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THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[OCTOBER, 1884.
of Muhammad the Aghri have reached, there I will carry slaughter and cause devastation. The remaining people who are in other parts of the world and the sovereigns of other kingdoms, they will relate my history." The Kadhi found he had lost favoar with Chinghiz Khân by his too great frankness, and he accordingly took an early opportunity of making his escape. The story, which has singular probabilities with it, is a good proof of the bitter animosity which the ruthless conduct of Molammad had inspired, and how impossible the implacable tyrant found it to support the mingled' insults and indignities which he had received, and of which the desolation of Khorasan was the price.
We have described Tului's campaign as reported by the Persian writers, and it will be well to complote it by the shorter notice given by the Chinese and native historians. In the Yuan-shi this campaign of Talui is given in epitome. We there read that he took the cities of Ma la ch'a.ye k'o, i e. Maruchak, a district subject to Merv, Ma-lu, i.e. Meru or Merv, and Si-la-sze, i.e. Sarakhs. This is assigned to the year 1221. During the next year it is recorded that he took the cities of Ta-sze (Tus), Ni chawur (Nishapur), and when returning devastated the kingdom of the Mu-la-yi, i.e. the Mu-lahids, Ismaelites, or assassing. In none of the western writers are we told that the Mongols at this time had any encounter with the
Ismaelites. To continue, Tolui crossed the river Ch'o-ch'o-lan, which may be also read Shuo. shuo-lan, and by which perhaps the Hari-rud is meant, captured the city of Ye-li, i.e. Herat, and other places, and then rejoined his father. The Yuan-ch'ao-pi-shi tells us Talui captured the cities of Isiepur, i.e. Nishapur, Chukhchelien, the Ch'o-ch'o-lan of the Yuan-shi, Ilu, i.e. Herat, and Sisten (Seistân). The Huang-yuan says in 1221 he took the cities of Ma-lu-ch'aye-k'o (Maruchak) Wulu (probably, says Bretschneider, a misprint for Malu or Merv), Si-lasze (Sarakhs), Ni-sha-u-r (Nishapur), and Ye-li (Herat). In the spring of 1222 he took T'a sze (Tur),and Ni-sha-u-rfi.e. Nishapur, for the second time). At the beginning of the hot season he received orders to make haste and join his father ; but before doing so, he made an incursion into the country of the Mu-la-di (i.e. the Mulahids), devastated it, crossed the river So-go-lan," and reached Ye-li, i.e., Herat." The Yuan-shilei-pen tells us that Tului in this campaign was accompanied by the idikut of the Uighurs, whom it styles Itagu, king of the Igur, and who it says had command of 10,000 men. They secured Malu (i.e. Merv), Chakiko, (?) Malusilassi (Maruchak), Sarakhs and other places, and having secured a great booty in a kingdom called Mulay (i.e. of the Mulahids), crossed a river called Shu-shu-lan, and marching by way of Ye-li, i.e., Herat, arrived at Talikan."
FACSIMILES OF THE INSCRIPTIONS OF ASOKA.
BY J. F. FLEET, Bo.C.S., M.R.A.S., C.I.E. The want has long been felt of some purely cease to be varieties of opinion and doubts and mechanical facsimiles of the Asoka Edicts. As speculation as to what the readings of the regards the process according to which litho- original texts might be found to be, if they graphs are propared from reduced copies made could be examined in situ. by eye from a comparison of impressions, photo I do not propose myself to enter into any of graphs, and published texts, no matter what the questions of disputed readings. My desire amount of personal learning, skill, and atten- is simply to make the necessary facsimiles tion, may be brought to the work, the fact available to those who have made a special remains that such lithographs are not facsimiles study of the Asoka Edicts. And, with this of the inscriptions as they really are, and they object, I now issue six plates from Allahabad fail entirely to give any representation of the and Delhi. The plates have been prepared by surroundings of the original writings. And, as a purely mechanical process throughout; being long as such lithographs are the only ones simply reduced by photo-lithography from the available to the public, so long there cannot black-and-white ink impressions made by a
• Tabakat---Nasiri, pp. 1088—1042; Erdmann, pp. 421 and 422.
Brotschneider, Notices, etc., pp. 61 and 62. 07 Vide ante. * Id., p. 66.*Gaubil, p. 38.
