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DECEMBER, 1884.]
HISTORY OF NEPAL.
411
also to a chain of mountains and to a river, the Arabis, now called the Purali, which falls into the Bay of Sonmiyâni. Ptolemy's Arabis, how- ever, lay nearer Karmania, and may be taken to be the Bhasul, which demarcated the western frontier of the Oreitai, and to the east of which the district is still known by the name of Arbu. Ptolemy does not mention the Oreitai, but seems to have included their territory in that of the Arbitai.
The Rhamnai are placed in Ptolemy's map in the northern part of the province and towards the river Indus. This race appears to have been one that was widely diffused, and one of its branches, as has been stated, was located among the Vindhyas.
The Parsidai, who bordered on Karmania, are mentioned in the Periplas (c. xxxvii) and also in Arrian's Indika (c. xxvi) where they are called Pasirës. They gave their names to a range of
mountains which Ptolemy makes the boundary between Gedrðsia and Karmania, and also to a town, Parsis, which formed the capital of the whole province.
Of the other towns enumerated only one is mentioned in Arrian's Indika, Gynaikôn Limên, or women's haven, the port of Morontobara, near Cape Monze, the last point of the Pab range of mountains. The haven was so named because the district around had, like Carthage, a woman for its first sovereign.
The names of the two towns Badara and Mougarna occur twice in Ptolemy, here as inland towns of Gedrôsia, and elsewhere as seaport towns of Karmania. Major Mockler, who personally examined the Makrin coast from Gwadar to Cape Jask, and has thereby been enabled to correct some of the current identifications, tries to show that Gwadar and Badara are identical. Badara appears in the Indika of Arrian as Barna.
SOME CONSIDERATIONS ON THE HISTORY OF NEPAL. BY PANDIT BHAGWÅNLÅL INDRAJI, PR. D., Hon. M.R.A.S., EDITED BY DR.G. BÜHLER, C.I.E.
THE history of Nepal, such as it was known Indian historical books, each succeeding chronibefore the publication of my Inscriptions cle is fuller and more complete than the earlier from Nepal,' Ind. Ant. Vol. IX, p. 163ff, ones. The later authors try to fill up the gaps was derived solely from the modern Vamávalis which they find in the narrative. They neglect, or Lists of the Dynasties,' of which several however, to indicate the sources from which exist in the libraries of the country. The list
they draw, and these additions invariably mako of kings given by Kirkpatrick in his Nepál, the already existing confusion worse, and the and thence transferred to J. Prinsep's Useful
errors more difficult to detect. Tables, is probably based on a short work in
A careful comparison of my MS. of the the Parvatiya language, which was shown to
Pårvatiya Varsávali with Dr. Wright's extracts me by the Kailasaparvata-Svámi. It gives
has shown that his data are, on the whole, trust. little more than a bare enumeration of the
worthy. But a brief résumé of its contents will names of the rulers of the valley. Dr. Wright's
not be out of place here. For I have to sugfuller account in his History of Nepál is derived
gest a certain number of corrections, some of from a Pârvatiya Vainśávali, composed less
which are of considerable importance. than a hundred years ago by a Bauddha ascetic,
LIST OF THE KINGS OF NEPÅL, ACCORDING TO THE who resided in the Mahâbuddha Vihara of
BAUDDHA PRVATİYA VAMGÅVALI. Lalitapattana. A copy of this work was given
I. GôPÅLA DYNASTY of MÂTÂTIRTILA, so called after to me by a Vajracharya of Lalita pattana. Of
the cowherd (gópála) whom Némuni installed other and more ancient Vanéávalis in the Newari
as the first ruler of Nepal, lasted 521 years. language I have heard more than once. But I
1. Bhuktaminagata,' ....................... 88 years. was anable to procure copies, though the state
2. Jayagupta, son of 1, ................. ment of my informants that these works were
3. Paramagupta, son of 2 ............... written on long rolls of paper, seemed to indicate 4. Harghagupta, son of 3 ............... that they had actually seen them. Their reco- 5. Bhimagupta, son of 4 ................ very is highly desirable. For, as is customary in 6. Manigupta, son of 5 ............
See also C. Bendall, Catalogue of Buddhist Sanskrit M88. in the Cambridge University Library.
Bhuktamina, according to Wright, History, P: 108, Bhaktamánagata, ibid. p. 812. This name is probably
owing to a mistake in the work, which the author of the Varsanalt used. For it seems to be a corruption of bhuktamawigata varaha, 'the year of the reign. The real name of the first prince is lost.
