITha) giranAramAM ane pAvAgaDhamAM, (kAlikApITha) che. cuMvALamAM bahucarAjInuM sthAnaka, porabaMdara pAse harasiddhi devIpITha, kacchamAM nArAyaNa sarovara pAse AzApurI mAtAne gaDha, okhAbaMdaramAM abhayAmAtA pITha, dvArakAmAM rukimaNuM, caMdrabhAgA, bhadrakAlIpITha, haLavadamAM suMdarIpITha, narmadAtaTe anasUyA kSetra, vagere noMdhapAtra devI sthAne che. gujarAtamAM devIpUjAne pracAra ? gujarAtamAM ghaNuM prAcInakAlathI zAkta saMpradAya pracalita hatA. dvArakAnA pradezamAM zrIkRSNa vasavATa karyo te vakhatathI saurASTramAM zAkta saMpradAya astitva dharAvate hato ema purANe parathI jANavA maLe che. ArAsuranI devI aMbikApITha ghaNuM prAcIna sthAna manAya che. anuzruti pramANo jANavA maLe che ke zrIkRSNane caulakarma saMskAra A sthaLe tha hato ane rukimaNI devI aMbikAnA pUjana mATe A sthaLe AvyAM hatAM. tyAMthI temanuM haraNa thayuM hatuM. A vize kaI atihAsika pramANa maLatuM nathI. tema chatAM tenA parathI eTaluM spaSTa thAya che ke gujarAtamAM ghaNuM prAcInakALathI zaktipUjA pracalita hatI. kSatrapAlamAM devIpUjA pracalita hatI tema gujarAtamAMthI maLela keTalIka kSatrapakAlIna devI pratimAo uparathI jANavA maLe che. zAmaLAjI ane tenI AsapAsanA pradezamAMthI nIcenI keTalIka nAnI moTI kSatrapakAlIna hiMdudevIonI pratimAo maLI Avela cheH (1) kamare hAtha daI tribhaMgamAM UbhelI ane paga pAse UbhelA nAnA bALaka sAthenI pakSI ke keInI devInI pratimA (2) mAtA ane zizunI adhaMkAya khaMDita mUrti (3) bhIlaDI vege UbhelI pArvatInI pratimA (4) zAmaLAjImAMthI maLela cAmuMDAdevInI UbhI pratimA. A uparAMta A pradezamAMthI keTalIka saptamAtRkAonI kSatrapakAlIna pratimAne o maLI Avela che. A sarva uparathI jaNAya che ke kSatrapAlamAM gujarAtamAM zaktipUjA pracalita hatI. A samaye zaktipUjA mahad aMze zaivasaMpradAya sAthe saMkaLAyela hatI. tene koI svataMtra saMpradAya tarIke vikAsa thayela hoya tema jaNAtuM nathI. maitrakakAlamAM paNa zAkta saMpradAya gujarAtamAM pracalita hato tema maitraka rAjavI dhruvasenanA tAmrapatra uparathI jaNAya che. A rAjavInA dAnapatramAM devInuM nAma

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zAkata saMpradAya ane anya hiMdu devanI ArAdhanA keTTamUhikA" Apela che. dAna saurASTramAM Avela trisaMgamaka nAme gAmamAM Avela devI maMdirane ApeluM hatuM. ahIM Avela devInI pratimA durgAnA raudra svarU5nI hovAnuM Da. ha. ga. zAstrI mAne che. dharasena trIjAnA dAnapatramAM "zaMkarikA' nAme devI maMdirane ullekha che. dhruvasena bIjAnA eka dAnazAsanamAM devI-kSetrane ulekha che. keTTanmahikA" devInA ullekhavALA tAmrapatramAM devapUjAne ullekha che temAM gabdha, puSpa, dhUpa, ane dIpanA tela mATe gAmanA gaMja(khajAne)mAMthI rojane eka rUpiye ApavAnuM jaNAvyuM che. A uparAMta guhilotpatinI praNAli kathAmAM valabhInA chellA rAjA zIlAdityanI rANI valabhI vinAzanA samaye aMbAjInI yAtrAe gaI hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che. A sarva ulekha parathI eTaluM spaSTa thAya che ke maitrakakAlamAM gujarAtamAM zAkta saMpradAya vyApaka rIte vistarela hato. cAvaDA vaMzanA rAjavIo e paNa devI maMdira baMdhAvyAM hatAM. vanarAje kaMTakezvarInuM, lahare viMghavAsinInuM, yogarAje bhaTTArikA yogezvarInuM tathA AvaDe kaMTakezvarInuM maMdira baMdhAvyuM hatuM. A sarva uparathI cAvaDAonA samayamAM gujarAtamAM devapUjA pracalita hatI tema jaNAya che. gujarAtamAM solaMkIkALa daramyAna devIpUjAne vyApaka rIte pracAra thayo hoya tema tatkAlIna abhilekho, sAhitya, zilpa ane sthApatyanA avazeSa uparathI jaNAya che. A samaye devIpUjA sarasvatI, aMbikA, mahAkAlI, zItaLA, durgA, vagere nAme pracalita hatI. siddharAja jayasiMhanA samayamAM devI bhaTTArikAnuM maMdira baMdhAyuM hatuM. devamAlAnuM liMbAjI mAtAnuM maMdira tathA miyANInuM harasiddhi mAtAnuM maMdira caulukyakAlIna hovAnuM manAya che. A samaye racAyelA kavi somezvara racita surathotsava kAvyamAM pAMca loka durgAne lagatA che. kavi bAlacaMdranA vasaMtavilAsamAM zarUAtamAM sarasvatInuM varNana karela che. ca. pra.mAM aMbikAdevIne ullekha maLe che. vi. saM. 135ramAM lakhAyela vikamaMjarI nAmanA graMthanI hastapratamAM sarasvatInuM citra jovA maLe che. Abu uparanA lUNigavasahi maMdiramAM sarasvatInI pratimA kaMDArela che. pATaNamAM aSTApadajInA jainamaMdiramAM AvelI eka aMbikAnI pratimAnI pATalImAM vi. saM. 1318ne lekha jevA maLe che. vi. saM. 1320 (I.sa. 1264)nA kAMTelAmAMthI maLelA lekhamAM saurASTramAMnA adhikArI sAmaMtasiMhe caMDikAnI mUrti padharAvyAne ulekha che. vi. saM. 1328(I.sa. 1272)nA kacchanA "rava' gAmamAMthI maLelA lekhamAM

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gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya ravecI mAtAnA ullekha che. dhINejanuM vAghezvarI mAtAnuM maMdira teramI sadInuM hevAnuM manAya che. uparanA sarva ulekha parathI spaSTa thAya che ke selaMkIkALa daramiyAna aMbikA, sarasvatI, caMDikA, mahAkAlI, vagere devIonI pUjA pracalita hatI. aMbikA jenenI ArAdhya devI manAtI hatI. aneka jainamaMdiramAMthI aMbikAnI pratimA maLI Avela che. salatanatakAla daramiyAna gujarAtamAM IslAmane prasAra vadhatAM aneka hiMdu devaLIne nAza thayo. tenA pariNAme vividha dharmasaMpradAyane pracAra sthagita thaI gaye. Ama chatAM zAkta saMpradAya prAcInakALathI cAlyA AvatA svarUpe samAjamAM TakI rahyo. A samaye gujarAtamAM aMbA, kAlI ane bAlAnAM zaktipITha uparAMta bIjAM nAnAMmeTAM devI maMdire gujarAtamAM astitvamAM hatAM. satanatakAlanA abhilekhamAM AvAM maMdiranA ullekho maLe che. ghaNuM abhilekhamAM AraMbhamAM mAtAnI stuti karelI jovA maLe che. mANasAnI vAvamAMthI maLela vi. saM. 1582nA lekhamAM varUNa, vizvakarmA ane parAzaktinuM stavana kareluM che. A samaye aMbikA, zAradA, kAlikA vagerenAM maMdire baMdhAyAM hovAnuM abhilekho parathI jaNAya che. saltanatakAlanA abhilekhomAM ArAsuranuM aMbikA pITha, kAlAvaDanAM zItaLAmAtA, haLavadanI bhavAnI mAtA ane vAMkAneranAM mahAlakSmInAM maMdirane ullekha jovA maLe che. mughalakAlamAM zaktipUjA e ghara gharanI pUjA banI gaI hatI. dareka kuTuMba, jJAti, grAma vagerene potAnI svataMtra kuLadevI hatI. dareka zubhakArya vakhate kuLadevInI pUjA karavAnI prathA sAmAnya banI hatI. DabhoInA killA uparanuM kAlikAnuM maMdira mughalakAla daramyAna baMdhAyuM hovAnuM te samayanA tyAMthI maLelA lekha uparathI jaNAya che. vartamAna samayamAM paNa gujarAtamAM devIpUjA prAcInakALathI cAlyA AvatA svarUpe pracalita che. ghaNA leke navarAtrIne mAtAnA divasa tarIke khUba dhAmadhUmathI Ujave che. ghaNA mAtAnI AThamane divase hemahavana kare che. zItaLA pUjA gAmaDAmAM TheraThera pracalita che. ghaNAM gAmamAM zItaLAnAM maMdire AvelAM che. ghaNI jJAtiomAM sImaMtonnayana saMskAra vakhate kuLadevInI pUjA karavAnI ane tene ramatAM ramatAM tenA sthAnake mUkI AvavAnI prathA che. moDherAmAM Avela mAtaMgI mAtA gujarAtanI moDha jJAtinI kuLadevI gaNAya che. vAyaDA vaNike ane brAhmaNonI.

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zAkata saMpradAya ane anya hiMdu devanI ArAdhanA kuLadevI vAyaDamAtA manAya che. gujarAtamAM vasatA AvyaMtara udumbara brAhmaNonI kuLadevI sarvamaMgalA manAya che. tenuM mULa sthAna zAmaLAjImAM hovAnuM manAya che. amadAvAdamAM bhadrakAlI ane kAlImAtAnAM sthAne ghaNuM lokapriya che. tAjetaramAM saMtoSImAtAnI tathA gAyatrI mAtAnI upAsanA vadhatI jAya che. gAyatrI mAtAnAM maMdire ThekaThekANe baMdhAtAM jAya che. Ama, vartamAna samayamAM devIpUjA saumya svarUpe pracalita che. aneka loko aMbAjI, pAvAgaDha, bahucarAjI vagere sthaLoe yAtrA arthe jAya che. mAtAnA nAme amuka cekkisa prakArane AcAra dharma pALe che. ghaNA lokonA devadharomAM mAtAnI mUrtio jovA maLe che. amadAvAdamAM Aje paNa navarAtrInA divasomAM mahele maholle mAtAnI pUjA tathA AratI thAya che. gujarAtanAM nAmAMkita zAktapITho: zAktapIThanI gaNanA vividha prakAre thayelI jaNAya che. maMtracUDAmaNimAM bAvana mahApITha gaNuvyAM che ane devIgItAnA prakaraNanA AThamA adhyAyamAM 72 pIThe gaNAvyAM che. A sarvapIThA zAkta saMpradAyanAM tIrthadhAmo gaNAya che. | gujarAtamAM zaktipIThemAM ArAsuranuM aMbikApITha mukhya che. kAlikApITha pAvAgaDha ane giranAramAM che. bAlAtripurAnuM sthAna cuMvALamAM Avela bahucarAjImAM che. miyANInuM harasiddhi mAtAnuM sthAna saurASTramAM prasiddha che. A uparAMta, kacchamAM AzApurA, peTalAdamAM AzApurA, okhAmaMDaLamAM abhayAmAtA, AraMbhaDAmAM lUNamAtA, dvArakAmAM rukimaNI, caMdrabhAgA ane bhadrakAlI, kAlAvaDamAM zItaLAmAtA haLavadamAM suMdarImAtA, upaleTA pAse khatrIonI kuLadevI mAtrImAtA, bhAvanagara pAse khoDiyAramAtA, AbumAM arbudAmAtA, narmadAtIre anasUyAmAtA, araNejamAM buTamAtA vagere jANItAM zAktapIThe che. A sarvemAM ArAsuranuM aMbAjInuM, pAvAgaDhamAM kAlikAnuM ane zaMkhalapuranuM bahucarAjInuM maMdira khUba jANItAM che. ArAsuranuM aMbAjInuM maMdira : ArAsuranuM aMbAjInuM maMdira bhUtapUrva dAMta rAjyanA adhikAra nIce hatuM. dAMtAnA rAjavIo pitAne aMbAjInA bhakta mAne che. A sthaLa sAthe gujarAtanA vaDanagarA, sAThodarA vagere nAgara brAhmaNe saMkaLAyela che. teo A sthAnane paraMparAthI vahIvaTa kare che. A sthaLe kArtika, mArgazIrSa ane bhAdrapada mAsanI

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gujarAtanA dhamara saMpradAya pUrNimAe meLo bharAya che. ahIM mAtAne pUjAne pahele hakaka nagara brAhmaNone hevAnuM manAya che. ahIMnuM maMdira ArasanuM che. tenuM garbhagRha vizALa che. tene bAhya AkAra gaDha jevo che. daravAjAnI AgaLa khulo coka che tene "cAcara coka kahe che. garbhagRhamAM mAtAjIne gekha che. temAM vaso yaMtra Avela che. ahIM mAtAjIne zRMgAra evI rIte karavAmAM Ave che ke emAM emanI pratimAne bhAsa thAya. cakranI pAchaLa kALA paththaranI eka pratimA paNa che. maMdiranA staMbhe upara 15mI 19mI sadInA lekhe kotarelA che. ahIM sAMjanA bhavya AratI thAya che. maMdiranI sAme "gambara" nAme oLakhAtA parvata upara mAtAjInuM prAcIna sthAna hovAnI mAnyatA che. ahIM prathama AratI ane dIvo thAya tyAra pachI A maMdiramAM AratI thAya che. maMdiranI bahAra yAtrALuone UtaravA mATe dharmazALAo AvelI che. maMdira taraphathI vedanA abhyAsa mATe eka uttama pAThazALA cAle che. ahIM mAnasarovara nAme oLakhAto eka kuMDa che. hAlamAM A sthaLa gujarAtanAM aneka nagaro sAthe basavyavahArathI joDAyela che. dA.ta, amadAvAda, naDiyAda, khaMbhAta, ANaMda, dAhoda, vaDodarA, DAkera, rAjakeTa, sUrata vagere.. pAvAgaDha paranuM kAlikAmAtAnuM maMdira : A maMdira gujarAtamAM paMcamahAla jillAmAM AvelA pAvAgaDha parvatanI Taca upara AveluM che. maMdira upara javA mATe TocanI uparanA bhAge pagathiyAM che. tenI pAse dudhiyA taLAvanA nAme oLakhAtuM eka nAnakaDuM taLAva che. maMdiranI bAMdhaNuM nAnI ane sAdI che. garbhagRhamAM DAbI bAjue mahAkALInI mUrti ane jamaNI bAjue bahucara mAtAjInuM maMdira-yaMtra che. vacamAM kAlikAmAtAnI mUrtine mukhya bhAga che. raMgamaMDapa upara ghUmaTa che. A eka prAcIna maMdira che. anathati pramANe jANavA maLe che ke A parvatanI kudaratI AkRti kAlikAnA yaMtra jevI che. skaMdapurANamAM pAvakAcala mAhAsya nAmanuM prakaraNa che. temAM vizvAmitre ahIM prakRti devInI ArAdhanA karyAnuM varNana Apela che. AnA mATe keI atihAsika pramANa maLatuM nathI. muslima samayamAM gujarAtanA bAdazAha mahamUda begaDAe cAMpAneramAM humalo karI ahIMnA rAjA patAI rAvaLane harAvyA hatA. A vakhate musalamAnee A sthAnane ghaNuM nukasAna karyuM hatuM. Aje paNa tenI smRtirUpe maMdiranI bAjumAM pIranI daragAha AvelI che.

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zAkata saMpradAya ane anya hiMdu devanI ArAdhanA 79 A sthAnanI adhiSThAtrI kAlikAnuM pUjana DazopacArathI thAya che. vaMza paraMparAthI bhaTTajInA vaMzajo tenuM pUjana yajana kare che. dara varSe ahIM sahastracaMDI ane zatacaMDInA anuSThAna thAya che. prAcIna samayamAM ahIM mAtAjI samakSa pazubali apAto haze. paNa hAlamAM ahIM AvuM kaI thatuM jovA maLatuM nathI. caitra mAsamAM ahIM meLo bharAya che. AjubAjuthI aneka yAtrALuo ahIM darzanArthe Ave che. hAlamAM rAjya sarakAre A sthAnane vikasAvavAmAM noMdhapAtra bhAga bhajave che. samagra gujarAtamAM kAlikAnI pUjA prasarelI che. gujarAtamAM kAlikAne bhadrakAlI tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. eTale ahIM vAma mArgo pUjAne pracAra nathI paNa zivakAlikAnI pUjA pracalita che te spaSTa thAya che. zaMkhalapuranuM bahucarAjI maMdira : bahucarAjI e cuMvALanI pIThanI devI che. te sthAnanI mULa devInuM nAma bAlA tripurA che. te zrIkulanI vidyA che. A sthAnamAM cAraNabAIne deha AvezathI chUTavAthI te sthAna sAthe cAraNa jAtinI strI-yoginInuM rUpa ApavAmAM Avela che. A devInuM bAlAyaMtranuM rUpa ane te upara caLakatI AMgI mUkavAnI prathAmAM hiMdu-muslima prathAnuM mizraNa thayeluM jovA maLe che. anuzruti pramANe A sthAnane hIjaDAonI sAthe sAMkaLavAmAM Ave che. pote mAtAjInA bhakta hevAne dAvo kahI ajJAna prajAne hIjaDAo chetare che. paraMtu A sthAna zuddha svarUpe bAlA tripurAnuM che. bAlA tripurA devInA maMtra, yaMtra ane taMtranuM varNana taMtrazAstramAM che. anukRti pramANe jANavA maLe che ke cAraNa jAtinI keTalIka strIo salakhanapura (zaMkhalapura)thI pAsenA gAme jatI hatI. tyAM temanA upara keTalAka kALIoe humalo karyo. AmAMnI ekanuM nAma bahucarA hatuM. teNe talavAra vaDe pitAnAM stana kApI nAkhyAM. tenI sAthe tenI bUTa, bulAla nAmanI bahene paNa AvezathI trAgAM karI marI gaI. samaya jatAM A sthAne devIpUjAnAM sthAne banyAM. cuMvALamAM bahucarAjI pUjAyAM. araNejamAM buTa pUjAyAM ane sihorathI paMdara mAIla bAhaluka AgaLa bulAla pUjAyAM. A anuzrutIne keAI pramANa maLatuM nathI. Do. bhogIlAla sAMDesarA jaNAve che ke "bhinamAlamAM prAcInakALamAM bhUtamAtAnI pUjA thatI hatI. saMbhava che ke A bhUtamAtA e ja bUTamAtA haze. prabhAsapATaNamAM bhUtamAtAnuM maMdira hovAne ullekha prabhAsakhaMDamAM che. vaDha

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gujarAtanA dharmasaMpradAya vANa, dhoLakA, lakhatara vageremAM paNa bUTamAtAnAM maMdira che. mahesANu pAse bUTapAlaDI gAmanuM nAma paNa A bhUtamAtA ke bUTamAtA uparathI paDayuM hoya tema lAge che. bahucarAjInuM mukhya maMdira bhAdA paththaranuM bAMdheluM che. lagabhaga 100 phUTa (30.5 mITara) lAMbu, 50 phUTa (15 mITara) pahoLuM ane 56 phUTa (16.1 mITara) UMcuM che. enuM vizALa zikhara ghaNe dUra sudhI dekhAya che. maMdira pUrvAbhimukha che. ahIM be sabhAmaMDapa che. staMbho para suMdara strI pratimAo kaMDArelI che. maMdiranAM traNa dvAre cAMdInAM che. garbhagRhamAM mAtAjInuM sthAnaka che. emAM pAMceka phUTa (1.5 mITara) UMcA siMhAsana upara mAtAjIne cAMdIne maDhele gekha che. enI aMdara saphaTIkanuM bAlAyaMtra che. tenI upara bIjamaMtra sahita suvarNayaMtra che. tenuM vyavasthita rIte roja pUjana thAya che. gokhanI AgaLa mAtAjInI pratimA che. bAjumAM garbhagRhamAM prakSAlananuM pANuM jhIlatA chokarAnuM eka pUtaLuM che. A maMdiranI pAchaLa mAtAjInuM mULa sthaLa AveluM che. A devInuM vAhana kUkaDe che. solaMkI rAjavIonA dhvajanuM cihna kUkaDe hatuM. Aje paNa gujarAtamAM A devInI pUjA vyApaka pramANamAM pracalita che. gujarAtamAM tAMtrikazAstane koI svataMtra saMpradAya hoya tema lAgatuM nathI. tema chatAM lokadharmanI devIo zItaLA, melaDI vagerenuM samAjamAM ghaNuM mahattava che. melaDI mAtAnA nAme ghaNuM bhUvAo maMtara maMtara karatA hoya che. zItaLA mAtAnI pUjA thAya che. ghaNA badhA mAnatA mAne che. ghaNuM leke zItaLA mAtAnA nAme vAtAvaraNa taiyAra karI dhArI asara upajAvatA hoya che. zrI araviMdanA anuyAyIomAM mAtAjIne mahimA vizeSa che. gujarAtamAM paNa araviMdanA anuyAyIo mAtAjInI agocara pakSa zakita ane sahAyamAM khUba zraddhA dharAve che. zAkta saMpradAyanA kavio: zaiva ane vaiSNava saMpradAyanI mAphaka zAkata saMpradAyanI paNa gujarAtI samAja upara khUba asara vartAya che. zAkata saMpradAyanA siddhAMtane lagatuM sAhitya gujarAtI bhASAmAM bahu ja ochuM maLe che. je sAhitya maLe che te kevaLa bhakti pradhAna che. temAM devInI stuti temaja tenAM vividha svarUpanI carcA karela jevA maLe che. gujarAtamAM devI bhakto tarIke keTalAka kavio thaI gayA che temAM vallabha dhoLAnuM nAma ghaNuM ja lokapriya che.

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zAkata saMpradAya ane anya hiMdu denI ArAdhanA (1) nAthabhavAnaH A kavi saurASTranA jhAlAvADa prAMtanA ghoDAdara gAmanA hevAthI temanI aTaka ghoDA hatI. teo vaDanagara brAhmaNa hatA. temanI kuLadevInuM nAma AnaMdazvarI hatuM. te zaktinA parama upAsaka hatA. temanuM sauprathama kAvya "aMbA Anana" nAmano garabo hatA. AmAM devInA sUkSma svarUpanuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. Aje paNa nAgarajJAtImAM A garabe premathI gavAya che. A uparAMta kavie zrIdharI gItA, brahmagItA vagerenuM bhASAMtara karyuM che. uttarAvasthAmAM temaNe sanyasta dhAraNa karyuM hatuM. bhaktavalabhadhoLA: devIzaktinA parama upAsaka zrI vallabhadhALAne janma I. sa. 1584mAM amadAvAdamAM thaye hato. temanA pitAnuM nAma haribhajI hatuM. teo gauttama gotranA brAhmaNa hatA. teo amadAvAdamAM hAlamAM navAparAnA bahucarAjI nAme oLakhAtA vistAramAM rahetA hatA. temanI mAtAnuM nAma phulahari ane bhAInuM nAma dhoLA hatuM. baMne joDakA putra hovAthI vallabhadhoLA tarIke oLakhAtA. anuzruti pramANe jANavA maLe che ke "pAMcamA varSe temane maMtrasiddhi thaI hatI ane zIgha kavi banyA hatA. vallabha bhaTTe aneka garabAo racyA che. A kavine mana devI svarUpanI bhAvanA sthaLa nahi paNa sUkSma svarUpanI hatI. devIbhaktinA kAvyo racanAra gujarAtI kaviomAM te sarvottama che. vallabha bhaTTanA aneka garabAemAM "AnaMdano garabo" zaktinA satya rahasyane samajAvanAra che. e garabAnI pratyeka paMktimAM bhaktine zuddha Aveza vartAya che. mI mahArAja (I. sa. 1738-1998): | gujarAtanA zAkata saMpradAyanA tatvaciMtaka kaviomAM mIThuM, mahArAjanuM kArya noMdhapAtra che. emaNe saMskRta ane gujarAtImAM aneka racanAo karI che. zaMkarAcAryakRta devIstrota, saundarya laharI athavA zrIlaharIne temaNe zikharaNI chaMdamAM uttama anuvAda karyo che. A kavie A uparAMta rasikavRttivinoda, haMsavilAsa zaktivilAsalaharI, zrIrasa, bhakti taraMgiNI, strI tattama vagere kRtio racI che. A kavio uparAMta bAIjanI, kavi bAla vageree devI stutinAM kAvyo racyAM che. temaNe potAnAM kAvyamAM devI mahimA gAI gujarAtamAM zAkata saMpradAyane vikasAvavAmAM mahatvano phALo Ape che. - - gu. 6

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gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya (2) sUrya pUjA vedamAM sUryopAsanA najare paDe che. gAyatrI maMtra e sUryamaMtra che. dakSiNa bhAratamAM sUryapUjAnA prAcIna avazeSe adyApiparyata prApta thAya che. vaLI, rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata, purANo vageremAM sUryopAsanAnA aneka ullekha maLe che. rAmacaMdra sUryavaMzI hatA. sUryavaMzano AdyapuruSa IkvAku manu vaivasvatanA putra hatA. vaivasvata manu vivasvAna AdityanA putra hatA. rAmAyaNamAM sugrIvanI utpatti sUrya dvArA tathA mahAbhAratamAM karNanI utpatti sUrya dvArA thayAnI vAta jANItI che. e uparAMta sUryo karNanA rakSaNa mATe tene potAnA kavaca ane kuMDala ApyAM hatAM tathA yudhiSThire atIthi dharmanA pAlana mATe sUryanI ArAdhanA karI akSayapAtra meLavyuM hatuM. evA ulekha mahAbhAratamAMthI maLe che. purANomAM sUryopAsanAne lagatAM dAne, vrata ane pUjane lagatA vividha ullekha maLe che. "bhaviSya purANamAM sUryapUjAnA saMdarbhamAM zrIkRSNanA putra "zAmba'nuM AkhyAna che. jAMbuvaMtInA putra zAkhe durvAsAnA zrApamAMthI mukti meLavavA zakaThIpamAMthI A brAhmaNone bolAvI mUlasthAna pAse sUrya maMdira baMdhAvI zrApamAMthI mukti meLavI hatI evI anukRti che. Ama, bhAratamAM ghaNA prAcInakALathI cAlI AvatI sUrya pUjA lagabhaga bAramI sadI sudhI vyApaka svarUpe pracalita hatI. samaya jatAM te kevaLa saMyo pAsanAmAM ja rahI. bhAratamAM sUrya pUjA be tabakkAmAM pracalita banI : (1) vedika sUryopAsanA, (2) IrAnanI asara nIce vikaselI sUryopAsanA. vedakAlamAM ahIM devanI upAsanA sUkato tathA ya dvArA thatI. mitha-mitra ane khriha-mihira e bhAratIya IrAnI AnA sUryadeva che. sUryanI mUrtipUjA uttarabhAratamAM IrAnamAMthI AvI. tethI tyAMnI sUryapratimAne pagamAM (DhIMcaNa sudhInA) lAMbA bUTa darzAvela heya che. dakSiNa bhAratanI sUrya pratimA zuddha bhAratIya svarUpanI hoya che. sUryadevane hAthamAM kamaLa hoya che. kamaLa sUrya dvArA khIle che. samaya jatAM bhAratamAM sUryapUjAne "saura saMpradAya'nA nAme vikAsa thayo. brahmA, viSNu ane maheza e eka ja sUryanAM vividha svarUpe manAvA lAgyAM. AgaLa jatAM sUrya ane nArAyaNanuM eka saMyukta svarUpa prajAvA lAgyuM je hAla sUryanArAyaNane nAme oLakhAya che. - sUryaparivAranA devAmAM aruNa, azvina, uSA, pratihAro, (pratihAremAM skaMda eTale kArtikeya ane agnine samAveza thAya che.) sUryapatnIo vagerene samAveza thAya che. sUryapatnIomAM rANI, chAyA, uSA ane niSNubhA evAM cAra

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83 zAkana saMpradAya ane anya hiMdu devanI ArAdhanA nAma maLe che. viSNu purANamAM Aditya, RSio, gAMdharvo, yakSo, nAga vagerene vAsa sUryanA satA mukhamAM jaNAvela che. sUryamaMDaLamAM sUrya, anya ATha graha, upagrahe, tArA, nakSatra vagereno samAveza thAya che. sUryanA saptAzva sAta vAranA ghAtaka che evI eka mAnyatA che athavA e sUryane veta prakAzanA mULamAM rahelA sapta vibhinna raMganAM pratIka hoya. gAyatrI maMtraH | gAyatrI maMtra e sUryanArAyaNanI zuddha upAsanA che. "30 mUva. H tatya viturvarenca me seva dhImahi dhi che : vAra" (pRthavI aMtarikSa ane svargamAM je prasaMzanIya teja vyApeluM che te tejanuM huM dhyAna dharuM chuM, e teja mArI buddhine prere). A tripadA gAyatrI IdamAM racelI RcAmAM nA sUryanArAyaNa AkhA jagatane AvarI le che. A bhagavAna sUryanArAyaNanI upAsanAne maMtra che tene chaMda gAyatrI Ida hevAthI te gAyatrI maMtra tarIke oLakhAya che. Aje samAjamAM gAyatrI maMtranuM mahatva vizeSa che. aneka mAnavIo zrI ane sarasvatI meLavavA, A maMtra dvArA sUryanI upAsanA kare che. vidvAne ene sAvitrI kyAM (savitAdevane lagatI RcA) tarIke oLakhAve che. gujarAtamAM sUrya pUjAne prasAraH prAcIna bhAratamAM cheka vedakAlathI sUryaupAsanA pracalita hatI. gujarAtamAM maitrakakAlathI sUryamaMdira ane sUryapratimAo dekhA de che. kumAraguptanA lekhamAM jaNAvyuM che ke mAlavagaNu sa. 493 (I.sa. 436)mAM daza pura (maMda sara)mAM lATanA paTTa vAyanI (paTeLAM vaNanArA kArIgaro) zrelane kumAraguptanA amala daramyAna nagaramAM dIpta razminuM maMdira baMdhAvyuM hatuM. maitraka rAjavIonA amala daramyAna sUrya pUjA dhIre dhIre vyApaka banI hatI. maitraka rAjavI dharapaTTa Aditya bhakta hato. A samaye saurASTramAM aneka sUryamaMdire badhAyAM hatAM. jaMbusaramAM AdityanuM maMdira hatuM. selaMkIkALa daramiyAna agiyAramI sadImAM bhImadeva 1 lAnA samayamAM baMdhAyela moDherAnuM sUryamaMdira prAcIna maMdiramAM sarvazreSTha che. sarasvatI purANamAM jaNAvyuM che ke siddharAje sahastraliMga taLAvanA kAMThe bhAyalasvAmInuM maMdira baMdhAvyuM hatuM. bhAyalla svAmI e sUryanuM nAma che. vAghelAkAta daramyAna staMbhatIrtha (khaMbhAta) pAse Avela nAgaraka (nagarA) mAM mahAmAtya vastupAle sUryapatnI rannAdevI ane rAjadevInI mUrti padharAvI

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- gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya hatI. kherAlumAMthI eka prAcIna mUrti maLI Avela che. A mUrti upara saM. 1293 (I.sa. 1237)ne lekha che. (ahIM juo citra naM. 15.) vAghelA rAjavI vIsaladeve mUlasthAnanAM sUryamaMdirone jirNoddhAra karAvyo hato. saurASTranA adhikArI sAmaMtasiMhe dvArakAnA mArgamAM AvelA revatI kuMDamAM anya devanI sAthe sUryamUrti padharAvI hatI. vi. saM. 1346 (I.sa. 1290)nA vaMthaLImAMthI maLelA lekhamAM zarUAta che taimaH zrI revaMtAthI kare che. vi. saM. 1354 (I. sa. 1298)nI muralIdhara maMdiranI prazastimAM zarUAtanA maMgalAcaraNanA zlokamAM sUryanI stutI jovA maLe che. A prazastimAM eka sainike sUrya lekamAM prayANa karyAnuM jaNuvyuM che (zloka 20-21). prabhAsapATaNamAM sUryanI keTalIka prAcIna mUrtio maLI Avela che. triveNu pAse AveluM sUryamaMdira solaMkIkAlIna hevAnuM manAya che. Ama, A sarva pramANe parathI jaNAya che ke prAcInakAlathI cAlI AvatI sUrya pUjA cheka solaMkIkAla sudhI gujarAtamAM svataMtra saMpradAya rUpe astitvamAM hatI. tyAra pachInA samayamAM muslimakALa daramyAna sUryamaMdirane nAza thatAM temaja navAM maMdiranuM sarjana aTakI paDatAM dhIre dhIre sUrya pUjAviSNupUjAnI sAthe bhaLI gaI. tema chatAM Aje brAhmaNe saMdhyAvaMdanamAM gAyatrI maMtranI upAsanA kare che. paMcAyatana maMdiramAM ane gharanI sevAmAM sUrya pUjA cAlu che. ghaNuM ravivAra kare che. lagna vakhate varakanyAnI kuMDaLImAM sUrya nabaLo heya te sUryanA japa brAhmaNo dvArA karAvavAmAM Ave che. Aje aneka leke satyanArAyaNanI pUjA kare che. AmAM viSNu ane sUryanI pUjAne samAveza thayela che. sUryamaMdire | gujarAtamAM saurASTramAM aneka prAcIna sUryamaMdiro AvelAM che. thAnanuM sUryamaMdira jANItuM che. prabhAsapATaNamAM keTalAMka prAcIna sUryamaMdira AvelAM hatAM. A uparAMta moDherA, jaMbusara, DabhoI, nagarA, vIsAvADA, zrInagara, kiMdarakheDA, sUtrApADA, keTaI (), DhAMka, porabaMdara pAse parabaDI, keTayarka, vaDodarA (ahI cheka 18mI sadImAM sUryamaMdira baMdhAyuM hatuM), delamAla, pAvAgaDha vagere sthaLee judA judA samaye baMdhAyela prAcIna sUryamaMdire AvelAM che. A sarvamAMthI keTalAkamAM sUrya pratimAo uttarabhAratanI praNAlikA pramANenI jovA maLe che. keTalAMka maMdira khaMDita avasthAmAM che. A sarvemAM moDherAnuM sUryamaMdira sarvottama che. moDherAnuM sUryamaMdira : gujarAtamAM moDherAnuM sUryamaMdira sthApatyakalAno uttama namUno che. A maMdira pUrvAbhimukha che. te spaSTataH be vibhAgamAM vaheMcAyela che. ekamAM garbhagRha

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zAkata saMpradAya ane anya hiMdu devanI ArAdhanA ane bIjAmAM gUDhamaMDapa che. enI AgaLa alaga sabhAmaMDapa che. sabhAmaMDapanI sAme sUryakuMDa che. te hAlamAM rAma kuMDanA nAme oLakhAya che. garbhagRhathI mAMDIne sabhAmaMDapa sudhInI laMbAI 44 mITara che. sabhAmaMDapa 15415 samarasa mITarane che. maMDapamAM praveza mATe taMbhAvalIyukta zRMgAra cekIe cAre bAjue AvelI che. AgaLa kIti tAraNanA avazeSa rUpe be thAMbhalA UbhA che. madhyanA aSTastaMbha upara maMDapane mukhya bhAga racAyela che. A staMbhe lagabhaga cAra mITara UMcAInA che. garbhagRha tathA gUDhamaMDapane vistAra 24415 mITara che. gUDhamaMDapanI sAme zRMgAra cakI AvelI che. dIvAlanI bahAranI bAjue badhI maLIne bAra sUryapratimA o che. pITha ane maMDevaranA bhAge zilpothI zaNagArelA che. maMdiranI bahAranI dIvAla vacce pradakSiNuM patha Avela che. paNa temAM bAra gokhalAomAM sUryamUrtio AvelI che. garbhagRhanI nIce 3.5 43.2 mITara jeTalo khADo che. jemAM sUryapratimA mATenA AsananI vyavasthA haze. garbhagRhanI mULa sUryapratimAne hAla patto nathI. garbhagRhanI pachItamAM vi. saM. 1083 (I. sa. 1026-27) varSa darzAvato lekha che. A maMdira selaMkI rAjavI bhImadeva 1lAnA samayamAM baMdhAyuM hoya tevuM lAge che. sabhAmaMDapanI sAme pUrva tarapha sUryakuMDa AveluM che. enI laMbAI 176 phUTa tathA pahoLAI 120 phUTanI che. pagathiyAM UtaratAM vacce nAnI derIo Ave che. temAM vaiSNava saMpradAyanI pratimAo najare paDe che. kuMDamAM zeSazAyI viSNunI pratimA sabhAmaMDapanI sAme Avela che. noMdhapAtra hakIkata e che ke, maMdira ke kuMDamAM kayAMya paNa cUne ke simenTa vAparavAmAM Avyo nathI. suthAra lAkaDAne sAlavIne besADe che tema, dareka paththarane sAlavIne goThavavAmAM Avela che. sUryamaMdira ane kuMDanI racanA evA prakAranI che ke, UgatA sUryanA pahelAM kiraNo maMdiramAM mukhya pratimAnA caraNamAM paDe. kiraNe pANI upara paDatAM AkhuM maMdira prakAzathI zobhI UThe che. (juo ci. na. 14) sUryamaMdira dvArakA dvArakAnA uttara pazcima bhAge eka kalAsakuMDa nAme oLakhAtA kuMDa che. A kuMDanI UMDAI lagabhaga 72 472 phUTanI che. temAM UtaravA mATe pagathiyAM che. garbhasaMhitAmAM A kuMDane sUryakuMDa tarIke oLakhavAmAM Avela che. A kuMDanI uttare sUryamaMdira AveluM che. maMdiramAM hAlamAM jIrNoddhAra karIne sUryanI pratimAnI sthApanA karela che. maMdiranI bahAra AvelI eka pratimAne "aruNanI pratimAnA nAme oLakhavAmAM Ave che. saMbhava che ke A ja prAcIna mUrti haze. pratimA

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gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya uttama che. tene jamaNe hAthamAM kamaLa che. DAbA hAthamAM daMDa che. A pratimAnI zailI jotAM A maMdira lagabhaga AThamI sadInuM hevA saMbhava che. kuMDamAM eka sUrya pratimA AvelI che. tenI bAjumAM be dAsIo camara DhoLe che. maMdira pUrvAbhimukha che. maMdiramAM garbhagRha, pradakSiNA mArga raMgamaMDapa vagere AvelA che. maMdirane kula 16 thAMbhalA che. Ama, ahIMnAM zilpa jotAM A maMdira prAcIna sUryamaMdira hevAnI pratIti thAya che. amadAvAdanuM sUryamaMdira : amadAvAdamAM asAravAmAM Avela nIlakaMTha mahAdevamAM eka sUryamaMdira AveluM che. devAlayanA AgaLanA bhAgamAM sarasvatI ane nIce gaNapatinI pratimA o AvelI che. gaNezanI pratimA caturbha ja che. temanA upalA hAthamAM aMkuza ane padma che ane nIcalA be hAthamAM mALA ane modaka che. maMdiranA garbhagRhamAM sUryanArAyaNanI pratimAnI pratiSThA karela che. pratimAne sAta azvavALA ratha upara darzAvela che. sUryadeva rakta paDhA para padmAsana vALIne beThelA che. pAchaLanA baMne hAthamAM bevaDI pAMkhaDIvALAM padma dhAraNa karelAM che. Agale jamaNo hAtha abhaya mudrAmAM che. DAbe hAthe varada mudrAmAM che. mastake kirITa mukuTa che. zarIre kaDI, hAra, kaDAM, bAjubaMdha, upavIta, tilaka vagere upakara dhAraNa karela che. mukhanI AsapAsa prabhAcakra AveluM che. gujarAtamAMthI maLI AvatI noMdhapAtra sUryapratimAo gujarAtamAM sArA pramANamAM sUryamaMdira AvelAM hovAthI, tyAMthI aneka sUryapratimAo maLe che. khaMbhAtathI uttare 3 ki.mI.nA aMtare AvelA nagarA gAmamAM eka zivAlayamAM be prAcIna sUryapratimAo ane traNa sUryANInI pratimAo AvelI che. emAM madhyastha sUryanI pratimA sapheda ArasanI dvibhuja che. mAthe mukuTa, hAthamAM zrIvatsa, zarIre yajJopavIta, hAthamAM padma, pagamAM helabuTa, enA upara nupura paherela che. pAse diphapAle che. kherAlumAM vi.saM. 1293 (I.sa. 1237)nI suMdara sUryapratimA che. (juo ci. naM. 15). A uparAMta gujarAtamAMthI moDherA, khaMbhAta, sutrApADA, pATaNa, reDA, DisA, vaDanagara vagere sthaLoethI keTalIka viziSTa sUrya pratimAo maLela che. temanA AyudhomAM kamaLa mukhya hoya che. keTalIka mUrtionA pagamAM helabuTa batAvela hoya che.

