Bharatiya Sanskritino Aatma

Author(s): Kumarpal Desai
Publisher: World Jain Confederation
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/034271/1

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bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA (zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInuM caritra) lekhaka kumArapALa desAI World Jain Confederation

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mahatIya saMskRtino AtmA kumArapALa desAI

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bhaDhatIya saMskRtine Ama (zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInuM caritra vIracaMda gAMdhIe prasiddha karelo 'raDavA-kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSeno nibaMdha') lekhaka kumArapALa desAI World Jain Confederation Mumbai

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Bharatiya Sanskrutino Atma (A Life sketch of Virchand Raghavji Gandhi Ane 'Radva-Kutvani chal vishe no nibandh) by Kumarpal Desai prathama AvRtti : navembara 2009 kiMmata - rU. 100/ 14 prakAzaka : varlDa jaina kanpheDarezana prAptisthAna : varlDa jaina kanpheDarezana mahetA bilDiMga, pahele mALe, rUma naM. 7, 47, nagInadAsa mAstara roDa, phorTa, muMbaI-400 023 Telipheksa : 022 2263 2220 E-mail : worldjaina mtnl.net.in mudrakaH DrIma prinTarsa sAbaramatI, amadAvAda-380 005 mobAIla : 99988 90233 prAraMbhe keTalAMka vyaktitvo evAM hoya che ke jemane vize jema jema vadhu abhyAsa ane saMzodhana karIe, tema tema temanAM vyaktitvanI navI navI kSitijonAM darzana thatAM hoya che. zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlayanA mahAmAtra ane murabbI zrI kAMtilAla korAe eka vAra vIracaMda gAMdhI vize lakhavA mATe AgrahapUrvaka keTalAMka pustako mokalyAM. zrI rAjakumAra jaine emAM vizeSa sAmagrI umerI ApI. pariNAme I. sa. 1885mAM khaMbhAtamAM yojAyelA chaThThA jaina sAhitya samArohamAM vIracaMda gAMdhI vize saMzodhanalekha vAMcavAnuM banyuM. amadAvAdamAM emanI ardhapratimA taiyAra karatI vakhate zilpI sAthe besIne keTalAya kalAko gALyA. emAMya zrAvakanI pAghaDI judI hoya, tethI vIracaMda gAMdhInI pAghaDI meLavavA mATe mahuvAnI AsapAsanA vayovRddha zrAvako pAse gayo ane pAghaDI meLavI. prathama vizvadharma pariSadanI zatAbdI 1993mAM zikAgomAM yojAI, tyAre e dharmapariSadamAM vIracaMda gAMdhI vize pepara rajU karyuM. insTiTayUTa oNpha jainaoNlojI, 'jainA' ane nemu caMdarayA, pravINa sI. zAha (nyUyaoNrka) ane pravINa sI. zAha (naoNrtha kaeNrolinA) jevA mitronA sahayogathI emanA parivArane upayogI thavAnA prayatno karyA. alpa AyuSyamAM aneka viSayo para AgavI chaTA, UMDo abhyAsa ane pravAhI rajUAtathI vaktavya ApanArA vIracaMda gAMdhInuM caritra lakhavAnuM svapna varSothI cittamAM ghUmatuM hatuM ane te varlDa jaina kanpheDarezananA premabharyA Agrahane kAraNe sAkAra banyuM che. A mATe AdaraNIya zrI pratApabhAI bhogIlAla, zrI aruNabhAI mahetA, zrI ena. pI. jaina, zrI eca. esa. rAkA jevA mahAnubhAvono AbhArI chuM. A aMge pustakonA saMdarbha meLavI ApavAmAM sahAyaka evA zrImatI prIti ena. zAha ane zrImatI ilAbahena zAha temaja AmAM madadarUpa thanArA DaoN. bipina dozI tathA zrI maheza gAMdhIno AbhArI chuM. A pustaka dvArA vIracaMda gAMdhInA virATa vyaktitvano vAcakone sparza thaze evI zraddhA che. 1 navembara, 2009 - kumArapALa desAI

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- graMthasahayoga D zrI dAmajIbhAI eNnkaravAlA zrI jAdavajIbhAI eNnkaravAlA prakAzakanuM nivedana jaina dharmanA jyortidhara ane bhAratIya saMskRtinA udgAtA evA vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInI TapAlaTikiTa varlDa jaina kanpheDarezana dvArA rilIjha thaI rahI che tyAre saMsthAne svAbhAvika rIte sArthakatA bharyo anubhava thAya che. vaLI enI sAthosAtha zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInA 'dha yoga philaoNsophI", "dha jaina philaoNsophI' ane 'ananona lAipha oNpha jisasa kreisTa' e traNa aMgrejI graMthonuM samIkSAtmaka saMpAdana pragaTa thAya che temaja bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA' e zIrSake vIracaMda rAdhavajI gAMdhInuM caritra paNa prakAzita thaI rahyuM che. prasiddha sAhityakAra ane jainadarzananA abhyAsI padmazrI DaoN. kumArapALa desAIe A kArya karyuM, te amAre mATe AnaMdanI bAbata che. vaLI A cAreya graMthanA prakAzanamAM zrI dAmajIbhAI eMkaravAlA ane zrI jAdavajIbhAI eMkaravAlAnA sahayoga mATe ame AbhArI chIe. AjathI bAreka varSa pUrve jaina sozyala grupa Ayojita AMtararASTrIya saMmelanamAM bhAratanA prakhyAta baMdhAraNavid zrI nAnI pAlakhIvAlAe kahyuM hatuM ke, 'ekavIsamI sadI e jainonI sadI banaze.' emanI A bhAvanAno paDagho jhIlIne DaoN. ela. ema. siMghavI, zrI sI. ena. saMghavI ane zrI pratApa bhogIlAle deza ane videzanA mitrono sahakAra sAdhIne zrI nAnI pAlakhIvAlAnI e bhAvanA sAkAra karavA mATe prayatna AraMbhyo ane pariNAme varlDa jaina kanpheDarezana saMsthAnI sthApanA thaI. agraNI nyAyavida, samartha tattvavida tathA briTana khAtenA bhAratanA pUrva hAikamizanara evA DaoN. ela. ema. siMghavIe enuM pramukhapada svIkAryuM ane jaina sAhitya ane saMskAranAM viziSTa kAryo karanAra zrI pratApa bhogIlAlane TrasTImaMDaLanA caeNramaeNnano hoddo svIkAravA vinaMtI karAI. Aje A saMsthAnA pramukhapade aneka dezomAM bhAratIya rAjadUta tarIke rahI cUkelA jaina dharmanA abhyAsI evA DaoN. ena. pI. jaina che ane enuM caeNramaeNnapada agraNI udyogapati ane aneka sevAbhAvI saMsthAomAM Arthika sahayoga ApanAra zrI aruNa mahetA saMbhALe che. 2001nI 8mI eprile bhagavAna mahAvIranA 2600mAM janmakalyANaka varSa samaye bhAratanA tatkAlIna vaDApradhAna aTalabihArI vAjapeyIjIe A saMsthAno maMgala prAraMbha karyo. vaLI emaNe evo paNa anurodha karyo ke AjanA jagatane AtaMkavAda, upabhoktAvAda ane dhArmika kaTTaratAvAdathI ugAravA mATe bhagavAna mahAvIrano ahiMsA, anekAMta ane aparigrahano siddhAMta sauthI vadhu kAragata nIvaDI zake tema che ane Ane mATe bhagavAna mahAvIranA saMdezAne vakhatovakhata vizva samakSa 7

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bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA - bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che prastuta karavA A saMsthAe AMtararASTrIya inTarapheda kaoNnpharansa yojavI joIe tevuM sUcana karyuM. Ane pariNAme 200ranI 13-14 eprile nyU jarsImAM yojelA ahiMsA inTaranaeNzanala konpharansamAM varlDa jaina kanphaDarezana sahayogI saMsthA tarIke joDAyuM ane e samaye A saMsthAnuM zrI pratApabhAI bhogIlAle pratinidhitva karyuM hatuM. e pachI teoe laoNsa enjalasa, zikAgo, nyU yaoNrka ane laMDana jevAM zaheromAM mitrone maLIne varlDa jaina kanphaDarezananI racanA karI ane sahue emanA A vicArane vartamAna samayamAM Avazyaka ja nahi, paNa anivArya gaNIne saharSa svIkAryo tathA potAnI rIte pUrNa sahayoga ApavAnI khAtarI ApI. A agAu bhAratIya vidyAbhavane nyU jarsImAM 'ahiMsA varSa nimitte yojelI konpharansamAM paNa varlDa jaina kanphaDarezana enA sahayogI tarIke joDAyuM hatuM. 23nA okTobaramAM laMDanamAM insTiTyUTa oNpha jainolojInI sAthe briTananA hAusa oNpha komansamAM 'ahiMsA divasanI ujavaNInuM Ayojana karyuM. lebara phresa oNpha inDiyAnA ceramena ema. pI. sTIphana pAunDa yajamAnapade hatA ane emAM lebara ane konjharveTiva pakSanA ema. pI. tathA briTana khAtenA bhAratanA kamiznara ronena sena upasthita hatA ane e sahune jaina dharmanAM nava pustako arpaNa karavAmAM AvyAM. e pachI vIracaMda gAMdhInI TikiTa bahAra pADavA aMge bhArata sarakAranI posTala eDavAijharI kamiTI ane saMdezAvyavahAra khAtAnA maMtrAlayanA posTa vibhAge sahayoga Apyo ane tene pariNAme vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInI TikiTa rilIjha thaI rahI che. AnI pAchaLa varlDa jaina kanphaDarezanano hetu e che ke vIracaMda gAMdhI dvArA abhivyakta thayelI jaina dharmanI gahanatA, jaina siddhAMtonI vyApakatA temaja UMDA rASTrapremano khyAla Apavo ane e mArge have pachI pragati sAdhavI, jethI A sadInI ahiMsA, aparigraha ane anekAMtanAM jaina mUlyonI zraddhA dRDha bane. aruNa mahetA (caeNramaeNna : borDa oNpha TrasTIjha) pratApa bhogIlAla (caeNramaeNna emanITsa) ena. pI. jaina (pramukha) eca. esa. rAka (kAryakArI pramukha) (varlDa jaina kanTeDarezana) zatAbdI pUrvenA hiMdustAnanuM citra nihALIe to khyAla Avaze ke briTananI hakUmata heThaLa bhArata kacaDAyeluM hatuM. gulAmane kyAreya potIko avAja hoto nathI. parAdhIna pAse svamAna nahIM, paNa zaraNAgati hoya che. vaLI e gulAmI parAdhIna prajAne vadhu lAcAra, majabura, garIba, zoSita ane pachAta banAvatI hoya che. A e samaya hato ke jyAre bhArata mAtra rAjakIya gulAmI ja nahIM, balake Arthika parAvalaMbana dharAvatuM hatuM. ajJAna ane aMdhazraddhAne kAraNe sAmAjika rUDhio satata phUlatI-phAlatI hatI. mAthuM UMcakIne nahIM paNa mAthuM nIcuM nAkhIne hiMdustAnanI prajA AvatI hatI. A samaye vIracaMda gAMdhInA rUpe eka bhAratIya avAja potAnI bulaMdI sAthe pragaTa thayo. bhAratanAM prAcIna graMtho, mUlyo ane vicAronI chaDecoka hAMsI uDAvatA A samaye vIracaMda gAMdhIe svadezamAM ja nahIM, balka videzamAM bhAratIya zAstragraMthomAM rahelI vaicArika ane AdhyAtmika jJAnasamRddhinI samaja ApI. vedonI mahattA , tattvajJAnanInI gahanatA ane enI jJAnagarimAM pragaTa karyo. je samaye bhAratIya samAjane jaMgalI, pachAta, rUDhigrasta, vahemI ane nirmAlya darzAvAto hato te samaye vIracaMda gAMdhIe darzAvyuM ke pazcimamAM jyAre jJAnano prakAza nahoto tyAre bhArata jJAnopaLa hatuM. je dharmakyiA ane sAmAjika prathAne kAraNe bhAratane pachAta darzAvavAmAM Ave che e dharmakriyA ane sAmAjika prathAnI pAchaLanAM gahana marma ane vaijJAnika rahasyane emaNe - 9

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bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA pragaTa karyAM. jene rUDhi ane vahema mAnIne videzIo majAka karatA hatA eno emaNe sabaLa pratyuttara Apyo. hiMdustAnanI prajA nirmAlya che evo cArebAju apapracAra karavAmAM Avyo hato tyAre vIracaMda gAMdhIe kahyuM ke A prajA to atyaMta samartha, zaktivAna ane saMskRtisamRddha che paraMtu ene vize duSpracAra karIne ene nirmAlya darzAvavAmAM AvI che. je samaye khristI mizanarIo bhAratIya dharma, samAja ane saMskRti para Ayojanabaddha AghAta karatA hatA ane e mATe videzamAMthI anargaLa saMpatti AvatI hatI enI sAme vIracaMda gAMdhIe pracaMDa pokAra karyo. emanI nirbhayatA to evI hatI ke khristI mizanarIo samakSa ane khristI samAja samakSa emaNe hiMdustAnamAM cAlatI emanI vaTALapravRtti aMge spaSTa dRSTAMtasahita, hRdayasparzI ane chatAM pUrepUrA saccAIbharyAM pravacano ApyAM. mizanarIoe kluSita karelI hiMdustAnanI chabInI pAchaLanA emanA ayogya irAdAone pragaTa karyA. emanI prabaLa rASTrabhaktie jagatane jaNAvyuM ke bhArata pAse ahiMsAnuM apUrva baLa che ane e mahAvIranI ahiMsAnI zaktithI svataMtratA meLavaze. emaNe amerikA ane iMglaeNnDanA zrotAjano samakSa potAnA videzapravAsomAM 650 jeTalAM vaktavyo ApyAM ane pratyeka vaktavyamAM viSayanI navInatA, prastutinI pravAhitA ane potAnA abhyAsa aMgeno AtmavizvAsa pragaTa karyAM. vizvadharma pariSadamAM Avo, AjathI ekaso soLa varSa pUrve amerikAmAM sarjAyelI bhAratIya saMskRtinI mahAna gauravagAthA samI aitihAsika ghaTanA para kALanA paDadAne haTAvIne jarA najara karIe. vAta to evI hatI ke 1493mAM amerikA zodhanAra kaoNlambasanI cothI zatAbdInI pUrNAhutinA saMdarbhamAM pazcimanA dezoe ane vizeSa karIne amerikAe bhautika pragatinI haraNaphALa darzAvavA mATe bhavya Ayojanono upakrama yojyo. Ane mATe I. sa. 1893mAM amerikAe potAnI bhautika pragatinA mahimAgAna mATe 'varlDa kaoNlambiyana eksapojhizana' nAmanA bhavya 10 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA kAryakramanuM Ayojana karyuM. A Ayojano pAchaLano hetu pazcimanI saMskRtie prApta karelI apratima siddhio jagatanI anya 'pachAta' saMskRtione darzAvavAno hato. A virATa AyojanamAM vizvanI bhinna bhinna vicAra-dhArAone pratinidhitva ApavA mATe varlDa pArlAmenTa oNpha rilijiyansanuM Ayojana karavAmAM AvyuM. aDhI mahinA sudhI karAyelA vizvadharma pariSadanA kAryakmonI mAhitI ApatI 130 pRSThanI pustikA pragaTa karavAmAM AvI. zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI vizvanA itihAsamAM AvI pariSadonA ullekho maLe che paraMtu eka ja sthaLe ATalA badhA dharmanA agraNIo ekatrita thaIne nirbhIka rIte svadharmanuM darzana-ciMtana pragaTa kare tevuM A sarvaprathama Ayojana hatuM. bhautikatAmAM rAcatA asahiSNutAbharyA vizvamAM ATalA badhA dharmo ekasAthe eka maMca para besIne vAta kare ane temanI rajUAta anya dharmIo ekAgratAthI sAMbhaLe tevI zakyatA ane saphaLatA aMge ghaNA loko sAzaMka hatA. vaLI keTalAka khristI pAdarIo ane turkastAnanA sulatAne A pariSadano virodha karyo hato. A pariSadamAM vizvanA mukhya dasa dharmone sthAna ApavAmAM AvyuM, jemAM yahUdI, muslima, bauddha, hiMdu, tAo, kanphyuziyasa, zito, jarathuSTra, kethaoNlika ane pyoriTanano samAveza karavAmAM Avyo. vizvadharma pariSadanA Ayojakoe vizvanA dharmo vacce samajaNa keLavIne saMvAda racavAno Azaya jAhera karyo hato, paraMtu enA hArdamAM jaIe to eno eka Azaya anya dharmonA saMdarbhe khristI dharmanI sarvoparitA puravAra karavAno hato. ahIM sarva dharmonI saMskRtionuM milana yojyuM hatuM, paNa enA kendramAM to jisasa krAisTanA saMdezane sthApavAno hetu hato. - II

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* bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che bhAratIya saMskRtinI prabhAvaka rajUAta I. sa. 1893nI 11mI sapTembare amerikAnA zikAgo zaheranI ATsa insTiTayUTanA kolambasa sabhAgRhamAM traNa hajAra zrotAjanonI upasthitimAM sattara divasa cAlanArI vizvadharma pariSadano prAraMbha thayo. AmAM hiMdu samAjanA svAmI vivekAnaMda, jaina dharmanA vIracaMda gAMdhI, brahmosamAjanA pratApacaMdra majumadAra, zrIlaMkAthI bauddha dharmasabhAnA maMtrI eca. dharmapAla, brahmosamAjanA pratinidhi zrI bI. Ara. nAgarakara, pUnAthI AvelA khristI dharmanA pratinidhi ku. jina sorAbajI, alhAbAdanA thiyosophI vize vaktavya ApavA AvelA sI. ena. cakvartI, paMjAbanA rAja rAma, madrAsanA revanDa morisa philipsa ane jiMdA rAma ema dasa vyaktio vizvadharma pariSadanA prAraMbhaTANe maMca para birAjamAna hatAM. A pariSadamAM pahelI vAra amerikAnA nUtana vizvane bhAratIya darzana, bhAratIya mUlyo ane bhAratIya saMskRtino daDha avAja sAMbhaLavA maLyo. vizvadharma pariSadanA udghATana samArohamAM prathama pravacana ApanAra brahmosamAjanA kuzaLa ane chaTAdAra vaktA pratApacaMdra majumadAre eka vAta para bhAra mUkyo ke ame bhale vividha dharmanA pratinidhi hoIe paNa bhArata amAro deza che ane bhAratathI AvelA tamAma pratinidhioe potAnA dharmanI vAta karavAnI sAthosAtha eka avAje rASTrabhakti pragaTa karI, svAmI vivekAnaMde vizvadharma pariSadamAM karelI prabhAvaka rajUAta avismaraNIya itihAsa banI gaI. 'sisTarsa eNnDa bradharsa oNpha amerikA' ema kahIne potAnA AgavA saMbodhanathI sahunAM mana harI lIdhAM. e pachI bhautikatAno guNa gAvA nIkaLelI pariSadane emaNe AraMbhe ja bhAratIya AdhyAtmika bhAvanAnAM darzana karAvyAM. evI ja asAdhAraNa siddhi vizvadharma pariSadamAM jaina dharmanA pratinidhi vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhIe meLavI. zikAgonI ArTa insTiTayUTa : vizvadharma pariSadanuM sthaLa jhabhbho, kharbha dhoLI zAla ane pagamAM dezI AMkaDiyALAM pagarakhAM paheryA hatAM. UMcuM bharAvadAra zarIra, sudaDha bAMdho, tejasvI AMkho, hasato cahero ane pratibhAsaMpanna zAMta prakRtithI vizvadharma pariSadanI pahelI haroLamAM beThelA vIracaMda gAMdhI emanA bhAratIya pozAkathI ja judA tarI AvatA hatA. A yuvAnanI vidvattA, abhyAsazIlatA, tATasyavRtti, anekAMtaSTi, bhAratIya itihAsa ane samAja vizenuM UMDuM jJAna tathA agharA dhArmika siddhAMtone videzIo paNa samajI zake e rIte rajU karavAnA kauzala para Ayojako ane zrotAjano mugdha thaI gayA. eka amerikana akhabAre lakhyuM, pUrvanA vidvAnomAM rocakatA sAthenuM jaina yuvakanuM jainadarzana ane cAritra saMbaMdhI vyAkhyAna jeTalA rasathI zrotAoe sAMbhaLyuM, eTalA rasathI teoe bIjA koI pIrasya vidvAnanuM sAMbhaLyuM na hatuM." vIracaMdabhAIe jaina dharmanA siddhAMtonI evI vidvattApUrNa chatAM sAhajikatAthI prastuti karI ke keTalAMka akhabAroe emanuM pravacana akSarazaH pragaTa karyuM. jaina dharmanI paribhASA saraLatAthI samajAvavAnI anerI khUbI emanI pAse hatI. vAtane ke vigatane tArkika mAMDaNIthI spaSTa karavAnI emanAmAM kSamatA hatI. eka bAju potAnI vAtane, mUlyane ke siddhAMtane vyApaka mAnasamRSTi 29 varSanA yuvAna vIracaMda gAMdhInI vidvattA ane vAgdhArAe sahune stabdha karI dIdhA. mAthe sonerI kinArIvALI kAThiyAvADI pAghaDI, lAMbo

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA - 2 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " samajAvatA jAya ane bIjI bAju enuM maulika arthaghaTana ApatA jAya. bhAratIya darzana samajAvavA mATe saMskRta ane prAkRtano abhyAsa ja pUrato nathI, badhe bhAratanI bhUtakAlIna saMskRtinA saMdarbhane AtmasAt karavAnI jarUra rahe che. vIracaMdabhAIe A AtmasAt karyuM hatuM. AthI ja kyAMka e jaina lAge che, kyAMka vaidika dharmanI ke hiMdu tahevAronI taraphadArI kare che. e je kaMI dalIla karatA hoya ke pramANa ApatA hoya, paNa badhe ja e bhAratIya saMskRtinA utkRSTa udgAtA lAge che. viSayanuM vyApaka vizva vIracaMda gAMdhInI vANImAM pothI paMDitanuM zuSka pAMDitya nahotuM, paraMtu gahana abhyAsa uparAMta emanI pAse tarkapUrNa dalIlazakti, aitihAsika saMdarbho temaja rASTranI pravartamAna dhArmika ane sAmAjika paristhiti vizenI samajaNa hatI, vakhata Avye koI muddA para prabaLa virodha karIne spaSTa AlocanA karavAnuM khamIra hatuM. vaLI bhAratIya jIvanazailI pratye sanniSTha, abhyAsapUrNa Adara ane parAdhIna bhAratanI kaparA saMjogomAM paNa garimA jALavavAnI rASTrabhakti utkaTapaNe emanA hRdayamAM vahI rahI che. A ogaNatrIsa varSanA yuvAnano viSayavyApa joIne ApaNe maMtramugdha thaI jaIe. keTalA badhA viSayo ane enuM kevuM talasparzI adhyayana ! jainadarzana vize emanI vAdhArA akhkhalita vahetI lAge che. vaLI vakhata Avye jainadarzananA koI siddhAMtanI bauddhadarzana ke vedAMtadarzana sAthe tulanA-vaiSamya rajU kare che. emaNe sAMkhya, yoga, nyAya, mImAMsA ane vaizeSika jevAM bhAratIya darzanono UMDo abhyAsa karyo che. ane e vizenAM emanAM pravacano jainadarzananAM pravacano jeTalAM ja pramANabhUta ane abhyAsaniSTha lAge che. mAtra darzanonI tattvavicAraNA sudhI ja vIracaMda gAMdhInuM vizva sImita nathI. vartamAna rAjakIya, sAmAjika ane Arthika pravAho vize talasparzI jJAna dharAve che. parAdhIna bhAratanI karuNa sthiti, zAsaka briTana dvArA thatuM bhAratanuM zoSaNa tathA enI sAthosAtha pAzcAtya jIvanazailIno emane sAkSAt paricaya che. teo yogapraNAlI vize vistRta vaktavyo Ape che paNa enI sAthosAtha hipnoTijhama, gUDha vidyA (okalTa pAvara), zvAsanuM vijJAna, - 14 - zikAgonI 1893nI viAdharma pariSada : prathama haroLamAM beThe lA zrI vIracaMda gAMdhI - 15

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* bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che - bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " AhAravijJAna, gAyanavidyA, mAMsAhAranAM bhayasthAno, AbhAmaMDaLa jevA viSayo para prabuddha videzI zrotAo samakSa vaktavya Ape che. | 'hiMduonuM prAgaitihAsika jIvana', 'bhAratamAM lagnano darajjo', 'bhAratamAM strIonI sthiti', 'bhAratIya prajAnA sAmAjika rItarivAjo' tathA 'hiMdu strIo - bhUta, vartamAna ane bhAvi' jevA sAmAjika viSayo para emaNe pravacano ApyAM che. hiMdustAnanI vartamAna rAjakIya paristhitithI teo pUrA abhijJa hatA ane tethI 'bhAratanI rAjanaitika avasthA, 'rAjakIya bhArata - hiMdu, muslima ane aMgreja' tathA 'amerikana rAjanIti para vartamAna sAmAjika kAyadAno prabhAva" jevA viSayo vize vaktavya Ape che. e samaye parAdhIna bhArata nirdhana, pachAta ane zoSita avasthAthI pIDAtuM hatuM. tyAre vIracaMda gAMdhIe ati samRddha evA amerikAne bhArata pAsethI keTalI badhI vaicArika, AdhyAtmika ane jIvanaghaDatara karanArI samRddhi maLI zake tema che enI vigate rajUAta karI. emaNe 'bhAratano amerikAne saMdeza" athavA 'bhAratanI amerikAne bheTa" jevA viSayo para maulika vyAkhyAno ApyAM. 'amerikAnI strIoe TopImAM pakSInAM pIMchAM na rAkhavAM joIe." evA viSaya para paNa emaNe vyAkhyAna ApyuM che. A badhuM jotAM ema lAge che ke vIracaMda gAMdhInI virATa pratibhA aneka viSayo ane kSetromAM saphaLapaNe viharI zakatI hatI. hiMdustAnanI cAritrazIla strIo ane vinamra puruSo eno hRdayasparzI paricaya to vizvadharma pariSadanA 14mA divase laMDananA 2varanDa jyaoNrja epha, penTA korTe hiMdu dharma para karelA AkSeponA vIracaMda gAMdhIe ApelA sabaLa pratyuttara parathI maLe che. revanDa penTAkosTa AkSepAtmaka rIte Armaka bhASAmAM hiMdu dharma para anaitikatAno AkSepa mUkatAM kahyuM, A dharmamAM vezyAone pUjAraNa banAvavAmAM Ave che ane te pUjAraNa hoya to paNa vezyAnuM kAma karatI hoya che." revanDa jyorja epha. penTAkosTa ApelA A pravacanano vizvadharma pariSadanA caudamA divase vIracaMda gAMdhI 16. zikAgonI vizvadharma pariSadamAM bhAga lenArA isTa inDiyAnA pratinidhio narasihA cArI, ela. narena, svAmI vivekAnaMda, eca. dharmapAla ane vIracaMda gAMdhI sacoTa, tarkabaddha ane virodhIne cUpa karI de tevo uttara Ape che. A pariSadamAM svAmI vivekAnaMda, pratApacaMdra majumadAra jevA hiMdu dharmanA pratinidhio hovA chatAM vIracaMda gAMdhIne mAthe Ano uttara ApavAnuM Ave che. teo kahe che ke huM je dharmano pratinidhi chuM, enI koIe TIkA karI nathI , paraMtu huM je samAjamAMthI AvuM chuM tenI TIkA karI che. dareka dezamAM dharma hovA chatAM AvAM dUSaNa pravartamAna hoya che. tenAthI dharmane nIco na gaNI zakAya. e pachI vIracaMda gAMdhI khristI dharmanA pracAraka pAdarIo para kaTAkSa karatAM kahe che ke keTalAka ati mahattvAkAMkSI loko potAne senTa pola mAne che ane dhAre che ke teo icchaze te thaze. AvA pola bhAratanA lokonuM sAmUhika dharmAtaraNa karavA prayatna kare che, paraMtu e pachI emanAM svapno viphaLa jatAM teo bhAratathI pAchA AvIne AkhI jiMdagI hiMdu dharmanI niMdA karavAmAM ghaNI nAkhe che. vIracaMda gAMdhI ahIM eka mArmika ane sacoTa vicAra Ape che. teo kahe 17

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che che ke koI paNa dharma para AkSepo karavA e dalIla gaNAya nahIM ane svadharmanI AtmaprazaMsA e satyano purAvo manAya nahIM, pAdarI penTAkosTanI AvI TIkA pratye mane khUba dayA Ave che. ema kahIne teo spaSTatA karatAM kahe che ke dakSiNa bhAratanAM keTalAMka hiMdu maMdiromAM amuka prasaMgoe strI-gAyikAone saMgIta mATe nimaMtraNa ApavAmAM Ave che e sAcuM ane AmAMnI keTalIka zaMkAspada cAritrya dharAvatI hoya che, A bAbata hiMdu samAja jANe che ane tethI A aniSTane dUra karavA mATe saghaLA prayatno paNa kare che. A strIone maMdiranA mukhya bhAgamAM praveza ApavAmAM Avato nathI ane pUjAraNonI je vAta karavAmAM Ave che, to himAlayathI mAMDIne kepa komorina sudhI kyAMya eke mahilA pUjAraNa nathI. jo AvA AkSepo pramANeno samAja hiMdu dharma saryo hota to A dharme kayA baLe evA samAjanuM nirmANa karyuM haze ke jene mATe grIka itihAsavettAe kahyuM, koI hiMdune asatya bolato jANyo nathI ane koI hiMdu strI kyAreya apavitra hoya evuM jANyuM nathI." ATaluM kahyA pachI vIracaMda gAMdhIe prabaLa TaMkAra karyo ke hiMdustAnanI jevI cAritrazIla strIo ane vinamra puruSo Ajeya bIje kyAM jovA maLe che ? potAnA vaktavyanA aMtima bhAgamAM vIracaMda gAMdhI kahe che ke, "jeo bhAratanI AvI niMdA kare che, temane mATe huM atyaMta dilagIrI anubhavuM chuM. paNa mArA mATe sAMtvanArUpa bAbata e che ke emane maLatI mAhitI cheka trIjA ke cothA sota (phortha baeNnDa inpharmezana)mAMthI maLelI hoya che. je vAstavika satya karatAM vahemo ane mAnyatAothI khacita hoya che." sarvatra dharmAdara para dharmanI niMdA karavAnI pAdarInI TIkAno spaSTa uttara ApavA sAthe eka prasaMga kahIne vIracaMda gAMdhIe dharmo dharmo vacce paraspara thatA AkSeponI vyarthatA batAvI. anekAntadRSTinA ArAdhaka evA jaina dharmanA pratinidhi vIracaMda gAMdhI pAse matasahiSNutA, udAra dRSTikoNa ane parasparane pAmavAnI bhAvanA hoya * bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che e svAbhAvika hatuM. jANe e bhAvanAno paDagho pADatA hoya tema vIracaMda gAMdhIe vizvadharma pariSadamAM dharmo dharmo vacce paraspara AdarabhAvanAno abhigama rajU karyo. emaNe eka hRdayasparzI dRSTAMta ApyuM. muslima yAtrALuonuM eka jahAja haja karavA mATe makkA jatuM hatuM. rastAmAM porTugIjhoe e vahANane AMtarIne kabaje karyuM. vahANamAM karelI lUMTane pariNAme maLelA sarasAmAnamAM pavitra kurAnanI keTalIka prato hatI, je kUtarAonA gaLe bAMdhIne emane oramujha zaheranI zerIomAM pheravavAmAM AvyA. banyuM evuM ke porTugIjhoe kabaje kareluM jahAja samrATa akabaranA sainikoe pakaDyuM ane emane emAMthI bAibalanI keTalIka prata maLI. akabara enI mAtAne cAhato hato ane enI mAtA custa musalamAna hatI. emaNe jyAre jANyuM ke khristIonA hAthe pavitra graMtha kurAnanuM apamAna thayuM che tyAre eNe vicAryuM ke e kabara bAibala sAthe e ja rIte vartAva kare. A samaye akabare kahyuM, "mAtA, pelA ajJAnI loko pavitra kurAnanI mahattA samajatA nahotA, emaNe dAkhavelI vartaNU ke e emanI ajJAnatAnuM kAraNe hatI, paNa huM to kurAna ane bAibala baMnenI mahattAthI paricita chuM, AthI huM e ezAnI loko jevo vyavahAra karI zake nahIM." bhrAMta dhAraNAo para AghAta vIracaMda gAMdhIe A mArmika dRSTAMta dvArA sabhAgRhamAM eka unnata vAtAvaraNa sarjI dIdhuM. vIracaMda gAMdhIe pAdarI penTAkosTanA AkSepono Apelo javAba e eka bhAratIya vidvAna ane dharma vicArake Apelo uttara che. AkSepo, apazabdo ane prahArono pratyuttara kevI svasthatA ane ziSTatAthI ApI zakAya e vIracaMda gAMdhIe darzAvyuM. emanA hRdayamAM dezanI parAdhInatA zULanI mAphaka bhoMkAtI hatI. aneka khristI sajjano sAthe gADha maitrI hovA chatAM bhAratamAM vaTALapravRtti karatA mizanarIonI kAmagIrI sAme vIracaMda gAMdhI satata prabaLa virodhanA avAja uThAvatA rahyA. A mizanarIoe pracArajALa racIne hiMdu dharma, samAja ane mUlyo e traNe para prahAra karyA hatA tyAre vIracaMda gAMdhIe 19

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " videzavAsI khristI samudAyanI samakSa potAnA dezanI satya hakIkato prastuta karIne amerikA ane briTananA lokonA manamAM ThasAvavAmAM AvelI bhrAMta dhAraNAo para kuThArAghAta karyo. e samayanA pariprekSyamAM joIe to vIracaMda gAMdhI, svAmI vivekAnaMda ane mahAtmA gAMdhI - A traNe prabhAvaka puruSoe bhAratamAM cAlatI khristI pAdarIonI dhamatara-pravRtti sAme tIvra Akroza sAthe virodha vyakta karyo che. e noMdhavuM ghaTe ke tema chatAM amerikA ane briTananA ghaNA khristI mahAnubhAvo A traNe mahApuruSonA sAthIo ke anuyAyIo banyA hatA. vIracaMda gAMdhIe vizvadharma pariSadamAM 25 sapTembare A pratyuttara Apyo ane 26 sapTembaranA 'zikAgo TAimsa' akhabAre potAnI noMdhamAM lakhyuM, bhAratamAM chasso jeTalI pUjAraNo che je vezyA che !" ema kahIne revaranDa jyaoNrja epha, penTAkosTa nimna kakSAnI bhASA prayojIne bhAratanI aghaTita TIkA karI, "AvI malina irAdAvALI TI kAno jaina dharmanA pratinidhi vIracaMda gAMdhIe tArkika ane garimApUrNa pratyuttara vALyo." AvI noMdha karIne A akhabAre vIracaMda gAMdhInuM pravacana akSarazaH pragaTa karyuM. jaina dharmano pahelo avAja vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhIe vizvadharma pariSadanA paMdaramA divase jaina dharma paranuM potAnuM mukhya vaktavya rajU karyuM. svAmI vivekAnaMde noMdhyuM che ke vizvadharma pariSadanA yoja ko dvArA pUrvanA vidvAnonAM pravacano divasanA kAryakramanA aMta bhAgamAM rAkhavAmAM AvatAM, je thI zrotAo jijJAsAbhera besI rahe. vaLI bhAratIya vaktAonAM pravacano pUrAM thatAM ardhA ke poNo khaMDa khAlI thaI jato. potAnA pravacananA prAraMbhe ja vIracaMda gAMdhI bhAratane dharmonI jananI tarIke oLakhAve che. e samaye eka evI bhrAMta mAnyatA pravartatI hatI ke jaina dharma e bauddha dharmano eka phAMTo che. potAnA vyAkhyAnanA prAraMbhe ja vIracaMda gAMdhI spaSTa kare che ke jaina dharmanuM AcArazAstra bauddha dharma jevuM che, paraMtu AdhyAtmika tattvonI dRSTie te enAthI bhinna che. vaLI jaina dharma e bauddha dharma karatAM ghaNo prAcIna ane svataMtra dharma che. Aje bhAratamAM jaina dharmane pALanArA enA zAMticAhaka ane kAyadApAlaka anuyAyIo maLe che. vIracaMda gAMdhI jemanI + bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " preraNAthI jaina saMghanA pratinidhi tarIke ahIM upasthita thayA che, te munirAja zrI AtmArAmajI mahArAjane (pU. zrI vijayAnaMdasUrijI) vaMdanA kare che. jANe guruvaMdanA karatA na hoya ! vIracaMda gAMdhIe dAkhavelI gurubhakti vizvadharma pariSadanA zrotAjanone sparzI gaI. ApaNane jJAna ApanArI vyakti upasthita na hoya tyAre kevA AdarapUrvaka smaraNa karavuM joIe enuM udAharaNa vIracaMda munirAjazrI AtmArAmajI mahArAja gAMdhIe pUruM pADyuM. AmAM sahue (zrI vijayAnaMdasUrIzvara jI mahArAja) bhAratIya paraMparAno sparza anubhavyo. vIracaMda gAMdhInA jainadarzana viSayaka pravacananI vizeSatA e hatI ke emaNe saraLa, prAsAdika ane sahu zrotAone samajAya e rIte jaina dharmanA siddhAMto prastuta karyA. Ama karIne svadharmanI atiprazaMsA dvArA AtmazlAghAmAM lapasI paDanArA ghaNA vicAra kone emaNe vivekabharyo mArga cIMdhI Apyo. jainadarzananI samajAvaTa karatI vakhate emaNe paribhASAno upayoga karyo che, paNa e paribhASAne evI rIte prayoje che jethI e vAta ke vicArane sahu koI samajI zake. sUkSma ane tArkika tatvajJAna nizcita samayamaryAdAmAM vaktavya ApavAnuM hovAthI emanA vaktavyamAM tArkikatA ane pRthakkaraNavRtti jovA maLe che. emaNe kahyuM, jaina dharma vastune be dRSTithI jue che. eka dravyAyArthika naya ane bIjI paryAyArthika naya. dravyAyArthika nayane mate vizva Adi ane aMta rahita che paNa paryAyArthika nayane mate dareka kSaNe udbhava ane nAza thAya che. - 21

