Parampara Ane Pragati

Author(s): Dhirubhai Thakar
Publisher: Vakil Fafer and Simons Limited
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/034065/1

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paraMparA ane pragati sva. zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAInuM jIvanacaritra lekhaka DaoN. dhIrubhAI ThAkara vakIlsa phephara enDa sAyamansa limiTeDa hega bilDiMga, 9, skoTa roDa, muMbaI 400 038 Scanned by CamScanner

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purovacana bhAratano jhaDapI ane sarvadezIya Arthika vikAsa sadhAya te mATe tenI arthanItimAM udyogasAhasanI pravRtti moTA pAyA para dAkhala karAya te jarUranuM che. sadabhAgye, bhAratamAM audyogika sAhasa mATenI sUjhabUjhano toTo nathI. bhAratIya sAhasiko duniyAnA lagabhaga badhA dezomAM jaIne vasyA che ane tyAM temaNe udyogo sthApyA che, eTaluM ja nahIM, paNa sthAnika prajA sAthe spardhA karatAM karatAM te dezonA arthakAraNane samRddha banAvyuM che te A hakIkatanA purAvArUpa che. Arthika vikAsane lagatA paDakArone jhIlavA mATe ApaNe bhAratamAM navI DhiIne taiyAra karavI paDaze. tene mATeno eka sacoTa rasto e che ke temanI samakSa saphaLa udyogavIronAM jIvanavRttAMta mUkavAM. , , dhI e. DI. zropha memoriyala TrasTano eka uddeza bhAratIya arthanItinA ghaDavaiyAonAM jIvanacaritra pragaTa karavAM te che. gujarAtanA AgevAna udyogapati kastUrabhAI lAlabhAInI jIvanakzA aMgrejImAM prasiddha karI te A prakAranuM paheluM prakAzana hatuM. lokomAM tene sAro AvakAra maLelo che. kastUrabhAInA jIvananI preraka kyA gujarAtanA bahujanasamAjane sulabha thAya te hetuthI TrasTa have temanuM caritra gujarAtI bhASAmAM pragaTa kare che. kastUrabhAInA jIvana vizeno A gujarAtI graMtha aMgrejI pustakano anuvAda nathI, paraMtu navesara lakheluM svataMtra caritra che. te lakhavA mATe va Scanned by CamScanner

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che.dhIrubhAI ThAkara jevA samartha vidvAnanI sevAo meLavavA TrasTa bhAgyazALI banyuM che. TrasTI maMDaLa Do. ThAkarano, araviMda milanA janarala menejara pro. manubhAI zAhano tema ja pustakaprakAzananA kAryamAM TrasTane sahAya karanAra anya sauno AbhAra mAne che. kastUrabhAI lAlabhAInuM thoDA mahinA pahelAM ja avasAna thayuM; A pustakanA prakAzana vakhate teo ApaNI vacce nathI te bhAre duHkhanI vAta che. Aje bhale teo ApaNI vacce nathI, paNa temanA jIvana ane kAryanI A kathA saune mATe preraNArUpa banI raheze. 28, eprila, 1980 235, Do. dA. na. roDa muMbaI 400 001 nAnI pAlakhIvALA adhyakSa, TrasTImaMDaLa dhI eDI. zropha memoriyala TrasTa Scanned by CamScanner

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prAstAvika sva. zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAInuM A caritra pragaTa thAya che tyAre tenA lekhaka tarIke AnaMda ane raMjanI mizra lAgaNI anubhavuM chuM. A nimitte huM gujarAtanA e mahAna sapUtanA nikTanA paricayamAM AvI zakyo teno AnaMda che. udyogakSetre temaNe karelo pracaMDa puruSArtha navalakthAno viSaya bane tevo che tenI pratIti thaI. bIjI tarapha raMja e vAtanI rahI gaI ke A pustaka pragaTa thAya te pahelAM ja temanI jIvanalIlA saMkelAI gaI. tA. 20 DiseMbara 1979nA roja temane meM chelluM prakaraNa vAMcI saMbhaLAvyuM te vakhate khabara nahotI ke chelluM prakaraNa to pachI lakhavAnuM AvavAnuM che! te pachI barAbara eka mahine temanuM avasAna thayuM. pustaka chapAtuM hatuM te daramyAna ja A AghAtajanaka ghaTanA banI eTale pustakamAM keTaleka sthaLe temane vize vartamAnakALanI rIte karelA ullekho rahI javA pAmyA che. A kArya upADavAnI darakhAsta mArA mitra pro. cI. nA. paTela, pro. surendra kApaDiyA ane araviMda milanA janarala maeNnejara pro. manubhAI zAhe prathama mArI samakSa mUkI tyAre meM te svIkAravAnI AnAkAnI karelI. A prakAranAM caritrone aMge amuka apekSAo rakhAya che te mArAthI saMtoSavAnuM banaze nahIM ema meM spaSTatA karI, tyAre temaNe bhArapUrvaka kahyuM ke ahIM evI koI apekSA nathI. pachI mArA sarva praznonA khulAsAvAra javAba zrI kastUrabhAI Apaze ane lakhANamAM Scanned by CamScanner

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koI hastakSepa nahIM thAya enI khAtarI maLatAM meM A kAma svIkAryuM. DiseMbara 1978 thI Disembara 1979 daramyAna doDhabe klAkanI paMdareka beThako caritranAyaka sAthe goThavAI. temaNe potAne vize, kuTuMba vize tema ja vepAraudyoga aMge mukta mane ghaNI hakIkata kahI. pratyeka vigatanI saccAI aMgenI temanI cIvaTane cokasAI dhyAna kheMce tevI hatI. paraMtu tethIye vizeSa, mane temane mATe mAna e vAtanuM thayuM ke potAne vizenAM TIkAtmaka vidhAnomAM pheraphAra karavAnuM ke tene vize nApasaMdagI vyakta karavAnuM valaNa temanAmAM jarA paNa dekhAyuM nahIM. teo ene vize sAva nirlepa hatA. kastUrabhAInA mananI A moTAIthI-mahAnubhAvitAthI huM prabhAvita thayo chuM. A kAryane aMge mane zrI siddhArthabhAI, zrI zreNikabhAI, zrI balubhAI majumadAra, zrI rAmanArAyaNa zeTha ane amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTInA sekreTarI zrI nagInadAsa zAhe potAno amUlya samaya kADhIne keTalIka mahattvanI mAhitI ApelI che te mATe temano hRdayapUrvaka AbhAra mAnuM chuM. mArA snehI zrI ratibhAI desAIe A viSayane lagatI potAnI pAsenI sAmagrIno chUTathI upayoga karavA dIdho che te badala temano jeTalo AbhAra mAnuM teTalo ocho che. pratyeka prakraNane aMte ApelI TIpamAM A prakAranAM AdhArasthAnono ullekha karelo che. kastUrabhAInI DAyarI, temano aMgata patravyavahAra, vividha mulAkAtano tema ja temanA avasAna pachI AvelA saMdezA vagere sAhitya sulabha karI ApavA badala temanAM kuTuMbIjano tema ja A kAryamAM sAyaMta sahAyarUpa thayela mArA mitra zrI manubhAI zAhano huM RNI chuM. muMbaInA dhI e. DI. zrophamemoriyala TrasTe yuvA peDhInA ghaDataranA saduddezathI prerAIne bhAratIya arthanItinA AdhArastaMbharUpa udyogavIronAM jIvanacaritro prasiddha karavAno upakrama rAkhelo che. te zreNImAM ucita rIte ja kastUrabhAInuM caritra prathama lIdhuM che. tene nimitte gujarAta ane bhAratanA kApaDaudyoga tathA vepAranA saMdarbhamAM kastUrabhAInA vyaktitva tathA kAryano abhyAsa karavAnI taka sAMpaDI te badala dhI e. DI. zropha memoriyala TrasTano tema ja tenA mAnArhamaMtrI tathA TrasTI zrI ema. Ara. pAIno khAsa AbhAra mAnuM chuM. Scanned by CamScanner

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'' pustakaprakAzana aMge bhagavatI mudraNAlayanA zrI bhIkhAbhAI paTelano tema ja dIpaka prinTarInA zrI suMdarabhAI rAvatano, temaNe bajAvelI cIvaTabharI kAmagIrI badala, AbhAra mAnavo joIe. AraMbhamAM ApelI saMkSeponI samaja ane chelle mUkelI mudraNazuddhi dhyAnamAM laIne pustaka vAMcavA vinaMtI che. Epatazh butsa 19, zAradA sosAyaTI amadAvAda-380007 me 1, 1980 bIjI AvRtti vakhate A prathama AvRttinuM punarmudraNa che. kastUrabhAInA vyaktitva ane temanI udyoganItinAM ghotaka temanAM potAnAM vaktavyo chevaTe pariziSTa rUpe umeryAM che. AzA che ke vAcakone te gamaze. re ra Scanned by CamScanner

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saMkSeponI samaja Ahm=Ahmedabad, A Study in Indian Urban History, Kenneth L. Gillion, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles; The New Order Book Company, Ahmedabad, 1968. gupAa=gujarAtanuM pATanagara amadAvAda, ratnamaNirAva bhImarAva joTe, gujarAta sAhitya sabhA, amadAvAda, 1929. mA=mahAdevabhAInI DAyarI, pustaka 12, 13. saM. caMdulAla bha. dalAla, sAbaramatI Azrama surakSA ane smAraka TrasTa, amadAvAda,1972, 1973. AR=Ahmedabad, The Rotary Club of Ahmedabad, 1940. tIsezA - tIrthaMrakSaka seTha zAntidAsa, riSabhadAsa rAMkA, rAMkA cerITebala TrasTa, vazva, 1178. HICTI=History of the Indian Cotton Textile Industry, V. B. Kulkarni, The Millowmers' Association, Bombay, 1979. zrelA=zreSThivarya zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI, ratilAla dI. desAI, zeThazrI ka. lA. amRta mahotsava samiti, amadAvAda, 1970. mu-zeThazrI kastUrabhAInI mulAkAtane AdhAre. Scanned by CamScanner

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KL-Kasturbhai Lalbhai, The A. D. Shroff Memorial Trust, Bombay, 1978. KD-Kasturbhai's Diary (unpublished). KDII-Kasturbhai's Diary Part II (unpublished). AdazA AzArAma dalIcaMda zAha ane temano samaya, mULacaMda AzArAma zAha, 1934. saMcaya= saMcaya" mAsika, saMpAdaka mahendra rAvaLa, amadAvAda. sapra=satyanA prayogo athavA AtmakathA, mo. ka. gAMdhI, navajIvana, 1940. eyu eka dharmayuddha, mahAdeva ha. desAI, navajIvana. gAMaegAMdhIjIno akSaradeha, navajIvana. mAjI=mArI jIvanakathA, javAharalAla neharu, anu. mahAdeva ha. desAI, navajIvana, 1937. asAjI=anasUyAbahena sArAbhAInI jIvanakyA, zivazaMkara zukla, majUra mahAjana saMgha, amadAvAda, 1973. mamu-zrI bI. ke. majumadAranI mulAkAtane AdhAre. kaapa=zrI kastUrabhAInA aMgata patravyavahAramAMthI. sava saradAra vallabhabhAI, narahari dra. parIkha, navajIvana, 1959. adI=akhaMDa dIvo, lInA maMgaladAsa, zreyasa prakAzana, amadAvAda, 199, rAmu zrI rAmanArAyaNa zeThanI mulAkAtane AdhAre.. simu=zrI siddhArtha kastUrabhAInI mulAkAtane AdhAre zremu-zrI zreNika kastUrabhAInI mulAkAtane AdhAre. namu=amadAvAda ejyu. sosA.nA maMtrI zrI nagInadAsa zAhanI mulAkAtane AdhAre hIva5=hIrAne vadhu patro, hasamukha pArekha, vorA eNnDa kaM, muMbaI, 1976. Scanned by CamScanner