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zAkta saMpradAya ane anya hiMdu devanI ArAdhanA (3) brahmAnI pUjA : bhAratamAM prAcInakAlathI brahmA, viSNu ane mahezanI pUjA thAya che. brahmAnI pUjA viSNu pUjA sAthe vyApaka banI hoya tema lAge che. brahmAnuM bIjuM nAma prajApati che. tenAM svataMtra maMdira gujarAtamAMthI maLatAM hoI gujarAtamAM paNa ghaNuM prAcIna kALathI brahmAnI pUjA pracalita hoya tema lAge che. brahmAnAM prAcIna maMdire gujarAtamAM IDara pAsenA kheDabrahmA, vaDanagara, hArIja tAlukAnA delamAla, kasarA (ji. mahesANA), kAmareja (da. gu.), nagarA (khaMbhAta pAse) vagere sthaLoe AvelAM che. - brahmAnI beThI, UbhI ke haMsArUDha temaja sAvitrI sAthenI judI judI pratimAo. gujarAtamAMthI maLe che. brahmAne dADhI hoya che. brahmAnI noMdhapAtra pratimAo: - sAbarakAMThA jillAmAM Avela kheDabrahmAmAM brahmAnuM prAcIna maMdira AveluM che. A maMdiranI pratimA lagabhaga sADA cha phUTa UMcI kamalAsana upara goThavelA che. A caturbhuja pratimAnAM upakaraNomAM mAlA, kamaMDala, rAva (yajJamAM ghI hemavAnuM sAdhana) pustaka (hastaprata) vagere jovA maLe che. ahIM maMdisnI bahAranI bAjue dIvAlamAM traNe dizAmAM brahmAnI mUrtio mUkelI che. traNenA vAhanamAM anukrame naMdI, ghoDA tathA haMsa batAvyA che. gheDe ke naMdI brahmAnA vAhana tarIke koI graMthakAre batAvela nathI, chatAM gujarAtanI pratimAomAM A eka viziSTatA najare paDe che. bIjI eka pratimA u. gujarAtanA hArIja tAlukAnA delamAla gAmamAM AvelI che. mUrti cAra phUTa UMcI ane caturmukha che. ethuM mukha pIThikAne lIdhe batAvyuM nathI. caturbhuja pratimAnA jamaNuMbe hAthamAM mAlA tathA jIva ane DAbA hAthamAM kamaMDaLa tathA pustaka che. A pratimAnA paga pAse sarasvatI tathA sAvitrInI nAnI pratimAo AvelI che. vAhana haMsa che. moDherAnA sUryamaMdiranI bahAra brahmAnI eka mukhavALI tribhaMgamAM UbhelI pratimA AvelI che. tenA be hAtha khaMDita thayela che. mAthe muTa, lAMbI dADhI, temaja bAjumAM temanI be patnIo darzAvela che. khaMbhAtathI cha eka ki. mI. dUra AvelA nagarA gAme caturbhuja brahmAnI eka vizALa mUrti AvelI che, tenA cAra hAtha pikI jamaNuM be hAthamAM nIce

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gujarAtanA dha' sa'pradAya varada ane uparanA bhAgamAM dhruva tathA DAbA be hAthamAM pustaka ane kamaMDala dhAraNa karela che. pratimAnI pAse sAvitrI ane sarasvatInI e pratimAe mATA kadanI AvelI che. nagarAmAMthI maLI AvelI eka khIjha pratimA hAla vallabhavidyAnagara(ANuMda pAse)mAM che. 28 ja pATaNamAM vAyudevanA maMdiramAM brahmAnI lagabhaga traNa phUTa UMcI dhAtu pratimA Avela che. pratimA caturbhu ja che. tenA cAra hAthamAM anukrame varada, dhruva, kamaLa ane kamaMDaLa che. mAthe jaTAmukuTa che. bAjumAM temanI be patnIe sAvitrI ane sarasvatI che. huMsa vAhana che. dhoLakAmAM paNa brahmAnI traNa cAra pratimAo AvelI che, A uparAMta kadavAra, pATaNa, zrInagara vagere sthaLe brahmAnI beThI pratimAe jovA maLe che. A sAthe brahmAnI yugala pratimAe temaja dhyAnastha brahmAnI pratimAe paNa gujarAtamAMthI maLe che. Ama, gujarAtamAM lagabhaga bAramI sadI sudhI brahmAnI pUjA pracalita hatI ema uparanI pratimAe parathI jaNAya che. gaNeza pUjA: ghaNA prAcInakAlathI gujarAtamAM zubha kAryanI zarUAta gaNeza pUjanathI thAya che. gujarAtamAM gaNezanAM svataMtra maMdirA bhAgye ja jovA maLe che. mukhyatve zaiva ane vaiSNava madirAnA aMtarAlamAM gaNapatinI pratimAnI sthApanA thayelI jovA maLe che. zrI gezAya namaH' e gaNeza stutinA matra che. mudgala purANamAM A devanAM 32 nAma jaNAvela che. temAMnAM vinAyaka, vighnezvara, siddhidAtA, gaNapati, gajAnana athavA gajamukha, Rtu'Da, la kheAdara, vagere nAmeA gujarAtamAM jANItAM che. gujarAtamAMthI gaNezanI vividha pratimAo jevI ke UbhA gaNeza, nRtya karatA gaNeza, kheThelA gaNeza vagere jovA maLe che. temanA AyudhAmAM kamaLa, jalapAtra, meAdaka, hastIdaMta, pustaka vagere jaNAya che. temanuM vAhana uMdara che. kaccha ane saurASTramAM vasatI kADhI, kakhI, meAcI vagere AmanI strIe A devanAM citrA kapaDA upara derIne temAM sarasa bharatagU MthaNa kare che. keTaleka ThekANe makAnAnA pravezadvAranI bArazAkhamAM lAkaDAnuM suMdara kAtarakAma karI temAM gaNezanI pratimA kaDArelI hoya che. AvI eka bArI meADAsA (ji. sAbarakAMThA)mAM

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zAkta soMpradAya ane anya hiMdu devAnI ArAdhanA lasukha velajInI peDhInA makAna upara jovA maLe che. Aje paNa ghaNAM navAM makAnAmAM gaNapatinI mUrtinI takatI lagAvavAmAM Ave che. 99 ja gaNapatinAM vividha svarUpo paikI vinAyaka ane vakratu MDanuM caturbhu ja svarUpa vadhu pracalita che. caturbhuja gaNapatinA hAthamAM sAmAnyataH daMta tathA parazu, merdaka ane akSamAlA athavA kamaLa hoya che. vinAyaka gaNapatinA cAre hAthamAM daMta, kamaLa, meAdaka ane parazu anukrame hoya che. jyAre vakratu MDanA hAthamAM pAza, aMkuza, varadamudrA ane abhayamudrA hoya che. hAlamAM A baMne svarUpAnI prAcInaarvAcIna pratimAe gujarAtanAM aneka zahera ane gAmaDAemAMthI maLI Ave che. mahesANA jillAmAM UMjhAthI traNa mAIla dUra aThera gAme AvuM eka madhyakAlIna ma Mdira Avelu che. saurASTramAM gepa maMdiranI khArI upara pazcima bhAgamAM zikhara pAse gaNezanI eka a pa kAsana vALI cethA saikAnI manAtI prAcIna pratimA AvelI che. A uparAMta kadavAra, thAna, sUtrApADA, vaDanagara, siddhapura, pATaNa vagere sthaLAethI gaNezanI vividha pratimAe maLI Avela che. gaNezanI aSTabhuja pratimAe gujarAtamAM pracAramAM haze ema manAya che. AvI eka pratimA pATaNanA paMcamukhI hanumAnanA maMdiramAM AvelI che. pratimA kheDI che. ATha hAtha che. tenA cAra hAthamAM parazu, kamaMDaLa, zakti tathA aMkuza dhAraNa karela che. bAkInA cAra hAthanAM AyudhA spaSTa thatAM nathI. bIjI AvI eka pratima! vaDanagaranA pIDhArI daravAje pIDhArI mAtAnA maMdiramAM mUkelI che. gaNezanI bhuija, SaDabhuja, dazabhuja pratimAe kAIka kAIka ThekAduthI maLe che, paNa AvI pratimAe khAsa pracAramAM hoya tema lAgatuM nathI. bhuija pratimAe pATaNanA paMcamukhI hanumAnanA maMdiramAM temaja vaDanagaranA zItaLAmAtAnA ma MdiramAM AvelI che. Dabhuja pratimAe siddhapuranA goviMda mAdhavamaMdiramAM che. dazabhuja pratimA amadAvAdanA asAravAnA nIlakaMTha mahAdevanA maMdiramAM AvelI che. gaNapatinI vividha pratimAemAM kayAreka UbhA gaNapati tA kayAreka nRtya karatA gaNapatinI pratimAe jovA maLe che. amadAvAdamAM gujarAta vidyAsabhAnA myujhiyamamAM nRtya karatA gaNezanI catubhuja pratimA che. zAmaLAjI ane rADAmAM gaNapatinI guptakAlIna pratimAe maLe che. vi. sa'. 1193(I.sa. 1137)mAM siddharAja jayasiMhanA samayamAM bhaTTArikA sahita vinAyakanuM maMdira baMdhAvavAmAM AvyuM hatuM.

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90 vi. saM. 1206 (I.sa. 1150)mAM maMdiramAM dvAra upara gaNeza tathA navagRheAnI gujarAtanA dhama sapradAya bhAyAvadaramAM baMdhAyela sAmAdityanA pratimAe kAtarelI che. vi. saM. 1267 (I.sa.) 1211 nA Apu uparanA vIradhavalanA lekhamAM sarasvatI tathA gaNezanI stuti karavAmAM Avela che. mahAmAtya vastupAle dhUmalImAM gaNeza maMdiranA maMDapa badhAvyAnA ullekha vi. saM. 1291 (I. sa. 1235)nA lekhamAM karela che. vIsaladevanA samayanA rAjakavi nAnAkanI prathama prazastinI zarUAta gaNezanI stutIthI karavAmAM Avela che. dhoLakAmAM AvelA mahAkAlInA maMdiranI prazastimAM zarUAtamAM gaNezanI stuti karavAmAM AvI che. teramI sadI daramyAna geArADathI ardhamAIle Avela vIratA gAmamAM baMdhAyela nIlaka Dhezvara maMdiramAM jovA maLatI traNa mukhya mUrti emAM bAraNA AgaLanI pratimA gaNezanI che. amadAvAdanA asAravAmAM Avela nIlakaMTha mahAdevamAM eka caturbhuja gaNezanI pratimA AvelI che. dhoLakAmAM lakSmInArAyaNanA maMdiramAM gaNezanI dhAtu pratimA upara saMvata 1576nA lekha che. pratimAnI besaNI para "OM vatukAya namaH" lakhela che. vaDeAdarAmAM dAMDIyA khAramAM gaNapatinu eka svataMtra maMdira Avela che. Ama, uparanA sarva AdhAre parathI jaNAya che ke prAcInakAlathI cAlI AvatI gaNezapUjA Aja dina sudhI vyavasthita rIte gujarAtamAM pracalita che. Aje dareka zubha prasa Mge gaNezanI stuti karavAmAM Ave che. keTalAka jamaNI sUMDhanA AkaDAnA gaNapati banAvIne tenI upAsanA paNa kare che. hAlamAM gujarAtanA dareka gAmamAM gaNezanI pratimA jovA maLe che. (5) hanumAna pUjA : hanumAna e parivAra devatA che. e rAmacaMdranA parama bhakta che. rAmacaMdranA dareka maMdiramAM hanumAnanI pratimA jovA maLe che. tee vAyu athavA maruta putra hovAthI temanuM nAma mAruti paDayuM che. hanumAna rudra svarUpa manAya che. AthI bhUtapazAcanI pIDAmAMthI bacavA mATe ghaNA leAkeA hanumAnanI upAsanA karatA hAya che. gujarAtamAM aneka sthaLe hanumAnanI pratimAe AvelI che. temAM khAsa karIne be prakAranI pratimAe jovA maLe che: (1) eka mukha (2) paMcamukha. gujarAtamAM siddhapura tAlukAnA kaNI gAmanA hanumAna, pATaNanA guNavaMtA hanumAna ane saurASTranA sAra MgapuranA hanumAnanI pratimAe dhaNI bhavya ane prAcIna che. aneka leke tenA darzanArthe umaTe che.

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zAkata saMpradAya ane anya hiMdu devanI ArAdhanA gujarAtamAMthI paMcamukhI hanumAnanI pratimAo javalle ja maLe che. AvI eka pratimA bhAvanagara pAsenA taLAjAnA smazAna AgaLa AvelI che. bIjI eka pratimA pATaNanA aghorI bAvAnI jagyAmAM temanA maMdiranI aMdara besADelI che. A sarva pratimAo viziSTa prakAranI che. | gujarAtamAM gAmaDe gAmaDe nAnI moTI hanumAnanI pratimAo AvelI che. ghaNI leke potAnI pIDAmAMthI bacavA mATe zanivAre hanumAnane tela caDhAve che. kALI caudazanA divase aneka bhAvike hanumAnane tela caDhAvavA jAya che. ghaNuM tenI upAsanA kare che. tela ane AkaDAnA phUlanI mALA caDhAve che. amadAvAdamAM kempanA hanumAnane mahimA vizeSa jovA maLe che. hanumAnanAM keTalAMka svataMtra maMdira che. vaLI, ghaNuM maMdiramAM aMtarAlamAM eka bAjunA gokhalAmAM gaNapatinI ane bIjI bAjunA gokhalAmAM hanumAnanI. mati hoya che. emanA eka hAthamAM gadA ane bIjA hAthamAM parvata hoya che ne emanA paga nIce panotI hoya che. (6) vAyupUjA : gujarAtamAM vAyupUjA ghaNuM prAcInakALathI cAlI Ave che. gujarAtamAM vAyaDA brAhmaNo tathA vaccenA ISTadeva vAyudeva che. vAyaDA jJAtinA purANamAM vAyaDAdityanuM maMdira hAlamAM (vAyaDa) tarIke oLakhAtA gAmamAM hovAno ullekha che. anuzruti pramANe jANavA maLe che ke A sthAne vAyu bhagavAnane pAdurbhAva thayo hato, ane tethI ja tenuM nAma vAyupura ke pavanapura paDayuM hatuM. prabhAvaka carita, ca. pra. vagere graMthomAM paNa vAyaDamAM vAyaDadevanuM maMdira hevAno ullekha maLe che. hAlamAM A maMdira jovA maLatuM nathI. dikapAla tarIke aneka vAyu pratimAo moTA moTA maMdiromAM jovA maLe che. zAmaLAjI jevAM keTalAMka maMdiranI aMdhAmAM, vAyu sAthe vAyupatnInI pratimA jovA maLe che. gujarAtamAM maLatI moTA bhAganI vAyu pratimAo cAra hAthavALI maLe che. vAyudeva vAyaDA-brAhmaNa, vANiyAnA ISTadeva tarIke pUjAtA heI tenAM maMdiro hAlamAM pATaNa, vaDedarA, kaccha, sUrata, amadAvAda vagere sthaLoe baMdhAyAM che. (7) dipAlanI pratimAo : - - - vaidika sAhityamAM dikapAlenuM sthAna mahattvanuM che. teo dizAonA rakSaka deva manAya che. A kAraNe temanI vividha prakAre pUjA thAya che. ATha dizAnA

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92 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya ATha judA judA deva hoya che. temanAM nAma Indra, agni, yama, niRti, varuNa, vAyu, kubera, IzAna che. ghaNuM maMdiramAM maMDovaramAM jaTAmAM cAra dizAomAM Indra, yama, varuNa ane kubera e cAra dikapAlonI pratimAo mukAya che. cAra dizAo(khUNAo)mAM IzAna, ami, naiRti ane vAyu ema cAra devanI mUrtio mukAya che. gujarAtamAM dikapAlanI pratimAo vaDanagaranA hATakezvara mahAdevanA maMdiramAMthI, zAmaLAjInA devagadAdharanA maMdiramAMthI, AbunA vasiSThAzramanA maMdiramAMthI tema ja sUNaka, saDera, ThAsarA vagere sthaLonA maMdiramAMthI maLI Ave che. keTalIka vAra dikapAla sAthe tenI patnI dipAlikAnI pratimA paNa kaMDArAya che. sAbarakAMThA jillAmAM mAlapura pAse kalezarI nAme oLakhAtA sthaLethI maLatA avazeSomAM dikapAla IndranI eka dibhuja pratimA maLI Avela che. (8) nAgapUjA : vedakAlamAM zivanI sAthe nAgapUjA joDAyela hatI. purANAnA samayamAM tenuM svarUpa badalAvA lAgyuM. tene pUrva sAthe tema ja khajAnAnA rakSaka tarIke pUjavAmAM Ave che. gujarAtamAM ghaNuM prAcInakALathI nAgapUjA pracalita che. tema chatAM temAM koI svataMtra maMdira ke saMpradAya astitvamAM nathI. sAmAnya rIte samAjanA dareka varNanA loke nAgapUjAmAM mAne che. ghaNuM kuTuMbomAM zrAvaNa suda 5(nAgapAMcama)ne divase nAganI pUjA thAya che. ghaNA nAgapaMcamIne divase vrata karI bAjarInI kulera vagere khAya che. nAgapaMcamIne divase ghaNA madArIo nAga laIne bhAvikajanone darzana karAvavA zerIomAM pharatA hoya che. gAmaDAmAM ghaNuM makAnamAM nAgapUjAnA pratIkarUpe dIvAlo upara nAganI AkRtio dorelI jovA maLe che. ghaNAM zivamaMdiramAM zivaliMga upara pittaLane ke cAMdIne nAga banAvIne rAkhavAmAM Ave che. tenI pUjA thAya che. vaDodarA jillAnA mAlasara pAse eka prAcIna nAgamaMdira AveluM che. khAsa karIne gujarAtanA sAbarakAMThA, paMcamahAla ane dakSiNa gujarAtanA DAMga jillAnA AdivAsI pradezamAM vasatA AdivAsIomAM nAgapUjA savizeSa jovA maLe che. (9) zaMkhapUjA : gujarAtamAM hiMduonA dareka maMdiramAM zaMkhapUjA, pUjAnA eka mahatvanA aMga tarIke prayojAya che. dareka brAhmaNanA gharamAM paNa devapUjAmAM zaMkha jevA

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zAkata saMpradAya ane anya hiMdu devanI ArAdhanA maLe che. teo savAramAM anya devanI sAthe caMdana, dhUpadIpa naivedha vagerethI. zaMkhapUjA kare che. zaMkha e viSNunuM pratIka che. tenuM utpattisthAna samudra che. zaMkhapUjA. viSNupUjA sAthe saMkaLAyela che. viSNunA hAthamAM zaMkhanuM sthAna raheluM che. . jenI pAse dakSiNAvati zaMkha hoya che te aDhaLaka devatane svAmI bane che tevuM manAya che. A zaMkha bahu javalleja maLe che. (10) navagraho : navagrahamAM sUrya, caMdra, maMgaLa, budha,guru, zukra, zani, rAhu ane ketune. samAveza thAya che. navagrahonI saMyukta pratimAo ghaNuM maMdiranA garbhagRhanI dvAra zAkhamAMthI maLe che. moDAsAmAM jUnA basasTenDa pAse Avela vaNajArI vAvanA nAme oLakhAtI eka vAvamAM navagrahane paTTa kaMDArela che. vaDanagaranA zItalA mAtAnA maMdiramAMthI, pATaNanA hariharezvara mahAdevamAMthI, ArAsuramAM aMbAjI mAtAnA maMdiramAM, vaDhavANanI mAdhAvAvamAMthI vagere ghaNuM sthaLoethI AvA navagrahanA 5TTa maLI Avela che. (11) zAligrAma pUjA : viSNunA pratIka tarIke zAligrAmanI pUjA thAya che. tene AkAra goLa ane capaTo che. paMcAyatana devomAM zAligrAmanuM sthAna mahatvanuM manAya che. brAhmaNonI devapUjAmAM zAligrAma acUka jovA maLe che. gujarAtanAM vaiSNava maMdiro jevAM ke zAmaLAjI, DAkora, dvArakA vagere sthaLoe viSNunI pratimA sAthe A zAligrAmanI pUjA thAya che. tene bhAvike viSNunA pratIka tarIke mAne che. rAmAnuja saMpra-- dAyanA sAdhuo zAligrAmanI upAsanA kare che. (12) rAmapUjA : rAmamaMdirane pracAra gujarAtamAM gAmegAma jovA maLe che. emAM sItArAma, rAma-lakSmaNajAnakI ke rAma paMcAyatananI pratimAo pUjAya che. rAmapUjAne. mahimA nAnaka, kabIra, tulasIdAsa ane rAmAnaMdIonA sarvavyApI pracArathI hiMdusamAjanA cheka nIcalA thara sudhI phelAyo che. rAmasItAnI seMkaDe pratimAo, gujarAtamAMthI maLe che. hAlamAM gujarAtamAM murArI bApunI rAmAyaNa saptAha dvArA rAmabhaktino mahimA vadhyo che.

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gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya (13) vizvakarmA vizvakarmA e sthapationA deva tarIke pUjAya che. gujarAtamAM vasatA suthAra jJAtinA lekenA te ISTadeva manAya che. (14) baLiyAdevaH baLiyAdevanI pUjA gujarAtanA gAmaDe gAmaDe pracalita che. ghaNA loke bALakane baLiyAnA rogamAMthI mukti maLe te mATe tenI mAnatA mAnatA hoya che. gAmanI pAdharamAM ke kaI zivAlayanI sAthe, baLiyAdevanuM sthAna AveluM hoya che. AdivAsIomAM te baLiyA bApAnA nAme oLakhAya che. sAbarakAMThAnAM aneka gAmamAM tenA nAme ujANa rAkhavAmAM AvatI hoya che. temanI pratimA mAtra mastakarUpe hoya che. vaDodarA pAse piora gAmamAM baLiyA devanuM eka moTuM maMdira AluM che. (15) sarasvatI: sarasvatI e vidyAnI devI tarIke pUjAya che. tenuM vAhana haMsa che. brahmAnAM patnI hovAthI te brAhmI tarIke paNa manAya che. gujarAtamAM sarasvatInAM svataMtra maMdire bhAgye ja jovA maLe che. sarasvatInI pratimAo prAcIna maMdironI aMdhAomAM, dvArazAkhAmAM ke toraNAmAM maLI Ave che. DIsAmAM Avela siddhAM. bikAnA prAcIna maMdiranI dvArazAkhamAM sarasvatInI eka suMdara mUti AvelI che. jamaNA be hAthamAM kamaLa ane DAbA hAthamAM vINuM ane kamaMDaLa che. vaDanagara ane zAmaLAjInA prAcIna maMdiramAMthI sarasvatInI nAnI moTI pratimAo maLe che. siddhapuramAM ane jUnAgaDhamAM sarasvatInuM svataMtra maMdira jovA maLe che. (16) kArtikeyaH gujarAtamAM zivanA putra kArtikeyanI pUjA svataMtra rIte thatI hoya tevuM jANavA maLatuM nathI. tema chatAM tenI keTalIka pratimAo gujarAtanAM DhAMka, vaDanagara, khaMbhAta, galatezvara, kapurAI, kapaDavaMja, vagere sthaLanAM prAcIna maMdiranI javA ke maMDovaramAMthI maLe che. temanuM vAhana mora che. temanA hAthamAM zakti (bhAlo) hoya che. emane cha mukha hoya che. (17) zItaLAdevI: gujarAtamAM zItaLAdevIne pracAra sarvasAmAnya che. te zItaLAno roga maTADanAra devI tarIke pUjAya che. zItaLAnAM keTalAMka svataMtra maMdira baMdhAyAM che.

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zAkta saMpradAya ane anya hiMdu devanI ArAdhanA 9 zItaLAnI pratimA nagna svarUpe gadheDA upara mAthe supaDu laI beThela darzAvAya che. tenA be hAtha paikI ekamAM sAvaraNa ane bIjImAM kaLaza hoya che. moDherAnA sUryamaMdiranA kuMDamAM tenI pratimA jovA maLe che. (8) rAmadevapIraH gujarAtamAM samAjanA nIcalA tharamAM rAmadevapIranuM sthAna mahattavanuM manAya che. rAmadevapIranA pratIka tarIke ghaDAnI pUjA thAya che. tenAM maMdiramAM temanI pAdukA pUjAya che. raNujA(mAravADa)mAM tenuM mukhya maMdira AveluM che. ghaNA hiMduo tenA darzane jAya che ane vividha prakAranI mAnatA rAkhatA hoya che. anya devadevIo : A uparAMta kheDiyAra mAtA, verAI mAtA, saMtoSImA, bagalAmukhI vagere devIonI leke vividha rIte pUjA kare che. mAnatA rAkhe che. saMtoSImAnuM vrata ghaNuM leke, zukravAre caNuM khAIne kare che. dhIre dhIre gujarAtanA gAmegAma saMtoSImAne mahimA vadhatA jAya che. saMtoSImAnuM maMdira valalabha vidyAnagara (ji. kheDA)mAM che. bagalAmukhInuM maMdira, kheDA jillAmAM bhAdaraNa gAmamAM AveluM che. A sAthe ghaNA leke bhAthI katharInI pUjA karatA hoya che. kheDA jillAmAM AnuM mahattva vizeSa che. keTalAka kheDUta AMbo vAvatI vakhate bhAthI katharInuM nAma daI zrIphaLa vadherIne mAnatA karatA hoya che. kheDA jillAnA kapaDavaMja gAma AgaLa phAgavelamAM temanuM svataMtra maMdira AveluM che. bhUtapretane nivAraNa mATe nIcalA vargamAM melaDI mAtAnI paNa upAsanA thAya che. cheTalA dasakAmAM gItAmaMdira, vedamaMdira vagere maMdire ghaNe ThekANe astitvamAM AvyAM che. amadAvAda, vaDodarA vagere sthaLee gItAmaMdira baMdhAyAM che. ahIM gItAnI pratimAnI pUjA thAya che. amadAvAdamAM kAMkarIyA vistAramAM Avela vedamaMdiramAM vedanuM pratimA svarUpe pUjana thAya che. Ama, gujarAtamAM ziva, ane viSNu pUjA sAthe vividha devadevIonI pUjA vartamAna samayamAM pracalita che.

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96 (1) OMA. huM. gaM. zAstrI (2) na dAza Mkara devazaMkara mahetA (3) OM. ha. gaM. ra. che. parIkha zAsrI ane (4) OMA. ha. ga. zAstrI (5) DaoN. navInacaMdra AcArya sadde thathA (6) 3. bhA, dave (7) du. ke. zAstrI (8) DaoN. kA. phU. seAmapurA (9) 2. bhI. joTa gujarAtanA dhama saprAca haDappA ane mAhe jo-daDA zAkata saMpradAya, muMbaI, I.sa. 1932 gujarAtanA rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika itihAsa graMtha 2, prakaraNa 3, 4, 5, amadAvAda 1972-76 maitrakakAlIna gujarAta, amadAvAda, 1955 (1) cAvaDA vaMzanA rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika itihAsa, amadAvAda, 1973 (2) seAla kI kAlIna gujarAtanA sAMskR tika itihAsa, amadAvAda, 1973 aMbikA, kATezvara ane kuMbhAriyA gujarAtanAM tIrtha sthAne sUrya maMdira vizeSAMka khaMbhAtanA itihAsa, amadAvAda,1949

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janadharma prAstAvikaH | gujarAtanI prajAmAM hiMdu dharma pachI bIjo mahattvane dharma te jene dhama che. temAM tIrthakaronuM mahatva aMkAyuM che. bhAratanI dharmaparaMparAmAM eka prAcInakALathI be pravAho jovA maLe che : (1) brAhmaNapravAha, (2) zramaNapravAha, brAhmaNa paraMparAne vikAsa "brahmana'nI AsapAsa thaye ane zramaNa paraMparAne vikAsa "zamana"nI AsapAsa thayA. brAhmaNa paraMparAmAM yajJayAgAdinuM vizeSa mahattva hatuM. zramaNa paraMparAmAM ahiMsA pradhAna dharmabhAvanAne vikAsa thayebrAhmaNa paraMparAmAM vedadharmane prasAra thayo, jyAre zramaNa paraMparAmAMthI jaina ane bauddhadharmane prasAra thayo. Aje ApaNe jene jaina dharma tarIke oLakhIe chIe, te I. sapUrve 6ThThA saikAmAM mahAvIranA samayamAM nigraMtha saMpradAya tarIke oLakhAto hato. nigraMtha eTale graMthi vinAne. A saMpradAyamAM thayelA AcAryo ane saMte jina tarIke oLakhAvA lAgyA. "jina" zabda "ni-gaya" jItavuM uparathI baneluM che. eTale ke jeNe indriyane chatI mana, vANuM ane kAyA upara kAbU meLavela che te. AvA puruSone jaina paraMparAmAM "ahaMta" kahevAmAM Ave che. ahaMta eTale jeNe aMtaranA zatruo upara kAbU meLavyo che te. AvA ahaMta tarIke oLakhAtA mahApuruSa kevala jJAna prApta karyA pachI tIrthakara tarIke oLakhAya che. jaina dharmamAM AvA 24 tIrthakaro thayA manAya che: (1) RSabhadeva, (2) ajitasvAmI, (3) saMbhavanAtha, (4) aniMdana, (5) sumatinAtha, (6) padmaprabhu, (7) supArzvanAtha, (8) caMduprabhunAtha, (9) suvidhinAtha, (10) zItalanAtha, (11) zreyAMsanAtha, (12) vAsupUjyanAtha, (13) vimalanAtha, (14) anaMtanAtha, (15) dharmanAtha, (6) zAMtinAtha, (17) kuMthunAtha, (18) aranAtha, (19) mahiSa

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gujarAtanA dhama sa`pradAya nAtha, (20) munisuvratanAtha, (21) naminAtha, (22) neminAtha, (23) pArzvanAtha, (24) mahAvIra. A savamAM RSabhadeva Adya tIrthaMkara tarIke oLakhAya che. teo ghaNA purAtanakAlamAM thaI gayA heAvAnuM manAya che. ema kahevAya che ke emaNe mAnavIne sau prathama makAna bAMdhatAM, khetI karatAM ane lakhatAM, vAMcatAM zIkhavyuM. Ama, teo mAnavajAtinA prathama sudhAraka manAyA. tee viSNunA 24 avatAra mAMnA eka avatAra manAya che. khAkInAmAMthI 22mA tIthaMkara zrIkRSNanA samakAlIna neminAtha ane 23mA tIrthaM kara pAzva nAtha tathA 24mA tIrthaMkara mahAvIra atihAsika vibhUti manAya che. temanA vizenAM keTalAMka ceAkkasa atihAsika pramANA maLe che. 22mA tIrthaMkara neminAtha yAdavakulamAM janmelA hatA. tee kRSNanA pitarAI bhAI thatA hatA. potAnA lagnanA divase thatI jIvahiM sA joI saMsAranA tyAga karI ujjayaMta (giranAra) upara tapa karavA cAlyA gayA. tyAM valajJAna pAmyA 98 trevIsamA tItha kara pArzvanAtha vArANusInA azvasena rAjyanA putra hatA. temanI mAtAnuM nAma vAmAdevI hatuM. temaNe lagabhaga 70 varSanuM AyuSya bhAgavyuM hatuM. temaNe prajAne cAra yAma (tratA) satya, ahiMsA, asteya ane aparigraha prApyAM. ceAvIsamA tItha kara mahAvIra svAmI pote pArzvanAtha para parAnA hatA. tee gautama yuddhanA samakAlIna manAya che. temanA janma IkSvAku kuLanI kSatriya jAtimAM I. sa. pU. 599mAM, paTanA nagaranI uttare kuMDagrAmamAM thayA hatA. temanA pitAnuM nAma siddhArtha hatuM ane mAtAnu nAma trizalAdevI hatuM. temanA janmathI mAtApitAnI sarva prakAranI samRddhithI vadhatAM, temanu nAma vamAna pADavAmAM AvyuM. vardhamAna bALapaNathI ja vairAgya vRttinA hatA. temaNe mAtAnA premane vaza thaI lagna karyuM. temane yAdharA (yazeAdA) nAmanI putrI hatI. mAtApitAnuM mRtyu thatAM pAtAnA bhAI naMdIvardhanane rAjya soMpI temaNe trIsamA varSe saMsAranA tyAga karyo. lagabhaga bAra varSa sudhI kaDhAratapa karIne teramA varSe kevala jJAnane pAmyA. kuvala jJAna pAmyA pachI tee mahAvIra tarIke oLakhAvA lAgyA. lagabhaga trIsa varSa sudhI jagatane upadeza ApI ahiMsAne mahimA vadhAryAM. temaNe peAtAnA anuyAyIone pAMca yAma prabheAdhyAM. satya, ahiMsA, asteya, aparigraha ane brahmacaya .