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA jaina praNAlIne be bhAgamAM vaheMcI zakAya. paheluM zrutadharma ane bIjuM cAritradharma. zratadharmamAM aMtargata nava tattvanA prakAro, cha prakAranA jIva ane cAra prakAranI gati darzAvela che. nava siddhAMtomAM paheluM AtmA che. jaina dharma pramANe AtmA eka evuM sattva che ke je samaje che, vicAre che ane anubhave che. jIvamAM sauthI divya AtmA che. AtmAno mULa svabhAva samyakajJAna, samyakdarzana ane samadyAritra che. AtmA e punarjanmano, utkrAMtino viSaya che. bIjo siddhAMta anAtmAno che. punarjanmano athavA AtmAnA punaHavataraNano siddhAMta e jaina tattvajJAnano mahAna siddhAMta che. Avo ja bIjo siddhAMta te karmano siddhAMta che. jaina tattvajJAnamAM karmanA ATha prakAra che. yathArtha jJAnane avarodhanAra, yathArtha darzana (vastunuM)ne avarodhanAra, je duHkha ane sukha Ape che, je moha pedA kare. che te bIjA cAra vadhu peTA prakAromAM vaheMcAyelA che te eTalA sUkSma rIte vaheMcAyelA che ke karma tattvajJAnano vidyArthI je te karmanI asara samajI zake, varNavI zake. bhAratanI koI paNa tattvajJAnazAkhA AnA jeTalI cokkasa ane sUkSma nathI. je mAnavI samyajJAna, samyakdarzana, sammacAritra vaDe badhAM karmono nAza kare che ane AtmAno pUrNa vikAsa kare te pUrNatva pAme che ane te 'jina" kahevAya che. A 'jina' dareka yugamAM siddhAMto zIkhave che ane sthApita kare che; temane tIrthaMkara kahevAya che." pakSapAta ane pUrvagrahano tyAga sattara sattara divasa sudhI A vizvadharma pariSadamAM aneka dharmonA dharmaguruo, vicArako ane anuyAyIoe potAnAM vaktavyo prastuta karyo. enA samApana samaye vidheyAtmaka abhigama dharAvatA vIracaMda gAMdhInuM hRdayasparzI vaktavya emanA uSmAbharyA vyaktitvanA umadA aMzonuM sUcaka che. zrotAjanonA harSanAdo vacce emaNe samApanavidhi samaye kahyuM, "zuM ApaNane thoDA samayamAM ja vidAya letAM du:kha thatuM nathI ? zuM * bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA ApaNI evI icchA nathI ke A dharmapariSada sattara divasane badale sattaragaNA vadhAre divaso cAle ? zuM ApaNe atyaMta AnaMdapUrvaka aneka buddhizALI vaktAonAM tejasvI bhASaNo A maMca parathI nathI sAMbhaLyA ? zuM ApaNe joI nathI rahyA ke Ayoja konuM zubha svapna A abhUtapUrva saMmelana dvArA AzAtIta saphaLatA pAmyuM che ? jo eka anya dharmIne Apa zAMti ane premano saMdeza ApavAnI anumati Apo cho to huM kahIza ke A maMca dvArA aneka udAra bhAva bhinna bhinna prakAre pragaTa thayA che. A vicAromAM aMdhavizvAsa ke kaTTaratA nathI. bhAIo ane baheno ! huM Apane prArthanA karuM chuM ke bhinna bhinna dharmone gahanatAthI jovA prayatna karazo. hAthI ane sAta AMdhaLAonI vArtA samAna aMdhavizvAsa tathA pakSapAtanI dRSTithI vicAra karavo anucita gaNAze." Ama, vizvadharma pariSadamAM vIracaMda gAMdhInAM pravacanoe jainadarzana ane bhAratIya vidyA aMge eka navI lahera jagAvI. amerikAnAM akhabAroe emanI jJAnamaya pratibhA para prazaMsAnAM puSpo veryo. vizvadharma pariSadanA yoja koe vIracaMda gAMdhIne emanI yazasvI kAmagIrI mATe raNa caMdraka arpaNa karyo. tejasvitAno paryAya amerikAnA sAmayika 'eDiTarsa byuro'e vIracaMda gAMdhInI je chabI AlekhI che, e ja emanI pratibhA ane prabhAvano ApaNane sparza karAve che. A amerikana sAmayike enA taMtrIlekhamAM vistRta noMdha lakhI. sahu prathama taMtrI vIracaMda gAMdhIno paricaya Alekhe che. teo lakhe che, "muMbaI yunivarsiTInA snAtaka (bI.e.) zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI asAdhAraNa bauddhika pratibhA dharAve che. teo aMgrejI sahita cauda bhASAnA acchA jANakAra che ane jaina esosiezana oNpha inDiyAnA maMtrI che. bhAratamAMthI eka ja evA saddagRhastha hovAnuM teo viziSTa sthAna dharAve che ke jemaNe cikAgo vizvadharma pariSada, 1893mAM tenA vatanIo dvArA pasaMda karAyelA jaina dharmanA pratinidhi tarIke jainonuM gauravabhera pratinidhitva karyuM." e pachI taMtrIlekhamAM vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInI pratibhAno paricaya ApatAM teo lakhe che,

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bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che mi. gAMdhI ApaNA rItarivAjo, rAjakIya paristhiti, zaikSaNika ane audyogika saMsthAono abhyAsa karavA ApaNA dezamAM rahyA che. teo prabhAvazALI vyaktitva dharAve che temaja teo lAgaNIzIla, gaMbhIra, AdarzapremI, svamAnI ane naitika hiMmata dharAve che. A badhuM ane ethI vizeSa asara kare evI bAbata, emanI svasthatA, zAMti, jijJAsu dRSTi ane bhAratanA rItarivAja temaja dharmonI carcA karavAnI emanI chaTA che, paraMtu jyAre mAnavajAtanI svArthaparAyaNatA, anyAya ane ajJAna, lokonI bhISaNatA vize teo carcA kare che, tyAre atyaMta chaTApUrvaka pravacana kare che ane e vize jyAre vistArathI carcA kare che tyAre temano AtmA, emanI AMkhanI tejasvitA dvArA jhaLahaLI UThe che." vIracaMda gAMdhInI pravacanazailI ane amerikAmAM sarvatra sAMpaDelA Adarane darzAvatAM aMta bhAgamAM noMdhe che, 'jyAre taka maLe tyAre bhAratanA A vatanIne sAMbhaLavAnI eka taka paNa gumAvavI joIe nahIM. anya koI ja gAe javAne badale emanI pAse sAMje jazo, to vadhu jJAna ane satya lAdhaze. bhArata ane tenI prajA vize pravartatA ayogya ane bhUlabharelA khyAlo teo sudhArI zakaze. emanuM pravacana pUrNa thayA bAda prekSakavargamAMthI koI paNa vyakti prazna pUchaze, to teo teno yogya pratyuttara Apaze. satya ane pavitratAno upadeza ApatI AvI umadA ane mahAna vyakti e pramANe varte che, enI prazaMsA mATe pUratA zabdo nathI. zrI gAMdhIe ApaNA dezamAM klaba, vidvAnonAM vidyAmaMDaLa, sAhitya ane carca, sosAyaTI, thiyosaoNphikala zAkhAo ane AdhyAtmika pariSada samakSa pravacano ApyAM che. paurvAtya yogavidyA aMge emaNe vargo paNa calAvyA che. temanuM dareka jagyAe uSmAbharyuM svAgata karavAmAM Ave che ane khUba ja prazaMsA karavAmAM Ave che." zikAgonA pAdarI Ara. e. vhAiTe emanA pUrvanA tattvajJAna parano abhyAsa tathA emanA aMgrejI bhASA paranA prabhutvanI noMdha lIdhI, to I. bI. zairamanane emanuM vistRta vAMcana, jIvaMta saMskAra, nikhAlasa svabhAva, * bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che saujanyapUrNa vyavahAra ane jJAna ApavAnI tAlAvelI sparzI jAya che. judAM judAM akhabAroe paNa emanI pratibhA vize noMdha lakhI. (anya pratibhAvo mATe juo : pariziSTa 6). apAra viSayavaividhya ane gahana jJAnasajjatA vIracaMda gAMdhIe vicAryuM ke eka woNna henrI barojha bhASaNa ApIne hindustAna pAcho jAu to vizvadharma pariSadanA pramukha mArA dharmanI kaMI sevA bajAvI gaNAya nahIM. AthI amerikano mATe jaina dharmanA abhyAsavargo zarU karyA ane savAra-sAMja A vargo cAlavA lAgyA. jaina dharmathI sarvathA aparicita amerikanone jaina tattvajJAnamAM UMDo rasa letA karyA. 1895mAM vIracaMda gAMdhI amerikA-iMglenDanA pravAse jaIne muMbaI AvyA te vakhate copAniyAM rUpe pA AnAnI vecANa kiMmate ApelAM ane 'jaina yuga' (poSa 1983 pR. 234)mAM pragaTa thayelA emanA caritranI noMdha joIe : 'amerikAnAM nyUjhapeparo ane copAniyAMoe eka avAje emanAM vakhANa karyA che. koI koI bhASaNamAM to 10 hajAra mANaso hAjara hatA. keTalAMka bhASaNo sAMbhaLavAne loko speziyala TrenamAM AvyA hatA. cikAgonI dharma sabhAmAM rUpAno ane kAsADAgAnA samAjamAM tyAMnI prajA taraphathI eka suvarNacaMdraka emane maLyo hato.'' vizvadharma pariSada pachI amerikAnAM judAM judAM zaheromAM javuM, vyAkhyAnanI jANakArI ApavI, posTarsa taiyAra karavA ane sabhAkhaMDa meLavavo e badhuM vIracaMda gAMdhIne ekalA hAthe zakya nahotuM. AthI emaNe ane bhAratanA khristI dharmanA pratinidhi tarIke pUnAthI AvelA kumArI sorAbajIe A dezamAM vadhu lAMbo samaya rahevAnuM hovAthI lekTara bUronI sahAya lIdhI. e saMsthAnI sahAyathI emanAM ATalAM badhAM pravacano goThavI zakAyAM. emanAM pravacanomAM vizALa medanI ekaThI thatI hatI. ghaNI vyaktioe e sAMbhaLIne mAMsAhAra tyajI dIdho tathA keTalAke jaina dharmanI jIvanapraNAlI svIkArI. 15

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* bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA - bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che 1893nA sapTembarathI 1895 mArca sudhI amerikAnAM zikAgo, bosTana, vaoNziMgTana, nyUyaoNrka, rozelTara, klIvalenDa, kAsADAgA, lIlIDela, lAporTa, brukalAina, zArona, roksabarI, evanasTana, hAilaeNnDapArka jevAM nagaromAM vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInAM bhinna bhinna viSayo para pravacano yojAtAM rahyAM. ApaNane Azcarya e thAya ke kAThiyAvADa(saurASTra)nA khUNAmAM AvelA mahuvA gAmanA ogaNatrIsa varSanA A yuvAne ATalA badhA bhinna bhinna viSayonuM kyAre UMDuM avagAhana karyuM haze ? vaLI teo videzI zrotAo samakSa aMgrejI bhASAmAM potAnA e aMgenA vicAro pramANabhUta rIte vyakta karI zake che, evI emanI jJAnasajajatA Ajeya Azcaryacakita karI de che. svAmI vivekAnaMdane vIracaMda gAMdhInI zakti para ghaNo vizvAsa hato. teo eka patramAM lakhe che ke vIracaMda gAMdhI eka zaherathI bIje zahera bhASaNo ApavAnA che ane temAM te vijaya meLavaze. dharma, sAhitya ane rAja kAraNanA vidvAna tathA jaina dharmanA khyAtiprApta sevaka mahAtmA bhagavAnadIne lakhyuM che, "vIracaMda gAMdhI jevA mAnavIne bhAratanI bhUmie janma Apyo na hota to 1857 pachI bhArata enI garimAno prabhAva bIjo koI deza para pADI zakyuM na hota. teo eka dharmanA pratinidhi tarIke zikAgonA sarvadharma saMmelanamAM sAmela thayA hatA te gauNa bAbata che. paNa amerikAmAM temaNe ApelA vaktavyathI samagra bhAratanuM gaurava vadhyuM ane amerikAmAM lokoe jANe Izune sAMbhaLI rahyA hoya ema emanI vAto svIkArI.'' vIra caMda gAMdhI, eca. dharmapAla ane svAmI vivekAnaMda A dharmajJAtA anokhA kAntadrA hatA. A jagatanI pele pAranuM joI zake te kAnnadraSTA, vartamAnane vIMdhIne bhaviSyane jANI zake te kAnnadraSTA. jyAre bhAratanA rAjakIya svAtaMtryanI uSAnuM paheluM kiraNa paNa phUTyuM nahotuM tyAre vIracaMdabhAIe ema kahyuM hatuM ke hiMdustAna AjhAda thaze to badhA dezo sAthe zAMtimaya sahaastitvathI jIvaze. dezane AjhAdI maLI te agAu cha dAyakA pUrve pele pAranuM darzana karatAM vIracaMdabhAI *The Jain Philosophy' vizenA emanA pravacanamAM kahe che : "AzcaryanI vAta e che ke bhArata upara videzIo satata humalAo karatA rahyA che ane e badhAM AkramaNonI Aphato AvyA chatAM bhAratano AtmA jIvaMta ane jAgrata rahyo che. enAM AcAra ane dharma sabUta che ane samagra vizvane bhArata tarapha mITa mAMDIne jovuM paDe che. saMskRtinAM lakSaNa, khetI, kArIgarI, kalA, sAhitya, sadAcAra ane jJAnavijJAnanAM sAdhano, AtithyasatkAra, nArIpUjA, prema ane Adara - badhuM ja bhAratamAM koI judA ja svarUpe jovA maLe che. kharIdI zakAya evI e saMskRti hota to iMglenDa A dezamAMthI ene kharIdI laI zakata, potAnI banAvI zakata, paNa evuM banyuM nathI ane banI paNa nahIM zake. ahiMsA ane zAMtimaya sahaastitva cheka I. sa. 1893mAM vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhIe dezanA Arthika ane rAjakIya svAtaMtryanI vAta karI. eka vAra emaNe amerikana lokone kahyuM, bhArata atyAre paradezI eDI nIce kacaDAyeluM che. e mAtra dhArmika kSetromAM svAtaMtra dharAve che, paNa bhArata svataMtra thaze tyAre te hiMsaka mArge koI paNa deza para AkramaNa nahIM kare." 1893mAM gAMdhIjI mAtra baeNrisTara hatA, te samaye vIracaMdabhAIe A bhaviSyakathana karyuM hatuM. emanI e kalpanA keTalI badhI vAstavika sAbita thaI !

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2 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " Apa sau jANo cho ke ame koI svataMtra rASTranA nAgarika nathI. ame to mahArANI vikToriyAnA prajAjana chIe, paraMtu jo ame sAcI rASTrIyatA batAvI eka rASTranA sabhya hovAno garva laI zakyA hota ane amArI potAnI rASTrIya sarakAra amArI pAchaLa hota, ane amArI saMsthAonuM ke amArA kAyadAkAnUnanuM saMcAlana ame svecchAe amArI marajI mujaba karI zakatA hota, to huM khAtarIpUrvaka kahuM chuM ke ame vizvanAM badhAM rASTro sAthe zAMtimaya saMbaMdhanI gAMTha bAMdhI ane kAyama rAkhavAno satata prayatna Adarate. ame to saunuM sanmAna karavAmAM mAnIe chIe, nahi ke koInA adhikAro laI levA agara koInI bhUmi para chApo mAravo. ame to rASTra-rASTra vacce kuTuMbabhAva ane bhrAtRbhAve keLavavAmAM mAnIe chIe ane sArIye mAnavajAtinI ekatA jhaMkhIe chIe. saMskRtamAM eka kavie kahyuM che : A mAro deza che, evo saMkucita vicAra svArthI loko ja kare che. udAra manavALA loko to mAne che ke samagra vizva eka kuTuMbamAtra che." bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA - dAkhavatA hatA. e ja rIte emane zikSaNamAM ghaNo UMDo rasa hato. e samaye emaNe joyuM hatuM ke keLavaNIthI ja nArI-samAjanI unnati thaI zake tema che. bhAratIya nArI e samaye vahema, ajJAnatA, aMdhazraddhA ane sAmAjika kurivAjothI zoSita hatI. ema kahevAtuM ke - bhAInuM mana bhame bhUgoLamAM ane bAInuM cUlA hAMya." Ave samaye keLavaNI dvArA bhAratamAM nArIjAgRti karavAnI bhAvanA teo bhUla kaI rIte ? AjathI 116 varSa pahelAM emaNe nikolasa noTovica BARSHI 'International Society for the Education of Women in India' nAmanI saMsthAnI sthApanA karI. strIone samAjamAM yogya darajjo ane keLavaNI maLe evo emano uddeza hato. e prAcIna bhAratanI maitreyI, gArgI jevI viduSI nArI bane tevo Azaya hato. A saMsthAe amerikAmAM traNa bhAratIya vidyArthinIonA abhyAsa ane nivAsanI saghaLI javAbadArI svIkArI hatI ane e rIte traNa vidyArthinIone e jamAnAmAM amerikAmAM zikSaNaprAptinI taka maLI. viziSTa kRtino anuvAda amerikAnA A prathama pravAsa daramiyAna eka navA viSaya para vIracaMda gAMdhInI dRSTi kare che ane e viSaya che saMzodhanano. nikolasa noTovica nAmanA eka saMzodhake tibeTanA bauddha maThamAMthI meLavelI hastapratanA AdhAre 'ananona lAipha oNpha jisasa krAisTa' nAmanuM pustaka lakhyuM. 1894mAM zikAgonA 6558, sTavarka bulevarDamAMthI vIracaMda gAMdhI A phreMca pustakano paeNrisa yunivarsiTInA pro. jI. ela. krisTIe karelA navasaMskaraNano aMgrejI anuvAda kare che. mAtra sIdhesIdhuM bhASAMtara karavAne badale Isu khrista bhAratabhramaNa para AvyA e aMge prAcIna samayanA videzo ane bhArata vaccenA vANijya mArgano saMzodhanAtmaka Alekha Ape che. A pustakamAM varNavAyelAM kAzmIra, himIsa maTha, pravAsI noTovica, ladAkhano bauddha maTha, lehanI bajAra vagere sthaLo vize vIracaMda gAMdhIe sarasa citro doryA che, je emanI citrakalAnI nipuNatA darzAve che. vIracaMda gAMdhI mAtra darzanazAstranA prastutakartA nahotA, paNa dhArmika ane sAmAjika sudhAraNAmAM jIvaMta rasa keLavaNI e ja taraNoMpAya vIracaMda gAMdhIno eka aprasiddha patra 2004nI 19mI oNgasTanA 'prabuddha jIvanamAM parama pUjya AcArya zrI zIlacaMdrasUrIzvarajIe Apyo che ane temAM vIracaMda gAMdhIe amerikAnA pravAsa daramiyAna joyelI be mukhya bAbato tarIke amerikAnA lokonuM Atithya ane enI ucca kakSAnI keLavaNI paddhati aMge noMdha ApI che. zrI vIracaMda gAMdhI chellAM ekaso varSamAM amerikAnI keLavaNI, - 29 -

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* bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che 2 - - bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA - sAdhano ane vibhAgomAM thayelA parivartananI AzcaryapUrvaka noMdha le che. enI komana skUla vyavasthAmAM garIba tema ja tavaMgara bALako vinA mUlya zikSaNa pAme che te noMdhIne be varSamAM judAM judAM zaheromAM lIdhelI judI judI keLavaNIsaMsthAo vize noMdha lakhI che temAM paNa bALakevaLaNInI emanI noMdha Ajeya mArgadarzaka che. amerikAmAM vIracaMda gAMdhInAM vyAkhyAnonI satata varSA cAlatI rahI ane emane vyApaka lokacAhanA prApta thaI. emaNe yoga ane gUDhavighA, bhAratIya saMskRti ane bhAratIya prajAnI naitikatA, jaina dharma ane hiMdu dharmano itihAsa jevA viSayo para vyAkhyAno ApyAM. emano hetu mAtra pravacano ApavAno nahoto, paraMtu lokonA AcaraNamAM e pragaTAvavAno hato. e mAtra bhAratIya saMskRtinA brahmacaryanI vAta karIne aTakI gayA nahIM, balake potAnA zrotAonA jIvanamAM enuM AcaraNa thAya evI apekSA rAkhI. AthI e Avazyaka hatuM ke A mATe koI sthAyI saMsthA UbhI thAya ane enA dvArA satata A saMdezo vaheto rahe. pariNAme vaoNziMgTanamAM emaNe gAMdhI philosaoNphikala sosAyaTInI sthApanA karI. emAM basothI aDhIso sabhyo hatA ane enA pramukhapade amerikAnA posTamAsTara janarala jaoNsepha TuarTa hatA. vIracaMda gAMdhInA upadezathI hajAro loko zAkAhArI banyA. keTalAke cothA vrata(brahmacarya)ne aMgIkAra karyuM ane keTalAke samAdhi dhyAna karavAnuM zarU karyuM to keTalAka zrI namaskAra mahAmaMtrano japa karavA lAgyA. 1895nA eprilamAM teo amerikAthI laMDana AvyA. ahIM sAutha plesa caMpala ane raoNyala eziyATika sosAyaTI samakSa bhAratamAM muMbaInA gavarnara tarIke rahI cUkelA laoNrDa renA pramukhapade vIracaMda gAMdhInAM bhASaNo yojAyAM. laMDanamAM anyatra paNa emaNe cAra pravacano ApyAM. emanI raoNyala eziyATika sosAyaTInA sabhya tarIke nimaNUka thaI e pachI phrAnsa ane jarmanIno pravAsa karIne 'orienTala' sTImara mAraphate 1895nI AThamI julAIe bhArata AvyA. bhAratamAM pravezyA tyAre muMbaI baMdara parathI moya saraghasAkAre temane lAvavAmAM AvyA. muMbaImAM emaNe potAnA pravAsa vize be-traNa pravacano ApyAM. emanA cittamAM satata potAnA mArgadarzaka guru zrI AtmAnaMdajInuM 30 *ananona lAipha oNpha jisasa krAIsTa "mAM noTovicanA pravAsanuM vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhIe doreluM rekhAcitra

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bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA smaraNa ghUmatuM hatuM AthI teo aMbAlAmAM cAturmAsa karI rahelA pU. AtmAnaMdajI mahArAjanA darzane gayA. emanA zubhAzIrvAdathI videzamAM karelAM dharma ane saMskRtinA karelAM pracAra ane prabhAvanAnI mAhitI ApI ane A sarva jANIne AcAryazrIne atyaMta harSa thayo. jIvanadhyeyanI prApti 29 varSanA yuvAna bhAratanI dharatI para pAchA to AvyA paraMtu emanA cittamAM satata eka ja vicAra ghUmato hato. e vicAratA hatA ke kaI rIte dhArmika ane sAmAjika kAryo karIne bhAratIya prajA ane jaina samAjanI unnati karavI. pariNAme emaNe bIjo koI vyavasAya ke kArya svIkAryAM nahIM. e samaye mukhyatve jaina sAhityanI upAsanA ane anya dharmonA abhyAsamAM emanuM citta DUbI gayuM. muMbaImAM 'hemacaMdrAcArya abhyAsa varga'nI sthApanA karIne enA upakrame jainadarzanaviSayaka vyAkhyAno ApyAM. A saMsthAnA upakrame 'karmano siddhAMta' ke 'siddhAMtasAra' jevA graMtha para emaNe goSThi rAkhI ane vyAkhyAno ApyAM. A abhyAsavargamAM emaNe amerikAnI zikSaNavyavasthA, rItarivAjo ane emanA jIvanavyavahAranI vAta karI. thiyosaoNphikala sosAyaTI, AryasamAja ane muMbaInI buddhivardhaka sabhAmAM emane jainadarzana vize vaktavya ApavA mATe nimaMtraNa maLyAM hatAM. gAMdhIjI sAthe khorAkanA prayogo vIracaMda gAMdhI ane mahAtmA gAMdhInA saMbaMdha aMge saMzodhana karatAM eka mahattvanI vigata sAMpaDI che. vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI ane mahAtmA gAMdhI muMbaImAM ekasAthe eka oraDImAM rahyA hatA. mahAtmA gAMdhIe ravizaMkara nAmanA brAhmaNane rasoI mATe rAkhIne muMbaImAM rahevAnI vyavasthA goThavI hatI. A samaye mahAtmA gAMdhI bhAratIya kAyadAzAstranuM adhyayana karatA hatA, paraMtu e abhyAsa emane kaMTALAjanaka lAgato hato. iMglaeNnDamAMthI baeNrisTara thaIne AvelA gAMdhIjI pAse koI 'brIpha' AvatI nahotI. AvI brIpha vaceTiyAone dalAlI ApavAthI maLatI hatI, paraMtu gAMdhIjI emAM saMmata nahotA. A veLAe 32 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA baMne mitroe khorAka aMgenA prayogo zarU karyA. emanI sAthe solisiTaranI parIkSA mATe taiyArI karatA vIracaMda gAMdhI joDAyA. vadhu samaya rAMdhavAthI khorAkanAM pauSTika tattvo ochAM thaI jAya che tenI teoe carcA karI ane pachI pauSTika tattvo jaLavAya e rIte rAMdhavAnI judI judI paddhationA akhatarA karyA. vejiTeriyana sosAyaTInA caeNramaeNna e. epha. hilse 1889mAM eka evI paddhati rajU karI ke rAMdhavAne kAraNe sUryanAM kiraNomAMthI prApya zakti naSTa thAya che. emaNe rAMdhelo khorAka khAvAne badale phaLa, sUko mevo, kAcuM anAja ane kaThoLa bhojanamAM levAnuM kahyuM ane ene emaNe 'vAiTala phUDa' evuM nAma ApyuM. zrI mohanadAsa karamacaMda gAMdhI (1888) gAMdhIjInA aMtevAsI pyArelAle noMdhyuM che ke, "baeNrisTara thaIne AvelA mahAtmA gAMdhIne koI kesa maLato nahato. A samaye vIracaMda gAMdhIe emane himmata rAkhavA ane dhairya dhAraNa karavA salAha ApI. vIracaMda gAMdhIe phIrojazA mahetA, badarUddIna taiyabajI ane evA vakIlAtanA kSetranA anya agraNIoe saphaLatA prApta karavA mATe keTalo badho lAMbo samaya rAha jovI paDI hatI te darzAvyuM. emaNe mahAtmA gAMdhIjIne ema paNa kahyuM ke navIsavI vyaktie to traNa, pAMca ke jarUra paDe sAteka varSa paNa rAha jovI paDe ane e pachIya e be cheDA bhegA thAya eTaluM meLavI zake. vIracaMda gAMdhI rASTrIya mahAsabhAnA custa himAyatI hatA. 1895mAM pUnAmAM bharAyelI inDiyana naeNzanala kaoNMgresamAM emaNe muMbaInA pratinidhi tarIke * Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 1, The Early Phase by Pyarelal, 1965, Publisher: Navjeevan Publication House, Ahmedabad 33

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bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA hAjarI ApI hatI. vaLI baMnenI aTakanA sAmyane kAraNe kyAMka gerasamaja paNa UbhI thatI hatI. laMDananI bleveskI lojamAM saMsthAnA sabhya zrI mohanadAsa karamacaMda gAMdhInI mulAkAta karnala olakoTa sAthe thaI evI noMdha josephAina renDasame lakhelI A Short History of The Theosophical SocietymAM maLe che. 1896mAM A meLApa thayAnuM noMdhAyuM che. jyAre e samaye gAMdhIjI dakSiNa AphrikAmAM hatA. karnala olakorTa gAMdhIne eka agraNI jaina tarIke oLakhAvyA che jene pariNAme josephAina renDasame AvI bhUla karI che. Ama baMne ekabIjAnA saMparkamAM sArI rIte AvyA hatA, paraMtu emanI vaccenA patravyavahAranI ke anya vigato sAMpaDatI nathI. gAMdhIjIe vIracaMdabhAInA putra mohanabhAI upara lakhelA eka patramAM AzIrvAda sAthe pUchyuM che ke, "pitAjInA AdarzomAMthI kaMI jALavI rAkhyA che kharA ?" ahIM vIracaMda gAMdhIe videzamAM ApelAM dha sAyansa oNpha iTiMga'nAM pravacanonuM smaraNa thAya che. emaNe traNa prakAranA khorAkanI vAta karI ane kahyuM ke pahelA prakArano khorAka zAMti Ape che. bIjo kriyA-gati ke garamI Ape che ane trIjA prakArano khorAka gatine avarodhe che. eka AhArazAstrI je rIte carcA kare e rIte emaNe ahIM carcA karI che ane darzAvyuM che ke aMgreja loko karatAM tAkAta ane sahanazIlatAmAM bhAratIya loko caDiyAtA che enuM kAraNa emano AhAra che. 'zrImad bhagavad gItA'nA tAmasI AhAranI vAta kare che ane jaino jamInanI nIce UgelI vanaspati kema khAtA nathI eno marma samajAve che. e ja rIte sUryAsta pahelAM bhojana karavAnA enA siddhAMtano hetu darzAvatAM kahe che ke aMdhArAmAM sUryaprakAzanAM lAbhadAyaka tattvo maLatAM nathI. vaLI enI sAthosAtha AnI pAchaLa rahelA gUDha vijJAnanI vAta kare che.* I. sa. 1896mAM vIracaMda gAMdhI bIjI vAra amerikAnA pravAse gayA. A samaye 1896nI vIsamI oNgasTe prasiddha dAnavIra premacaMda rAyacaMdanA adhyakSasthAne ane mAMgaroLa jaina saMgIta maMDaLI saMsthAnA pramukha motIcaMda * The Jain Philosophy, Chapter 15 : The Science of Eating, by Virchand Raghavji Gandhi, Edited : Dr. Kumarpal Desai, Publisher: World Jain Confederation, pp. 177 34 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA devIcaMdanI upasthitimAM raoNyala eziyATika sosAyaTInA sabhya, jaina esosiezana oNpha inDiyAnA maMtrI ane hemacaMdrAcArya sTaDI sarkalanA pramukha evA zrI vIracaMda gAMdhIne mAnapatra arpaNa karavAmAM AvyuM. teonI sAthe emanAM dharmapatnI videza pravAse jaI rahyAM che teno AnaMda vyakta karavAmAM Avyo. emaNe amerikA ane iMglaeNnDamAM vyAkhyAno ApyAM. baeNrisTara tarIke abhyAsa karyo ane baeNrisTara thayA. joke emaNe vakIlAtanA vyavasAyano dravyopArjananA badale dharmasevA kAje upayoga karyo. dharmakArya mATe sAda pAlitANAnA rAja taraphathI peDhInA lokonI judA judA prakAre kanaDagata karavAmAM AvatI hatI. A tIrthamAM kAma karatA nokarone mAra mAravAmAM Avato. tIrthanA hakko ane tIrthanI salAmatInI bAbatamAM gaMbhIra samasyA jAgI hatI. A trAsamAMthI mukta thavA amerikAno pravacanapravAsa kheDI rahelA vIracaMda gAMdhIne ANaMdajI kalyANajI peDhIe patra lakhyo. vIracaMda gAMdhIne briTiza sarakAre tIrtha aMgenI kADhI nAkhelI apIla aMge laMDanamAM amaladArone maLavA mATe vinaMtI karI. laMDananI korTa (prIvI kAunsila)mAM apIla rajU karavAno nirNaya karyo. AnA uttaramAM vIracaMda gAMdhI 1898nI chavvIsamI eprile bosTananA naM. 6, oNksapharDa TeresanA sthaLethI A pramANe pratyuttara pAThave che : "ApaNA pavitra zatruMjaya DuMgara saMbaMdhI thatI rAjA taraphathI aDacaNo dUra karavA Apa mane pharamAvo cho ane e kAmamAM mArA upara vizvAsa rAkho cho tene mATe huM Apano upakAra mAnuM chuM. dareka zrAvaka bhAInI pharaja che ke teNe A kAmamAM tana, mana ane dhana arpaNa karavuM joIe. dhananI bAbatamAM huM zaktimAna nathI, to paNa tana-mana arpaNa karavA khuzI chuM. "Ape mokalelAM kAgaLiyAMo tathA arajI vAMcI tamAma hakIkatothI huM mAhita thayo chuM. e sarave hakIkata pahelethI mArI mAhitImAM che, paraMtu hAlanI 35

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bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che - bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA navI arajIonI ibArata tathA sarakAranA TharAvathI mAhita thavAnI jarUra hatI te mAhitagArI ApanA mokalAvelA ocariyAthI maLI che. ApanA vicArane huM maLato AvuM chuM ke sTeTa sekreTarIne arajI karavI. ane e sivAya bIjo koI upAya nathI. paraMtu Apa kaho cho tema sTeTa sekreTarInI hAphisamAM, muMbaI sarakAranI mAphaka ApaNuM kAma mAryuM jAya to pachI dAda meLavavAnI koI paNa jagAe AzA rahe nahIM. mATe banI zake eTalI tajavIja karI majabUtAI meLavI sTeTa sekreTarIne apIla karavI joIe. A kAmamAM mArAthI banI zake teTalo prayAsa levA huM khuza chuM. eTaluM ja nahIM paraMtu Apa mane te kAma soMpo cho tethI mane Apa moTuM mAna Apo cho tema samajuM chuM. tA. 7mI jUnanA roja huM laMDana pahoMcIza." laMDana zaheramAM keTalAka bhalAmaNapatronI jarUra paDaze. cikAgo zaheranA vaDA nyAyAdhIzanA keTalAka mitro laMDanamAM haze ema huM dhAruM chuM. A vaDA nyAyAdhIza mArA mitra che. temanI pAsethI bhalAmaNapatro meLavavA mATe khAsa cikAgo javuM paDaze. zeTha dAdAbhAI navarojajI laMDanamAM haze, temane paNa maLIza. huM temane sArI rIte oLakhuM chuM. vaLI Aja roja meM muMbaI zeTha vIracaMda dIpacaMda upara patra lakhyo che. temAM temanA taraphathI tathA temanI hAphisavALA zeTha dInazA edalajI vALA (jeo dAdAbhAInA parama mitra che) temanA taraphathI dAdAbhAI upara bhalAmaNapatra meLavI mArA upara laMDana mokalavA lakhyuM che. hAlamAM muMbaImAM cAlatI marakIne lIdhe vIracaMda zAha muMbaIthI amadAvAda AvyA hoya to Apa temane e patro mane mArA laMDananA saranAmethI mokalavA vinaMtI karazo. tathA eka patra zeThajI mayAbhAI taraphathI pIla sAheba upara lakhI mokalazo...." "me. pIla sAhebane maLI banato prayAsa karIza tema ja laoNrDa re sAheba mAraphata jeTaluM banaze teTaluM karIza. e badhA prayAsa karyA pachI apIla karavAnI jarUra paDaze to tene mATe je jarU2 mAluma paDaze te goThavaNa karavA saMbaMdhI ApanA upara lakhIza." "vilAyatamAM huM amaladAro vagerene maLIza te "Special Commissioner zrI zatruMjaya mahAtIrtha of the Jain Community of India' e hodAthI maLIza. mATe e pramANe vartavAnuM mAruM pagaluM Apa maMjUra karazo." A patramAM vIracaMda gAMdhI noMdhe che ke A kArya mATe pote tatkALa laMDana jaI zake tema nathI, kAraNa ke emaNe amerikAmAM cha mahinA pUrve judAM judAM sthaLoe bhASaNo ApavAnI maMjUrI ApI che. AthI vahelAmAM vahelAM 25mI mee amerikAnA inDiyAnApaoNlisa zaheramAM vaktavya ApIne laMDana javAnI zakyatA darzAve che, paNa tvarita kAryazakti dharAvatA vIracaMda gAMdhI zatruMjayanA A kArya mATe kevI pUrvataiyArI karavI joIe tenI vigato Ape che. e kahe che ke "inTaranaeNzanala sosAyaTI phora dha ejyukezana vimena ina inDiyAnA kArya aMge emane bhAratamAM rahI cUkelA 'inDiyA oNphisa'nA amaladAro sAthe sAro paricaya che ane teo A kAryamAM upayogI banI zakaze. vaLI noMdhe che ke 'inDiyA oNphisa'nA amaladArone zatruMjaya tIrthanA keTalAka phoTAo bheTa tarIke mokalavAthI sAro abhiprAya Ubho thaze, eTaluM ja nahIM paNa jemsa barjesanuM pAlitANA vizenuM pustaka paNa mokalavAnuM sUcana kare che. laMDanamAM A kAryane mATe potAne kaI kaI vastunI jarUra paDaze enI vyavasthita sUci 16 11