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1. adritIya amadAvAda 2. kuLaparaMparA ... 3. vasa-ughogano vAraso 4. ghaDatara ... 5. zAntAnukUla pavano 6. kasoTI ane padArthapATha 7. vaDI dhArAsabhAmAM 8. vistaratI kSitijo 9. vATAghATa ane viSTi... 10. abhinava udyoganIrtha 11. majUra ane mAlika 12. rASTrIya raMgapITha para ... 13. svarAjaprApti pachI ... ... 14. prAcIna tIrtho ane Adhunika saMsthAo 15. uttamanA abhilASI 16. chelluM darzana ... jIvana-rekhA (sAlavArI) pariziSTa 1 pariziSTa 2 pariziSTa 3 anukrama ... ... 1 14 20 28 36 ra 51 60 Ta 86 102 109 120 130 154 182 198 206 209 212 Scanned by CamScanner

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- dA advitIya amadAvAda narapuMgavonI mAphaka nagarone paNa AgavuM vyaktitva hoya che. amadAvAda sikkAdAra vyaktitva dharAvatuM zahera che. bhAratanAM bIjAM nagaro karatAM te aneka rIte anokhuM che. muMbaI, madrAsa, klakattA ane kAnapura briTiza hakUmatanI chatrachAyAmAM UcharelAM zahero che. amadAvAda svakIya puruSArtha ane taLapadI paraMparAne AdhAre UbhuM thayeluM che. surata, DhAkA ke murzidAbAda jevAM jUnAM udyogapradhAna zahero (jemane raoNbarTa klAIve 1757mAM laMDananAM samovaDiyAM gayAM hatAM) khUnakhAra yuddhathI pAyamAla na thAya teTalAM videzIonA audyogika AkramaNane kAraNe bhAMgI paDyAM hatAM te vakhate, bhAratabharamAM amadAvAda ja eka evuM zahera hatuM je bahArathI dhasamasatA AvatA audyogika humalAono saphaLa sAmano karIne aDIkhama UbhuM hatuM. 1830mAM kaMpanI sarakAranA eka briTiza adhikArIe sarakArane riporTa mokalatAM lakheluM ke "A dezamAM ApaNI sarakAra sAme sAmAnya TIkA e thAya che ke ApaNI hakUmata nIce zahero hamezAM bhAMgatAM hoya che, paraMtu amadAvAda temAM eka sukhada apavAda che." A noMdhamAM ghaNuM tathya raheluM che. bIjAM zahero tUTatAM hatAM te vakhate amadAvAda tenA vepAra-hunnara ane tenI prajAnI AgavI zakti ne sUjhane pratApe TakI rahyuM hatuM. Scanned by CamScanner

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paraMparA ane pragati vastImAM chaThThuM naMbare AvatuM A zahera mAthAdITha AvakamAM bhAratabharamAM UMcuM sthAna dharAve che. tenI A AbAdInA pAyAmAM tenAM saMtAnono udyama paDelo che. bhAratavAsIne khAsa lAgu na paDe tevI keTalIka khAsiyato gujarAtImAM jovA maLe che, temAM udyama ane vyavahArakuzaLatA mukhya che. amadAvAdano vaNika A bAbatamAM savAI gujarAtI gaNAya tema che. karakasara tene gaLathUthImAM maLelI che. te udyamI teTalo ja khaMtIlo ane dhIrajavAna che. sAduM ane svAAyI jIvana paraMparAthI teNe apanAveluM che. te saraLa ane ochAbolo che. svabhAve zAMtipriya paNa vyavahAramAM cAlAka ane buddhizALI che. chetaravA karatAM chetarAvAmAM nAnama samaje. kazAthI uzkerAya nahIM. jhaghaDo Ubho thAya to samAdhAna zodhe, jethI kAma bagaDe nahIM ne AgaLa cAle. vepAranA sodAmAM ke karAramAM koIne kadI vacana na Ape, vacana to zuM vinA kAraNa tALI paNa na ApavI e amadAvAdI viNakanI nIti. paNa eka vAra vacana ApyuM to te game te bhoge pALavAnI prAmANikatA paNa tenAmAM che. ra kaMjUsAInI hade pahoMce tevI karakasara amadAvAdInI raheNIkaraNImAM dekhAya. paNa dAna ApavAno prasaMga upasthita thAya to temAM pAchI pAnI na kare. dhananI kiMmata ane upayogitA barAbara pichAne, paNa teno dekhADo na kare. dhanano mada tene sAmAnya rIte caDato nathI; paNa dhananuM AkarSaNa, bIjA koInA karatAM tene vizeSa. sAmAnyapaNe gaNatarIbAja ane ThaMDA svabhAvano gaNAto A vaNika dhananA mohamAM saTTo karavA lalacAya che tyAre ghaNI vAra uDAu svabhAvathI thAya tethI vizeSa Arthika nuksAna sahana kare che. bIjA game te kare, paNa pote to potAnI asala rIte ja cAlavAno Agraha amadAvAdI rAkhe che. yuropiyano, pArasIo ane mAravADI vagere amadAvAda AvyA paNa phAvyA nahIM tenuM eka kAraNa e ke temanI rItabhAtanI rUDhicusta amadAvAdI upara khAsa kazI asara nahIM thayelI. "amAre koInA vAda nahIM" ema kahIne te dekhAdekhIthI ghaNuMkharuM dUra rahe che. amadAvAdanA sthApaka ahamadazAhane ghaDIbhara bhUlI jaIne 'nahIM mada, nahIM vAda, tenuM nAma amadAvAda' evI 'amadAvAda' zabdanI azAstrIya vyutpatti karIe to temAM amadAvAdInA asala svabhAva para yathArtha prakAza paDato jaNAze. Scanned by CamScanner

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adritIya amadAvAda 3 amadAvAdanI ronaka ane jAhojalAlI bIjAM zaheronI mAphaka gAmaDAMonA zoSaNathI UbhI thayelI nathI, paNa tenA vepAra-udyogane pratApe che. A vepAraudyoga koI rAjA-mahArAjAne Azraye khIlyo nathI, paNa sthAnika kArIgaro, vepArIo ane zarAphonA peDhI-dara-peDhI pravartelA saMyukta puruSArthanuM phaLa che. vaMzaparaMparAthI cAlatI AvatI zrImaMta vaNikonI Arthika sattA ane sAmAjika pratiSThA amadAvAdanA vyaktitvanuM eka mahattvanuM aMga che. yuropIya zaheronA jevI svAyattatA bhale teNe bhogavI na hoya, paraMtu zAsakone prajAnI IcchAne anukULa banAvI zake teTalI vaga ane kuzaLatA A vepArIvarganAM mahAjana jevAM saMgaThano ane tenA mukharUpa nagarazeThomAM hatI. uttara bhArata sAthe cAlato vepAra moTe bhAge gujarAta ane rAjasthAnanA mArge cAlato. tethI A be pradezanA zAsako AvatA-jatA mAla para kara nAkhatA. te kAraNe paNa vepArIo ane zarAphonAM mahAjanono zAsako sAthe ThIka ThIka gADha saMbaMdha rahyo hato. | gujarAtano vepAra TakAvIne bahAranAM paribaLothI tenuM rakSaNa karavAnuM kAma tenAM mahAjanoe kareluM che. chellAM eka hajAra varSathI aneka jhaMjhAvAtonI sAme madhyama vargane TakI rahevAnuM baLa A saMsthA pAsethI maLyuM che. gujarAtanA jevuM mahAjananuM saMgaThana bhAratamAM kyAMya nathI. ane amadAvAdanA jevuM samartha ane saMpUrNa baMdhAraNavALuM mahAjana gujarAtamAM bIje nathI. koI prakAranA ADaMbara ke jAhera dhamAdhama vagara zAMtithI potAnuM kAma karyuM javuM e A mahAjananI khAsiyata che. komI vikhavAda dabAvavAmAM ane rAjasattAthI lokasamUhane kacaDAto bacAvavAmAM teno moTo phALo che. badhA vyavasAyonAM mahAjana hoya che. temAM zarAphanA mahAjanano movaDI nagarazeTha bane che. koI paNa dhaMdhAno binanokariyAta mANasa mahAjananuM matuM rAkhI zake. moTAmAM moTo mahAjanano zeTha gaNAya. nIcalA dhaMdhAno zeTha paTela kahevAya. zeThAI sAmAnya rIte vaMzaparaMparAnI hoya che, paNa lAyakAtathI paNa te maLI zake che. tethI kahevata paDI che ke: lakhatAM lahiyo nIpaje, bhaNatAM paMDita hoya, laDatAM zeDiyo nIpaje, enuM kuLa na pUche koya. matuM jAya to vepAranA haka ne rakSaNa jAya. Scanned by CamScanner

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paraMparA ane pragati A mahAjananuM baLa eTale saMpa ane ekatAnuM baLa. tenAthI e rAjasattAnA anyAya sAme laDela che. tenAthI nAnAmoTA hunnaro jUnA vakhatathI sacavAI rahyA che. paradezI sattA sAme dhaMdhAdArIne tenAthI rakSaNa maLyuM che. amadAvAdanuM mahAjana A bAbatamAM sauthI vadhu zaktizALI hatuM. A mahAjane eka vAra potAnuM calaNa paNa cAlu karyuM hatuM. adAlato ane amaladAro para paNa mahAjanano prabhAva paDato. Apakhuda adhikArIo mahAjana dvArA ja potAnuM kAma karAvI zakatA. bArobAra koI kArIgara pAse veTha karAvI zakatA nahIM. mahAjana veTha karanArane potAnA bhaMDoLamAMthI vetana ApatuM. briTiza rAjyamAM paNa kasabaverA ugharAvIne mahAjana te sarakArane bharatuM. aMdaraaMdaranI harIphAIthI ekabIjAne nukasAna karavAnuM valaNa koI dhaMdhAmAM jAge to tene mahAjana aTakAve. koI dhaMdhAnuM mahAjana bhAva vadhAre to bIjAM mahAjano teno vyavahAra baMdha karIne asahakAra kare. badhAM mahAjano ghaNuMkharuM paraspara sahakArathI varte. amadAvAdamAM eka vAra bahArathI ochA bhAve kAma karavA mATe kaDiyA AvelA. temane kuMbhAra mahAjananA sahakArathI kaDiyA mahAjane hAMkI kADhyA hatA.' badhI jAtanA vAMdhA mahAjana patAve. nyAyanI adAlatanuM kAma paNa mahAjana kare. doSitane daMDa thAya. daMDanI rakama mahAjananA bhaMDoLamAM jAya. mahAjanano kAMTo dharamano kAMTo gaNAya. tolano paiso Ave te pAMjarApoLamAM jAya. jaina, vaiSNava ane zaiva-sau A mahAjanamAM eka thaIne rahe. hiMdumuslimano temAM bheda nahIM. mahAjananI prathAthI aMdha samAnatAvAda (Bigoted Communism) Avyo ema keTalAkanuM kahevuM che. mahenatu ane ALasu saune sarakhA gaNe eTale vyaktine svaprayatnathI dhanavAna thavAmAM te amuka aMze harakatarUpa bane che. paNa tenAthI vepArane moTuM rakSaNa maLyuM, te moTo phAyado gaNAya. amadAvAdamAM kapaDa (maskatI) bajaranuM sauthI moTuM ane vyavasthita mahAjana che. evAM ja sUtara ane zera bajAranAM mahAjano che. milamAlikonuM mahAjana dhArAsabhAmAM pratinidhitva meLavI zakaryuM hatuM. mila-udyoganA vikAsa Scanned by CamScanner