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jenadhAma (a) jainadharmanA AcAraH jainadharma e AcArapradhAna dharma che. tenA AcAro nIce pramANenA che : (1) mahAvrata ane aNuvrata: jainadharmamAM vrata ane upavAsane mahatva ApavAmAM AvyuM che. temAM zrAvaka -zrAvikAo mATe nIcenAM vRtta nakkI karavAmAM AvyAM che. (a) ahiMsA: mana, vANI ane karmo karIne hiMsA AcaravI nahi, temaja AcaranArane anumodana ApavuM nahi. (ba) satyaH mana, vANI ane karmo karIne asatya balavuM ke AcaravuM nahi, temaja AcAranArane anumodana ApavuM nahi. (ka) brahmacarya : mana, vANI ane karmo karIne brahmacarya vrata AcaravuM. (Da) asteyaH mana, vANI ane karmo karIne corI karavI nahi. (I) aparigrahaH mana, vANI ane karmo karIne koI paNa vastune parigraha karavo nahi, temaja tema karanArane anumodana ApavuM nahi. A pAMca vrato jainadharmamAM sAdhu-sAdhvIo tIvratAthI pALe tyAre te mahAvrata kahevAya ane zrAvaka-zrAvikAo paristhitine anurUpa thaI pALe tyAre te aNuvrata kahevAya che. samiti: samiti eTale sadAcAra, sAruM vartana. jainadharmamAM pAMca samitio darzAvela che? (1) irSA samiti : A samiti ahiMsA para racAyelI che. AmAM varNavyA mujaba koIpaNa sAdhu-sAdhvIoe rAtanA cAlavuM joIe nahi. temaja je raste lIluM ghAsa heya temAM paga mUkIne cAlavuM joIe nahi. (2) bhASA samiti : ApaNe vANI dvArA paNa hiMsA thAya tevuM AcaraNa karavuM joIe nahi. sAdhu-sAdhvIoe evI vANI uccAravI joIe ke jethI darekane dharmalAbha thAya. (3) eSaNa samitiH - - sAdhu-sAdhvIoe evI koIpaNa IcchA sevavI joIe nahi, ke jethI saMsArI jIvane dukha thAya.

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100 (4) AdAna nikSepaNa samiti dareka sAdhu-sAdhvIe e peAtAnAM vastro evI rIte levAM ke mUkavAM joIe, ke jethI kAIpaNa prakAranI jIvahiMsA na thAya. (5) pariSThApanA samiti : gujarAtanA dhama sapradAya dareka sAdhu-sAdhvIoe peAtAnA maLamUtranA evI rIte tyAga karavA joIe ke jenAthI hiMsA na thAya. traNa gupti : gupti eTale sAcavavuM, rakSaNa karavu, jainadharmamAM paNa traNa gupti dvArA manane sthira rAkhavAnuM jaNAvyuM che. manegupti, vAgupti ane kAyarupti. cAra bhAvanAH bhAvanA eTale manamAM bhAva lAvavA te. A cAra bhAvanA nIce mujaba cheH (1) maitrIbhAva : dareka jIva pratye mitratA rAkhavI ane savA~ jIvanA aparAdha mApha karavA. kAI paNa jIva pratye veranI bhAvanA na rAkhavI, (2) pramAdabhAva : bhautika ke AdhyAtmika jJAnamAM kAI caDhiyAtu hAya te tenI irSyA na karatAM tenA pratye AdarabhAva ane mAnanI lAgaNI rAkhavI. (3) karuNAbhAva : jIvamAtra pratye karuNAbhAva rAkhavA joIe. (4) madhyasthabhAva : kAIpaNa ziSya ke zrAvaka-zrAvikAne upadeza na samajAya teA tenA pratye upekSA karyA sivAya tene samajAya tevA prayatna karavA joIe. (5) sAmayika ane pratikramaNa : jainadhama manAvigrahanI vRtti para bhAra mUke che. manane kAbUmAM rAkhavA mATe be prakAranI kriyAene Avazyaka gaNavAmAM AvI che, je Avazyaka tarIke oLakhAya che. A be kriyAeAmAM tIthaMkaranI stuti ane vaMdanA uparAMta jANe ajANe thayelA pApane kabUla karI pharIthI na thAya tevA niNya karavAnA hAya che. A be Avazyako te (1) sAmayika ane (2) pratikramaNu.

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jainadharma 101 sAmayika eTale mananI samatA keLavavAne vidhi. A kriyAmAM pitAnI zakti pramANe manane sthira rAkhI dharmadhyAna karavAnuM hoya che. pratikramaNa eTale pApa kabUlI puNya tarapha pAchA pharavAne vidhi. jaina paraMparAmAM divasanuM ane rAtrinuM ema be prakAranAM pratikramaNa karavAnAM hoya che. rAtri daramiyAna karelAM pApono svIkAra savAranA pratikramaNamAM karavAne heya che, ane divasa daramiyAna karelAM pApone svIkAra rAtrinA pratikramaNamAM karavAnuM hoya che. karmanuM mahatva : jainadharma karmapradhAna che. ahIM nava tatvo dvArA karmanuM mahattva svIkAravAmAM Ave che. A nava to te (1) jIva, (2) ajIva, (3) pApa, (4) puNya, (5) baMdha, (6) mekSa, (7) Atrava, (8) saMvara, (9) nirjarA. A nava tatvomAM prathama chane artha sAmAnya che. A strava, saMvara ane nirjarAnuM mahattva savizeSa che. Asrava eTale karmonuM AtmA tarapha vahevuM. kharAba karmo AtmAne malina banAve che. kharAba karmone aTakAvI zakAya che. tene saMvara kahevAya. A kArya AcAra dvArA thaI zake. jainadharmamAM pUrva janmanAM karmo mATe nirjarAnI kalpanA karavAmAM AvI che. tIvra tapa dvArA parabhavanAM karmone jalAvI devAM, khaMkherI nAkhavAM tene nirjarA kahe che. saMgha : jainadharmamAM saMghanA cAra bheda cheH (1) sAdhu, (2) sAvI, (3) zrAvaka, (4) zrAvikA. A paikI pahelA be saMsArano tyAga karI vairAgyanA niyamo pALe che. jyAre zrAvaka-zrAvikAo saMsAramAM rahI sadAcAranA niyamo pALe che. navakAramaMtraH ahetAne, siddhone, AcAryone, upAdhyAyane ane lokomAM rahelA jJAnIone namaskAra karavAne A maMtrano udeza che. jainadharmamAM A maMtranuM mahattva brAhmaNanA gAyatrI maMtra jeTaluM che. jaina dharmanA saMpradAyaH A dharmanA be mukhya saMpradAyo cheH (1) zvetAMbara, (2) digabara samaya jatAM A be saMpradAyamAMthI aneka ga7 ane peTAgaccha astitvamAM AvyA. zvetAMbara eTale jeNe vetavastra dhAraNa karyA che te. digaMbara

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102 gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya eTale jeNe dizArUpI vastrane dhAraNa karela che te. arthAta keI skUla vastra paheryA nathI. digaMbare strInA mekSamAM mAnatA nathI. jyAre zvetAMbaro temAM mAne che. digaMbaro mAne che ke tIrthakaro vItarAgI hovAthI temane vastro sugaMdhI dravyo ke phaLaphUlathI pUjavAM joIe nahi. vetAMbaramAM A kaI bAdha nathI. baMne saMpradAyamAM vividha gacchA ane saMghe jovA maLe che. zvetAMbara saMpradAyanA gaccha: zvetAMbara saMpradAyamAM be prakAranA gacchA jovA maLe che. (1) mUrtipUjaka, (2) mUrti virodhaka mUrtipUjaka ga7 nIce pramANenA che: (1) upadeza ga7: pArzvanAtha sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve che. (2) kharatara ga7 : vardhamAna sUri A gacchanA netA hatA. A gucchanA anuyAyIo rAjasthAna ane baMgALamAM vizeSa jovA maLe che. (3) tapAgaccha : vetAMbara saMpradAyamAM A gacchanuM mahatva vizeSa che. A gacchanA sthApaka jagacaMdranA tapathI prabhAvita thaI rAjAe A ga7ne tapAgaccha tarIke biradAvyuM. A gacchanA anuyAyIo gujarAtamAM jovA maLe che. (4) pAzva caMdragachaH pASacaMdra nAmanA sAdhunA nAma parathI A ga7nuM nAma pASacaMdra paDayuM che. (5) paumAyika gachaH caMdraprabhasUrie gacchanI sthApanA karI hatI. (6) acala gacchaH A gacchanA anuyAyIo mukhapaTTIne badale aMcalane upayoga kare che. (7) Aganika ga7 : A gacchanA anuyAyIo kSetra devatAnI pUjA karatA nathI. AmAMthI eka kaDuka nAmanI zAkhA zarU thaI. mUtivirodhaka gacchaH ' (1) luMpAka gaccha, (2) veSadhara ga7, (3) sthAnakavAsI devAlayamAM nahi paNa sthAnakamAM mAnanArA ga7, (4) terApaMthI. digaMbara saMpradAyanA saMgha: digaMbara saMpradAyane zarUAtamAM mULa saMgha eka ja hatA. temAMthI siMha saMdha, deva saMdha vagere saMghe thayA. dhArmika AcAranA matabhedomAMthI nIcenA keTalAka saMghe astitvamAM AvyA.

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jainadharma 103 (1) kaviDa saMdha, (2) kASTa saMdha, (3) mAthura saMdha vagere. hAlamAM digaMbaromAM aneka saMgho che. AcAranA najIvA kAraNasara A sarva saMdha ekamekathI judA paDe che. gujarAtamAM jainadharmane prasAra bAvIsamA tIrthaMkara neminAtha yAdava rAjakumAra hatA. temanuM kAryakSetra dvArakA, giranAra ane tenI AsapAsane pradeza hatuM. gujarAtamAM neminAthanA samayathI jainadharmane prasAra vegathI thayo hoya tema lAge che. kSatrapakAlamAM gujarAtamAM jainadharma pracalita hatA ema saurASTramAMthI maLelA kSatrapakAlIna jenavihAra uparathI kahI zakAya. A samaye ujjayanta (giranAra), DhAMka tathA bharukaccha vagere jainadharmanAM kendro hatAM. I. sa.nA cothA saikAnA AraMbhamAM jaina Agama graMthenI eka vAcanA mathurAmAM ane bIjI vAcanA valabhImAM thaI hatI. pAMcamI sadImAM devardhigaNi kSamAkSamaNe e be vAcanAonI tulanAtmaka AvRtti taiyAra karI te hajI bhAratabharanA vetAMbaramAM mAnya gaNAya che. A vakhate giranAra eka neMdhapAtra jaina tIrtha hatuM. saurASTranuM prabhAsa pATaNa eka prAcIna tIrtha manAtuM. DhAMka paNa jaina tIrtha hatuM. DhAMkamAMnI guphAomAMthI kSatrapakAlIna jaina pratimAo maLI che. nAgArjune zeDhI nadInA kinAre pArzvanAthanI pratiSThA staMbhanaka (umareTha pAsenuM hAlanuM thAmaNuM) tIrthamAM karI hatI. uttara gujarAtamAM Avela vaDhiyAramAM Avela jaina tIrtha zaMkhezvara A samayanuM eka noMdhapAtra tIrtha hatuM. saurASTranA baraDAnA DuMgaromAM jaina sAdhuo mATe kSatrapAlamAM vihAra karAyelA hatA. jUnAgaDhamAM AvelI bAvA yArAnI guphA jaina hovAnuM jaNAya che. sANAnI guphAo jena tIrtha hovAnuM manAya che. DhAMkanI guphAomAM jaina tIrthakaronI pratimAo kaMDArelI che. mitrakakAlamAM jainadharma dhIre dhIre gujarAtamAM vistaryo hato. A samaye valabhI jaina dharmanuM nedhapAtra kendra hatuM. jaina Agama graMthenI vAcanA valabhImAM taiyAra thaI hatI. maitraka rAjavI vasena pahelAe potAnA putrane viSAda dUra karavA AnaMdapura(hAlanuM vaDanagara)mAM kalpasUtrane pATha karAvyo hato. keTalAka maitraka rAjavIe e jaina vihArane rAjyAzraya Apyo hatA. valabhImAM A samaye aneka jinAlaya hatAM. valabhIne vinAza vakhate tyAMnI keTalIka pratimAo zrImAla, kAzadada, zatruMjaya, hArIja, prabhAsa vagere sthaLe khaseDavAmAM AvI hatI. I. sa. 783mAM

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104 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya jinasena sUrie harivaMza purANa nAmanA jaina purANanI racanA vaDhavANamAM karI hatI. Ama, maitrakakAlamAM jainadharma dhIre dhIre gujarAtamAM sthAna jamAvatA hato. jyAre bauddhadharmanI dhIre dhIre paDatI zarU thaI hatI. cAvaDA ane solaMkIkALa daramyAna jainadharmane ThIka ThIka rAjyAzraya maLe. solaMkIkALa daramyAna jainadharmane lokapriya banAvavAmAM caulukya rAjavI kumArapAle mahattvano phALo Ape. mULarAja pahelAe pATaNamAM mUla-vasahikA baMdhAvI. cAmuMDarAje eka jaina maMdirane bhUmidAna ApyuM hatuM. durlabharAjanA samayamAM pATaNamAM eka jaina zreSThIe mahAvIra svAmInI pratimAnI pratiSThA karI hatI. bhImadeva pahelAnA samayamAM enA daMDanAyaka vimale Abu upara suMdara vimalavasahI nAmanuM maMdira baMdhAvyuM hatuM. kuMbhAriyAnAM jaina maMdiro paNa A samaye baMdhAyAM hatAM. karNadeva pahelAe ane siddharAja jayasiMhe lADela pAse jena ma dirane bhUmidAna ApyuM hatuM. muMjAla maMtrIe pATaNamAM jaina maMdira baMdhAvyuM hatuM. abhayadeva sUrie staMbhanakamAM, temaja daMDanAyaka sajjane, giranAra upara jaina maMdira baMdhAvyAM hatAM. joLakAmAM zreSThI dhavale munisuvrata svAmInuM maMdira baMdhAvyuM hatuM. kumArapALe aneka jaina maMdiro baMdhAvyAM hatAM. pATaNamAM eNe kumAravihAra baMdhAvyuM. A uparAMta teNe giranAra, zatruMjaya, prabhAsapATaNa, khaMbhAta vagere sthaLoe aneka jaina maMdira baMdhAvyAM. pitAnA hAthe eNe tribhuvanavihAra baMdhAvyuM. hemacaMdrAcAryanI janmabhUmi dhaMdhukAmAM, eNe eka jaina maMdira baMdhAvyuM hatuM. maMtrI AmrabhaTe bharUcamAM zakunikAvihAra, tathA enA bhAI vAmbhaTe zatruMjaya upara AdinAthanuM jaina maMdira samarAvyuM. samasta gujarAtamAM jainadharmane lokapriya karavAne yaza selaMkIkAlanA madhyAhana kAlamAM jema kumArapALane maLe, tema tenA aMta bhAgamAM e yaza vastupALane maLyo. vAghelAkALa daramiyAna dhoLakAnA rANAnA maMtrIo vastupAla ane tejapAle potAnI vividha dhArmika pravRttio dvArA jainadharmane ghaNo ja vegavaMta banAvyuM. vastupAla tathA tejapAlanI vidyA ane sAhityane protsAhana ApavAnI vRttine laIne sAdhuo ane zrAvakenI pravRttione apUrva vega maLyo. ujjayaMta (giranAra), zatruMjaya ane abuMda jevA parvata temaja aNahilapura, pATaNa, bhUgukaccha (bharUca), staMbhatIrtha (khaMbhAta) ane dhavallaka (dhoLakA) jevAM nagaramAM navAM jinAlaya baMdhAvavAmAM ane jUnAM jinAlayone samajAvavAmAM vastupAla-tejapAle amUlya phALo Ape. A amAtyAe te uparAMta jinAlayanA nibhAva mATe Arthika prabaMdha karyo. A uparAMta sAmaMtasiMha ane visaladeva

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jevA maMDalezvaroe Abu paranAM jinAlayanA nirvAha arthe tathA tene lagatA utsavanI ujavaNI arthe vyavasthA karI hatI. A samaye jaina AcAryonI jIvanacaryA upara ekasAI rAkhavA mATe (caitaya) caityavAsI ane vastIvAsI AcAryonI pariSada saM. 1298 (I. sa. 1242)mAM tejapAlanA pramukhapade maLI hatI. A samaye jainadharmanI asara gujarAtamAM vyApaka pramANamAM vistarI hatI. gujarAtamAM kumArapAlanA samayathI prANIonI hiMsA dhIre dhIre ochI thavA lAgI. A kAryamAM jainAcArya hemacaMdrAcArye ghaNo ja mahattavane phALo ApyA hatA. temaNe jainadharmane lagatAM triSaSThisalAkApuruSacarita jevA jainadharmane lagatA keTalAka uttama graMtha racyA. mahAmAtya vastupAle aneka jainakavione Azraya ApI uttama jaina graMthe lakhAvyA. vastupAle pote AdinAtha stotra, neminAtha stotra, aMbikA stotra vagere racyAM. zatruMjayanI yAtrA vakhate pitAne aMtaHkAla pAse jaNAtAM vastupAle potAnuM aMtima kAvya "ArAdhanA' racyuM. A uparAMta amaracaMdra, jinaprabha sUri, udayaprabhasUri, narendraprabhasUri, naracaMdrasUri, bAlacaMdrasUri, jayasiMhasUri, mANekacaMdra vagere jaina kavioe uttama graMtha racI jaina dharmane vikasAvavAmAM mahattvano bhAga bhajavyo hato. I. sa. 1304mAM solaMkI sattAne aMta AvatAM gujarAtamAM muslima saltanatanI sthApanA thaI. A samaye keTalAMka hiMdu temaja jaina maMdirone nAza thayo. maMdiranI jagyAe masjida banI. cAre bAju rAjakIya aMdhAdhUMdhI ane hiMsAnuM vAtAvaraNa phelAyuM. AvA vakhate paNa buddhizALI jaina samAje potAnA vepAra sAthe jaina maMdira ane jaina sAhitya sAcavavA puSkaLa prayatna karyA. vi. saM. 1369(I. sa. 1313)mAM muslimoe jenenA mahAtIrtha zatre jaya uparanA mukhya maMdirane nAza karI tyAMnI Adizvara pratimAne khaMDita karI. A ja arasAmAM Abu uparanA jaina maMdire vimalavasahi ane lUNavasahine paNa musalamAne puSkaLa nukasAna karyuM. be varSa bAda samarAzAhe gujarAtanA sUbA alapakhAnanI maMjUrI laI zatruMjaya tIrthane jIrNoddhAra karAvyuM. e pachI mevADanA karmazAha bahAdurazAhanI maMjUrI meLavI. A tIrthamAM jIrNoddhAra karAvI tIrthakaronI pratimAo sthApI. vi saM. 1378 (I. sa. 1322)mAM Abu uparanAM jaina maMdira vimalavasahi ane lUNasahine punaruddhAra thayo.

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gujarAtanA dhama sapradAya A sAthe A samaye Ayu, IDara, tAraMgA, mAMDavagaDha, pAlanapura vagere sthaLeAe vividha jaina pratimAonI pratiSThA karavAmAM AvI. giranAra upara navAM be caityA baMdhAyAM. 103 vi. saM. 1507 (I. sa. 1851)mAM ratnasiMha sUrinA paTTAbhiSeka prasaMge jUnAgaDhanA rA mAMDalike paMcamI, aSTamI ane caturdazInA divaseAe rAjyamAM kAI jIvanI hiMsA na thAya tevI amArI dveSaNA karI. jainadhama nuM prabhutva TakI paNa kAI khAsa avarAdhe Ama, AvA kaparA sa MjogAmAM paNa gujarAtamAM rahyuM hatuM. A samaye jaina sAhityanA vikAsamAM AvyA na hatA. graMtharacanA uparAMta gra MthAdvAranu kArya paNu A samaye ThIka ThIka cAlatuM hatuM. jUnA tADapatrIya graMtheAnI nakA bhAvika zrAvakA kAgaLa upara karAvI graMtha ane graMthAlayane vyavasthita rAkhatA. khaMbhAta ane pATaNanA jaina bhaMDArAmAMthI saltanatakAlIna aneka hastapratA maLI Avela che A samaye jaina sUriemAM merutu gari, mahendraprabhasUri, jinaprabhasUri, sarvAnaMdasUri, sAmatilakasUri, ratnadevasUri, vijayAnaMda, merutu gasUri, (prabaMdhaciMtAmaNinA racanAra) rAjazekharasUri, jJAnasAgarasUri, munibhadrasUri, bhAvadevasUri, malayacaMdra, jayazekhara, seAmasu Mdara, vinayacaMdra jinabha, ratnazekhara vageree jaina dharmanA noMdhapAtra gra MthA racyA che. akabare gujarAta jItatAM rAjakIya pakSe kaMIka sthiratA AvI. bAdazAha akabaranI sarva dharma samabhAvavALI dhArmika nItine pariNAme keTalAMka jaina maMdiranuM navasarjana thayuM. vi. saM. 1644 (I. sa. 1588)mAM zAha vijayA ane rAjiyAe khaMbhAtamAM jaina madira baMdhAvyuM, vi. sa. 1611 (I. sa. 1165)mAM khaMbhAtamAM mANekacekamAM AvelA ciMtAmaNi pArzvanAtha ane AdizvaranA maMdiramAM khaMbhAtanA seAnI tejapAle zrI hIravijayasUrinA hAthe maMdiranI pratimAnI sthApanA karAvI. vi. saM. 1678mAM amadAvAdanA zeTha zAMtidAsa jhaverIe amadAvAdamAM sarasapuramAM ciMtAmaNi pArzvanAthanuM jaina maMdira ba MdhAvyu hatu.. A madirane bAdazAha aura gakreme peAtAnI gujarAtanI sakhAgIrI daramyAna masjidamAM pheravI nAkhyuM hatuM.

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jaina dharma 107 A samayane jaina AcAryoe mughala darabAramAM potAno prabhAva pADaye. hato. hIravijayasUri akabaranA kRpApAtra banyA hatA. temanI sUcanAthI bAdazAha akabare rAjyamAM jIvahiMsA na karavAnuM pharamAna bahAra pADayuM hatuM. bIjA eka pharamAnamAM bAdazAha akabare jaina sAdhuone koIpaNa prakArano trAsa na. ApavA nI ane temane potAnI AcAra pAlananI chUTa ApavAnI jAherAta karI hatI. - I. sa. 1556nAM be pharamAna dvArA mughala bAdazAha zAhajahAMe zeTha zAMtidAsa jhaverIne gujarAtanA jaina saMghanA pratinidhi tarIke jene nA tIrthadhAma zaMkhezvara gAmane IjAro Apyo hato. I. sa. 1660mAM zAMtidAsa jhaverIne temanI sevAonA badalAmAM bAdazAha auraMgajhebe jainadharmanA pratinidhi tarIke zatruMjaya, Abu, ane giranAranAM jaina tIrthonI ropaNI karI hatI. A samaye IDara, sojitrA, sUrata vageremAM digabara saMpradAyanA ghaNuM anuyAyIo vasatA hatA. A samaye gujarAtamAM digabara saMpradAye keTalAka jaina graMtha racyA hatA. A samaye jaina dharmamAM keTalIka zAkhAo paDI gaI hatI. "mirAte ahamadI'mAM jaNAvyA pramANe A samaye ceryAsIgaccha astitvamAM hatA, jevA ke osavALaga7, jarAvalagaccha, kakerA, karaMTIA, bharucA, aDhAviyA, koDavIA vekedIA, rahamasAlIA, moDAsIyA, vAsIyA, kacchapAlIA, ghoghAvAla, vaDodarIyA khaMbhAtIyA, brahmanA jhAlerA, bhUkhaDIyA, citaDA, bAparavAla, moDhAra hadIA, bAladhAsA, sAdA, kuMjhaDIyA, kanIsA, sedAnIA, sAkasanIA, cAMcalIyAnAgara keTIA, bhAvaDAjIA, lunArasIA, nAMdaka, siddhapurA, borasadIyA vagere. mughalakAla daramyAna zvetAMbara mUrtipUjaka jainenA be ga7-tapAgaccha ane kharatara ga7 vacce ugra matabheda hatA. tapAgacchane moTA anuyAyI varga gujarAtamAM hatA. hIravijayasUrie baMne ga9-vacce sumeLa karavA nedhapAtra prayatna karyA hatA. temaNe "bArabola" nAmanI AjJAo I. sa. 1590mAM jAhera karI hatI. yAtrAdhAma : gujarAtanA ghaNuM nAnAMmoTAM nagara jainadharmanAM yAtrAdhAmo samAna che. te sarvemAM nIcenAM khAsa noMdhapAtra che : .

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108 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya Abu : gujarAta rAjasthAnanI hada pAse Avelo Abu parvata hAla rAjasthAnamAM mukAya che, paraMtu tyAMnAM prasiddha jinAlayo gujarAtanA zrAvakee baMdhAvyAM che. Abu para delavADAmAM AvelAM jaina maMdire gujarAtanI sthApatya kalAnI uttama kRtio che. A maMdiramAM eka cAlukya rAjavI bhImadeva 1 lAnA samayamAM bAramI sadImAM tenA caMdrAvatInA daMDanAyaka vimalamaMtrIe baMdhAvyuM hatuM, ane bIjuM lUNavasati nAme oLakhAtuM neminAthanuM maMdira dhoLakAnA rANuM varadhavalanA maMtrI vastupAlanA bhAI tejapAle pitAnA putra bhUNiganI yAdamAM teramI sadImAM baMdhAvyuM hatuM. prAcInakALamAM A maMdirane vahIvaTa pioravADa vaNike pAse hatA. A maMdiro aMdarathI uttama kalAkArIgarIthI bharapUra hovA chatAM bahArathI tadana sAdAM lAge che. maMdiranI AsapAsa yAtrALuo mATe keTalIka dharmazALAo AvelI che. ahIM dara varSe hajAro loke yAtrAe Ave che. tAraMgA : mahesANA jillAmAM AveluM tAraMgA eka prasiddha jaina tIrtha che. ahIM ajitanAtha bhagavAnanuM suMdara kalAtmaka vizALa maMdira AveluM che. maMdiranI AsapAsa 38 mITarane vizALa coka che. maMdira lagabhaga 125 phUTa UMcuM che. najIkamAM digaMbara sAdhuo mATenuM uttama maMdira AveluM che. maMdiranI dIvAlane suMdara zilpo thI zaNagAravAmAM AvelI che. zaMkhezvaraH mahesANA jillAmAM cANasmA najIka AveluM zaMkhezvara nAmanuM tIrtha jenuM nAmAMkita yAtrAdhAma che. ahIMnuM jaina maMdira 16mI sadInuM hovAne saMbhava che. ahIM pArzvanAthanuM prAcIna maMdira che. pATaNa: mahesANA jillAmAM AveluM pATaNa prAcInakALamAM caulukya rAjavIonI rAjadhAnI hatI. A nagarImAM jaina saMpradAyanAM aneka uttama keTInAM maMdire jevAM ke paMcAsarA pArzvanAtha, vADI pArzvanAtha, kumArapAlanuM maMdira vagere AvelAM che. ahIM badhAM maLIne nAnAM moTAM lagabhaga baso jaina maMdiro AvelAM che ahIM hemacaMdrAcAryanA nAme cAlatI saMsthA ane graMthabhaMDAra jovAlAyaka che. jaina graMthabhaMDAramAM ghaNuM uttama prAcIna hastalikhita graMthane sAcavavAmAM AvyA che.

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jainadharma 109 khaMbhAta : prAcInakALamAM solaMkI samayamAM khaMbhAta samRddhinA zikhare hatuM. caulukya rAjavI kumArapAlanA samayamAM tenA udayana nAmanA maMtrIe khaMbhAtane uttama jaina maMdirethI zaNagAyuM hatuM. khaMbhAtane jaina dharmAcArya kalikAlasarvajJa. zrI hemacaMdrAcAryanI dIkSAbhUmi hovAthI aneka bhAvika jaine eka mahatvanuM yAtrAdhAma mAne che. ahIM aneka jaina prAsAda, uttama pratimAo, daitya, upAzraya, jJAnabhaMDAro vagere AvelAM che. anuzruti pramANe jANavA maLe che ke Abu para. lUNavasatinA maMdiramAM padharAvelI neminAthanI pratimA khaMbhAtamAM taiyAra karavAmAM AvI hatI, vi.saM. 1368mAM staMbhana pArzvanAthanI pratimA staMbhanaka (thAmaNA)thI atre lAvavAmAM AvatAM, A sthaLa jaina tIrtha tarIke vadhAre prakhyAta thayuM. ahIM nItivijayane jJAnabhaMDAra, zAMtinAtha jainabhaMDAra, sAgaragacchanA upAzrayane jJAnabhaMDAra, vijayanemisuri jJAnabhaMDAra vagere jJAnabhaMDAromAM uttama jaina graMthe sacavAyelA che. ahIMnAM maMdiramAM mANekacokanuM zrI ciMtAmaNipArzvanAthanuM maMdira, zAMtinAtha jinAlaya, mahAvIra svAmI jinAlaya vagere noMdhapAtra che. A uparAMta mANekacoka, cekasInI poLa, kharapADe, saMghavInI poLa, bhoMyarApADe, baLapIpaLo, UMDIpaLa, daMtAra pADa, mAMDavInI poLa, nirALA pADe vagere sthaLe aneka nAnAM meTAM jaina devAlaye AvelAM che. zatruMjyaH sorASTramAM pAlitANA pAse Avela zatruMjaya tIrthane mahimA solaMkI rAjavI kumArapAlane vakhatathI vikasyo hoya tema lAge che. taLeTImAMthI upara javA mATe pagathiyAM che. ghaNAM maMdiramAM lekha jovA maLe che. zatruMjaya siddhAcala ane tIrtharAja gaNAya che. upara kiTalAmAM aneka uttama maMdiro AvelAM che. ghaNuM maMdire cUnAmAM taiyAra karelAM che. te ghaNuM ArasanA paththarathI bAMdhelAM che. vacce mukhya maMdiranA garbhagRhamAM tIrthakaranI suMdara pratimA padharAvela che. zatruMjaya upara AvI daza Trake che. nAnI moTI TaeNkenA maMdironA rakSaNa mATe killA bAMdhelA che. dakSiNanI paTTImAM Toce AdIzvara bhagavAnanuM maMdira dekhAya che. kharataravahi TrakamAM narasiMha kezavajI nAyakanuM baMdhAyeluM I. sa. 1962nI sAlanuM eka maMdira jevA maLe che.

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-110 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya pazcimamAM AgaLa cAlatAM jamaNA hAtha upara pAMca maMdira dekhAya che. temAMnuM paheluM RSabhanAthanI mAtAnuM maMdira che. puMDarIka daravAjAmAMthI AdIzvaranA maMdiramAM javAya che. A maMdira caumukhI ghATanuM che. AkhuM maMdira be cerasa vibhAgamAM vaheMcAyela che. A uparAMta solaMkI sarjavI kumArapAla, jesalamIranA bhaNasAlI puNasI, dalIcaMda kIkAvAlA, premacaMdra dAmodara, hemAbhAI vakhatacaMda, modI premAcaMda rAyacaMda, jhaverI ratanacaMda jhaveracaMda, premacaMda jhaveracaMda jhaverI, UjamabhAI bAlAbhAI, amadAvAdanA saMdhava rU5jI zAmajI, ajameranA jayamala, amadAvAdanA pArekha semacaMda vageree baMdhAvelAM jaina maMdirethI A sthaLa eka mahAna tIrthadhAma banyuM che. ahIM lagabhaga nAnAM meTAM 500 jaina maMdirane saMpUTa Avela che. jenaprabhAvaka karmazAha ane bIjA bhAvika jainee ghaNAM maMdirane chaddhAra karAvela che. ahIM akhAtrIja, kArtikI pUrNimA, phAgaNa suda terasa ane maitrI pUrNimAe meLo bharAya che. (ahIM maMdiranA uttama sthApatyane khyAla ApavA sthaLa sakecane lIdhe namUnAkhAtara eka maMdiranuM citra Apela che. juo citra naM. 17). giranAraH saurASTramAM junAgaDhanI pAse Avela urjayaMta athavA giranAra parvata ghaNA prAcInakALathI eka neMdhapAtra yAtrAdhAma manAya che. ahIM raramA tIrthaMkara neminAthe tapa karyuM hatuM, tethI te temanI karmabhUmi manAya che. ahIM aneka prAcIna devAlaye AvelAM che. giranAra uparanAM jainamaMdiromAM jUnAmAM jUnuM neminAthanuM maMdira che. A maMdira siddharAja jayasiMhanA daMDanAyaka sajjana maMtrIe baMdhAvyuM hovAnI mAnyatA che. A maMdiramAM judA judA samaye ghaNuM pheraphAra thayA che. ahInAM devaLe tenI kalAkRti mATe prakhyAta che. giranAra upara bIjAM keTalAMka suMdara sthAne jevAMke, jamiyatazAha pIranI daragAha, pAMDavaguphA, zeSAvana, sItAmaDhI, bharatavana, hanumAna dhArA, mucakuMdaguphA vagere dhaNAM jovAlAyaka che. dAtAra zikhara upara Avela jamiyata zAhanI daragAhe javAthI rakatapittanA roga maTI jAya che evI eka mAnyatA che. bhadrezvaraH karachanA sAgarakAMThe Avela bhadrezvara kacchanuM eka noMdhapAtra jaina tIrtha che. ahIM kacchanA dAnavIra jagaDUzAhe eka suMdara maMdira baMdhAvyuM hatuM. aneka vakhata

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jainadharma 111 maMdiramAM jINoddhArane lIdhe pheraphAra thayA che. maMdiranI najIka aneka nAnI moTI dharmazALAo, upAzraya ane pustakAlayo AvelAM che. ahIMnAM maMdire jagaDuzAhanAM maMdira tarIke oLakhAya che. bAramI teramI sadImAM bhadrezvara eka noMdhapAtra jaina tIrtha manAtuM hatuM. kuMbhAriyAH banAsakAMThA jillAmAM Avela aMbAjIthI keTezvara jatAM rastAmAM kuMbhAriyAnAM maMdira Avela che. solaMkI rAjavI bhImadeva 1 lAnA vakhatamAM tenA maMtrI vimalazAhe keTalAMka jaina maMdira baMdhAvyAM hatAM. Aje ahIM temAMnAM pAMca maMdire hayAta che. ahIMnAM maMdire AbunAM jaina maMdirothI kalAnI dRSTie jarA paNa UtaratI kakSAnAM nathI. (juo ci. naM. 16) | gujarAtamAM uttama kalAkRtivALAM AvAM bIjAM aneka jaina maMdira Avela che. tethI aneka nagara yAtrAdhAma samAna banyAM che. gujarAtanAM keTalAMka nAmAMkti jaina maMdire bhImadeva pahelAnA daMDanAyaka vimala maMtrIe Abu delavADAmAM AdinAthanuM jaina maMdira baMdhAvyuM hatuM. A maMdira vimalavasahi tarIke prakhyAta che. emAM garbhagRha, garbhamaMDa5, raMgamaMDapa, navacokI ane bAvana devakulikAo AvelI che. maMdiranA mukhya garbhagRhamAM beThelA AdinAthanI suMdara pratimA AvelI che. zikhara pramANamAM nIcuM che. nava cekI tathA raMgamaMDapanA bhAgamAM suMdara zilpa kRtio najare paDe che. raMgamaMDapanI chatamAM meTA vacalA ghUmaTamAM seLa vidyAdevIonI suMdara pratimAo AvelI che. raMgamaMDapanA vacalA Aka taMbhemAM pAse pAsenA babbe staMbho vacce tAraNa katarelAM che. maMdiramAM lagabhaga 121 ArasanA staMbha che. maMdiranA pradakSiNA pathamAM bAvana devakulikAo AvelI che. bhamatInI chatamAM bharatabAhubalInuM yuddha, neminAthajInAM paMcakalyANaka, neminAthanuM carita, zrIkRSNanuM kAliya-nAgadamana, nRsiMha avatAra vagere dakSe suMdara rIte kaMDeralAM che. vimalavasahinI sAme eka hastizAlA che. temAM mokhare azvArUDha vimalanI pratimA mUkelI che. tenI AsapAsa dasa hAthIo upara pRthvIpAlanA pUrvaje, pRthvIpAla pote ane tenA vaMzajonI pratimAo katarelI che. ekaMdare maMdira ArasanI eka uttama kalAkRti che. .. -----

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112 | gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya tAraMgAnuM ajitanAthanuM maMdira: caulukya rAjavI kumArapAle aneka jaina maMdira baMdhAvyAM. temAM hAlamAM tAraMgA upara astitva dharAvatuM ajitanAthanuM maMdira noMdhapAtra che. maMdiramAM garbhagRha ane gUDhamaMDapa AvelAM che. staMbho sAdA ane UMcA che. A maMdirano jIrNoddhAra anekavAra thayo che. traNe bAjue pravezadvAra che. maMdirane gUDhamaMDapa che, pradakSiNApatha che. maMdiranI bahAranI dIvAla para suMdara kAtarakAma karela che. kuMbhAriyAnAM jaina maMdira gujarAtamAM tIrthadhAma tarIke aMbAjI pAse Avela kuMbhAriyAnAM jaina maMdiro sthApatya kaLAne uttama namUne che. ahIM vi. saM. 1171 (I. sa. 1135) ane vi. saM. 1204 (I. sa. 1148)nA lekha maLe che. ahIM zAMtinAtha derAsaranI racanA mahAvIra svAmInA maMdirane maLatI Ave che. enI AsapAsa 24 devakulikAo che, jemAM tIrthakaranA paMcakalyANaka vagerenA prasaMge noMdhapAtra che. pArzvanAthanA maMdirane pharatI vIsa devakRtikAo AvelI che. ahIMnA staMbhe ane ThAra zAkhAo upara suMdara kalAkRtio najare paDe che. neminAthanA maMdiramAM pITha ane maMDevara suMdara rIte alaMkRta karelA che. enA raMgamaMDapanI AsapAsa covIsa devakulikAo AvelI che. maMdirane pharatA narathara ane gajathara AvelA che. maMdiranI ja dhAmAM devadevIo ane yakSa vyakSiNIonAM zilpo najare paDe che. keTaleka ThekANe bhegAsananAM daze najare paDe che. ahIM nAM maMdiranA staMbhe ane chatA vimalavasahi maMdiranA staMbho ane chatenI mAphaka zaNagArela che. giranArane vastupAla vihAra: giranAra para AvelAM maMdiramAM vastupAla vihAra nAme neminAthanuM maMdira sauthI vizALa che. neminAtha maityanI dakSiNe, pazcime ane uttare vastupAle suMdara terA karAvyAM hatAM. mahAmAtya vastupAle neminAtha caityanA pAchaLanA bhAgamAM AdinAtha RSabhadevane prAsAda karAvyA. te vastupAla vihArane nAme oLakhAya che. emAM mULa nAyakanI suMdara pASANu pratimA padharAvI enI bAjue vAsupUjyanI pratimAo sthApI. maMdiranA maMDapamAM aMbikA tathA mahAvIranI pratimAo mUkAvI. A uparAMta garbhadvAranI dakSiNe ane uttare potAnI temaja tejapAlanI adhArUDha mUtio. mUkAvI. temaja DAbI bAjue potAnI tathA potAnI patnI lalitA devInA puNyanI