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che agAuthI Ape che. AmAM vIracaMda gAMdhInI cIvaTa ane dhagaza dekhAI Ave che. teo keTalIka sAmagrI peTImAM peka karIne laMDana mokalavAnuM kahe che, jemAM (1) barjesa sAheba kRta Tempalsa oNpha zatrujaya; (2) tyAMnA koI bhaMDAramAMthI nIcenI prato (a) hIrasaubhAgya kAvya (ba) zatruMjaya mAhAbhya - gujarAtImAM TabA sAthe; (3) zatruMjaya DuMgarano nakazo. ApaNI peDhImAM mArA dhAravA pramANe che te. keDI sAhebanA riporTanI tathA bIjo kAgaLiyAM chApelAM Ape je ahIM mokalyAM che te darekanI dasa nakalo; (4) koI beMka upara so pAuMDanI huMDI tathA joIe to vadhAre rakama maLavAno patra; (5) mArA para vahIvaTa karanArA pratinidhiono aMgrejImAM patra." zatruMjayano kesa laDavA mATe ANaMdajI kalyANajI peDhI vIracaMda gAMdhIne 'spezyala kamizanara phaoNra dha jaina kamyuniTI'nuM lakhANa Ape che. emano ANaMdajI kalyANajI peDhImAM jaLavAyelo patravyavahAra emanA athAga prayatnono citAra Ape che. joke laMDananI korTane arthAt prIvI kAunsilane apIla karavA mATe sekreTarI oNpha sTeTane apIla karavAnuM nakkI thayuM. yojanAbaddha athAga prayatno zrI vIracaMdabhAI gAMdhI tA. 7mI jUnanA roja nahIM, paNa tA. 9mI jUnanA roja laMDana pahoMcyA hatA. A pachI emaNe laMDanamAM keTalIka prAthamika kAmagIrI bajAvI hatI, mi. hopa, sara maMcerazA bhAvanagarI, zrI ramezacaMdra datta, oNnarebala rojarsa, zrI dAdAbhAI navarojajI tathA bIjA keTalAka gRhasthonI mulAkAta laIne peDhInA kesa bAbatanI carcA karI hatI, ema emanA peDhI uparanA tA. 23-6-1898nA patra uparathI jANavA maLe che. vIracaMda gAMdhIne sekreTarI oNpha sTeTane apIla karavAnuM kArya soMpavAmAM AvyuM. 1898nI bAramI ogasTe teo bhArata AvyA ane amadAvAdamAM A tIrtha aMgenA mukaddamAnI pUrNa jANakArI meLavIne 24mI Disembara 1898nA roja iMglenDa pAchA gayA. pavitra mahAtIrtha zatruMjaya parvata samrATa akabara ane zeThazrI zAMtidAsanA * bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che samayathI zvetAMbara jainonA kabajAmAM hato, Ama chatAM te bAdazAha, tenA pachI takhtanazIna thayela bAdazAha jahAMgIra ane zAhajahAMnA tAmrapatra upara ApelAM pharamAnono samayasara upayoga na thavAnA kAraNe, tenA parathI hakUmata pAlitANAnA darabAranA hAthamAM AvI. I. sa. 1885mAM te samayanA pAlitANAnA ThAkora surasiMhajIe parvatanuM rakSaNa karavAnA bahAne pratyeka yAtrALu dITha be rUpiyAno mUMDakAvero nAkhyo. A rIta ghaNI agavaDabharI tathA trAsadAyaka hatI. sAthosAtha tA. 7-6-1885nA roja suraja kuMDa najIka bhagavAna RSabhadevanI pAdukA hatI. te koI vijJasaMtoSIe khodI kADhI tathA te tA. 19-6-1885nA roja guma thaI. keTalAka sthAnika brAhmaNoe A pAdukA guru dattAtrayanI hatI ane jainoe khodIne chupAvI dIdhI che tevI khoTI phariyAda karI. A paristhitino lAbha laI tIrthanA zrAvakoe rAkhelA nokarone mAra mArIne pakaDavAmAM AvyA. A aMge gavarnarane tathA bIje tAra karavAmAM AvyA ane jainonuM eka pratinidhi maMDaLa tA. 18-7-1885nA divase lo rene pUnAmAM maLyuM. ethI sonagaDhanA AsisTanTa poliTikala ejanTa kaptAna phoraDAisa dvArA AnI tapAsa zarU thaI. teo pAlitANAnA ThAkora pratye pakSapAta dharAvatA hatA. AvI ekapakSIya tapAsa sAme vAMdho uThAvavAmAM Avyo. pachI sarakArazrI taraphathI ema nakkI thayuM ke pAlitANAnA darabArazrI taraphathI jaina nokaro uparanA julama aMge nirNaya karavA sonagaDhamAM tapAsa thaze ane jaina nokaro sAme pAlitANA korTamAM thayela kesa paNa AsisTanTa poliTikala ejanTanI korTamAM laI javo. jAnanuM jokhama vahorIne e jamAnAmAM musApharInA sAdhana tarIke baLadagADAM tathA ghoDAno upayoga karavo paDato hato. anya koI vAhana-suvidhAo na hatI. A banne keso aMge tathA muMDakAverA aMge - sAkSIo, purAvA, jubAnIo ekatra karavA mATe zrI vIracaMdabhAIne avAranavAra pAlitANA javuM paDatuM hatuM temaja pAlitANAnA ThAkore zrI vIracaMdabhAInA mAthA mATe pAMca hajAra rUpiyAnuM inAma jAhera karyuM hatuM. - 39 - - 38

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bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA jAnanuM jokhama hovA chatAM mahuvAnA vIra vIracaMdabhAI ghoDA upara musApharI karatA. saheje DaryA vinA pAlitANAnI avAranavAra musApharI karI jarUrI sAkSI-purAvA tathA jubAnIo ekatra karyAM hatAM. AthI gabharAIne pAlitANAnA nAmadAra darabAra gavarnarane arajI karavA mATe mahAbaLezvara gayA. eTale vIracaMdabhAI paNa anya jaina AgevAno sAthe gavarnarane jaIne maLyA. e arasAmAM pAlitANAnA ThAkora zrI sUrasiMhajInuM avasAna thatAM A julama kesa baMdha thayo. surasiMhajInI gAdIe I. sa. 1886mAM ThAkora mAnasiMhajI AvyA. jaina zrAvakoe mUMDakavero dUra karavA navA rAjavIne apIla karI. daramiyAna vIracaMda gAMdhInI AgevAnI heThaLa gavarnara laoNrDa renI mulAkAta levAmAM AvI. e pachI kAThiyAvADanA poliTikala ejanTa karnala vaoNTasana samakSa purAvAo rajU karyA. pracalita lokavAyakA A karArane mATe kAThiyAvADa(saurASTra)nA poliTikala ejanTa karnala vaoNTasanane rUbarU maLavA gayelA vIracaMda gAMdhIno eka prasaMga mahuvAnA vaDIlo pAsethI sAMbhaLavA maLyo. karnala vaoNTasanane maLavA mATe vIracaMda gAMdhI muMbaI gayA. kahe che ke e samaye vIracaMda gAMdhI ane zaMkara zeTha be vyaktione ja be ghoDAvALI bagI rAkhavAno adhikAra hato. vIracaMda gAMdhI karnala vaoNTasananA nivAsasthAne pahoMcyA, paraMtu emaNe jANyuM ke karnala vaoNTasana to pravAse gayA che, tyAre emaNe zrImatI vaoNTasanane maLIne pAlitANAnA zrI zatruMjaya tIrthano mahimA samajAvyo. ahiMsaka evI jaina jIvanazailIno khyAla Apyo ane enAthI prabhAvita thayelAM zrImatI vaoNTasane kahyuM ke teo emanA patine A aMge vAta karaze ane A kAryamAM zakya teTalAM madadarUpa banaze. pachInA divase jyAre teo vaoNTasanane maLavA gayA, tyAre emaNe pAlitANAnA yAtrALu para lAdavAmAM Avelo mUMDakAvero ayogya Theravyo ane te dUra karavA tamAma prayatno karavAnI khAtarI ApI. vIracaMda gAMdhInA avirata prayAsone pariNAme ThAkora mAnasiMhajI ane jaina saMgha vacce pAlitANA tIrtha aMge nIce mujaba karAra thayo. 40 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA (1) rUpiyA beno yAtrALu dITha vero kADhI nAkhavo ane te mATe ThAkorane prativarSa jaino rU. 15,000 aMke rUpiyA paMdara hajAra uMcaka Ape. (2) A goThavaNa sane 1886nA eprilathI 40 varSa sudhI kAyama rAkhavI. (3) 40 varSanI Akhare uparokta uMcaka 2kamamAM pheraphAra karavAne baMne pakSane chUTa ApavAmAM AvI. baMne bAjunI dalIlo dhyAnamAM lIdhA pachI e pheraphAra maMjUra athavA nAmaMjUra karavAnuM kAma briTiza sarakAranA hAthamAM raheze. A samAdhAnane kAraNe sAmAnya sthiti dharAvatA yAtrALune mATe zrI zatruMjaya tIrthano yAtrAmArga khullo thaI gayo. sahue A samAdhAnane aMtaranA umaLakAthI vadhAvI lIdhuM. vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInI kAryazakti evI hatI ke ene pariNAme aMgreja amaladAro paNa emanI vAtane vajUda ApatA ane eno svIkAra paNa karatA hatA. vIracaMda gAMdhIe gavarnara laoNrDa rene tIrthAdhirAja zrI zatruMjayanI yAtrA karavAnuM nimaMtraNa ApyuM. A prasaMge zrI zatruMjaya tIrtha para laoNrDa rene jaina samAje mAnapatra ApyuM hatuM. A mAnapatra zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhIe vAMcI saMbhaLAvyuM hatuM. trIjo videzapravAsa e pachI vIracaMda gAMdhInA trIjA paradeza pravAsa vakhate emane muMbaImAM 23mI sapTembara 1898nA roja nyAyamUrti mahAdeva goviMda rAnaDenA pramukhapade sanmAnapatra ApavAmAM AvyuM. emane samagra hiMdu samAjanA prathama hiMdu tarIke oLakhAvyA, jemAM vizvadharma pariSadanI kAmagIrI, nArIkeLavaNI mATenA prayatno, duSkALapIDita dezabAMdhavone sahAya vagereno ullekha karavAmAM Avyo. emaNe karelo zAkAhArano pracAra, vaTALapravRttino virodha tathA Arthika kSetramAM emanA bhAratanA vikAsanA prayatnone biradAvavAmAM AvyA. 1899mAM emaNe samagra eziyAnA pratinidhi tarIke laMDanamAM yojAyelI AMtararASTrIya vANijya pariSadamAM hAjarI ApI. 41

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je bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " - bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA jIvananuM prabhAta vIracaMda gAMdhInI AvI vaizvika pratibhA joIe chIe tyAre svAbhAvika rIte ja emanA prAraMbhakALanA uchera vize jANavAnI jijJAsA jAge. saurASTranI dakSiNe gohilavADanA bhAvanagara zaherathI Azare 100 ki.mI. dUra AvelA mahuvAmAM vIzA zrImALI jJAtimAM I. sa. 1894nI 25mI ogasTe (vi. saM. 1920 zrAvaNa vada 9) emano janma garIba paNa kulIna kuTuMbamAM thayo. emanA pitA rAghavajIbhAI mahuvAmAM sonInuM kAma karatA hatA, ethIya vizeSa eka uttama zrAvakane chAje evuM jIvana jIvatA hatA. teo haMmezAM ukALeluM pANI pItA ane sacitta vastuono emaNe AjIvana tyAga karyo hato. emanI UMDI dharmadRSTine kAraNe ja mRtyu samaye pracalita raDavA-kUTavAnA rivAjano emaNe virodha karyo hato, eTaluM ja nahIM paNa pote A rUDhine tilAMjali ApI hatI. vIracaMda gAMdhIno janma thayo te samayagALAmAM mahuvAmAM I. sa. 1897mAM dezavidezamAM jaina dharmanA prasAranuM kArya karanArA, zAstravizArada, suprasiddha jainAcArya zrI dharmasUrIzvarajI (kAzIvALA)no ane aneka tIrthonA uddhAraka tathA jinAlayonA jIrNoddhAra jemano jIvanamaMtra hato evA zAsanasamrATa vijaya nemisUrIzvarajI ma.sA.no I. sa. 1872mAM janma thayo. A rIte jaina dharmanA itihAsamAM mahuvAnI pAvana bhUmi suvarNAkSare aMkita thaI. mahuvAmAM vIracaMda gAMdhIe prAthamika zikSaNa meLavyuM. vIracaMda gAMdhI vyAkhyAnazravaNa nimitte niyamita upAzraye jatA hatA. ATha varSanI vaye upAzrayanI bhIMta para dorAyeluM madhubiMdunuM citra emanI smRtimAM evuM jaDAI gayuM ke amerikAmAM pravacana ApatI vakhate eno ullekha karatA hatA ane e citrano marma samajAvatA hatA. emanAmAM jaina dharmanA kevA dRDha saMskAro haze ane bAlyAvasthAthI ja munimahArAjo pratye kevo bhAva haze enI jhalaka vIracaMda gAMdhIe jaina muni vize lakhelI kAvyapaMktiomAM sarasa rIte dRSTigocara thAya che. teo lakhe che AvyA muni vana mahIM mahuvA taNA e, vANI uccArI bahu zrAvakanA hitArthe; jANe sudhAnI saritA vahatI ja dIThI, lAge ati zarakarA sama teha mIThI ! sukhe viSayamevAdhAmanyApa srsspaaypi| tunvana TehinaH pAnya madha vihAra pNgvt|| laMDanamAM vIracaMda gAMdhIe potAnA yajamAna ema. DI. konvene ApeluM citra A darzAve che ke vIracaMda gAMdhImAM bALapaNathI ja jaina dharmanA saMskArono kevo dRDha pAyo naMkhAyelo hato ane teo muninI zrAvakanA hitArthe vahetI sudhAnI saritA jevI ati zarakarA samAna mIThI vANInI vAta kare che. dharmanA A daDha saMskAroe ja dezane eka sAco dharmapuruSa Apyo. mahuvAmAM AgaLa abhyAsa karavAnI sagavaDa nahotI. mahuvAnA e vakhatanA inspekTara ane AcAryae A tejasvI vidyArthI abhyAsamAM pragati sAdhe te mATe abhyAsArthe bhAvanagara javAnI salAha ApI. potAno dhaMdharojagAra choDIne A keLavaNIpremI kuTuMba sAmAnya sthiti hovA chatAM asAmAnya sAhasa karyuM. vIracaMda gAMdhInA pitA rAghavajIbhAI parivartana pAmatA samayanA pArakhu hatA. Adhunika zikSaNanI AvazyakatAno teone khyAla hato. bhAvanagara zaheramAM e samaye nivAsa mATe chAtrAlaya na hovAne lIdhe R

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " vIracaMdabhAInA vidyApremI pitA rAghavajIbhAI ane mAtA mAnabAI emane aMgrejI zikSaNa ApavA mATe bhAvanagara rahevA AvyAM. 1897mAM vIracaMdabhAInAM lagna jIvIbahena sAthe thayAM. 1880mAM, 16mA varSe vIracaMda gAMdhI muMbaI yunivarsiTInI meTrikyulezananI parIkSAmAM uttIrNa thayA. meTrikanI parIkSAmAM rAjyamAM prathama AvIne emaNe sara jazavaMtasiMhajI skaoNlarazipa meLavI hatI. - bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che prayatno) (2) jainomAM keLavaNI, sadAcaraNa ane saguNa vadhAravA (3) prANIo upara gujaratuM ghAtakIpaNuM aTakAvavuM (4) vidyAvRddhi, jIrNoddhAra, nirAzritAzraya ane jJAnasaMgraha mATe uttama upAyo yojavA (5) jaina dharmanAM TrasTa phaMDo ane dharmakhAtAo upara dekharekha rAkhavI. TUMkamAM jaina bhAIo sAMsArika, dhArmika ane rAjakIya sudhArAmAM agresara thAya tevA upAya yojavA. kAvyazokhIna tripuTI vIracaMda gAMdhI, bhagavAnadAsa durlabhadAsa pArekha ane mUlacaMda nAthubhAInI tripuTI kAvyarasanI zokhIna hatI. bhagavAnadAsabhAI emanAM kAvyo vIracaMdabhAIne mokalatAM ane emanI pAsethI sAhityalakSI mArgadarzana meLavatA. emaNe bhagavAnadAsabhAIne vipralaMbhazRMgAra vize samajaNa ApI hatI. vIracaMdabhAIe pAdapUrti rUpe lakhelI keTalIka kavitAo paNa prApta thAya che. jaina samAjanA prathama snAtaka vIracaMda gAMdhI jema jema abhyAsa karatA gayA tema tema temanI jJAnapipAsA vadhu ne vadhu udIta banatI gaI. Ane pariNAme rAghavajIbhAI putranA vizeSa abhyAsa mATe parivAra sahita muMbaI AvIne vasyA. ahIM vIracaMda gAMdhIe muMbaInI elphinsTana kaoNlejamAMthI snAtakanI padavI prApta karI, eTaluM ja nahIM, paNa teo jaina zvetAMbara samAjanA sarvaprathama snAtaka (bI.e. onarsa) thayA. mAtra vIsa varSanI uMmare 1884mAM jaina samAjanA sarvaprathama snAtaka (grejyueTa) thanAra vIracaMda gAMdhIe emanA saujanya ane vidvattAthI ghaNA lokonAM mana jItI lIdhAM hatAM. jaina samAjanA praznonuM nirAkaraNa karavA mATe I. sa. 1882nA jUnamAM (vi. saM. 1938, aSADha) jaina esosiezana oNpha inDiyAnI sthApanA thaI. I. sa. 1885mAM vIracaMda gAMdhIe maMtrI tarIke enuM sukAna saMbhALyuM. A saMsthAnA hetuo A pramANe hatA. (1) jaina bhAIomAM maitrIbhAvano vadhAro karavo. (ekatAnA 21 varSanA yuvAna karNadhAra mAtra ekavIsa varSanI yuvAna vIracaMda gAMdhInuM ghara (mahuvA) vaye teo jaina esosiezana opha inDiyAnA maMtrI banyA ane potAnAM kArya, dRSTikoNa ane vicAradhArAthI esosiezanane eka navo ghATa ApIne jaina samAjamAM enI AgavI svataMtra chabI upasAvI. pariNAme A saMsthA samagra bhAratavarSanA zvetAMbaronI eka mahattvanI saMsthA banI rahI. eno hetu hato dezanA vibhinna pradezomAM vasatA jainonA saMgaThana mATe kArya karavuM, emanI sAmAjika, mAnasika ane naitika unnatinA upAyo yojavA, jIvadayA, tIrthasthAnonI jALavaNI, TrasTa phaMDa tathA dhArmika khAtAnA Arthika vyavahAro aMge mArgadarzana ApavuM. ahIM emaNe sAmAjika, dhArmika ane rAjakIya sudhArA aMgenI vyAkhyAnazreNImAM pravacano ApyAM. jIvanamAM sthAyI thavA mATe emaNe kAyadAno abhyAsa zarU karyo. 1885mAM solisiTara thavA mATe mesarsa liTala eNnDa kaMpanI nAmanI gavarmenTa solisiTaranI kaMpanImAM joDAyA. A tejasvI yuvAnanI jaina esosiezana oNpha inDiyAnA maMtrI je 45

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bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " - bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che tarIkenI kuzaLa kAmagIrIne kAraNe emanA para prasanna thayelA muMbaI ane amadAvAdanA jaino emane kAyadAnA abhyAsa mATe Arthika sahayoga ApatA rahyA, vIracaMda gAMdhI jaina samAjane mUMjhavatA prazno paratve sadeva jAgrata hatA ane e samasyAnivAraNa mATe satata prayatnazIla rahetA. eka samaye rAjasattA para jainono prabhAva hovAthI jaina tIrthonI pavitratA ane vyavasthA akabaMdha jaLavAI rahetI hatI, paraMtu samaya jatAM jainonuM rAja kIya prabhutva ochuM thayuM ane pariNAme rAja rajavADAMo dvArA jaina tIrthomAM samasyAo ane muzkelIo pedA karavAmAM AvatI hatI ane tene kAraNe AvI saMsthAnI vizeSa jarUra hatI. I. sa. 1890mAM vIracaMda gAMdhInA pitA rAghavajIbhAInuM avasAna thayuM. rAghavajIbhAI mRtyu pachInA sAmAjika vyavahAromAM mAnatA nahotA. emaNe potAnA mRtyu agAu sahune kahyuM hatuM ke "mArA mRtyu pAchaLa koIe raDavuM nahIM. bhoMye utAravo nahIM (chelle mRtadehane jamIna para nIce mUkavo nahIM), aLagaNa pANIe nahAvuM nahIM (e jamAnAmAM smazAnamAM snAna karyA bAda e ja bhInAM vastro sAthe ghera AvavAno rivAja hato) ane maraNa pAchaLa koI kharco karavo nahIM." vIracaMda gAMdhIe pitAnI icchA pramANe ja kArya karyuM. zrI samastezikhara mahAtIrtha pahADa para DukkaronI puSkaLa vastI hovAthI DukkaranI carabI kADhavAnuM kArakhAnuM nAkhIe to jaMgI napho thAya. yAtrAsthaLathI be-traNa mAIla dUra AveluM A kArakhAnuM zrI sametazikhara tIrthanI bAra gAunI pradakSiNAnA rastAmAM AvatuM hatuM, AthI caMdraprabhu bhagavAnanI TUMka para ke pachI dharmazALAmAM UtarelA yAtrALuone DukkaranI dardabharI cIso saMbhaLAtI hatI. sahu koInuM haiyuM kakaLI zrI sametazikhara tIrthanI samasyA UryuM. ANaMdajI kalyANajI peDhInA samAdhAna jevI ja ghaTanA 1891mAM sametazikhara para DukkaranA carabInA kArakhAnA aMgenI banI. beDama nAmanA aMgreje DukkaranI carabI kADhavAnuM kArakhAnuM nAnuM, tenI sAme bAbu rAyabahAdura badrIdAse zrAvaka koma taraphathI phariyAda karI hatI paraMtu temAM teo hArI gayA. A ghaTanAthI samagra jaina samAje UMDA AghAtanI lAgaNI anubhavI. AvA pavitra sthAna para AvuM hiMsaka kArya ! ahiMsApremI jaina samAjane mATe AnAthI vadhu vyathA pahoMcADanArI bIjI kaI ghaTanA hoI zake? pAlagaMjanA rAjAe vi. saM. 1942mAM vartamAna covIsInA vIsa tIrthaMkaro jyAM siddhipada pAmyA che evA sametazikhara tIrthanA pahADanI thoDI jamIna cAno bagIco karavA mATe beDama nAmanA aMgrejane paTTathI ApI. pAMceka varSa pachI beDamane lAgyuM ke A zrIsaMghanA AgevAnoe hajArIbAga jillAnA kamiznara samakSa phariyAda karI, to emaNe vyApAranI bAbatamAM hastakSepa karavAno amAro adhikAra nathI evI vAta karIne phariyAda kADhI nAkhI. pariNAma paragaNAnI korTamAM phariyAda dAkhala karIne kArakhAnA sAme manAIhukama meLavavAmAM Avyo, paraMtu e pachI eno cukAdo jaina samAjanI viruddhamAM Avyo. AthI hAikorTamAM apIla karavAnuM nakkI thayuM ane sahunI naja2 svAbhAvika rIte ja pAlItANAno mUMDakAvero nAbUda karavAmAM saphaLa nIvaDelA yuvAna vIracaMda gAMdhI para paDI. - 47

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* bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA esosiezana opha inDiyAnA maMtrI tarIke dareka pakSane maLIne vATAghATa ane samajAvaTathI 1886-87mAM sukhada samAdhAna karyuM. e pachI kAvI tIrthamAM tIrthamAM UbhA thayelA vivAdano vIracaMda gAMdhI sukhada ukela lAvyA. bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA - A samasyA aMge vIracaMda gAMdhI sAme eka nahIM, paNa anekAneka muzkelIo UbhI hatI. paheluM to e paragaNAnI korTamAM koI prAthamika purAvA dAkhala karavAmAM AvyA na hatA. AthI kAma atyaMta muzkela hatuM ane kuzaLa baeNrisTaro paNa A kAma hAthamAM levA taiyAra nahotA. bIjI muMjhavaNa e hatI ke A aMgenA jarUrI patro, zilAlekho ane tAmrapatronA purAvAo baMgALI bhASAmAM hatA. A paDakAra svIkAryA pachI vIracaMda gAMdhI koI bAbatamAM pIchehaTha karanArA nahotA. emaNe kalakattAmAM rahIne baMgALI bhASA zIkhavAnuM zarU karyuM. baMgALImAM lakhAyelA zilAlekho, tAmrapatro ane patro ukelavAnI sAthosAtha eno aMgrejI bhASAmAM anuvAda paNa pote karavA lAgyA. vIracaMdabhAIe saSTa ane mArmika rIte rajUAta karI. ene pariNAme jaina saMghanI tarapheNamAM adAlatano cukAdo AvatAM vIracaMdabhAInI kAryakuzaLatA siddha thaI gaI. A paDakArarUpa kAryane mATe vIracaMda gAMdhI cha mahinA sudhI kalakattAmAM rahyA. A ghaTanA ja emanI aDaga dharmaniSThI, kAryasiddhi mATenI laganI ane athAga parizramavRtti darzAve che. A Akhoya kesa 'pIgarI kesa' tarIke jANIto banyo. vIracaMdabhAInI prabhAvaka dalIlone pariNAme nyAyAdhIze enA cukAdAmAM noMdhyuM, "jainonI dhArmika dRSTie joIe ane vicArIe to sametazikharanI TekarIonI rajeraja ane kaNekaNa ke kaMkare kaMkara atyaMta pavitra bhUmi che ane tethI e pUjanIya che." A mukadamAno tamAma kharca kalakattAnA prasiddha dAnavIra bAbusAheba badrIprasAdajIe Apyo hato. vIracaMda gAMdhInA cha mahinAnA kalakattAnivAsa aMge mAhitI meLavavA koziza karI, paNa anya koI vigata upalabdha thatI nathI. AvI ja rIte 1886-87mAM makSIjI tIrtha saMbaMdhI vivAdano ukela lAvavAmAM emaNe saphaLatA meLavI hatI. urjananI pAsenA makSIjInA pArzvanAtha maMdiranI bAbatamAM paMdara varSathI digaMbara ane zvetAMbara vacce kesa cAlato hato ane emAM eka vAra eka pakSa jIte to bIjI vAra bIjo pakSa jItato hato. A aMge vIracaMda gAMdhIe traNa-cAra vakhata mazIjInI mulAkAta lIdhI, jaina pUjya AtmArAmajI mahArAjanA AzIrvAda jaina samAjanAM mahattvanAM tIrtho aMge vIracaMda gAMdhInI kAryavAhIe emane karmavIra siddha karI ApyA. muMbaImAM kAyadAnI duniyAmAM pravezyA ane solisiTara banyA to kharA, paNa emanA manamAM satata evI dvidhA cAlatI hatI ke kAyadAno vadhu abhyAsa karavo ke pachI dharma, samAja ane rASTranI sevA karavI ? joke vIracaMda gAMdhI mATe vidhie koI judA ja prakAranuM kArya niryuM hatuM. A samaye zikAgomAM yojAnArI vizvadharma pariSada mATe munizrI AtmArAjI mahArAja (pU. A. zrI vijayAnaMdasUrijI)ne jaina dharmanA pratinidhi tarIke A pariSadamAM bhAga levA mATe viliyama pAipa pariSadanA caeNramaeNna jhona henrI baronI sUcanAthI 1892nI 16mI navembare nimaMtraNa mokalyuM. munizrI AtmArAjI mahArAje (pU. A. zrI vijayAnaMdasUrijI) zAstrIya kAraNosara, vRddhAvasthAne lIdhe temaja laukika kAraNone laIne vizvadharma pariSadamAM hAjarI ApI zake tema nathI, tenI dilagIrI vyakta karI, paraMtu pariSadanA Ayoja koe jaina dharmanAM mahattvapUrNa pAsAMo darzAvato nibaMdha mokalavA Agraha sevyo. pariNAme cikAgonA nimitte emaNe praznottarI rUpe jaina dharmanA siddhAMtono paricaya ApatuM 'cikAgo praznottara' pustaka taiyAra karyuM. enAthI prabhAvita thayelA Ayojakoe A samartha AcAryazrIne vinaMtI karI ke ApanA dharmanI rajUAta karI zake tevA koI pratinidhine Apa mokalo. A patra muMbaInI dha jaina esosiezana oNpha inDiyAne mahArAja zrIe mokalyo ane sAthe potAnI saMmati paNa mokalI ke AmAM vIracaMda gAMdhIne jaina dharmanA pratinidhi tarIke mokalavAmAM Ave to yogya gaNAze. Ama karavAthI pArlAmenTamAM jaina dharmanuM nAma haMmezane mATe jANItuM thaze. jaina dharmanI unnatino dhvaja pharakaze.

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2 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " AcAryazrInI vAta svIkAravAmAM AvI. vizvadharma pariSadanA ahevAlamAM AcAryazrI AtmArAmajI mahArAjanI chabI nIce A mujabanI noMdha pragaTa thaI. je TalI vizeSatAthI muni AtmArAmajIe potAnI jAtanuM jainasamAja sAthe tAdAbhya sAdhyuM tevI rIte koIe karela nathI. dIkSAgrahaNanA divasathI te jIvanaparyata je udAracitta mahAzayoe svIkRta ucca mizana mATe ahorAtra kArya karavAnI pratijJA lIdhI che te paikInA teo eka che. teo jaina komanA AcAryavarya che ane paurvAtya paMDito-skolaroe temane jaina dharma ane sAhitya para vidyamAna UMcAmAM UMcA pramANabhUta tarIke svIkArela che." keTalAka jainoe vIracaMda gAMdhInI videzayAtrAno virodha karyo tyAre AcArya zrI AtmArAmajI mahArAje pairyapurvaka samajAvyuM ke tame loko jaina dharmanA vAstavika rUpane samajAvavAno prayatna karatA nathI ane jotA nathI ke A bAbatamAM dharma keTalo udAra che. emaNe kahyuM ke yAda rAkho ke Aje tame dharmanI prabhAvanA mATe samudrayAtrA karatI vyaktino virodha karo cho, paNa e samaya najIkamAM ja AvI rahyo che ke jyAre tamArA saMtAno mojazokha mATe samudrayAtrA karaze ane tame emAM sahamata thazo. AcAryazrInI kevI sacoTa bhaviSyavANI ! Akhare badhAne AcAryazrInI AjJA sAme namavuM paDyuM. e pachI AcAryazrIe vIracaMda gAMdhIne amRtasara bolAvIne potAnI pAse eka mahino rAkhyA ane jainadarzana uparAMta anya darzanonuM adhyayana karAvyuM. e AcAryazrI kevA samartha haze, jemaNe mAtra vakIlAtano abhyAsa karanAra yuvAnane dharma, darzana, samAja ane saMskRtimAM pAraMgata banAvyo. pote khAsa taiyAra karelA 'cikAgo praznottara' nibaMdha ApIne AzIrvAda sAthe yuvAna vIracaMda gAMdhIne vidAya karyA. e samaye ema paNa sUcavyuM ke videzamAM videzI pozAkane badale svadezI pozAka paheravI. Aje ApaNe e svadezI pozAkavALI vIracaMda gAMdhInI tasavIra joIe tyAre keTalo badho romAMca thAya che ! vaLI AcAryazrIe tAkIda karI ke rojiMdA jIvanamAM dhArmika AcAravicAranI bAbatamAM saheje zithilatA na Ave tenI khUba kALajI rAkhavI. - 50 -- - bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA vIracaMda gAMdhIe potAnA bhojananI alAyadI rasoI banAvavA mATe potAnA mitra ane mahuvAnA vikhyAta jAdugara pra. nathu maMchAcaMdane potAnI sAthe lIdhA. teoe amerikAmAM jAdunA prayogo paNa karyA. AcArapAlanano Agraha vIracaMda gAMdhInI jaina AcArapAlananI custatA pahele pagathiye ja pragaTa thAya che. teo muMbaIthI eDana sudhI 'AsAma" nAmanI sTImaramAM ane eDanathI laMDana 'himAlayA' nAmanI sTImaramAM temaja laMDanathI amerikA 'pArisa' nAmanI sTImaramAM gayA. potAnI sAthe nathu maMchAcaMdane rasoiyA tarIke lIdhA hatA. te mAtra videzanI bhUmi mATe ja nahIM, babbe sTImaramAM alAyadI rasoI karavA mATe paNa hatA. Ane mATe emaNe 1893nI 4thI ogasTe A sTImaranA kaptAnone bhAratanI mesarsa thaoNmasa kUka enDa sansa, muMbaInI peDhI taraphathI eka patra lakhAvyo hato. emAM pravAsanuM Ayojana karatI A kaMpanIe jahAjanA kaptAnane vinaMtI karI hatI ke teo vIracaMda gAMdhIne evuM pramANapatra Ape ke emaNe jahAjamAM rasoiyAe taiyAra karelI bhAratIya rasoInA badale potAnuM alAyaduM bhojana banAvyuM hatuM. vIracaMda gAMdhI muMbaIthI eDana ane eDanathI laMDana pahoMcyA. Avo dharma ! ame sAva ajANa ! laMDanamAM cha divasa rokAyA bAda 'pArisa' nAmanI sTImaramAM temaNe amerikAno pravAsa karyo. A pravAsamAM emanI sAthe vizvadharma pariSadamAM jaI rahelAM laMDananI thiyosaoNphikala sosAyaTInA pramukha enI besanTa ane emanAM sekreTarI misa yUlara hatAM. bauddha dharmasabhAnA maMtrI dharmapAla hatA. A badhAMnI sAthe vIracaMda gAMdhIno meLApa smaraNIya banI rahyo. AmAMthI koIneya jaina dharma vize lezamAtra mAhitI nahotI. jyAre emaNe jANyuM ke A yuvAna A dharmanA pratinidhi tarIke vizvadharma pariSadamAM bhAga levA jaI rahyAM che, tyAre e sahune Azcarya thayuM. vIracaMda gAMdhIe emane jaina dharmanAM tattvo saMbaMdhI saMkSepamAM mAhitI ApI, tyAre emane lAgyuM ke kevuM suMdara tattvajJAna dharAvato A dharma che ane enAthI ame sAva anabhinna chIe ! - 51 -

