Aspects of Jaina Monasticism

Author(s): Nathmal Tatia, Mahendramuni
Publisher: Jain Vishva Bharati

Page 66

34 Ganisampada
teacher in all matters.
tha-Bhāsya. He has to train the (iii) Vannasamjalanayā (appreci- disciples who are also, in their turn, ation of merits). It is also four required to fulfil their duties of fold, viz. (a) appreciation of the alleviating the burden of the true merits, (b) expulsion of the teacher and keep the Order away slanderer, (c) encouragement of from disputes, dissensions and the admirer, and (d) rendering ser- quarrels. vice to the elders.
In the Buddhist Vinaya also the (iv) Bhāra-paccoruhaņayā (alle- monks engaged in quarrels and viation of the burden). It is also dissensions are very severely defourfold, viz. (a) bringing back the nounced. In the Malāvagga,? the deserter to the fold, (b) training Buddha expresses his deep disgust the novice in conduct and rules of against such monks. In fact, he begging alms, (c) exerting oneself segregated himself from the Order in the proper service to the sick for some time in Order to ventilate partners, and (d) exerting oneself his displeasure with internal quarceaselessly and in the right manner rels. The following words of the for fostering forbearance and calm- Buddha give full expression to his ness in respect of the disputes that feeling of joy in secluded life away may arise among the partners, be- from such quarrelsome monks. ing free from attachment or hatred aham khu pubbe äkkinno na phāsu and without partiality, cultivating vihāsim tehi kosambakehi bhikkhühi the spirit of equanimity and bhandanakārakehi kalahakārakehi abiding by the rules of jurispru- vivādakārkehi bhassakārakehi sandence.
ghe adhikaranakārakchi so'mhi etarThe student should behave in ahi eko adutivo sukham phāsu such a manner that his partners viharāmi aññatrera tehi kosambashould desist from wordly duels, dis- kehi bhikkhāhi bhandanakārkehi sensions, quarrels, passions, abusing kalahakārakehi vivādakārakchi bhaone another by using second person ssakārakehi sanghe adhikaranakasingular (tumamtumā), so that they rakehi. may fully practise self-restraint, Formerly, beset by those monks self-control, equillibrium and be of Kosambi, makers of strife, vigilant, being engaged in practis- makers of quarrels, makers of dising penance.
putes, makers of brawls, makers of A critical look at the contents legal questions in the Order, I did of this ajjhayaņa (chapter) would not live in comfort; but now that I show that the concept of ganin here am alone with no other, I am living is very broad. In fact, the ganin in comfort, removed from those has to discharge the function of all monks, makers of strife..makers the classes of five ācāryas, viz. of legal questions in the Order. pravrājaka, digācārya, śrutoddeștā, As regards the sampada or the śrutasamuddeșțā and ämnāyārthavā- qualifications of a ganin, it is to be caka as mentioned in the Tattvār- noted that the Head of an Order is