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jainadharma vRddhi artha, ajitanAtha Adi vIsa tIrthakaronI pratimAo sahita mahAtIrtha. vatArane prAsAda karAvyuM. hAlamAM neminAtha maMdiramAM vastupAle karAvela maMDapa ke mUrtio jovA maLatI nathI. paraMtu vastupAla vihAranA be prAsAda mejuda rahelA che. A devAlaya kharI rIte triguNu devAlayanA prakAranuM che. vacce be ghUmaTavALe laMbacorasa maMDapa che. enI pAchaLa garbhagRha che. maMDapanI be bAjue ekeka maMDapa Avela che. hAlamAM ahIM mUlanAyaka RSabhadevane badale pArzvanAthanI pratimA jovA maLe che. A pratimA sAmaMtasiMha tathA salakhaNasiMhe saM. 1305 (I. sa. 1249 mAM karAvI hovAnuM jaNAvela che. AbunuM luNigavasahiH Abuparvata upara delavADAmAM mahAmAtyanA vastupAlanA bhAI tejapAle pitAnA putra lUNasiMhanA puNyArthe patnI anupamA devInI preraNAthI vi. saM. 1287(I. sa. 1231)mAM neminAthanuM je maMdira baMdhAvyuM te lUNasahi tarIke oLakhAya che. ArasanA A maMdiramAM garbhagRha, aMtarAla, gUDhamaMDapa, zaMgArakI, navacekI, raMgamaMDapa, vagere AvelAM che. maMdirane pharatI devakulikAnI hAra AvelI che. maMDovaranI bahAranI dIvAlo para zilpo kaMDArela che. garbhagRha samarasa ghATanuM che. temAM neminAthanI pratimA padharAvela che. aMtarAlanI bane bAjunI dIvAlanA gavAkSamAM neminAthanA yakSa gomedha ane yakSiNuM tathA aMbikAdevAnI mUrti AvelI che. eka gavAkSamAM mULa nAyaka saMbhavanAthanI pratimA ane bIjI zAMtinAthanI pratimA AvelI che. A gokhalAne hAlamAM loke derANI-jeThANInA gokha tarIke oLakhe che, paNa bane gokhalA tejapAle potAnI bIjI patnInA smaraNArthe karAvyA hatA. ahIMnI devakulikAeka tejapAle potAnA kuTuMbIonA zreiyArthe karAvI hatI. temAM judA judA phUlavelanA tharavArA vividha zilpo temaja manohara daye kaMDArela che. emAM zrIkRSNane janma, emanI bALalIlA, dvArikA ane samavasaraNa, ariSTaneminI vivAha yAtrA vagere prasaMgonuM suMdara rIte Alekhana karavAmAM Avela che. A maMdiramAM kula 146 ghummaTa ane 130 staMbha che. ghummaTamAM jaina gu. 8

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114 gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya vidyAdevIonAM zilpa AvelAM che. staMbha upara suMdara kotarakAma karavAmAM Avela che. maMdiranI hastizAlAmAM tejapAlanAM kuTuMbIjanonAM zilpa gokhamAM padharAvela che. A dareka gokhanI AgaLa eka hAthI mUkela che. A hAthI para tejapAlanA pUrvajo, tejapAla ane tenA vaMzajenI pratimAo mUkelI hatI. e hAla mejUda nathI. vacakA khaMDanI vacce merughATanA traNa mALanA caumukhajI che. bhadrezvaranuM jaina maMdira : bhadrezvaramAM vasaInuM eka jANItuM jaina maMdira AveluM che. temAM atyAra sudhI asaMkhya pheraphAro thatA AvyA che. maMdiranA sthApatyane sauthI nIce bhAga atyaMta purANuM che. vi. saM. 1315 (I. sa. 1259) ahIMnA dAnavIra jagaDuzAhe A maMdirane jIrNoddhAra karAvela. ahIMnuM bhadrezvara-vasaInuM maMdira vizALa medAnamAM pharatA traNa gaDhanI vacce AveluM che. maMdiranI najIka nAnI moTI saMkhyAbaMdha dharmazALAo, upAzraya ane pustakAlaya AveluM che. maMdiranA pravezadvAro suMdara kamAnothI zebhe che. maMdiranA garbhagRhamAM mahAvIra svAmInI pratimA padharAvela che. A maMdira rANakapuranA maMdira karatAM kaMIka aMze nAnuM che. te AbunAM jaina maMdiranI kalAkRtine khyAla Ape che. maMdiranA keTalAka staMbhe sAdA che, te keTalAka suMdara kotaraNIvALA che. maMdiramAM vacce mahAvIra svAmInI pratimA, jamaNI bAjue ajitanAtha ane DAbI bAjue vimalanAthanI pratimA AvelI che. maMdiranA raMgamaMDapanA ghummaTamAM naminAthanA lagnanA varaghoDAnuM citra, temaja dIkSA kalyANakanuM citra Alekhela che. maMdiranI AjubAju para (bAvana) devakulikAo AvelI che. AthI A tIrtha bAvana jinAlayavALuM gaNAya che. samagra maMdirane suMdara zilpothI zaNagAravAmAM AvyuM che. prabhAsanuM pArzvanAthanuM maMdira : prabhAsamAM jumA masjidanI uttare pArzvanAthanuM eka maMdira AveluM che. te maMdira khaMDi che. emAM samarasa garbhagRha, pradakSiNApatha, gUDhamaMDapa ane zRMgAra kI AvelAM che. aMdaranI dIvAlamAM hArabaMdha gavAkSe AvelA che. A devAlaya covIsI prakAranuM jainamaMdira hovAno saMbhava che. gUDhamaMDapane madhyabhAga be majalAne che. uparanA bhAgamAM bevaDA ghummaTa che. garbhagRha upara kareTanI racanA che. maMdira caudamI sadInuM hoya tema jaNya che.

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jaina dharma 115 AbunuM pittalaharanuM maMdira : A maMdira vi. saM. 1373 thI 1489 (I. sa. 1316 thI 1433)nA gALAmAM baMdhAvyuM hoya tema lAge che. A maMdira bhImAzAhe baMdhAvyuM hatuM. temAM mukhya pratimA AdinAthanI che. ahIM vi. saM. 1535 (I.sa. 1479)mAM suMdara ane gadA nAmane maMtrIoe 108 maNa pittaLanI pratimA padharAvI hatI. raMgamaMDapa ane pradakSiNA mArganuM bAMdhakAma apUrNa che. pAvAgaDhanAM jaina maMdira pAvAgaDhanAM jainamaMdira traNa samUhamAM vaheMcAyela che: (1) bAvana DerI maMdira, (2) kAlikAmAtAnI Traka upara AvelAM caMdraprabha ane supArzvanAthanAM maMdire, (3) pArzvanAthanuM maMdira. A sarva maMdire caudamI-paMdaramInA arasAmAM baMdhAvelAM hoya tema lAge che. bAvanaderI samUhamAM hAla traNa maMdira Avela che. tenI uttara bAjunuM maMdira mukhya maMdira che. khaMbhAtanuM cittAmaNinuM prArthanAthanuM maMdira A maMdira zrImALIkulane parIkha vajiyA ane rAjiyA nAmanA be bhAI. oe saM. 1644 (I. sa. 1588)mAM baMdhAvI temAM pArzvanAthanI ane mahAvIranI pratimAonI sthApanA karI. emAM pArzvanAtha pratimA ciMtAmaNinA nAme oLakhAya che. A maMdirane bAra staMbha, cha dvAra ane sAta devakulikAo hatI. AgaLa dvArapAlanI be UbhI pratimAo hatI. maMdiranA bheyara AgaLa gaNezanI pratimA najare paDe che. bhoMyarAmAM keTalIka devakulikAo che, temAM mukhya pratimAo AdinAtha, mahAvIra ane zAMtinAtha tIrthakaranI jovA maLe che. kAvInAM jainamadiraH kAvImAM vaDanagaranA bAMDuA nAmanA jaina vaNike RSabhadeva prAsAda nAme eka jaina maMdira baMdhAvyuM hatuM. ahIMnA lake tene sAsunA derAsara tarIke oLakhe che. temAM garbhagRha, pradakSiNa mArga, aMtarAla, sabhAmaMDapa, vagerene samAveza thAya che. garbhagRhanI upara zikhara AveluM che. ahIMnI mukhya pratimA AdinAthanI che. enI AsapAsa bAvana devakulikAo che. maMdiranI bahAra AdinAthanAM pagalAMnI sthApanA karela che.

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gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya kAvAmAM AveluM bIjuM eka jainamaMdira dharmanAtha prAsAdanA nAme oLakhAya che. A maMdira bAMDaAnA putra kuMvarajIe vi.saM. 1654 (I.sa. 1598) mAM baMdhAvyuM hatuM. tenuM bIjuM nAma ratnatilaka che. maMdiramAM sabhAmaMDapa, garbhagRha, bhamatI vagere che. garbhagRhamAM dharmanAthanI pratimA sthApela che. A uparAMta bIjA cAra tIrthakaronI pratimAo najare paDe che. sthAnika loke ene vahunA derAsara tarIke oLakhe che. pATaNanuM vADI pArzvanAthanuM maMdira : uttara gujarAtamAM mahesANA jillAmAM Avela pATaNa gAmamAM jhaverIvADamAM A madira AveluM che. A maMdira vi. saM. 1651-165ra (I. sa. 159496)nA gALAmAM ezivAla jJAtinA kuMvarajI (kuMarajI) ane temanA kuTuMbIoe baMdhAvyuM hatuM. mULamaMdira hAla astitvamAM nathI. hAlamAM navuM maMdira baMdhAvyuM che. aMdaranA ghummaTamAM suMdara pUtaLIo najare paDe che. zatruMjayanuM AdinAthanuM maMdira vi. saM. 1587mAM kamazAhe A maMdirane jIddhAra karAvela. tyAra bAda maMdira jIrNa thaI jatAM ozavALa vaMzanA senI vAdiyAnA putra tejapAle hIravijayasUrinI preraNuthI A maMdiranuM samArakAma karAvyuM. maMdirane zikhara che. upara 21 siMhanI AkRtio che. cAre bAju devakulikAo AvelI che. darekamAM jaina pratimAo najare paDe che. maMdirane cAra gavAkSe, 32 terahA, 24 hAthI ane 74 khaMbhe che. A maMdiranuM sthApatyakIya svarUpa zatruMjaya paranAM prAcIna maMdira jevuM che. AdinAthanA mukha maMdirane maMDapa be mALane che. ahIMnI pratimA asAdhAraNa moTA kadanI che. garbhagRhanA dvAra AgaLa gajarUDha nAbhirAja ane marudevI dekhAya che. amadAvAdanuM ciMtAmaNi pArzvanAthanuM maMdira : A maMdira amadAvAdanA zAMtidAsa jhaverIe sarasapura vistAramAM baMdhAvyuM hatuM. A maMdira hAla mejUda nathI. A pASANanA maMdiramAM devakulikAo, garbhagRha ane pradakSiNA mArga hatAM. tIrthakaranI pratimA ArasanI hatI. dIvAla narathara ane gajatharathI zobhatI hatI. pAchaLa traNa devAyA hatAM. devAlayamAM vacce dIpa pragaTAvavAmAM Avato. maMdirane bAvana jinAlaya hatAM. mughala bAdazAha auraMgajhebe pote jyAre gujarAtane sUbo hato, te samaye A maMdirane masijadamAM pheravI nAkhavAno hukama karyo hato. AthI zeTha zAMtidAse maMdiranI

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jainadharma 117 pratimAone gupta mArge anya sthaLe khaseDI lIdhI hatI. e pachI bAdazAha zAhajahAMne phariyAda karatAM bAdazAhe muslima kAnUna mujaba khAnagI milakatane majida mATe chInavI laI zakAya nahi ema jaNAvI masjidane zAMtidAsane saMpI devAno hukama karyo hato. zAhajahAMnA putra dArAzakahe maherAba rahevA daI AsapAsa dIvAla baMdhAvI maMdirane anya bhAga zAMtidAsane soMpI dIdho hato, tyAM rahetA phakIrene kADhI mUkyA hatA, paraMtu A ImArata pachI na to masjida tarIke vaparAI ke na te maMdira tarIke vaparAI. samaya jatAM khaMDera thaI gaI. enI anya pratimAo jhaverIvADamAM Adizvara maMdiranA bherAmAM ane mULanAyakanI pratimA purajamalanA maMdiramAM padharAvela che. amadAvAdanuM haThIsiMhanuM maMdira : A maMdira amadAvAdanuM sauthI moTuM devAlaya che. gaI sadInA pUrvArdhamAM amadAvAdanA nagarazeTha haThIsiMhe baMdhAvyuM hatuM. maMdiranI pharatI devakulikAo AvelI che. mukhya maMdira maLI bAvana jinAla che. raMgamaMDapa raMgIna paththara jaDIne zaNagAryo che. gUDhamaMDapamAM staMbhe nathI. gUDhamaMDapanI uparane ghummaTa pramANamAM UMce che. nRtyamaMDapane ghummaTa muslima asaravALo goLa che. ekaMdare A maMdira Abu ane giranAranAM jainamaMdira karatAM kalAnI daSTie UtaratI kakSAnuM hovA chatAM solaMkIkAla pachI ghaNA lAMbA samaye amadAvAdamAM AvI eka suMdara kRtinuM sarjana karIne zeTha haThIsiMhe jainamaMdiramAM eka apUrva maMdirane Umero karyo che. jaina dharmanA prabhAvake : gujarAtamAM jainadharmane vikasAvavAmAM aneka jaina sUrio, rAjavIo, jainamaMtrIo, koThIo, kavio vageree noMdhapAtra phALo Ape che. ahIM sthaLasaMkocanA kAraNe jainadharmanA thoDAka nAmAMkita prabhAvakane paricaya ApavAmAM Avyo che. (1) hemacaMdrAcArya : hemacaMdrAcAryanA jIvana vize saMskRta prAkRta apabhraMza graMthamAMthI puSkaLa mAhitI maLe che. hemacaMdrAcArya salakI 2AjavI siddharAja ane kumArapAlanA samayamAM eka uttama kakSAnA vidvAna manAtA. temano janma saMvata 1145 (I. sa. 1089)mAM

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118 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya dhaMdhukAmAM thaye hato. temanI mAtAnuM nAma cAhiNI (athavA pAhiNI) ane pitAnuM nAma cAca hatuM. temanuM janma nAma cAMga hatuM. temaNe devacaMdrasUri pAse dIkSA lIdhI hatI. dIkSA vakhate temanuM nAma semacaMdra rAkhavAmAM AvyuM, paNa temane nAnI uMmare saMskRta, prAkRta graMthane uttama ane UMDo abhyAsa karatAM temanA jJAnathI prabhAvita thaI devacaMdra sUrie temane AcAryapade sthApI temanuM nAma hemacaMdrAcArya rAkhyuM. solaMkI rAjavI siddharAja jayasiMhanI preraNAthI temaNe "siddhahema" nAmanuM uttama vyAkaraNa racyuM hatuM. A uparAMta temaNe "anekArthasaMgraha", "abhidhAna ciMtAmaNi", "dezInAmamAlA", dvayAzraya", "liMgAnuM zAsana", "chaMdAnuzAsana'', "kAvyAnuzAsana', triSaSTi salAkApuruSacaritra" vagere uttama graMthe rahyA che. kumArapAlane gAdI meLavavAmAM hemacaMdrAcArye ghaNuM ja madada karI hatI. teo prakhara jyotiSI hatA. kumArapAla: caulukya rAjavI kumArapAle jainadharmane vikasAvavAmAM agatyane bhAga bhajavya hatA. pote hemacaMdrAcAryanI madadathI caulukya rAjavI banyo hovAthI tene jainadharma pratye anurAga pragaTa hato. teNe jainadharmane rAjyAzraya ApI gujarAtamAM aneka jainamaMdira baMdhAvyAM. teNe hemacaMdrAcAryanA ziSya maMDaLane sAhityanI upAsanAmAM khUba preraNuM ApI. potAnA rAjyamAM amAri (ahiMsA) gheSaNa pravartAvI. teNe potAnA amala daramyAna jaina ane zaiva baMne dharmanA devAlayone chUTe hAthe dAna ApyuM hatuM. vastupAla: vastupAla kavi tathA sAhityakArane AzrayadAtA hato. teNe jainadharmane vikasAvavAmAM noMdhapAtra phALo Apyo che. tene janma pATaNanA eka prAgvATa kuTuMbamAM thayo hato, tenI mAtAnuM nAma kumAradevI tathA pitAnuM nAma azvarAja hatuM. teNe yuvAvasthAmAM dhoLakAnA rANuM varadhavalanA maMtrI tarIke uttama kAmagIrI bajAvI hatI. te pote kavione AzrayadAtA hatA. teNe pote AdinAtha, neminAtha, aMbikA vagerene lagatAM stotro racyAM hatAM. potAnA amala daramyAna vardhamAna, taLAjA, somanAtha, mahuvA, giranAra, Abu, aMbAjI, khaMbhAta, zatruMjaya, pATaNa, darbhAvatI vagere aneka ThekANe jaina

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jainadharma 119 maMdira baMdhAvyAM hatAM. aneka ThekANe jainamaMdirane jIddhAra karAvyo hate. vastupAle baMdhAvela madiremAM giranAra uparanuM mahAtIrthIvatAranuM maMdira (vastupAla vihAra) noMdhapAtra che. tejapAlaH vAghelA rAjavI vIsaladevanA mahAmAtya tejapAle potAnA bhAI vastupAlanI mAphaka Abu, giranAra, dhoLakA, navasArikA, sUrata, bharUca, vaDodarA, DabhoI zatrujaya, karNAvatI, pAvAgaDha, khaMbhAta vagere sthaLoe aneka jaina maMdira baMdhAvyAM temaja vividha sthaLoe aneka jaina maMdire jIrNoddhAra karAvyo hato. tenI dharmabhAvanAnI preraNAdAtA tenI patnI anupamAdevI hatI. tenI preraNAthI teNe potAnA putra luNasiMhanA smaraNArthe Abu upara luNavasahi nAmanuM uttama jaina maMdira baMdhAvyuM. jagaDuzAha : kacchanA dAnavIra jagaDuzAha vize "jagaDucarita" nAmano graMtha racAya che. kacchamAM jainadharmane vikasAvavAmAM temaNe mahatvano bhAga bhajavyo hato. te vikramanI teramI sadImAM uttarArdhamAM thayA. kacchanA bhadezvara tIrtha sAthe temanuM nAma suvarNakSare joDAyeluM che. ahIM jagaDuzAhe mahAvIra svAmInuM eka uttama jaina maMdira baMdhAvyuM. hAlamAM A maMdira kacchanuM agragaNya jaina maMdira gaNAya che. teNe pATaNanA vAghelA rAjavI vIsaladevanA AmaMtraNane mAna ApI pATaNa AvI, pitAnA saMgrahamAMthI dukALane vakhate chUTe hAthe garIbone anAja ApyuM hatuM. hIravijaya sUriH bAdazAha akabaranA darabAramAM jainadharmanA siddhAMto samajAvI mahatvanuM sthAna meLavanAra hIravijayari sau prathama hatA. temano janma saM. 1583 (I.sa. 15ra7) mAM pAlaNapuramAM kaMrA nAmanA savAlane tyAM thayo hato. temanI mAtAnuM nAma nAthIbAI hatuM. saM. 16ra1mAM teo tapAgacchanA nAyaka thayA. teo khaMbhAtamAM AvyA tyAre temanA hAthe saMghavI udayakaraNe caMdraprabhunI pratiSThA karAvI. A pachI hIravijayasUrinI pratibhAnI jANa thatAM bAdazAha akabare temane dilhI maLavA belAvyA. akabaranuM AmaMtraNa svIkArIne page cAlatA cAlatA hIravijayasUri dilhI pahoMcyA. tyAM bAdazAhanA darabAramAM dharmaviSayanI vividha carcA thaI. A carcAthI

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120 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya bAdazAha ghaNo ja khuza thayA. keTalAka samaya tyAM rahI AgrAmAM jaI comAsuM gALyuM. bAdazAha akabare temanA para khuza thaI temanA Adeza pramANe kedIone choDI mUkyA; pAMjarAmAM pUrelA pakSIone choDI mUkyAM ane paryuSaNanA ATha divasa daramyAna hiMsA baMdha karAvI. A pachI bAdazAhe potAnI jAte bIjA cAra divasa umerI bAra divasa samagra rAjyamAM amArivRtta (ahiMsA) jAhera karyuM, A mATe teNe potAnI sahI ane maheravALAM cha pharamAna lakhI ApyAM. hIravijayacarine jagadguru'nuM birUda ApyuM. A pachI bAdazAhe temanI preraNAthI jajiyAvere svecchAe dUra karyo. tyAra bAda bAdazAhe hIravijyanA upadezathI ravivAra, Idane tahevAra, mahorama mahine vagere ghaNuM divaso umerI badhA maLI eka varSamAM cha mAsa cha divasoe kaI jIvanI hiMsA keIpaNa na kare evo hukama kADhayo. hIravijayasUri sAthe bhAnucaMdra ane vijayasenasUrie bAdazAha akabarane prabhAvita karI gujarAtamAM jIvahiMsA thatI aTakAvI hatI. zeTha zAMtidAsa jhaverI - amadAvAdanA nagarazeTha kuTuMbanA mukhya puruSa zeTha zAMtidAsa hatA. teo osavALa jJAtinA hatA. anuzruti pramANe zeTha zAMtidAsane sUratamAM maMtra siddhi thaI hatI. teo bAdazAha akabaranA kuTuMba sAthe ghaniSTha saMbaMdha dharAvatA hatA. zAMtidAsa eka dhArmika sajjana hatA ane sAhasika vepArI paNa hatA. temane mukhya vepAra jhaverAtane hato. temaNe amadAvAdamAM sarasapuramAM ciMtAmaNi prArthanAthanuM eka maMdira baMdhAvyuM hatuM. zAhajAdA auraMgajhebe tene apavitra karI masjidamAM pheravI nAkhyuM. zAMtidAse bAdazAha zAhajahAMne phariyAda karatAM zAhajahAMe keInI milakata chInavI laI temAM majida na thAya ema jaNAvI temane thayela nukasAna bharapAI karIne maMdira pAchuM saMpAvyuM hatuM. A maMdira temaNe pitAnA kuTuMbanA zreyArthe baMdhAvyuM hatuM. A maMdiranI mukhya pratimAne bheMyarA vATe gupta mArge jhaverIvADamAM khaseDI levAmAM AvI hatI. bAdazAha zAhajahAMe I. sa. 162mAM pharamAna dvArA ciMtAmaNi pArtha. nAtha, zatruMjaya, zaMkhezvarajI, kesarIyAjInAM maMdiro temaja amadAvAda, khaMbhAta, sUrata, rAdhanapuranA keTalAka upAzraye zeTha zAMtidAsanI mAlikInA hovAnuM jaNAvI rAjya taraphathI tenuM rakSaNa karavAno Adeza Apyo hato. I. sa. 1656mAM bIja eka pharamAna dvArA zatruMjaya, pAlItANAnAM maMdirane vahIvaTa zAMtidAsane

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121 jenadharma bAdazAhe Apyo hato. bAdazAha auraMgajhebe zAMtidAsane pAlItANAnI InAmI jAgIranI sanada tAjI karI ApIne te vaMzaparaMparAgatanI karI ApI hatI. zAMtidAse amadAvAdamAM jhaverIvADa nAmane latto vasAvyo hato. temanuM I. sa. 1715 mAM mRtyu thayuM. zrImad rAjacaMdraH zrImad rAjacaMdrane janma saurASTramAM Avela vavANiyA gAme saM. 1924 (I. sa. 1867)mAM thayo hato. temanA pitAnuM nAma ravajIbhAI ane mAtAnuM devabAI hatuM. bALapaNathI ja vairAgyavRttivALA hovAthI saMsAramAM rahyAM chatAM temaNe mAtmAnA vikAsa arthe kAma karyA karyuM. nAnI vaye jaina darzanane UMDe abhyAsa karI dharmopadezanuM kArya karavA lAgyA. A mATe temaNe keTalAka uttama graMtha racyA. mahAtmA gAMdhIjI paNa temanA dharma viSenA jJAnathI ghaNuM prabhAvita thayA hatA. temaNe carotaranA naDiyAda, khaMbhAta ane tenI AsapAsanA pradezane potAnuM kAryakSetra banAvyuM. Aje paNa ahIM temane aneka anuyAyI che. temanA Azrame ane maMdire ANaMda, karamasada, rAsa, khaMbhAta (vaDavA) sImaraDA, kaviThA, bhAdaraNa, nAra, suNAva, vaso, IDara, (sAbarakAMThA jillo) vagere sthaLe AvelAM che. zeTha kasturabhAI lAlabhAI gujarAtanA jANItA udyogapati kasturabhAI lAlabhAI jaina samAjanA agragamya kAryakara hatA. temaNe potAnA pitAnI mAphaka jaina samAjanA aneka aTapaTA praznomAM samAjane doravaNI ApI hatI. temaNe jaina zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka saMghanI saMsthA ANaMdajI kalyANajInI peDhIne uttama vahIvaTa karIne aneka jaina tIrtho ane maMdiranI sAcavaNI karI che. temanA adhikAronuM rakSaNa karyuM che. temaNe pAlitANunA ThAkoranA atyAcAra sAme zatru jyanI yAtrAne bahiSkAra karavAne Adeza ApI rAjAnI zAna ThekANe ANI hatI. temaNe tAraMgA, giranAra ane kuMbhAriyAnAM maMdirone jIrNoddhAra karAvyo. bhAratIya saMskRtinA saMzodhana mATe lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI saMskRti vidyAmaMdira sthApyuM. A saMsthAne munizrI puNyavijayajIe 10,000 hastaprato ane 7000 jeTalAM pustakenI bheTa ApI samRddha banAvI che. jainadharmanA tahevAra A dharmamAM jJAnapaMcamI, kAratakI pUrNimA, mauna ekAdazI, paryuSaNa vagere tahevAro UjavAya che.

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122 (1) zrI ki. dha. mazarUvALA. (2) muni nyAyavijayajI. (3) paMDita sukhalAlajI. (4) OMA, raseza jamInadAra. (5) ga. va. AcAya. (6) meA. 6. desAI (7) 2. bhI. joTa. (8) DA. dhIrubhAI ThAkara. (9) OM. je. pI. amIna. (10) pu. cha. zAha ane . phU. zAha. gujarAtanA dhama sapradAya sadabha`gna thA buddha ane mahAvIra. jaina darzana. jainadharma nA prANa kSetrapakAlIna gujarAta, itihAsa ane sa MskRti. gujarAtanA atihAsika lekhA bhA. 2,3 jainadhama nA sakSipta itihAsa, muMbaI (1) gujarAtanuM pATanagara, amadAvAda (2) khaMbhAtanA itihAsa,kha bhAta-1935 paraMparA ane pragati, zrI kasturabhAInu jIvanacaritra, amadAvAda 1980 khaMbhAtanu jainamUrti vidhAna, khaMbhAta, 1982 carAtara sa sa Mgraha-1

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bauddhadharma prAstAvika zramaNa saMpradAyamAM jainadharmanI jema bauddhadharma paNa mahattvanuM sthAna dharAve che. samaya jatAM e bhAratamAMthI lupta thayo, paNa AsapAsanA aneka dezamAM prasaryo. bauddhadharmanA pravartaka gautama buddhane janma himAlayanI taLeTImAM AvelA kapilavastumAM thayA hatA. temanA pitAnuM nAma zuddhodhana ane mAtAnuM nAma mAyAdevI hatuM. temanuM janma nAma siddhArtha hatuM. gautama gotranA hovAthI teo gautama tarIke, oLakhAtA. ane kSatrinI zAkaya zAkhAnA hovAthI teo zAkayasiMha tarIke. oLakhAtA. bALapaNamAM aneka zAstrone abhyAsa karI temaNe yazodharA nAmanI kanyA sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM. tenAthI temane rAhula nAme putra thaye hato. vairAgyanI bhAvanA tIvra banatAM temaNe lagna pachI gRhatyAga karyo. vanamAM gayA pAse jaI kaThora tapa karyuM. aneka varSonI tapazcaryA bAda satya darzana pAmatAM temaNe jagatanA kalyANa mATenuM kArya AraMbhya. svaAnaMdane sarvAnaMdamAM pheravI nAkhavA kaTibaddha thayA. vArANasI pAsenA sAranAthamAMthI temaNe dharmacakra pravartAvyuM, temaNe saraLa bhASAmAM lekamAM upadeza ApavAnI zarUAta karatAM dhIre dhIre temanA anuyAyIonI saMkhyA vadhavA lAgI. temanI vicArasaraNuM bhAratamAM bauddhadharma tarIke pracalita thaI. gautama buddhanA upadezane mukhya sA"e che ke jagata duHkhamaya che. duHkhanuM mULa kAraNa tRSNa che. tRSNAne nAza thatAM duHkha dUra thAya che. tRNAno nAza karavA mATe manuSya Arya aSTAMga mArga apanAvavo joIe. temano upadeza cAra Aryasa ane Arya aSTAMga mArga tarIke oLakhAya che. aSTAMga mArgamAM samyapha daSTi, saMka95, vANI, karma, dhyAna vagereno samAveza thAya che. ahIM AtmA ane paramAtmAnI carcA na karatAM jIvanamAMthI sarva duHkho dUra

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124 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya karavAnA upAya upara bhAra mUkavAmAM Avela che. A saMpradAyamAM zarUAtamAM mUrtipUjAne sthAna na hatuM. paNa zatake bAda anya dharmonI sAme TakI rahevA pAchaLathI mUrtipUjA apanAvavAmAM AvI. A saMpradAyamAM paNa vividha devadevIonI pUjA ane vidhi-vidhAne pracalita che. dhIre dhIre bauddhadharmane rAjyAzraya maLavA lAge. mauryakAlamAM azake bauddhadharmanA pracAramAM mahattvano bhAga bhajavyo hato. tyAra bAda kaniSka harSa vageree tene vikasAvavAmAM noMdhapAtra phALo Apyo. guptakAlamAM bauddhadharmane lagatI aneka suMdara pratimAonuM sarjana thavA lAgyuM. A samaye mUrtikalAnI be zailI astitvamAM AvIH (1) gAMdhAra zailI, (2) mathurA zailI. guptakAlamAM mathurA zailIne suMdara vikAsa thayo. ahIM dhyAnI buddho ane bodhisatvenI aneka suMdara pratimAonuM sarjana thavA lAgyuM. gautama buddhane viSNunA mukhya dazAva tAramAM samAveza thayo. badhi (jAgRti, pUrNajJAna) prApta kare te buddha, buddha be prakAranA manAya che- dhyAnI (daivI) ane mAnuSI, dhyAnI buddha pAMca che. te paikI amitAbha vartamAna yuganA adhiSThAtA che. mAnuSI buddha 28 thayA, te paikI pahelAM cAra vize alpa mAhitI upalabdha che. pachInA ra4 paikI chellA sAta vadhu mahatvanA gaNAyA. temAM zAkya muni (gautama) buddha sahuthI chellA che, bhAvi buddhomAM have pachI maitreya buddha thavA nirmAyA che. dareka buddhane potAnI patnI hoya che tene buddhizakti' kahe che. je bedhi prApta karavA sAdhanA karI rahyA hoya tene bodhisava" kahe che. vartamAna yuganA dhyAna buddha amitAbhanA bedhisatva padmapANi avalaMkitezvara che. jagatanI dekharekha rAkhe che. maitreya ane maMjuzrI anya lokapriya bodhisatve che. bauddha devIomAM "tArA' mahattvanI manAya che. yAnI buddhomAMthI aneka badhisa ane tArAone uddabhava thaze che. vaLI, bIjA paNa aneka devo boddhadharmamAMthI khAsa karIne ene utarakAlIna svarUpamAM prAdurbhAva pAmyA hoya tema jaNAya che. bauddhadharmanA mukhya be saMpradAya che-rUDhicusta matanA theravADI kahevAtA ne sudhAraka mata "mahAsaMdhika". AgaLa jatAM mahAsaMdhika theravAdIone hInayAna ane potAnA matane mahAyAna (moTe mArga) kahevA lAgyA. A be yAnamAM AgaLa jatAM 18 nikAya paDayA. bauddha darzanomAM cAra bhinna darzana vikasyAM. sautrAtika ane vaibhASika tathA mAdhyamika ane megyacAra. gujarAtamAM bauddhadharmane prasAraH gujarAtamAM paNa dhIre dhIre bauddhadharma vyApaka pramANamAM vistaryo.