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bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA enI besanTe to e samaye duHkha ane dilagIrI sahita kahyuM ke 'jaino temanA uttama tattvajJAnanAM pustakone aMgrejI bhASAmAM pragaTa karatAM nathI, e aphasosanI bAbata che.' vIracaMda gAMdhI iMglaeNnDanA sAudhampaTanathI nyUyaoNrka pahoMcyA tyAre emane anubhava thayo ke muMbaInA grAMTa roDanA sTezana para kasTamanA adhikArIo videza jatA pravAsIo sAthe jevo durvyavahAra karatA hatA, evuM kazuM amerikAnA praveze jovA maLyuM nahIM. vIracaMda gAMdhIne AvakAravA mATe 30 varSanA utsAhI yuvAna ane vizvadharma pariSadanA sahamaMtrI viliyama pAipa AvyA hatA. vizvadharma pariSada vatI viliyama pAipe ja sahune nimaMtraNa mokalyAM hatAM. vIracaMda gAMdhInA svAgata mATe AvelA A ja viliyama pAipa samaya jatAM emanA prazaMsaka banI gayA hatA ane amerikAmAM vIracaMda gAMdhIe sthApelI School of Oriental Philosophy ane Esoteric StudiesnA vargo viliyama pAipanI dekharekha heThaLa teo calAvatA hatA. sahamaMtrI viliyama pAipe lAMbI musApharI bAda be divasa ArAma karIne vIracaMda gAMdhIne zikAgono pravAsa kheDavAnuM kahyuM. A be divasanA bhojana mATe viliyama pAipe phaLaphaLAdinI vyavasthA karI ApavAnuM mAthe lIdhuM. vIracaMdabhAI emanA pratyeka AcAra aMge jAgrata hatA. vizeSa to pote eka mahAna dharmanA pratinidhi tarIke AvyA che enAthI sabhAna hatA. emane thayuM ke nyUyaoNrkano kharca yajamAna zA mATe bhogave ? emaNe vicAryuM ke huM jaina dharmanA prasAra mATe Avyo chuM, teve samaye amerikAnA lokone mAre mATe kharca karavo paDe te barAbara nathI. zaktivAna jaina komane mATe paNa e nAlezIbharyuM kahevAya. AthI viliyama pAipano AbhAra mAnIne vIracaMda gAMdhIe kahyuM ke ahIMno mAro tamAma kharca huM bhogavIza. paradezamAM pahelI chabI pariNAme viliyama pAipa nyUyaoNrkanI prakhyAta hoTalamAM rahevA gayA, jyAre vIracaMda gAMdhIe broDave senTrala hoTelamAM eka rUma bhADe rAkhyo. e pachI vIracaMda gAMdhI ane nathu maMchAcaMda bajAramAM jaIne sapharajana, keLAM, nAraMgI vagere kharIdI lAvyA. sAMje pAMceka vAge vIracaMda gAMdhI viliyama pAipane 52 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA zrImatI hAvarDa sAthe maLavA brunsavika hoTala para gayA, tyAre akhabAranA pAMca-sAta pratinidhio hAjara hatA. emanI sAthe jaina dharma ane jaina samAja aMge ghaNA praznonI carcA thaI. e vakhate nyUyaoNrkanA prakhyAta akhabAra 'dha varlDa' noMdhyuM ke chellAM be hajAra varSamAM bhArata bahAra paga mUkanArI jaina samAjanI A sarvaprathama vyakti che. A dharmanI eka mAnyatA che ke je videzagamana kare che tene jJAti bahAra mUkavAmAM Ave che. vIracaMda gAMdhI pAsethI patrakAroe jANyuM ke ucca kakSAnA dharmagurue emane zikAgonI vizvadharma pariSadamAM sabhya tarIke mokalyA che. akhabAre noMdhyuM ke emanA paradezagamananI viruddhamAM keTalIka sabhAo paNa thaI hatI. vaLI A akhabAra noMdhe che ke teo mAMsAhAra karatA nathI ane temaNe kyAreya mAMsa khAdhuM nathI. vIracaMda gAMdhI atyaMta kuzAgra buddhivALA ane ucca pratibhAzALI vyakti hovAnuM akhabAre noMdhyuM che. e pachInA divase vIracaMda gAMdhI amerikana zaheranI saphara karI ane sAMje Trena mAraphate zikAgo gayA ane rastAmAM bAreka kalAka sudhI nAyagrAno dhodha jovA rokAyA hatA. e pachInI vIracaMda gAMdhInI kAmayAbI vize ApaNe joI gayA. vivekAnaMda ane vIracaMda gAMdhInA videzI ziSyAonI noMdha maLe che. vivekAnaMdajInAM ziSyA bhaginI niveditA hatAM, to vIracaMda gAMdhInAM ziSyA 53

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bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA zrImatI hAvarDa hatAM. jeo pUrNapaNe zAkAhArI ane jaina siddhAMtonuM saMkalpapUrNa pAlana karanArAM hatAM. A videza pravAsomAM vIracaMda gAMdhInI pratibhAthI aneka loko abhibhUta thayA. emanI sAthe dharmapariSadamAM AvanAra svAmI vivekAnaMdanA patromAM vIracaMda gAMdhIno ullekha 'Oh, My Dear Gandhi' kahIne karatA hatA. 'nyUyaoNrka kriTika' nAmanuM jarnala jaNAve che ke vIracaMdabhAI jeTaluM chaTAdAra pravacana koIe ApyuM nahotuM. emanuM jJAna eka hiMdu sAdhu jeTaluM ja che." vivekAnaMda ane vIracaMda gAMdhI baMne 'vathI zarU thatAM nAmo. vivekAnaMdanA guru rAmakRSNa paramahaMsa ane vIracaMda gAMdhInA AtmArAmajI mahArAja. baMnenAM nAmamAM rAma. vaLI baMnee zikAgonI dharmapariSadamAM Agavo prabhAva pADyo. baMnee prabhAvaka rIte bhAratanI AdhyAtmika saMskRti darzAvI. baMnee AkarI bhASAmAM khristI mizanarIonI vaTALa pravRttine vakhoDI kADhI. baMnee bhAratane dharmonI jananI kahI ane baMnee dharmonA paraspara saMvAdanI raNabherI bajAvI. baMnenAM mananIya vyAkhyAnoe samagra amerikAne mugdha karyuM. emanAM bhASaNa sAMbhaLanArA sahu koI emanA siddhAMtone svIkAratA hatA ane keTalAka enuM anusaraNa karavA lAgyA. baMnenuM AyuSya alpa rahyuM ane baMnenuM avasAna paNa svadezamAM thayuM. 1901mAM 37 varSanI uMmare muMbaImAM vIracaMda gAMdhInuM ane 1902mAM belUra maThamAM 40 varSanI uMmare svAmI vivekAnaMdanuM avasAna thayuM. A baMnenuM AyuSya vizeSa hota to rASTra, dharma ane saMskRtine ghaNo lAbha prApta thayo hota. vivekAnaMdano prabhAva e pachI bhAratavarSa para cirasthAyI rUpe paDyo. emaNe vizvadharma pariSadamAM ApelA vaktavyanI oNDiyo kaeNseTa Aje prApya che. emaNe e samaye karelI kAmagIrInI vigato darzAvatA vistRta graMtho paNa pragaTa thayA che. vIracaMda gAMdhInAM e chaTAdAra bhASaNonI oNDiyo kaeNseTa to nathI, paNa e pachI emanA kAryanuM samAja sAtatya paNa sAcavI zakyo nathI ane A virala pratibhA sAva vIsarAI gaI. A aMge tyArabAda 'benara oNpha lAiTa' nAmanA sAmayike lakhyuM, 54 Girl. I is the only friend einen felles is en beyond the rave Add: 927_t bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA Every thing else ends with death. Vivekanande zikAgomAM svAmI vivekAnaMda (1893) "vivekAnaMdanA vicAronI prabaLa asara tenA ziSyamaMDaLa (abhedAnaMda Adi)e rAmakRSNa mizana jevI aneka saMsthAo sthApI avirata ane cirasthAyI rUpe rAkhI. jyAre ati zokano viSaya e che ke sva. vIracaMda gAMdhInA vicAronI prabaLa asara koI paNa jaina taraphathI jArI rahI nathI." agarabattInI suvAsa eka arthamAM kahIe to vIracaMda gAMdhI suvAsita agarabattI jevA ane 55

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bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA svAmI vivekAnaMda prajvalita mazAla jevA kahevAya. agarabattI dhIme dhIme jalatI hoya, copAsa vAtAvaraNamAM mIThI suvAsa phelAvatI hoya ane aMte baLIne khAkha thaI vilaya pAmatI hoya che. vIracaMda gAMdhInuM AvuM thayuM. emanI vidAya sAthe emanI pravRttionuM pUrNavirAma AvI gayuM. jyAre vivekAnaMde eka mazAla jalAvI ane rAmakRSNa mizana (svAmI abhedAnaMda Adi) ane anya saMsthAoe Aja sudhI prajvalita rAkhIne emanAM vicAro, siddhAMto yogamudrAmAM ane kAryono rASTra ane vizvane avataritapaNe prakAza Apyo. A lekhakane enI kamanasIbIno anubhava thayo ke mahuvAnA graMthAlayamAM vIracaMda gAMdhIe lakheluM eka pustaka paNa na maLyuM. vIracaMda gAMdhI pAsethI jaina dharma pAmanAra zrImatI hAvarDa aMge vIracaMda gAMdhIe eka evI noMdha karI che ke vijayAnaMdasUrijInI vizeSa sUcanAo pramANe eka mahinA sudhI navakAra maMtrano jApa karyA bAda zrImatI hAvarDane jAtismaraNajJAna prApta thayuM hatuM ane emaNe bhAratamAM potAnA pUrvajanmanI ghaNI vAto jaNAvI hatI. bhAratIya vastromAM kaTAsaNA para besI muhapatti hAthamAM rAkhI sAmAyika karatI zrImatI hAvarDanI chabI maLe che. Aje to nyUyaoNrkamAM zrImatI hAvarDanuM nivAsasthAna ujjaDa ane verAna che. vIracaMda gAMdhInA eka bIjA samartha anuyAyI te harbarTa vaoNrena. videzamAM vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInAM pravacanoe eka evI navI havA phelAvI ke aneka zrotAjano e pravacanonI noMdha letA hatA. vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI zikAgonI - bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " vizvadharma pariSadamAM gayA, tyAre harbarTa vaoNrenane emano paricaya thayo ane harbarTa vaoNrane vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI pAsethI jaina dharmanuM paddhatisaranuM jJAna meLavavA prayatna karyo hato. jaina dharmamAM ananya zraddhA dharAvanAra, devagurunuM pUjana karanAra ane nitya sAmAyika vagere AcAra pALanAra harbarTa vaoNrane vIracaMda gAMdhInAM bhASaNo, carcAo vagerenA AdhAre jaina dharma para pustaka lakhyuM ane vIracaMda gAMdhIe ApeluM amUlya jJAna harbarTa vaoNrana duniyAne bheTa ApavAno emaNe saMkalpa sevyo hato. vIracaMda gAMdhInAM bhASaNa emaNe zaoNrTahenDathI saMpUrNa rIte lakhI lIdhAM hatAM. vIracaMda gAMdhI pAsethI zrAvakanAM vratonuM yathArtha jJAna meLavyuM ane bAra vrato paikI prathama sAta vrato iMglenDanA dezakALa anusAra lIdhAM hatAM, eTaluM ja nahIM paNa vIracaMda gAMdhInA upadezathI harbarTa vorane mAMsAhArano tyAga karyo hato. jaina sAhityano saMkSipta itihAsa' (pR. 694)mAM mohanalAla dalIcaMda desAI noMdhe che, "A aMgreja mAMsAhArano sarvathA tyAga, jaina vratonuM maryAdAthI grahaNa karIne jaina tattvajJAnamAM zraddhA saMpUrNa ne vicArapUrvaka rAkhI jaina dharmana pALe che. vIracaMdabhAInA te hastadIkSita ziSya che. temaNe temanAM bhASaNonI noMdha laI rAkhI hatI te haju potAnI pAse che. jaina dharma para Jainism nAmanuM aMgrejI mAM temaNe pustaka racyuM che. te parathI te sArA vicAraka che e spaSTa jaNAya che. A pustakano gujarAtI bhASAmAM 'jaina dharma yAne jIvananA mahAna prazanonuM jainadarzanathI samAdhAna' e nAme zrI vallabhadAsa gAMdhIe karelo anuvAda bhAvanagaranI zrI jaina AtmAnaMda sabhAe vi. saM. 1990mAM prakAzita karyo. te parathI te sArA vicAraka che e spaSTa jaNAya che. %

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA - zrI ane zrImatI gorDana : mahAvIra bradharahUDanAM onararI sekreTarI vIracaMda gAMdhIe rajU karelA AdarzonI suvAsa iMglenDamAM prasare ane potAnA dezabAMdhavo enAthI lAbhAnvita thAya te mATe harbarTa vaoNrane laMDanamAM 'jaina liTarecara sosAyaTInI sthApanA karI. saMsthA dvArA aMgreja vidvAnonA jaina dharmaviSayaka saMzodhanapUrNa graMtho prakAzita thayA, vIracaMda gAMdhInA avasAna pachI paNa harbarTa vaoNrana paMDita phatecaMda lAlana, zrI hIrAlAla jhaverI, zrI goviMdajI mULajI mahevANI, zrI makanajI jeThAbhAI mahetA tathA anya vidvAnone jaina tattvajJAna aMgenI potAnI jijJAsA puchAvatA hatA. e samaye 'mahAvIra bradharahUDa' nAmanI saMsthA paNa iMglenDamAM sthapAI, jenA mAnad maMtrI tarIke zrI ane zrImatI e. gorDana kAryarata hatAM. Ama iMglenDamAM vIracaMda gAMdhIe amerikAnI mAphaka evI amITa chApa pADI ke tyAM paNa jaina tattvajJAnaviSayaka saMsthAo sthapAI ane jaina dharmanA pAlananI ruci pragaTI. vIracaMda gAMdhIe vizvadharma pariSadamAM paNa potAnI AgavI chApa dAkhavI hatI. pariSadanA dasa dharmomAM jaina dharmanuM sthAna nahotuM. tema chatAM enA pratinidhi tarIke potAnI vAcana, varnAtakalA, vidvattA vagerethI sahunAM mana jItI lIdhAM. * bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA AthI vizvadharma pariSadanI kalpanA karanAra cArlsa sI, bonIe svayaM bhAratamAM duSkALa rAhata mATe amerikAmAM vIracaMdabhAIe 189697mAM sthApelI duSkALa rAhata samitinuM pramukhapada svIkAryuM hatuM ane zrI cArlsa bonInA sahayoga ane bhArata pratyenA sadUbhAvane lIdhe vIracaMdabhAIe tAtkAlika sAnaphrAnsisko zaherathI makAI bharelI sTImara kalakattA mokalI hatI ane Azare 40 hajAra rUpiyA cArja sI. bonI vizvadharma pariSadanA maMtrI bhAratanA judA judA bhAgomAM mokalAvI zakyA hatA. pratibhAnAM tejakiraNo AvI ja rIte vizvadharma pariSadanA maMtrI DaoN. jaoNna henI barojhane vIracaMda gAMdhInA vyaktitvanI svasthatA ane samabhAva sparzI gayAM hatAM. pAdarI jyaoNrja penTAkosTa hIna bhASAmAM karelI hiMdu dharmanI TIkAno vIracaMdabhAIe je svasthatA ane sacoTatAthI uttara Apyo tenAthI te prasanna thaI gayA hatA. AthI vizvadharma pariSadanI pUrNAhuti pachI emaNe vIracaMdabhAIne rahevA mATe zikAgonuM potAnuM nivAsasthAna khAlI karIne ApyuM hatuM. e ja rIte khristI dharmanA pAdarIoe paNa emanI pratibhAno svIkAra karyo. zikAgo zaheranA pAdarI revanDa Arae. vhAiTe potAno anubhava varNavatAM lakhyuM, "mArA carcamAM emaNe Apela pravacana mArA mata pramANe, emanI rajUAta karavAnI Dhaba ane vigata ema baMne dRSTithI emane chAje evuM hatuM. emaNe darzAvyuM ke paurvAtya tattvajJAna saMpUrNa rIte grahaNa kareluM che. zrI gAMdhInuM aMgrejI bhASA para sAruM prabhutva che ane sarvatra rasajijJAsA jAge tevuM emanuM vyaktitva che."

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che e ja rIte emane vyaktigata rIte maLanAra revanDa erisana pArkara kahe che : "atyaMta buddhizALI tathA pUrvanA pratinidhiomAM ApaNA mAnasane hacamacAvI mUkanAra tarIkenI chApa paDI. teo je rIte mahApuruSonA vicAra ane jIvana rajU kare che te sAMbhaLyA pachI emanA sivAya bIjA koInI pAse huM sAMbhaLavAnuM pasaMda karuM nahIM." bosTanamAM vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhIe 'konsanTezana' para ApelAM pravacanothI prabhAvita thayelI lekhikA liliyana hiTiMga noMdhe che : "emanI pAse UMDI abhyAsazIlatA, AdhyAtmika satyono AzcaryakAraka lAge evo saMcaya tathA alpaparicita vicArone samajAvavAnI kSamatA jovA maLe che." A rIte videzamAM sarvatra bhAratIya saMskRtinuM sAmarthya ane jaina dharmanuM tattvajJAna darzAvanAra vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhIne svadezamAM sAmAjika bahiSkArano sAmano karavo paDyo hato. ethIya vizeSa vIracaMda gAMdhI sAthe saMbaMdha rAkhanArano paNa sAmAjika bahiSkArano nAro pokAravAmAM Avyo hato. 1893nI 9mI julAIe 137 sahIo sAthe vIracaMda gAMdhIne zikAgo dharma pariSadamAM mokalavA aMge temaja vizva sanmAnanIya AtmArAmajI mahArAjanA jainazAsanane upayogI nirNayano virodha tathA jaina esosiezananA nirNayano virodha karatI patrikA bahAra paDI. muMbaIno saMgha paNa viruddhamAM paDyo hato. Ave samaye vIracaMda gAMdhI sAthe zrI maganalAla dalapatarAma aDIkhama banIne UbhA rahyA, potAnA guru pU. AtmAnaMdajInI bhAvanA siddha karavA mATe ghaNI moTI Arthika sahAya ApI. muMbaInA saMghane samajAvyo. vIracaMda gAMdhI sAthe bhojanavyavahArano saMbaMdha darzAvavA mATe bhAyakhalAmAM baso vyaktionuM bhojana yojyuM, Ama chatAM vAtAvaraNa vizeSa taMga banatuM hatuM. e samaye jJAtibahiSkAra e vyakti ane enA parivArane tabAha karI nAkhato hato. AkAza jonArA mAnavIne kUpamaMDUko kyAMthI oLakhI zake ? vIracaMda gAMdhIe videzamAM jaina AcAronuM zuddha rUpe pAlana karyuM hatuM. svAmI vivekAnaMda ane vartamAnapatroe emanI AcArazuddhinI khAsa noMdha lIdhI hatI. amerikAnA eDiTarsa byuroe lakhyuM, "A mahAna ane umadA vyakti - bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA - pavitratAno je upadeza Ape che ane e pramANe varte che enI prazaMsA mATe pUratA zabdo nathI." jainonAM prAcIna zAstromAM videzayAtrAnuM varNana hatuM, paraMtu A badhuM vAMce-vicAre koNa ? sAmAjika rUDhionA baMdhanamAM racyApacyA rahetA ane e dvArA potAno ahaMkAra poSatA lokoe A videzayAtrAno prabaLa virodha karyo. AcArya zrI AtmAnaMdajI mahArAja jANatA hatA ke vIracaMdabhAIe jinAjJAnuM koI ullaMghana karyuM nathI. emaNe AcArya zrI vijayavallabhasUrijI pAse muMbaInA saMghane saM. 1991 bhAdaravA suda 13nA roja lakhelA patranA keTalAka aMzo joIe : zrI paramAtmajayati svastithI muMbaI baMdare sakala zrIsaMgha jayavaMtavata - aMbAlAthI li. muni AtmArAmajI ke tarUM se dharmalAbha vAMcanA - yahAM sukhasAtA hai dharma dhyAnakarane meM udyama rakhanA - Age zrI sakaLa zrIsaMgha ke taraphase zrAvaka puNyaprabhAvaka devagurubhaktikAraka zat, motIcaMda harSacaMdajI tathA zA. phakIracaMda premacaMdajI kA likhA huA patra 1 bhAdaravA sudi 11 ke roja muja ko milA hai so vAMcakara samAcAra sarva mAluma kiyA hai - zrIsaMghaka taraphase zrAvaka zrI vIracaMda rAghavajIne amerikA dezameM jainadharma ke upadeza karane vAste gayA thA so lagabhaga do varSa take amerikAme jaina dharma kA upadeza karake seMkaDo strIpuru ya ko zrI jaina dharmanA bodha kara ke pAchA hindustAna meM AyA hai tisa vIracaMda rAghavajI ke tAMI pUrvokta kAma karanese aura AgaboTa meM baiThake anArya dezame jAnemeM kyA prAyazcita (daMDa) lenA cAhiye ? meM bahota namratApUrvaka zrIsaMgha ko likhatA huM kei zrI jaina mata ke zAstrome jo koI jJAnadarzana cAritrame tathA apane kare hue vrataniyamome dUSaNa lagAve to tisako prAyazcita karakSA likhA hai, so to muMbaI ke zrIsaMdhane kisI bhI dUSaNa kA nAma nahIM likhA hai to meM kisa dUSaNa kA ina ko prAyazcita devuM ? tathA ihAM vIracaMda rAghavajI ko hamane pUchA ki tumane amerikAnI musApharImeM apane kisI bhI vrata niyamame dUSaNa lagAyA hova to tuma tisa kI AloyaNA kara ke prAyazcitta le levo. taba zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI ne kahA ki mene apane kisI bhI taniyamameM amerikAnI musApharImeM dUSaNa nahIM lagAyA hai - aba zrI saMghako vicAranA cAhiye ki meM zrIsaMthako kisa dUSaNa kara prAyazcitta likha bhejuM ? - 61 ) - 60 -

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bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA jekara zrIsaMdhakA aisA vicAra hoki zrI vIracaMdajIne kadApi dUSaNa nahIM sevanakarA hove gA to bhI isakoM koI prAyazcita denA cAhiye - isakA uttara - zrInizIthasUtrameM likhA hai ki jo vinAdUSaNake prAyazcitta deve to prAyazcitta denevAle ko prAyazcitta lenA paDatA hai aura so prAyazcitta kA dene vAlA jinarAjakI AjJAkA bhaMga karanevAlA hotA hai tathA jaba taka dU sevane vAlA apanA dUSaNa kabUla na kare taba taka kevala jJAnIbhI tisa dUSaNavAloM ko prAyazcitta nahIM dete haiM - yaha adhikAra lakSmaNA sAdhavI ke viSayameM zrImahAnizIya sutrameM haiM - jaba dUSaNa kabUla kare vinA pratyakSa dUSaNake jANane vAle kevalajJAnI bhI prAyazcitta nahIM dete haiM to meM chadmastha alpamati kisa rItirUM prAyazcitta de zakuM ? je kara zrIsaMdhakA aisA vicAra hove ki AgaboTameM baiThake anArya dezameM jAnese avazya prAyazcitta lenA cAhiye - isakA uttara - aisA kathana to hamaneM kisI bhI jaina zAstra meM nahIM dekhA hai to phera zrI jInAjJA koM ullaMghana karake meM kisa tare prAyazcitta devuM ? kara zrIsaMghakI aisI icchA hove ki zrI vIracaMdajIne dUSaNa sevyA hove athavA na sevyA hove to bhI tisakoM kachuka prAyazcitta lenA cAhiye - isakA uttara - jo jInarAja kI AjJA saMyukta sau hI saMgha hai aura zeSa jInAjJA bAhira jo saMgha kahAve haiM so hADakAM kA saMdha haiM natu zrI jInarAja jIkA saMdha - yaha kathana zrI AvazyakasUtrameM haiM - jekara zrI saMdha aisa kahe ki hama prAyazcitta to nahIM dete haiM paraMtu zrIsaMghakI AjJAse vIracaMda rAghavajI zrIzatruMjaya tIrthaMkI yAtrA kare to zrI saMgha bahuta AnaMdita hove - aisI AjJA zrI saMghakI mAnanese zrI vIracaMda rAghavajIkI kucha hAni nahIM hai - vizeSa tahAM (muMbAImeM) munirAja mahArAja zrI mohanalAlajI mahArAjajI birAjamAna haiM ve bhI bhavabhIru ora zrI jinAjJA ke bhaMgase Darane vAle haiM isa vAste tinahIbhI sammati lenI cAhiye tathA anya koI mahAvratadhArI gItArthase pUcha lenA - aba meM bahuta namratAsaM zrIsaMghase vinatI karatA huM ki jo kucha jInAjJA viruddha ayogya likhANa karA hove so sarva zrIsaMgha mujako mApha kara - iti - kalyANa hove zrI sakaLa zrIsaMgha koM - saMvata - 1951 - bhAdaravA sudi 13 somavAra - dA. vallabhavijayanA sahi - AtmArAma kI svahastAkSara 62 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA saMghanA AgevAno paNa muMjhavaNa anubhavatA hatA. zeTha vIracaMda dIpacaMda ane zeTha premacaMda rAyacaMda jevA saMghanA agraNIoe janatAne zAMta karavA prayatna karatA hatA. paMjAbathI AtmArAmajI mahArAje muMbaInA saMghane kahevaDAvyuM ke zrI mohanalAlajI mahArAja A bAbatamAM je nirNaya Apaze te mane ane vIracaMda gAMdhIne svIkArya raheze. muMbaImAM pahelI vAra jaina sAdhu tarIke pravezanAra, muMbaInA AgaNe prathama zrI mohanalAlajI mahArAja vAra dIkSA ApanAra ane aDhAre AlamanA loko 52 dharmaprabhAva pADanAra mohanalAlajI mahArAja dIrghadraSTA hatA. vIracaMdabhAI upAzrayamAM paga mUke to emanI sAme kesa karIne korTanA daravAjA khakhaDAvavA saMghanA keTalAka bhAIo bAMyo caDAvIne taiyAra hatA. emanAM bhASaNonI sabhAmAM jaIne dhAMdhala macAvatA hatA ane khurazIo uchALatA hatA. emanA sAmAjika rUDhi-ghelachAnA aMdhatvane emanA zrI zatruMjaya tIrtha ane zrI sametazikhara tIrthanAM kArya dekhAtAM nahotAM. paristhiti pArakhIne mohanalAlajI mahArAje 'samayane oLakho' e vize atyaMta prabhAvaka pravacana ApyuM. temaNe utsarpiNI ane avasarpiNI temaja apavAdanI tarkabaddha chaNAvaTa karI. rAgadveSa para evo jinano upAsaka hovo joIe e vize chaTAdAra zailImAM vaktavya ApyuM. vIracaMda gAMdhI emanA vyaktitvathI prabhAvita hatA ane avAranavAra jJAnagoSThi mATe emano satsaMga karatA hatA, paraMtu A samaye emaNe khAnagImAM vIracaMda gAMdhIne muMbaI nahIM AvavA jaNAvyuM. samaya vItyo tema samAjanI smRti parathI vAta bhUMsAtI gaI. saMghane zAMta pADavA mATe zrI mohanalAlajI mahArAje jAhera karyuM ke, "samudranuM ullaMghana karavA badala prAyazcitta rUpe vIracaMda 63

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bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA AWARDED B AUDHEIBHASKA JAIN COMMUNITY BOMBAY AUSISTI [] RAGHAVI 64 &TA zrI vIracaMda gAMdhIne maLelA caMdrako BANDH gAMdhIe eka snAtrapUjA bhaNAvavI joIe." emaNe Apelo A nirNaya sahue svIkAryo ane virodha karato saMgha zAMta thaI gayo ane vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhIne jinendra bhagavAnanI snAtrapUjA bAda samAjamAM sthAna maLyuM. bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA be vibhUtinI vedanA vIracaMda gAMdhInA jJAti bahiSkAra aMge svAmI vivekAnaMda ane zrImad rAjacaMdrajInA abhiprAyo emane jJAtibahAra mUkanAro rUDhigrastonI TIkA karanArA che. eka mahAna kAryane yogya saMdarbhamAM vicAravAne badale potAnI aMdhazraddhA ke ahamthI samAjane hAni pahoMcADanArA loko e vakhate paNa hatA ane Aje paNa vidyamAna che. Aje vIracaMda gAMdhIne aMjali Apato samAja ane rASTra AvI zrImad rAjacaMdra Agraha, vigraha, kadAgraha ane pUrvagrahayukta vicArasaraNImAMthI bahAra AvavAno saMkalpa karaze kharo ? 1894nA navembaramAM zikAgothI svAmI vivekAnaMde zrI dIvAnane lakhelA patramAM lakhyuM : "ApanA paricita evA muMbaInA jaina vIracaMda gAMdhI hAla ahIM che. ahIMnA kAtila ThaMDA vAtAvaraNamAM paNa teo zAkabhAjI (zAkAhAra) sivAya kAMI letA nathI. emanA dezavAsIo ane dharmano prabaLa tAkAtathI bacAva kare che. A dezanA loko emane khUba pasaMda kare che. paNa jeoe emane ahIM mokalyA che teo zuM karI rahyA che ? teo temane nAtabahAra mUkI rahyA che. dveSa e gulAmIthI sarjAtuM anivArya aniSTa che ane e dveSabhAva ja emanA patananuM kAraNa che." eka noMdhapAtra bAbata e che ke vIracaMda gAMdhInA jJAti bahiSkAra aMge zrImad rAjacaMdrajIe karelI noMdha maLe che. zrImad rAjacaMdra ane vIracaMda gAMdhI baMne samakAlIna hovA chatAM teonA pratyakSa meLApanI vigata maLatI nathI. mAtra vIracaMda gAMdhIe Wonderful Feats of Memory vize ApelA vyAkhyAnamAM muMbaImAM zrImad rAjacaMdrajInA zatAvadhAnanI vAta karI che. zrImad rAjacaMdranA upadezanI morabInA mumukSu zrI manasukhabhAI kIracaMde noMdha karI che. temAM teo kahe che, 65

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* bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che "dharmanA bahAne anArya dezamAM javAno ke sUtrAdi mokalavAno niSedha karanAra, nagAruM vagADIne niSedha karanAra potAnA mAna, mahattA, moTAIno savAla Ave tyAM e ja dharmane Thokara mArI, e ja dharma para paga mUkI e ja niSedhano niSedha kare che e dharmadroha ja che. dharmanuM mahattva to bahAnArUpa ane sthApika mAnAdino savAla mukhya, e dharmadroha ja che. zrI vIracaMda gAMdhIne vilAyatAdi mokalavA AdimAM Ama thayuM che." sarvatomukhI jJAnopAsanA vIracaMda gAMdhInA graMthasarjanane joIe to emanA jIvanakALa daramyAna mAtra be ja pustako maLe che. emanuM eka pustaka I. sa. 1889mAM mULa saMskRtamAMthI gujarAtI bhASAmAM lakhAyeluM 'savIrya dhyAna' ane bIjuM pustaka te I. sa. 1894mAM amerikAnA zikAgo zaheramAMthI prasiddha karelo 'ananona lAipha oNpha jisasa krAisTa 'no anuvAda, Ama vIracaMda gAMdhInI hayAtImAM emanAM A be pustako pragaTa thayAM. A baMne pustako pUrve I. sa. 1889mAM emaNe bAvIsamA varSe eka nibaMdha pragaTa karyo. e nibaMdhano viSaya che '2DavA kUTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdha'. A nibaMdha kaccha-koDA nivAsI ravajI devarAje lakhyo hato ane temAM bIjI ghaNI agatyanI bAbato umerIne vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhIe ene prakAzita karyo hato. bAvIsa varSanI uMmare A yuvAnane dharmavirodhI raDavA-kUTavAnI prathA sAme Akroza jAge, e vize nibaMdha-spardhAnuM Ayojana kare, emAM vijetA thanAra kacchanA ravajI-devarAjane pote jAhera kareluM rU. 32panuM inAma Ape te ghaTanA keTaluM badhuM sUcavI jAya che. vaLI bAvIsa varSanI vaye vivekI jaina baMdhuone lakSyamAM rAkhIne 'jaina bhAIomAM sastu-vAcana' phelAvavAno prayatna adyApi paryata thayo nathI tethI AvA prayatnone kaMIka uttejana maLe tevI icchAthI 'reka ane zrImaMta' kharIdI zake te mATe mAtra be AnAnI kiMmata rAkhIne teo A nibaMdha prakAzita kare che. A pustaka sAthe pragaTa karavAmAM Avyo che. jyAre emaNe lakheluM 'savIryadhyAna' e dasamA saikAnA thayelA AcArya zubhacaMdra viracita 66 * bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA 'jJAnArNava' graMthanAM dhyAna vizenAM prakaraNono zrI vIracaMda gAMdhIe karelo anuvAda che. jaina dharmanI vismRta thayelI dhyAnapraNAlIne punaH jAgrata karanAra ane ene paradezIo samakSa prabhAvazALI rIte rajU karanAra vIracaMda gAMdhInI dhyAnalaganI AmAMthI joI zakAya che. vidhinI e kevI viDaMbanA kahevAya ke vIracaMda gAMdhInAM pravacanonuM eka paNa pustaka teo jIvaMta hatA te samaye pragaTa thayuM nathI. emanI vaicArika pratibhAnI oLakha ApavAnuM zreya 'dha jaina' ane 'peTriyaTa'nA taMtrI zrI bhagubhAI kArabhArIne jAya che. I. sa. 1911mAM muMbaInI prasiddha prakAzaka saMsthA ena. ema. tripAThI dvArA 'dha jaina philaoNsophI' pustaka pragaTa thayuM. AmAM vIracaMda gAMdhIe amerikA ane iMglenDamAM ApelAM vyAkhyAno ane lekhono samAveza karavAmAM Avyo che. A pustakamAM graMthastha thayelAM pravacanomAM vIracaMda gAMdhInI jaina dharma vizenI siddhAMtalakSI marmagAmI chaNAvaTa to maLe che, paNa enI sAthosAtha bhAratIya saMskRtinI gahanatA, bhavyatA ane enA gauravano khyAla Ave che. vIracaMda gAMdhIe A graMthamAM jaina, bauddha, sAMkhya, vedAMta ane nyAya jevAM darzanonI tattvavicAraNAno videzI zrotAo samakSa prakAza pADyo che. AjathI ekasone soLa varSa pUrve parAdhIna, 'pachAta' gaNAtA bhArata pAse ATalI samRddha tattvapraNAlIo che e vize sAMbhaLIne videzI zrotAone navIna samaja ane zAne pAmyAno anubhava thayo hato. darzana ane duniyAnI vAta vIracaMda gAMdhIno saMbaMdha mAtra tattvajJAna sAthe ja nahoto, bALapaNamAM paNa emaNe dezanI sthiti vize kAvyo racyAM hatAM. yuvAnImAM dhArmika, sAmAjika ane rAjakIya viSayo para bhAratamAM mananIya pravacano ApyAM hatAM, AthI amerikAmAM paNa tattvajJAna uparAMta teo AhAra-vijJAna, yoga-vijJAna ane jIvana-vijJAna vize vaktavyo Ape che. gUDhavighAthI mAMDIne dhArmika pratIkonAM rahasyo sudhInI vAto emanA pravacanamAM maLe che. prAcIna bhAratanI sthitithI mAMDIne vartamAna samayamAM bhAratamAM cAlatI mizanarI pravRttio aMge e vAta karI zake che.

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA vizva sAthenA manuSya saMbaMdhanAM eka pachI eka pAsAMne teo ujAgara kare che. e tattvajJAna sAthe manovijJAnano saMbaMdha joDI Ape che, to bIjI bAju smRtinA camatkAranI ghaTanAothI mAMDIne AbhAmaMDaLanI vAta kare che. vIracaMda gAMdhIe bhAratIya darzanono UMDo abhyAsa karyo hato, paraMtu enI sAthosAtha e samaye jarmanI Adi dezomAM prAcyavidyAnA abhyAsIoe lakhelA ane saMzodhita karelA bhAratanA prAcIna zAstragraMtho ane lekhono eTalo ja UMDo abhyAsa karyo hato. emanA vaktavyamAM eno upayoga karIne ene vadhu vizada banAvatA hatA. pariNAme teo jaina tattvajJAnane aMgrejI bhASAmAM enAthI pUrNapaNe aparicita zrotAone saraLatAthI samajAvI zakyA. jIvana ane samarpaNa 'dha jaina philasophImAM 'The Occult Law of Sacrifice' jevA lekhamAM emanI maulika vicAradhArA jovA maLe che. teo manuSyajAtinA traNa prakAra darzAve che. eka adhama prakAra, jemAM anaitika ane ajJAnI mANasono samAveza thAya che. bIjo madhyama prakAra (miDala klAsa), je mAtra potAnI indriyone khuza karato, dunyavI AnaMdamAM DUbelo rahe che jyAre trIjA ucca varga (hAyara klAsa)mAM evA loko che ke jeo AdhyAtmika kalyANa kAje potAno samaya ane zakti kharcatA hoya che. Ama, mANase paheluM samarpaNa indriya bhogonuM ApavuM joIe. bIjuM samarpaNa vaDIlo ane mAtA-pitA pratye karavuM joIe. trIjuM samarpaNa garIba ane jarUriyAtamaMda mATe karavuM joIe. cothuM samarpaNa prANIonAM kalyANa kAje karavuM joIe. pAMcamuM samarpaNa potAnI AdhyAtmika UrdhvatA mATe dhana, samaya ane zakti vAparavAnuM karavuM joIe. vIracaMda gAMdhI kahe che ke AvAM pAMca samarpaNathI vyakti 'eNnimala maeNna'mAMthI 'hyumana' banaze. A samarpaNanA daivI kAyadAne khoTI rIte samajavAmAM Avyo ane pariNAme mANaso mUka-lAcAra prANIonI hatyA kare che. mAMsAhArane uttejana Ape che. mANasa prANIothI caDiyAto che, to pachI te prANIone nirdayatAthI haze, e kaI rIte samarpaNa gaNAya? 68 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA LECTURE ON INDIA Ancient Literature of India. Position of Women in India. Early Life of the Hindus. Marriage Status in India. Social Customs of the 288 Millions of the Indian People. BY VIRCHAND R. GANDHI, B.A.,of Bombay Honorary Secretary to the Jain Association of India. eka posTara A lekhamAM vIracaMda gAMdhI bhautika upabhogamAM jIvatA mAnavIne AdhyAtmika UrdhvatAnuM darzana karAve che. ahIM emanI maulika vicArasRSTino paricaya Ape che. 'jainijhama' nAmanA lekhamAM emaNe kahyuM che ke bAibalamAM kahyuM che ke "Thou Shalt not kill", paraMtu jainadarzanamAM to koInIya hatyA karavI nahIM tevuM kahyuM che. joke teo darzAve che ke dharma-dharma vaccenA marmane jANIe, to koI saMgharSa ke vivAda raheto nathI. pratyeka dharma e maMjhila che zikhara para pahoMcavAnI.