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aditIya amadAvAda , sAte bajAra ane mAlika vaccenA jhaghaDAnI patAvaTa mATe gAMdhIjInI preraNAnI majA mahAjana apAyuM. tenAthI amadAvAdamAM audyogika zAMti jaLavAI rahI che. te mahAjananI jUnI prathAnI Adhunika yugamAM asAdhAraNa zakti gaNAvI Iie, jUnI paraMparAne jALavI rAkhavA sAthe navAM paribaLone potAnI rIte bIlIne khIlatI jatI A nagarI che. tenI saMsakRtimAM junA ane navAnuM adbhuta mizraNa jovA maLe che. bhUtakALanuM vartamAnamAM sAta amadAvAdamAM dekhAya che teTaluM spaSTa bhAratanI bIjI koI nagarImAM bhAgye ja jovA maLaze. sAbaramatIne be kAMThe vaselA ane vistaratA jatA amadAvAdano itihAsa pAMca-cha saikAthI lAMbo nathI. AjanA amadAvAdanA sthAne agiyAramI sadImAM cha lAkha bhIlonA saradAra AzA bhIle vasAvelI AzApallI nagarI hatI. vepAra ane samRddhimAM te pATaNa ane khaMbhAta pachI trIje naMbare gaNAtI. siddharAjanA pitA karNa solaMkIe agiyAramI sadInA chellA pAdamAM AzA bhIlane harAvIne AzApallI jItI lIdhuM ane tyAM karNAvatI vasAvyuM. udayana maMtrIe pAchaLathI kalikAlasarvajJa tarIke khyAti pAmela hemacaMdrAcAryane ahIM ucherelA. bAramI sadImAM jaina sAdhuo ane maMdirone kAraNe karNAvatI prathama paMktinI saMskAranagarI tarIke khyAti pAmeluM. hastakaLAnA hunnarone kAraNe te vepAranuM paNa moTuM mathaka banyuM hatuM. ahIM taiyAra thayela mAlanI bharUca ane khaMbhAta baMdarethI nikAsa thatI. teramI sadInA aMtabhAgamAM allAuddIna khilajIe gujarAta jItI laIne tene sUbAonI hakUmata nIce mUkyuM. eka saiko aMdhAdhUMdhI cAlI temAM pATaNa ane karNAvatInAM teja vilAI gayAM. I. sa. 1396mAM sUbA jhapharakhAna mujaphapharazAha nAma dhAraNa karIne gujarAtanA svataMtra sulatAna tarIke potAnI hakUmata sthApI. 1410mAM teno patra ahamadazAha pATaNanI gAdIe Avyo, tyAre pATaNanI jAhojalAlI phikkI paDI gaI hatI. ahamadazAha bALapaNamAM vAraMvAra karNAvatInI mulAkAte Avato. tyAMnAM havApANI tene khUba gamatAM. sarakhejanA saMta zekha ahamada khaTu gaMjabakSanI Scanned by CamScanner

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paraMparA ane pragati preraNAthI teNe karNAvatInI lagolaga navuM zahera vasAvavAno nirNaya karyo. I.sa. 1411nA phebruArInI 27mI tArIkhe cAra pAka ahamadonA zubha haste sAbaramatInA pUrvakinAre mANeka buraja AgaLa amalAvAvano pAyo naMkhAyo" te divasathI ja tenI unnatino suvarNayuga beTho ema kahI zakAya. e vakhate sAbaramatI nadI hAlanA mANekcokamAM mAMDavInI poLa AgaLathI vahetI. tene tIre mANekanAtha bAvAno Azrama hato. navuM zahera vasAvavA mATe ahamadazAha pATaNathI eka lAkha pAyadaLa, AThaso hAthI, batrIsa hajAra UMTa, chaso topo, soLa hajAra poThI, soLaso gADAM ne pAMca karoDa rUpiyA laIne Avyo hato. pahelAM bhadrano killo baMdhAyo ane tyAM pATaNamAM hatI tevI zaheranI rakSakadevI bhadrakAlInI sthApanA karI. pachI mahaMmada begaDAnA amala daramyAna zaheranI dIvAla baMdhAI. teno cha mAIlano gherAvo hato ane temAM bAra daravAjA hatA. pachInAM baso varSa daramyAna sulatAnoe ane mogala sUbAoe suMdaratA ane bhavyatAmAM eka ekathI caDe tevI asaMkhya imArato bAMdhI. eka vakhata evo hato, jyAre amadAvAdamAM ekasAthe eka hajAra minArA dekhAtA. paradezI musApharo tenA mahelo, masjido ane makabarAnI sthApatyaklAnAM vakhANa karatAM thAkatA nahIM. amadAvAdane koIe bhAratanA zreSTha nagara tarIke oLakhAvyuM, koIe tene eziyAnA suMdara ane moTA zahera tarIke varNavyuM. 'mirAte ahamadI'nA lekhaka alI mahamada khAne tene 'nagarIonI rANI' ane 'sAmrAjyanA gaurava'nuM biruda ApyuM hatuM. 1deg saltanatanA samayamAM amadAvAdamAM 360thI 380 jeTalAM parAM hatAM, jemAMnAM keTalAMka zaheranA koTanI aMdara hatAM. hAlanA usmAnapurAmAM eka hajAra dukAno hatI. kArIgaro ne vepArIo uparAMta muslima adhikArIonI tyAM vasAhata hatI. sulatAnonA amala daramyAna amadAvAdanA rastA eTalA pahoLA hatA ke dasa gADIo eksAthe jaI zakatI.11 bhAratanAM cAra zaheromAM sonAnI TaMkazALa hatI. temAMnuM eka amadAvAda hatuM. amadAvAdamAM e vakhate kuDIbaMdha karoDapati hatA.12 ahIM taiyAra thayela jarI, kinakhAba, saba, rezama ane sutarAu hAthavaNATanA kApaDanI e jamAnAmAM Scanned by CamScanner

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adritIya amadAvAda 7 nI mAga hatI ke karothI pIkiMga sudhInI bajAromAM tenuM vecANa thatuM. rezamI 2 sonerI bharatakAmanI vastuomAM to amadAvAda venisa ane sisilInI Skharo karatuM. AphrikAnA kinArA para A vastuonAM sogaNAM dAma UpajatAM. layAno bhAe ja evo deza haze, jenI sAthe amadAvAdane vepArI rAMbaMdha na hoya. sthApatyo, rastAnI bAMdhaNI, hunnara-udyoga, vepAra tema ja samRddhi ane vastIne kAraNe amadAvAda dezabharamAM adritIya gaNAtuM. 1471mAM mahaMmada begaDo jUnAgaDha jItavAmAM rokAyelo hato, tyAre te jamAluddIna nAmanA mANasane muhAphijhakhAno ilakAba ApIne amadAvAdano jadAra banAvyo hato. teNe TUMkA gALAmAM ja pAMcaso corone phAMsI ApelI. te sattaraso hathiyArabaMdha sainikone sAthe laIne pharato. pAchaLathI te amadAvAdano sago banelo. loke tenA amala daramyAna khulle bAraNe sUtA. enuM ghara ghIkAMTe hatuM ne teno makTaro paNa tyAM ja che.13 mahaMmada begaDAno putra mujaphapharazAha hatIma dArUno virodhI hato. teNe mAdaka pINAM para pratibaMdha mUkyo. eka divasa teno mAnIto ghoDo mAMdo paDyo. tene koI davA lAgu na paDI, eTale dArU pAyo ane te sAjo thayo. sulatAnane A vAtanI jANa thaI tyAre te bahu du:khI thayo. pachI te e ghoDA para kadI beThelo nahIM ema kahevAya che. gujarAtanA e divaso dArUbaMdhInA hatA ema jemsa DagalAse noMdhyuM che. 1573mAM akabare gujarAta jItI lIdhuM tyArathI mughala hakUmata zarU thaI. akkara be vakhata amadAvAda AvIne babbe aThavADiyAM rahI gayelo. 1617mAM jahAMgIre amadAvAdanI mulAkAta lIdhI tyAre tene TUMTiyAno tAva lAgu paDelo. AthI ciDAIne teNe amadAvAdane 'gardAbAdaane 'jahannamAbAda' jevAM vizeSaNothI navAjavuM hatuM. chatAM tene kaMkariyAnI havA pasaMda hatI. kAMkariyA para eka saMnyAsInI maskUlamAM pravezIne tenI sAthe teNe vArtAvinoda karelo. jahAMgIra bhadranA killebI nUrajahAMne baLadagADImAM laIne koI vAra ekalo pharavA nIkaLato. nUrajahAMno bhAI ajImaMdakhAM amadAvAdano hato. tenI putrI arjumaMdabAnu te ja pAchaLathI khyAti pAmelI zAhajahAMnI begama mumatAja. zAhajahAM ane mumatAjanuM prathama milana amadAvAdamAM thayeluM.15 Scanned by CamScanner

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8 paraMparA ane pragati jahAMgIra amadAvAdamAM hatI te arasAmAM briTiza evadhI jAya to rone teNe briTanane bhAratamAM vepAranA haka ApanI ane briTiza mAlanI mukta AyAtanI maMjUrI Apato karArapatra karI Apyo hato, 1618mAM zAhajahAM gujarAtano sUbo laIne amadAvAda Avyo. tene 1921-22mAM zAhIbAga banAvyo, jenI nAmanA gujarAtamAM ja nahIM, bhArata bharamAM thaI hatI. zAhajIe tAjamahAla bAvelo, tenI DijhAina pAchaLa amadAvAdamAM joyelA sthApatyakalAnA saMskAra hatA e eka mata che. auraMgajeba be varSa amadAvAdano sUbo rahyo te daramyAna be komI hulaDa thayelItenA mRtyu bAda amadAvAdanI paDatI zarU thaI. sUbAo aMdaroaMdara laDatA. marAThAo sAthe satata laDavAnuM thatAM zaherano vepAra udyoga bhAMgavA lAgyo. loko hijarata karavA lAgyA. 1714mAM hiMdu-muslima hullaDa thaI. 1733mAM marAThA lazakara amadAvAdamAM dhU. 1737-38mAM zahera para baoNmba mAro thayo. 1742mAM mughalo ne marAThA vacce yuddha thayuM. 1753mAM marAThA zAsana sthapAyuM. adhuM amadAvAda gAyakavADanI sattA nIce hanune adhu pezvAnI hakUmatamAM. e pAMca-cha dAyakA amadAvAdanI prajAne mATe kaparI kasoTInA hatA. marAThAonI haTathI zaheranI suMdara imAratonI khAnAkharAbI thaI gaI. bhavya mahelo khaMDiyera jevA thaI gayA. hajAro kArIgaro zahera choDIne cAlyA gayA. "vepArI, kArIgara ane musApharothI bharacaka raheluM zahera Aje daridra ane satvahIna thaI gayeluM dIse che."--ema jemsa phorbsa e sthiti joIne uddagAra kADhelA.8 gAyakavADa, pezvA ne briTizanAM paraspara saMgharSa ne samajUtIne aMte 1817mAM pezvAe gAyakavADane ane gAyakavADe devA peTe briTizane amadAvAda sopyuM. Danalopa amadAvAdano pahelo kalekaTara hato. eka samaye aDhI-traNa lAkhe pahoMcelI amadAvAdanI vastI A vakhate mAtra aMzI hajAranI hatI. 1826mAM tyAM be gujarAtI zALAo sthapAI. 1832mAM koTanuM samArakAma zaherIonI samiti dvArA aDhI lAkhanA kharace Danalope karAvyuM. 1833mAM sauprathama myunisipAliTI sthapAI. zAMti ane vyavasthA punaH dekhAyAM. 1870 sudhImAM milo, zALAo ane relavenI sagavaDo AvI. vepAra-hunnara puna: sajIvana Scanned by CamScanner