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bauddhadharma 125. mauryakAlamAM azoke bauddhadharmamAMthI preraNuM meLavI. teNe prajAnA kalyANa mATe keTalAka zilAlekho kotarAvyA. tenI eka nakala giranAranI taLeTI pAse AvelI eka zilA upara najare paDe che. kSetrapAlamAM bauddhadharma gujarAtanA moTA bhAgamAM vistaryo. saurASTranA jUnAgaDha, khaMbhAliDA, beriyA, taLAjA vagere aneka sthaLoethI bauddha vihAra ane guphAo maLI Avela che. sAbarakAMThA jillAnA zAmaLAjI pAsenA devanI morI. nAmanA sthaLethI kSatrapakAlIna vizALa ITarI stUpa ane vihAra maLI AvyAM. hatAM. jUnAgaDha pAse iMTavAnA khodakAmamAM "rudrasena vihAra" maLI Avyo che. prAcIna bauddha sAhityamAM bharukaccha ane se pAraka(sopArA muMbaI pAse)ne. vAraMvAra ullekha Ave che. A jotAM A sthaLe bauddhadharmanAM kendro hoya tema jaNAya che. gujarAtamAM bauddhadharmanI noMdha letAM cInI yAtrI yuAna zuAMga jaNAve che ke, "bharUcamAM bauddha saMdhArAmo che, jemAM traNa hajAra mahAyAnanA anuyAyIo abhyAsa kare che. te badhA sthavira saMpradAyanA che. tevI ja rIte kacchamAM paNa dasa vihAra hovAnuM jaNuvyuM che. tyAM eka hajAra bauddha saMte abhyAsa karatA hatA. AnaMdapura(hAlanuM vaDanagara)mAM dasa saMdhArAmo hatA. saurASTramAM pacAsa vihAra hatA. valabhImAM bauddhadharma vadhAre pracalita hatA. agAu ahIM bauddha AcAryo sthiramati ane guNamatie valabhI pAsenA vihAramAM rahI potAnA prasiddha graMthanI racanA karI hatI. chaThThI sadImAM gujarAtanA vatanI dharmagupta kane ja jaI bauddhadharmanuM zikSaNa laI madhya eziyA thaI. cInamAM jaI aneka bauddha graMthane cInI bhASAmAM anuvAda karyo hato. maitrakonA tAmrapatromAM bauddha vihArone dAna ApyAnA ullekha che. valabhImAM daddAvihAra, buddhadAsavihAra, bapapAdIyavihAra, kakkavihAra, gehakavihAra, vimalaguptavihAra, bhaTArkavihAra, yazazaravihAra, ativihAra, zilAditya vihAra vagere baMdhAyA hatA. tenAM be maMDala hatAM. bhikSuvihAranuM dadAvihAra maMDala ane bhikSuNI viMhAranuM cakSazara vihAra maMDalaA sarva vihArone maitraka rAjavIo taraphathI avAranavAra dAna maLatAM valabhI e bauddhavidyAnuM kendra hatuM. valabhImAMthI keTalIka bauddha pratimAo maLI AvI che. TUMkamAM maitrakakAla gujarAta-saurASTramAM pramANamAM vistaryo hato. anumaitrakakALa daramyAna gujarAtamAMthI bauddhadharma dhIre dhIre lupta thavA lAgyo. bhAratanA anya pradezanI jema ahIM paNa jaina dharmane rAjyAzraya maLatAM bauddhadharmane maraNatola phaTako paDyo temAM vadhI paDelAM tAMtrika tave tenA vihAra

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126 gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya ane tIrthone pravRtti vagaranAM banAvyAM. dhIre dhIre bauddha sAdhuo nepALa ane tibeTanA pradezamAM cAlyA gayA. mahesANA jillAmAM tAraMgA nAme oLakhAtI TekarI upara eka dhAraNa mAtA nAme oLakhAtA maMdiramAM "varadatArA" ane keTalIka anya bauddha pratimAo AvelI che. e sivAya A samayanA koI anya avazeSa maLatA nathI. A samaya pachI gujarAtamAM bauddhadharma pracAramAM hovAnA kaI purAvA maLatA nathI. tAjetaramAM zrI AMbeDakaranI preraNAthI gujarAtamAM emanA anuyAyIoe bauddhadharma aMgIkAra karavA mAMDe che. teonI saMkhyA uttarottara vadhatI jAya che. jo ke haju sudhI gujarAtamAM keI navuM bauddha caitya baMdhAyuM nathI. gujarAtanuM bauddha sthApatya : gujarAtamAM bauddha dharmano pracAra I. sa. pUrvethI zarU karIne navamA dasamA saikA sudhI hatA. A samaya daramyAna baMdhAyela stUpa, vihAra, guphAo vagerenA avazeSo gujarAtanAM vividha sthaLoethI maLI Ave che. stUpo H bauddhadharmamAM triratna-buddha, dharma ane saMghanuM mahatva vizeSa hatuM. AthI prAcInakAlamAM buddha ke temanA neMdhapAtra anuyAyIonA avazeSo(vALa, dAMta, asthi vagere)ne sAcavI rAkhavA smArake racAtAM. AvA smArake stUpa tarIke oLakhAtAM. AvA stUpanI racanA aMDAkAra ghATanI hatI. temAM ITonuM ke paththaranuM caNatara karavAmAM AvatuM. temAM AgAzIo, chatrI, pradakSiNu mArga, vagerenI racanA karela che. temAM avazeSone peTImAM mUkI lekha sAthe dATavAmAM AvatA. pAlI bhASAmAM stUpane "thappA" kahe che. brahmadezamAM stUpane pegoDA kahe che ane silonamAM "dAbhagA" kahe che. AvAM smArakesta gujarAtamAMthI beriyA ane devanI morI AgaLathI maLI AvyA che. beriyAno stUpa : giranAranA jaMgalamAM beriyA nAmanA sthaLethI eka astavyasta tUpanA keTalAka avazeSo maLI AvyA che. stUpanuM bAMdhakAma pAkI iMTenuM che. tenI AsapAsa ArasanI suMdara paTTikAo hatI. vedikA ane mathALAnuM chatra paththaranAM hatAM. stUpanA madhyabhAgamAMthI eka mATInuM asthipAtra maLI AvyuM che A pAtramAM paththarane dAbaDe hato. ane temAM anukrame nAnA kadanA tAMbAnA, cAMdInA ane sonAnA dAbaDA hatA chellA dAbaDAmAM AMgaLInA nakha jevaDA asthi

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bauddhadharma 127 sAcavI rAkhavAmAM Avela hatA. A avazeSo jUnAgaDhanA myujhiyamamAM sAcavI rAkhavAmAM Avela che. stUpamAMthI pratimA zilpa ke kaI lekha vagere maLela na hovAthI te kayA samayane che te nakkI thaI zakyuM nathI. paraMtu sAmAnya rIte te kSatrapakAlIna hovAnI mAnyatA che. ahIMthI maLatI iMTanuM mApa 18, 12 ane 8 IMcanuM hatuM. beriyAnA stUpa pAsethI eka bIje stUpa maLI Avela che. jene sthAnika leke "baDI lakhAmeDI" nAme oLakhe che. enI bAjumAM vihAranA avazeSo hoya tema jaNAya che. devanI merIne stUpa : sAbarakAMThA jillAnA bhiloDA tAlukAnA tIrthadhAma zAmaLAjI najIka Avela devanI morI nAmanA sthaLethI khodakAma karatAM maLI Avela stUpa gujarAtane eka noMdhapAtra stUpa manAya che. A sthaLe gujarAtanI mahArAjA sayAjIrAva yunivarsiTI taraphathI khedakAma karAtAM A stUpa maLI Avela che. hAlamAM A tUpa mezvo nadI para baMdhAyela zyAma sarovaramAM DUbI gayela che, paNa temAMthI maLelA avazeSo ma. sa. yunivarsiTInA myujhiyamamAM sacavAyela che. - sAbarakAMThA jillAmAM devanI morI AgaLane A sthaLane sthAnika leke "bhejarAjanA TekarA" tarIke oLakhatA. khodakAma karatAM maLela eka vizALa stUpane uparano tathA bahAranA bhAga tUTI gayela hato. bAkInA avazeSamAM khaMDanI aMdara cheka eka corasa pIThikA ane tenI upara bIjI cerasa pIThikA hatI ane enI uparano bhAga geLArdha aMDAkAra hato. nIcalI pIThikA 86 486 phUTanI ane 8 phUTa UMcI hatI. dIvAlamAM bArabAra thAMbhalAo hatA. A thAMbhalAo dvArA dIvAlanuM rakSaNa thatuM. stUpamAM vividhatA sajatI hatI. uparanA bhAgamAM ToDalAnI saLaMga paTTI hatI. tenA upara suMdara pAMdaDAvALI vela karela hatI.. tUpanI pIThikAne pharatI jagyA pradakSiNA mArga mATe hoya tema lAgatuM hatuM. dareka bAjunI dIvAlamAM AvelA gokhalAomAM bhagavAna buddhanI sAthe dhyAnI buddhonI pratimAo hatI. A pratimAo pakavelI mATInI ane be phUTa jeTalI UMcI hatI. eka zilpa padmAsana para yogAsanamAM bIrAjela dhyAnI buddhinuM hatuM. gokhanI vaccenA bhAgamAM terA (kamAna) hatAM. stUpanI aMdaranI racanA barAbara jaLavAI rahI hatI. aMDanI aMdaranA bhAgamAM buddhanI eka pUrvAbhimukha pratimA AvelI hatI. enI nIce mATInA asthipAtramAM paththarane dAbaDo hato.

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128 gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya A dAbaDAnI bAju upara temaja taLiyAmAM saMskRtamAM eka lekha katarelo hato. A lekha parathI jANavA maLe che ke A stUpa rAjA rudrasena 1lAnA rAjyakAla daramyAna (zaka) varSa 127 (I. sa. 205)mAM agnivarmA ane sudarzana nAme be bauddha bhikSuoe baMdhAvyA hatA. paththaranA dAbaDAmAM buddhanA dehAvazeSa padharAvelA hatA. dAbaDAnA DhAMkaNAnI aMdara-tripiTakamAMnuM brAhmI lipimAM sUtra ketareluM hatuM. paththaranA dAbaDAnI aMdara tAMbAnI dAbaDI, dhAtunA TUkaDA ane eka maNake mUkelo hato. tAMbAnI dAbaDImAM dhAtunI zIzI ghATanI nAnI dAbaDI, kapaDAMnI be nAnI thelIo, lAkaDAnA kaTakA vagere avazeSo hatA. nAnI dAbaDImAM je kALo bhUke hato te bhagavAna buddhanI citAnA caMdananA avazeSa hoya tema lAge che. stUpanI uttare bAMdhela dIvAla nadInA pANIthI rakSaNa meLavavA mATe hoya tema jaNAya che. stUpanI bAjumAM cAra nAnA stUpa hatA. te mAnatA mATe bAMdhelA pratIkarUpa stUpa hevAnuM jaNAya che. devanI morInA stUpa jevI racanA bhAratamAM anya keI ThekANe jovA maLatI nathI. caityagRhe : tya samUha mATenuM upAsanA-maMdira che. caityanuM pravezadvAra viziSTa ghATanuM hoya che. enuM pravezadvAra TocathI pIpaLAnA pAna jevA AkAranuM khUba suMdara rIte kotareluM hoya che. enI kamAnanI nIce staMbhonI hAra hoya che, ne kAcabAnI pIThanI mAphaka eka cheDethI vaLAMkavALuM hoya che. madhyanA maMDapanI sanmukha pravezadvAra hoya che. mukhya pravezadvAra upara moTA gavAkSonI racanA karelI hoya che. te caityagavAkSa tarIke oLakhAya che. caityagRhomAM bhagavAna buddhanAM darzana ane pUjana ane upAsanA karI zakAtAM. gujarAtamAMthI maLelAM mAM bAvApyArA, taLAjA, sANa, khaMbhAlIDA, ane dhIMgezvaranA rau noMdhapAtra che. bAvAyArAnuM tyagRha : A maityagRha jUnAgaDhamAM Avela bAvAyArAnI guphAmAM Avela che. caityanI guphAnI dIvAla ardhavartuLAkAra che. tenuM pravezadvAra lagabhaga 1.5 mITara pahoLuM heya tema lAge che. taLAjAnuM caityagRha ? bhAvanagara jillAmAM taLAjAnI gAmanI pazcime gautya guphAone eka samUha Avelo che. caityaguphAmAM teNe ane pIThikA jaLavAI rahela che. (juo ci.naM. 18)

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bauddhadharma 129 sANAnuM caityagRha : jUnAgaDha jillAnA unA tAlukAmAM vAhiyA gAma pAse AvelI sANAnI TekarI para lagabhaga 62 guphAo AvelI che. bhImacArInI bAjumAM Avela caitya guphA 5.5 mITara lAMbI ane 4 mITara pahoLI ane 4 mITara UMcI che. A caityanI pAchaLanI dIvAla viziSTa rIte baMdhAyela che. khaMbhAlIDAnuM zaityagRha ? A caityagRha saurASTramAM khaMbhAlIDA pAse bhAdara nadInA kinAre Avela che. caitya guphAnA mukhya dvAra AgaLa, purA kadanI padmapANi avalokitezvara tathA vajapANi nAmanA bodhisatvonI pratimAo Avela che. dhIgezvaranuM rautyagRha : baraDA DuMgaramAM bhANavaDa pAse Avela rANapara gAma najIka eka caitya ane eka nAnI guphA Avela che. te dhIMgezvaranA pautyagRha tarIke oLakhAya che. ahIMnA leke rautyanA stUpane dhIMgezvaranA ziva tarIke pUje che. A uparAMta gujarAtamAM saurASTramAM DhAMka, jhIMjhuTI, maMdira, jetalaDa vageremAM AvelI guphAo, tathA kacchanI khAparA koDiyAnI guphAo vagere gujarAtamAM noMdhapAtra che. vihAre ? bauddha bhikSaonA nivAsa mATenI imAratane vihAra kahevAmAM Ave che. sAmAnya rIte vihAramAM madhyamAM eka rAkhavAmAM Ave che. cekanI cAre bAju kuTIranI racanA karavAmAM AvatI. AvA vihAre stUponI AsapAsa bAMdhavAmAM AvatA. guphAo pAsenA vihAramAM khulle coka jovA maLato nathI. AvA vihAro gujarAtamAM taLAjA, sANA, beriyA, ITavA, khaMbhAlIDA, devanI morI vagere sthaLe AvelA che. AmAM DuMgara uparanA temaja medAnamAM AvelA vihArone samAveza thAya che. A sarvemAM devanI merIne vihAra noMdhapAtra che. devanI merIne vihAra : A ITeDI vihAra zAmaLAjI pAsenA devanI morI gAmethI atyaMta khaMDita avasthAmAM maLI Avyo hato. 46 4 49 mITarane vihAra hato. cAkanI bAjumAM gu. 9

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gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya ATha ATha oraDIo AvelI hatI. A vihAranuM pravezadvAra uttara taraphanuM hatuM. cokamAM pAkI IMTonI pharasabaMdhI hatI. dIvAlo moTI IMTanI bAMdhelI hatI. enI upara laMbacorasa naLiyAMnuM eka DhALiyuM-chAparuM hatuM. pAchalI haroLanA vacalA khaMDamAM paththaranI pharasabaMdhIvALuM bhoMyataLiyuM hatuM. vihAranI naiRtyanA khUNe mArI hatI. vihAranA bAMdhakAmamAM vaparAyelA- lAkaDAne kATamALa saMpUrNapaNe nAza pAme hatA. paNa tenA keTalAka avazeSamAM lekhaMDa vaparAyela jovA maLe che. khaMDa judA judA kadanA hatA. devanI merInA A vihAranI pUrvamAM eka nAnA vihAranA avazeSa jovA maLe che. gujarAtamAMthI maLatI bauddha pratimAo : gujarAtamAMthI maLatI bauddha pratimAomAM dhyAna buddho, bedhisa, temaja bauddha devadevIone samAveza thAya che. dhyAnI buddha : bauddhadharmamAM mAnyatA che ke jagatanuM A sarjana Adi buddha ane Adi prajJA(prajJA pAramitA)mAMthI thayuM che. emAMthI pAMca dhAnI buddho (1) vairocana, (2) abhya, (3) ratnasaMbhava, (4) amitAbha, ane (5) amodha siddhine udabhava thayA. A dhyAnI buddho anukrame dharmacakra, bhUsparza, varada, samAdhi ane abhayamudrAmAM darzAvAya che. temanuM vAhana anukrame nAga, gaja, siMha, mayara ane garuDa che. gujarAtamAMthI upalabdha vihAre ane stUpomAMthI maLatI bauddha pratimAomAMthI keTalIka pratimAo judA judA dhyAna buddhonI hoya tema jaNAya che. gAMdhIsmRti bhAvanagaramAM buddhanI eka nAnI pratimA che. A pratimA nAnA maityagRhamAM padharAvI zakAya athavA musApharImAM sAthe rAkhI zakAya evI che. A pratimA abhya dhyAna buddhanI ane maitrakakAlIna hevAnuM manAya che. anya yAnI buddhanI eka pratimA dhaMdhAmAMthI maLI AvI che. pratimAne jamaNe hAtha jamaNa pagamAM DhIcaNa upara bhUmisparza mudrAmAM Avela che. aMga upara uttarIya che. De. yu.pI. zAha A pratimAne AThamA saikAnI mAne che. khaMbhAta pAsenA nagarA gAmethI eka buddhanI pASANa pratimAM maLI Avela che. A pratimAmAM buddhane ardhapadmAsanamAM beThelA batAvela che. pratimA khaMDita che. A pratimAne che. 2. nA. mahetA vairocana dhyAnI buddhanI ane De. kAMtilAla semapurA ratnasaMbhava dhyAnI buhanI hevAnuM mAne che.

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bauddhadha 131 uttara gujarAtanA mahesANAthI IzAne Avela tAraMgA nAmanI TekarI upara Avela tAraNamAtAnA maMdiramAM buddhanI nava pratimAeAne samUha Avele che. A dhAraNamAtAnA ma Mdira nAme eLakhAtA maMdiramAM, amitAbha dhyAnI khuddhanI eka pratimA Avela che. nIce meranuM vAhana dekhAya che. tenI DAkhI bAjue maitreya ane avaleAteizvaranI pratimAe AvelI che. avale ikatezvara : A kheAdhisatva audu saMpradAyamAM bahu jANItuM che, zarIre alaMkArA dhAraNa karela che. eka hAtha varada mudrAmAM che. avaleAkitezvaranI eka pratimA tAraMgA upara dhAraNa mAtAnA maMdiramAM AvelI che. tArA H bauddha devadevIomAM tArAnuM sthAna dhaNuM ja mahattvanuM manAya che. tenAM aneka svarUpe che. enA jamaNA hAtha varadamudrAmAM hoya che. gujarAtamAMthI tArAnI eka-be mUrti maLI che. temAMnI eka tAraMgA parvata upara Avela dhAraNamAtAnA madiramAM Avela khIjI eka 1.2 mITaranI pratimA A ma MdiranI bAjumAM Avela eka nAnI derImAM AvelI che. pratimA sapheda ArasanI che. vIramagAmanA eka devama MdiramAMthI tArAnI eka pratimA maLI che. temAM devI lalitAsanamAM beThela che. catu bhuja che. prabhA maMDaLa che. mukuTa upara akSAbhya dhyAnI khuddhane dhAraNa karela che. ekajayA : A vinAzanI devI tarIke manAya che. A devInI eka pratimA tAraMgAnA dhAraNamAtAnA madiramAM AvelI che. azeAkAntA mAricI : A devInuM vAhana deDakA che. A devInI pratimA tAraMgA parvata upara dhAraNamAtAnA maMdiramAM AvelI che. mahAmAyUrI : A devInI pratimA tAraMgA uparanA dhAraNamAtAnA maMdiramAM AvelI che. tenA jamaNA hAthamAM meArapIcha ane DAkhA hAtha varadamudrAmAM che. mAthA upara ameAdhasiddhi dhyAnI khuddhane dhAraNa karela che. --

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132 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya jAgulI : A be mukhavALI devI che. A saMpradAyamAM sarpadaMzamAMthI mukta thavA mATe A devInI upAsanA karavAmAM AvatI hatI. tAraMgA parvatanA dhAraNamAtAnI pIThikAmAM A devInI eka pratimA AvelI che. A uparAMta bauddha saMpradAyamAM hiMdudharmanAM keTalAMka devadevIo jevAM ke gaNapati tathA sarasvatIne samAveza karela che. hiMdudharmanA deva viSNu, ziva, lakSmI, pArvatI vagerene ahIM UtaratI kakSAnAM darzAvela che. saMdarbha graMtho (1) Do. kA. pU. semapurA bhAratIya sthApatya ane zilpa (2) Do. u. pra. zAha gujarAtamAM bauddhadharma, svAdhyAya pra.1, aM. 3, me 1964 (3) che. 2. che. parIkha ane gujarAtane rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika pro. ha. gaM. zAstrI (saMpAdake) itihAsa graMtha 2, 3 () Dr. K. F. Sompura Buddhist Monuments and Sculp tiures in Gujarat, A Historical Survey (5) DaoN. navInacaMdra AcArya (1) gujarAtamAM maLatI dhyAnI buddhonI pratimAo-lekha, pathika-jAnyu. 1972 (2) bauddha murtividhAna (6) ka. bhA. dave gujarAtanuM mUrtividhAna

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jarathostI gharma IrAnamAM ArabonA trAsathI pitAne dharma sAcavavA keTalAka jarathostIo pitAne deza choDIne, sthAyI vasavATa zodhatA bhArata AvavA nIkaLyA. anuzruti pramANe jANavA maLe che ke, jarathostIo IrAna cheDIne hiMda AvavA nIkaLyA tyAre temane dariyAmAM bhayaMkara tophAna naDayuM. teo DUbI javAnI taiyArIomAM hatA, tyAre vahANa uparanA bujhargoe ane pavitra agnine lagatuM kAma karanArAoe mAnatA mAnI ke je A muzkelInA vakhatamAM baherAma Ijada pharisto madada kare to hiMdanI jamIna upara Utarata tenI yAdamAM eka Ataza baherAma bAMdhIzuM. thoDA samaya pachI tophAna zamI gayuM. teo hiMdamAM AvI pahoMcyA. tarata ja temaNe pharistAnA nAma uparathI Ataza baherAmanI sthApanA karI. pArasa (IrAna) dezathI AvelA A ja rastIo ahIM "pArasI" nAme oLakhAyA. jarathostIo pazcima hiMdanA dIva" baMdare utaryA ane tyAM 19 varSa rahyA. tyArabAda tyAMthI dakSiNa gujarAtanA saMjANa baMdare (ji. valasADa) utaryA hatA. tyAM AvI tyAMnA rAjA jAdI rANu pAse temaNe potAnA rAjyamAM vasavA devAnI rajA mAgI. AthI nAdIrANAe temanI pAse dUdhane pyAlo ane sAkara mokalyAM. jarathostI dharmanA vaDAe dUdhamAM sAkara nAkhI. dUdhamAM sAkaranI jema bhaLI javAnI khAtarI ApI. pariNAme teoe A sthaLe kAyamI vasavATa karyo. A banAva vi.saM. 772 (I.sa. 716)mAM banyo hevAnuM keTalAka samaya pahelAM manAtuM, paNa have saMzodhanane aMte e kharekhara vi. saM. 992 (I.sa. 936)mAM baje hevAnuM manAya che. jAkIrANuM e sAmAnyataH zilAhAra vaMzane rAjA vajajaDa hevAnuM mAnavAmAM Ave che. paraMtu saMjANanA eka maThane apAyelAM dAna aMgenAM dAnazAsane parathI tAjetaramAM jANavA maLyuM che ke kRSNa 2 jA nA samaya (I. sa. 890-914)thI kRSNa 3 jAnA samaya (I.sa. 939-968) sudhI tyAM rASTrakUTanuM Adhipatya pravartatuM hatuM. ane e daramiyAna saMjANumaMDala upara zarUAtamAM

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134 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya tajika (Araba) mAMDalikanuM ane pachI yAdava mAMDalikenuM zAsana rahetuM hatuM. A anusAra I. sa. 936mAM jarathostIone saMjANamAM vasavAnI chUTa ApanAra jAdhIrANo te tyAMne yAdava (jAdava) mAMDalika hevA saMbhave che. zilAhAranuM Adhipatya to I.sa. 1000nA arasAmAM pasavuM lAge che. saMjANamAM vasatA jarathostIo AgaLa jatAM gujarAtamAM anyatra vistaryA. Aje dakSiNa gujarAtamAM jarathostI dharmanAM noMdhapAtra kendro AvelAM che. A prajA kharekhara dUdhamAM sAkaranI jema gujarAta nI prajA sAthe bhaLI gaI che. teoe A pradezanI gujarAtI bhASA, poSAka apanAvyAM che. temaNe gujarAtanA keLavaNI, vepAra vagere vividha kSetre noMdhapAtra phALo Ape che. pArasIo ghaNuM milanasAra ane zAMtipriya che. muMbaIne vikasAvavAmAM pArasIone phALe ghaNo ja noMdhapAtra manAya che. prasAra : dhIre dhIre pArasIo saMjANathI AgaLa vadhIne navasArI, valasADa, udavADA, sUrata, aMkalezvara, bharUca, khaMbhAta ane saurASTranA cheka vAMkAnera sudhI vistaryA. teo jyAM jyAM vasyA tyAM tyAM temane dharma sAcavavA dhArmika sthaLe UbhAM karyA. AthI dareka sthaLe temanA dharmaguruo sthAyI vasavATa karavA lAgyA. sarva ThekANe agiyArI ane AtazanI sthApanA thaI. samaya jatAM dharmane sAcavavA mATe dharmaguruoe dhArmika kriyAo mATe I. sa. 1290nI AsapAsamAM judA judA vistAre vaheMcI lIdhA. A vistAre nIce pramANe hatA ? (1) saMjANunA dharmaguruo mATe netrAthI pAra nadI vacceno vistAra (2) navasArInA dharmaguruo mATe vairava nadI ane tApI nadI najIka sudhI vistAra (3) godAvarA dharmaguruo mATe varava nadIne narmadA taTanA aMkalezvara sudhIne vistAra (4) bharucanA dharmaguruo mATe narmadAthI khaMbhAta sudhI vistAra (5) khaMbhAtanA dharmaguruo mATe khaMbhAtanI AsapAsanA vistAra jarathostI dharmanuM svarUpa jarathostI dharmane mULa prasAraka aSo jarathuSTra kahevAya che. A dharmanA anuyAyIo ekezvaravAda, agni pUjA vageremAM mAne che. teo mUrtipUjAmAM mAnatA nathI. teo dharmamAM khUba zraddhA dharAve che. temanA dharmapustakanuM nAma "avestA che.

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ja cAstI dha 131 aneka pArasIe "gAthAnA divase"mAM A graMthanuM pArAyaNa kare che. varSoMnA chellA pAMca divaseA gAthAnA divaseA tarIke jANItA che. temAMnA dareka divasa mATe gAthAnuM saMkalana thayuM che. A dharmAMmAM svacchatA, dAna ane gAyanuM vizeSa mahattva che. tahevAranA divaseAmAM garIkhAte anna ane vastradAna karavAmAM tee puNya mAne che. keTalAka agiyArImAM vAsaNAnu dAna Ape che. pArasIo mUrti pUjaka na heAvAthI emanI agiyArIe dhaNI sAdI hoya che. agiyArI (agna+AgArikA) eTale pavitra (agni) Ataza rAkhavAnuM sthAnajarathAstI dharmamAM agnine pApa sAme laDanAra daiva tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. AthI tee agninI pavitratA khUba jALave che tee agiyArInA agnine kAI apavitra karI na jAya tenI khAsa kALajI rAkhe che. ahIM dharmagurune "mekheda" tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. jaratheAstIe dareka dhArmika vidhi meAbheda mAraphate karAve che. meAkheda vadhAre pavitra kAryo karIne dastUra bane che. C jarathAstIe gAyane pavitra mAne che. temAM saMpUrNa sapheda AkhalAnu vizeSa mahattva che. dareka gharamAM gaumUtra sAcavavAmAM Ave che. tee rAja savAre UDIne gaumUtra kapALe ane zarIranA anya bhAgoe lagADe che. gaumUtra lagADatI vakhate "zikasta zikasta setAna' (setAna huM taneya rAjya Apu chu) ema meAle che. jamInane sparza karI vaMdana kare che. kastIne cheDakhAMdha karI rAtre AvelA kharAba vicArA mATe pastAvA karIne tevAM AsurI tattvA sAme jhajhumavAnI tAkAta ApavA prAnA kare che. A pachI dharmAMcusta pArasIe peAtAnI anya dainika kriyAo kare che. A dharmamAM dareka divasa kaIne kaI daiva sAthe saMkaLAyela che tethI zubhakA mATe mu jovAnu` keAI mahattva ahIM nathI. jaratheAstIe spaSTapaNe mAne che ke dharma mAnavInA kalyANa mATe hevA joIe. AthI A dhama mAM sArAM karmInuM mahattva vizeSa che. apariNIta rahevuM, tene tee pApa mAne che. saMnyAsInI mAphaka ekalA ja meAkSanA adhikArI banavuM, tenA karatAM samagra mAnavajAtane meAkSanI adhikArINI banAvavA prayatnazIla banavuM tene vadhAre mahattvanuM mAne che. sAmAjika ritarivAjo : ahIM samAjamAM dIkarA-dIkarInu sarakhu mahattva hovAthI bALakanA janma AnadadAyaka manAya che. navajAta bALakanI AbhaDacheTa rAkhavAmAM Ave che.

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136 gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya prasUtAne aDakanAra snAna karIne anya kArya kare che. nAmakaraNa vidhi AnaMdathI UjavAya che. jema brAhmaNomAM upanayana saMskAranuM mahattva che, tema A dharmamAM "kastI". nuM mahatva che. kastI devAnA vidhine "navata" kahevAmAM Ave che. A vidhi bAda bALaka pArasI bane che ema manAya che. ahIM strI-puruSa baMnene kastI dhAraNuM karavAno adhikAra che. jemAM brAhmaNo khabhe jaI pahere che tema pArasIo keDe kastI bAMdhe che. kastI sapheda gheTAnA Unane hAthe kAMtIne tira tAra gUMthIne banAvavAmAM Ave che. kastInA be cheDA mAnavIne svarga ane pRthvInI sAthe joDanAra manAya che. keDe traNa AMTA mArI kastI bAMdhavAmAM Ave che. A traNa AMTA manasbI, gayagnI, kunabbI (suvicAra, suvANuM, ane sukarma)nA pratIka che. kastI dhAraNa karanAra sapheda sadare dhAraNa kare che. brAhmaNomAM yajJApavita ApatI vakhate jema bALakane mekhalA ane kaupIna dhAraNa karAvavAmAM Ave che tema ahIM sapheda sadare paherAvavAmAM Ave che. lagno mAtApitAnI saMmatithI goThavAya che. sagAI nakakI thayA pachI varapakSa ane kanyApakSa taraphathI dAgInAnI Apale vidhi thAya che. kanyApakSanA mANaso jyAre sagAI mATe Ave tyAre temane phUla ke cokhAthI vadhAvavAmAM Ave che. kanyApakSa taraphathI hAra paherAvIne vIMTI ApavAmAM Ave che. lagnanA divase pIThI caLavI, kanyAdAna, kanyA vidAya vagere vidhi hiMduo jevI hoya che. chUTAcheDA mATe ApaNu jJAti paMca jevI adAlate heAya che. adAlatane pratIti thAya ke pati-patnI traNa varSathI ekabIjAne maLyA nathI to temane chUTAcheDAnI chUTa Ape che. chUTAcheDAthI sAmAjika pratiSThA ghaTe che evI khoTI mAnyatA ahIM pracalita nathI. ahIM vidhavA lagna sahaja rIte thAya che. AMtarajAtIya lagna tarapha pArasIo ghaNI ja napharata dharAve che. chatAM AvuM lagna karanArane keI aTakAvatuM nathI. anya jAtionI vyaktio A samAjanA anya tahevAromAM bhAga laI zake che, paNa tene pArasI agiyArImAM praveza maLatuM nathI. pArasI paMcAyatonA dharmAdA phaMDane lAbha maLato nathI. mAnavInA mRtyu samaye dIvo pragaTAvavAmAM Ave che e pachI sukhaDa ke lebAnane dhUpa karavAmAM Ave che. mobedane prArthanA mATe lAvavAmAM Ave che. maranAra ahUramajhaddanI kRpA pAme evI prArthanA karavAmAM Ave che. maranAranA zarIrane jIva hoya tyAre bhInA vastrathI sApha karavAmAM Ave che. mRtyu bAda mRtadehane pANI aDADavuM, tene pApa mAnavAmAM Ave che. tyAra pachI maranArane nIce utArI,

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jarAstA dharma 137 uttara bAjue mAthuM rAkhI suvADavAmAM Ave che. tyAra pachI tenA para gaumUtra chAMTavAmAM Ave che. pachI navAM vastra dhAraNa karAvI zabavAhinImAM mUkIne dekhamAmAM laI javAmAM Ave che. pArasI agni, pRthvI ane pANIne pavitra mAne che tethI zabane bALatA, dATatA ke pANImAM padharAvatA nathI, paNa maranAranA zabane dakhamAmAM mUkI pakSIone havAle kare che. jarathostI dharmano gujarAtamAM prasAra: anu-maitraka kALa daramiyAna saMjANamAM sthira thayelA jarastIoe dhIre dhIre gujarAtamAM anya sthaLoe vasavATa karyo. 18mI-11mI sadImAM muMbaI pAsethI kaherI guphAomAM jarathostIonAM nAma kotarAyelAM jovA maLe che. siddharAja jayasiMhanA samayamAM khaMbhAtamAM agni pUjakonI vastI hatI. aMkalezvaramAM pArasIonA dharmagraMtha visparadanI nakala karavAmAM AvI hatI. e parathI jANavA maLe che ke, 13mA saikAmAM aMkalezvaramAM pArasIo vasatA hatA. I. sa. 1309mAM zeTha pestanajIe bharUcamAM dekhamuM baMdhAvyuM hatuM. caudamA saikAmAM Avela ITAliyana musAphira eDarika noMdhe che ke, thANuM ane cekala-calanA paragaNAmAM pArasIo zabane khetaramAM khullA mukIne pakSIonI madada vaDe ene nikAla karAvatA. A uparathI spaSTa thAya che ke thANuM ane ceulanA pradezamAM pArasIo vasatA hatA. samaya jatAM thANAmAM vasatA pArasIo upara khristI dharma svIkAravAnuM dabANa AvatAM teo yuktipUrvaka thANAnI bahAra nIkaLI gayA hatA. caudamA saikAmAM dhIre dhIre saMjANamAM pArasIonI vastI vadhatAM teo bIje sthaLe vasavA lAgyA. dhArmika vidhio karAvavA mATe dharmaguruo paNa sAthe gayA. A samaye dharmaguruo vacce matabheda na paDe te mATe saMkhyAne dhyAnamAM rAkhI pArasIonA saMjANa, godAvarI, bharUca ane khaMbhAta ema pAMca paMthaka nakkI karavAmAM AvyA hatA. A badhe vakhata pArasIonuM mukhya mathaka saMjANa rahyuM hatuM, paNa saMjANa upara muslimonuM AkramaNa thatAM teone sthaLAMtara karavAnI pharaja paDI. pavitra Atazane navasArI lAvavAmAM Avyo. A pavitra Ataza kyAre navasArImAM AvyuM te vize vidvAnomAM matabheda che, paNa zrI karAkAnA mata mujaba A pavitra Ataza I. sa. 1419mAM navasArImAM lAvavAmAM AvyA, hoya tema jaNAya che. A pachI pArasIo lagabhaga so varSa bAda potAnI dhArmika svataMtratA sthira karI zakyA. navasArImAM AvyA bAda pArasIoe sArI evI pragati sAdhI.

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138 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya navasArImAM A samaye je mULa pArasIo vasatA hatA te bhAgariyA ke bhAgaliyA kahevAtA. kema ke teo potAnI kamAna bhAga vaheMcI letA hatA. dhArmika vidhi karAvavAnA hakanI bAbatamAM navasArInA bhAgaliyA ane saMjANanA mobedo vacce ghaNIvAra jhaghaDA thatA. A jhaghaDAe bhayaMkara svarUpa lIdhuM. I. sa. 1573mAM navasArInAM pArasI vaDA dastUra maherajI rANAnI akabara sAthe mulAkAta thaI. akabara temanI sAthenI dharmacarcAthI prabhAvita thaze. temane dilhI AvavA AmaMtraNa ApyuM. dhIre dhIre akabara upara pArasI dharmaguruone prabhAva vadhato gaye. pArasI pratinidhione maMDaLo pAsethI jarathostI dharmanA siddhAMto samajI akabare IrAnI paMcAMga pramANe potAne "IlAhI' saMvata goThavya. jarathostI dharmanA tahevAro ane utsava samagra rAjyamAM UjavavAnI jAherAta karI. dastura kuTuMbanA nibhAva arthe akabare navasArInA pArola paragaNumAM 200 vIghA jamIna bheTa ApI. A dastUranA avasAna bAda tenA kuTuMbanA nibhAva arthe tenA putra kekAbAdane bIjI 100 vIghA jamIna bheTa ApavAmAM AvI. A pharamAna akabare anukrame I. sa. 1590 ane 1603mAM karyA hatAM. bAdazAha jahAMgIre paNa I. sa. 1618mAM navasArInA dastUrAne bhUmidAna kareluM. bAdazAha jahAMgIra jyAre amadAvAda AvyuM tyAre, navasArInA dharmaguruo temane amadAvAdamAM maLavA AvyA hatA. temanA taraphathI bheTa Apela jaInAM attaranI cAra bATalIothI bAdazAha jahAMgIra ghaNo ja khuza thayA. dastUrone 100 rUpiyA rokaDA ane 100 vIghAM jamInanuM dAna ApavAmAM AvyuM. auraMgajhebanA samayamAM pArasIo upara jajiyAvero nAkhavAmAM AvyuM hate. paNa sUratanA dAnavIra pArasI rustama mANekanI vinaMtIthI I. sa. 1660 mAM bAdazAhe A vere rada karyo hato. samaya jatAM navasArInA bhAMgariyA ane saMjANunA mobede vacce jhagaDe vadhatAM gAyakavADa sarakAranA hukamathI I. sa. 1741mAM Ataza baherAmane navasArIthI valasADa laI javAmAM AvyuM. A pachI navasArIne jhagaDo zAMta thayo. samaya jatAM pArasIo dhaMdhArthe sUratamAM vasavA lAgyA. ahIM teoe judA judA dhaMdhAo vikasAvyA. I. sa. 1733mAM pIMDhArAonA trAsane lIdhe pavitra Atazane navasArIthI sUrata laI javAmAM AvyA hatA. paNa tarata pAcho navasArI lAvavAmAM Avyo hato. A pachI A pavitra Atazane I. sa. 1741mAM valasADa lAvavAmAM Ave, paNa rAjakIya aMdhAdhUdhIne kAraNe I. sa. 1742nA okaTobaranI 28mI tArIkhe A Atazane valasADathI udavADA laI

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jarathAtI dhama javAmAM AvyeA. udavADAmAM zeTha banAjIe baMdhAvela Ataza baherAmanA sthAnamAM A pavitra agnine rAkhavAmAM AvyeA che. Ama, IrAnathI lAvelA pavitra agnine lagabhaga aDhIseAM varSoMthI pArasIe udavADAmAM jatanapUvaka jALave che. A kAraNathI pArasIe mATe udavADA meTuM tIrthadhAma banyuM che.. AkhA bhAratamAM pArasIonI vadhu vastI gujarAtamAM che ne teonI mAtRbhASA gujarAtI che. 139: amadAvAdanI pArasI dharmazALAnA zilAlekhA : amadAvAdamAM jUnI ane navI dharmAMzALAe nAme oLakhAtI dharma zALA-AmAM keTalAka zilAlekhA tarelA jovA maLe che. A lekheA yaz2aragaradI saMvataH 1235 (I. sa. 1866) ya. sa. 1261 (I. sa. 1982) yu. saM. 1262 (I. sa. 1893)nI sAlanA che. A savata IrAnanA sAsAnI vaMzanA chellA pAdazAha yajUda ganA rAjyArAhaNu(I. sa. 630-31)nA varSoMcI gaNAya che. enuM varSa saura che. emAM 30-30 divasanA 12 mahinA haiAya che. ne chellA mahinAnA 30mA rAja pachI pAMca divasa gAthAnA umeravAmAM Ave che. e rIte. varSa kula 365 divasanuM thAya che. A dharmAMzALAe pArasI dAnavI| taraphathI peAtAnA svajAnA zreyArthe baMdhAvelI che. I. sa. 1866nA lekhamAM zeTha sArAbajI jamazedajI jIjIbhAIe peAtAnI dIkarInA koyAthe dha zALA baMdhAvI hatI tema jaNAvyuM che. I. sa. 1892nA lekha dhama zALAnA pAye! nAkhyA te matalabanA che. I. sa. 1893nA lekhamAM amadAvAdanA agragaNya udyogapati navarAjI pestanajI vakIle peAtAnI patnInA koyAthe navI dharmazALA baMdhAvI. tevA ullekha che. pArasI agiyArIoH amadAvAda, surata, valasADa, navasArI, udavADA vagere sthaLeAe pArasIenI agiyArIe AvelI che. ahIM pavitra agninuM jatana karavAmAM Ave che. amadAvAdamAM pArasIenI khe agiyArIe AvelI che. eka khamAsA cekI: pAse ane khIjI kAMkariyA taLAvanI uttare. A baMnemAM lekha kAtarelA che. lekhA pArasI chAMTavALI gujarAtI bhASAmAM kAtarelA che. lekhamAM adrumajhadanA tathA zahenazAhI, kadamI jevA vibhAgeA, Isa, jagaradI, saMvata vagerenA ullekhA maLe che. A lekhe pArasI dAnavIree agiyArIene karelA dAna a MgenA che. AvI ja rIte surata, valasADa, udavADAnI agiyArIomAMthI paNa pArasI dAnavIrAnA dAnanA khyAla ApatA lekhA maLI Ave che.