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* bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che vIracaMda gAMdhInI pratibhAnuM kharuM teja nyUyaoNrkanI nAinTIntha semyurI klabanA khristI zrotAjano samakSa ApelAM pravacanamAM dekhAya che. 'Have Christian Missions to India been successful?" e viSaya paranA vaktavyamAM vIracaMda gAMdhI bhAratIya saMskRtinA prabaLa ane tejasvI puraskartA lAge che. amerikAmAM prathama praveze ja atyaMta nirbhayatAthI bhArata vizenI amerikAnI pravartamAna bhrAMtio para prahAra karavA e vIracaMda gAMdhInI satyaniSThA, sAhasa ane dezabhaktinuM darzana thAya che. e samaye lAkho rUpiyA kharcIne khristI dharmanA prasAra mATe bhArata mokalavAmAM AvatA mizanarIonI pravRttio vize ATalI hiMmata, daDhatA ane tarkabaddhatAthI bahu virala lokoe vAta karI che. emaNe kahyuM, "mAre amerikAnAM khristI bhAI-baheno AgaLa eka nikhAlasa nivedana karavAnuM che. A dezamAM AvyA pachI huM evAM sUtro sAMbhaLI rahyo chuM ke 'sAruMye jagata IzunuM che.' A badhuM zuM che ? Ano artha zo ? e kaya Izu che jenA nAme Apa vizva upara vijaya meLavavA cAho cho ? zuM koI atyAcArI Izu ApanA manamAM vasyo che ? zuM anyAyano koI Izu Apa saue mAnI lIdho che? zuM mAnavaadhikArono niSedha karanAra koI IzunuM astitva che kharuM ? anyAya ane atyAcArI karaboja lAdanAra koI Izu hoI zake kharo, je evI sarakAra ke saltanatonI taraphadArI kare ane jenI madadathI agara to nAme amArAM jJAna, vicAra, dharma ane saMmatinI uparavaTa jaI mAtra amArI sAme khaDo rahe ane videzIno bhedabhAva Ubho kare ? jo evA koI IzunA nAma upara Apa sau amane jItI levA mAgatA ho to khAtarI rAkhajo ke ame kadI parAjita nahi thaIe. paraMtu Apa amArI pAse jo sadupadeza, baMdhutva ane vizvapremathI nItaratA IzunA nAme upasthita thazo, to ame jarUra ApanuM bahumAna karIzuM. ame to evA Izane oLakhIe chIe jeno amane bhaya nathI ke bIka nathI." vIracaMda gAMdhI bhAratIya tattvajJAnanI garimA darzAvIne siddha karavA mAge che ke bhArata e mAtra vAgha, kobrA ke rAjAono deza nathI, paraMtu enI pAse potIkuM AgavuM vijJAna che, enI dharmavicAraNA che, samRddha bhASA ane sAhitya + bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che ane evA bhAratanI khoTI vAto cagAvIne badanAma karavAnI pravRttino khristI prabhAvathI bharelA kSetramAM vIracaMda gAMdhIe pracaMDa virodha karyo. AmAM jarUra paDe tyAre emaNe bhAratIya itihAsanI, enA gahana tattvajJAnanI, enI utkRSTa zikSaNaprathAnI garimAmaya vigato zrotAjano samakSa 2jU karI ane potAno pheMsalo ApatA hoya tema sahune saMbodhIne kahyuM, "My brothers and sisters of America, there is not a shadow of hope of christianizing India." vIracaMda gAMdhI kahe che ke khristI mizanarIo potAnA dharmapracAra mATe amerikana prajAmAM bhAratIya loko vize, emanI jIvanapaddhati vize ane emanI sAmAjika vyavasthA aMge khoTI mAnyatAo phelAve che. ame bhAratIyo mAtra ekAda ravivAre ja karuNAnI bhAvanA pALatA nathI, balka amArI karuNA to mAtra manuSyo ja nahIM, balake prANI ane prakRti sudhI avirata vahe che. amArI dharmakliAo ane tahevAro para aMdhazraddhAno AkSepa karAya che, paNa kharekhara to amArA AcAra ane utsavo vijJAnanA niyamo para AdhArita che. pratyeka hiMdu bhojana samaye hAtha ane paga svaccha kare che, te vijJAnano eka niyama che. jene tame vaijJAnika siddhAMta kaho cho, te amArI dainika kliAmAM vaNAyelA che. vIracaMda gAMdhI kahe che ke mArA mizanarI mitro bhAratIya lokone keLavaNI ApavAnuM kahe che, tyAre vIracaMda gAMdhI savAla kare che ke zA mATe ? zuM e mAtra khristI jALamAM hiMdu mAchalIone phasAvavAnuM pralobhana to nathI ne ? hajI AgaLa vadhIne vIracaMda gAMdhI kahe che ke A mizanarI zALAo ke sarakArI aMgrejI skUlo yuvAnonI prakRtione rUMdhe ane vikRta banAve evuM zikSaNa Ape che. Ane mATe amerikA ane iMglenDathI lAkho DaoNlara bhAratamAM mokalavAmAM Ave che. keTalAka vidvAna mizanarIo potAnA vAkyAturyathI bhArata para AkSepo ane doSAropaNa kare che ane hiMdu dharmanI TakA karavAmAM potAnI zakti veDaphI nAkhe che. koI paNa mANasa saMskRta bhASAnuM pUratuM jJAna dharAvato na hoya to e hiMdu dharmane jANI zake nahIM. jo teo saMskRtamAM mArI sAthe vArtAlApa karI zake to huM jarUra e pAdarIonA zabdo para bharoso mUkuM. - 11

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bhaILITITL |||TI III IT S 2 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che paNa jo tema karI zake nahIM to huM ema pUchIza ke teo atyAra sudhI bhAratamAM zuM karI rahyA hatA ? A mizanarIo garIbonA belI hovAno dekhAva kare che. mAre pUchavuM che ke sarerAza pacAsa senTanI mAsika Avaka dharAvatI hiMduonI ardhI vastI mAtra eka TaMkanuM bhojana pAme che, tema chatAM temanA para sarakAra dvArA roje roja vadhArAno kara nAkhavAmAM Ave che, AnI sAme teo kema savAla uThAvatA nathI? rANI vikToriyAne bhAratanA zAsaka tarIke jAhera karatAM jAheranAmAnI pAchaLa lAkho DaoNlara e samaye kharcAyA, je samaye bhAratamAM bhUkhamarAthI pAMca hajAra mANaso marI gayA hatA. zA mATe koI mizanarIe AnI sAme avAja uThAvyo nahIM ? zA mATe mizanarIoe Ane mATe koI kamizana nImavAnI vAta karI nahIM ? DYALA. N |||III III I II bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA hato. bIje divase A saMsthAnA pramukhe vIracaMda Till T hri Chili TIIIIIIIIII gAMdhIne AbhArapatra lakhyo, jemAM emanA vicArone Adara ApavAnI sAthe sabhAmAM padhAryA te badala prasannatA vyakta karI hatI. vIracaMda gAMdhInI virala pratibhAno sparza vaoNziMgTana DI.sI.mAM emaNe ApelA ane 'dha jaina philaoNsophI'mAM saMgrahita thayelA ( OL Symbolism nAmanA pravacanamAM joI zakAya che. kalikAlasarvajJa hemacaMdrAcArya dhArmika pratIkonuM arthaghaTana karatA A viSayano emano UMDo ane vyApaka abhyAsa pragaTa thAya che. parziyana, grIka, romana, ijipziyana ane pArasI dharmanAM pratIkonI e vAta kare che, paraMtu vizeSe to emaNe hiMdu ane jaina dharmanAM pratIko vize vistRta Alekhana karyuM che. eka ja pratIka baMne dharmomAM kevA bhinna bhinna artho dharAve che tenI chaNAvaTa kare che. emAM paNa khAsa karIne e pratIko sAthe e dhArmika paraMparAnuM anusaMdhAna sAdhI Ape che. AkRti dvArA jaina svastikano artha samajAvIne kahe che ke pazcimanA loko mAne che tema svastika e bhAratIya paraMparAmAM mAtra sadbhAva (guDalaka) ANanAruM nathI, paraMtu mukta AtmAnI oLakha ApanAruM che. sAta AMdhaLA ane hAthInuM anekAMtavAda darzAvatuM dRSTAMta ke pachI mAnavInI tRSNAne darzAvatuM madhubiMdunuM dRSTAMta athavA to AkhuM vRkSa kApavAne badale jamIna para paDelAM jAMbu levAnuM vezyAonuM dRSTAMta samajAve che. che 73 sarva AtmAnI sukhAkArI vIracaMda gAMdhI potAnA pravacanane aMte mizanarIoe kevI paddhati apanAvavI joIe enI vAta kare che. emaNe pratyeka mAnavIya AtmAnI sukhAkArInI bhAvanA sevavI joIe. teo kahe che, "In one sentence, the method I advocate is that of Selfrecognition the education of all the faculties of body and of soul, devoutly recognising responsibility to the Infinite or universal good. Such propagandism, whatever it may be supposed to lack, would never want success, would never fail to meet with responsive cooperation in all lands among all people and would from the start and for ever make the world better and better." I. sa. 1894nI 30mI navembare A nAinTIntha semyurI nAmanI prabhAvazALI sabhyo dharAvatI prasiddha kalaba AgaLa vIracaMda gAMdhIe A pravacana ApyuM tyAre 33 varSa sudhI bhAratamAM rahelA kalakattAnA bizapa thornane vIracaMda gAMdhI sAthe carcAmAM UtaryA. e samaye AvuM banatuM hatuM. svAmI vivekAnaMda sAme paNa khristI mizanarIoe eka yA bIjuM kAraNa zodhIne carcAnA vaMToLa jagAvyA hatA. vIracaMda gAMdhIe bizapa thobaMnenA praznono sabaLa uttara Apyo - 72 la

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che ATha pAMdaDIvALA kamaLanuM pratIka samajAve che. vaLI jarUra paDe tyAM teo citro dorIne vicAra spaSTa kare che. A che bhAratanI smRtizakti jaina tattvajJAna e eka pUrNa paddhati che ane kaI rIte smRtizaktine khIlavavI e paNa zIkhave che. ahIM vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI kalikAlasarvajJa hemacaMdrAcArya, zrImad rAjacaMdra ane paM. gaTulAlajInAM udAharaNo ApIne bhAratamAM kevA adbhuta smRtizakti dharAvatA mahAna puruSo pedA thayA che tenI vAta kare che. kalikAlasarvajJa hemacaMdrAcArya vize teo ema kahe che ke prAtaHkALe cAlIsa jeTalA hastapratalekhana karatA lahiyAone lakhavA besADatA. eka lihiyAne vyAkaraNazAstranI pahelI lITI lakhAve, lahiyo e lakhe tyAre teo bIjA lahiyA pAse jAya ane potAnA bIjA graMtha alaMkArazAstranI pahelI paMkti lakhAve. Ama potAnA 40 graMthonI prathama paMkti lakhAvyA bAda teo pharI prathama kramanA lahiyA pAse jAya ane tene vyAkaraNazAstranuM bIjuM vAkya lakhAvatA. A rIte teo thoDA ja divasamAM ekasAthe cAlIsa kRtinI racanA karI zakatA hatA. e samaye zrImad rAjacaMdra jIvita hatA ane vIracaMda gAMdhI emanA adabhuta zatAvadhAnanA prayogo aMge vAta kare che. muMbaImAM vaiSNava saMpradAyanA paM. gaTulAlajI aMdhatvane kAraNe abhyAsa karI zakyA nahIM, paraMtu bIjA pAsethI sAMbhaLIne potAnI smRti-zaktinA baLe sAMbhaLelA phakarAo koI paNa samaye punaH bolI zakatA hatA. pazcimanA dezomAM bhAratIya loko vize tuccha, jaMgalI ane kUra sAmAjika rUDhi dharAvanArAno khyAla hato, tyAre vIracaMda gAMdhInA A vicAroe amerikanonA manamAM bhAratanI kevI bhavya chabI sarjI haze te vicAra Aje paNa romAMcita kare che ! e pachInA prakaraNamAM teo hiMdu dharma, jaina dharma ane bauddha dharmanA mahattvanA siddhAMtonI carcA kare che ane A traNe vicAradhArA AtmA, karma ane punarjanma jevA siddhAMto kevI rIte darzAve che tenI carcA kare che. AmAM deva, devIo, asura, prajApati vagerenA artho paNa samajAve che. The True Laws of Life'mAM pUrva ane pazcimanA jIvana vizenI bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che bhinnatAnI vAta kare che. maitrI, karuNA, muditA ane upekSAnA cAra siddhAMto darzAve che. AmAM AtmA ane deha vaccenA saMbaMdhane pragaTa kare che. pUrva ane pazcimanI jIvanapaddhatinAM mULa tattvone darzAve che. baMne sukhanI zodha calAve che, paraMtu pUrvano sukhano artha AtmA sAthe joDAyelo AdhyAtmika artha che. pazcimano sukhano vicAra zarIra sAthe joDAyelo che ane zarIrasukhamAM ja e sukhanI samApti mAne che. 'Jain Doctrine of Karma' vize vIracaMda gAMdhIe vizvanuM sauprathama dhyAna kheMcyuM. pazcimanA jaina dharmanA vidvAna glAsanepa jaina karmasiddhAMtanA UMDA abhyAsI hatA ane potAno DokTareTano nibaMdha A viSaya para lakhyo hato. emanA kahevA pramANe vIracaMda gAMdhInAM A pravacano Aje paNa A viSayamAM navo prakAza pADanArAM che. svataMtra rIte vicAranArI buddhipratibhAnI jIvaMtatA jovA maLe che. mAtra e durbhAgya gaNAya ke vIracaMda gAMdhIe ApelA jaina dharmanA siddhAMta bahu ochA lokonA dhyAnamAM AvyA ane ene pariNAme bhAratIya zAstromAM UMDo rasa lenArAoe paNa vIracaMda gAMdhIe ApelA A siddhAMto vize bahu UMDANathI vicAra karyo nahIM. vIracaMda gAMdhI karma vize vaidika, bauddhika ane jaina dharmanI vicAradhArAone jANatA hatA. karma zabdanA judA judA samaye thayelA arthonA parivartanane samajatA hatA ane ethI temano karma vizeno UMDo abhyAsa 'karma philaoNsophI' nAmanA graMthamAM jovA maLe che. bhUkhe maravuM bahetara The Science of Eating" prakaraNa eka arthamAM aitihAsika kahI zakAya tevuM che. AjanA samayamAM zAkAhAranI tarapheNamAM mAMsAhAra viruddha je vigato rajU thAya che, te AmAM najare paDe che. vIracaMda gAMdhInI vyApaka, sUkSma ane sarvagrAhI dRSTino khyAla Ape che. vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI zAkAhArI hatA ane kadAca amerikAnI dharatI para paga mUkanAra pahelA zAkAhArI hatA. teo kahe che ke mANasa e mULabhUta rIte mAMsAhArI prANI nathI. eNnimala phUDa thI mANasamAM 'enimala necara' jAge che ane enAthI aneka prakAranA rogo thAya che. kensara jevA rogomAM paNa A khorAka kAraNabhUta che. ane vaLI mAMsAhArI khorAka e khorAka sAthe uttejanAtmaka pINuM mAge che. koI 75.

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* bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che kahe che ke mAre bhUkhyA rahIne marI javuM ke pachI mAMsa ArogavuM ? vIracaMda gAMdhI kahe che ke to bhUkhyA rahIne maravuM bahetara che. teo evo upAya paNa batAve che ke amerikAmAM paNa mAMsAhAra karavAnI jarUra nathI. kaeNliphaoNrniyAmAMthI pUratuM anAja maLI zake tema che. bIjI bAju amerikanonI khorAka rAMdhavAnI paddhati vize paNa vIracaMda gAMdhI kahe che ke - When rice is cooked in the ordinary American fashion, it is cooked till it is paste, which might be very good to paste paper on a wall but is not good to eat.' (p. 195) teo noMdhe che ke bhAratamAM briTiza rAjya AvyuM, te pahelAM cAno paNa pracAra nahoto. bhAratamAM sauthI moTuM pINuM te pANI che, jyAre vIracaMda gAMdhI Azcarya pragaTa kare che ke jarmana loko pIvA mATe pANI pUratuM nahIM hovAthI bIyara pIvAnuM kahe che - evuM bhAratamAM nathI. bhAratamAM to koI bIyarane aDe to snAna kare che. bhAratanI sUryAsta pahelAM bhojana karavAnI paddhatinI vaijJAnikatAnI vAta kare che. Azcaryajanaka hakIkata e che ke je samaye mAtra mAMsAhAranI bolabAlA hatI, e samaye ane e pradezamAM jaIne vIracaMda gAMdhIe zAkAhArano mahimA karyo haze. eka bAjuthI mAnavIne mATe yogya khorAkanI carcA kare che, to bIjI tarapha AbhAmaMDaLa jevI gahana bAbatanI samajaNa Ape che, jyAre Ancient IndiamAM Arya prajA, vaidika sAhitya ane e samayanI samAja racanAno Alekha BALU 9. Contribution of Jainism to Philosophy, History and Progress' nAmanA *Asiatic quarterly review'nA julAI 1900nA aMkamAM pragaTa thayelA A lekhamAM jaina philosophInAM mukhya tattvono emaNe paricaya Apyo che. enA judA judA siddhAMto darzAvyA che. enI sAhityika gatividhio temaja jaina samAjano zikSaNa mATeno prema darzAvyAM che. - lorDa karjhana ane jaina sthApatya vIracaMda gAMdhInA prayatnothI jaina samAja ane pAlitANAnA ThAkora vacce pAlitANAnI yAtrA para nakhAyelA vyaktidITha be rUpiyAnA mUMDakAverA aMge samAdhAna thayuM hatuM ane laoNrDa re ane zrImatI re pAlitANA AvyAM hatAM ane * bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA briTiza sarakArI pratinidhino A sarvaprathama sattAvAra ane jAhera kAryakrama hato. ethIya vizeSa bhAratIya vAisaraoNya laoNrDa karjhanane paNa maLavA gayelA. jaina pratinidhimaMDaLa vize karelI noMdha A pramANe che : "Among the various communities which have addressed me since my arrival in India there is none whose words of welcome awaken a more responsive echo in my breast than the Jains. I am aware of the high ideas embodied in your religion, of the scrupulous conception of humanity which you entertain, of your great mercantile influence and activity, and of the ample charities that have characterized your public and private dispensations. Previous travels in India have also familiarized me with many of your temples, in whose architectural features I have observed a refinement that reminds me of the great days of Asiatic art." vIracaMda gAMdhIe vaoNziMgTanamAM 'Man's relation to the Universe nAmanuM pravacana ApyuM hatuM ane emAM AtmAnA judA judA prakAro darzAvyA hatA. 'Indias message to America' e vIracaMda gAMdhIno eka mahattvano lekha che. A lekhamAM emanI bhAratanI parAdhInatAnI pIDA joI zakAya che. e kahe che ke tame amerikano jema jyaoNrja vaoNziMgTananI dezabhaktinI vAta karo cho, e ja rIte amAre tyAM rAjA azoka thaI gayo hato. tame abrAhama liMkananI vAta karo cho, to amAre tyAM rAjA vikrama thaI gayo hato. A rIte judI judI sarakhAmaNI karIne vIracaMda gAMdhIe bhArata vize mizanarIoe phelAvelA khoTA khyAlane dUra karavA prayAsa karyo hato ane bhAratanI bhUmi para thayelI mahAna vyaktionI oLakha ApIne bhAratIya gaurava pragaTa karyuM. bhramajALanuM bhedana 'dha jaina philosophInA 'Impressions of America' lekhamAM amerikA vizenA potAnA anubhavo darzAvyA che. jyAre 'Some mistake corrected'mAM emaNe hiMduo vizenI bhrAMta dhAraNAo dUra karavAno prayatna karyo che. bhArata pAse koI itihAsa nathI ema pazcimamAM mAnavAmAM Ave che. teno virodha karIne temaNe vedonI vAta karI. bIjI vAta bhAratanI jJAtiprathAnAM mULa ane 16

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2 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " haitune batAvIne emaNe kahyuM che ke teo jJAtiprathAno bacAva karatA nathI, paraMtu e zA mATe ubhavI te samajavuM joIe. prAcIna vedomAM jJAtiprathAno kyAMya ullekho nathI ane tethI e amArA prAcIna dharma ke tattvajJAnano bhAga nathI. jJAtiprathA e eka dhArmika sattAne badale sAmAjika prathA che. e ja rIte bhAratIya strIo gulAma jevuM jIvana gALe che tevA pazcimanA khyAlo para teo prahAra kare che. eTaluM ja nahIM paNa bhAratIya lagnaprathA darzAvIne strIono mahimA darzAve che. bhAratIya lokonA naitika jIvana aMge ghaNI gerasamaja pravarte che. e kahe che ke ucca naitika jIvana, nyAya, satya, pavitratA e dareka hiMdune mATe mahattvanAM che. mAtra vANIthI ja nahIM, paNa rojanA AcAramAM e pragaTa thatAM hoya che. teo noMdhe che. "Thou shalt not kill, thou shalt not covet, thou shalt not commit adultery, thou shalt not lie", are commandments with us as with you, and thou shalt practice virtue, good will, right conduct, not toward men only, but toward all living beings, are also parts of our moral code, which no Hindu can forget or deny without bringing down upon him corresponding evils and retribution." (p. 312) mULa saMskRti bhAratIya A rIte apapracAra ane ajJAnane kAraNe amerikana lokomAM bhAratIya prajA vize je mAnyatA phelAI che, eno vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI suMdara dalIlo dvArA uttara Ape che. vIracaMda gAMdhI kyAMka jaina lAge che, kyAMka hiMdu lAge che paNa badhe ja bhAratIya che. eTaluM ja nahIM paNa e kahe che ke A mahAna bhAratamAM tamane prAcIna uttama jIvana, uSmAbharyuM Atithya ane jeno prema satata vahe che tevI priya vRddha mAtA maLaze. bhArata ane amerikA baMnenA saMbaMdhothI ekabIjAne zuM lAbha thAya enI paNa vIracaMda gAMdhI vAta kare che ane te aMgenAM sUcano paNa Ape che. A rIte 'jaina philosophI' graMthamAM vIracaMda gAMdhIe jainadarzananI sAthosAtha bhAratanA prAcIna gaurava ane enI sAcI vartamAna paristhitino khyAla Apyo che. AthI ja emanAM pravacano ghaNAM vicArapreraka ane mAhitIprada gaNAtAM hatAM. bhAratIya saMskRtinI vAta karavAnI sAthosAtha jarUra paDe brAhmaNa, - bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA jaina ane bauddha dharmanA graMthonAM tAraNo ApatAM hatAM. emanA mate bhAratanI mULa saMskRti vaidika nathI, jaina nathI, bauddha paNa nathI, paraMtu bhAratIya che. eno khyAla to tyAre Ave ke keTalIka vAra 'hiMdu' zabdano prayoga teoe 'inDiyana'nA arthamAM karyo che. prAcIna bhArata ane vartamAna bhAratanA sAmAjika ane naitika darajjAnI vAta kare che. jaina dharmanA mULabhUta siddhAMtonI sAthe sAthe Izvara vizenI emanI vibhAvanA, mokSa vizeno khyAla, AtmA, dayA jevA aneka viSayo para vIracaMda gAMdhI vAta kare che. vIracaMda gAMdhIne mATe be prazno hatA. eka, emanA zrotAjano emanA viSayavastuthI sAva aparicita hatA ane bIjuM, viSaya evo kaThina hato ke jemAM paribhASAnuM jJAna jarUrI hatuM. A baMne muzkelIo pAra karavAmAM vIracaMda gAMdhI saphaLa rahyA che. emaNe saMskRtanA abhyAsano ghaNo mahimA karyo ane prAcIna bhAratanA gauravane jANavA mATe ene anivArya gaNAvyuM. krizciyanonI bhAratamAM dharmAtaranI pravRttinI vIracaMda gAMdhIe TIkA karI che, to bIjI bAju amerikA ane iMglenDanI apanAvavA yogya bAbata temaja umadA svabhAva dharAvanArA aMgreja ane amerikana mahAnubhAvono emaNe Adara paNa karyo che. ane emAMnA keTalAka sAthe emane maMtrI paNa hatI. vIracaMda gAMdhI aMgrejI bhASA para prabhutva dharAvatA hatA, te uparAMta emaNe saMskRta, prAkRta ane pAli graMthonA pazcimanA vidvAnoe aMgrejImAM karelA anuvAdono pUro lAbha uThAvyo hato ane emAM paNa jarUra paDe emaNe potAnI vicArasaraNIne AgavI rIte darzAvI che. bhAratIya prAcIna graMthonA hArdane darzAvavAmAM e pUrepUrA saphaLa thayA che. sauthI mahattvanI bAbata to e che ke bhAratIya tattvajJAnanAM evAM tattvone emaNe amerikana prajA samakSa rajU karyo che ke jemAMthI emanAmAM A tattvajJAna pratye mAtra Adara ja nahIM, paNa UMDo rasa ane jijJAsA jAge. e hakIkata che ke teo e samayanI aneka vicAraka ane tattvapriya vyaktiomAM Avo UMDo rasa jagADI zakyA hatA. A ja bAbata vIracaMda gAMdhInA kAryano prabhAva ane mahattva puravAra kare che. 'jaina philaoNsophI'nA lekhonA viSayavastu vize vigate joyuM, e pachI bIjuM pustaka 1913mAM 'karma philosophI'nA nAme maLe che. A pustakamAM emaNe

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA jaina dharmanA karmanA tattvajJAnano vistRta paricaya Apyo. enI prathama AvRttinA saMpAdaka bhagubhAI kArabhArIne A viyanI saghaLI sAmagrI laMDananA harbarTa vorana pAsethI maLI hatI. vIracaMda gAMdhI hiMdu dharma ane jaina dharma baMnenA karmanA siddhAMto jANatA hatA ane enA pariNAme emaNe pragaTa karelA jaina dharmanA karmanA tattvajJAna vizeno graMtha eka vaijJAnika ane pRthakkaraNAtmaka rIte pravAhI aMgrejI bhASAmAM lakhAyelo graMtha gaNyo. hipnoTijhamanI ghaTanA A pachI emano 'yoga philosophI' nAmano graMtha pragaTa thayo, jemAM yoganA kSetramAM eka navo ja prakAza paDe che. bhAratanA rahasyavAdane darzAvIne zvAsanuM vijJAna, hipnoTijhama, gUDha vidyA, Atma-saMskRtinA vyAvahArika niyamo ane maeNgneTijhama jevA viSayo para tarkabaddha rajUAta kare che. ahIM hipnoTijhama vize eka vigata joIe. "mere sAthI' nAmanA pustakamAM mahAtmA bhagavAnadIne A pramANe noMdhyuM che : "zrI vIracaMdabhAIe amerikAmAM jAhera karyuM ke hipnoTijhama nAme oLakhAtI vidyAne janma ApanAra bhArata che. AhAhA ! te vakhate zrI vIracaMda gAMdhIthI loko keTalA badhA prabhAvita thayA haze ! mesonika TaeNmpalamAM hipnoTijhama para pravacana ApatAM temaNe kahyuM, "battIo baMdha karI do ane mAtra AchuM ja ajavALuM rahevA do." ema thatAM ja sapheda vastramAM paridhAna thayelA e bhAratIyanA zarIramAMthI eka tejarAzi camakavA lAgI, ane emanI sapheda pAghaDI to evI jhabakArA mAratI hatI ke jANe gAMdhInA caherA pAchaLa koI sUraja camakI rahyo na hoya !" AvI ja rIte I. sa. 1970mAM apragaTa hastaprata parathI zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya vIracaMda gAMdhInuM 'dha sisTamsa opha inDiyana philosophI'nuM DAM. ke, ke, dIkSite saMpAdana karelA pustakanuM prakAzana karyuM. AmAM emaNe sAMkhya, nyAya, mImAMsA, vedAMta temaja bauddha dharma ane jaina dharmanA keTalAka siddhAMto vize kareluM Alekhana maLe che. vIracaMda gAMdhI 1898mAM zatruMjaya tIrtha vizenA dAvAnI apIla sekreTarI oNpha sTeTa samakSa rajU karavAnI hovAthI iMglenDa gayA hatA ane temAM emane - 80 * bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che saphaLatA maLI hatI. teo iMglenDa hatA tyAre temanI tabiyata lathaDI. yuvAnImAM kAmanA puSkaLa boja heThaLa teo jIvyA. emanuM svAcya ATalI badhI pravRttiono bhAra khamI zake tema nahotuM. teo bhArata AvyA tyAre zarIre sAva naMkhAI gayA hatA. svadeza pAchA pharyA ane be aThavADiyAM pachI 7mI oNgasTa 1901nA roja emano dehAMta thayo. A samaye pAMca divasa sudhI mahuvAnAM bajAro baMdha rahyAM hatAM. jyota punaH prajvalita karIe vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInI kAmagIrInuM mUlyAMkana karatI vakhate AjathI 116 varSa pUrvenA vizvanI sthitino vicAra karavo joIe. e samaye mahuvAthI pAlitANA javA mATe emane vAraMvAra baLadagADA ke ghoDA para javuM paDatuM hatuM. e ja rIte videza-pravAsa vimAnamArge to hato nahIM. tethI mAtra dariyAI mArge zakya hovAthI mahinAo sudhI emane sTImaramAM rahevuM paDatuM hatuM. e jamAnAmAM saMdezAvyavahAranA sAdhana tarIke mAtra TapAlavyavahAra hato. Teliphona paNa nahoto, tyAre A TapAlavyavahArane kAraNe, koI paNa kAryamAM ghaNo lAMbo samaya vItI jato. pote baeNrisTara thayA hovA chatAM vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhIe vakIlAtano vyavasAya karavAne badale potAnI nipuNatAno dharma, samAja ane rASTra mATe upayoga karyo ane e mATe jIvana samarpI dIdhuM. atyaMta kUTa dhArmika praznamAM uttama saphaLatA hAMsala karanArane samAje biradAvyA kharA, paraMtu emanI Arthika sadhdharatAno koI vicAra karyo nahi. joke vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhIne AnI paravA paNa kyAMthI hoya ? emanA hRdayamAM to potAnA rASTranI AdhyAtmika, sAMskRtika ane mAnavatAlakSI samRddhi jagatane darzAvavAno avirata dhabakAra cAlato hato. ekavIsamI sadI jaina dharmanI sadI bane evI Aje bhAvanA sevavAmAM Ave che, paraMtu jo vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInA avasAna bAda emanuM kArya jaina samAje AgaLa dhapAvyuM hota, to vIsamI sadI e jaina siddhAMtonI sadI banI hota, paNa A mAna pratibhAnuM taddana vismaraNa thaI gayuM. je samAja potAnA bhUtakALanuM vismaraNa kare che, eno bhaviSyakALa hoto nathI. vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInA vismaraNanI ghaNI moTI kiMmata samAjane cUkavavI paDI che. - 81 --

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che 1969nI 24mI Disembare jainadarzananA mahAna vidvAna, prakAMDa paMDita sukhalAlajIe lakhyuM, 'huM prathama to e sUcavuM chuM ke zrIyuta gAMdhInAM e traNe pustakono prAmANika anuvAda ke sAra hiMdI, gujarAtI Adi bhASAmAM jaladI prakAzita thavo joIe, ane dharmatattvajJAnanA jaina paraMparAmAM calAvAtA vargomAM enuM sthAna avazya rahevuM joIe. ema thaze to ja navI peDhInuM mana saMkucita banavAne badale vikasita thaze ane upekSA pAmatI dhArmika pAThazALAonA abhyAsIomAM kAMIka teja Avaze. teo punaH kahe che, mArI dRSTie A bhAratIya darzanonAM badhAM ja vyAkhyAnone pahelI take hiMdImAM utAravAM joIe, jethI te vidyAnA madhyama kakSAnA ke ucca kakSAnA abhyAsIone sugama bane ane TUMkamAM ene joItuM vastu prAmANika rUpe labhya bane, je tyAra pachInA vizALakAya graMthonA parizIlanamAM bahu upayogI siddha thAya." Aje 40 varSe paNa ApaNe AmAMnuM kazuM karI zakyA nathI teno aphasosa anubhavAya che. Aje tIrthonI rakSAnA prazno samAjane korI rahyA che. aMgrejI bhASAmAM AbAlavRddhane upayogI thAya tevuM jaina tattvajJAna sarjI zakyA nathI. dharmadaSTinI vyApakatA hajI keLavAI nathI ane vaizvika samasyAnA nirAkaraNamAM jaina dharma koI asarakAraka bhUmikA bhajavI zakyo nathI, emanI nirbhIkatA, satyapriyatA ane vizALa dRSTi Aje kyAM che? emanI vaizvika bhAIcArAnI, dezodezo vacce zAMtimaya sahaastitvanI ane vizvabaMdhutvanI bhAvanA jaina dharmanA siddhAMtothI khIlavI zakyA chIe kharA ? hA, e sAcuM ke A dizAmAM dhIre dhIre thoDI pragati thaI che. paNa have ekasothI vadhu varSo pUrve emaNe karelAM kAryanI jyotane punaH prajvalita karavAnI ghaDI AvI cUkI che. vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInA Adarzane lakSamAM rAkhIne jaina samAje A pragatinI haraNaphALa bharavAnI jarUra che ane e ja samAje vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhIne bhAratIya saMskRtinA AtmA tarIke oLakhavAnI ane rASTramAM sthApana karavAnI jarUra che. A ja banaze e mahA mAnavane apAyelI sAcI aMjali. raDavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdha - 82 -- 83

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2DavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdha arthAt jaina matanA pramANo sahita atizaya zoka rUdana ane kuTana karavAno niSedhakAraka nibaMdha arpaNapatrikA neka nAmadAra guNajJa zeTha talakacaMda mANekacaMda jasTIsa opha dhI pIsa. Apa jainabhAIonI sudharelI sthiti jovAne ghaNA Atura cho. yuvAna jainagraMthakAronA guNanI gaNanA karI yogya Azraya ApavAne aharniza agresara cho, jainabhAIonI sAMsArika tathA dhArmika sthiti sudhAravAne ghaNI kALajI rAkho cho, ApaNI keTalIeka kharAba rUDhiono nAza karavAne tathA jainazAsananI unnati karavAne tana mana ane dhana vaDe yogya madada Apo cho, ane sevaka upara pitA tulya pUrNa prIti ane mAyALu mamatA rAkhI AgaLa vadhelo jovA Atura cho ityAdi ityAdi kAraNone lIdhe bhaktipUrvaka A laghu pustaka sAthe ApanuM mubAraka nAma joDI rAkhIne magarUra thAuM chapAvI prasiddha karanAra gAMdhI vIracaMda rAghavajI bI.e. dhI jaina esozIezana opha iMDIyAnA maMtrI, muMbaI doharo zoka rUdana kuTana tajo , zAMtabhAva diladhAri, dharma kRtya snehe sajo, A parabhava hitakAri. zloka omiti paMDitAH kuryurazrupAtaM ca madhyamAH / adhamAzca ziroghAtaM zoke dharma vivekinaH / / lI. sevaka vIracaMda. vardhamAna saMvata 2412. vikrama saMvata 1942 kIMmata - 0-ra-0 - 84 85

