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200
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[JULY, 1898.
II.
254]." - Powlett, Bikanir State, p. 114. Repeated Hindu Usage.
in part in Rajputana Gazetteer, Vol. i., 1879,
p. 194. 1891.-"We saw a little monastery of Atteets, founded by the chiefs ef Bhynsror. It is called
1874. "The Karauli forces onganized in their Jhalaca ... The head of the establishment,
present form by the late Maharaja Mudan Pal a little vivacious, hot, wild-looking being, about
are as follow:- .. . Infantry . . . . sixty years of age, came forth to bestow his
Paltans, 1st, Gol Paltan (under'a 'khAschéla' or blessing and to beg something for his order. He,
household slave; 2nd, under a 'nankerchéla' however, in the first place elected me one of his
or slave holding grant of land; 3rd, under a chelas or disciples by marking my forehead with household slave)."- Powlett, Karanli, p. 40. a tika of bhaboot, which he took from a platter 1878. - "Bakhtawar Singh [of Ulwur) died in made of dhak-leaves, to which rite of inauguration 1815.... Banni Singh, then seven years I submitted with due gravity." - Tod, Rajasthan, old, was accepted as Raja by the Rijpats and Vol. ii., p. 612.
artillery (golandaz) headed by Akhe Singh 1832. It was one day remarked that, when Bankawat and an influential chela or household refreshing in the coond or reservoir, Sirdar Sing slave named Ramů .... Ramo and Ahmad [ob. 1782] did not lay aside his turban, which Bakhsh (Khân, Vakil, afterwards Nawab of provoked a suspicion that he had no hair. The Firozpur and Loharu) each tried to obtain for Rana (R&ja of Mêwår), impatient to get a peep at their respective parties the support of the Dehli the bare head of the son of Chandrabhan, proposed! Resident, Sir David Ochterlony.... Rama that they should push each other into the water. the faithful old chela died in 1825. His son The sport began, and the Dodeah's turban falling Mulla had established a great influence over the off disclosed the sad truth. The jest was, however, young chief, and on the whole this influence was not relished by the Sirdar, and he tartly replied in used for good, for he was kept under restraint and answer to his sovereign's queetion, 'what had compelled to acquire some education. But Mulla become of his hair?,' that he had lost it in his treated him sometimes with such indignity as to service in a former birth as chela by carrying excite the anger of the Rajpats and at last Akbe wood upon his head to feed the flame when his Singh had Mulla murdered to the extreme grief sovereign as a jogi or ascetic performed penance and displeasure of Banni Singh who expelled (tapasya) on the hills of Budrinath .... Chela Akhe Singh from Ulwur." - Powlett, U'leur,p. 23. is a phrase which includes servitude or domestic Copied into Rajputana Gazetteer, Vol. iii., 1880, slavery: but implies at the same time treatment as pp. 185 f. a child of the family. Here it denotes that of | 1878. - "The household slaves or Khawas a servant or disciple." - Tod, Rajasthan, Vol. ii., Chelas [of Ulwur) number about 200.... pp. 527 f. and 528n.
Though known generally as khawas chelas, the 1874. - "The menials (of Bikânir) are heredi- special title of khawas, which is an honourable tary household slaves called 'chelas.' They distinction, enabling the bearer to sit in Darbar are, I believe, never sold by Rajpat families of is borne by only five. Råmd, the faithful Minister distinction, though they often form part of a and adherent of M. R. Bakhtawar and Banni bride's dowry. When not the children of slaves, Singh, is the slave most distinguished in the they have usually been purchased in times of history of the State. His family hold a valuable famine from their storving relations. Their work rent-free grant. Khawls Sheo Bakhsh, Superinis light, and they are generally well treated, and tendent of stables, woods, etc., is at present the sometimes placed in positions of high trust. But chels of most mark. Thâkurs, especially the inferior ones, occasionally When in 1870 the Council of Administration act with much cruelty towards their slaves as was established and a fixed sum assigned for the well as their other dependants. Cholas' who expenses of the palace, the late chief neglected have fled from their masters are to be met with to supply maintenance to a number of the housein British territory, where they often assume the hold slaves, who applied to the Political Agent caste of their foriner owners. The term "chela' | for the means of support. The Council thought signifies disciple rather than slave, and was the opportunity a good one for permanently applied to household servants by the large- reducing the number of slaves in the palace and niinded Akbar ... whether in the use so far diminishing the servile influence which was of this word the Rajpats were taught by Akbar or the cause of much evil. It was consequently le by them, I cannot at present any [here is determined that the complaining chelss should quoted the passage from Blochmann's Ain, i., I either leave the service of the State or enter the