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140 pArasIonu` tI kSetra : gujarAtamAM pArasIonuM noMdhapAtra tIthaeNdhAma udavADA che. te dakSiNa gujarAtamAM valasADa pAse Avelu che. IrAna cheADI pArasIe peAtAnA dharmanI rakSA mATe bhAratamAM AvyA tyAre peAtAnI sAthe pavitra agni lAvelA. A agnine udavADAmAM sAcavavAmAM Avela che. ahIM pArasIenI agiyArI AvelI che. pArasIone rahevA-jamavA mATenI uttama sagavaDatA ahIM che bhAratabharanA pArasIe ahIM darzanArthe Ave che. sadagraMthA (1) phIrAjha, kAvasajI dAvara (2) dastUra rustamajI. tehamalajI .mIstrI (3) paTela bahenajI. baherAmajI (4) minAyecara e. dAdaravAlA (5) prA. r. che. parIkha ane DaoN. haga zAstrI (sa) (6) OMA. ha. ga'. zAstrI gujarAtanA dhama sa`pradAya (7) Shahporji K. Hodiwala (8) Samual Laing IrAnanA cirAga kisse sajANu pArasI dha sthaLe IrAna, bAIbala ane yIe gujarAtanA rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika itihAsa, stra. 3, maitrakakAla ane anumaitraka kAla (1) gujarAtanA prAcIna itihAsa (2) bhAratIya abhilekha vidyA Parsis in Ancient India A Modern Zoroastrain

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IslAma dharma hajarata mahaMmada payagaMbara sAhebe pravartAvelo dharma, te IslAma dharma kahevAya che. IslAmanA anuyAyIo musalamAna tarIke oLakhAya che. IslAmanuM mukhya. ceya mAnavIne zAMti ApavAnuM che. IslAmane sAmAnya artha, Izvarane zaraNe javuM evo thAya che. IslAma zabdane udbhava "salama"mAMthI thayo che. tene. artha garadana jhukAvavI, mAthuM namAvavuM, evo thAya che. zAMti e IslAmane mULa maMtra che. IslAmane udbhava eziyA khaMDanA arabastAna pradezamAM thayo hato. tenA. mukhya pravartaka hajarata mahaMmada payagaMbara sAhebane janma I. sa. 170mAM arabastAnanA prasiddha zahera makkAmAM thayo hato. bALapaNamAM mAtApitAnI chatrachAyA gumAvatAM dAdAnA Azraye rahevuM paDayuM. dAdAnuM mRtyu thatAM kAkA abutAlibanI dekhabhALa heThaLa rahevA lAgyA. kauTuMbika Apattione lIdhe mahaMmadane koIpaNa prakAranI keLavaNI maLI na hatI. bALapaNa gheTAMbakarAM carAvavAmAM vitAvyuM. A samaya daramyAna teo ghaNA samaya ciMtanamAM gALatA. bAra varSanI vaye kAkA sAthe vepAramAM joDAyA. lagabhaga pacIsa varSa temaNe vepAramAM gALyAM. A samaya daramyAna temaNe vividha dezone pravAsa karyo. teo eka pramANika vepArI tarIke paMkAyA. temaNe khadIjA nAmanI strI sAthe lagna karyuM. A lagnathI. temanI kIrti vadhI. teo eka vyavahAru ane pramANika vepArI tarIke oLakhAvA lAgyA. lagna bAda teo potAne ghaNekhare samaya dhArmika ciMtanamAM gALavA lAgyA. temaNe lagabhaga 40 varSanI uMmare dharmopadeza ApavAnuM zarU karyuM. "Izvara eka ja che ane e pUjya che" e siddhAMtane pracAra karyo. makkAnA mUrtipUjake temanA A upadezathI che cheDAyA. jema jema temanA anuyAyIo. vadhatA gayA tema tema temane mArI nAkhavAnA prayatna vadhAre thavA lAgyA. AthI I. sa. 622mAM mahaMmada sAheba makkA cheDI madInA gayA. A divasathI hijarI saMvata zarU thayo. madInAnA lokee mahaMmada sAhebanuM premathI svAgata karI,

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-142 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya temane dharma svIkAryo, mahaMmada sAhebe arabastAnamAM ekezvaravAdane pracAra karI ajJAnatA ane aMdhazraddhAmAM DUbelI prajAne mArgadarzana ApyuM. A dhama dhIre dhIre samagra vizvamAM prasaryo. bhAratamAM IslAmanuM Agamana e rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika itihAsanuM noMdhapAtra prakaraNa manAya che. IslAma e bahArathI Avele dharma che. bhAratamAM tenuM Agamana Arabo dvArA thayuM. IslAmanI asara nIce Arabo jhanUnI banyA ane talavAranI aNIe temaNe bhAratamAM IslAmane pracAra karavA mAMDyo. temaNe siMdha pradezamAM IslAmanA pracAranI zarUAta karI, paNa temAM teo phAvyA nahi. e pachI bAramI sadImAM uttara bhAratamAM muslimonI sattA sthapAtAM IslAma rAjayadharma banyo. pariNAme sulatAnee IslAmane jhaDapI vikAsa karavA prayatna kya. muslima rAjya eka saMpradAyika rAjA hovAthI muslima sulatAnoe IslAmane pracAra jajayAre, dharmAtara pravRtti, maMdira toDavAM vagere vividha rIte karavA mAMDaze. bhAratamAM bhUtakALamAM AvelI aneka prajAo potAnA svataMtra AcAra-vicAra ane saMskRti sAthe AvI hovA chatAM bhAratanI prajA sAthe -bhaLI gaI hatI, paNa bhAratanI e kamanasIbI che ke bahArathI bhAratamAM AvelI muslima prajA bhAratIya prajA sAthe ekatA sAdhI zakI nahi. aMgrejoe AvI A bAbatamAM ghI homyuM. baMne prajAo kAyamI laDatI rahe tevI paristhiti saI. hiMdanA bhArata ane pAkistAna evA be TUkaDA karyA. Aje paNa dharmane nAme A pradezamAM vAraMvAra hullaDo phATI nIkaLe che. IslAma dharmanA mukhya siddhAMtiH gujarAtanA musalamAne IslAmanA nIcenA siddhAMtamAM khUba zraddhA dharAve che. IslAmanAM be mahattvanAM aMga che : (1) ImAna, (2) dIna. (1) IsAna H eTale mAnavuM, zraddhA rAkhavI, vizvAsa rAkha, IslAmamAM naka bAbata upara zraddhA rAkhavAnuM kahe che : (1) allAha, (2) phirastAo, (3) kurAne zarIpha, (4) payagaMbara, (5) kayAmata, (6) kismata. kayAmata eTale nyAyane divasa. kismatamAM jaNAyuM che ke khudAnI icchAthI manuSyanA sarva sukha da:kha nakkI karela che. IslAmamAM pAMca payagaMbaro thayAnuM manAya che: (1) hajarata

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islAma dharma 143 nehA, (2) hajarata abrAhama, (3) hajarata maujhIjha, (4) hajarata Isu, (5) hajarata mahaMmada, A sarvemAM hajarata mahaMmada sauthI chellA che. (2) dIna: dIna eTale dharmamAM jaNAvela kAryonuM zraddhApUrvaka AcaraNa karavuM. IslAma dharmamAM pAMca kAryone pavitra gayAM che : (1) kalamA, (2) namAjha, (3) rejA, (4) jakAta, (5) haja. kalamAmAM allAha vinA bIje kaI Izvara nathI ane hajarata mahaMmada payagaMbara che. enuM uccAraNa vakhatovakhata karavA jaNAvyuM che. namAjha pAMca vAra karavAnI hoya che. (1) savAranI namAjha, (2) baporanI namAjha, (3) namatA baporanI namAjha, (4) saryAsta samayanI namAjha, (5) rAtrI paDayA pachInI namAjha (salAtulaIzA). namAjha vakhate "vaju" karavAnuM kahyuM che. jemAM pANI vaDe zarIrane svaccha karavAnuM hoya che. rAjA eTale upavAsa, jakAta eTale dAna, ane haja eTale kAbA zarIphanI yAtrA. Ama, IslAmamAM ekezvaravAda, dIna, yAtrA vagerene mahimA gAyo che. gujarAtamAthI muslamAne dara varSe puSkaLa saMkhyAmAM makakA haja karavA jAya che. gujarAtamAM islAmane prasAra : gujarAtamAM IslAmane prasAra anumaitraka kAlamAM lagabhaga AThamI sadIthI zarU tha. muslima sattAnI sahu prathama zarUAta siMdhamAM thaI paNa teo gujara-pratIhAronI prabaLa sattAne lIdhe AgaLa vadhI zakyA nahIM. A samaye gujarAtanA kAMThA para Araba tathA hiMdI musAphare meTI saMkhyAmAM vasatA hatA. evuM zaharIyAra jevA Araba musAphare ane anya tavArIkhakAre noMdhe che. bharUcanI uttare AvelA gaMdhAra baMdaramAM masjida baMdhAI hatI. alamusudI (I. sa. 916) khaMbhAtanA baniyArAjAne bIjA dharmonA anuyAyIo sAthe vAdavivAda karavAno zokha hevAnuM, tathA khaMbhAta ane aNahilavADa pATaNa jevAM nagaramAM majide tathA musalamAnonI vastI hovAnuM jaNAve che. A samaye moTe bhAge muslimo vepArI prajA tarIke gujarAtamAM vasatA hatA. ahIM temane cAMciyAone trAsa sahana karavo paDato na hato. teo gujarAtamAM zAMtithI vepAra karI zakatA hatA. solaMkIkAla daramyAna bhImadeva 1lAnA samayamAM gajhanAnA sulatAna mahamUde somanAtha para AkramaNa karatAM muslimo sAthenA saMbaMdhe kharAba thayA. A pachI musalamAnanAM AkramaNo dhIre dhIre vadhavA lAgyAM. Ama chatAM IslAmanA pracArake daravezo, phakIre vagere tarapha gujarAtanA rAjavIonuM vartana ghaNuM ja udAra rahetuM. teo bahu ja zAMtithI hajarata mahaMmada payagaMbaranA upadezane pracAra karatA. khaMbhAta, kAvI, ghoghA, gaMdhAra ane pIrama jevA baMdaramAM muslimonI vastI savizeSa hatI.

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144 gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya bharUcamAM dasamI sadImAM bAbA rehAna ane enA nAnA bhAI tathA cALIsa daravezonI eka TukaDI sAthe IslAmanA pracAra arthe Avela, e sarva tyAM zahIda thayA hatA. kahevAya che ke misaranA alamusAmilara billAhanA pharamAnathI abdullAha ane ahamada nAmanA be mizanarIone bhAratamAM IslAmane pracAra karavA mokavavAmAM AvyA hatA. teo I. sa. 1067mAM khaMbhAta baMdare utaryA hatA. IslAmane pracAra karavA jatAM temanuM I. sa. 1131mAM emanuM avasAna thayuM. khaMbhAtamAM enI daragAha upara jhiyArata karavA gujarAtamAMthI aneka ziyA. paMthI vahorAo Aje paNa jAya che. anukRti pramANe jANavA maLe che ke caulukya rAjA karNadeva pahelAnA samayamAM (I. sa. 1016-1094) eka mahAtmA islAmanA pracArakanA prabhAvathI prerAIne musalamAna banI gayA hatA. dhIre dhIre emanA ziSyoe paNa IslAmano svIkAra karyo. A ziSyomAM karNadevanA eka bhAramala nAmanA pradhAnane samAveza thato hato. A vAtanI jyAre karNadevane khabara paDI tyAre te pote tapAsa karavA khaMbhAta gayA. jyAre te pradhAnanA makAnamAM pravezyA tyAre teNe joyuM to pradhAna pite namAjha paDhate hato. enI kabara kheDA jillAnA umareTha gAmamAM ziyA vaherAnA kabrastAnamAM AvelI hovAnuM manAya che. A bhAramala pradhAna vizenA kaI ulekhe selaMkIkAlIna abhilekho ke sAhityamAM maLatA nathI. bIjI anukRti pramANe jANavA maLe che ke "eka IslAmanA pracArake eka kheDUtanA sUkAI gayelA kuvAmAM duvA karI pANI lAvI ApyuM. AthI te kheDUte tathA tenI patnIe IslAma dharma aMgIkAra karyo. emanI kabare khaMbhAtamAM kAkA akelA ane "kAkA akelI' nI kabarone nAme oLakhAya che." dhIre dhIre solaMkIkAlamAM muslimonI vastI vadhAro aMdaranA gujarAtanA bhAgamAM thavA mAMDayo. ghaNuM muslima pracArake pATaNamAM AvI vasavA lAgyA. rAjA jayasiMha sarvadharma samabhAvanI vRttivALo hoI, potAnA rAjyamAM koIpaNa dharmanA anuyAyIne kanaDagata na thAya tenI khAsa kALajI rAkhato. khaMbhAtanA keTalAka pArasI e mumalamAna para humalo karI temane nukasAna pahoMcADayuM. AthI jayasiMhe tapAsa karI pArasIone masjida bAMdhavA mATe kharca ApavA hukama karyo hato. agiyAramI sadInA aMtamAM aneka muslima saMte gujarAtamAM UtarI AvyA hatA.

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IslAma dharma 145 pariNAme samaya jatAM gujarAtamAM muslima, vahorA memaNa, khojA vagere aneka jAtIo astitvamAM AvI. vaDodarA jillAnA DabhoI gAmamAM keTalAka muslima saMtanI peTalAdamAM bAbA ajunazAha nAmanA eka saMtanI kabara che. emanuM mRtyu .sa 1236mAM thayuM hatuM. ema jANavA maLe che ke temaNe amadAvAda pAse Avela AzAvalamAM I. sa. 1853mAM eka masjida baMdhAvI hatI. tyAMthI maLatA eka abhilekha parathI jANavA maLe che ke e majida sArvajanika upayoga mATenI che ema jAhera karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. A samaya daramyAna thaI gayelA mahAmAtya vastupAle muslima prajAjane mATe masjida baMdhAvI hatI. ema prabaMdhakeza, vastupAla caritra, vividhatIrthaka95 vagere graMthamAMthI jANavA maLe che. selaMkIkALa daramyAna i. sa. 1264mAM somanAthanA nAkhudA pIreje mahAjananA AgevAne paMcakula pAsethI jamIna kharIdI tyAM majida baMdhAvI. tenA nibhAva mATe paMcakula taraphathI vyavasthA karavAmAM AvI hatI. vi. saM. 1315mAM (I. sa. 1259)mAM kacchamAM dAnavIra jagaDUzAhe bhadrezvaramAM "khImalI" nAmanI masjida baMdhAvI hatI. I. sa. 1286-87mAM hAjI abdula kAsima nAmanA eka muslima pracArake junAgaDhamAM masjida baMdhAvI hatI. A masijada cInI masjidanA nAme hAlamAM oLakhAya che. Ama, solaMkIkALa daramyAna gujarAtamAM dhIre dhIre IslAmane pracAra vadhavA lAgyA hatA. ghaNuM nIcalI varNanA leke IslAma tarapha AkarSAyA hatA. ghaNuM mehammada ghorInA kedI banelA sainikoe islAmane apanAvyA hatA. keTalAka paradezathI AvelA musalamAnoe rAMderamAM potAnuM sthAna jamAvyuM hatuM. rAdhanapura pAse AvelA samInA kasabAtIo potAne sulatAna mahamUda gajhanavI sAthe AvelA saiyadanA vaMzajo tarIke oLakhAve che. amadAvAdanA kasabAtI leke pitAne vAghelA rAjAnA khurAsAnI sainikonA vaMzajo tarIke oLakhAve che. A samaya daramiyAna muslima sattA para na hovAthI teoe IslAmanA pracAra mATe gujarAtanI prajA upara koI atyAcAra karyo na hato. teo zAMtithI potAnuM kArya karatAM karatAM gujarAtInI prajA sAthe ekarUpa banI gayA hatA. A samaye koIpaNa devamaMdire muslima pracArakonAM bhega banyAM na hatAM. 10

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146 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya - caulukya vaMzanA aMta pachI gujarAtamAM muslima sattAnI sthApanA thaI. muslima sulatAnee gujarAtamAM islAmane phelAvo karavA mATe ghaNuM prayatna karyA. islAma dharmane rAjyAzraya maLela hoI, temaNe hiMduo upara aMkuza mUkatA. kAyadAo karyA. hiMduonA maMdirane nAza karyo. jajiyAvere dAkhala karyo. vaTALapravRtti AdarI. jAheramAM mUrtipUjA baMdha karAvI. heLI ane divALI jevA utsava jAheramAM UjavavA upara pratibaMdha mUkyo. sulatAna ahamadazAha 1 lo, mahamUda begaDe, mahamUda 2 je, mughala bAdazAha auraMgajheba vageree IslAmane pracAra karavA mATe sakhata prayatno karyA hatA. gujarAtanA muslimomAM sunnI ane ziyA baMne zAkhAnA anuyAyI vasatA hatA. sunnI paMthane pracAra rAjyakartAoe karela jyAre ziyA paMthane pracAra dharmo padezakee karela. A saMte dAI ane pIra tarIke oLakhAtA. ziyA majahabane phelAvo karavA IrAnathI khAsa dharmaguruone mokalavAmAM AvyA hatA. A sarvemAM dAI abdulA, hasana allA vagere mukhya hatA. gujarAtanA musalamAne sAmAnya rIte rUDhicusta manAya che. teo dharmanA Adezo zraddhApUrvaka pALe che. gujarAtamAM A samaye musalamAnamAM saiyada, paThANa, turka, mughalo vagere vibhAgo paDI gayA hatA. gujarAtamAM saiyadanI dasa mukhya zAkhAo che. bukhArI, kAdarI, raphAI, cistI, mazahadI, zirAjhI, urejhI, IdusI, tajhamI ane bhUkharI sauyada. zekhanA pAMca prakAre che: siddI, phArUkI, abbAsI, tristI, kurezI kabAomAM keTaleka ThekANe muslima vaherAo vase che. khAsa karIne dAhodamAM ane siddhapuramAM vaherAonI vastI vizeSa che. temanA sAta prakAra cheH dAudIyA, sulemAnIA, alImA, jheThIA, hajunIA, IsamAIlIyA, najhIrIA. A vorAo ziyA paMthane anuyAyIo hovAthI bAdazAha auraMgajhebanA vakhatamAM temanA upara ghaNuM ja Aphata AvI paDI hatI. gujarAtane ghaNuM musalamAne oliyA ke pIranI mAnatA mAnatA hatA. musalamAnonA dhArmika makAnene traNa vibhAgamAM vaheMcI zakAya H (1) masjide, (2) IdagAha (namAjha paDhavAnI jagyA), (3) ImAmavADe. gujarAtamAM sUrata ane khaMbhAtanA ImAmavADA bhavya che. gujarAtanA vahorAH I. sa. 1539mAM islAmanA 24mA dAI tunA julmane kAraNe, bhAratamAM AvyA. temaNe siddhapuramAM gAdI sthApI. temanA putra pacIsamA dAi sauyada jalAla

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IslAma dharma 147 samasuddIne amadAvAdamAM gAdI pheravI. vaherAoe dAuda bIna kutuba zAhane vaDA mullAjI tarIke svIkAryA. I. sa. 1590mAM dAvedI ane sulemAnI phirakA astitvamAM AvyA. teonI vastI gujarAtamAM siddhapura, amadAvAda, dAhoda, naDiyAda vagere sthaoe vizeSa pramANamAM che. naDiyAdanA vahorAo majhahabI sakIdA tarIke oLakhAya che. A kema dharmabhIru hoya che. teo nAnAM nAnAM gAmaDAMomAM vepAra karatA hoya che. A sarva vahorAe mulA yA mahamUda alInA bodhathI musalamAna thayA che. teonI jamAta samaya jatAM sAta vibhAgamAM vaheMcAi gai : (1) dAudIyA, (2) sulemAnIA, (3) alIA, (4) jhedIA, (5) hajumIyA, (6) IslAmIyA, (7) najhIrIyA. gujarAtanA khUNe khUNethI ziyA paMthanA vahorAe khaMbhAtamAM jhiyArata mATe Ave che. gujarAtanA ghaNuM vaherAo rAjasthAnamAM DuMgarapura jillAmAM mahI nadInA kinAre AvelA galIyAkoTamAM yAtrArthe Ave che. vahorA kemamAM A tIrthane vizeSa mahimA che. ahIM meTI daragAha AvelI che. tenI najIka zItaLA mAtAnuM maMdira AveluM che. A sthaLe vaherAo mATe jamavAnI tathA rahevAnI khAsa sagavaDa karavAmAM AvI che. gujarAtanA khejAH | gujarAtamAM AvelA nijhArIoe pATaNamAM AvI dharmapracAranuM kArya AraMvyuM. anuzruti pramANe jANavA maLe che ke temaNe pATaNanI eka hiMdu pratimAne belatI karI. enI pAse potAnA saMpradAyanI pratiSThA pratipAdita karAvI. A uparathI ghaNuM hiMduo musalamAna thayA. hiMduone AkarSavA mATe temaNe hiMduzAhI nAma dhAraNa karavA mAMDayuM. samAdhI jevI hiMduvidhi apanAvI. temanA anuyAyIo khejA tarIke oLakhAya che. teo divasamAM traNa namAjha paDe che. sUphIvAda upara hiMdu dharmanI vyApaka asara jovA maLe che. khaja jamAta viSNunA dasa avatArone mAne che. ane payagambarane viSNunA eka avatAra tarIke oLakhAve che. khojAone ziyA vahorAnI jema nAmadAra AgAkhAnane ghaNuM karaverA ApavA paDe che. A eka agatyanI vepArI koma che. paMtha : samaya jatAM IslAma dharmamAM gujarAtamAM nIcenA paMthe pracalita thayA.

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148 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya (1) pIrANuM paMthaH ImAmazAhanA navA paMthane pIrANA paMtha tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. ImAmazAha gujarAtamAM AvIne amadAvAdanI uttare Azare nava mAIla upara AvelA gIramathA nAmanA gAmamAM sthAyI thayA hatA. A gAmane Aje pIrANA tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. pIrANuM gAmamAM pAMca rojA che. ImAmazAhane, nurazAhane, surAbhAIne, bAbA muhammadane ane bAkara alIne. A pAMce rAjAnA pIrane mAnanArA judA judA leke che. paNa e badhAye pIrANunA mukhya pIrane mAna Ape che. ImAma zAhane mAnanArAomAM moTo varga hiMduone che. ImAmazAha I. sa. 1499mAM IrAnathI AvelA ane gIramathA gAma pAsenA moTA TekarA upara rahetA hatA. emaNe ghaNuM camatkAra karyA hatA ema kahevAya che. emanA camatkArathI ghaNA hiMduo khAsa karIne pATIdAre emanA sevaka banyA. kahevAya che ke eka saMgha kAzIe jato hate. te gIramathA gAma AgaLa AvatAM, ImAmazAhe kapaDuM DhAMkI tyAM ja darekane kAzInAM darzana karAvyAM. A camatkArathI A badhA ImAmazAhanA sevake banyA. temaNe upadeza ane camatkArathI ghaNA leuA ane kaDavA pATIdAra, kaNabIone tathA zekhaDAone AkarSyA hatA. dharmAtara pachI teo momane ane matiyA kaNabI tarIke oLakhAyA. sAmAnya rIte tenA anuyAyIo hiMdu rItarivAja pALe che. dIpanI pUjA kare che. zabane hiMdu rIta pramANe bALe che. paNa keTaluMka bALyA pachI thoDAMka hADakAM dATavA mATe rAkhe che. teo gujarAtamAM IslAmanI mahAna saMskRtinA saMskArovALA musalamAne tarIke oLakhAvavAne badale phakta pIrANuvALA tarIke UtaratA darajajAnA hiMduo ane UtaratI kakSAnA musalamAnonI eka najIvI kema tarIke oLakhAya che. temanA saMpradAyanA kriyAkAMDa ane ImAme vizenI mAhitI "satadharmanI vela" nAmanA eka pustakamAMthI maLe che. ImAmazAhIo allAhane eka sarvotkRSTa kiratAra tarIke ane mehammada musAne tenA rasula ane payagaMbara tarIke svIkAre che. teo namAjhane khAsa mahattva ApatA nathI. teo hiMduonA avatAranA siddhAMtamAM mAne che. A saMpradAyanA anuyAyIo jagatanI utpatti vizenI mAnyatAo ane tenA siddhAMtane svIkAre

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IslAma dharma 149 che. IslAmanA payaMgabara sAhebane guru mAne che. kurAnane teo devI graMtha gaNe che. kurAnane temanA ImAmo alaMkAra ane saraLa daSTAMto dvArA samajAve che. A ImAmazAhanA anuyAyI matiyAoe temanA dharmagurune pakaDavA badala auraMgajhebanA samayamAM bharUcamAM tophAna karI zarUAtamAM bharUca zaherane kabaje karyuM hatuM, paNa pAchaLathI bAdazAhanA sainya sAme teo TakI zakayA nahi. auraMgajhebanA hukamathI temane upara sakhta trAsa gujAravAmAM AvyA hatA Aje A paMtha gujarAtamAM astitva dharAve che. (2) mahedavI paMtha : A paMthanA anuyAyIo gujarAtanA ghaNAkharA bhAgamAMthI maLI Ave che. keTalAka dharmAtara karIne musalamAna thayelA che. teo moTe bhAge "gayara maheMdI" arthAta kayAmata pahelA AvanArA ImAma maheMdImAM zraddhA dharAvatA nathI. teo gayara maheMdI upanAmane svIkAratA nathI. teo mehammada maheMdI jenapurInA anuyAyIo che ane potAne "mahedavI" tarIke oLakhAve che. mehammada maheMdI jenapurI vize keTalIka anuzrutio pracalita che. eka anuzrutimAM jaNAvyuM che ke "eka vakhata eka juvAna mANase pitAnI mAzuka sAthe AkhI rAta gALI hatI. paraMtu prabhAtamAM tenI sAthe kacchao thatAM, te gussAmAM sIdhe sAbaramatI nadI tarapha gayA hatA. A vakhate saiyada mohammada potAnA keTalAka murIde sAthe savAranI namAja paDhavA nadI upara jai rahyA hatA. temaNe A yuvAnane joI kahyuM ke, dunyavI izka tarapha gussAmAM mAM pheravIne AvelAne huM Izka hakIkane rasto dekhADuM. A sAMbhaLatAM yuvAna ekadama cIsa pADIne pagamAM paDI gaye. bhAnamAM AvatAM te valI zakhsane custa murIda banI gayuM. teNe saMsArane tyAga karyo. bIjI anuzrutimAM jaNAvyuM che ke, "eka divasa temaNe pitAnA eka ziSyane kahyuM ke "huM tamane tamArAM ja cakSuthI allAhane batAvuM." A vAtanI amadAvAdane ulemAne khabara paDatAM, teNe sUbAne A mATe phariyAda karI. zahera kAjIe temane pUchayuM ke "tame Ima eTalA mATe meLavyAM che ke eka saiyadane katala karavAmAM Ave ?' A matabhedane lIdhe saiyada amadAvAda cheDI pATaNa cAlyA gayA. teo avanavA camatkAra batAvI lokonI muzkelIo dUra karatA. AthI leke temanA tarapha saddabhAva rAkhatA."

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gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya temanA "mahedI" hevAnA dAvA vize "mirAte ahamadI'mAM jaNAvyuM che ke temaNe pote imAma maheMdI hovAno dAvo karyo na hato. paraMtu temanA camatkArothI temanA murIdee pitAnI meLe temane imAma maheMdI mAnI lIdhA hatA. I. sa. 1503nA eprilanI 23mI tArIkhe temanuM mRtyu thayuM. saltanatakAla daramyAna temanAM anuyAyIo gujarAtamAM zAMtithI rahetA, ane vinA harakate temane dharma khullI rIte pALatA. dhIre dhIre chelle mujhaphapharazAha 3 jo sUbo ItidakhAna bIjo, amIre, zerakhAna, paTTaNI, musAkhAna, phUlAdI ane pAlanapuranA navAbo vagere sarva A paMthanA anuyAyI banyA hatA. I. sa. 1645mAM mughala zAhajAde auraMgajheba amadAvAdane sUbe baje tyAre pharIthI A kemanI pajavaNI zarU thaI gaI. ImAma maheMdI jAhera thayA hatA ane cAlyA gayA hatA ema kahevA mATe te vakhate temanAmAMnA keTalAkanI katala karavAmAM AvI. amadAvAda zahera bahAra uttare Avela "gulAbabAga" pAsenA yuddhamAM mahadevI AgevAna pAlanapuranA saiyada rAju ane temanA kalAka anuyAyIonI auraMgajhebanA hukamathI katala karavAmAM AvI hatI. saiyada rAju ane temanI sAthe zahIda thayelA temanA anuyAyIonI kabare hajupaNu zAhIbAga vistAramAM AvelI che. te kabare eka killAmAM AMtarI levAmAM AvI che. tenI dekharekha pAlanapuranA navAba taraphathI rAkhavAmAM Ave che. uttara gujarAtamAM A paMthanA ghaNA anuyAyIo che. pAlanapuranA mahedavIo pitAne saiyade ane pIrajhAdA kahevaDAve che. pAlanapuranI AjubAjunA gAmaDAmAM rahenAra murIdomAMthI je koI marI jAya te, sauthI pahelAM maiyatane pIrajhAdAnA makAne lAvavAmAM Ave che. ahIM keTalIka gupta vidhio zarU thAya che. pachI maiyata (zabane daphana mATe laI javAmAM Ave che. mahedavIonI mAnyatA mujaba saiyada mahammada jonapurI ImAma maheMdI hatA. teo rAtanI IzAnI namAjha pachI A duA paDhe che. "lA IlAhA IlallAha mohammada rasUlallAha ala kuraAne vaMla mahedI imAmaunA" ghaNI vakhata mahedavIo namAjha paDhI rahyA pachI hAtha uThAvI duA mAgatA nathI. teo mAtra temane vargamAM ja lagna vahevAra rAkhe che. temane keAI jamAta paTela hoya che. teo dAyarA banAve che. pratyeka dAyarAnA potAnA niyamo hoya che.

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islAma dharma (3) dAdupaMtha : prasiddha dAdupaMthanA sthApaka dAdu, kamAlanA ziSya gaNAya che. temane janma kAzImAM eka mocIne tyAM thayo hato. keTalAka temane janma amadAvAdamAM thaye hovAnuM mAne che. temanA anuyAyIo ema sAbita karavA mAge che ke teo nAgarabrAhmaNane tyAM janmela hatA. temanAM lakhANa parathI sAbita thAya che ke teo jAte musalamAna pIMjArA hatA. dAdunuM citta nAnapaNathI ja dharma tarapha vaLeluM hatuM. temanuM saM sArI nAma dAuda hatuM. temanI patnInuM nAma "hA" hatuM. temane garIbadAsa ane makanadAsa nAme be putro hatA, ane nAnIbAI tathA mAtAbAI nAme be putrIo hatI. I. sa. 1544mAM jamIne i. sa. 1603 jeTha vada AThamane zanivAre rAjasthAnanA-nArANuM gAme temaNe dehatyAga karyo hato. dAdupaMthIone ahIM moTo maTha che. dAdune paMtha parabrahma saMpradAya athavA sahaja saMpradAya tarIke oLakhAya che. bAbu kSitimohana sena ene brahmasamAja kahe che. AmAM hiMdu-musalamAna sarva joDAI zake che. ahIM zAstrane mahatva ApavAmAM AvatuM nathI. paNa AtmAnubhavane mahattva ApavAmAM Ave che. temanA upadezamAM ahaMkArane tyajIne badhAe bhAI-bahenanI mAphaka eka thaIne vartavuM tema jaNAvyuM che. bhagavAnanuM dhAma aMtaramAM che. premathI tene pAmI zakAya che. A temanA upadezane mukhya sAra hato. mUrtipUjA bAhyAcAra, vrata vageremAM teo mAnatA nahi. kahevAya che ke dAdune akabara bAdazAha sAthe meLApa thayA hatA. akabare maLavA mATe kahevaDAvyuM, tyAre dAdue kahyuM ke "meTA samrATane amArA jevA garIbone maLIne zuM kAma che ? paNa je bhakta akabarane maLavAnI icchA hoya te te bhale Ave. kahe che ke akabara sAthe cAlIsa divasa sudhI dAdune meLApa thayo hato. akabaranA dhArmika vicAromAM dAdunA be vacanenI ghaNuM ja asara vartAtI hatI. dAdune akabaranA darabAranA paMDitAe prazna pUche ke tame kene pUje cho ? tamAruM pustaka kayuM ? tyAre temanA javAbamAM dAdue kahyuM che ke, "mAruM zarIra mAruM pustaka che. paramezvara enA saMdezAo emAM lakhe che. mAruM jIvana mAre paMDita che. aMtaryAmI e mAruM devaLa che. aMtaramAM huM ene pUja chuM. kahevAya che ke, "dAdu sAthenA paricaya pachI mughala bAdazAha akabare pitAnA sikkAo upara pitAnuM nAma kADhI nAkhyuM hatuM ane tenA badalAmAM "allAhu

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152 gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya akabara" ema aMkita karAvyuM hatuM. aMbaranA rAjA bhagavAnadAsa dAdunA mukhya ziSya hatA. gujarAtamAM dAdupathIo Aje paNa astitva dharAve che. gujarAtanA keTalAka nAmAMkita muslima saMtaH koIpaNa pradezanA sAMskRtika ItihAsamAM sAdhusaMtonuM sthAna ghaNuM mahatvanuM heya che. temaNe sarjelA dharmasaMskArane lIdhe ja prajAjIvana aneka yAtanAo sAme TakI rahyuM hoya che. gujarAtamAM satanatakAla daramyAna keTalAka nAmAMkita muslima saMta thaI gayA. temAM ahamadazAha 1 lAnA samayamAM sarakhejanA saMta ahamada gaMjabakSa ane vaTavAnA prasiddha saMta hajharata kutube AlamazAha mukhya che. zekha ahamada khaTu gaMjabakSa : | gujarAtanA pATanagara amadAvAdanI sthApanAmAM je cAra ahamado hatA te paikI eka pavitra ane saMta puruSa ahamadakhaTTa gaMjabakSa hatA. temanI gaNanA te jamAnAnA bhAratanA uttama muslima saMtamAM thatI hatI. teo kayAMnA vatanI hatA tenI koI mAhitI maLatI nathI. paNa keTalAka emane nAgara pAsenA khaTu gAmanA hevAnuM mAnatA hatA. temane janma dilhImAM thaye hatA. temanuM janma nAma vajI. uddIna hatuM. yuvAnImAM temaNe bhAge AvelI milakata mejazokhamAM uDAvI dIdhI. paNa khaTu gAmanA eka prasiddha saMta IzAka magarUbInA paricayamAM AvatAM temanAmAM vairAgya jAgyo. teo temanA ziSya banyA. temaNe pravartAvela saMpradAya magharabI tarIke oLakhAya. teo mAnavatAnA sAcA pUjArI hatA. kahevAya che ke dilhImAM taimUre calAvelI katala temaNe baMdha karAvI hatI. I. sa. 1374mAM makkAnI yAtrA karavA khaMbhAta baMdare AvyA hatA. makkAthI pAchA pharatAM gujarAta pratye anurAga janmatAM sAbaramatI nadIne sAme pAra sarakheja gAmamAM sthira thayA. thoDAka samaya bAda mujhapharazAha ane temanA putra mahamadazAha sAthe paricaya vadhatAM teo vacce guru. ziSyane saMbaMdha baMdhAyo. kahevAya che ke pitA-putra vacce takarAra thatAM A saMtanA AzIrvAda meLavavA mATe mahamadazAhe ghaNuM moTI rakama A saMtane bheTa mokalI hatI. paNa A nApAka rakamane saMte svIkAra na karyo. samaya jatAM teo gaMjabakSa tarIke oLakhAvA lAgyA. mahamadazAha pachI temane putra ahamadazAha 1 le A saMtane parama ziSya banyuM. amadAvAdanI sthApanAmAM A saMte mahatvanAM sUcane ryA. temaNe amadAvAdane pAyo nAkhavA mATe pAMca pavitra ahamade bhegA karavAnuM