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adritIya amadAvAda 9 thayA. muslima amala daramyAna 'zahera mujama' (mahAna nagarI tarIke khyAti pAmela amadAvAdanuM nUra vaccenA seMkamAM jhAMkhuM paDeluM, te pAchuM camakavA lAgyuM. amadAvAdanI sthApanA aMgenI eka lokokti bahu jANItI che: jaba kutte para sassA AyA ahamadazAhane zahara basAyA. zikArI kUtarA sasalAnI pAchaLa paDavAne badale A bhUmi para sasalAne zikArI kUtarAno sAmano karavuM joyuM tyAre ahamadazAhane thayuM haze ke A bhUmimAM anokhuM daivata dekhAya che, mATe ahIM ja zahera vasAvIe.A daMtakathAne itihAsano AdhAra nathI, paraMtu tenA mULamAM A aitihAsika zaheranA lokonI anokhI zaktie UbhI karelI chApa haze ema anumAna karIzuM to khoTuM nahIM gaNAya. mahAjananI maryAdAmAM rahIne samRddhi pedA karavI ane bahAranAM tattvone temAM praveza karavA na devo pachI bhale te game tevAM baliSTha hoya, evI A prajAnI prakRti che. zAMtidAsa jhaverIe auraMgajeba jevA dharmodha bAdazAha pAsethI tIrtha rakSAnuM pharamAna meLavyuM; lakSmIcaMde pitAnI gAdI meLavavA baMDa karanAra murAdane hiMmata karIne moTI rakama dhIrI; khuzAlacaMde sUbAnI sAme bAkarI bAMdhI ane marAThAone amadAvAdane ghAlelo ghero uThAvI levA samajAvyA. betALIsanI krAnti vakhate bhAratabharamAM ajoDa evI traNa mahinAnI haDatALa milamAlika ane majUronI paraspara saMmatithI sadhAya evI yojanA kastUrabhAIe ane khaMDubhAIe maLIne karI; mahAgujarAtanA AMdolana vakhate janatA kaphano abhinava prayoga thayo, neharu jevA neharunI sabhAmAM bhAga laDyA ne indulAla yAjJika jevA phakara netAnI sabhAmAM mAnavamaherAmaNa UpaDyo. A badhuM amadAvAdamAM ja banI zake 2* zaheranA svamAna AgaLa zAsakone jhUkatA karavAnI ThaMDI tAkAta amadAvAdanI prajAmAM pahelethI rahelI che. gAMdhIjI ane saradAranuM paDakhuM sevAtAM tenI gajavela ra pANIdAra banI. sarakAranI zemAM taNAvuM nahIM ane tenI madada mATe hAtha joDIne besI rahevuM nahIM e ghaNuMkharuM tenI nIti banI rahI. svAzraya ane sahakAranA choDane gAMdhIjInI A tapobhUminAM havApANI sArI peThe sadI gayAM che tenuM javalaMta dRSTAMta sahakArI gRhamaMDaLIonI pravRtti Scanned by CamScanner

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paraMparA ane pragati che. vepAra-udyoganA vikAsa sAthe zaheranI vastI vadhatI jatI hatI. raheThANanI samasyA UbhI thaI. tene hala karavA mATe sahakArI dhoraNe gRhamaMDaLIo UbhI karavAmAM AvI. chellA cAra dAyakAmAM tenI yojanA amadAvAdamAM eTalA vistRta ne vyavasthita dhoraNe mUrta rUpa pAmI che ke dezabharamAM eno joTo jaDavo muzkela che. zaheranI jarUriyAto vadhatI gaI tema tema tenA agraNIoe aneka navIna sAhasarUpa pravRttionuM Ayojana karavA mAMDayuM. samayanAM vaheNa sAthe kadama milAvIne AgaLa vadhavAno e tarIko hato. gujarAta kaoNlejanI aitihAsika haDatALamAMthI amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTInuM vidyAvRkSa UbhuM thayuM. ane temAMthI gujarAta yunivarsiTI mATenuM kaeNmpasa taiyAra thayuM. jasTisa ema. sI. cAgalA muMbaI yunivarsiTInA vAisa cAnselara hatA tyAre eka vAra amadAvAdanI mulAkAte AvelA. te vakhate amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTIno vistAra joIne teo ahobhAvapUrvaka e matalabanuM bolelA ke, "yunivarsiTI mATe tame ATaluM vizALa kaeNmpasa agAuthI taiyAra karyuM che tenI mane khabara ja nahotI. enI jAherAta tame kema koI ThekANe karI nathI?" tyAre zeTha amRtalAla haragovanadAse sAcA amadAvAdIne zobhe evo javAba Apelo. temaNe kaheluM : "sAheba, ame amadAvAdanA loko bAMdhI mUThI lAkhanI rAkhavAmAM mAnIe. bahAra dekhADo karavAno svabhAva nahIM." bhAratabharamAM kadAca evuM eke zahera nahIM hoya jenA agraNIoe ApasUjhathI bhAvi vikAsane lakSamAM rAkhIne yunivarsiTInA vizALa kaeNmpasa mATe lAkhkho rUpiyAnuM bhaMDoLa ekatra karIne agAuthI taiyArI karI rAkhI hoya ! 10 najIkanA bhUtakALanI vAta karIe to, koI paNa zaherane IrSA Ave tevI, AMtararASTrIya khyAti dharAvatI Adhunika saMsthAo sthApavAno jaza paNa amadAvAde lIdho che. inDiyana insTiTayUTa oNpha menejamenTa, naeNzanala insTiTyUTa oNpha DijhAina ane phijhIkala risarca laeNboreTarInI sthApanA sarakAranA prayatna ke AyojanathI nahIM, paraMtu amadAvAdanA bhAvi hitane najaramAM rAkhIne tenA bauddhika ane vidyAkIya vikAsanuM svapnuM sevanAra DaoN. vikrama sArAbhAI ane kastUrabhAI lAlabhAIne pratApe thaI zakI che. A saMsthAonI asAdhAraNa guNavattAvALI kAmagIrIne kAraNe bhArata sarakAre tene anudAna ApavAnuM svIkAryuM Scanned by CamScanner

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adritIya amadAvAda 11 che. paraMtu tenI sthApanA ane saMcAlananI Arthika javAbadArI to tenA niyAmaka maMDaLe ja uThAvelI che. "himate mardA to madade khudA" e nIti aMgata mahattvAkAMkSA siddha karavA pUratI ja nahIM, paNa sArvajanika hitanAM kAryomAM paNa amadAvAdanA agraNIoe apanAvelI che. kharuM jotAM mahenata karIne roTalo raLatA pratyeka amadAvAdInuM e jIvanasUtra che. pachI te hAthalArI kheMcato majUra hoya, kApaDa bajArano vANotara hoya, sAIkala para yUzane jato zikSaka hoya ke khare bapore milamAMthI moTaramAM pAcho pharato milamAlika hoya. kastUrabhAImAM ahIM varNavelI A mahAna nagarInI zrI, saMskRti, prakRti ane paraMparAnuM sAcuM pratinidhitva jovA maLe che. A uparAMta temanA kuLanI paNa eka ujajavaLa paraMparA che. kaTokaTInI veLAe prajAnI paDakhe UbhA rahIne madada karavI, jarUra paDye sattAdhArIo samakSa prajAno avAja asarakAraka rIte pahoMcADavo, dhana kamAvuM paNa teno samAjahitArthe satkAryamAM upayoga paNa karavo ane koIthI dabAyA vagara kunehapUrvaka muzkelImAMthI rasto kADhavo e te paraMparAnAM mukhya biMduo che. zeTha zAMtidAsathI kastUrabhAI sudhI lagabhaga cAra saikA sudhI A paraMparA vistarelI che. kastUrabhAInA jIvanakAryanI sAthe tenuM svAbhAvika rIte ja pUrvasaMdhAna thaI jAya che. eTale te kuLaparaMparAnI jhalaka laIne ja AgaLa vadhavuM ucita gaNAze. TIpa 1. Ahm, p. 5. 2. Ahm, p. 5. 3. gRpAe, pR. 548. 4. gRpAe, pR. 549. 5. gRpAe, pR. 553. 6. gUpA, 5. 14. 7. gRpAe, pR. 24. 8. gUpAa,. 33. 9. gRpAe, pR. 42. 10. AR, p. 3. 11. AR, p. 7. 12. AR, p. 9. 13. gRpAe, pR. 63. 14. AR, p. 9. 15. AR, p. 12. 16. zahenazAha jahAMgIre iMglaMDanA rAjA jemsa pahelAne uddezIne je karArapatra lakhI ApelA temAMnA ekamAM lakhelA nIcenA zabdo dhyAnapAtra che: "Upon which assurance of Your Royal Love, I have given my general command to all the kingdoms and Scanned by CamScanner

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12 paraMparA ane pragati ports of my dominions to receive all merchants of the British nation as subjects of my friend... I have commanded all my Governors and Captains to give them freedom answerable to their own desires to sell, buy and transport into their countries at their pleasure." vaLI, bIjA eka karArakhatamAM jahAMgIra kahe che: "Whatever goods come from your kingdom hither unto me of any kind or shall go to you from my kingdom shall receive no hindrance nor impediment but shall pass with honour and friendship." (History of Ahmedabad, J. C. Cama, AR, p. 12) 17. juo jemsa DaglAsanA nIcenA zabdo: "It is not for nothing that thou (Shah Jehan) art in Ahmedabad. Is it too much to suppose that it was here that the Master Builder drunk in the elements of his taste which was to display such gorgeous results elsewhere? The bud was here, the blossom and fruit to be in Agra. Everything has a beginning, Greece before Rome, Damascus before Cairo, Agra follows Ahmedabad." (History of Ahmedabad, J. C. Cama, AR, pp. 12-13) 18. AR, p. 17; gUpAe, pR. 165. 19. gRpAe, pR. 169. 20. AcArya kRpAlAnInA gUjarAta vidyApIThamAMthI vidAyaprasaMge, tA. 7-2-1928nA roja aMbAlAla sArAbhAInA pramukhapade amadAvAdanA zaherIo ane vidyArthIonI eka sabhA maLI hatI. temAM AcArye karelA vyAkhyAnamAM gujarAtanA guNadoSanuM sacoTa vizleSaNa jovA maLe che, je vizeSatA amadAvAdane lAgu paDe. temanA vaktavyanA keTalAka aMza A rahyA : "gujarAtamAM ghaNA guNo che-tIvra sAmAnya buddhi, dhaMdhAdArI AvaData, Scanned by CamScanner

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aditIya amadAvAda 13 Ama ane karakarAra. tamArA cArizamAM rahelAM nizcayabaLa ane 6nA mArI taja bahAra rahI zakyAM nahi, mane zaMkA nathI ke gujarAtamAM, jo peTe cAlavAno prakama pharamAvavAmAM Avyo hota to, dUbaLA-pAtaLA ane kucha dekhAtA vANiyA pANI lAka to evA nIkaLata ke je, saMgInanI aNI emanI sAme dharavAmAM AvI hota to paNa e hukamano anAdara karata. svabhAvamAM rahelI A kitAe mane Akarmo ane tamArI mahAna ahiMsAe paNa. pazu, paMkhI ane mAchalAM, A che tenA karatAM vadhu chUTathI ane ochA DarathI pharI zake evuM duniyAmAM bIje koI sthaLa nathI. uparauparathI jonArane tame TADhA ane lAgaNIvihIna jaNAo. AnuM kAraNa e che ke tamArAmAM, kAMI kahI nAkhavAnI Adata nathI ane lAgaNIveDA nathI . huM jANato hato ke dekhItI rIte kaThora ane anAkarSaka evA bahAranA dekhAvanI bhItaramAM satata vahetA prema nI mIThAza hatI . mane lAge che ke, hiMdustAnanA bIjA keTalAka lokomAM dRSTinI je vizALatA che te ApaNA gujarAtIomAM nathI. ahIM badhu parimita pramANamAM che. ApaNI poLo sAMkaDI che, ApaNAM ghara nAnAM che, bAmbAM ane bArIo nAnAM che, ApaNAM chAparAM nIcAM che tema ja ApaNI nadIo vaheLA che, ane ApaNA parvatI Tekaro che. puruSo ane strIonAM zarIra paNa nAnAM che. ApaNI bIjI UNapa e che ke ApaNe TADhA chIe. bIjAo sAthe bhaLatA nathI ane bolavAmAM budA chIe. pariNAme, loko agara emanAM jUtho abhedya dIvAlovALA vADAomAM rahI ekabIjAthI alaga paDI jAya che. ApaNA svabhAvamAMnuM bIjuM eka dUSaNa e che ke ApaNe hiMsaka nathI, chatAM ApaNAmAM eka prakAranI sUma nirdayatA rahelI che. . A badhI UNapo ApaNA vadhArepaDatA navA jamAnAnA vepArIpaNAnI vadhupaDatI pedAza to nahi hoya? ane e ja ApaNane bIjA prAMtothI alaga nahi pAnuM hoya miDa, 12, 5. para-pa3) Scanned by CamScanner

