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THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
(JULY, 1884.
in Upper Ferghana, but was doubtless & place archæology of Turkestan so diligently, fixes situated on the Jaxartes below Sighnak, and I the site of Jend on the right bank of the am disposed to identify it with the Uchkaik Jaxartes between the fort of Kazalinsk, and that of Colonel Walker's map, which is the next known as "Number two," where there are still station on the river below Kuk Chaganak. some mounds of rubbish and some tombstones Juchi now attacked a place called Barkhaligh- with Arabic inscriptions. The bricks have been kent or Barkhaliakit by the Muhammadan largely used by the modern Kazaks to build writers, and Ba-r-ch-ili-han in the old Chinese their mausoleums with," Ar this time Jend map published by Dr. Bretschneider. It is was ruled by a petty dynasty. The name of called Ba-r-jen in the Yuan-shi. Carpini calls the ruler was Katlogh Timur, whose father it Barchin, and says expressly it was situated had submitted to the Khuârezm Shah, and was on a great river. It is also named in Hai- a dependent of his. He was very rich, and on thon's Itinerary. In the Chinese map it is the approach of the Mongols thought it pruplaced between Sairam and. Jend. It occurs dent to retire towards Khuârezm with his as a mint place of the Golden Horde, and it treasures. The inhabitants determined, therewas probably situated on the Jazartes, not far fore, to defend the place, and Juchi thereupon from Sabran.
sent Chin Timur, whose name is also given as Jachi now attacked a place which is called Jai Timur, who afterwards governed Khuárezm Eshnas by most of the Muliammadan writers, on his behalf, and eventually became civil and Hanasa by Gaubil," but the name seems governor of Khorasan, to counsel them to subcorrupt, and also occurs as Astart. Some mit, and to remind them of the fate of Sighnak. writers would make it a corruption of Al-Shash, They would have killed him, but that he prothe old name of Tashkend, but this is quite toomised to persuade the Mongols to spare the city. far off and in & wrong direction, inasmuch as When he returned he reported to Juchi the Juchi's progress was down the Sihun and not result of his journey, and the condition of the up, and it now seems to me that the name is place. He suggested to Juchi that he should really a corruption of Yassi, the old name of storm it on the side which the inhabitants the city of Turkestan, which is in quite the deemed the most inaccessible, namely, where right direction. The very interesting remains it was defended by a ditch. His suggestion of Yassi or Turkestan are described in pictor was adopted. Three false attacks were made esque detail by Mr. Schuyler. Juchi met elsewhere, and the battering engines were with some resistance at Eshnas, and its inhabi- planted at the weakest part of the defences. tants were accordingly massacred." He now When the day for the assault had arrived the latter went on to Jend. It was a famous town in were attacked amidst shouts, and the sounds of the East, having been the birth-place of several | cymbals, drums, &c. The battering rams were famous men. From it, according to Mirkhond, planted, and the Mongol slingers or archers twenty Skythian envoys went to Alexander the drove the defenders from the walls. This was Great, praying if he were a god to show it by at dusk. When suspicion had been lulled, doing good to men, and if but a man to reflect Chin Timur put some bridges over the ditch, on the uncertainty of his condition, instead of and put two ladders against the wall, one proceeding further with his design to rob them of which he planted himself. The walls were of their goods and peace." Jend seems to be the scaled, the gates opened, and the Mongols were Kojend of Edrisi.” He mentions it as one of inside before the garrison was properly aroused. the three cities of the Ghuz, on the lower Jax. As the assault cost them no men, they did not artes." Masûdi, in a corresponding passage, put the citizens to the sword. They were, which was probably copied by Edrisi, distinctly however, ordered to leave the place, and to says Jend. M. Lerch, who has studied the withdraw to a neighbouring plain, where they
50 Le. the Sihon.
Bretachneider, Notices of Med. Geography, pp. and 193.
#1 Op. cit. p. 32. * Abulghasi, p. 113, note I. ** Turkestan, vol. I, pp. 70-73.
** Abulghasi, p. 113; Tarikh-i-Rashidi, p. 972, noto.
De La Croix, op. cit. p. 177. "Not to be confounded, of course, with Khojend, further east in Ferghana.
Op. cit. tome II, p. 209. Ruanische Revue, vol. I, p. 31.