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prastAvanA vivekI jaina baMdhuo ! kRpALu briTiza rAjyanA inasAphI amala taLe A AryAvRttamAM ApaNA lokoe vighAdevInuM caraNa sevana karavA mAMDyuM che. vidyA vaDe satyAsatya, heyopAdeya ane sArAsAranI samajaNa paDe che. vidhAnA abhAve hAlamAM ApaNI sthiti AgaLa karatAM ghaNI nabaLI dekhAya che. jevA vidvAno, AcAryo ane sAdhuo ApaNAmAM purvakALe hatA tevA Aje nathI. AthI ema thayuM ke divase divase lokomAMthI samaja zakti ghaTavA lAgI ane tene lIdhe aneka prakAranI kharAba rUDhIo ApaNAmAM peThI. je rItIo viSe zAstramAM spaSTa manA che, tevI rItIone dAkhala karI virUddhAcaraNa karavA mAMDyuM. vidyAnA abhAve ema banatuMja AvyuM che, ane e pramANe ApaNAmAM bane emAM zuM Azcarya ? kAraNa vighA e manuSyane sArAsArano viveka zIkhave che, paNa avighA eto avaLe rasteja caDAve che. AthI mArA jainabhAI bhulA paDI avaLe raste caDyA ane anya dharmIone karatA joI dekhAdekhIthI tevAM kAryo pote paNa karavA mAMDyAM. eka vakhata evo paNa hato ke ApaNuM vartana nIhALI anyadharmIo tenuM anukaraNa karatA, ane Aje eka vakhata evo paNa Avyo che ke anyadharmIonuM vartana nIhALI ApaNe tenuM anukaraNa karIe chIe. keTalo badho aphasosa ! keTalI badhI dIlagIrI !! lokonI ATalI badhI gerasamajaNa thaI enuM kAraNa zuM ? bIjAne pagale ApaNe cAlavA lAgyA enuM prayojana zuM ? eja , eja , mAtra vidyAno abhAva eja . suzIla baMdhuo ! paNa have te samayane nAsavAno vakhata Avyo che, avidyAe palAyana karI javA taka sAdhI che ane vehemAdi aMdhakAra nAza pAmavAnI taiyArImAM che. prathamanI vidyA, zakti ane kIrti meLavavAno samaya lagabhaga najadIka Avyo che. mATe, sujJa baMdhuo ! AvA susamayano lAbha levA e kasaMpathI uTho, eka tarapha pratApI briTiza sarakAranA surAjyathI vidyArUpa sUryano udaya thayo che, bIjI taraphathI muMbaInI dhI jaina esozIezana opha iMDIA (bhAratavarSIya jainasamAja ) sAMsArika, dhArmika ane rAja kIya sudhArA mATe mathana kare che ane trIjI taraphathI nyAyAbhAnidhi mahAmuni rAja zrImad AtmArAmajI mahArAja deza pradeza ziSyo sahita vihAra karI dharmabodha Ape che. have koNa kaheze ke prathamanI sthiti saMpAdana karavAno samaya najadIka nathI Avyo ? koI ja nahIM. mATe sarve bhAIo AvI sarasa takano lAbha levA tatpara thAo e ja mArI namra vijJApanA che. - 2DavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdha muMbaInI dhI jaina esozIezana opha iDIA dhArmika, sAMsArika ane rAja kIya viSayo upara ghaNuM sAruM lakSa Ape che. dara mAse jAhera sabhA ekaThI karI sarvopayogI viSayo upara yuvAna zrAvaka vIra pAse bhASaNo karAve che. lokone sAthI ghaNI vAra asara paNa thAya che. esozIezanano A udeza prazaMsanIya che. ane tethI sarve vAMcanAra bhAIo khullA dIlathI emaja icchaze ke esozIezananA manoratha phaLIbhUta thAo. thoDo vakhata upara '2DavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla'nA niSedha viSe vaDodarA nivAsI jhaverI mANekalAla ghelAbhAIe eka sarasa bhASaNa ApyuM hatuM. e bhASaNathI lokone teja samaye khAtrI thaI hatI ke duSTa cAlanuM jaDamuLathI avazya nikaMdana thavuM joIe. paraMtu ApaNA jenabhAIomAM e jJAna smazanA vairAgya samAna che. kAraNa ke ApaNAmAM bhASaNa sAMbhaLI rahyA pachI ghera jaIne agara bIje ThekANe e viSaya upara manana yA vivecana karavAnI rItI nathI, ane tethI sAMbhaLatI vakhate je asara thAya che te chevaTa sudhI kAyama rahI zakatI nathI. jyAre Ama che tyAre eno upAya zuM ? AvI dharmaviruddha duSTa cAlanuM nikaMdana karavuM e to avazyanuM che. vadhAre vicAra karatAM mane ema mAlama paDyuM ke A viSaya upara zAstranA pramANa sahita eka nibaMdha racAya ane te chapAvI prasiddha karavAmAM Ave to uttama, A vicArane amalamAM ANavAne meM prayatna karyo paraMtu esozIezananA kAmanA dabANathI ene mArA cAlatA abhyAsanA vakhatamAMthI phurasada nahIM maLavAne lIdhe mArI murAda bara AvI nahIM. paNa tyAre zuM AvA eka sarasa vicArane taddana uDAvI devo e yogya che? kadI nahIM. tyAre have zuM karavuM ? evA prazna uparathI samAdhAna upara AvatAM aMte evo nizcaya thayo ke e nibaMdha racAvavA eka inAma kADhavuM. ane temAMthI jeno sarasa nibaMdha lakhAya tene e inAma ApavuM. ane tethI bhAvanagaranI zrIjainadharma hitecchu sabhA taraphathI nikaLatAM 'zrI jaina hiteccha' nAmanA mAsika copAnIyAmAM e viSaya upara sarasa nibaMdha lakhanArane rU. 25-0-0nuM inAma ApavAnuM jAhera karAvyuM. lakhAI AvelA nibaMdhamAMthI karacha-koDA nivAsI bhAI ravajI devarAjano lakhelo nibaMdha pasaMda karavAmAM Avyo. ane tene mArA taraphathI jAhera kareluM rU. 25-0-0nuM inAma ApavAmAM AvyuM che. nibaMdhamAM bIjI ghaNI agatyanI bAbatono samAveza karavAnI mane jarUra jaNAyAthI meM te pramANe kIdheluM che. e pramANe ryA pachI e nibaMdha A pustakarUpe ApanA hAthamAM mUkuM chuM. te Apa athathI iti sudhI vAMcI, vaMcAvI temAMthI kiMcit mAtra paNa sAra grahaNa karavA utsuka thazo to mAro karelo zrama huM phaLIbhUta thaelo mAnIza. 86

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raDavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdha 2 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " jaina bhAIomAM sastu vAMcana phelAvavAno prayatna adyApi paryata thayo nathI tethI evA prayatnane kaMIka uttejana maLe evI mArI icchA hovAne lIdhe A nibaMdha meM eja dhoraNa upara bahAra pADyo che. eTale ke nibaMdhanA kada tarapha najara na rAkhatAM tenI kImata mAtra beja AnA rAkhavAmAM AvI che. AthI raMka ane zrImanta ene ekasarakhI rIte kharIdI zakaze ane tethI AzA che ke Ano bahoLo phelAvo thaze. AvI eka nahIM paNa aneka duSTa cAlo dura karavA rUpa sAMsArika sudhArA saMbaMdhI, dhArmika sudhArA saMbaMdhI ane rAjakIya sudhArA saMbaMdhI sastI kImate nibaMdho bahAra pADI lokonI najara sAme dharavAnI jarUra che. huM AzA rAkhuM chuM ke mArA svadharmI bhAIo mArI A UlaTamAM bhAga laI mane sAhApya thaze. tathAstu ! vIracaMda rAghavajI maMgaLAcaraNa namaH zrIvItarAgAya bItadoSAya cAhate / zokasaMtApasaMtaptajanasaMprINaneMdave / / jaya Adi jinezvara zoka harA, jaya zAMti jinezvara zAMti karA; jaya nemi jineMdra kRpAMbunidhi, jaya pArzva jineMdra vikhyAta ati. 1 jaya vIra prabhu trizalA sutajI, jasa nAma thakI jaya thAya hajI; guru gautama maMgala kAri smaro; sahu zoka nivAri azoka dharo. 2 vaLI jaMbu munIzvara zIla zuci, guNa gAna karo tasa dhAri rUci; karI maMgala e vidhithI niratuM, mRtarodanarodhana bodha racuM. 3 vivekaH sarvasaukhyAnAM mUlaM zAstre nirUpitaH / tato vivekamArgeNa vartanIyaM vicakSaNaiH / / sarva zAstromAM viveka eja samasta sukhonuM mULa kahela che; mATe vicakSaNa purUSoe viveka mArgathIja pravartavuM (jethI sarva sukho prApta thAya.) avivekasamutpannA yA yAH saMtIha rUDhayaH / hAsyAspadaM pareSAM tAH parihAryA vivekibhiH / / aviveka eTale ajJAna, tenAthI thayelI je je kharAba cAlo ApaNAmAM varte che ane je cAlothI paradharmIo (aMgrejo vigere) ApaNI hAMsI kare che tevI kharAba cAlono vivekI janoe durathI ja tyAga karavo. zabda vyAkhyA zoka, rUdana ane kuTTana e traNe ArtadhyAnavALA janonI pravRttio che. zoka e mAnasika pravRtti che eTale ke ciMtA karavI tenuM nAma zoka, vaLI zokano arati paNa kahe che. arthAt, hareka priya vastunA viyoge ane apriya vastunA saMyoge dilamAM je saMtApa karavo tenuM nAma zoka. + 88 -- - 89 -

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2 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " rUdana (2DavuM) e zoka batAvanArI bAharanI vAcika pravRtti che. eTale ke cittanI aMdara thayelA zakane vAddhArA batAvavAnI je pravRtti te rUdana athavA AkraMda kahevAya che. kuraina (kuTavuM) e zokanI atyaMta adhikatA batAvavA mATe potAnA zarIra upara karAtI kAyika pravRtti che. eTaleke manamAM rahelA zokane vacanathI jAhera karI te zokanI adhikatA batAvavA mATe mastaka, chAtI, peTa vigere kuTevo tenuM nAma kukrena. e rIte traNe zabdonI vyAkhyA karI have teonuM svarUpa kahevAmAM Aveche. * raDavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdha artha : te dhyAnanA AkraMdana, zoka, rUdana ane kuphrena e liMgo che; ane te liMgo iSTa vastunA viyoga, aniSTa vastunA saMyoga ane vedanA e traNa hetuothI thAya che. ane AdhyAna e tiryagnatino muLa hetu che. kahyuM che ke adambhANaM saMsAravaDaNaM tiriyagaimUlaM 10 eTale ke AdhyAnathI jIvane kAMI paNa lAbha nahIM maLatAM phogaTa karmabaMdhana thAya che ane tethI bhavAMtare tiryagAdi gati prApta thAya che. mATeja e ArtadhyAnano tyAga karavAnIja tajavIjamAM sapurUSoe pravartavuM ema zAstrakAra kahe che. savappamAyamUlaM bajjeyavvaM payatteNaM 18 eTaleke ArtadhyAna sarvapramAdanuM mULa che tethI prayatnathI teno tyAgaja karavo. svarUpAkhyAna zoka, rUdana (2DavuM) ane kuTTana (kuTavuM) koI vakhata aMtaHkaraNanA bhAvathI karAya che ane koI vakhata mAtra bIjA lokonA manane raMjana karavA athavA potAnA atisnehipaNAnuM DoLa batAvavA phakta rUDhi tarIkeja karAya che. jemake putranA maraNathI mAbApa ane bharatAranA maravAthI tenI strI Adi atisnehio ghaNuM karIne aMtaHkaraNathI zoka, rUdana Adi kare che. paraMtu thoDo sneha dharAvanArA athavA aMdarathI abhAva rAkhanArA sagAvahAlA tathA sAdhAraNa mitra maMDaLa ghaNuM karIne je zoka rUdana Adi kare che te mAtra bIjAne khuzI karavA yAto atisnehipaNAnuM DoLa batAvavA mATeja phakta rUDhi tarIke karavAmAM Aveche. 'zoka karavo, raDavuM ane kuTavuM' enA zabdArtha ane svarUpa jaNAvyA pachI e pravRttiothI zuM zuM mAThAM phaLa utpanna thAya teno have vicAra karIe. ghaNo uDo vicAra karI jotAM mAlama paDe che ke gaI vastuno zoka karavo eto mUrkhatAnuM lakSaNa che. ekavAra bhojarAjAne kALIdAsa kavie kahyuM hatuM ke gataM na zocAmi kRtaM na manye, khAdanna gacchAmi hasanna jalpe / dAbhyAM tRtIyo na bhavAmi rAjan, kiM kAraNaM bhoja bhavAmi mUrkha / / artha : huM gaI vastuno zoka karato nathI, karelI vAtano vicAra karato nathI, khAtA khAtA cAlato nathI, hasatAM hasatA bolato nathI, be jaNa ekAMtamAM vAta karato hoya tyAM trIjo thato nathI to he bhojarAja, tame mane mUrkha kahI zo mATe bolAvyo ? teja pramANe mANasanA muvA pachI atizaya raDavuM kuTavuM e paNa mUrkhatAja che. ApaNA raDavA kuTavAthI marI gayelo pAcho Avato nathI. prANI mAtra potAnA AyuHkSaye maraNa pAme che tema ApaNe paNa ApaNA Ayu:kSaye maraNa pAmIzuM ! evA daivAdhAna kAryamAM Atizaya zoka rUdana Adi karavA e zuM ? vaLI muvA pAchaLa atizaya raDavuM kuTavuM e dhIrajanI khAmI batAvI Ape che. ane dhIraja vinAnA mANasothI koI paNa moTA kAma pAra paDatA nathI eto sarva koI jANeja che. che 95 doSavivecana ArtadhyAna, raudradhyAna, zukladhyAna ane dharmadhyAna e cAra dhyAna mAhelA AdhyAnamAMja zoka rUdana vigerenI pravRttio rahelI che. ema zrI caturdaza pUrvadhara bhagavAna zrIbhadrabAhu svAmijIe AvazyakaniryuktinA dhyAnazatakamAM kaheluM che - tassayakaMdaNasoyaNa paridevaNatADaNAiMliMgAI iTThANiviogAvioga veaNanimittAI 15

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* bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA atizaya 2DavA kuTavAnA rIvAjathI zuM zuM geraphAyadA che, tenuM varNana karatA pahelAM mANasanA maraNa pahelA tenA sagA saMbaMdhIo ane mitronI zI pharaja che te jANavAnI AvazyakatA che. aMtakAla samaye sagA snehiono dharma akasmAt maraNanI pAse mANasamAtra nirUpAya che. (ane tethIja zAstrakAro kahe che ke hAlatA cAlatA ane dareka kAma karatA mANase potAnuM citta ghaNuMja nirmaLa rAkhavuM) tethI jyAre koI mANasa thoDA vakhata sudhI paNa mAMdagI bhogavI maraNa pAme che tenA pratye tenA sagAvahAlAono dharma e che ke tenI auSadha upacArathI bane teTalI cAkarI karavI. tenuM mana duSTa dhyAnamAM pesavA devuM nahIM, dharmakathAo vigere cAlu rAkhI tenuM mana nirmaLa rAkhavuM. ADI avaLI vAto karavI nahIM. keTalAeka mUrNo tenA du:khano kAMI paNa upAya nahIM letA ulaTA raDavA kuTavA maMDI jAya che, bIlakula dhIraja rAkhatA nathI. AthI karI maranAranuM citta taddana DoLAI jAya che, tenI manovRtti sAMsArika bhAvamAM baMdhAtI jAya che, tenA du:khamAM vadhAro thato jAya che. keTalAeka to maranAranA maraNa pahelAM tene havarAve che. AthI pelAno jIva ghaNo gabharAya che. havarAve che eTaluM ja nahIM paraMtu maranAra mANasanA prANa kaMThamAMja che eve vakhate eka bhIMjavelI jagAmAM suvarAve che. ane tethI tenA prANa lenAra sauthI pahelAM enAM sagAoja thaI paDe che. kharekhara A tenA sagA nahIM paNa zatruja samajavA. jo te mANasanA zarIramAM jarA paNa zakti hoya to tarataja tenA sagAone AvA ghAtakI kAmane mATe lAkaDI laIne mAravA uThata. evA sagAo tenA mitra nathI paNa kaTTA duzmana ja che. kharA snehIono dharma ethI judoja che. teoto pahelethI chevaTa sudhI tenI sadgati thAya evAja upAyo le che. auSadha upacAra vigerethI tenI sArI sevA bajAve che, 2DavA kuTavAno zabda paNa tenA kAnamAM javA detA nathI. jyAM sudhI tenA kaMThamAM prANa che tyAM sudhI tenI zaidhyA badalAvatA nathI. rAgarAgaDA tANI tenuM mana DoLI nAkhatA nathI. ulaTA dharmavANIthI tenA cittane nirmaLa kare che. evA je hoya teja tenA sagAo, teja tenA vahAlAo ane teja tenA kharA mitro, bAkI bIjA to DoLaghAlu mAtra nAmanAja sagAo. * 2DavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdha maraNa paSThI zmazAne jatI banatano dekhAva hAlanA vakhatamAM muvelA mANasane ramazAne laI jatI vakhatano dekhAva sudharelI prajAne ghaNoja hAsipAtra thaI paDe che. gharamAMthI muDadAne bahAra kADhavuM ke tarataja strIo dhabaDa dhabaDa kuTatI ane lAMbA avAje raDatI zarIranuM kAMI paNa bhAna nahIM rAkhatAM sasarA bhartAranI lAjane paradeza mukI tenI pAchaLa thoDe dUra jAya che. puruSa paNa raDavAmAM kAMI bAkI rAkhatA nathI. poke poka mukI eTalA to moTA avAjathI teo raDe che ke sArA vicAranA sadagRhastho temanuM te raDavuM joI hase che. koIto keDe hAtha daI evAto moTA ghAMTA kADhe che ke te vakhate tenI AkRti ghaNI bIhAmaNI thaI jAya che. moTA moTA ghAMTA kADhI (ane te vaLI) jAhera rastAmAM raDavuM ethI maranAranA mAnano bhaMga thAya che. UMDo vicAra karI jotA mAluma paDe che ke maranAranI pAchaLa jatA lokono samudAya e eka zokarAjAno varaghoDo ja che. varaghoDAmAM mANasoe rItasara cAlavuM joIe, gaMbhIratA batAvavI joIe, ene badale ulaTA bIjA lokone mazkarInA pAtra thaI paDe evo dekhAva khaDo thAya che. dunIyAno svAbhAvika niyama che ke muDadu jovAthI mANasanA manamAM vairAgyarasa pragaTe to A prasaMge lokoe evI rIte vartavuM joIe ke temanA vartanathI bIjA lokonA manamAM vairAgya vadhato jAya. tema nahIM pharatA hAlanA vakhatamAM judIja rIte vartana thAya che. keTalAeka to phakta bIjAne batAvavA mATe DhoMga karIne 2De che. vaLI keTalAeka jyAM sudhI gAmanI aMdara zaba hoya tyAM sudhIja kAMIke raDe che paNa daravAjA bahAra gayA ke badhA cupa thaI jAya che ane marajImAM Ave tevI ADI avaLI vAto karatA smazAne pahoMce che. teone zarama paNa nathI AvatI ke maraNa jevA gaMbhIra avasare ADAavaLA gappAM kema mArIe.. smazAnamAM pahoMcyA eTale zoka to badho dUra thaI gayelo ja jaNAI Ave che. koI kaMI vAta kare che, koI kaMI vAta kare che. koI hasIne gappA mAryA kare che. A pramANe smazAnamAM judI judI ToLIo thaIne jude jude ThekANe bese che. koI ajANyo ane A dezanI rUDhithI bInamAhatagAra zakhasa tyAM Avyo hoya - 93

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2 2DavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdha raDavA kuTavAnA rIvAjane anusaranArA lokomAMthI pratyeka judI judI apekSAe anusare che, mA bApa potAno nirvaza javAthI 2De che, sevaka potAno pALanAra javAthI raDe che, strI potAno bhartAra javAthI raDe che, putra teno pitA javAthI raDe che, bIjA saMbaMdhIo tenI khoTa paDavAthI 2De che, keTalAeka temanA uttama guNone mATe raDe che, keTalAeka potAnA svArthabhraMzane mATe raDe che. A pramANe judA judA kAraNothI judA judA zakhazo dIlagIra thAya che emAM navAI nathI. - bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " to emaja dhAre ke A loko jarA gammata karavA aMhI AvyA che. aphasosa ! aphasosa ! kevI dhikkAravA yogya rIti ! maraNa prasaMge guppo zA mAravA ! je prasaMge gaMbhIratAno te vakhate ThaThA mazkarI zI ! AvA prasaMge ghaNIja gaMbhIratA rAkhavI joIe. marajI mujaba varatI maranAranuM temaja potAnI jJAtinuM mAnabhaMga karavuM nahIM joIe. muDadAne bALyA pachI pAchA AvatI vakhate koI agAuthI pobArA gaNI jAya che, koI maranAranA gharanI pAse amuka jagAe jaIne bese che evA izArAthI ke badhA smazAnamAMthI Ave tyAre temanI sAthe joDAI maranArane ghera javuM. A pramANe pahelAto badhA judA paDI jAya che ane chevaTe ekaThA thaI jAya che. Ama karavAthI bIjA lokone teo spaSTa batAvI Ape che ke A badhuM parANe paNa lokalajjAne lIdhe amAre karavuM paDe che. AthI avidyAthI utpanna thatAM pariNAmo lokonI dRSTie paDe che. chatAM paNa loko sudharavA mAgato nathI e keTalI dIlagIrI ! maraNa e harSano athavA hasI kADhavAno samaya nathI, ema badhA loko jANe che. tyAre zA mATe teo potAnI jJAtinuM mAna sAcavatA nathI? have ApaNe prastuta viSaya para AvIe. raDavU, kuTa, sAhajika zoka rUdana : je zoka, rUdana rUDhithI nahIM paNa hRdayamAM rahelA pharUNArasa saMkalita snehathI thAya che ane jene aTakAvavo ghaNo muzkela che tenuM nAma sAhajika zoka rUdana, jema ke satI strI potAnA prANanAthanA maraNathI tathA mAtA potAnA pAlaka poSaka vinIta putranA viyogathI je zoka rUdana kare che te kharekhara nimittanA yoge utpanna thayela hovAthI sAhajika zoka rUdana gaNAya. kemake potAnA zRMgAra dIpaka zIrachatra priyapatinA maraNathI zIlavatI strInA para paDato duHkhano varasAda behada che temaja mAtAne putranA viyogathI paDatI ApadA paNa tenA jevI ja che. tethI AvI sabaLa hetuthI pairyavRtti khaMDita thAya ane snehane lIdhe azupAta thAya e sahaja che. te zoka tenI AphatanA pramANamAM sAdhAraNa che. paNa yAda rAkhavuM joIe ke jo A zoka rUdana paNa rUDhirUpe ghaNA kALa sudhI TakI rahyuM to tenI sAhajikatA TaLI jAya che. kartIvibhAga : have A zoka rUdanAdi karanArA puruSonA vibhAga karI batAvuM chuM. 1uttamottama, 2. uttama, 3, madhyama, 4. adhama. 1. je samyakatva ratnathI virAjita gAtra, viveka rUpI dIpakathI udyota pAmelA mArgamAMja pravartanArA, bhavasvarUpaciMtaka, dhIrasvabhAvI ane zAMtamudrAvAlA sajjano te uttamottama. 2. jeo samyakatvarahita che paNa nItimArgamAM mahAkuzaLa, jagatamAM paMDita rUpe vakhaNAyelA, prakRtithI dhIra ane sudhArAnI paddhati upara cAlanArA te A zoka rUdananA prastAvamAM uttama. 3. jeo satvahIna ane svabhAvathIja kAMIka adhIra paNa bIjI keTalIeka sAmAnya rItIthI sudharelA te madhyama. 4. ane jeo ekadama satvahIna ane kharekharA kAtara temaja mohita te adhama purUSa jANavA. temAMthI uttamottama purUSo zokakAraka banAva banatAM dharmamAM ja vizeSa pravarte che. uttama purUSo bhAvi bhAva vicArI vikAra pAmatA nathI; madhyama purUSo ekyupAta karI zoka dUra kare che; paNa adhama janoja kuTe che. kahyuM che ke, omiti paMDitA kuryurazrupAtaM ca madhyamAH / adhamAzca ziroghAtaM zoke dharma vivekinaH / / artha : paMDita purUSo zokamAM ema samaje che ke je thavAnuM che te thAya che - 95 - - 94 -

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bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA mATe ciMtA karavAnI zI jarUra che ? madhyama purUSo athupAta kare che ane adhama purUSo mAthuM kuTe che, paNa viveka purUSo to zokamAM dharma ja kare che. hAlanI rudi vAMcanAra eTaluM to kabula karaze ke AkhA hiMdustAnamAM temaja bIjA koI paNa dezamAM gujarAtanI strIo jema amaryAda rIte kuTe che ane raDe che tema kuTavAno ane 2DavAno cAla Aja paryata sAMbhaLavAmAM Avyo nathI. jo koI paNa cAlane mATe ApaNA gujarAta vAsI baMdhuone zaramAvAnuM hoya ane bIjI sudharelI komanI AMkhamAM AbarUne kalaMka lAgatuM hoya to te maraNa pAchaLa raDavA kuTavAno naphaTa rIvAja che ane kadAca koI ema prazna kare ke lAMbA vakhatathI jaDa mULa ghAlIne pAyamAla karanAra koI paNa rIvAja hajI sudhI gurjara prajAne rIbAvI rIbAvI du:kha de che ? to ame kahIzuM ke hA, te rIvAja maraNa pAchaLa 2DavA kuTavAno hajI amArAmAM vidyamAna che. maraNa prasaMge ApaNAM bairAMonI raDavA kuTavAnI vartaNuka kaMIka judIja tarehanI hoyache. muDadu gharamAMthI bahAra nIkaLyuM ke jANe dhuMdhavAto dhuMdhavAto prajavalita thaIne jvAlAmukhI phATyo hoya nI ! tema teo chAtIne mAthuM kuTavA maMDI jAya che ane purUSonI bIlakula zarama nahIM rAkhatAM mAthAnA vALo chuTA melI mAra pachADa kare che. cakalA sudhI muDadAMne vaLAvI ghera AvI dhabadhabaDa chAjIyA levA maMDI jAya che. chAjIyAnI khubI to kAThivADamAM godhA, bhAvanagaranI ja joI lyo ! kAThIyAvADI ApaNI komane koI paNa junI rUDhine mATe magarUra thavAnuM hoya to te A prANaghAtaka 2DavA kuTavAnI rUDhi che ! koI puche ke kAThIyAvADanI strIonI prakhyAti zAmAM rahelI che to ame bedhaDaka javAba ApIzuM ke 2DavA kuTavA ane rAjavaNa gAtA tathA chAjIyA letA zIkhavuM hoya to uttama zikSako tamane kAThIyAvADI strIomAM maLI zakaze ! ane jo koI puche ke kAThIyAvADI strIonuM zurAtana zAmAM raheluM che topaNa ame eno eja javAba ApIzuM ke '2DavA kuTavAmAM ja'. ghaNe ThekANe rAjanI gAvAnI razama hoya che. e rAjavImAM parAkramI ane sukhavAsI purUSonA ane temanA upabhoganI vastuonAM dRSTAMta ApI temane smRtimAM lAve che. e rAjavI gAtAM gAtAM ane kuTatA kuTatAM bairAMo uparA - 2DavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdha UparI pachADI khAya che. chAyalano upalo cheDo kADhI nAkhI kammare lapeTI hAthamAM vicitra cALA kare che ane mAthAnA vALanuM bIlakula bhAna nahIM rAkhatAM teo DAkaNa ane bhIkhAraNo jevI dekhAya che. gharanA AMgaNAmAM ane ghaNIvAra jAhera rastA upara teo goLa AkRtimAM ubhAM rahe che ane temanI vacamAM cAra strIomAMthI be sAmasAmI thaI hAtha uMcA karI rAjavaNa gItanA tAla sAthe chAtImAM pachADe che. goLa AkRtimAM ubhI rahelI strIo paNa chAtI upara hAtha pachADI gItamAM Teko pure che. A pramANe thoDo vakhata cAlyA pachI vacamAM ubhI rahelI cAra strIo jAya che ane bIjI cAra strIo Ave che, ane pAchuM temanuM gIta, ane kuTavuM zarU thAya che, evAmAM ghaNo zoka thayo che evuM batAvavA koI strI e kAe ka pachADI khAya che ane tene uMcakI levA bIjI strIo doDI Ave che. sarIyAma rastAmAM nAgA ubhA rahevuM ane hAtha tathA zarIranA vicitra cALA karavA e maryAdAthI ghaNuM bahAra che. vezyAo nAce che te paNa gharamAM ane maryAdA tathA mAna sahIta, paNa ApaNI strIo to tenA karatAM paNa vadhAre kare che. hajAro loko dekhe tyAM udhADe zarIre, jaMgalI ane bemaryAda cALA karavA e keTaluM halakuM ane zarama upajAvanAruM che teno sadgRhastho tameja vicAra karI lo ! bairAMnA ToLAMnI AsapAsa pArakA lokonI ThaTha maLe che teo temanAM ughADAM zarIra ane cALAo joyA kare che. kharekhara Azcarya to e che ke je strIo lugaDAne mAthAthI savA hAtha bahAra kADhI lAja kADhe che teo A prasaMge ghaNIja nirlaja ane bemaryAda vartaNuka calAve che ! Ane prasaMge je sagAMo potAnAM aMdarakhAnethI duzmana hoya che teo badhAM chIdra nihALe che ane prasaMga Ave bahAra pADe che. jherI janAvara sArAM paNa verI sagAM bhUMDAM ! raDavuM kuTavuM eTalethIja aTakatuM nathI. je gharamAM maraNa thayuM hoya ke jene ghera kANa mAMDI hoya te gharanI strIonA to bhogaja samajavA. ane temAM ghara moTuM athavA kulIna kahevAtuM hoya te gharanI strIonA to saMpUrNa bhoga. temane ghera bIjI strIo kuTavA Ave che, te kuTavA AvanArI strIono eka vakhata kuTavAthIja chuTako thAya che paraMtu gharanI strIono tema thato nathI. temane to dareka kuTavA AvanAra strInI sAthe kUTavuM paDe che. vaLI te kuTavAmAM jo kAMI - 97

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA khAmI AvI to jJAtimAM tenI niMdA thAyache ane raDatAM kuTatAM paNa AvaDatuM nathI evI chApa lokomAM paDI jAya che. AhA ! rUDhi kevI balavAna che ! e rUDhI eTalI to uDI peThelI hoya che ke tenA sevako potAnA mana tathA zarIranI darakAra paNa rAkhatA nathI, parajJAtimAM thatI niMdAthI paNa DaratA nathI. ane paralokamAM thatI avagatinuM to bhAnaja kyAMthI hoya ! dhikkAra che evI rUDhIne ! raDavuM kuTavuM vigere phakta thoDA dIvasana cAlatuM nathI. ghaNI jagAe mahInAnA mahInA sudhI divasamAM becAra vakhata 2DavAnuM zarU rahyA kare che. maranAranA viyoge rahelAM sagAMo kANa mAMDe che ane kANe jAya che. varasamAM A pramANe maranArane ghera ghaNI kANa Ave che ane tethI maranAranA vAlIo zarIre ane paise duHkhI thAya che. tenI bIjAone to darakAja hotI nathI. sAmo dhaNI mare ke jIvato rahe tenI kazI cIMtA hotI nathI paNa tene ane tenA gharanA mANasone raDAvI kuTAvI herAna herAna karI nAkhavA eja zurApaNuM ! hAlanA vakhatamAM 2DavA kuTavAnI cAla to ghaNIja ja rUranI thaI paDe che. parANe paNa rovuM ne kuTavuM to kharUM kuTatI veLAe hRdayanA kharA zokanAM karatAM vadhAre vicAra to strIone hAlanA vakhatamAM eja Ave che ke ApaNAthI barAbara kuTAtuM haze ke nahIM? ApaNane koI murkha to nahIM kahe ? e uparathI khulluM che ke hAlanuM 2DavuM ane kuTavuM phakta lokone batAvavA mATeja che. purUSo paNa raDavA kUTavAmAM bhAga le che. kAThiAvADa vigeremAM maraNa samaye purUSo moTuM pokarANa karI mUke che. muDadAnI pAchaLa teno moTethI pokAra karatA cAle che. keTalAeka evI to jaMgalI rIte raDe che ke tethI bIjA loko temanI hAMsI kare che to paNa temane bhAna rahetuM nathI. strI jAti karatAM purUSo vadhAre samaju ne dRDha chatAM AvI rUDhI calAvyA kare che e temane vadhAre zarama bhareluM che. he paramezvara ! kyAre evo dIvasa Avaze ke raDavA kuTavAthI thatA geraphAyadA ApaNA loko samaje ! 98 23vA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdha raDavA kuTavAthI gera phAyadA zoka eTale ciMtA ane ciMtAne zAstramAM rAkSasInI upamAthI bolAve che. nIti zAstramAM kahyuM che ke, ciMtayA nazyate rUpaM ciMtayA nazyate balaM / ciMtayA labhate jJAnaM vyAdhirbhavati ciMtayA / / ciMtA karavAthI rUpa nAza pAme che, ciMtAthI bala naSTa thAya che, ciMtAthI jJAna maMda thAya che, valI citAthI aneka prakAranI vyAdhio utpanna thAya che. citA baDI abhAgaNI, paDI kAlajA khAya. ratI ratIbhara saMcare, tolA bhara bhara jAya. 1 citAse caturAI ghaTe, ciMtA burI athAga, so nara jIvita matahi hai, jyAM ghaTa ciMtA Aga. 2 zarIrane nukazAna, - zarIranuM baMdhAraNa evuM che ke AhAra tathA nihAra niyama pramANe rahe tyAM sudhI taMdurastI sArI rahe, emAM jarA paNa pheraphAra thayo ke tarataja zarIramAM roga pesavAno. je Talo vikAra potAnI meLe zarIramAMthI nIkaLe che tenA karatA vadhAre ApaNe kheMcI kADhIye to zarIra kSINa ane durbaLa thaI jAya che. vaidaka zAstra kahe che ke kAna ane AMkhanI vacamAMnA bhAganI aMdara (lamaNAmAM) be phukkA hoya che temAM lohImAMno pANIno bhAga tathA keTalAka khAra judA paDe che. e khArU pANI AMkhane raste bahAra nIkaLe che tene ApaNe AMsu kahIye chIye. bhaya, zoka, krodha, prIti, zUra vigere manovRttiothI lohInI pharavAnI gatimAM ghaNo pheraphAra thAya che. lohI jyAre ekAeka UkaLe che ane gati ghaNI UtAvaLI thAya che tyAre pelA kukkAomAM ghaNuM pANI juduM thaI jAya che ane pariNAma evuM Ave che ke AMsu ghaNA bahAra Ave che. je lohInuM vIrya thAta te lohI phokaTa pANI thaIne anurUpe bahAra nIkaLI jAya che tethI AMkhane ghaNuM nukasAna thavAnI sAthe teja ghaTI jAya che. kuTavAthI paNa ghaNA geraphAyadA che. chAtI tathA AMkha lAlacoLa thaI jAya che, chAtImAM cAmaThA paDI jAya che, ane ghaNIvAra lohI nIkaLe che. vaLI pachADIo khAvAthI peTamAM aneka tarehanA roga utpanna thAya che, strIonuM - 990