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kuLapApA kastUrabhAIne vArasAmAM maLelA saMskAronI paraMparA temanA dasamI paTI thayelA pUrvaja zeTha zAMtidAsathI zarU thAya che. zAMtidAsanA sAtamI peDhInA pUrvaja pasiha kSatriya jAgIradAra hatA. temaNe jaina dharmanI dIkSA lIdhI. muslima AkramaNathI trAsIne zAMtidAsanA pitA sahastrakiraNa rAjasthAnamAMnI jAgIra choDIne amadAvAda AvIne vaselA. tyAM eka jhaverIne tyAM nokarI karatAM karatAM ApabaLe jhaverI banyA hatA. zAMtidAsane pitAno vyavasAya vArasAmAM maLela. temanI ratnaparakhathI khuza thaIne bAdazAha akabare zAMtidasane prathama kSAnA amIranI padavI ApI hatI, ane temane amadAvAdanA nagarazeThanuM pada ApavA mATe sUbA ajImakhAnane pharamAna karyuM hatuM. nagarazeTha zAMtidAse abarathI risAIne Avela begama bAda amadAvAdamAM potAne ghera utAro ApIne bahena tarIke apanAvI hatI. jadaMgIra temane "jhaverI mAmA kaheto. paMdara hajAra mANasonA saMgha sAthe zatruMjayanI yAtrA nIkaLyA te vakhate temaNe saMghanA rakSaNa mATe baMdobasta karavA jahAMgIra pAse sUbedAra para pharamAna kaDhAvyuM hatuM. amadAvAdamAM bIbIpurA (atyAranA sarasapura) khAte jainamaMdira bAMdhavA mATe jahAMgIre zeTha zAMtidAsane rukko Apyo hato. nava lAkha rUpiyA kharcIne zAMtidAse tyAM zrI citAmaNi pArzvanAthanuM bhavya maMdira bAMdhyuM hatuM ane be lAkha Scanned by CamScanner

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baIpaNa 1 pi baLIne tenI pratiSThA karI hatI, Agajaba 11bI bA bama bhAge, tema te madira noDAvIne tenI majida banAvI tenA virodhamAM amadAvAda, zaheramAM nANA divasanI haDatALa paDI hatI. A vAtanI cha ghAMtidAya nathI jANa thatAM zAhajahAMe tA. 071648nA roja Araba banI dakSiNamAM badalI karI ane majida khAlI karAvIne zeka ghAMtidAsane pAchI zapavA tathA nukasAna bharapAI karavA navA sUbedArane pharamAna kI bu. janasamAjanI eka custatAne kAraNe apavitra manAyela te sthaLe pachI maMdira thaI zakyuM nahi tenuM du:kha che zAMtidAsane chevaTa lagI rahyuM hatuM. 165damAM zAhajahAMe nagarazeTha zAMtidAsane pAlitANA inAmarUpe ApavAnuM pharamAna kareluM, jemAM rUpiyA be lAkhamAM zakya pagAruM kAma ApavAnuM darzAvyuM hatuM. teNe mayUrAsana banAvavA mATe cha karoDa rUpiyA kharcalA, temAMnI moTI rakama tene zeTha zAMtidAse dharI hatI. | murAda gujarAtano sUbo hato te vakhate zAMtidAsanA putra lakSmIcaMde tene sADApAMca lAkha rUpiyA dhIryA hatA, paNa gAdI meLavavAnI laDAImAM murAda hAryo ne auraMgajebe pitAnI gAdI pacAvI pADI. A saMjogomAM lakSmIcaMde murAdane ApelI rakama pAchI maLavAnI AzA na hatI. te vakhate vRddha zAMtidAse dilhI sudhI jAte jaIne auraMgajeba pAsethI kunehapUrvaka e rakama pAchI meLavI. eTaluM ja nahIM, e asahiSaNane dhamadha bAdazAha pAsethI jaina tIrtha ane tenI saMpattinA rakSaNa mATe paNa pharamAna meLavyuM hatuM.' nagarazeTha lamIcaMdane paNa pitAnA jevuM ja mAna mogala darabAramAM maLyuM hatuM. temane tyAM rAjAzAhI vaibhava hato. temanI havelImAM pAMcaso Araba cokI karatA. bahAdurazAha upara tema ja pachInA vakhatamAM saiyada bhAIo ane temanI madadathI gAdIe AvanAra harUkhazAyara para paNa temano sAro prabhAva hato. temanA putra khuzAlacaMdamAM to vANiyAnI buddhinI sAthe kSatriyanuM teja pragaTa kare tevI hiMmata ane dRDhatA hatI, tenA be prasaMgo itihAsamAM noMdhAyelA che. eka vAra mahAvIra svAmInA janma mahotsava prasaMge nIkaLanAra varaghoDA mATe paravAnagI levAnuM nagarazeTha khuzAlacaMdane te vakhatanA sUbA akhatyArakhAMe kahevarAvyuM. khuzAlacaMde 'paravAno levAnI jarUra nathI' kahIne nA pADI. sUbAe Scanned by CamScanner

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16 paraMparA ane pragati temane bolAvyA topaNa pote gayA nahIM. AthI khijAIne sUbAe temano dasa hajAra rUpiyA daMDa karyo ane daMDa vasUla karavA mATe pacAsa sainiko sAthe koTavAla dilAvarakhAnane mokalyo. mAmalo mamate caDyo. koTavAla pacAsa ghoDesavAro sAthe jhaverIvADa pahoMcyo. paNa nagarazeThanI rajA vinA praveza nahIM maLe, ema Araba rakSakoe kahyuM. pAMcaso Arabo pacAsa sainiko sAme baMdUka dharIne UbhA rahyA. dilAvarakhAne vadhu sainikonI sahAya mAgI. e vakhate amadAvAda zaheramAM kula pAMcasothI vadhu sainiko na hatA. sUbo Avyo. baMne bAju laDAInI taiyArIo thaI gaI. sUbAnI cAra topanI sAme nagarazeThanI be aMgrejI topo maMDAI. lokomAM gabharATa phelAyo. zaheranI vacce yuddha thAya to AsapAsanAM bajAra, ghara, havelIo, maMdira, masjida -badhAne nukasAna thAya tema hatuM. ' AthI mahAjane sUbA pAse jaIne araja karI: hajUra, zaheranI vacce goLA chUTaze to vastI ane bALabaccAM marAze." "huM zuM karuM? zAhI pharamAna na mAnanArane zikSA thavI ja joIe." sUbAe kahyuM. "Apane nagarazeTha sAthe jhaghaDo che, temAM zaheranI nirdoSa prajAne zA mATe sahana karavuM paDe? prajA to vAMkamAM nathI." mahAjane dalIla karI. sUbo ekano be na thayo tyAre mahAjane zahera khAlI karavA traNa divasanI mahetala mAgI. pachI mahAjana nagarazeTha pAse gayuM. nagarazeThe temane mAnapUrvaka besADIne kahyuM: "huM jANuM chuM sUbo gusse che. paNa eka vAra jhUkIzuM to e savAra thaI jaze. e nAdAna javAna che. tene phAve tema julama karavA nahIM dauM." "paNa zAhI phojanI sAme laDavuM guno nahIM gaNAya?" mArA hAtha lAMbA che. huM phoDI laIza." "paNa Apa nagarazeTha cho. ApanI pahelI pharaja zaherane bacAvavAnI che. ene mATe koI rasto kADho." "zo rasto?" mahAjane temane zaheranI bahAra jaIne laDavAnI salAha ApI. zeThe potAnI Scanned by CamScanner

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kuLaparaMparA 17 velIne sUbo koI nukasAna na kare evI bAMhedharI mahAjana dvArA sUbA pAsethI lIdhI. sUbAe kahyuM: "tenA para mAro kabajo raheze, paNa toDaphoDa nahIM karuM." mahAjane te mATe be mahinAnI mahetala lIdhI te daramyAna zeThe havelI khAlI karIne Araba senAnI sAthe seMkaDo gADIomAM sAmAna bharIne amadAvAdanI bahAra pethApura najIka paDAva nAkhyo. bIjI bAju AkhI paristhiti samajAvatI arajI sAthe khuzAlacaMde kAsadane dilhI mokalyo. pharUkhazAyara to nAmano bAdazAha hato. saiyada bhAIo ja kartAhartA hatA. temaNe sUbA akhatyArakhAMne dilhI pAcho bolAvI lIdho. ane nagarazeTha khuzAlacaMdanI savArI vAjategAjate amadAvAdamAM pAchI AvI. mughala saltanatanA asta samaye saiyada bhAIoe lazkarI sahAyanA badalAmAM marAThAone gujarAtanI cotha ugharAvavAno haka Apyo hato. eka tarapha marAThAonI raMjADa hatI ane bIjI tarapha sattA TakAvI rAkhavA mughala saradAro amadAvAda para humalo karatA hatA. paNa daravAjo baMdha karavAthI bahArano humalo khALI zakAto. sUbA nijAmulamuzkano kAko hamIdakhAna marAThAone amadAvAda lUMTavA laI Avyo hato. nagarazeTha khuzAlacaMdane khabara maLyA ke marAThAo amadAvAda lUMTavA cAhe che. potAnI pAse senA ane zastra hovA chatAM khuzAlacaMda zeThe rAjanItithI kAma levAnuM vadhu hitakara gayuM. marAThA phoja amadAvAdane ghero ghAlIne paDI hatI. sAhasa karIne te marAThAnI chAvaNImAM peThA. hamIdakhAnane maLyA. tenA upara emanA ghaNA upakAra hatA. tene samajAvyo ke, "lUMTathI prajA herAna thaze, tenA karatAM joIe teTaluM dhana laIne tame jAo." chevaTe nagarazeThe marAThAone eka lAkha rUpiyA ApyA, eTale teo ghero uThAvIne cAlyA gayA. nagarazeThanA A hiMmatabharyA puruSArthanI amadAvAdanI hiMdu-musalamAna prajA para UMDI asara thaI. badhAM mahAjanoe ekatra thaIne TharAva karyo ke nagarazeThanA zahera paranA A mahAna upakAranA badalAmAM zaheranA vepAra para ane utpanna thatI vastunI kiMmata para 5 TakAno kara temane vaMzaparaMparA Apavo. zeThanA kuTuMbane te kara aMgrejonA amala daramyAna paNa maLato hato. privI kAunsilanA tA. 31-5-1861nA TharAva anusAra dara varSe temanA vaMzajone rUpiyA 2133 maLatA ' - Scanned by CamScanner