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islAma dharma 153 sUcana karyuM hatuM. ahamadazAhe jeNe eka paNa namAjha na pADI hoya tevA pAMca ahamade bhegA karyA. temAM sau prathama zekha ahamadakhadu gaMjabakSa hatA. ghaNuM loke temanA ziSya banyA hatA. i. sa. 1466mAM temanuM mRtyu thayuM. temanI daragAha amadAvAda pAsenA sarakheja gAmamAM AvelI che. ahIM aneka zraddhALu Aje paNa Ave che. hajarate kutubeAlama zAha : gujarAtanA muslima saMtomAM vaTavAnA bukhArI saiyadanuM nAma ghaNuM mazahUra che. sAmAnya janatAmAM kutubeAlamazAhanuM nAma ghaNuM ja jANItuM che. bahu ja nAnI uMmaramAM pitAnI chatrachAyA gumAvatAM temaNe potAnA kAkA pAsethI zikSaNa meLavyuM. hi. saM. 802mAM teoe pATaNamAM vasavATa karyo. tyArabAda teo AzAvala AvyA. ahamadazAhane amadAvAda vasAvavA mATe A saMtanA AzIrvAda prApta thayA hatA. A vakhate temaNe kahyuM hatuM ke ahamadAbAda paramezvaranI kRpAthI hamezAM AbAda raheze. A saMta viSe aneka daMtakathAo pracalita che. eka vakhate kutube AlamazAha rAtanA namAjha paDhavA mATe UThatAM aMdhArAmAM temanA pagamAM eka mATInuM DhekuM athaDAyuM. temanA pagamAM lohI nIkaLyuM. A jotAM teo bolI uThayA ke ye kyA hai ? hA haya ! lakakaDa haya yA paththara he ! savAramAM joyuM to mATInA DhephAmAM lokhaMDa, lAkaDuM ne paththara ema traNeyane samAveza thato hato. kutube Alama sAhebe A DhephAne dATI devAne hukama karatAM kahyuM ke A vAta jAhera karavI nahIM. ane je A Dhephe bahAra kADhaze tene vaMza raheze nahi. chevaTe eka sevake vaMza vinAnA rahevAnuM pasaMda karIne A DhekuM bahAra kADhayuM hatuM. akabara A mATInA DhephAne joine ghaNuM ja Azcarya pAmyo hato. ane tene keTaleka bhAga AgrA laI gayo hato. Aje A DhephAne bAkIne bhAga vaTavAmAM temane rojAmAM che. te camatkArika paththara tarIke oLakhAya che. samaya jatAM temanAM kuTuMbanI be zAkhAo thaI. kutube AlamazAhanI gAdInA sauyade kutubI saiyada tarIke oLakhAya che. ne temanA putra zAhaAlamanI gAdInA anuyAyIo zAhI saiyado tarIke oLakhAya che. sauyada usmAna zame burahAnI : A saMta vaTavAnA saiyada kutube Alama zAhanA prathama ziSya hatA. mirAte ahamadImAM temane gujarAtanA nAMdhapAtra saMtomAMnA eka gaNyA che. temanA vize keTalIka daMtakathAo pracalita che. temanA gurunA AdezathI upadeza ApavAnuM zarU karyuM, paNa vastImAM rahI temane te kama phAvyuM nahi. AthI teo sarvane tyAga karI

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154 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya nadI kinAre rahevA lAgyA. temanuM upanAma "zame burahAnI' eTale dIvAne prakAza hatuM. kahevAya che ke eka divasa teo nadIe nahAvA gayA hatA. ghare pANuM laI javA mATe temanI pAse koI sAdhana na hatuM. eTalAmAM eka gadAdhara nAmane cheka gAgara bharI pANI laI jato hato. tenI pAsethI gAgara mAgIne pANI ghera pahoMcADayuM. pachI te chokarAne potAnI pAse rahevAnuM kahyuM. te teNe kahyuM ke mArA pitA pAse paisA nathI tethI ame kevI rIte ghara vasAvI zakIe ? saiyada sAhebe kahyuM ke ThIka tuM sAbaramatImAMthI gAgara bharIne ghera jA. e pANI bharelI gAgara teNe ghera jaI ThAlavI to temAMthI pANuMnA badale sonAmahero nIkaLI. A camatkAra pachI te chokarAnuM AkhuM kuTuMba saiyada sAheba pAse rahevA lAgyuM. A saMte keTalAka suphI saMpradAyane lagatA graMtho lakhyA che. temanA nAma uparathI amadAvAdanI pAse usmAnapurA gAma vasAvyuM hatuM. ahIM Aje paNa mahamUda begaDAe baMdhAyela temanI masjida mojuda che. zAhaAlama H A saMta gujarAtanA sulatAna mahamUda begaDAnA samayanA eka nAmAMkita saMta hatA. temanI kIti Aje paNa samagra gujarAtamAM phelAyelI che. te madharabI paMthanA anuyAyI hatA. te eka camatkArika saMta tarIke oLakhAtA. mirAte ahamadImAM temanA vize prasaMga ne che ke zekhakamAla ane zAhaAlamane dhobI eka ja hato. tene eka paNa putra na hato. tethI teNe baMne saMta pAse saMtAnanI mAgaNI karI. zekha kamAla pAse teNe putrInI mAgaNuM karI ane zAhaAlama pAse putranI mAgaNI karI. chevaTe tene tyAM putrane janma thaye. daMtakathA che ke A putrane laI jyAre dhobI zAhaAlama pAse jate tyAre te putra raheto, ane zekha kamAla pAse jato tyAre te putrI banI jate. TUMkamAM, mahamUda begaDAnA samayamAM thayelA saMtamAM zAhaAlama sAhebanuM nAma mokhare che. temane roje caMDoLA taLAva pAse Avelo che. te zAhaAlamanA rojAnA nAme oLakhAya che. tenI jALInI kataraNa bhavya che. amadAvAdanA sthApatyamAM A reje eka noMdhapAtra ImArata gaNAya che. A uparAMta ciztI khAnadAna tathA maleka muhamada IkhtiyAra, zekhasalAhuddIna, saiyada mahamUda erajI vagere nedhapAtra saMta hatA. gujarAtanuM IslAmI sthApatya : I. sa. 1304mAM gujarAtamAM muslima sattAnI sthApanA thaI te pahelAM gujarAtamAM bhadrezvara, prabhAsa, mAMgaroLa, khaMbhAta, peTalAda, Dabhoi, umareTha, rAMdera,

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islAma dhama 155. AzAvala, pATaNa, junAgaDha vagere sthaLAe muslimA vasatA heAvAthI, tyAM nAnI. meATI masjide astitvamAM AvI hatI. A dharmIsthAneA mATe bhAge dhanika vepArIoe baMdhAvyAM hatAM. A sarvemAM nIcenI masjide noMdhapAtra che. saltanatakAla pUrvenAM islAmI smArakA : (1) peTalAdanI khAkhA aju nazAhanI masjida : A masjida peTalAdamAM khAkhA arju nazAhanI daragAhanA nAme oLakhAya. che. teo madhya eziyAmAMthI AvI islAmanA pracAra arthe ahIM vaselA. temanu mRtyu i.sa. 1236mAM thayuM hatuM. emanI kabara upara ArasamAM arabI bhASAmAM suMdara lekha che. temAM Izvara sivAya khIjo kAI Izvara nathI. mahammada prabhunA payagambara che vagere kurAnanAM vAkayo lakhelAM che. A masjidamAM allAuddInanA samayanA I.sa. 1313nA lekha che. khIA lekhamAM peTalAdamAM masjida baMdhAyAmA ullekha che. (ra) khaMbhAtano jAme masjida : A masjidanuM makAna muslima yuganI zarUAtamAM baMdhAvela makAneAnA jevI bAMdhaNItu che. A ImArata I.sa. 1325mAM eTale ke sulatAna muhammada tughalakanA rAjya vakhate baMdhAI hatI. A masjida pUrva-pazcima 12 phUTa lAMkhI. ane uttara-dakSiNa 252 phUTa paheALI che. vacamAM vizALa prArthanAkhaMDa Avela che. cekanI traNeya bAju thAMbhalA ane ghummaTavALI paDALiyA che: vaccenA maherAkha upara kurAne zarIphanAM vAkayo kAtarelAM che. masjidanI pAchaLa dakSiNa bAjue eka moTA rAjo Avela che. khaMbhAta zaherathI be mAIla dUra eka IdagAha AvelI che. temAM hI.sa. 783(I.sa. 1381)nA lekha che. (3) bharUcanI jAme masji* : ahIM sulatAna allAuddIna khalajInA Amana vakhate astitvamAM Avela. eka vizALa masjida AvelI che. tenA sta MbhA hiMdumaMdiranA avazeSA hAvAnI. zAkha pUre che. (4) bhadrezvaranI khImalI masjida A masjida bhadrezvaranA dAnavIra jagaDUzAhe baMdhAvelI hovAnu manAya che.. tenA upara kAI lekha na hovAthI tenA ceAkkasa samaya kahI zakAtA nathI. A masjida hiMduma dira sthApatyanI zailInI che. masjidanA thAMbhalAnI nIceneA bhAga.

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gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya corasa, vacamAM aSTakoNa ane upara geLa che. ene mukhya bhAga thAMbhalAonI cAra hArone bane che. maherAbavALI pazcimanI dIvAla UbhI che. bIjI masijado : A uparAMta dhoLakAmAM hilAlakhAna kAjInI masjida, jUnI jAme masjida, mAMgaroLanI sAme masijada che. masjide rahemAna ane rAvanI masijada, siMkadara saiyadanI daragAha, bhadrezvaranI khImalI masjida vagere dharmasthAne guja. rAtamAM muslima sattAnI sthApanA pUrve baMdhAyelAM hovAnuM manAya che. A sarva islAmI imAratomAM IslAmI sthApatyanAM mULabhUta lakSaNo a5pramANamAM hatAM. A imArato kevaLa dharmapracAra arthe ja banAvavAmAM AvI hoya tema spaSTa jaNAya che. I.sa. 1304mAM gujarAtamAM muslima satanatanI sthApanA thatAM majida ane rajAnuM svarUpa badalAvA mAMDayuM che. dhIre dhIre kalAtmaka majidanuM sarjana thavA lAgyuM. muslima saMto, oliyAo ane nAmAMkita vyaktionI kabara upara makabarA ke daragAhe baMdhAvA lAgI. AmAM mULa kabara jamInamAM hoya che. jyAre enI uparanA khaMDamAM nakalI kabara hoya che. A samaye musalamAnonI vastI vadhatAM IslAmI bAMdhakAmonI saMkhyA vadhavA lAgI. ghaNAM dharmasthAne hiMdumaMdiranA kATamALamAMthI baMdhAvavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. saltanatakAlIna islAmI smAraka : gujarAtamAM muslima sattA sthapAtAM vividha prakAranAM IslAmI smAraka racAyAM. te sarvamAM- (1) bharUcanI jAme masjida, (2) khaMbhAtanI jAmI masjida (I.sa.1325), dhoLakAnI marijada, amadAvAdamAM ahamadazAhanI masjida, hebatakhAnanI masjida, jAme majida, saiyada AlamanI masijada, ahamadazAhane roje, rANIne "hajIre, kutubudInanI masjida, malekazAbAnane rojo, bIbIjIkI masjida, sarakhejane roja, rUpamatInI masjida, cAMpAneranI masjida (citra naM. 19) 'dariyAkhAnano rojo, zAhaAlamane roje, bAIharIranI masjida ane reje, rANIsiprInI masjida, jUnAgaDhamAM uparakoTanI masjida, verAvaLamAM mAMDavI jakAta pAsenI majida vagere sthApatyanI daSTie noMdhapAtra che. mughalakAlIna IslAmI smArako : mughalakAla daramyAna muslima AkramaNa ochAM thatAM hiMdu maMdira toDIne

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islAma dharma muslima sthApatya racAyAnA dAkhalA ochA maLe che. phakta siddhapuranA prAcIna rudramALanA khaMDeremAM baMdhAyela masjidane eka ja dAkhalo maLe che. A samaye racAyela IslAmI smArakAmAM vaDodarAne kutubuddInane makabaro, amadAvAdamAM mIra abuturAbane roje, zekha vachauddInane reje, hAjIsAhebanI masjida (dariyApura), sujAtakhAnanI masjida, anavarakhAna bAbIne makabare (amadAvAda), pIramazAhanI masjida (amadAvAda) vagere noMdhapAtra che. A uparAMta virapura(ji. kheDA)nA dariyAI pIranI daragAha, temaja naDiyAda, umareTha, zAmaLAjI vagere sthaLonI daragAha gujarAtamAM mahattvanuM sthAna dharAve che. payagaMbaranAM pagalAM : A pagalAMnI padharAmaNa mughala bAdazAha akabaranA samayamAM mIra abuturAbe karI hatI. mirAte ahamadImAM jaNAvyA pramANe abuturAba makakethI kadama, mubArakanI nizAnIvALe eka paththara lAvyA hatA ane bAdazAha akabaranA. kahevAthI emaNe AzAvala(hAlanuM asAravA)mAM potAnA makAna AgaLa e. pavitra pagalAMne padharAvyAM hatAM. hAlamAM A makAnanI kaI nizAnI jaNAtI nathI. saMbhava che ke e mIra abuturAbanA rAjA pAse haze. marAThAonA AkramaNane, lIdhe A pagalAMne zaheramAM lAvI tenA para daragAha baMdhAvavAmAM AvI hatI makkAnuM pravezadvAra sUrataH mughalakAla daramyAna sUrata e makkAnuM pravezadvAra gaNAtuM. bAdazAha jahAMgIranA. samayamAM sUrata baMdaranI jAhojalAlI paNa khUba vadhI hatI. makkA-madInA haja karavA jatA yAtrALuo A baMdarethI jahAjamAM ravAnA thatA. haja karavA javAnA samaye ahIM hAjI phakIra ane muslima saMto ane dharmapremIone moTo meLo. jAmato. A samaye yAtrALuone UtaravA mATe baMdaranI AvakamAMthI eka hakIkata khAna nAmanA saradAre moTI dharmazALA baMdhAvI hatI. Aje te jagA sUratamAM mughalasarAhanA nAme oLakhAya che. A makAna mATe je ArasanI takatI kotaravAmAM AvI hatI te hAlamAM muMbaInA prinsa opha velsa myujhiyamamAM sacavAyela che. temAM jaNAvyuM che ke ahIM utaranArA pavitra puruSe, garIba, makkA-madInAnA yAtrIo pAsethI kaMI paNa levAmAM Avaze nahi. makkAnuM pravezadvAra gaNunA A sthaLane hAjIe bAla bAba) ula-makkA, kahetA. ahIM nAnapurA vistAramAM makkAI pula pAse vizALa daravAjo hato. A daravAjAmAMthI hAjIo nAvaDI mAte baMdara upara jatA. hAlamAM makkAnA praveza

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"18 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya dvAranI yAdagIrI rUpe sUratamAM nAnapurA vistAramAM makAIpurA nAme oLakhAtI jagA mojuda che. gujarAtamAM UjavAtA muslima tahevAre : khAsa karIne IslAmI tahevAro hijarI saMvata pramANe nakkI thAya che. maherama e hijarI saMvatane pahelo mAsa gaNAya che. gujarAtamAM muslimo maherama, IdemilAda, zabemerAja, ramajAna Ida, vagere tahevAro bahu ja utsAhathI Ujave che. gujarAta para islAmanI asara : caudamI sadImAM gujarAtamAM muslima sattAnI sthApanA thatAM gujarAtamAM IslAmane pracAra vyApaka pramANamAM thayo. muslima sulatAnee dhArmika jhanUnathI prerAIne aneka maMdirone nAza karyo. aneka ThekANe masjida banAvI. dhIre dhIre musalamAna ane hiMduo rAjakIya ane sAmAjika kSetre ekabIjAnI nikaTa AvavA lAgyA. sulatAna ahamadazAhe rAjadarabAramAM hiMduone mahattvanA hodA ApavAnI zarUAta karatAM hiMduo rAjakIya kSetre noMdhapAtra bhAga bhajavavA lAgyA. temanI kuzAgra buddhinA pariNAme rAjyanI Avaka vadhI. maleka gopI jevA saradAree sUrata baMdarane vikasAvI gujarAtanA vepArane samRddha banAvyuM. rAjyanA mahattvanA prazno jevA ke vArasA hakaka vageremAM hinduo mahattavane bhAga bhajavatA. IslAmanA pracArathI gujarAtamAM muslima samAja astitvamAM AvyuM. gujarAtamAM mAMsAhAra vadhe. muslima AkramaNone lIdhe jJAtinAM baMdhane kaDaka banyAM. lagna ane bhajana vahevAra upara sakhta pratibaMdha AvyA. nArI samudAya ajJAnatA ane aMdhazraddhAmAM saDavA lAge. muslima zikSaNaprathAne prasAra vadhatAM arabI-phArasInuM mahattva vadhyuM. tene pariNAme nAgare ane kAyastha jevI jJAtionA adhikArIo phArasI upara kAbU jamAvavA lAgyA. kurAnanA abhyAsane muslima zikSaNamAM kendrasthAne mUkavAmAM AvyuM. keTalAka hiMdu lekhako e paNa phArasI graMtha lakhyA che. muslimonA paricayane lIdhe gujarAtI prajAnA khorAkanI vAnagIo, poSAka ane bhASA vageremAM pheraphAra thayA. makAnanI AgaLanI khullI jagAmAM khaDakI bAMdhavAne badale bAga banAvavAno zokha va. hiMduomAM paradA paddhati dAkhala thavA lAgI. je ke hiMduomAMthI muslimo banyA temanI raheNIkaraNa upara

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islAma dhama 159 hiMdu dharmAMnI asara vartAtI hatI. khAna, vaheArA vagere kAmeAmAM hiMdu rivAjo paLAtA dekhAtA hatA. pIrane hiMdu ane musalamAne bane pUjavA lAgyA. saMdarbha graMthA (1) Muhammad Ibrahim Dar (2) M. A. Chaghatai (3) maulAnA abdula alI saiphI (4) karIma mahaMmada mAstara (5) alI meAhammada khAna (6) kSitimeAhana sena (7) 2. bhI. joTa (8) DA. cheTubhAI nAyaka (9) DaeNA. ra. nA mahetA Literary and cultural activities in Gujarat, Bombay. Muslim monoments of Ahmedabad, through their Inscriptions. majalise sephiyA mahAgujarAtanA musalamAna mirAte ahamadI madhyayuganI sAdhanA dhArA gujarAtanuM pATanagara, amadAvAda gujarAta para arakhI-phArasInI asara vaNuM kasamuccaya bhAga-2

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zIkha dharma dezanA DAbA ne jamaNA aMga jevI e kAma hiMdu ane muslima dharmAMte nAme barakhAda thaI rahI hatI tyAre temane ekatAne tAMtaNe bAMdhavAnA prayatna zIkha dhame karyAM. ziSya' zabda uparathI paMjAbI bhASAnA sikkha' zabda banyA che. khIjA zabdomAM kahIe teA zIkha eTale ziSya. A dharmImAM jaNAvyu` che ke sat' nAmanI eLakha guruthI thAya che ne te mATe satyaniSTha gurunuM zaraNa svIkAravuM joIe. vIratA, svArpaNu ne gurubhakti mATe zIkha prajA bhAratIya prajAmAM khUba Adara pAmI che. I.sa.nA 11mA saikAthI ApaNA deza upara je videzI AkramaNA zarU thayAM tene laIne prajAnuM sAmAjika ane dhArmika jIvana astavyasta banI gayuM hatuM. jIvanamAMthI zraddhAnuM khaLa nAza pAmyuM. svamAna ane samabhAvanI bhAvanA naSTa thaI gaI. samAjamAMthI satya nyAya ane dharmanA lepa thaI gayA. dhamane nAme jAduM, camatkAra, vahema, aMdhazraddhA vagere aniTA dezamAM Thera Thera vyApaka banyAM. muslima sulatAnAne bAdazAhe aneka prakAre dharmAntara karAvatA hatA. AkhA samAjamAM bhaya ane dhamakInuM vAtAvaraNa phelAeluM hatuM. samAjamAM brAhmaNeA ane maulavIe jJAnI hovAnA daMbha karI dharmane nAme sAMpradAyika saMkucitatA vikasAvatA. hatA. samAjamAM A prakAranA saMdharSa cAlI rahyo hatA tyAre khIjI bAju saMtAnI paraMparA bhaktibhAve dharmAMnuM caitanya TakAvI rAkhavA prayatna karatI hatI. Izvara krAI kAmanA na hoI zake paNa sanA che. e vAta upara temaI bhAra mUkaye|. nAtajAtanAM baMdhane tADIne sAviNuMka dhama phelAvyeA. A saMta para MparAmAM prathama rAmAnaMda thayA. rAmAnaMda bAda tenA ziSyAe gurunuM kArya AgaLa dhapAvyuM. A ziSyamAM kakhIra ane nAnakanuM nAma AgaLa paDatu che.

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zIkha dharma gurunAnaka ? nAnakano janma vi. saM. 1526 (I.sa. 1469)mAM paMjAbamAM lAhera pAse AvelA talavaMDI gAmamAM thayo hato. pitAnuM nAma kAlurAma ane mAtAnuM nAma tRptAjI hatuM. nAnakanuM citta bALapaNathI ja bhaNavA tarapha ceTatuM na hatuM. saMta samAgama ane IzvarabhajanamAM teo masta rahetA hatA. te jamAnAmAM musalamAnI rAjya havAthI phArasI bhASA jANanArane rAjyamAM nokarI jaladI maLatI hatI. tethI nAnakane maulavI pAse phArasI bhaNavA mokalyA. maulavI pAsethI jJAna meLavavAne badale nAnake maulavIne phArasI kakkAne artha samajAvavA mAMDo. dunyavI dRSTie nAnakanA vicitra vartanane lIdhe kuTuMbIjanenI najaramAM teo gAMDA ane dhUnI gaNAvA lAgyA. keTalAka vakhata bAda temanuM lagna sulakSaNa nAmanI kanyA sAthe karavAmAM AvyuM. saMtAnanA pitA banyA. nAnaka saMsAramAM rahetA hovA chatAM, Izvara bhajanane bhUlyA na hatA. teo sulatAnapuranA navAbane tyAM modIkhAnA upara nokarI karatA hatA. ahIM paNa nAnaka garIba pratye rahema rAkhatA hatA. irSALu leke nAnakanI viruddha navAbanA kAna bhaMbheravA lAgyA. aMte temaNe navAbanI karI choDI dIdhI. teo ekAMtamAM rahevA lAgyA. jaMgalamAM sAdhu-saMtonA samA. gamamAM bhaTakavA lAgyA. divaso sudhI smazAnamAM paDI rahevA lAgyA. Ama karatAM karatAM temaNe Izvara viSe khUba ciMtana karyuM ane mananI zuddhi karI. kahevAya che ke A samaya daramyAna teone Izvarano sAkSAtkAra thayo. Izvare Adeza Ape "japa yajJa koSTha che" mATe te karyA kare. lokone teno upadeza Apo. A pachI temaNe bhAratanA khUNe khUNe pharIne 20 varSa sudhI "sa" nAmane mahimA gAyo. dharmopadeza karatI vakhate teo saMgItane upayoga karatA. nAnakane AMgaNe hiMdumuslima ziSyone darabAra bharAtA hatA. Ama, nAnake paropakArI jIvana gujArIne 70 varSanI uMmare samAdhi lIdhI. Aje A jagyA "nAnakAnA daherA" nAme prasiddha che. bhAratIya samAja jIvana para nAnakanA vicArenI asara noMdhapAtra che. nAnakano upadeza : nAnakanI upadeza karavAnI paddhati buddha ane mahAvIranI jema sAdI, saraLa ane lokabhogya hatI. sAdI bhASAmAM bhajane, pada ane kIrtane racIne temaNe dharmopadeza karyo hato. nAnake jAte kaI graMtha lakhe nathI. paraMtu pAMcamA guru arjunadeve temane upadeza jALavI rAkhavA, temanI vANIne graMthasAhebanA prathama mahollAmAM goThavI che. nAnakanI vANuM "japajI" nAme oLakhAya che. A vANImAM

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162 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya paramAtmAnA japane mahimA gAvAmAM AvyA che. nAnakanA padomAM jJAna, vairAgya ane bhaktinI chAMTa jovA maLe che. emanA upadezane sAra e che ke, mAnavI e prathama mAnavI che pachI te hiMdu ke musalamAna che. ajJAna dUra karavA mATe, asatyamAMthI satya tarapha javA mATe, manuSya satagurunuM zaraNuM levuM joIe. IzvaranuM vakhatovakhata smaraNa karavA mATe temanA nAmane japa karavo joIe.. aneka tIrthomAM snAna karavAthI ke mAthuM muMDAvavAthI IzvaranI prApti thatI nathI. bhalAInAM kAryo karavAthI Izvarane prApta karI zakAya che. satkarma e ja muktinA mArgane daravAje che. IzvaranA darabAramAM javA mATe mana, vacana ane kAryanI nirdoSatA Avazyaka che. guru nAnakanA upadezamAM IpaNa jagyAe sAMpradAyikatA dekhAtI nathI, paNuM mAnavadharma Tapakato jovA maLe che. temane mArga hiMdu-muslima darekane upayogI thAya tevo che. bhAratanI paraMparAmAM nAnaka A kAraNathI hiMduonA guru ane musalamAnanA pIra tarIke oLakhAya che. . zIkhadharmanI guru paraMparA : guru nAnaka pachI temanI vicAradhArAne bIjA nava guruoe cAlu rAkhI ane zIkha dharmane vyavasthita karyo. guru nAnaka pitAnI pAchaLa koI saMpradAya mUkI javA mAgatA na hatA. paNa potAnuM kArya cAlu rahe te hetuthI guru gAdI pitAnA ziSya lahanAne ApI tenuM nAma "aMgada" rAkhyuM. AthI guru aMgada zIkha dharmanA vikAsamAM bIjA guru tarIke jANItA che. potAnA kAryane lokapriya banAvavA mATe temaNe laMgara(maphata bhejana)nI vyavasthA karI ane gurumukhI lipinI zodha karI. temanI vANI graMtha sAhebanA bIjA mahollAmAM sacavAyela che. amaradAsa e zIkha dharmane trIjA guru tarIke oLakhAya che. teo vaiSNava hatA. temaNe musalamAnonI kanaDagata sAme zIkha dharmanuM cetana TakAvI rAkhyuM. sAdhu saMto mATe annakSetro zarU karyA. paDadAprathA ane satIprathA aTakAvavA prayatna karyo. temanI vANI graMtha sAhebane trIjA mahelAmAM sacavAI che. zIkha dharmanA vikAsamAM cethA guru tarIke rAmadAsa prakhyAta che. teo amaradAsanA jamAI thatA hatA. muslima rAjya sAme Takkara levA mATe temaNe ziSya pAsethI niyamita dakSiNA levI zarU karI. temaNe amRtasaranA sarovarane pAye nAkhyA hatA. temaja harimaMdira bAMdhavAnI zarUAta karI hatI mughala bAdazAha akabara

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zIkha dharma 163 temanA guNothI prabhAvita thayA hatA. temanI vANI graMtha sAhebanA cothA mahellAmAM sacavAyelI che. A gurue gAdIne vAraso ziSyane badale putrane ApavAnuM zarU karyuM; A temanI bhayaMkara bhUla hatI. zIkha dharmanI paDatInAM AnAthI bI vivAyAM. guru ajunadeva zIkha dharmanA itihAsamAM pAMcamA guru tarIke prakhyAta thayelA che. amRtasaramAM hari maMdira baMdhAvavAnuM kArya temaNe pUruM karyuM. A maMdira Aje suvarNamaMdira tarIke oLakhAya che. temanuM bIjuM nedhapatra kArya guMthasAhebanuM saMpAdana che. temaNe potAnI AgaLa thaI gayelA gurunI vANIne graMthastha karavA pratyana karyo. temanI vANI graMtha sAhebanA pAMcamA mahollAmAM saMgrahavAmAM AvI che ane sukhamanInA nAme prakhyAta che. guru ajunadeva pachI temanA putra haragoviMda gAdIe beThA. te chaThThA guru tarIke oLakhAya che. haragovide zIkhone hathiyAra dhAraNa karavAnI preraNuM ApI. bhaktijJAna ane vairAgyanI sAthe zauryane upadeza Apyo. mughala bAdazAha jahAMgIra sAme Takkara lIdhI. zIkhonI ekatA sAdhavA temaNe sakriya prayatno zarU karyA. zIkhone hathiyAra dhAraNa karavAno Adeza Apyo. temanI vANuM graMthasAhebanA chaThThA mahollAmAM goThavavAmAM AvI che. sAtamA guru hararAya bALapaNathI ja saMta hatA. temaNe auraMgajheba sAme 16 varSa sudhI Takkara lIdhI ane zIkha dharmane pracAra karyo. kahevAya che ke zAhajahAMne putra "dArA" A gurune parama bhakta hato. temanI vANu graMtha sAhebanA sAtamA mahelAmAM sacavAyela che. hararAya pachI zIkha paraMparAmAM AThamAM guru tarIke harikRSNa Ave che. temane paNa agAunA guruonI paraMparA TakAvI rAkhI ane bhajana dvArA dharmanA mahimA vadhAryo. temanI vANuM graMthasAhebanA AThamA mahelAmAM sacavAyela che. navamA guru tegabahAdUra zI kha paraMparAmAM nAmAMkita vibhUti manAya che. zAMti ane vairAgyanI teo jIvaMta pratimA hatA. mAnavakalyANa mATe temaNe aneka kuvAo ane sarovara baMdhAvyAM hatAM. cheka AsAma sudhI yAtrA karIne temaNe zIkha dharmano pracAra karyo hato. mughala bAdazAha auraMgajhebe dharmAntara karAvavA A guru para ghaNA atyAcAra karyA, paNa teo potAnA mArgamAMthI calita thayA nahi ane dharmanI vedI upara ja potAnI jAtanuM balidAna ApI dIdhuM. temane upadeza graMtha sAhebanA navamA mahollAmAM sacavAyeluM che.

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164 | gujarAtanA dhAma saMpradAya guru tegabahAdura 5chI chellA ane dasamA guru Ave che gurUgoviMdasiMha. temaNe ghaNuM kumaLI vaye zIkhonuM netRtva lIdhuM. zastra ane zAstramAM pAraMgata thaI temaNe dharmasudhAraNA ane samAja sudhAraNAnuM kArya AraMvyuM. kahevAya che ke dharmathI calita karavA temanA be putrone auraMgajhebe dIvAlamAM jIvatA caNI lIdhA, chatAM teo dharmathI calita na thayA. dhIraja ane karuNA e temanA jIvananI be bAjuo hatI. zIkhone vyavasthita karavA temaNe "khAlasA" nAmanI saMsthA zarU karI. teo kahetA ke tamAro dharma "siMha" dharma che. tethI siMhanuM nAma rAkho. A paddhatimAM temaNe zIkhane pAMca kakko dhAraNa karavAne upadeza Ape. A pAMca kakkA te keza (lAMbAvALa), kaMghI (nAnI kAMsakI), kirapANa (nAnI talavAra), kaccha ane kaDu. A pAMca cihno Aje paNa zIkha dharmanAM Avazyaka aMga gaNAya che. khAlasA paddhatinI sAthe, temaNe guru paraMparA baMdha karAvI ane graMtha sAhebane gurusthAne besADayA. guru nAnaka pachI A badhA zIkhaguruoe zIkha dharmane TakAvI rAkhavA mATe tanatoDa prayatna karyA. dharmakAryonI sAthe sAthe temaNe vAva, kUvA, sarovara ane dharmazALAo baMdhAvI mAnavakalyANanAM aneka kAryo karyA. gujarAtamAM zIkha dharmane prasAra gujarAtamAM zIkhaprajA kaI eka ThekANe samUhamAM vasatI nathI. teo dhaMdhArthe chUTAchavAyA vasatA hevAthI zIkha dharmanAM ke kendro gujarAtamAM astitvamAM nathI. amadAvAda, vaDodarA vagere sthaLoe temanAM gurudvAre AvelAM che. amadAvAdamAM zIkhenAM traNa mukhya gurudvAro (1) sarasapura, (2) maNinagara ane (3) dUdhezvara roDa para AvelAM che. temAM sarasapuravALuM gurudvAra premasabhA akAlIdaLa, maNinagaranuM gurudvAra gurunAnaka darabAra ane dUdhezvara roDa paranuM gurudvAra gurudvArAsIMga sabhAnA nAme oLakhAya che. maNinagara ane sarasapuranAM gurudvArAmAM keTalAka lekha jovA maLe che. temAMthI A gurudvAranI zilAropaNa vidhi tathA pAlakhInA suzobhana aMgenI mAhitI maLe che. * sarasapura bAlApIra vistAramAM AvelA premasabhA akAlI dvArA pravezadvAranI jamaNI bAjue bahAranI dIvAla upara vi. saM. 2027(I.sa 1970)nI sAlane lekha jovA maLe che. lekhanI bhASA dvibhASI che. uparanuM lakhANa aMgrejImAM ane nIcenuM lakhANa gujarAtImAM che. lekhanI zarUAta AzIrvAdathI zarU karela che. paMktionI bane bAjue zIkha dharmanuM maMgala cihna che. lekhane aMte "premasabhA akAlIdala gurudvAra" nAma tenA adhyakSanA nAma tathA hoddo sAthe lakhela che.

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zIkha dharma A lekha dvArA jANavA maLe che ke gurudvArA premasabhA akAlIdala tathA gurunAnaka khAlasA skUla sarasapuranI zilAropaNa vidhi saMtazrI 108 paMDita nehamalasiMdhajI mahArAjanA varada haste vi. saM. 2017nA piSa mAsanI 13 ane I.sa. 1970, DisembaranI ra7 mI tArIkha ne ravivAre karavAmAM AvI hatI. lekhamAMthI dAnanI rakama ane dAtAonAM nAma maLe che. maNinagara pAse punita Azrama najika goLalImaDA vistAramAM AvelA gurudvAramAMthI maLelA lekha gurunAnakanA darabAranI aMdaranI eka pAlakhInI pAchaLanI bAjue katarelA che. A lekha parathI jANavA maLe che ke zrImatI lakSmIbAI bhejarAjamale potAnA patinI yAdamAM pAlakhI ane ArasanA maMcanA suzobhana mATe dAna ApyuM hatuM, A trasya lekho parathI jaNAya che ke gujarAtamAM zIkha dharmane prasAra A sadImAM ja thayelo che. lagabhaga 50 varSa pahelAM A gurudvAra asti tvamAM Avela che. temAM zIkha dharmanA anuyAyIo bhaktibhAve jAya che. tyAM cartha sAheba pUjana, arcana vagere thAya che. kathA-vArtA saMbhaLAvavAmAM Ave che. ahIM graMtha sAhebanI pUjA vaiSNava maMdirane anurUpa thAya che. vAratahevAre bhajane thAya che. prasAda vaheMcAya che. ahIM paNa dAnane mahimA vartAya che. gurudvArAnA nibhAva arthe dAna ApavAmAM Ave che. gurudvArAnuM saMcAlana zIkhonI banelI judI judI kamiTio dvArA thAya che. ahIMnAM lakhANomAM gurumukhI lipine upayoga thayela jovA maLe che. utsavomAM nAnaka jayaMtI ane gurUgoviMdasiMha jayaMtIne utsava bahu ja dhAmadhUmathI UjavavAmAM Ave che. nAnaka jayaMtIne utsava kArtika suda punama ane jeTha suda sAtamanA roja UjavAya che. A divasee e gurudvArAmAM akhaMDa pATha thAya che. hathiyAronuM pUjana kare che. garIbone bhojana apAya che. saMdarbha graMtha (1) De. ha. gaM. zAstrI ane amadAvAdanA gurudvAranA zilAlekha, . bhAratIbena zelata buddhiprakAza, eprila 1981. (2) dalapatasiMha paDhiyAra "gurunAnaka'-gujarAta vidyApITha, 1971 (3) Do. cInubhAI nAyaka ane . --- jagatanA dharmonI vikAsa rekhA. Do. panubhAI bhaTTa amadAvAda. 1964.