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che komaLa zarIra ghaNIvAra uMdhuM thaI jAya che, mutrAzayamAM bIgADa thavAthI pIzAba baMdha thaI jAya che ane tethI ghaNIvAra maraNa paNa nIpaje che . chAtImAM kuTevAthI te ThekANe tathA AsapAsanI naso cagadAI jAya che. tethI sojo caDe che ane gumaDAo vigere thAya che. stananI aMdara paNa roga pedA thAya che, aMdaranuM dudha bagaDe che tethI dhAvaNAM chokarAM rogI thAya che ane tene lIdhe temano kAyAno bAMdho tuTI jAya che, zarIra pILA paca thaI jAya che, aMgabaLa tadana ochuM thaI jAya che, vIrya nabaLuM thaI jAya che eTaluMja nahIM paNa chokarAM nAnI uMmaramAM marI jAya che. ApaNI saMtati tadana nirbaLa che tenuM A raDavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla eka mukhya kAraNa che. raDavA kuTavAthI garbhavaMtI strIone ghaNuM nukazAna thAya che. ghaNo zoka karavAthI chokaruM rogISTa janme che, adhure garbha paDI jAya che. zrIkalpasUtranI kalpalatA nAmanI TIkAmAM kahyuM che ke kAmasevA...praskhalanapatanaprapIDanapradhAvanAmighAtaviSamazayanaviSamAsana... ati rAgAtizaSoka... AdibhirgarbhapAtobhavet artha : kAma sevavAthI, Thesa vAgavAthI, paDavAthI, pIDA thavAthI, doDavAthI, dhakko vAgavAthI, barAbara nahIM suvAthI, barAbara nahIM besavAthI, ati prIti batAvavAthI, ati zoka karyAthI, vigerethI garbha paDI jAya che. pachADIyo khAdhAthI peTamAM gAMTha utpanna thAya che. Ane lIdhe juvAna strIono bAMdho tuTI jAya che ane bhara juvAnImAM chatAM muDadA jevI dekhAya che. chokarIone jANI joIne raDatA kuTatA zIkhavavAmAM Ave che tethI tema karanArA loko jANI joIne chokarIonA zarIramAM roga pesAre che. zokathI mana upara thatI asara zarIra ane manane eTalo to nikaTano saMbaMdha che ke zarIranA rogathI mana bagaDe che ane mananA rogathI zarIra bagaDe che. zarIra sArU hoya to ja mana sArU hoya che ane mana sAruM hoya che to ja zarIra sArU hoya che. ciMtA karanArA, pArakAnA sukhe adekhAI karanArA, phokaTanI phIkara vahorI lenArA sakhasonA * raDavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdha - zarIra kevA nirbaLa hoya che te to vAMcanAra jANeja che, AkarA mIjAjavALA, ghaDI ghaDImAM tapI janArA, ukaLatA lohIvALA manuSyonI kAyA kevI kauvata vInAnI hoya che te kAMI vAMcanArane samajAvavAnI jarUra nathI. vaidakazAstra kahe che ke manane hada karatA vadhAre zrama ApavAthI tananI zakti ghaTe che, pAcana zakti ochI thAya che, kAma karavAno utsAha raheto nathI, jJAnataMtuo nabaLA paDI jAya che, kSayaroga utpanna thAya che ane chevaTe akALa mRtyu thAya che. bhukhyA hoIe chIe tyAre kAMI kAma thatuM nathI, zarIra kSINa thaI jAya che tyAre buddhi paNa ghaTe che ne smaraNa zakti maMda thAya che. zarIranA roganA upAyo sahelAIthI maLI Ave che paNa mananA roganA upAyo maLI zakavA kaThiNa che. viyogane lIdhe ghaNA strIpurUSo, mAbApa ane chokarAM duHkhI thAya che. lagAra paNa zoka karyAthI zarIramAM vikAra utpanna thAya che to lAMbA vakhata sudhI zoka karavAthI, 2DavAthI ane kuTavAthI bhayaMkara pariNAmo nIpaje emAM zuM Azcarya ! rojane roja zoka karavAthI mana bagaDI jAya che, bIlakula gharanuM kAma sujhatuM nathI, buddhi kSINa thaI jAya che, koInuM maho paNa jovuM gamatuM nathI, chokarA chaMyAnI khabara levI gamatI nathI. aMte zarIra ane mana baMne kSINa thaI javAthI maraNa nIpaje che. cittAyattaM dhAtubaddhaM zarIraM naSTe citte dhAtavo yAnti nAzam / tasmAccitaM sarvadA rakSaNIyaM svasthe citte buddhayaH saMbhavanti / / artha : dhAtuthI baMdhAyeluM A zarIra citta yA manane AdhIna che. citta nAza pAmavAthI dhAtuo nAza pAme che, tethI cittanuM sadA rakSaNa karavuM. citta svastha hoya toja buddhi utpanna thAya che. bIjA lokonA vicAra sudharelA loko jyAre ApaNA bairAone 2DatA kuTatA jue che tyAre teo ApaNI A duSTa cAlanI hAMsI kare che. teonA manamAM emaja vicAra Ave che ke AmanA bairA tadana murkha ane viveka zunya che, teo nirlaja , dayA - 101 100

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2 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " vinAnA, DhoMgI ane akkalazunya che. saMsArano svabhAvika niyama evo che ke gharane zobhAvavuM e strInuM kAma che ane ApaNA gharanI zobhA keTalI che evuM jANavA mATe jo koI ApaNane ApaNI strIonI A rItI mATe prazna kare to bhAIo ! tame zuM javAba deza ? e vakhate tame phIkkA paDI ja zo. tethI dareka rIte bairAonI A niralAjarI cAlano samULa nAza thAya evA upAyo levA tatpara thAo. upadeza mAtA, pitA, bhAI, bena, jamAI, dIkarI, bAMdhava, putra, priya mitra, pyArI bhAryA ke bIjuM koI maraNa pAme tyAre dIlagIrI pedA thAya ane raDavuM Ave kharuM. paNa te badhuM hadamAMja rahevuM joIe. teve same zuM karavuM te samajavuM joIe. ghaNA loko du:khathI bAvarA banI jaI, AMkhomAMthI codhAra AMsu varasAvI chAtI ane mAthuM kuTe che tathA bhoMya upara pachADI khAya che. zuM AthI tamAro zoka dUra thAya che ? ema karavAthI to tamAruM zarIrabaLa ochuM thAya che, mana nabaLuM thaI jAya che ane buddhi ghaTI jAya che. alabata eto kharUM che ke maraNa samAna bIjI koI Apatti nathI. dhana gumAvyuM hoya te mahenatathI paNa pAchuM meLavI zakAya che. gayelI vidyA paNa pharIthI prayAsa karyo prApta thAya che. roga vigerenI Apatti osaDathI dUra thaI zake che. paraMtu manuSya rUpI ratnanI hAnithI thatI vipatti moTAmAM moTI che. eka mANasanI sAdhAraNa cIja jAya athavA teno nAza thAya to tenA manamAM kheda thayA vinA raheto nathI to potAnA gharanA lAMbA samayanA ane ghADA snehavALA vahAlAmAM vahAlAM sagAnA maraNathI kheda thayA vinA raheja kema ! potAnA snehInuM maraNa, vakhate hRdaya upara evI to zokanI chApa besArI de che ke tenuM hRdaya bhegI nAkhe che paNa enI asara jJAnI purUSa upara thatI nathI. maMdAkrAMtA ghRSTaM ghRSTaM punarapi punazcaMdanaM cArugaMdhaM chinnaM chinnaM punarapi punaH svAdu caivekSukAMDaM / dagdhaM dagdhaM punarapi punaH kAMcanaM kAMtavarNa na prANAnte prakRtivikRtirjAyate cottamAnAm / / 102 - 2DavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdha - artha : vAraMvAra ghasyA karo to paNa caMdana sugaMdhIja rahe che, pharI pharIne zeraDIne kApo to paNa te svAdiSTaja rahe che, vAraMvAra sonAne tapAvo to paNa teno raMga zobhAyamAnaja rahe che tema uttama puruSonI prakRtimAM prANAMte paNa pheraphAra thato nathI. hareka prakAranA duHkhane teo sahana kare che. eve samaye dhIraja rAkhavI eja enuM mukhya osaDa che.- janma teno nAza che e to tame jANo cho to maraNa samaye tame ghelA banI jAo cho e mUrkhatAnuM cinha che. naSTaM mRtamatikrAMtaM nAnuzocaMti paMDitAH / paMDitAnAM ca mUrkhANAM vizeSo'yaM yataHsmRtaH / / artha : je vastuno nAza thayo, je manuSya maraNa pAmyuM ane je vAta thaI gaI teno zoka paMDIta jana karatA nathI. paMDItamAM ne murakhamAM eTaloja bheda, nAprApyamakSivAMchaMti naSTaM necchaMti zocituM / Apatsvapi na muhyati narA: paMDitabuddhayaH / / artha : paMDIta purUSo nahIM meLavI zakAya evI vastunI icchA karatA nathI. nAza pAmelI vastu mATe zoka karatA nathI ane ApattimAM mohane AdhIna thatA nathI kAraNake teo sArI rIte samaje che ke jeno janma tene maraNa cheja , nAma teno nAza cheja, jeno jeTalo saMbaMdha. moTA rAjAo maharSio ane rUddhivaMto cAlyA gayA to ApaNe te kaI bisAtamAM. teo sArI rIte jANe che ke The virtue of Adversity is fortitude - vipattino saguNa dhIraja che arthAt dhIraja eja , vipattinuM mukhya osaDa che. zokane lIdhe dIna thavAthI ane dhIraja choDI devAthI potAnI buddhinI, potAnI dhIrajanI ane potAnA jJAnanI niMdA thAya che. paMDita purUSo eve vakhate dhairya, utsAha ane zauryano tyAga karatAM ja nathI. teo zoka rUpI vikALa sainyanI sAme dhIrajarUpI topanA mArAthI phateha meLave che, temAMja dhIra purUSonuM dhairya jaNAI Aveche, teja vakhate temanI kasoTI nIkaLe che. kahyuM che ke Apatseva hi mahatAM zaktirabhivyajyate na saMpats / agurostathA na gaMdhaH prAgasti yathAgni patitasya / / 103 -

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2 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " artha : mahAna purUSonI saMpattimAM nahIM paNa vipattimAMja zaktinI parIkSA thAya che. jema ke, agarabatInI sugaMdhI, agnimAM nAkhyA pahelAM jaNAtI nathI. ane kharUM kahIye to AvI ghAtakI cAla sajjano koI dIvasa aMgIkAra kareja nahIM, prANAMte paNa virUddhAcaraNa temanAthI thAyaja nahIM, kAraNa ke vipadi dhairyamathAbhyudaye kSamA sadasi vAkpaTutA yudhi vikramaH / yazasi cAbhirucirvyasanaM zrutau prakRtisiddhamidaM hi mahAtmanAm / / artha : vipattimAM vairya, caDatImAM kSamA, sabhAmAM vANInI pravINatA, yuddhamAM parAkrama, kIrtinI IcchA, abhyAsanuM vyasana e mahAna purUSonI svabhAvika vastuo che. paNa ApaNAmAM tethI ulaTuM che. "raDatAM hatAM ane pIyarIyAM maLyAM" eka to ajJAnapaNuM ane temAM Avo kaDhaMgo rIvAja AvI maLyo. vadhAre maMdavADa thayo ke gharamAM 2DAkuTa zarU thaI. cAkarI karavI to dUra rahI paNa poke poka mukI mAMdA mANasane gabharAvI mukI teno jaladIthI aMta ANavo eja ApaNI khubI ! manuSya maraNa pAmyuM ke dhAMdhala macAvI detA purUSo zaramAtA paNa nathI temaja strIone gharanA AMgaNAmAM, zerImAM ke jAhera rastAmAM goLa kuMDALuM karI dhabaDa dhabaDa chAjIyA letAM ke amaryAdita rIte kuTatAM jarA paNa lAja AvatI nathI. vAtamAM koI marI gayuM ke keTalAka bairAne to kuTavAnI hoMza purI pADavAnI taka maLI. dhikkAra che evI nIca strIone ! A duSTa rIvAje lokonI lAgaNIo kevI badalI nAkhI che. muvuM te to chuTayuM tene kaMI jovuM ke rovuM nathI. paNa pAchaLa rahelAM sagAo mithyA zoka karI potAne du:khI kare che. potAnA zarIrane rIbAve e keTalI murkhAI ? potAnuM vahAluM marI jAya to zoka thAya te kharI vAta che paNa zuM te zoka bIjAone batAvavAno ? tamArI aMtaranI lAgaNI bAhyavRttithI bIjAne batAvo to kharI kahevAya ? zAstro paNa kahe che ke zoka rUdanathI karma baMdhanaja thAya che. zrImad yazovijayajI upAdhyAya temanA adhyAtmasAra graMthamAM kahe che ke raDavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdha - kraMdanaM rudanaM proccaiH zocanaM paridevanaM / tADanaM luMcanaM ceti liMgAnyasya vidurbudhAH / / artha : AkaMdana uMce svare raDavuM, zoka karavo, nAma daIne raDavuM, mAravuM, mAthAnA vALa toDavA vigerene paMDito ArtadhyAnanA lakSaNa kahe che. zrI nemicaMdra racita paSTi zatakamAM kahyuM che ke tihuaNajaNaM maraMtaM dadrUNaniaMtijenaappANaM / viramaMti na pAvAo dhiddhi ddhiTTattaNaM tANaM / / artha : tribhuvananA janone maraNa vaza thatA joIne pramAdathI abhinivezathI potAnA thanAra maraNane nathI jotA ane pApathI nathI viramatA tevAonI dhRSTatAne dhikkAra ho. kAraNa ke nareMdracaMdredudivAkareSu tiryagmanuSyAmaranAyakeSu / munIMdravidyAdharakinnarepu svacchaMdalIlAcaritohi mRtyuH / / artha : nareMdra, caMdra, sUrya, tiryaMca, manuSya, devatA, iMdra, munIndra, vidhAdhara ane kinnaromAM maraNa e to potAnI marajI mujaba lIlAthI varte che. vaLI e ja SaSTi zatakamAM kahyuM che ke soeNa kadiUNaM kuTuMUNe siraM ca uaraM ca appaM khivaMti narae taM pihu dhiddhi kunahataM / artha : potAnA priyanA viyogathI utpanna thayelA zokane lIdhe vilApa karI ane mAthuM, chAtI tathA peTa kuTI potAnA AtmAne naraka Adi kugatimAM nAkhe che mATe evA dugatimAM laI janAra kusnehane dhikkAra dhikkAra ! kAraNa ke zocaMti svajanAnaMtaM nIyamAnAn svakarmabhiH / neSyamANaM tu zocaMti nAtmAnaM mUDhabuddhayaH / / artha : mUDha buddhivALA manuSyo potAnA sagA vahAlAo jeo svakarme mRtyu pAme che teno zoka kare che. paNa poteja eka dIvase kheMcAI jaze teno zoka karatI nathI. vaLI AgaLa SaSTi zatakamAM kahyuM che ke - 105 14

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che egaMpia maraNaduhaM annaM appAvi khriSpae narae / egaM ca mAlapaDaNaM annaM laguDeNa sirighAo / / artha : eka to priya svajananA maraNanuM duHkha ane bIjuM vaLI tenA mATe raDI kuTI AtmAne narakAdi durgatimAM nAkhavo. e te kevo nyAya ke eka to mALa uparathI paDavuM ane vaLI tenA upara lAkaDIno mAra ! arthAta jema koI mALa uparathI paDI jAya ane hAtha paga bhAMge ane vaLI tenI sAthe tenA upara lAkaDIno mAra paDe te kevuM du:kha bhogave ! temaja mUrkha loko paNa potAnA sagA vahAlAnA maraNathI du:kha pAmavAnI sAthe raDavA kuTavAthI potAnA AtmAne narakAdi durgatimAM nAkhe che. AvA khullA zabdothI zAstromAM paNa 2DavA kuTavAno niSedha karyo che te chatAM evI cAla zA mATe tame jArI rAkho cho ! Avo ghAtakI rIvAja cAlu rAkhavAthI tame tamAruM mAna gumAvyuM che, bIjA lokomAM hAthe karI hAMsI karAvI che, samaju ane aNasamaju , DAhyA ane murkha, bhaNelA ane abhaNa sarva janoe A ghAtakI, julamI nirlaja ane duHkhada rUDhIne tAbe thaI potAnA sarva prakAranA sukhamAM moTo bhaDako saLagAvI mukyo che. suzIla jaina sAdhuo ! tame sArI vidyA saMpAdana karI kharUM zuM che ane khoTuM zuM che e samajavA lAgyA cho. raDavA kuTavAnI nirlaja cAla rUpI beDI tamArA upara ThokAyAthI tamAruM dIla baLatuM haze, tamArAmAM svajAtinuM bhaluM karavAnI icchA hovI ja joIe. tamArI tamArA pavitra zAstra Upara to purepurI zraddhA che ja . ToTo mukI daI naphoja meLavavo e to tamAro khAsa guNa che to vahemI ane ajJAnI lokonI hAMsIne pAtra thaIne paNa AvI halakI, ajJAnasUcaka, naphphaTa ane nirAlAjarI cAlano nAza karI tamArA jAtibhAIone sukhI nahIM karo ? karazo ja . raDavA kuTavAno rIvAja hAni karatA zaramAve evo ane dhikkArane pAtra che. dareka DAhyA mANasanI pharaja che ke potAnA gharamAMthI, potAnI jJAtimAMthI ane chevaTe potAnA dezamAMthI A naphaTa cAlanuM jaDamULathI nikaMdana karavuM joIe. tame vicAra karo ke e cAla mukI dIdhAthI tamane koI paNa jAtano - 2DavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdhageraphAyado thAya ema che ? bIlakula nahIM. ulaTA aneka jAtanA lAbha thaze. bIjA lokomAM tamArI AbarU vadhaze, tamAre mATe sAro mata baMdhAze, tamArA dharmanuM mULa dayAja che evuM anya darzanIyo barAbara jANaze, sAMsArika sudhAro karavAmAM agresara thayAthI tame nAmAMkita thazo. kadAca tame puchazo ke sagA vahAlAnA maraNa vakhate raDavuM kuTavuM nahIM to bIjuM zuM karavuM ? tenA javAbamAM - maraNa samaye evuM ghelApaNuM nahIM batAvatAM prabhunuM smaraNa karavuM. maraNa pachI paNa sagA vahAlAo tamAre ghera AvI kuTavA lAge to temane tema karatA aTakAvI nokaravALI (mALA) ApI kahevuM ke prabhunuM nAma laI avatAra saphaLa karo. vaDodarAmAM eka sArA gharamAM maraNa thayuM hatuM tyAre tene ghera 2DavA phUTavA AvanArI strIone teja pramANe nokaravALI ApavAmAM AvI hatI. kharekhara ! eja pramANe dareka ThekANe rivAja dAkhala karavo joIe, tethI dareka jJAtinA mukhya zeThIyAone mArI namratApUrvaka evI araja che ke temaNe potAnI nAta ekaThI karI sarvAnumate A cAlamAM ghaNo sudhAro karI temanI jJAti uparanuM bhuMDuM kalaMka bhUMsI nAkhavuM joIe. ane te pramANe karavAnI dareka nAtanA zeThIyAnI pharaja che. kadAca koI kaheze ke ghaNA kAla thayA peThelI A cAlanuM nikaMdana karavAnI khaTapaTamAM koNa paDe ane lokono apaja za koNa mAthe le ? bhAIo ! 2DavA kuTavAnI cAlathI ATalA badhA nukazAna khamIe chIe e jANyAM chatAM ane sAro mArga maho AgaLa chatAM te raste cAlavAnI hoza na karavI ane kumArge cAlavA haTha rAkhavo e eka pApa che, e svAbhAvika niyamathI UlaTuM che. manuSyanuM lakSaNa e che ke koIpaNa kAraNathI kharAba rUDhI pesI gaI hoya to sArA vakhatamAM mAlama paDyAthI tene dUra karavI joIe. emAM kAMI tamane paisA besavAnA nathI. phakta jIbha halAvavAnI che. AvI nukazAnakAraka ane cItarI caDhAve evI ghAtakI cAla tamArI meLeja baMdha karavI e vadhAre sAruM che. dayAlu brITIza sarakAre rajaputasthAnamAM bALahatyAno aTakAva karyo, satI thavAnI cAla baMdha karI vigere hIMduonA rIvAja mAM ghaNo sudhAro karyo che tema jAhera rastAmAM kamakamATa Upaje tevI rIte 107 106

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2 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " zarIra upara ghAtakIpaNuM gujAravAnI sarakAra manA karI zake che. paraMtu dareka sAMsArika sudhArA potAnI meLe ja dAkhala thAya emAMja vadhAre mAna ane zobhA che. ethI tamArI ThekANe ThekANe prazaMsA thaze, tamArI vaMza paraMparA tamane AzirvAda deze ane tamAro AtmA AvA puNyanA kAmo karI sadgati bhogavaze ! tathAstu ! maraNa pAchala jamaNavAra maraNa pAchaLa 2DavA kuTavAnI sAthe nAtavarAno ghaNo nikaTano saMbaMdha che tethI maraNa pAchaLa nAtavarA karavAnA rIvAja vize be bola bolAya to anucita nathI. jagatano svAbhAvika niyama che ke dareka mANasa AnaMda, yaza ane samAgamanI AkAMkSA rAkhe che. tenA dareka kAmamAM, tenA dareka saMbaMdhamAM ane tenA dareka taraMgamAM dareka manuSyanI evI ja icchA raheze ke mane phalANuM kAma karyAthI AnaMda maLe che to te kAma karavuM, phalANuM kAma karavAthI yaza maLe che to bIjA kAmanI darakAra nahIM rAkhatA te kAma karavuM ane chevaTe pratiSThita mANaso sAthe samAgama thavAthI e mane zobhA ApanArUM che to temanI sAthe samAgama karavo. ATalA hetuothI ja jamavA jamADavAno saMpradAya cAlu thayo hoya ema jaNAya che, ane e saMpradAya saMsAra vyavahAramAM AnaMda ApanAro che ema to sarve kabula karaze, paraMtu ATaluM paNa dhyAnamAM Avaze ke jamavuM ja mADavuM e harSanI nizAnI che, zokanI nahIM. nAto jamADavI e lagna athavA enA jevA bIjA prasaMge AnaMda ApanAro thaI paDe che paraMtu maraNa prasaMge je vakhate vahAlA sagAnAM akALa mRtyuthI tamArA hRdayamAM, kArI ghA paDelo hoya ane je ghAthI tame rIbAtA ho te vakhate sagA vahAlAone ane nAtanA lokone miSTAnna jamADavA e kayA prakAranA AnaMdanuM kAraNa che e samajI zakAtuM nathI. maraNa e kAMI nAnI sunI vAta nathI. mANasa marI gayuM ane lAkaDAno kaDako bhAMgI gayo e kAMI sarakhuM nathI. chatAMpi maraNa pAchaLa jamaNavAra eTalA to jarUranA thaI paDyA che ke bIjA zubha prasaMgo na sacavAya tenI harakata je raDavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdha nahIM paNa dADo (maraNa pAchaLa jamaNavAra) karavo ja joIe. maranAranA kuTuMbane manuSya ratnanI hAni thaI che e to jANe basa nathI, tenA jAnano paNa teNe bhoga Apavo ja joIe. kharacavAnI zakti na hoya. bhaviSyamAM bharaNa poSaNanA paNa sAMsA hoya to paNa maranArane dADo to karavo ja joIe e kyAMnuM zANapaNuM ! "strInI agharaNI ane mA bApano dahADo e kAMI pharI pharIne AvatA nathI " evI kahevata che. tethI evo prasaMga Ave ghara bAra ane ghareNA gAMThAM vecIne paNa nAto jamADavA loko taiyAra thAya cheja. dADA mATe nAtavarA karavA e eka nAtano dhAroja thaI paDyo hoyanI ! sarakAranA karamAMthI sarakArane araja karIne paNa chuTI zakAya paraMtu A rIvAje to eTaluM uMDuM muLa nAkhyuM che ke temAMthI chUTI zakAtuM nathI. dhikkAra che evA rIvAjane ! ane sahasa vAra dhikkAra che evA rIvAjane vaLagI rahenArane ! zakti hoya ke na hoya to paNa nAtIlAone jamADavAja paDe e zuM ochuM du:khadAyaka che ? dhaNInA maraNa pachI rAMDI rAMDa pAse tenA ghareNA paNa vecIne dahADo karAvavo e zuM julama nathI ? maranAranA kuTuMbInI AMkhomAMthI codhAra AMsu cAlyA jatA hoya ane moTuM paNa uMcuM karI zakatA na hoya te vakhate nAtIlAo miSTAnna uDAve e temane ochuM zaramAvanArUM che ? ane je ThekANe loko zokamAM nimagna thayA hoya te ThekANe nAtIlAo harSanA cinha dhAraNa kare e zuM temane ochuM nAmozI bhareluM che ? paNa keTalAka loko kaheze ke 'ame kyAM kahevA jaIye chIye ke tame dADo karo, dADo nathI karatA tene kAMI nAta sajA karatI nathI temaja dADo karavAnI koIne pharaja paNa pADatA nathI.' kharUM che ke nAtavarA karatA nathI tene mATe nAta zikSA karatI nathI paraMtu nAtano samudAya nAtanA sadgahasthono banelo che, ane jyAre nyAtanA judA judA loko dADo nahIM karanArane meNA mArI jamInadosta karI nAkhe che tyAre enA karatA bIjo vadhAre karyo julama ? nAtanA meNAne aTakAvavA mATe, zakti nahIM chatAM taNAIne paNa garIba mANasone vaza karavA paDe che. tethI nAtanA dareka mANasanI pharaja che ke AvA nukazAna bharelA rIvAjane bIlakula Uttejana ApavuM nahIM. eTaluMja nahIM paNa hareka rIte e duSTa rUDhino paga sudhAM potAnA lAgatA vaLagatAonA kuTuMbamAM pesavA devo 108 109

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che nahIM, peThelo hoya tyAMthI dUra karavo ane e rIte garIba mANaso upara paDatA bojAthI temane mukta karavA. maraNa pAchaLa nAtavAno rIvAja dUra karavo e kharekharuM jotA garIba lokonuM kAma nathI. nAtanA AgevAnuM zeThIyAoe bhegA thaIne TharAva karavo joIe. ke koIne ghera maraNa thAya to tenI pAchaLa jamaNavAra bIlakula karavo nahIM. ane tenI pahela paisAdArane tyAMthI nIkaLavI joIe. ghaNI vAra evuM bane che ke nAtanA bAMdhelA dhArAnuM koI ullaMghana kare to tene sajA paNa thatI nathI paraMtu AvI bAbatamAM zeThIAoe dhyAna rAkhavuM joIe ke jethI dhAro toDanAra tavaMgara hoya ke garIba hoya paNa tene ghaTate zAsane pahoMcADI A duSTa rIvAjano prasAra thato aTakAvavo. nAtavarAmAM jamIne lahAvo (!) lenArA loko kadAca A rIvAja baMdha paDavAthI becena thaze. paraMtu te karavAnuM kAMI kAraNa nathI. jyAre teo ghaNI vAra nAtomAM jamIne kalejA ThaMDA karaze to eka yA vadhAre vAra temane potAne ghera paNa maraNano prasaMga Ave. nAta jamADavI paDaze tyAre mAlama paDaze ke nAto jamADatAM to AMkho oDe Ave che. tevA lokoe samajavuM joIe ke garIba loko ghera ghIno chAMTo paNa na dekhe, khAvA pIvAnA sAdhana Aje hoya to kAle valakhA mAravA paDe ane rAta dIvasa mahenata karI be paisA kamAI jema tema kuTuMbanuM gujarAna calAvatA hoya teonA gharamAM maraNa thavAthI nAto jamADavAnI rUDhirUpa beDI pagamAM jaDavAthI je duHkha sahana karavuM paDe che te to eka paramezvaraja jANe ! tethI nAtanA AgevAna zeThIyAone namratA pUrvaka mArI araja che ke jo teo potAnI nAtane nakAmA paisA UDAvavAmAMthI bacAvavA mAgatA hoya, jo temane temanAmAMnAM garIba vargane mATe jarA paNa dayAnI lAgaNI hoya, jo temanAmAM sAdhAraNa manuSya tarIke samAnya paNa lAgaNI hoya to maraNa pAchaLa nAtavarA - zokanA samayamAM harSanuM pradarzana - tarataja aTakAvavA upAya levA joIe. ethI karI, temane hajAro garIba saMsAra nibhAvI lenAra nAtIlAonI AziSa maLaze ! tathAstu ! sayA ekatrIzA rUdana niSedhaka nibaMdha A je, vAMco mArA Aryajano, atizaya zoka rUdanane kuTana, baMdha karIne zAMta bano; amUlya citAmaNI sama narabhava, pAmIne nahIM vyartha gAma. jJAnAbhyAsa vadhAro yAra zAMta vRttimAM khuba ramo : 1 agAu caDatI hatI hIMdamAM jainadharmanI kevI vAha ! hAla paThati kevI dekhAya keLavaNI vInA khaLyo pravAha; bAla bAlikA keLavaNI para dharo tame sahu atizaya yAra, punarUddhAra karo maLI saMpe tethI thAze lAbha apAra. sudharelA A briTiza rAjyamAM vidyA devI sahune sAhya, akuLavaMtane paNa vidyAthI moTI padavI maLe sadAya; e mATe caDatI sau iccho uramAM dharI vidyA para prema, unnatino sUryodaya thAze karI nikaMdana saghaLA ve'ma. 3 mitro ! nItinI rItImAM dharajo prIti prema thakI, phokaTa pheMdI phela phitura karI dhanamadathI nahIM jAo chakI; satya prItI dharajo nIce vivekathI varatIja tamAma, phIzIArI sahu dUra karIne vAparajo vighAmAM dAma. 4 choDo saghaLo haTha duHkhadAyaka bano eka saMpa sahu beza, maco mamatathI sadA sukAme pahoMcADo paDatIne peza; sadA cAlavuM samaya tapAsI, e rItI sukhakAraka sAra, anukuLa ApaNane khAsI, zAmATe nahIM levo pAra ? " nahi nahi Avo samaya Avaze khare kahuM chuM pharI pharI, UTho umaMge che mama mitro ! ALasa chAMDo vairya dharI; je rItI du:khadAyaka dIse dUra karo dharIne jusso, yatna taNuM che re zubha chevaTa bahAdura banI sau dhaso dhaso. 6 lio iii

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bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA pariziSTa : 1 vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI jIvanarekhA janma nibaMdhasamAptiH jIyAdIrajinezvaro'sukhaharaH kalyANakaMdAMbudaH mithyAtvapratighAtanaikataraNi samyaktvaratnapradaH / yaddAco vilasaM tibhAratamahImadhye'skhalatyonaghA: sarvatra pravaraprabhAvakalitA: pIyUSatopyuttamAH / / pitA mAtA I. sa. 1872-73 1839 1880 anuSTup vRttam zrIyazovijayaM naumi vAcakendraziromaNiM / purAjAtamidAnIM ca mayA gurutayA zritaM / / 1880 1884 zrImadyazovijayastutiH jayaMtu bAcakeMdrasya giraH pIyUSadUSakA: yathA jayaMti vIrasya jinezasya giraunaghAH / ko jainamarmavitpUrNaH ko'dhyAtmajJAnivRttam praznadvaye zrute viz2A vadatAM varavAcakaM / / : tA. 25mI oNgasTa, 1864 zrAvaNa vada 8, vi. saM. 1920 : zrI rAghavajI tejapALa gAMdhI : zrI mAnabAI rAghavajI gAMdhI : mahuvAnA heDamAstara ane inspekTaranI bhalAmaNathI hAiskUlanA abhyAsa mATe sahakuTuMba bhAvanagara. : lagnagraMthithI joDAyA. : maeNTrikyulezananI parIkSA bhAvanagaranI AphleDa hAiskUlamAMthI pasAra. gohilavADa jillAmAM prathama - sara jazavaMtasiMhajI skolarazipa meLavI. ucca abhyAsa mATe sahakuTuMba muMbaI AvyA. elphinsTana kolejamAM praveza. muMbaI yunivarsiTInI bI.e. (onarsa)nI padavI. jaina samAja mAMthI prathama snAtaka. zrI jaina esosiezana opha inDiyAnA maMtrI tarIke sarvAnumate varaNI. jAhera jIvananA zrIgaNeza. zatruMjaya kesa saMbaMdhamAM jubAnIo laI emaNe muMbaI, amadAvAda, pUnA vagere sthaLoe arajI karI gavarnara sAhebane maLI inkavAyarIno hukama meLavyo. mesarsa liTala, smitha, phreara eNnDa nikolasana, sarakArI solisiTarsanI peDhImAM ArTikalDa klArka tarIke joDAyA. : zatruMjaya para yAtrAe janArane Apavo paDato mUMDakAvero baMdha thayo. e kesamAM karnala voTsana ane muMbaInA gavarnara laoNrDa rane maLI, samajAvI cukAdo tarapheNamAM ANyo. : 'raDavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdha'nuM prakAzana - li3 1884 1885 1885-86 1886, eprila 1886 ii2

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1894, jUna 1895 1895, sapTembara 1895 1896, oNgasTa 2 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA " 1886, Disembara : zatruMjaya tIrtha para laoNrDa rene mAnapatra ApavAmAM AvyuM. mAnapatranuM vAcana vIracaMda gAMdhIe karyuM. 1886-87 : makSIjI tIrtha saMbaMdhI jhaghaDAno nikAla tathA kAvI tIrthanA vivAdano sukhada ukela lAvyA. 1889 : dasamA saikAmAM thayelA zrI zubhacaMdrAcArya viracita 'jJAnArNava' graMthanAM dhyAna vizenAM prakaraNono anuvAda 1890 pitAzrI rAghavajIbhAInA svargavAsa. pitAnI AjJA mArI pAchaLa raDavuM nahIM, bhoMye utAravo nahIM. smazAnamAM aLagaNa pANIe nAhavuM nahIM. maraNa kharca karavo nahIM.' vagereno amala karyo. 1891 beDama sAhebe sametazikhara para carabInA kArakhAnA saMbaMdhamAM ApelA javAba pachI hAikorTamAM apIla thaI tyAre kalakattA gayA. baMgALI bhASA zIkhyA ane etihAsika dastAvejo rajU karI 'A tIrtha jainonuM che? evo cukAdo meLavyo. 1893, jUna : pU. AtmArAmajI mahArAja cikA vizvadharma pariSadamAM jaI zake ema na hovAthI muMbaInA jaina saMghe zrI vIracaMda gAMdhIne mokalavA sarvAnumate TharAva karyo, sAthe eka mANasa madada mATe ApavAnuM paNa TharAvyuM. 1893, oNgasTa : sTImara 'AsAma' mAraphata amerikA tarapha prayANa. 1893, sapTembara : cikAgo vizvadharma pariSadamAM jaina dharmanI rajUAta ane 1894, 25 sapTembara : roja hiMdu dharma paranA prahArano saujanyapUrNa pratyuttara. 1893-95 : (1) amerikAnAM judAM judAM zaheromAM jaina dharma vize pravacano, 'skUla oNpha orienTala philaoNsophI"nI sthApanA dvArA hiMdu, bauddha, jaina dharma ane bhAratIya saMskRti vize vyAkhyAno. (2) cikAgomAM "An Unknown Life of Jesus Christ'nuM prakAzana. 114 pariziSTa : 1 - (3) laMDana AvyA. laoNrDa renA pramukhasthAne yojela sabhAmAM bhAratIya tattvajJAna vize vyAkhyAna. ananona lAipha opha jisasa krAisTa' nAmanA nikolasa noTovicanA pustakano phrencamAMthI aMgrejImAM anuvAda. : svadezAgamana. AryasamAja, buddhivardhaka sabhA vagere saMsthAonA upakrame pravacano ApyAM. 'hemacaMdrAcArya varga nI sthApanA. : ajameramAM bharAyelA 'dharma mahotsavamAM jaina dharmanA pratinidhi. : pUnAmAM bharAyelI inDiyana nezanala koMgresamAM muMbaInA pratinidhi tarIke hAjarI ApI. : tA. 28nA roja zeTha premacaMda rAyacaMdanA pramukhasthAne mAnapatra. amerikAthI nimaMtraNa maLatAM dharmapatnI sAthe tA. 21nA roja pharI amerikI tarapha prayANa. bhAratamAM dukALa paDyAnA samAcAra maLatAM amerikAmAM 'duSkALa rAhata samiti'nI sthApanA. rU. 40,000 rokaDA ane anAja bharelA vahANanI bhArata tarapha ravAnagI. : zatruMjaya kesa saMbaMdhamAM iMglenDa gayA. : amerikAmAMthI bhAratamAM punarAgamana. : putra sAthe briTananA pravAse. : AMtararASTrIya vANijya pariSadamAM samagra eziyAnuM pratinidhitva, jasTisa goviMda rAnaDenA pramukhasthAne zrI mAMgaroLa jaina saMgIta maMDaLI taraphathI mAnapatra. : svadezAgamana. : 37 varSanI uMmare dehavilaya. 1896 1897 1898, 12 oNgasTa 1898, 24 Disembara 1899, 23 sapTe. 1901, julAI 1901, 7 oNgasTa - lis --

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA - pariziSTa : 2 zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInuM vaMzavRkSa sva. rAghavajI tejapALa (sva. mAnabAI rAghavajI) sva. vIracaMda rAghavajI (sva. jIvIbahena vIracaMda) sva. mohanabhAI vIracaMda (sva. saMtokabahena mohanabhAI) sva. dhIrajalAla mohanabhAI gAMdhI (bacubhAI) (ga. sva. caMpAbahena dhIrajalAla) sva. rasikalAla mohanabhAI gAMdhI (rasIlAbahena rasikabhAI) 1. kuMdanabahena dhIrajalAla 2. dilIpabhAI dhIrajalAla 3. kIrtibhAI dhIrajalAla 4. harSAbahena dhIrajalAla 5. caMdrezabhAI dhIrajalAla 6. rUpAbahena dhIrajalAla 1. zaradabhAI rasikalAla 2. navInabhAI rasikalAla 3. jyanAbahena rasikalAla 4. kiraNabahena rasikalAla vIracaMda gAMdhI, bAra-eTa-lAM ii6 --

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pariziSTa : 3 -- vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI pariziSTa : 3 vIracaMda gAMdhInI kAvyaracanAo vIracaMda gAMdhIne kAvyazAstranI UMDI sUjha hatI. emanA jIvananA prAraMbhakALamAM zrI bhagavAnadAsabhAI pArekhe vasaMtatilakA chaMdamAM 'lAge ati zara karA sama teha mIThI' evI paMkti pAdapUrti karavA mATe vIracaMdabhAIne ApI hatI ane emaNe racelI pAdapUrtinI A cha kaDIo che. emanA patramAM vizeSa kaDI che paraMtu anya ukelI zakAya tevI nathI. (1) jena sAdhu (muni) AvyA muni vana mahIM mahuvA taNA e, vANI uccArI bahu zrAvakanA hitArthe; jANe sudhAnI saritA vahatI ja dIThI, lAge ati zara karA sama teha mIThI ! (2) caMdrajyotsanA zI zobhatI sukhada caMdra taNI ja jyonA, jeNe vadhArI priyane maLavAnI tRSNA; jevI jaya priya samAgamamAM ja dIThI, lAge ati zara karA sama teha mIThI ! (3) koraTamAM hAjara thayelA gunegAra Ubho rahyo kupara sAhebanI samakSa, udvega pAmI mukhamAMthI vadAyuM rakSa; nirdoSa che uccArAtI dIThI, lAge ati zarakarA sama teha mIThI ! (4) tamArA patranI prApti 2 mitra patranI ahoniza vATa dekhuM, vihagni zAMti arathe tava citra prekhuM; jyAre prabhAta samaye tava AvI mIThI, lAge ati zarakarA sama teha mIThI ! (5) prabhubhakti saMsAramAM du:khada vastu na ko gaNAya, AnaMdakaMda prabhubhakti karo sadAye; zAMti thaI prabhu taNI java mUrti dIThI, lAge ati zara karA sama teha mIThI ! (6) kavitA jUnA vicAra saha mauna na arthamukti, raMjADatI priyatamA tava prema ukti; mAdhuryayukta kavitA java tArI dIThI lAge ati zara karA sama tehI mIThI !