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18 paraMparA ane pragati hatA. te pachI paNa cheka 1977 sudhI A lAgo temane maLyA karyo hato. khuzAlacaMdanI mAphaka temanA putra vakhatazAhe paNa mughala ane marAThA sattAo sAthe sAro saMbaMdha rAkhyo hato. gAyakavADa ane saurASTranA rAjAone te nANAM dhIratA. gAyakavADanI senA jaina tIrthanA saMghane rakSaNa ApatI. gAyakavADa ane pezvA taraphathI temane pAlakhI ane chatrInA adhikAra uparAMta varSAsana maLeluM. 1780mAM marAThAonA AMtarakalahano lAbha laIne aMgrejoe amadAvAdamAM pagapesAro karyo. te vakhate pezvAo sAthe saMgharSa thAya temAM kaMpanI sarakAranuM lazkara zaheranI prajAne kanaDe nahIM, evuM vacana vakhatacaMda, temanA moTAbhAI zeTha nathuzAha ane zaheranA mahAjane temanI pAsethI lIdhuM hatuM. vakhatacaMdanA pAMcamA putra hemAbhAI nagarazeTha thayA tyAre amadAvAdamAM aMgrejI amala sthApita thaI cUkyo hato. te phArasI bhASAnA jANakAra hatA. bhAratabharamAM temanI zarAphI peDhInI zAkhAo hatI. gujarAtamAM temanI hUMDInI zAkha calaNI noTanA jevI hatI. paraMparA anusAra rAjAo ane jAgIradArone teo nANAM dhIratA. temaNe Araba senA kamI karI nAkhelI, paNa rAjAzAhI vaibhava to hato ja. temano parivAra vizALa hato. temane tyAM ekasAthe doDhaso mANasonI paMgata jamavA besatI. temaNe zatruMjaya ane giranAranI yAtrAno saMgha kADhelo. jUnAgaDha ane pAlitANAmAM dharmazALA baMdhAvI hatI. siddhAcaLa para 'himAvatI' TUMka ane temanAM bahenanI Ujama phoInI TUMka Aje paNa che. jaina samAja para temano prabhAva ghaNo hato. aneka dhArmika ane sAmAjika kAryomAM temaNe dAna ApyAM hatAM.10 hemAbhAInI havelI mahela jeTalI vizALa hatI. kahe che ke eka tarapha mANekyothI nAgorIvADa sudhI, ane bIjI tarapha ratanapoLathI pIramazAnA rojA sudhI teno vistAra hato. hemAbhAInI pachI temanA putra premAbhAI nagarazeTha banelA. temaNe amadAvAdamAM davAkhAnAM, zALAo, koleja, pustakAlaya, dharmazALA vagere aneka sArvajanika kAryomAM udAra sakhAvato karI hatI. sarakAre emane 'rAvabahAdura'no khitAba Apelo. zeTha ANaMdajI kalyANajInI peDhInI sthApanA temanI rAhabarI nIce 1880mAM thayelI. tenuM baMdhAraNa ghaDavAmAM paNa temano mukhya Scanned by CamScanner

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kuLa paraMparA 19 phALo hato. hemAbhAInA moTAbhAI motIcaMdanA pautra bhagubhAI ane bhagubhAInA patra lAlabhAI te zeThazrI kastUrabhAInA pitA thAya. zeTha zAMtidAsa ane temanA parivAranI zarApha, jhaverI ane nagarazeTha tarIke pratiSThA gujarAtamAM ja nahi, paNa upara joyuM tema cheka dilahI sudhI pahoMcI hatI. e paraMparAnAM dharmaprema, tIrthasevA, samAjakalyANa, rAjakartA sAtheno saMbaMdha, vepArI kuneha, sAhasa ane dRDhatA vagere lakSaNo lAlabhAI zeThamAM paNa UtarelAM hatAM. paraMparAne jaDa rIte anusaravAne badale samaya pArakhIne paraMparAno tyAga karavAnI sUjha ane hiMmata paNa temanAmAM hatI. kuTuMbamAM Aja sudhI jhaverI ane zarAphIno vyavasAya cAlyo Avyo hato. bhaviSyamAM A dhaMdhAmAM barakata nahIM rahe, evuM temane dIrghadRSTie vicAratAM lAgyuM eTale temaNe mila-udyogamAM jhaMpalAvyuM. ahIMthI e paraMparAmAM navo vaLAMka Ave che. TIpa * 1. tA , . . 2. tIjorA, . , . 3. tIjAM, pR. 22, 20. 4. tAzA, 6. 23. 5. tAlu, pU. rara. 6. tArA", pR. 26, 27. . 7. tIjorI, . 36, 48. 8. tIlezA, pR. 46. 9. tIjorA, pR. 10, gUpAe, g. 248. 10. tIjorA, . 15. 11. tIjorA, 5. pa. Scanned by CamScanner

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vastra-udyogano vAraso lAlabhAI zeThe 1896mAM kApaDanI sarasapura mila zarU karI, te pahelAM cAreka dAyakAthI amadAvAdamAM mila-udyoga zarU thaI cUkyo hato. sUtara, rezama ane nikhAbanA vaNATano vyavasAya amadAvAdanA lohImAM hato ja. teno paraMparAprApta kasaba yaMtrayugamAM kAme lagADavA mATe sAhasika udyogavIroe jUnA kArIgarone navA udyoga bhaNI AkarSyA. amadAvAdanI AbohavA sUkI che. muMbaImAM che tevI tyAM pANInI sagavaDa nathI. tenI jamIna khArApATavALI che. ziyALo ne unALo sakhata hoya che. A badhuM moTA udyoganA vikAsane mATe avarodharUpa gaNAya. chatAM amadAvAdamAM kApaDaudyoga ATalo vikasyo tenuM kAraNa zuM? kastUrabhAIe enuM nidAna kADhatAM kahyuM che ke amadAvAdanA lokono svabhAva kApaDa-udyogane mATe mAphaka Ave evo che. temane jIvanasaMgharSano satata sAmano karavo paDato hovA chatAM jIvana pratye kaTutA nathI hotI. jIvananA praznonI dRDha pakaDa, dUra dUranA bhAvimAM rahela lAbhano tAga kADhavAnI sUjha ane taraMgathI nahIM doravAI javAnI vAstavapremI prakRti kApaDa jevA jUnA udyogane mATe anukULa gaNAya. A udyogamAM tAtA ke kaoNrDanA jevA vizALa dRSTiklakanI jarUra nathI ema kastUrabhAInuM kahevuM che. nAnA pAyA para nizcita napho A vyavasAyamAMthI maLyA karaze tenI khAtarI temAM jhaMpalAvanArane hoya che. eTale te khaMta ane cIvaTathI mahenata karIne kramaza: AgaLa vadhavAnI gaNatarI Scanned by CamScanner

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vastra-udyogano vAraso 21 kare che. milanA kArIgaronI mAphaka A saMcAlako paNa eka eka DagaluM bharatA bharatA AgaLa vadhe che.? A vepArI vargane yaMtravijJAnanI jANakArI na hatI. briTiza enjiniyaro ane vIvIMga mAstaronI madadathI milo cAlatI thayelI. konTekaTaro makAna bAMdhI ApatA. amadAvAdamAM mila zarU karanArane mUDIrokANanI paNa khAsa muzkelI paDe tema nahotI. zarAphIno vyavasAya dhamadhokAra cAlato eTale mUDIrokANa mATe jarUrI nANAM maLI rahetAM. ogaNIsamI sadImAM sUtara, rU ane aphINanA vepAramAMthI sArI kamANI thayelI. pachInA vakhatamAM aphINano vepAra baMdha thayelo. rAjA-mahArAjAone dhIravAnuM paNa maMda paDI gayuM hatuM ane videzI baeNnkonuM kAmakAja zarU thayuM hatuM. moTI rakamanuM rokANa thaI zake tevo AyAta-nikAsano dhaMdho vikasAvI zake tevuM baMdara amadAvAda ke tenI najIkanuM koI sthaLa banyuM nahotuM.baMgALamAM jamInadArInuM mahattva hovAthI tyAMnA lokonuM valaNa jamInamAM nANAM rokavA tarapha vizeSa hatuM tevuM gujarAtamAM te vakhate nahotuM. A paristhitimAM mUDIdAra zarApho navA udyogapatione joIe teTalI rakama dhIrI zake tema hatA. mila UbhI karanArA ghaNuMkharuM potAnAM sagAMsaMbaMdhIo pAsethI rakama laIne temane vyAja uparAMta kamizanamAM bhAga ApatA. A navA udyogamAM nANAM dhIranArane menejiMga ejansImAM bhAgIdAra banavAno lAbha paNa maLato. nANAM lenAra pArTInI sadhdharatA pramANe kamizanano dara nakkI thato. Ama, amadAvAdanI prajAnI viziSTa prakRti, vepArI paraMparA ane Arthika paristhitie mila-udyoganI sthApanAmAM anukULa bhAga bhajavyo ema kahI zakAya. vicitra vastu e banI ke amadAvAdamAM pahelI mila zarU karanAra koI vepArI ke zarApha vaNika nahoto. sAThodarA nAgara jJAtinA eka sarakArI amaladAre amadAvAdamAM sUtaranI mila nAkhavAno sauprathama manasUbo karelo. temanuM nAma raNachoDalAla choTAlAla. te paMcamahAlamAM briTiza poliTikala ejanTanA madadanIza hatA. 1854mAM temanA para lAMca levAno Aropa mukAyelo, paNa puravAra thayelo nahIM. chatAM poliTikala ejanTa mejara vAlesanI khaphA marajIne kAraNe temane Scanned by CamScanner

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22 paraMparA ane pragati sarakArI nokarI choDavI paDelI, cheka 1847thI kApaDanI mila kADhavAnI temane hoMza hatI, eTale mejara phalajemsa jevA briTiza adhikArIo dvArA te aMgenI yaMtrasAmagrI vagerenI mAhitI temaNe ekatra karI rAkhI hatI. jemsa laeNnDane bharUcamAM dha broca koTana milsa' sthApI (1855) ane muMbaImAM kAvasajI nAnAbhAI dAva pahelI mila-dhI bombe spInIMga enDa vIvIMga milsa-zarU karI (1856) tenI pahelAM cha-sAta varSe (1849) raNachoDalAle amadAvAda samAcAramAM kApaDamilanI yojanA jAhera karIne zeThiyAone temAM mUDIrokANa karavA-zera kharIdavA vinaMtI karI hatI.' tela joIe, telanI dhAra joIe--nI nItivALA amadAvAdanA zeThiyAo AvA vaNakheDAyelA sAhasa mATe zarUAtamAM nANAM rokavA taiyAra thAya tema nahotA. muMbaInI dAvara milanI saphaLatA joyA pachI ja temaNe raNachoDalAlane madada karI; tene pariNAme cheka 1857mAM eka lAkha rUpiyAnA zerabhaMDoLavALI amadAvAda spInIMga enDa vIvIMga mila raNachoDalAla sthApI zakyA. tenI yaMtrasAmagrI pahelI vAra paradezathI AvatAM dariyAmAM DUbI gayelI eTale pharIthI maMgAvavI paDelI. relave te vakhate nahoMtI eTale khaMbhAta baMdarethI yaMtrasAmagrI baLadagADImAM lAvavI paDelI. teno pahelo aMgreja enjiniyara kaoNlerAthI maraNa pAmelo. A badhI muzkelIo hovA chatAM raNachoDalAle khaMtapUrvaka maMDyA rahIne mila zarU karI. 1861thI mile utpAdana zarU karyuM hatuM. milanA zeraholDaromAM nagarazeTha premAbhAI hemAbhAI, haThIsiMga kesarIsiMga ane rA.ba. maganabhAI karamacaMda jevA jaina agraNIo hatA. 1864mAM gujarAtanuM vadhArAnuM lazkara sarakAre vikheryuM tyAre temAMthI chUTA thayelA ane pAchaLathI 'lazkarI' tarIke jANItA thayelA rA.ba. becaradAsa aMbAIdAse mila kADhavAno vicAra karyo, tene pariNAme 1867mAM amadAvAdamAM bIjI mila sthapAI, te paNa binavaNika sarakArI adhikArIne hAthe. 1878mAM manasukhabhAI bhagubhAIe "dhI gujarAta spInIMga eNnDa vIvIMga mila" sthApI te vakhate jaina kome yaMtromAMthI kAcuM rU pasAra thatAM jaMtuonI hiMsA thAya che evo dhArmika vAMdho Ubho karelo. paNa tenI darakAra karyA vinA manasukhabhAI ane temanA parivAre bIjI traNa milo kADhI. 1880mAM keliko mila sthapAyelI. te tUTatAM rA.ba. Scanned by CamScanner

