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274
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[OCTOBER, 1884.
maternal ancle of Devendravarmâ. And it is which seems to have been established by fugidated, in words and figures, in the year 254 tives of the Vengi family in the seventh cenof some unspecified era, and on the first day of tury, and to have risen to power again for a the first fortnight of the month Phálguna. time, with Kalinganagara as the capital, during This inscription is in characters of the same the anarchy that existed from A.D. 977 to type with those of the inscription now published 1004. From these inscriptions he gives three in full, but at the same time considerably more names, -Jayavarmi;-his son, Anantavarma, Archaic in form, and approaching in that in A.D. 985;-and his son, Rajồndravarma. respect far more closely to the characters of the In my three inscriptions, Jayavarma is not grants of Indravarmi.- The second of them' mentioned ; and we have the three names of from Chicacole,' is issued from the city of Anantavarmi;-his son, Dévêndravarma; Kalinganagara by the glorious Satyavarma- and his son, Satyavarma. When I first noticed dêva, -the supreme lord of the whole of these inscriptions, I was inclined to identify Kalinga; the most devout worshipper of the the Anantavarma of the two sets, allotting god Mahesvara; and the son of the glorious to him two sons, Dévendravarma and RajênNahárdja Dêvêndravarmâ, the ornament of the dravarma. But, if Dr. Barnell's date of A.D. spotless family of the Gangas. It records the 985 for Anantavarma is correct, -which, howgrant, on the occasion of an eclipse of the sun, ever, I have no means of testing,- I do not of the village of Tåragrâma in the Galela now think that this can be done; for the vishaya. And, like the present grant now date of Devendravarma would thus be A.D. published in full, it is dated, in words, in the 1010; and then, referring the recorded date of fifty-first year of the centuries of the Gang@yathe year 254 for Devendravarm to the same lineage. This inscription is in characters of era with the dates of 91, 128, and 146, for the South Indian Nagari type, differing alto- Indravarma, the result would be to bring the gether from the characters of the grants of grants of Indravarmâ to a later period than is Indra varma and Devendravarma.
indicated by the palæographical standard of These three grants of Dêvôndra varmA and them. I have already suggested that, on hisSatyavarma are shown, by the characters in torical as well as paleographical grounds, Indrawhich they are engraved, to be of later date varmi may be referred to about Saka 579 to than the three grants of Indravarma. Conse- 582 (A.D. 657-58 to 660-61). Taking 136 as quently, the fifty-first year, which is quoted in the mean between the two certain dates of Inone of the grants of Devendravarmå-and in dravarma, and taking this as equivalent to the grant of his son Satyavarmi, cannot be Saka 580,- this would bring Devendravarma referred to the same epoch with the dates of to about Saka 696 (A.D. 774-75). And this 91, 128, and 146, of Indravarmi. And, partly is about the latest period to which, on palæobecause of this, and partly because in each graphical grounds, his grant of the year 254 instance the year is mentioned without any can be referred. specification of the month and the lunar day, As regards the dynastic name used in these I am inclined to look upon it as some conven- inscriptions -in the three grants of Indrational expression, which cannot be jast now varma, it is written Ganga,' with the vowel explained, and to consider that only the year of the first syllable long,-No. CXLII. I. 4, 254, in connection with which we have the ante p. 121 ; No. CXLIII. I. 8, ante p. 123; specification of both the month and the lunar and, as I have now satisfied myself by personal day, is a correct date for Devendravarma, and inspection of the original plates, in l. 5 of the that it may be referred to the same era with Parla-kimedi' grant.-In'l. 8 of the grant of the dates of Indravarma, whatever that era Devendravarma of the year 254, the same may be.
form occurs, Ganga.'-In l. 13 of the grant Dr. Barnell has mentioned some inscrip- of Satyavarma of the fifty-first year of the tions of the tenth century at Jayapura in the centuries of the Gangêya lineage, the form Ganjam' District, belonging to a dynasty that is used is 'Ganga,' with the vowel of the
No. 159 in Mr. Sewell's published List of Copper South Indian Palmography, p. 53. plato grants. Noticed by me, ante Vol. X. p. 243, No..! anto, p. 190.
