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EPIGRAPHIA INDICA.
(VOL. VII.
word sendûra in the following cases :--My ink-impression of the Saundatti inscription of A.D. 1096 or thereabouts shews that in line 24, where my published text, Jour. Bo. Br. R. A8. Soc. Vol. X. p. 196, gives sindhúra-lánchhanan, the original has sendúra-lánchhanan : the vowel of the first syllable is unmistakably e, é, not i; and in the second syllable the n and the i are unmistakable, and the subscript consonant, somewhat blurred, either is an original d, or else is an original dh corrected into d. And my ink-impression of the inscription at the temple of Ankalêsvara or Ankusêśvara at Saundatti, which, though not published, has been mentioned by me elsewhere,' shews distinctly sendúra-lánchchhanam in line 24, in the description of Anka in the passage of A.D. 1048, and again in line 59, in the description of Kärtavirya II. in the passage of A.D. 1087.
We thus have, well established, the two forms sindura and sendura or sendûra, both used in the Ratta records. And we have now to determine the meaning of the word.
Now, we bave in Sanskpit two words, sindhura, with the aspirated dh and the short u, meaning an elephant,' and sindura, with the unaspirated d and the long ú, meaning "red lead, minium, vermilion,' and 's particular kind of tree or plant.'
Dr. Kittel's Kannada-English Dictionary (1894) gives sindhûra, with the long d but still with the aspirated dh, as a variant of sindhura, and only with the meaning of an elephant. His authority for it is the Nánartharatnákara, 26. I am not able to examine that work. But I notice that Gangadhar Madiwaleshwar Turmari's Kanarese Vocabulary (1869) gives sindhára, with the long û and the aspirated dh, with the meanings both of elephant' and of kusoma, saffron,' the use of which for certain purposes was much the same as the use of sindura ; and, further, it brackets simdhura, with the short u, in such a way as to attribute to it, also, the meaning of kurikuma, for which, however, I cannot trace any other authority. And so, also, Reeve and Sanderson's Canarese Dictionary (1858) gives sindhura and sindhüra, with both the short u and the long û and with the aspirated dh, as meaning both red lead' and 'an elephant.'
In addition to giving sindhůra as another form of sindhura, Dr. Kittel's Dictionary further presents sindura, with the short u and the unaspirated d, as a tadbhava-corruption of sindhura. The authority quoted for this is the Sabdamanidarpana of Késiraja, Dr. Kittel's own edition (1872), p. 339. And there, under the illustrations of sâtra 255, which teaches amongst other things the change of dh to d, we certainly have "simdhuram = siduran." Here, however, the short u is preserved; and the corruption of sindhura, thus presented, is not sindúra with the long a. This corruption, sindura, is not given in Gangadhar Madiwaleshwar's Vocabulary, or in Reeve and Sanderson's Dictionary.
To the other word, sindura, Dr. Kittel's Dictionary assigns only the meaning of red lead, minium.' And, as tadbhava-corruptions of this word, it gives chandra (2), with chandara, chandara (1) and chendira (1), and also sendura, with the short e and u, and sendůra, with the long é and a, and both with the unaspirated d. Reeve and Sanderson's Dictionary does not include sendura or sendúra. Gangadhar Madiwaleshwar's Vocabulary does not present sendura or sendúra; but it does present sêmdhûra, with the long & and d and with the aspirated dh, as another form of sirdúra. I do not find this last form anywhere else.
For sendura, a a corruption of sindúra, Dr. Kittel has quoted only Gangadhar Madiwaleshwar's Vocabulary. But, as I have just said, that Vocabulary presents, not sendúra with the anaspirated d, bat sêmdhúra with the aspirated dh.
For gendura, a8 & corruption of sindúra, Dr. Kittel has quoted, with another authority which I am not able to examine, the Sabdamanidarpana of Kasiraja. his own edition (1872). p. 357. There, however, under the illustrations to stra 271 which teaches amongst other things that i becomes e, we have“ sindhúram = sendhura." In respect of this, I can only say that
Jour. B. Br. R. 4.. Soc. Vol X. p. 179 f., and Dyn. Kan. Distre. pp. 553, 554.