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vasa-udhogano vAraso 23 maganabhAI karamAM kharIdIne tene spInIMga enDa vIvIMga mila tarIke vikasAvI. 1895mAM kastUrabhAI maNibhAIe haThIsiMga mila sthApI. saradAra lAlabhAI dalapatabhAIe sarasapura milanI sthApanA karI tyAM sudhImAM maMgaLadAsa giradharadAsa ane bAlAbhAI dAmodaradAsanI Aryodaya, motIlAla harilAlanI teliyA mila, trikamalAla jamanAdAsanI mANekacoka mila, motIlAla ghelAbhAInI gujarAta kaoNTana, lallubhAI rAyacaMdanI amadAvAda nyU spInIMga enDa vIvIMga mila vagere maLIne vIseka milo sthapAI cUkI hatI, ane temAM soLa hajAra jeTalA kArIgaro kAma karatA hatA. raNachoDalAlanI amadAvAda spInIMga enDa vIvIMga mile pahelAM sAta varSa sarerAza sAta TakA DiviDanDa vaheMcyuM hatuM. "raNachoDalAla reMTiyA'nA hulAmaNA nAmathI oLakhAtA A udyoganA pitA, prajA ane rAjya banne taraphathI uttama mAna pAmyA hatA. navI mila nAkhanArane temanI hUMpha ane preraNA avazya maLatAM. temanI pachI manasukhabhAI bhagubhAI, maMgaLadAsa giradharadAsa ane kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI A udyoganA agraNI hitarakSaka banyA hatA. amadAvAdanA mila-udyoganI UDIne AMkhe vaLage tevI viziSTatA e che ke ATalI moTI saMkhyAmAM milo hovA chatAM temanI vacce spardhA ke huMsAtuMsInuM tattva nathI. badhA saMcAlako paraspara sahakArathI kAma kare che. Ane lIdhe bahAranI harIphAInI sAme teo TakI zakyA che. vaLI hAthavaNATa ane sUtaranI bajAra maLI hatI, te temane bahAranAM tattvonI sAme saMyuktapaNe TakI rahevA mATe pUratI hatI. A kApaDa-milono vahIvaTa ghaNe aMze jUnI zarAphI ane vepArI peDhInI Dhabe cAle che. saMcAlako milane ghaNuM kharuM parivAranA TrasTa tarIke gaNe che. korporeTa menejamenTanA karatAM A prakAranA vahIvaTanI vizeSatA e che ke vahIvaTadAro udyoganA hitane potAnuM hita samajIne tenI sAthe ekAtmatA sAdhe che. vahIvaTanI A prathA amadAvAdanA mila-udyogane anokhI bhAta Ape che. menejiMga ejanTa milanA bhAgIdAra ane ze-holDara uparAMta tenA sevaka tarIke paNa pharaja bajAvatA. ejanTa pote paNa milanA vahIvaTa para sIdhI dekharekha rAkhatA. jUnI paraMparAnA ejanTa karakasarathI rahetA. divasanA paMdara kalAka kAma karavuM paDe to kare. moTA pagAradAra menejara nImavA posAya nahIM eTale ekAda-be sagAne hisAba-kitAba Scanned by CamScanner

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24 paraMparA ane pragati mATe rAkhe ane pote milanI Arthika paristhitinI jhINAmAM jhINI vIgatathI vAkepha rahe. ejanTane sAmAnya rIte Tekanikala bAbatonI jANakArI na hoya. chatAM raNachoDalAla ane kastUrabhAI jevA ejanTo enjiniyara sAthe carcA karI zakAya teTalI enI jANakArI paNa prayatnathI meLavI letA. raNachoDalAla divasamAM be vAra milamAM jatA, teno dareka vibhAga jotA ane kArIgaro sAthe vAtacIta karatA. A prathA Aja sudhI amadAvAdanA ghaNAkharA milamAlikoe jALavI rAkhI che. aMgata saMbaMdha, gharobo, rakharakhApata ane paraspara meLa rAkhavAnuM valaNa A mila-saMcAlakomAM che tevuM muMbaI, lakattA ke anya zaheromAM jovA maLaze nahIM. amadAvAdanI milonuM moTA bhAganuM kApaDa sthAnika vepArIonA maskatI mahAjanane vecavAmAM Ave che. cheka 188thI sUtarano amuka jaththo cIna ane jApAnanAM bajAromAM jato. paraMtu moTI gharAkI sthAnika vaparAzanI ja hatI. jADuM ane blIca thayA vinAnuM ochA kAunTanuM sastuM kApaDa nIkaLatuM tenI uttara bhAratamAM moTI mAMga rahetI. AthI teM kezAyaranI harIphAIne kAraNe ke cIna-jApAnanI mAMga pAchaLathI baMdha thaI tethI ke paradezanAM bajAronI vadhaghaTane pariNAme amadAvAdanI milone sahana karavuM paDayuM nathI. amadAvAda ane tenI AsapAsanAM gAmomAM vaNakara tathA muslima koma jADuM kapaDuM ane pANakoruM vaNavAno dhaMdho karatI. milo zarU thatAM temano A dhaMdho paDI bhAMgyo ane A garIba komanA loko milomAM kAma karavA sAru gAmaDAM choDIne amadAvAda AvIne vasyA. A rIte sthAyI vasavATa karIne rahenAra milamajUrono samudAya bIjAM zaherone mukAbale amadAvAdamAM ghaNo moTo hato. Aje milomAM kAmadAronI je sthiti che tenI tulanAe ogaNIsamI sadInA aMtabhAgamAM ghaNI kharAba hatI-joke iMglaMDamAM e vakhate hatI teTalI kharAba na gaNAya. kArakhAnAmAM ujAsa hato, paNa bheja utpanna karavA jatAM puSkaLa gaMdakI thatI. sane 1881 ane 1891nA phekaTarI eNkaTa pramANe strIo ane bALakonA kAmanA kalAka ochA hatA, paNa teno amala sakhtAIthI thato nahIM. majUrone garamImAM tera kalAka ne vIsa miniTa kAma karavuM paDatuM. vacce ardhA kalAkanI risesa maLe, ane mahine cAra ravivAranI rajAo-joke rajAne divase mazInarI Scanned by CamScanner

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vasa-udhogano vAraso 25 sApha karavA mATe traNa-cAra kalAka AvavuM paDatuM. Ama chatAM leMkezAyaranA majUronA jeTalI kAmanI jhaDapa A majUromAM jovA maLatI nahi. vilAyatano eka majUra ahIMnA traNathI cAra majUra jeTaluM kAma Ape. amadAvAdanI eka spInIMga milanI mulAkAte Avelo eka aMgreja, majUronI saMkhyA joIne habakI gayelo: "ATalI spIMDalo mATe ATalA badhA mANaso!" tenAthI sahaja udgAra nIkaLI gayelo." Aje have keTalIka pragatizIla milomAM majUrone tAlIma ApavAnI prathA dAkhala thaI che eTale majUronI sarerAza AvaData vadhI che. muMbaI jevA aneka vyavasAyonI taka dharAvatA zaherane mukAbale amadAvAdanA majUrone ochuM vetana maLe te dekhItuM che. paNa kheta-majUronA karatAM milamajUrone vadhu maLatuM. 1888mAM amadAvAdanA milamajUrane mahine sAtathI dasa rUpiyA maLatA. te vakhate majUrIno sAmAnya dara rojanA traNathI sADA traNa AnA hato. kAma karatAM thayelI IjAnuM vaLatara nahIM jevuM maLatuM. dAktarI tapAsa ane sAravAranI sagavaDa nAmanI ja hatI.11 jaoNbaro dvArA majUronI bharatI thatI ane jobarono majUro para puSkaLa dAba raheto. majUronAM bALakone suvADavAnI ke bhaNataranI sagavaDa tyAre nahotI. majUro jhUMpaDapaTTImAM ke cAlomAM rahetA. Aje A sagavaDomAM sudhAro thayo che, chatAM haju ghaNuM karavAnuM bAkI che ema temanA nivAso jotAM lAge che. vIsamI sadInA AraMbhathI amadAvAda kApaDa udyoganA mathaka tarIke vadhu ne vadhu mahattva pAmatuM rahyuM che. 1901mAM 29 milo hatI ane temAM 17,000 jeTalA kAmadAro kAma karatA. 1901thI 1904 sudhImAM amadAvAdanI miloe bhAratamAM yaMtrathI utpanna thatA sUtaranA kula utpAdananA 19 TakA utpanna karela. muMbaInA A gALAnA AMkaDA anukrame 57 TakA ane 24 TakA che. 1937-38mAM A AMkaDA amadAvAda mATe anukrame 16 TakA ane 27 TakA che, ane muMbaI mATe 28 TakA ane 34 TakA che. bIjA vizvayuddha pachI amadAvAdanI sthiti vizepa saMgIna banI ane samagra dezanA vastra-udyoganuM te zreSTha kendra banyuM. Aje amadAvAdanI vastI pacIsa lAkha mANasonI che ane teno vistAra Azare so corasa kilomITarano che. chellAM so varSamAM amadAvAde Arthika vikAsa sAdhyo che, temAM tenA mila-udyogano phALo nAnosUno nathI. e ughoge Scanned by CamScanner

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26 paraMparA ane pragati amadAvAdane bhAratanA mAncesTara'nuM biruda kamAvI ApyuM che. kastUrabhAIe A saMdarbhamAM mAncesTaranA cembara opha komarsanA sekreTarInA nIcenA zabdo TAMkyA che: "If this is the Manchester of India, then all Manchester (the original) can do is to offer admiring and congratulatory salutations."'? 3 - kastUrabhAI laMDana jatA tyAre tyAMnI eravejha menzana haoNTelamAM UtaratA. 'Giant Wizard of India's Manchester-Middal! Hlazz2d1 mAnyAtA amAre tyAM Utare che-ema jAherAta karIne e hoTelano menejara gaurava leto.14 TIpa 9. History of Textile Industry in Ahmedabad, Kasturbhai Lalbhai, AR, Pp. 32-33. 2. Ahm. p. 80. 3. HICTI, p. 8. 4. Ahm. p. 84. 5. Ahm. p. 83; gUpAe pR.492. 6. Ahm. p. 85. 9. Ahm. p. 86. C. Ahm. p. 87-88 Footnote*. 9. Ahm. p. 102. 10. gRpAe, pR. 557-558. 11. Ahm. p. 103. 12. Ahm. p. 96. 13. AR, p. 37. 14. eNkalA, pR. 48. * 1891thI 1920 sudhI amadAvAdamAM milo ane kArIgaronI saMkhyA kenethe varSavAra nIce mujaba ApelI che: varSa milonI saMkhyA kArIgaronI saMkhyA 1891 7,451 7,829 8,147 9448 11,084 12,037 $ $ $ $ $ $ a a ra ra ra | ja 16,134 Scanned by CamScanner

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vastra-udyogano vAraso 27 varSa milonI saMkhyA 1900 kArIgaronI saMkhyA 16,964 15,943 16,887 18,831 19,132 na ja che ? A che 5 zuM 21,585 22,737 24473 29996 31,487 30,013 31,319 31,760 32,789 35,415 ra ? 41,102 39,291 39,440 43,515 Scanned by CamScanner