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yahUdI dharma yahUdI prajA semeTika jAtInI che. teo pazupAlana arthe judA judA pradezomAM pharatA rahetA. i.sa. pU. 2000nA arasAmAM A prajAe bhUmadhya samudranI pUrve jeDana nadInI pele pAra abrAhama nAmanA agraNIne mArgadarzana heThaLa vasavATa karyo. ahIM teo hibru prajA tarIke oLakhAvA lAgyA. paraMtu I.sa. pUrve bAramA saikAmAM payagaMbara mojhIjha IjiptamAMthI nAsI AvIne pelesTAInamAM vasyA tyArathI pelesTAIna teonI mAtRbhUmi banyuM. A prajAne dharma yahUdI dharma tarIke oLakhAya che. dharmane nAme temane vakhatovakhata mAtRbhUmine tyAga karavo paDyo hovAthI, A prajA samagra jagatamAM chUTIchavAI patharAyelI che. tethI yahUdI dharma hAlamAM kyA vistAramAM savizeSa pracalita che te kahI zakAtuM nathI. hAlamAM I. sa. 1973thI IjharAyela yahUdI prajAnuM mukhya mathaka banyuM che. jagatanA vidyamAna dharmomAM yahUdI dharma ghaNe prAcIna che. tene mukhya deva "yahovAha' nAmathI oLakhAya che. A dharmanA zAstronA vIsa graMtha che. te sarva hibru bhASAmAM lakhAyela che. jUne karAra e A dharmane mahatvane graMtha manAya che. yahUdI dharmanA mukhya deva yahovAhanA nAme jANItA che. A devanuM mukhya sthAna sinAI parvata (Ijipta pAse) hovAnuM manAya che. yahUdIonI mAnyatA pramANe A deva vAdaLo ane vIjaLInA kaDAkAomAMthI utpanna thAya che. AthI te koI AkAzadeva hevAnuM anumAnI zakAya. te phaLadrupatAnA devatA tarIke pUjAya che. yuddhamAM te lazkaranI AgaLa cAle che ema manAya che. A deve payagaMbara mojhIjhane dasa AjJAo ApI hovAnuM kahevAya che. A dasa AjJAo dvArA mejhIjhe lokone sAmAjika anyAyomAMthI choDAvI dharmaniSTha ane zraddhALu banAvyA. yahUdI dharmanA prarvatakee ekezvaravAdane pracAra karyo. temaNe upadeza Apyo ke, samagra vizvane deva eka che. dasa AjJAo dvArA vividha devonI pUjA, khUnAmarakI, vyabhicAra, mUrtipUjA vagerene samAjamAMthI dUra karavAno prayatna karavAmAM Avyo. dasa AjJAo dvArA yahovAhe jaNuvyuM ke "huM ja tAre prabhu chuM. A

Page #176
167 yahUdI dhAma dvArA ekezvaravAdane pracAra thaye. yahUdIoe bAIbalamAM bhagavAnane mAnavI ane pazunA rakSaka tarIke saMbodhyA che. ahIM mAnavI mAnavI vaccenA vyavahAranA niyamo nakakI karavAmAM AvyA che. A yudI prajAnuM bhAratamAM kyAre Agamana thayuM, te aMge judI judI mAnyatAo pracalita che. eka mAnyatA anusAra I. sa. pU. 722mAM eseriyAnA trAsathI bacavA pelesTAIna choDIne keTalAka yahUdIo bhArata AvyA tema manAya che. bIjI eka mAnyatA evI che ke I.sa.pU. 587mAM khAlDIyananA rAjA nebuzadare jhAranA trAsathI bacavA keTalAka yahUdIo bhAratamAM AvyA, to keTalAka mAne che ke I. sa. 70mAM remana samrATa nIcenA senApatie jerusalema jItI letAM ghaNuM yahUdIo bhAratamAM AvyA. A uparAMta bIjI paNa evI anuzruti che ke I. sa. pU. 175mAM IjiptanA grIka rAjavI enTIokase IjharAyela jItatAM yahUdIo vepAra mATe pazcima bhAratanA kaMkaNa kinArAnA thela baMdare UtaryA. bhAratamAM yadIo be jUthamAM AvyA hatA. eka jUtha kerAlAmAM vasyuM, te malayAlama bhASA bolavA lAgyuM. bIju mahArASTramAM vasyuM, te marAThI bhASA bolavA lAgyuM. Ama, A prajA 200 varSa pUrve mahArASTranA kelAbA jillAnA navagAMvamAM vepAra arthe AvIne vasI, briTizakALa daramyAna ghaNuM yadIo lazkaramAM joDAyelA. ghaNuM relavemAM ke anya sarakArI nokarImAM joDAyelA. bhAratamAM kyAre paNa yahUdIonI vastI 3000 karatAM vadhI nathI ane 7000 karatA ochI thaI nathI. gujarAtamAM yahUdIoH ' lagabhaga egaNIsamI sadInI zarUAtamAM yahUdIo gujarAtamAM AvyA hovAnuM manAya che. sUratamAM sthapAyela IsTa InDiyA kaMpanInI keDImAM ghaNuM yadIo kAma karatA hovAnuM anumAna sUratanA jUnA kabrastAnamAM AvelI keTalIka yadIonI kabare uparathI thaI zake che. sUratamAM prArthanAlaya hatuM. hAlamAM tenA kaI avazeSa jovA maLatA nathI. sUratanA kabrastAnamAM AvelI keTalIka yAdI kabaronA lekho hibru bhASAmAM lakhAyela che. mahArASTramAM vaselI bena-IjharAela kemanA mANaso gujarAtamAM 19mI sadImAM AvelA teomAMnA ghaNA muMbaI IlAkAnI lazkaranI TukaDIomAM joDAyela hatA. amadAvAdamAM kenTonamenTa vistAramAM teonuM jUnuM kabrastAna AveluM che. vaDodarA zaheramAM bahAranA kenTonamenTa vistAramAM bene IjharAIla kAmanuM eka kabrastAna AveluM che. banAsakAMThA jillAnA DIsA gAmethI lagabhaga 2.5 ki.mI.nA aMtare kenTonamenTa vistAramAM

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168 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya A kemanuM eka kabrastAna AveluM che. hAlamAM e vistAramAM navuM DIsA vaseluM che. tyAM jUnI kabara upara I.sa. 1886nI sAla vaMcAya che. rAjakoTa ane bhUjamAM paNa yadI kabrastAne che. Ama, ogaNIsamI sadI daramyAna gujarAtamAM jude jude ThekANe yadI koma patharAyelI hatI. gujarAtamAM varSamAM yahUdI kuTuMbanuM vaDumathaka amadAvAda che. I.sa. 1848mAM ahIM mAtra cAlIsa kuTuMba vasatAM hatAM. temAMnA eka Do. abrAhAmAM benjAmIna eruNakara sivila hospiTalanA sarjana hatA. A kuTuMbamAM saMgaThananI preraNA De.erulakare jagAvI. teo hibru bhASAnA niSNAta hatA. pote dharmaniSTha hatA. temaNe potAnA makAnamAM prArthanA khaMDa zarU karela. ahIM sembAtha ane tarAhanA divasoe samUha prArthanA thatI. temaNe amadAvAdamAM jamIna kharIdI hatI. bIjAene paNa jamIna kharIdavA preryA hatA. bIjA eka yahUdI sajajana De. josepha solemana dAMDekara amadAvAdanI gAMDAnI hospiTalamAM I. sa. 1866mAM nimAyA hatA. amadAvAdamAM I. sa. 1911mAM yahUdIonI vastI 306 puruSo ane 276 strIo hatI. amadAvAda zaheranI aMdara khamAsA caMkI pAse I. sa. 1938mAM eka sInegoga bAMdhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. A prArthanAlayanuM nAme mAgena abrAhAma rAkhela che. senegegamAM staMbha vinAne vizALa khaMDa che. bAjumAM koThAra che. gujarAtamAM yahudIonI saMkhyA I.sa. 1948mAM lagabhaga 800 sudhI pahoMcI hatI. paNa have ghaNA yahUdIo navodita IjharAyela dezamAM jaI vasyA hovAthI temanI ahIMnI saMkhyA ghaTIne lagabhaga 250 jeTalI thaI che. yahUdIonI dharmabhAvanA : yahUdIo lagabhaga be hajAra varSathI bhAratamAM judA judA pradezamAM vasatA haI temanA AcAravicAra upara prAdezika asara vartAya che. ahIMnA yahUdIkuTuMbomAM chokarA chokarInA vivAhamAM kei madhyasthI hoya che. chokarAno bApa hekarInA bApa pAse prastAva laIne jAya che. baMne pakSe saMmata thatAM gaLyuM meTuM karAvIne vIMTInI adalAbadalI thAya che. lagna sinegaoNgamAM thAya che. A vakhate karAra thAya che. zarabata apAya che. vara-vadhU aDadhe aDadhe hAle zarabata pIe che. pachI pyAlAne rUmAlamAM mUkIne phoDI nAkhe che. A vakhate junA karAramAMthI dhArmika vAMcana thAya che. maMgalasUtra bheTa apAya che. maMgalasUtrane harjhamIna" (dharmaguru) pyAlAmAM mUkI tenA para dhArmikavidhi kare che. lagna pachI pavitra rAha graMthanA darzana karAvavAmAM Ave che. pachI varakanyA ghera jAya che.

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cahUdI dharma yahUdIo, khristIo temaja musalamAnonI mAphaka zabane daphanAve che. mRtyu samaye dAna puNya karavAno rivAja nathI. zabane snAna karAvI, pavitra vastra paherAvI dhUpa, abIla vagere sugaMdhI padArtho tenA para nAkhavAmAM Ave che. aMtima darzana karAvI mukha DhAMkI devAmAM Ave che. A vakhate saMbaMdhIo zabanI AMkha upara jerusalemanI mATI padharAve che. A pachI prArthanA vagere karIne zabane kabrastAnamAM laI javAmAM Ave che. zabane lai jatAM rastAmAM senegaoNga Ave te tenA bAraNuM AgaLa zabane mUkIne prArthanA karavAmAM Ave che. kabrastAnamAM zabane daphanAvyA bAda, maranAranA saMbaMdhIo sAta divasa sudhI dADhI ke snAna karIne sUtaka pALe che. maraNottara vidhi sAdAithI, ke bhavya rIte thAya che. temAM sthiti pramANe kuTuMbIo phALo Ape che. ahIMnA samAjamAM dhArmika nANAno upayoga ayogya rIte karavAnI vRtti dekhAtI nathI. utsava : A dharmanA be noMdhapAtra utsava bhavya rIte ujavAya che: (1) hanukA-mukti dinanI yAdamAM ujavAya che. (2) rozahazAnA (yahUdInuM navuM varSa) A prajA ghaNI ja dhArmika rIte potAnA utsava Ujave che. A vakhate teo bole che ke "ApaNo Izvara eka ja che." amadAvAdanuM yahUdI sIneroga ane tyAMnuM yahUdI kabrastAna yadIo gujarAtamAM amadAvAda, vaDodarA, sUrata, DIsA, rAjakoTa, vaDhavANa, bhUja vagere sthaLoe chUTAchavAyA vasyA hatA. amadAvAdamAM AveluM senegaoNga e samasta gujarAtanuM eka mAtra senegeAMga hatuM. amadAvAdamAM teonuM kabrastAna pahelAM kenTonamenTa vistAramAM hatuM. hAlanuM kabrastAna dudhezvaranA mArge AveluM che. amadAvAdamAM khamAsA cokI pAse bukhArAnA mahollAmAM Avela yahUdIonA seneganA mukhya daravAjAnI jamaNI bAjue bahAranI dIvAla upara eka lekha hibru, aMgrejI ane marAThI bhASAmAM karela che. lekhane samAveza 10 paMktimAM thAya che. lekhamAM jaNAvyuM che ke "mAgrena abrAhama senegAMga amadAvAdanI A kezilA De. misira AbigAyelabAI be-jAmIna Ayajheka bhanakara ela. sI.pI.esa.nA haste hibru varSa 5694 (isa.1933)mAM sthApavAmAM AvI hatI." A senega(prArthanA maMdira)ne je vyaktinuM nAma ApavAmAM AvyuM che te hai. abrAhama amadAvAdamAM agatyanuM sthAna dharAvatA hatA. temaNe paheluM prArthanAlaya potAnA makAnamAM zarU kareluM.

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170 gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya amadAvAdamAM dudhezvara roDa upara eDavAnsa milanI pAchaLanA bhAgamAM yahUdIonuM kabrastAna AveluM che. emAM zrImatI AbigAyelabAI bhanakaranI kabara che. A kabrastAnamAM lagabhaga 400 jeTalI kabare AvelI che. dalIka kabaramAM mAtra pratIkarUpe paththara UbhuM karavAmAM Avyo che. kabaranA AkAra judA judA che. A kabara upara vyaktinuM janmavarSa ke tArIkha tathA mRtyudina darzAvela che. ghaNI kabare upara hibru ke aMgrejImAM lekha che. A kabaro upara sahuthI vahelAmAM vaheluM varSa i.sa. 1887nuM maLe che. amadAvAda tathA sUratamAM inDe-IjharAyela phrenDazIpa lIga sthApAI che te gujarAtamAM yahUdIo tarapha sadbhAva pragaTe tevuM kArya kare che. saMdarbha graMtha (1) caMdrakAMta paTela IjharAyela, amadAvAda, 1975 (2) gilabarTa ijharAyela ane pelesTAInaanu. hiMmatalAla AzIrvAda viSayaka praznottarI (3) Da. ha. gaM. zAstrI ane (1) gujarAtamAM yahUdIo' pathika, Do. bhAratIbena zelata eprila 1981 (2) yahUdIo ane temane bhAratamAM vasavATa, pathika, jAnyu. 1981 (4) caMdrakAMta paTela amadAvAdamAM yahUdIone pUrva ItihAsa ane sAMskRtika jIvana, guja. vidyApITha, me-jUna, 1982 (5) DaoN. bhAratIbena zelata (1) amadAvAdane yahUdI dvibhASI lekha ane tyAMnuM yahUdI kabrastAna, gujarAta vidyApITha, mArca eprila 1981 (2) yahUdIo ane temane bhAratamAM vasavATa, bu. pra, jAnyuArI 1981

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khristI dharma yahUdI dharma pachI semeTika prajAne bIje noMdhapAtra dharma, te khristI dharma che. A dharmanA mukhya pracAraka Izu khrista kahevAya che. izu pote yahUdI hovA chatAM emaNe mAnavajAtanA kalyANa mATe prayatna karyA. navI vaciArasaraNa pragaTAvI. IsunA janma vakhate pelesTAInamAM cAre bAju ajJAnatA, aMdhazraddhA phelAyelI hatI. dharmaguruo prajAnI ajJAnatAne lAbha letA hatA. Isune janma behema. paragaNAmAM eka garIba kuTuMbamAM thayo hato. temanA janma viSenI aneka daMtakathAo samAjamAM pracalita che. temaNe vanamAM cAlIsa divasa sudhI ciMtana karI "mAra" nAmanA zetAna 5ra vijaya meLavyo hato. temaNe potAne upadeza sAdI ane saraLa bhASAmAM Apyo hato. dhIre dhIre temaNe bAra ziSyonuM maMDaLa. sthApyuM hatuM. temanA upadezathI yahUdI dharmaguruo ghaNA gusse thayA hatA. AnA pariNAme sUbA mAraphate Isune aneka prakArane trAsa ApavAmAM Avyo hato. chevaTe temane vadhastaMbha upara caDhAvavAmAM AvyA hatA. isunuM A balidAna. niSphaLa gayuM na hatuM. je kArya teo potAnA jIvana daramiyAna na karI zakyA te temanA mRtyu bAda thayuM. isunA mRtyu pachI khristI dharmane (khAsa karIne yuropamAM). vyApaka pramANamAM phelA thayo. Isune upadezaH isune upadeza giripravacananA nAme oLakhAya che. temanA upadezano mukhya. sAra A pramANe hato. Izvara manuSya mAtrane premALa pitA che. badhA manuSyo eka ja pitAnAM saMtAna che. garIba, duHkhI, dayALu ane pavitra manavALA dharmarAjyanA adhikArI che. dharma mATe game te kaSTa sahana karavuM paDe to pAchI pAnI karavI. nahi. paisAthI sAcI zAMti maLatI nathI. saMto samAjanA prANa che. IzvaranA niyamonuM pAlana, cAritryanA niyamonuM pAlana tathA ahiMsAnuM AcaraNa karanAra.

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-172 gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya ja izvaranA rAjyanI najIka jaI zake che. mana, vacana ane karmathI vyabhicAra karavo nahi, gujarAtamAM khristI dharmane pracAra : dakSiNa bhAratamAM isunI bIjI sadInA uttarArdhamAM khristIo AvI vasyA hatA. IsunI bIjI sadImAM dakSiNa bhAratamAM khristI carca sthapAyuM hatuM, paNa A samaye bhAratIya prajA upara khristI dharmanI koi asara paDI na hatI. dakSiNa bhAratamAM dhIre dhIre porTugIjhonI vastI vadhatAM khristI dharmane phelAvo thavA lAge. salatanatakAla daramiyAna gujarAtamAM saurASTranA sAgarakAMThe Avela dIva baMdaramAM keTalAka phiraMgIo vasatA hatA. temaNe dhIre dhIre dIva ane damaNuM baMdaramAM pitAnI sattA sthApI. tyAM temaNe khristI dharmanAM devaLo baMdhAvyAM. damaNamAM hAla te samayanuM prAcIna devaLa AveluM che. mughalakAla daramiyAna akabaranA AmaMtraNathI khristI dharma pracArakonuM eka pratinidhimaMDaLa dihI gayuM hatuM. teo tyAM akabaranA darabAramAM i.sa. 1594thI 1619 sudhI rahyA hatA. bAdazAha akabara khristI dharmaguruonI bhAvanAthI ghaNo khuza thaye hato. teNe temane potAnA rAjyamAM vasavAnI chUTa ApI hatI. A mATe teNe i.sa. 1597-98mAM eka khAsa pharamAna bahAra pADyuM hatuM. A pharamAnamAM teNe phiraMgIone khaMbhAtamAM potAnA dharmanuM devaLa bAMdhavAnI chUTa ApI hatI. jahAMgIranA pharamAnamAM phiraMgIone amadAvAdamAM devaLa bAMdhavAnI chUTa ApI hatI (I.sa. 1612) ane trIjA pharamAna dvArA bAdazAha jahAMgIre jhaverIvADamAM pAdarIonuM kaje kareluM makAna temaNe pAchu sAMpavAne Adeza A hato. Ama, mughalakAla daramiyAna khristI dharmane prasAra gujarAtamAM dhIre dhIre vadhavA lAgyo hato. marAThAkAla daramiyAna aMgrejonA Agamanane kAraNe sUrata, bharUca, vaDodarAnI AsapAsanA pradezamAM khristI dharmane phelAvo thavA lAgyo. jema jema aMgrejo gujarAtamAM sattA meLavatA gyA, tema tema khristI mizanarIoe dharmanA nAme dharmAtara pravRtti dvArA gujarAtamAM khristI dharmane ThIka ThIka phelAvo karyo. marAThAkAla daramiyAna gujarAtamAM khristI dharmanI remana kethalika ane proTesTaMTa zAkhAne vikAsa thayo. jema jema khristI dharmane prasAra vadhe, tema tema aMgrejI bhASAne prasAra paNa vadhavA lAge. AnA pariNAme pazcimanA sAhitya ane vijJAnanI

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khristI dhama asarane lIdhe gujarAtamAM sAmAjika ane dhArmika kSetre noMdhapAtra krAMti thai prA A dhArmika sa MsthAone navI daSTie jovA lAgI. khristI mizanarIe e gujarAtamAM pracalita hiMdu dharmAMnI mUrti pUjA temaja temAM vividha devadevIenI pUjAne aMdhazraddhA ajJAnatAmAM ane ghaTAvI, leAkeAne khristI dharma koSTha che ema samajAvI khristI dharmanA pracAra AdaryAM, khristI mizanarIee gujarAtamAM khristI dharmAMnA "sAranI zarUAta saurASTramAMthI karI. A samaye aMgrejoe hiMdue mATe sakhta kAyadA ghaDayA ane khristI thanAra hiMduone kara mAphI temaja khIjI sagavaDatAe ApIne AkarSyA. 103: I.sa. 1841mAM AyalenDanI presbiTerIyana maDaLInI alsTara zALAe jemsa glAsage| ane elekajhAMDara kera nAmanA be khristI pAdarIone gujarAtamAM khristI dharmanA pracAra mATe mekalyA hatA. A pAdarIee rAjakATamAM peAtAnI kAmagIrI zarU karI. A baMne pAdIee grAmya janatAmAM pharI pharIne IsunA jIvana prasaMge vaN vIne, abhaNa prajAne AkarSavA mAMDI. temaNe a MgrejI zALAo dvArA dhArmi ka pracAra zarU karyAM. leAkAmAM dhArmi ka pustake vaheMcavA mAMDayA. I.sa. 1841nA ogasTanI 16mI tArIkhe elekajhAMDara keranuM acAnaka avasAna thatAM,, temanuM kAryAM reva. AdamI DI. glAsageA, reva. jemsa makI, reva. rAkhaTa maha MgamarI ane jemse AgaLa dhapAvyuM. temaNe i.sa. 1843mAM kAThiyAvADamAM vaDIla sabhA nAmanI saMsthA sthApI. A saMsthAe dhIre dhIre khristI dharmAMnA phelAvA karyAM. dhIre dhIre ghaNA lezae khristI dharmAM svIkAryuM. A mizane rAjakeTa, perabaMdara ane dhedhAmAM peAtAnA pracAranAM kendro sthApyAM. i.sa. 1845nA egasTanI 18mI tArIkhe kaizavarAya nAmanA geAMsAie pAdarI glAsageAnA hAthe khApTIjhama saMskAra pAmI khristI dharma svIkAryuM. temaNe khristI dharmanA pracAramAM noMdhapAtra phALA ApyA hatA. I.sa. 1820mAM bAibalanuM gujarAtI bhASAMtara bahAra pADavAmAM AvyuM, i.sa. 1840mAM laMDanathI AvelA laMDana mizanarI sAsAyaTInA reva. viliyama. phAivIra ane jemsa skIpara nAmanA be mizanarIee surata ane tenI AsapAsa-nA pradezamAM khristI dharmAMnA pracAranuM kArya zarU karyuM". A kAmAM reva. viliyama phAIvIre agatyanA bhAga bhajA hatA. temaNe musAnA pavitra graMtha nave karAraneA tarajUmA karIne sUratamAM i.sa. 1828mAM chapAvyuM. ahIM temaNe prAnA ma Mdira sthApyuM. dhIre dhIre khristI sAhityane khaMheLA pracAra thavA lAgyo. ahIM

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gujarAtanA dhama sapradAya mizana hAIskUlanI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI. I.sa. 1864-71 daramyAna reva. viliyama Dikazana A zALAnA prinsipAla hatA. temaNe keTalAka vidyAthI one khristI dharma svIkAravA taiyAra karyA hatA. A samaye muMbaInA dhanajIbhAI navarejIe sUratamAM rahIne khristI dharmanA pracAra karyAM, temaNe vaNukaranAM cheAkarAM mATe zALAo kheAlI, A zALA mAraphate dhaNA vaNakarA khristI banyA. I.sa. 1864mAM gujarAtI, pArasI kheAlImAM navA karArane anuvAda reva. dhanajIbhAI navarAjIe karyA hatA. 174 A pachI laDana mizanarI se|sAyaTIe sUratathI AgaLa vadhIne kheArasadamAM khristI dharmanA pracAranI kAmagIrI AraMbhI. ahIMnA mizananI AgevAnI karlAkasana nAmanA pAdarIe lIdhI. temanA hAthe sahu prathama dehavANu pAsenA gAravAnA khuzAlabhAI nAmanA eka vaNakara khristI banyA. dhIre dhIre khInna keTalAka vaNakara khristI banyA. A sarvane I.sa. 1847mAM kheArasada najIka gheADIka jamIna kharIdIne temAM dhara baMdhAvI karlAkasane vasAvyA. dhIre dhIre dehavANu, ja khusara vagere sthaLe khristI dharmAMnA anuyAyIe vadhavA lAgyA. keTalAka kALI lAe I.sa. 1851mAM khristI dharma apanAvyeA. Ama, khristI dharmAMnA pracAra mATe sthapAyela mahIkAMThA mizane lagabhaga cauda varSa sudhI khristI dharmanA pracAranuM uttama kArya karyu.. dhIre dhIre kheArasadamAM nizALa ane devaLa baMdhAyAM. I.sa. 1847mAM kheArasada najIka khAsIvADAnA pAyA naMkhAyA. khAsIvADImAM aneka khristIe vasavA lAgyA. ahIM khristI dharmAMnA anuyAyIenuM prAcIna kamrastAna AveluM che. I.sa. 1861mAM amadAvAdamAM 'mUra' nAmanA pAdarInI AgevAnI heThaLa khristI dharmanA pracAranA Arabha thayA. I.sa. 1866mAM eka aMgrejI zALA zarU karavAmAM AvI. dhIre dhIre temAMthI I.sa. 1875mAM hAIskUla thaI. I.sa. 1878mAM amadAvAdamAM vasatA khristIenI sa MkhyA alpa hatI. dhIre dhIre temanI saMkhyA I.sa. 1939mAM sArA pramANamAM vadhI. A pachI paNa sa MkhyAmAM noMdhapAtra vadhArA thavA lAgyA. Aje amadAvAdamAM AI. pI. mizana skUla, seMTa jheviyarsa hAIskUla jevI sa MsthAe temaja jude jude sthaLe khristI devaLeA AvelAM che. devaLAmAM vikaTAriyA gArDana AgaLanuM devaLa temaja gujarAta kaoNleja AgaLanu devaLa agragaNya che. A lenDanA vatanI reva. De. jena zileDI AI. pI. mizananA mizanarI hatA. gujarAtamAM 1874thI 1915 sudhI temaNe kAma karyuM. ANu damAM khristI dharmAMnA pracAranuM kAya zileDI nAmanA pAdarIe zarU karyuM. dhIre dhIre ANaMda, naDiyAda,

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khristI dhama 175 vagere sthaLAe khristImenI saMkhyA vadhavA lAgI. I.sa. 1878mAM bhAleja najIka devaLa aMdhAvavAmAM AvyuM. I.sa. 1888mAM 5McamahAla devaLa baMdhAvavAnI pravRtti zarU thaI. A pachI dhIre dhIre bharUca (I.sa. 1886), DIsA (1891), vaDhavANu, kempa (1895), prAMtIja (1895), khaMbhAta (1973) vagere sthaLoe khristI dharma nA pracAra arthe mizaneA sthapAyAM. Ama, 19mI sadImAM gujarAtamAM khristI dharma vyApaka pramANamAM vistaryo. khristI mizanarIoe sUratamAM mudraNAlayanI sthApanA karI. dahevANumAM anAtha Azrama zarU karyAM. judAM judAM kendromAM zALAe sthApI. judA judA sthaLe devaLA baMdhAvyAM. mizanarI pAdarIee sthAnika prajAmAM dharmanA pracAra karavA prAdezika gujarAtI bhASA zIkhI lIdhI. gujarAtI bhASAnuM vyAkaraNa, teneA kAza, gujarAtI vidyAthI ene aMgrejI zIkhavA mATenI taiyAra karyAM. pAThazALA'' vagere temaNe gujarAtamAM khristIonAM vasavATanAM sthaLeA : (1) khAsIvADA (ji. kheDA), (2) rANIpura (ji. kheDA), (3) vAlesapura (ji. kheDA), (4) khaDhANA (ji. kheDA), (5) bhAleja (ji. kheDA), (6) saiyadapura (bhAleja pAse), (7) brukahila (ANu Mda pAse), (8) kerIpura (bArasada pAse, (9) brAunapura (bhAleja pAse), (10) AzIpura (bhAleja tAbe), (11) mahu gamarIpura, (12) hirapura, (13) Telarapura, (14) areTha (ji. sUrata), (15) kIkavADa sUrata pAse, (16) rUsavADa (sUrata pAse), (17) sAMDasapura (beArasada tALe), (18) kheArasada, (19) ANuMda, (20) jhAleAda (ji. pa McamahAla), (21),khaMbhAta, (22) aMkalezvara, (23) jAmanagara, (24) junAgaDha, (25) dAheAda, (26) peTalAda, (27) pArakhaMdara, (28) bhatranAra, (29) vyArA, (30) valasADa, (31) amadAvAda vagere. A samAM sUrata, bharUca, kherasada, ANa Mda, bhAleja, amadAvAda, zAhavADI, ghedhA, rAjakoTa, vagere agragaNya mathaka hatAM. gujarAtamAM khristI mizanarIonuM kArya : gujarAtanA gAmaDAMnI nIcalA varganI vastI vasatI dhIre dhIre pazrimanA raMge raMgAvA lAgI, khristI mizanarIoe peAtAnA kAryanI saraLatA mATe AdivAsInI vastInI vacce zALAe sthApI. nAnAM-meTAM devaLA khAMdhyAM, khristI thanArane vasavATa, nApharI vagerenI suvidhAe karI ApI. zALAe dvArA temanAmAM keLavaNInA pracAra karyAM. A keLavaNInA pratApe AdivAsI jAtienA samAjajIvanamAM

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gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya noMdhapAtra pheraphAra thavA lAgyA. temanA poSAka, AcAravicAra badalAI gayA. khristI bananAra varga aMgrejonuM anukaraNa karI jIvavA lAgyuM. ' gujarAtamAM khristI mizanarIo dvArA aneka ThekANe davAkhAnAM tathA hospiTalo zarU thayAM. A davAkhAnAM gAmaDAMnI prajAne AzIrvAda samAna nIvaDyAM. temaNe sthApela anAthAzramo dvArA aneka anAtha bALakanuM pAlana thavA lAgyuM. khristI bananAra varga mUrtipUjAne virodhI ane IsupremI bane. hiMduo taraphano tiraskAra temanAmAM divase divase vadhAre rUDha thato gayo. temanAM nAma aMgrejo jevAM pADavAmAM AvyAM. temane rAjya taraphathI aneka prakAranI savalato maLavA lAgI. dhIre dhIre temane Agavo samAja astitvamAM AvyuM. khristI saMpradAyanI asarane lIdhe brahmosamAja, prArthanAsamAja jevAM sudhAraka maMDaLo astitvamAM AvyAM. gujarAtanAM noMdhapAtra devaLo H khristI dharmane pracAra vadhatAM gujarAtamAM judA judA ThekANe khristI dharmanAM devaLa (carca) astitvamAM AvyAM. A devaLA khristIonA vizALa samudAyane dhyAnamAM rAkhI bAMdhavAmAM AvyAM. khristI dharmanA anuyAyIo dara ravivAre devaLamAM prArthanA karavA jAya che. lagnavidhi jevA saMskAre ahIM kare che. devaLane vaDe pAdarI sarva vidhi karAve che. kethalika devaLamAM IsunI mAtA merI ane anya saMtonI pratimAo hoya che, gujarAtamAM nIcenAM sthaLoe khristI dharmanAM nedhapAtra devaLo AvelAM cheH (1) ghodhAH gujarAtamAM ghedhA baMdare sahu prathama carca baMdhAyuM hovAnuM manAya che. hAlamAM tenA avazeSo najare paDatA nathI. (2) damaNaH (ji. valasADa)mAM khristI dharmanuM sattaramI sadImAM baMdhAyela eka prAcIna devaLa AveluM che. devaLamAM lAkaDA uparanI kotaraNa ghaNI ja kalAtmaka che. vizALa jagyAmAM sAgara kinAre baMdhAyela A devaLa kalAne eka , sarvottama namUna che. (3) rarata: ahIM I.sa. 1840mAM eka poTujha zailInuM devaLa baMdhAyeluM jovA maLe che (4) borasada: ahIMnuM devaLa I.sa. 1860mAM baMdhAyuM hatuM. tene prakAra gethIka kalAne che. ahIM dara ravivAre prArthanAne kAryakrama rakhAya che. aneka bhAvike

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khristI dharma 177 temAM bhAga le che. carcanI pAse khAsIvADA vistAramAM anAtha khristIo mATe eka anAthAzrama Avela che. (5) rAjakeTa: ahIM I. sa. 1890 mAM gathika kalAnA prakAranuM devaLa baMdhAyuM che. devaLanI bAMdhaNI khAsa noMdhapAtra che. ahIM dara ravivAre prArthanA temaja bAIbalanA adhyayanane kAryakrama rAkhavAmAM Ave che. . (6) porabaMdaraH ahIM 1942mAM baMdhAyelA devaLamAM pUrva ane pazcimanI sthApatya zailInuM mizraNa jovA maLe che. dara ravivAre prArthanAne kAryakrama rAkhavAmAM Ave che. khristI dharmanI ghaNuM dhArmika vidhi ahIM thAya che. (7) amadAvAdaH I. sa. 1965mAM baherAmapurAmAM eka arvAcIna DhabanuM eka devaLa bAMdhavAmAM AvyuM che. amadAvAdamAM mIrajApuramAM gathika kalAnI asaravALuM eka prAcIna devaLa AveluM che. bIjuM eka devaLa vikaToriyA bAga pAse AveluM che. tenI najIka AI. pI. mizana nAme khristI dharmaguruo dvArA saMcAlita eka hAIskUla AvelI che. ahIM dara ravivAre aneka bhAvike Ave che. prArthanA temaja bIjI dhArmika vidhi thAya che. A uparAMta gujarAtamAM naDiyAda, ANaMda jevAM sthaLoe mizanarI maMDaLIoe hospiTale, nizALa vagere zarU karIne uttama sevA bajAvI che. ANaMdanI mizana hespiTala Aje paNa ghaNuM lokone mATe AzIrvAda samAna banI che. amadAvAdamAM saMta phrAnsisa jheviyaranA nAme cAlatI zALA, keleja, gujarAta keleja pAsenI DiviniTI hosTela, mAunTa kAramela hAIskUla vagere noMdhapAtra khristI saMsthAo che. kArmelAITa saMgha ane romana kethalika saMdha sAdhu-sAdhvIomAM hoya che. kArTelAITa sAdhvIoe gujarAtamAM mAunTa kArmela jevI A zikSaNanI saMsthAo vikasAvI che. TUMkamAM, ogaNIsamI sadImAM khristI dharma gujarAtamAM vyApaka pramANamAM vistarele jaNAya che. khristI dharmaguruonuM mukhya kAryakSetra AdivAsI prajA vacce hatuM. AthI sAbarakAMThAnA lusaDIyA gAme, paMcamahAla jillAmAM jhAloda pAse chaTAudepura devagaDhabAriyAnI AdivAsI prajAonA vasavATanA sthaLoe temanAM nAnAM moTAM carca (devaLa) AvelAM che. temaNe aDhAramI ogaNIsamI sadImAM dharmAtara pravRtti AdarI tenA pariNAme pachAta varganA aneka loke khristI banyA. 1 2

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178 gujarAtanA dhama soMpradAya briTiza amala daramyAna A dharma ne rAjya taraphathI khAsa prAtsAhana maLyuM. tene pariNAme aneka ThekANe khristI vasAhatA astitvamAM AvI. anya saMpradAyAnI mAphaka A dharmAMmAM paNa kethalika proTesTa MTa jevA sa MpradAyA astitvamAM AvatAM tenA pracAra gujarAtamAM paNa thavA lAgyA. gujarAtamAM pracalita khristInA dhranA tahevAro gujarAtanA khristIe nAtAla, navu varyAM, pAma sanDe, guDaphrAIDe, IsTara vagere tahevArA bahu ja premathI Ujave che. A sarvemAM nAtAla e temanA agatyanA tahevAra manAya che. Ama, khistI dharmAM samagra vizvanA eka agatyanA dha che. gujarAtamAM tenA vyApaka pramANamAM prasAra thayela che. aneka gAmeAmAM khristI vasAhata jovA maLe che. sadabha graMthA zubhasa deza (1) zrI nagInadAsa pArekha ane IsudAsa kavelI (2) reva. jI. vilsana (3) kemiseriyeTa Commissariat M. S. (4) Dr. R, C, Majumdar (5) lAjarasa tejapALa mAruM RNa (1) History of Gujarat Vol. 2, 3 (2) Imperial Mughal Farmans in Gujarat, Age of Imperial Unity gujarAtamAM khristIma`DaLanA itihAsa

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citra sUci 1. somanAtha maMdira pravezadvAra karI 2. DabhoInA daravAjAnA gALAeAnI aMdara AvelAM ziTape.

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180 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya 3, DeInA daravAjAnI aMdaranA gALAmAM zi9pa, 4. DabhoInA daravAjAnI aMdaranA gALAnAM zi9pe.

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citra sUci 181 5. DabhoInA daravAjAnI aMdaranA gALAnAM zie. 6. DebhoInA daravAjAnI aMdaranA gALAnAM zi.

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182 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya 7. DAInA aMdaranA daravAjAnI aMdaranA gALAnAM zi9. 8. trivikrama viSNu : gaDhI zAmaLAjI,

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- citra sUci 183 9, lakSmInArAyaNa rAdhI vADanI prAcIna pratimA 10. zAmaLAjInA maMdiranuM pravezadvAra,

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184 gujarAtanA dhama saMpradAya 11, dvArakAnuM mukhya maMdira, 12, svAmInArAyaNa maMdira : gAMDala

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citra sUci 13. sAraMgapuranuM svAmInArAyaNanuM maMdira, 14. sUryamaMdira : moDherA

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186 gujarAtanA dhAma saMpradAya 15. sUrya pratimA : kherALu, 16, jainamaMdira : mahAvIra Tempala : kuMbhArIyA,

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citra sUci 17. jainamaMdira : pAlitANA. 18. buddhanI guphA taLAju '..

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188 gujarAtanA dharma saMpradAya 19. cAMpAneranI masjida

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pAribhASika zabdasUci ENGLISH TO GUJARATI Age yuga Grant 61447 Agriculture khetI Historical atihAsika Ancient prAcIna Inscription abhilekha Ancient remains purAvazeSa Jain temple 221742 Architecture 241484 Literary sAhityika capital rAjadhAnI Nich gavAkSa Coins (4531 Religions dhArmika Condition falla Sculpture zilpa cult saMpradAya Shrine 1742 cultural sAMskRtika Social RHCors Document Ezdiaor Temple devAlaya Fort Beeld GUJARATI TO ENGLISH abhilekha Inscription 311912 Ancient atihAsika Historical rAjadhAnI capital Isceli Fort zikhara Shrine khetI Agriculture ley Sculpture gavAkSa Nich saMpradAya cult d!31454 Copper plate sAmAjika social dastAveja Documents sAhityika Literary daMtakathA Legend. sAMskRtika cultural dAnapatra Grant sikako coin. derAsara Jain temple 291144 Architecture dhArmika Religious sthiti condition purAvazeSa Ancient remain

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graMthaparicaya bhAratIya saMskRti dharma pradhAna saMskRti hoi, gujarAtamAM ghaNA prAcInakALathI dharmanuM mahatva svIkArAyuM che. dharma e samAjane prANa che. prastuta graMthamAM gujarAtamAM pravartatA sarva dharmonA prAcInakALathI arvAcInakAla sudhInA vikAsakramanI jhAMkhI karAvI, temanAM vividha maMdira, zika, saMpradAyo, tIrthadhAmo, saMto, prabhAvaka vagerene khyAla ApI gujarAtanI dhArmika sthitinuM citra rajU karavAnA prayatna karela che. TUMkamAM, bhAratIya saMskRtinA abhyAsane anulakSIne taiyAra karela A graMtha gujarAtanA vividha dharmo vize noMdhapAtra mAhitI pUrI pADe che. gujarAtanA dharsasaMpradAya kimata rU. 17=oo