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4. pariziSTa : 4 vIracaMda gAMdhIe racelA graMtho 1. nibaMdha : raDavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdha (gujarAtI), pR. 37, 1886 lekhaka ane prakAzaka : vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI nibaMdha : raDavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdha (gujarAtI), pR. 37, 2009 lekhaka : vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI, saMpAdaka : DaoN. kumArapALa desAI, prakAzaka : varlDa jaina kanphaDarezana savIrya dhyAna (gujarAtI), pR. 134, 1902, bIjI AvRtti (gujarAtI, 1989). lekhaka : AcAryazrI zubhacaMdra deva, anuvAdaka : vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI, kaoNmenTrI, AnaMdanaMdana lAlana, saMkalana : pannAlAla Ara. zAha, pablizara : dha jaina esosiezana oNpha inDiyA, muMbaI pariziSTa : 4 - Karma Philosophy (English); pp. 192; 1913 Speeches and Writings of VRG Collected by Bhagu F. Karbhari Publisher : Shree Agamodaya Samiti, Bombay Karma Philosophy (English); 2nd Edition, pp. 191; 1924 Speeches and Writings of VRG Collected by Bhagu F. Karbhari Publisher : Shree Agamodaya Samiti, Bombay Yoga Philosophy (English); pp. 280; 1993 Speeches and Writings of VRG Collected by Bhagu F. Karbhari Publisher : Shri Mahuva Tapagachhiya Jain Sangh Yoga Philosophy (English); 3rd Edition, pp. 180; 1993 Speeches and Writings of VRG Edited by Dr. Kumarpal Desai Publisher : Shri Mahuva Tapagachhiya Jain Sangh Yoga Philosophy (English); 4th Edition, pp. 206, 2009 Speeches and Writings of VRG Edited by Dr. Kumarpal Desai Publisher : World Jain Confederation The Unknown Life of Jesus Christ (English); pp. 128; 1894 Translated and published by VRG while he was in Chicago, from ancient manuscripts found in Tibet. Author: Nicholas Notovitch Revised by Prof. G. L. Christile of the University of Paris Publisher : Virchand R. Gandhi, 6558, Steward Boulevard, Chicago. The Unknown Life of Jesus Christ (English); pp. 176; 2009 Translated and published by VRG while he was in Chicago, 121 The Jaina Philosophy (English); pp. 274; 1911 Speeches and Writings of VRG Collected by Bhagu F. Karbhari Publisher : N. M. Tripathi & Co., Mumbai The Jaina Philosophy (English); 2nd Edition, pp. 274; 1924 Speeches and Writings of Virchand Raghavji Gandhi Collected by Bhagu F. Karbhari Publisher : Shree Agamodaya Samiti, Bombay The Jaina Philosophy (English): 3rd Edition, pp. 288; 2009 Speeches and Writings of Virchand Raghavji Gandhi Edited by Dr. Kumarpal Desai Publisher: World Jain Confederation

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bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA from ancient manuscripts found in Tibet. Author: Nicholas Notovitch Translator: Virchand Raghavji Gandhi Revised by Prof. G. L. Christile of the University of Paris Edited by Dr. Kumarpal Desai Publisher: World Jain Confederation The Systems of Indian Philosophy (English); pp. 148; 1970; Second Edition (English); 1993 Speeches & Writings of VRG, Edited by: Dr. K. K. Dixit Publisher : Shri Mahavira Jaina Vidyalaya, Bombay Selected Speeches of VRG (English); 1964 Speeches taken from books 1, 2 and 3 above Publisher: Vallabh Smarak Nidhi, Bombay Religion and Philosophy of the Jainas (English); pp. 232; 1993 Speeches & Writings of VRG Edited by : Dr. Nagin J. Shah Publisher: Jain International Ahmedabad 10. Glimpses of Jainism and Biography of Forgotten Hero Shri Virchand Raghavji Gandhi: Ist Edition, pp. 108; July 2003 Biography of Virchand Raghavji Gandhi Author Panalal R. Shah Edited by Gunvant Barvalia Translated by Mrs. Kurangi Desai Published by JAINA (Jain Association in North America) & SKPG Jain Philosophical & Literary Research Centre pariziSTa : 5 saMdarbhasAmagrI gujarAtI (pustako) : 1. AcArya zrI vijayavallabhasUri smAraka graMtha, indriyavijaya gaNivarya, zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, muMbaI, 1956 2. karuNAno sota, citrabhAnuM pramodA, zAha pravINa, DivAina noleja sosAyaTI, muMbaI, 2001 3. jainadarzana, Tukola TI. ke., saradAra paTela yunivarsiTI, 1978 4. jaina sAhityano saMkSipta itihAsa, desAI mohanalAla dalIcaMda, saMpAdaka : A. vijaya municandrasUri, prakAzaka : A. omakArasUri jJAnamaMdira, sUrata, 2006 5. jainAcArya AtmArAma janmazatAbdI graMtha, desAI mohanalAla dalIcaMda, jainAcArya zrI AtmArAma janmazatAbdI smAraka samiti, 1936 paradezamAM jaina dharma, vinoda kapAsI, jainadarzana paricaya zreNI 4/4, jayabhikhkha sAhitya TrasTa , 1988 7. virala pratibhA, kumArapALa desAI, jaina sAhitya samAroha, gucha-2, prakAzaka : mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, muMbaI, 1987. | vizvanI asmitA, devalUka naMdalAla, 1981 9. zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI, pannAlAla 2, zAha, jainadarzana paricaya zreNI 33, jayabhikhkhuM sAhitya TrasTa, 1988 10. sva. vIracaMdabhAI gAMdhInuM TUM ke jIvanacaritra, upAdhyAya kAMtilAla, divya jJAna saMdha, muMbaI, 1964 11. AcAryazrI vijayavallabhasUri smAraka graMtha 12. jainAcArya AtmAnaMda janmazatAbdI graMtha (gujarAtI) 13. jyotirdharanI jIvanagAthA (gujarAtI), prathama AvRtti, Disembara 1987 vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInuM caritra lekhaka - pannAlAla Ara. zAha, 1987 jyotirdharanI jIvanagAthA (gujarAtI), bIjI AvRtti, pR. 80, 2001 123 122

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* bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInuM caritra lekhaka - pannAlAla Ara. zAha pablizara : jainA (jaina esosiezana oNpha northa amerikA) 14. mahuvAnI asmitA, pannAlAla 2. zAha 15. mAlaNanA kinAre, pannAlAla 2. zAha 16. zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI (gujarAtI), pR. 64, 1988 lekhaka : pannAlAla 2. zAha zrI jayabhikhkhuM sAhitya TrasTa 17. bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA (vIracaMda gAMdhInuM caritra) ane raDavA kuTavAnI hAnikAraka cAla viSe nibaMdha, le. kumArapALa desAI, prakAzaka : varlDa jaina kanphaDarezana, muMbaI, pR. 139, navembara 2009 gujarAtI (sAmayiko): 1. dha jaina esosiezana oNpha inDiyAnI jIvanagAthA, le. hiMmatalAla zAMtilAla gAMdhI, 'dha jaina esosiezana opha inDiyA' mAsika, eprila 2009, pR.2 dharmavIra zrI vIracaMda gAMdhI : temanuM jIvanakArya, le. pannAlAla rasikalAla zAha, 'buddhiprakAza' sAmayika, pustaka 111, aMka 8, oNgasTa 1964, pR. 217 272 3. mi. vIracaMda rAdhavajI gAMdhI (bI.e.ema.Ara.e.esa.), le. taMtrI "jainayuga', pustaka 2, aMka 5, varSa 1937, pR. 234thI 237 moDe moDe paNa A mahAna jaina kolaMbasanI siddhione biradAvazo, le. ketana mistrI, 'citralekhA' sAmayika, 24 oNgasTa, 2009, pR. 50-51 vizvadharma pariSadamAM jaina dharmanuM pradAna, le. DaoN. kumArapALa desAI, prakAzaka : dharmadhArA' sAmayika, jAnyuArI 1994, pR. 4 vIsarAI gayelI vibhUti zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI, le. AnaMda rAva, 'guMjana' sAmayika, jUna-julAI, 2009, varSa 11, saLaMga aMka 61, pR. 3 svanAma dhanya, virala vibhUti jyotirdhara, zAsana samarpita zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInI jIvanagAthAnI jhalaka, le. hiMmatalAla zAMtilAla gAMdhI, "dha jaina esosiezana opha inDiyA', zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI vizeSAMka, me 2007 pariziSTa : 5 8. sva. vIracaMda rAghavajInA apragaTa patro, le. parama pUjya A. zrI zIlacaMdrasUrijI mahArAja, 'prabuddha jIvana' sAmayika, 16 oNgasTa, 2004, pR. 5-6 'buddhiprakAza', oNgasTa, 1964 10. 'buddhiprabhA', oNgasTa, 1964 (janmazatAbdI vizeSAMka) 11. jaina (vikalI), janma zatAbdI vizeSAMka, oNgasTa, 1964 12. jaina dharma prakAza, vaoNlyuma 12, naM. 17, Aso, vi. saM. 1952 13. kumAra, oNgasTa, 1939 14. navacetana, julAI ane sapTembara, 1964 15 vijayAnaMda, me ane oNgasTa, 1964 (janmazatAbdI vizeSAMka) 16. jaina yuga, varSa 1933 gujarAtI (dainika): 1. mahuvAnA vIracaMda gAMdhI, le. DaoN. kumArapALa desAI, 'gujarAta samAcAra" dainika, IMTa-imArata kaoNlama, 23-4-2009 2. bhAratIya saMskRti ane nijadharmano saMdeza ApanArA jyotirdhara, le. DaoN. kumArapALa desAI, 'gujarAta samAcAra' dainika, ITa-imArata kaoNlama, 30-4-2009 diMrI : che, jIvavAno prazanottara, AtmArAmana mArIne, pravIrA : sagavaMtanAna nana, nAdAra, IM. sa. eos jaina samAja ke vivekAnanda : vIracaMda gAMdhI, le. DaoN. abhayaprakAza jaina, jinendu sAptAhika, disambara 2, 2002 jainAcArya zrI AtmAnaMda janmazatAbdI smAraka graMtha, saM. mohanalAla dalIcaMda desAI, AtmAnaMda janmazatAbdI smAraka samiti, muMbaI, 1936 madhya eziyA evaM paMjAba meM jaina dharma, duggaDa hirAlAla paMDita, jaina prAcIna sAhitya prakAzana maMdira, dilhI, 1979 (paricaya : zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI) mi. dhIracaMda gAMdhI kA jIvanacaritra, murAra zyAmalAla vaizya, zrI AtmAnaMda jaina samA, saMvInA, phaee 125 124

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6. 6. 9. 10. 2. 3. English : 1. 4. 5 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA vijayAnanda ( vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI vizeSAMka), ludhiyAnA mahAvIra bhavana, varSa 29, aMka 8, agasta, 1985 6. 7. 8. 9. vizvadharma pariSada aura jaina dharma, jaina pRthvIrAja, zrI vallabhasUri smArakanidhi, muMbaI, 1926 vizvadharma saMmelana 1893, jhunajhunavAlA lakSmInivAsa, prabhAta prakAzana, 2004 sana 1893 kI cikAgo vizvadharma pariSada aura jaina dharma vijayAnandasUri aura vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI, bambaI, zrI vallabhasUri smAraka nidhi, 1963 navayuga nirmAtA, zAstrI haMsarAja paMDita, AtmArAma jaina sabhA, aMbAlA, vi. saM. 2013 Jain Shwetamber Conference Herald, Vol. 11-12, Oct.-Nov. 1914 fact, Jainism in America by Kumar Bhuvnendra, Jain Huminity Press, 1939 Jainism, Herber Warren, Creast Publishing House, New Delhi Jainism, Herber Warren, Shri Vallabhsuri Smarak Nidhi Prakashan, 1993 (Dr. Nagin J. Shah) Magazines Ahimsa - Vol. 3 Institute of Jainology, Publisher: Shri Jaybhikhkhu Sahitya Trust, 1993 Ahimsa World Vol. 1 World Jain Confederation, July-Sept. 2007 Mahajan Mandal Pratham Darshan Mahatma Gandhi Vol. 1, The Early Phase by Pyarelal Mohanlalji Ardha Shatabdi Grantha (Chapter 16) My Experiments with Truth by M. K. Gandhi 126 10. 11. 12. 13. Selected Speeches of Shri Virchand R. Gandhi, by Baldota Abheraj H., Shri Vallabh Smarak Nidhi, Mumbai, 1964 Virchand Raghavji Gandhi: Jaina Emissary to the west, Ramnik V. Shah & S. A. Bhuvanendra Kumar - Mississauga, Ontaria, Canada, Published in 'Jinamanjari', Vol. 7, No. 2, July 1993, Special Edition, pp. 57-76 15. World Parliament of Religions, Vol. II, by John Henry H. Borrows, Review of Reviews Office, 1893 pariziSTa : pa My Pilgrimage to the Wise men of East, M. D. Conway (1906), London Neely's History of the World Parliament of Religion San 1893 ki Vishvadharma Parishad aur Jain Dharma by Prof. Prithvi Raj Jain. 14. 127

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pariziSTa : 6 keTalAMka akhabAronA pratibhAvo zikAgo sabarvana sTAra (30/11/1893) muMbaInA jaina esosiezana oNpha inDiyAnA vIracaMda Ara. gAMdhI dvArA yuniyana sTaDI klaba korsanA upakrame yojAyela trIjuM pravacana je ravivAra sAMje yunivarsalITara carca, 65mI galI, sTevarTa evanyUmAM apAyuM tyAre Akho khaMDa bharAyelo hato. pravacanano viSaya 'bhAratano bhaugolika ane aitihAsika paricaya' hato. jemAM sAhitya, dhArmika tattvajJAna ane thiyaoNsophInuM varNana paNa hatuM. temaNe hiMduonA rItarivAjo upara paNa prakAza pADyo ane bhArapUrvaka jagannAthapurInA rathanI vAta paNa karI. jemAM dhArmika zraddhALu bhakta balidAna Ape che. dha yunivarsalisTa mesenja2, cikAo (102 1894) 6558, sTevarTa bulevarDamAM AvelA zrI hovarDanA nivAsasthAne vIracaMda gAMdhInA bhAratIya tattvajJAnanAM pravacanonI zreNI yojavAmAM AvI. pratyeka somavAre yojAtAM A vyAkhyAno vadhu ne vadhu rasaprada banI rahyAM. gayA somavAre sAMje emaNe yogatattvajJAnanI naitika bAbatono khyAla Apyo. koI agraNI saMzodhakanI mAphaka A viSayane evI rIte rajU karyo je mAtra hiMduonA Adhibhautika cittamAMthI ja sarjAI zake. A pravacano saMskRta sabhya lokonA samUhe sAMbhaLyAM ane emaNe jANyuM ane anubhavyuM ke satyanA jAduI paTArAnI cAvI ApavA haMmezAM taiyAra hiMduonuM jJAna pavitra ane sAdagIbharyuM hoya che. zikAgo DeilI sana (34 1894) muMbaInA vIracaMda Ara. gAMdhI (bI.e.)e somavAre sAMje 6558, Stewart Baulevard khAte pravacana ApyuM. jeno viSaya 'jaina dharma' hato. mi. gAMdhI dharmapariSadamAM enA pratinidhi tarIke AvyA che temane vizALa utsAhI zrotAgaNa dvArA dharmapariSadamAM rajU thayelA bIjA eziyAI dharma karatAM vadhAre rasathI sAMbhaLavAmAM AvyA. senTa josepha gejheTa (8/5 1894) vizvameLAnA eka bhAga rUpe yojAyelI vizvadharma pariSade agragaNya khristIonA 128 pariziSTa H 6 dharma ane tattvajJAnanI bAbatamAM mUrtipUjaka (binakhristI) vicAroe AMkho kholI dIdhI che. dharmasabhAnA pratinidhi muMbaInA vIracaMda gAMdhIe eprilanA phoramamAM 'khristI mizanarIo bhAratamAM saphaLa zA mATe nathI ?' te para pepara rajU karyuM hatuM. zikAgo herAlDa (4 8 1894) dharmapariSadanA sabhya pratinidhi vIracaMda Ara. gAMdhIe tAjetaramAM Unknown Life of Jesus ChristnuM yogya bhASAMtara karyuM che. bhAratanA vatanI hovAne kAraNe ane dezamAM bhramaNa karyuM hovAthI himIsa maThanuM sAruM citraNa karI zakyA che. jyAMthI noovicane prAcIna hastaprato maLI hatI. A uparAMta teoe je vidvattAthI udAharaNa TAMkyAM che te bIjA koI bhASAMtaramAM nathI. dareka pAse A bhASAMtaranI eka kaoNpI hovI joIe. baphelo TAimsa ena. vAya. (8 8 1894) vIracaMda gAMdhI kAsADAgAnA mAnanIya mahemAna che. loko emanI sthira niSThA ane sAdagIthI mohita thayA ane tevA lokonA hRdaya sudhI pahoMcyA che. teono madhura saMgItamaya avAja ane rUDhigata paraMparAgata paheraveza temane haMmezAM alaga pADe che. lAiTa oNpha Trutha (11|8|1894) zrI gAMdhI bhAratanI vaidika zAkhA, brAhmaNa ane bauddha dharmanA UMDA abhyAsI che. teo tattvajJAnane AdhyAtmika pratibhAthI ane gurunA vyavahAru jJAnane potAnI pratibhA sAthe pragaTa kare che, prakAze che. dha ilasTreTeDa baphelo eksapresa (12 8 1894) zanivAre kAsADAgAnA utsAhI zrotAgaNe jANItA sabhAgRhamAM zrI vIracaMda Ara. gAMdhInuM pravacana 'dha meseja oNpha inDiyA Tu dha pIpala oNpha amerikA' sAMbhaLyuM. zrI vIracaMda gAMdhIe bhAratanAM 50 lAkha jainonuM vizvadharma pariSadamAM pratinidhitva karyuM. mi. gAMdhInuM joradAra abhivAdana thayuM ane teo temanA paraMparAgata pozAka gherA jAMbalI raMganI pAghaDI ane pILI zAlamAM hatA. teoe kahyuM, "mArAM amerikana bhAIo ane baheno, huM ApanuM bhArata ane bhAratanAM 30 karoDa putro ane putrIo vatI abhivAdana karuM chuM. huM Apane baMdhu ane 129

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA - bhaginInA rUpamAM sanmAnuM chuM ane zAMti, vaizvika bhAIcArAno saMdeza dUra bhAratathI thaI laIne Avyo chuM." dha jemsa TAuna ola. ena. vAya. (138/1894) moTA bhAganA loko vidvAna hiMdu vIracaMda gAMdhIne sAMbhaLavA ekatra thayA hatA. teono viSaya hato "ApaNA deza ane tenI vividha saMsthAo vize abhiprAya'. teoe rASTra tarIke ApaNI yajamAna bhAvanA, ApaNI zikSaNa saMsthAno, ApaNI kudaratI saMpattio ane udyogonI prazaMsA karI. ApaNA loko ane potAnA jaina loko vacce sarakhAmaNI paNa karI. zanivAranA teonA pravacanano temano viSaya hato 'bhAratano amerikAne saMdeza' A bhASaNa badhA para chavAI gayuM. (vaMToLanI jema). teo khUba dayALu che ane amerikana janatA pratye baMdhutvanI lAgaNI dharAve che. darekane emanA vyaktitvanI spaSTatA gamI gaI. teone sAMbhaLyA pachI ema lAge che ke jaina lokoe temanA pratinidhi tarIke mi. gAMdhIne pasaMda karyA te kharekhara yogya che. baphelo ivaniMga TAimsa (13/8/1894) dharmasabhAmAM potAnA pacAsa lAkha sahadharmIonuM pratinidhitva karanAra mi. vIracaMda gAMdhIne vaizvika baMdhutva (Universal Brotherhood)nI vAta karI. te sAce ja pazcimI dharmasenAno karatAM tattvajJAnamAM mokhare che ane paurvAtya abhyAsanAM vivaraNa vadhAre sArI rIte Ape che. A hiMdu khare ja badhAno siha che. baphelo eksapresa (14/8/1894) bhAratanA zrI vIracaMda gAMdhI rasa dharAvatA asaMkhya lokonA mukhya ane mAnanIya vaktA hatA. prekSakavarga tarapha dRSTi pheravatAM jaNAyuM ke dareke dareka loko A hiMdunA zabdane khUba ja dhyAnapUrvaka sAMbhaLatA ane samajatA hatA. baphelo ivaniMga TAimsa, ena. vAya. (14/8/1894) gaI kAle savAre muMbaImAM vIracaMda gAMdhI (bI.e.)e temanuM pravacana mahilAo mATe khAsa ApyuM. mahilAno nAno-moTo varga upasthita hato. temanAM dizAsUcaka kAraNoe uttejanA pedA karI. morniMga sTAra, mIDavIle, pena (14/8/1894) muMbaInA vIracaMda gAMdhIe temanA paraMparAgata pozAkamAM ahIM rahe che. jeoe 130 pariziSTa : 6 jaina dharmanuM pratinidhitva zikAgonI dharmasabhAmAM gayA varSe karyuM hatuM. teo khUba buddhizALI che. ('amerikAne bhAratano saMdezo' pravacana sAMbhaLIne.) lAiTa oNpha TUtha (18/8/1894) jaina tattvavettA zrI vIracaMda gAMdhIe prAcIna dharmonI samajaNa ApavA mATe vargo zarU karyA che. potAnA dharmonuM tattvajJAna samajAvavA A hiMdu skaoNlarane sAMbhaLavA buddhizALI - tejasvI prekSako khUba ja Atura hoya che ane sabhAgRha haMmezAM evA prekSakothI bharapUra rahe che. baphelo koriyara (oNgasTa 19, 1894) zrI vIracaMda gAMdhI jAMbuDI raMgano jhabhbho, sonerI pAghaDI ane rezamI kamarapaTTo e rIte saMpUrNa bhAratIya svAMgamAM vizvadharma pariSadamAM AvyA tyAre prekSakoe emane harSanAdathI vadhAvI lIdhA ane kAsADAgAmAM atyAra sudhI koInuM paNa sanmAna na thayuM hoya evuM sanmAna ane uSmAbharyuM svAgata karavAmAM AvyuM. emanuM pravacana 'Some Mistakes corrected' pUruM thayuM tyAre pharI pharIne pravacana ApavA kahevAmAM AvyuM hatuM. dha ivAnjalisTa, nyUyaoNrka (23/8/1894) kAsADAgAmAM tAjetaramAM judA judA paMthanA loko mATe eka navuM AkarSaNa najare paDe che, je mAtra AMkho para ja nahIM, kiMtu hRdaya para paNa kabajo kare che. A navuM AkarSaNa muMbaInA sagRhastha, vakIla ane vidvAna zrI vIracaMdabhAI che. je o saMskRta ane aMgrejI sAhitya para kAbU dharAve che teo ahIM DaoN. berojha (Dr. Borrows)nA AmaMtraNathI jaina pratinidhi tarIke A dezamAM AvyA che ane mi. gAMdhI bhAratanA vividha dharmonA jANakAra che. ivaniMga posTa, klIvalenDa (19/9/1894) prAcInatama bhAratanA jaina dharmanA pratinidhi vIracaMda Ara. gAMdhIe gUDhavidyA ane pUrvamAM tattvajJAna vize gaI sAMje esosiezana haoNlamAM pravacana ApyuM. temanuM pravacana sUkSmatAthI bharelAM dRSTAMto temaja sUkSma bAbatothI bharapUra hatuM. asaMkhya mANasoe hAjarI ApI vazIbhUta thaI sAMbhaLyuM ane umAthI vakhANyuM. 31

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2 bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA rocesTara DemokreTa eNnDa kronIklera (249/1894) muMbaInA hiMdu tattvajJAnI ane vidvAna zrI vIracaMda gAMdhIe gaI kAle pharsTa yunivarsala carcanA moTA samUhane saMbodhyo. teo reva. DaoN. seka dvArA abhivAdita thayA jemaNe bhAratanA umadA dharmane rajU karyo. mi. gAMdhI bhAratanA prakhara vidvAna che jemaNe pArlAmenTa pUrI thayA pachI dezamAM bhramaNa karI pravacano ApyAM che ane A dezanI audyogika pragatino abhyAsa karyo che. khAsa karIne pablika skUla sisTamano paNa abhyAsa karyo che. teo e vAtathI khAsa prabhAvita thayA che ke garIbamAM garIba bALakane paNa paisAdAra bALaka jevI ja zikSaNa suvidhA maLe che. bhAratamAM ghaNI sArI zikSaNasaMsthAo che paNa phI eTalI UMcI che ke garIba bALaka teno phAyado laI zakatA nathI. dha rocesTara herAlDa (3/10/1894). phrI eNkeDemika haoNlamAM gaI kAle sAMje zrI vIracaMda gAMdhIe sUcaka pravacana ApyuM. bhAratanA lokonA rItarivAjo ane paraMparA vize spaSTa varNana ApyuM. teoe munionA raheThANa mATe guphAo, eliphanTA guphA ane mukhya zaheranuM vipula pramANamAM varNana karyuM. emaNe prAcIna samayanuM suMdara citraNa karyuM. yuvAna ane proDha baMne jUthane rasa paDe tevuM sUcaka pravacana lagabhaga samagra amerikAe sAMbhaLyuM. pariziSTa : 7 kAvyaprazasti zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInAM yazasvI kAryo kAvyaracanAnuM prerakabaLa banyAM. e jamAnAnA prasiddha nATyakAra zrI DAhyAbhAI dhoLazAjI jhaverIe emanI pratibhAthI prabhAvita thaIne traNa kAvyo racyAM A uparAMta sarvazrI paMDita dAmodara kAnajI, mULacaMda nathucaMda, TokarazI neNazIe paNa vIracaMda gAMdhInA kAryane kAvyaracanAthI biradAvyuM che. (1) trATaka chaMda paramArthika tAraka madhyamamaNI, vaLI durjana dhuaDa dInamaNI, vIracaMda sudhArmika caMdramaNI, jaya rAghavajI suta ratnamaNI - vicarI dhIravIra videzabhaNI, paraNI kiratI kamaLA ramaNI, ramaNIka prabhAvika pUjya ghaNI, jaya rAghavajI suta ratnamaNIkariyANaka tarka vitarka taNAM, matimAMdyathI bheLaseLa ghaNAM, karI zuddha dharyA khUba gAMdhI taNI, jaya rAghavajI suta ratnamaNI - DAhyAbhAI dhoLazAjI (2) thayA cho re pati teja pyArI - e rAha rahyA cho re jina tattvaprakAza vIracaMda jhaLakI vIracaMda jhaLakI, gaganamAM vIracaMda jhaLakI. jaLasthaLamAM, paLapaLamAM (be vakhata bolavuM). sarala sujane manapaMkaja khIlatAM vacana prabha nirakhI - rahyA cho re tattasAgare bharatI karatI, caMdraprabhA khIlatI kaMI DubatA, nara taratA (2) jinavacana sudhArasa pAna karatAM mukhamudrA malakI - rahyA cho re aMtaramAM AnaMda ubharAtAM visarI jAya viveka eka vIre, bahu dhIre (2) jinazAsana jaya jaya vartAvyo pAtra puruSa parakhI - rahyA cho re. caDhatI cAle caMdra kaLAe dina-pratidina vadhatI mana cakavA, kare bakavA (2) re vIracaMda karI prasanna padminI karajo najara harakhI - rahyA cho re. - DAhyAbhAI dhoLazAjI - 133 vIracaMda gAMdhInI ardhapratimA : zikAgo derAsaranA parisaramAM 132

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA - (3) tribhaMgInI cAla lAja vadhArI kAja karI zubha, lAja vadhArI karma taNI, samAja mahi rahi saja meLavI mukti karI sau karma taNI. 1 deza videza pharI bahu rIte, leza nahIM hiMmata hArI, beza dharmanAM kArya karyo sau, veza dezano sau dhArI, 2 dharma taNAM marmo samajAvI, karma tajAvyAM anna taNAM, videzanA loko nA thoke, paNa jene bahu zreSTha gayA. 3 mAna meLavyuM jJAna daIne, sarva sthaLe jeNe bhArI, citta haryA bahu prati karIne, nIti bajAvI bahu sArI. 4 satkRtyo A saghaLAM nirakhI harakhI atIzuM aMtaramAMya. kusuma sugaMdhI gAMdhI tamane, sau sarve laine karamAya. 5 - DAhyAbhAI dhoLazAjI (4) ziaff vRttam varaM vIra dRSTava dinamaNisakAzaM guNanidhim masIdati prItyA hRdayamanizaM cAmaladdaSAM sadA tvAM pazyantI nirupamaguNaM sarvahRdam abhIvaMdatyuSmaccaraNayugalaM maMDalI sakhne / ti dAmodarAbhivohaM guNagaNarahitopi sadguNaM prItyA mithyA paMDitanAmnaH prArthIte varNayAmi vIramaNe / - paMDita dAmodara kAnajI (5) kSatrI kalaMka kema leze re - e rAha premI dharmabaMdhu Apa nirakho, bahAdura jaina vIracaMda re; nirakhI e guNagAnane harakho, bahAdura jaina vIracaMdane. kevuM bacapaNanuM enuM jJAna, ba, becalara opha ArTsanuM mAna. bAda kIdho kAyadAno abhyAsa. ba. tethI tIrthonA duzmana pAmyA trAsa. pagalAno kesa lorDa renI pAsa. ba. jItI zurasiMhane karyo nirAza. muMDakAmAM karyuM ejanTanuM kAma, ba. samajAvyo voTasana dharI hAma. makSIjImAM phatte pAmyA bhalI bhAta, ba. dIgambarInI e pAsa zI tAkAta. moTo zikharajIno jIjyo tuM keza, ba, mahAzAtanA TaLAvI te haMmeze. 134 - pariziSTa : 7. emAM kaSTa te bhogavyA che apAra, ba. nahi hiMmatamAM kacAza lagAra. ba.8 ityAdi aneka karI dharma kAma, ba. jaina maMtrI tarIke dIpAvyuM nAma. talakacaMda ne vIra premacaMda, ba. tane dekhI mAne jANe Ugyo caMdra. | ba .10 hatI aitpAtikI buddhi tArI khAsa, ba. temAM pAmI vainayikI guru pAsa. 'ba.1 1 kArmaNIkI pAriNAmIthI buddhi, ba. tethI mana vaca kAyanI che zuddhi . ba.12 AtmArAmajI gurujInuM je kAma, ba. pratinidhi tarIke karyuM tamAma. ba 13 cIkAgomAM jaina dharmane dIpAvI, ba, rilijIyana pArlAmenTane zobhAvI. ba.14 amerikA deza che kadaradAna ba. ema khAtarI karAvI teM nidAna. ba 15 jaina dharmano bodha lIdho prIte, ba. gAMdhI sosAyaTI sthApI tevI rIte. ba.16 kolambasanI jevI bhIDI te hAma, ba. jaina dharmane dIpAvyo ThAma ThAma. ba.17 indriyonA bhoga tajI gAmogAma, ba. upadeza ApI kIdhAM rUDAM kAma, ba.18 jaina komamAM na dIse tArI joDa, ba. koNa karI zake tuja saMga hoDa. bA.19 vilAyatamAM membara thayo cho tuM, ba, royala ezyATika sosAyaTIno tuM. - ba.20 hemacaMdra zALA sthApi ahiM AvI, ba. jaina maMDaLane prIti upajAvI. ba.21 kSedha mAna mAyA lobhanI ochAza, ba. tethI mAna maLyA ThAma ThAma khAsa. ba.22 dharma jyota pragaTAvo jaina vANi, suNI karo moTA punyanI kamANi. ba.23 eno jaya jaya thAo ema gAvo, muLacaMdanA vacanano e lhAvo. ba.24 tA. 20-8-1897 - mULacaMda nathubhAI (3) ba.1 ba. ba.3 ba.4 ba 5 vIracaMda vaDavIra, hamArA vIracaMda vaDavIrA rAghavajI zA suta dhIra - hamArA vIracaMda vaDavIra dharmAnurAgI bALapaNathI (be vAra) - bI.e. taNI DIgrI laI AhI dharmanI bAre tuM dhAyo ja bhAI ! sametazikhara pAlItANAdi mAMhI, pUrNa prayAsa karyo ja zadAyI. (jaina esosiezana oNpha inDiyAno) - grahI maMtrIpada vaDavIra - hamArA vIracaMda vaDavIra. 2 ahIMthI amerikA dUra deze (be vAra) sarva dharma pariSadamAM padhArI; vaknatva zakti vaDe teM sakhArI ! 135

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- bhAratIya saMskRtino AtmA che jinavara zAsana zobhA vadhArI, kIdhAM anekane jina tattva dhArI (dravya paryAya, lakSaNo samajAvI) gAMdhI guNavaMta gaMbhIra - hamArA vIracaMda vaDavIra. 3 muMbaI zahera vidhavidha pahere (be vAra) bhASaNa mahIM bhUSaNone dIpAvyA, varga abhyAsa Adi bIja vAvyAM, patnIpati saha kuTuMba ja Aje, punaH pravAsa karaNa zubha kAje , (sukharUpa nidinapaNe) yaza pAmo sAhasadhIra - hamArA vIracaMda vaDavIra. 4 caMdra caLa katA maLatA ja temathI (be vAra) AnaMda azruthI Ama vadhAvI, prIta prakAze viyogato bhAvI; paNa amane maLazo vahelA AvI, TokarazI kahe ziza namAvI, (zAsana devatA sahAya raho) maMgaLamaya zrI mahAvIra - hamArA vIracaMda vaDavIra. 5 - TokarazI neNazI sabura sabura sabura (e rAga) vijaya vijaya vijaya vijaya, vijayavaMta vIracaMdra - dharmane gajAvanAro, priya bhrAta cho amAro, jaina dharmano tuM tAro - vijaya. sarasvatinI pUrNa sahAya, yaza guNa tArA gavAya, deza amerikAnI mAMhe - vijaya. jaina saMghamAM umaMga-patnI pati saMga raMga jaI jamAvo dharma jaMga - vijaya. kuzaLa kArya dIrgha Aya, kahe TokarazI kuTuMbamAMya maMgaLa varte sadAya - vijaya. tA. 21-8-1897 - TokarazI neNazI 136