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ghaDatara kastUrabhAInA udyoga-saMkule Aje dezabharamAM je spRhaNIya sthAna prApta karyuM che teno jaza, eka rIte joIe to, temanA pitA lAlabhAIne phALe jAya che. kema ke kastUrabhAIe vividha rIte vistArIne saMgIna sthitimAM mUkela e udyogano pAyo lAlabhAI zeTha nAkhyo hato. A saMkulanAM tamAma audyogika ekamo Aje 'lAlabhAI gRpa'nAM aMgarUpe oLakhAya che, temAM ghaNuM aucitya raheluM che. pUrA pAMca dAyakAnuM (1863-1912) paNa AyuSa nahIM bhogavI zakela lAlabhAIne zrImaMtAIne vaLagatA vilAsavaibhava bhAgye ja sparzI zakyA hatA. temanA pitA dalapatabhAI rUnA dhaMdhAmAM sAruM kamAyelA; tema chatAM kuTuMbanI sthiti pitAnA vakhatamAM pahelAMnA jeTalI sadhdhara rahI nahotI tethI tene sudhAravA mATe teo dinarAta maMDyA rahetA. temaNe kaoNlejanuM zikSaNa lIdhuM hatuM-joke pitAnI mAMdagIne kAraNe bI.e.no abhyAsa pUro karI zakelA nahIM. paNa tene pratApe vyApaka dRSTie vicAra karIne avanavI yojanAo ghaDI kADhavAnI buddhizakti temanAmAM khIlI hatI. dhanopArjananI sAthe sAthe samAja pratyenI javAbadArI adA karavAnI sabhAnatA temanAmAM AvI hatI ane mAtAnI dharmaparAyaNatAnA UMDA saMskAra paNa paDelA hatA. eTale jaina samAjanAM ane vyApaka lokahitanAM - sArvajanika kAmomAM temano agragaNya hiraso raheto. Scanned by CamScanner

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zeTha lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI (juo pR. 29) Scanned by CamScanner

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ghaDatara 29 vizALa saMyukta kuTuMba para lAlabhAI vaDalAnI mAphaka chavAI gayelA hatA. badhA ja sabhyo para temano prabhAva raheto. gharamAM lAlabhAIno paDyo bola jhilAto. temanI icchAviruddha pAMdaDuM paNa hAlI zake nahIM! badhAM temanuM mAna sAcave. bALako ke moTerAMmAMthI koI temanI sAme zuM ke cAM karI zake nahIM. baMne bhAIo, maNibhAI ane jagAbhAI, moTAbhAInI adaba jALavIne, temaNe dorI ApelI kAryarekhA anusAra milono vahIvaTa karatA. kuTuMbanA mobhA pramANe lojamaryAdAnuM pAlana thatuM. "pitAjI beThA hoya te oraDAmAMthI mArAM kAkIne pasAra thavuM hoya to dIvAlane ghasAIne saMkoDAIne jAya"--ema pitAnA ruAbanI vAta karatAM kastUrabhAI | lAlabhAI zeThano dekhAva jAjaramAna hato. zarIrano bAMdho madhyama, UMcAI 5-4", je e jamAnAmAM sAmAnya gaNAtI. goLa mukhAkRti, pANIdAra AMkho ane gujarAtI pAghaDI. e divasomAM briTiza adhikArIo sAthe maitrIsaMbaMdha bAMdhavo te zrImaMta kuTuMbono sAmAnya zirasto hato. lAlabhAIne ghaNA gorA adhikArIo sAthe gharobo hato. divALInA tahevAromAM evA trIsa-cALIsa snehIone tyAM mIThAInA thALa lAlabhAI zeThane tyAMthI jatA. te mitronA saMsargathI aMgrejImAM chaTAdAra vAtacIta karavAnI kuzaLatA temaNe keLavI hatI. paisAnI bAbatamAM temanAmAM ghaNI cokasAI hatI. saMtAnone nizALamAM nAstA mATe be paisAthI vadhu rakama maLatI nahIM. gharamAM tema ja bahAranA vyavahAramAM vinaya, viveka, vyavasthA ane zistapAlanano teo khAsa Agraha rAkhatA; bIjA pAse paNa enI apekSA rAkhatA. mAtA pratye apAra bhakti. pote kAmamAM game teTalA gaLAbUDa hoya, paNa mAtAnI AjJAnuM cIvaTapUrvaka pAlana kare. rAtre mAtAne vaMdana karIne temanA paga dALyA vagara kadI sUvA jatA nahIM. bALakone dharma, nIti ane sadAcAranA pATha pote pratyakSa AcaraNa dvArA zIkhavatA. dalapatabhAI zeThe bAMdhela pAnakora nAkAnA vaMDInA makAnamAM lAlabhAI rahetA. makAna bhavya havelI jevuM hatuM. temAM bahoLA kuTuMbano samAveza thato eTaluM ja nahIM, nokara-cAkara, rasoiyA vagereno rasAlo paNa emAM ja raheto. enA vizALa bhojanakhaMDamAM cALIsa mANaso eka paMgate jamavA besatA. e jamAnAmAM be ghoDAnI bagI zrImaMtAInuM pratIka gaNAtI. lAlabhAInAM bALako temAM besIne Scanned by CamScanner

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30 paraMparA ane pragati nizALe jatAM. mahilAo devadarzana ke kharIdI mATe jatI ane puruSavarga oNdi jato. gharamAM ramatAM ke tophAna karatAM bALakone mATe A gADInA Agamanano avAja ghaNI vAra bhayasUcaka sAyarananI garaja sArato. - lAlabhAI zeThanI eka-be khAsiyato noMdhavA jevI che. sAmayiko vAMcavAno temane khAsa zokha. paNa samayane abhAve ghaNAM sAmayiko vAMcI zakatA nahIM keTalAkanAM to oNpara paNa kholelAM na hoya. teo badhAM mAsiko ke vartamAnapatrone eka rUmamAM sAcavI rAkhatA. temanA avasAna samaye, eka oraDo Akho temaNe saMgharelAM sAmayikothI bharAI gayo hato. svaccha vastro paheravAno temane khAsa zokha hato. sArI sArI vAnagIo khAvAno zokha paNa kharo, paNa jamavAmAM evI utAvaLa kare ke jamatAM jamatAM temanA ekAda vastra para ekada DAgha paDyA vinA bhAgye ja raheto. temane sAta saMtAno hatAM. traNa putro ane cAra putrIo. kastUrabhAInI pahelAM be baheno, DAhIbahena ane mANekabahena, ane eka bhAI, cImanabhAI, janmelAM. temanI pachI janmelAM te narottamabhAI, kAntAbahena ane lIlAvatIbahena. kastUrabhAIno janma amadAvAdamAM vi. saM. 1951nA mAgazara vadi 7 ne budhavAra, tA. 19-12-1894nA roja thayo hato. ghaTAdAra vRkSanI chAyA nIce vAvelo choDa jema pUro pAMgarI zakato nathI tema pratApI pitAnA ruAba nIce UcharatAM saMtAno ghaNI vAra pUra vyaktitva khIlavI zakatAM nathI. lAlabhAInAM saMtAnonI bAbatamAM Ama banata; paraMtu sadbhAgye mAtAnI hUMphane kAraNe teo A paristhitimAMthI bacI zakyAM hatAM. pitAnI dhAka bALako para rahetI. paNa pitA ghaNuMkharuM bahAra rahetA eTale vatsala mAtAnI zILI chAyAmAM badhAM bhAMDanuM bALapaNa samovaDiyAM sAthe AnaMda ane muktatAthI ramatAM jamatAM vItyuM hatuM ema kahI zakAya. nAnA bhAI narottama ane kastUrabhAI vacce mAtra doDha varSano ja taphAvata hovAthI ramatagamata vageremAM baMne vacce sAro meLa raheto. moTA bhAI cImanalAla sAthe eTalI chUTa teo laI zakela nahIM. baMne bhAIone pataMga ane krikeTano ghaNo zokha hato. pataMga cagAvatAM dorIne ghasArAthI AMgaLAM para kApA paDI jatA. mAtA premathI pATApiMDI karatAM, pitAnI gADIno khaDakhaDATa saMbhaLAya ke Scanned by CamScanner

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kuTuMbanI eka khUba prAcIna chabI, jemAM DAhIbA tathA mANekabA athe kasturabhAI tathA narottamabhAI nAnI uMmaranAM bALako tarIke juo pR. 30 Scanned by CamScanner

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Scanned by CamScanner zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI temanAM pUjya mAtuzrI mohinAbA sAthe juo pR. 36

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ghaDatara 31 sau DAhyADamarAM thaI jAya. koI vAra nATaka jovAnuM mana thAya. tene mATe pitAnI rajA maLavI muzkela. paNa mohinAbA bALakone chAnAmAnAM javA de ane pathArImAM ozIkAM goThavIne bALako sUtAM che tevuM dekhADe! sadbhAgye A yukti eka vAra pakaDAyelI nahIM. eka vAra kastUrabhAIe navA joDA kharIdyA. gharamAM AvIne temaNe joDA batAvyA ke tarata narubhAIe rovAnuM zarU karyuM. kastUrabhAIe nAnA bhAIne samajAvavA mAMDyuM ke te joDI potAnA mApanI che, narubhAInA mApanI nathI. paraMtu narubhAI mAne nahIM. temanI khAsiyata evI ke eka vAra rovAnuM zarU kare pachI klAko sudhI baMdha rahe nahIM. joDAno kajiyo karyo tenuM sAMja sudhI rudana cAleluM. nAnapaNamAM kastUrabhAIne damano vyAdhi hato. bAra varSanI umara thaI tyAM sudhI tenI takalIpha rahelI. koI koI vAra AkhI rAta udharasa khAtAM jAgatA rahevuM paDatuM. paNa bAra varSa pachI roga ApameLe adRzya thaI gayo. te pachI kadI koI moTo vyAdhi temane naDyo nathI. traNa daravAjA pAsenI myunisipala zALA naM. 8mAM temaNe prAthamika zikSaNa lIdhuM hatuM. pAMcamA dhoraNa sudhI tyAM rahyA te daramyAna cunIbhAI nAmanA zikSaka ghera bhaNAvavA AvatA. tophAnI ziSya eka vAra gurunI pAghaDI bArInI bahAra pheMkI dIdhelI! temanI zikSaNa paddhatinAM kastUrabhAI Aje paNa vakhANa kare che.' mAtApitAnI dekharekha ane zikSakanI kALajIne lIdhe pahelAM pAMca dhoraNamAM te mahenata karIne pahelo bIjo naMbara rAkhatA. paNa khADiyAnI miDala skUlamAM gayA pachI ramatamAM jIva raheto eTale naMbara Utarato gayo. pachI to ramavAno evo casako lAgelo ke sAMje vALa mATe nokara bolAvavA Ave to tene nA kahe. eTaluM ja nahIM, kAMkarA uDADIne pAcho bhagADI mUke. Ara. sI. hAIskUlamAM gayA pachI temane abhyAsanI zithilatA sAlI. pitA Takora kare te pahelAM pote potAnI jAtane cetavI dIdhI. meTrikayulezana parIkSA mATenI taiyArI, be zikSakonA mArgadarzana nIce, puSkaLa mahenata laIne karI. tene lIdhe pahelA ja prayatne te parIkSAmAM bIjA vargamAM UMce naMbare pAsa thayA (1911).6 Ara. sI. hAIskUlamAM bhaNatA te vakhate konTekTara karIne heDamAstara Scanned by CamScanner

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harapALa * kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI parivAranuM vaMzavRkSa kumAra" mAsikanA saujanyathI]. vachAza zeSakaraNa zAMtidAsa lakSmIcaMda khuzAlacaMda jhAbhAI tavamalazA (cAka mAtImAMI apabhAI pAnAbhAI vakhataMza () rAmAbhAI saramaNa - mahA (cAka ) manasukhabhAI snehabhAI choTAbhAI bAlAbhAI mehakabhAI bhUrAbhAI nagInadAsa premAbhAI nemacaMdabhAI gokuLabhAI bhagubhAI caMdaramala vADIlAla maganabhAI mAyAbhAI lAlabhAI maNibhAI Scanned by CamScanner dalapatabhAI camanabhAI vimaLabhAI sArAbhAI kisturabhAI umAbhAI lAlabhAI= maNibhAI= mAhinAbahena ' muktAbahena jagAbhAI= subhadrAbahena

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lAlabhAI= mahinAbahena maNibhAI= muktAbahena jagAbhAI= subhadrAbahena cInubhAI= suzIbahenaH a bAlAlabhAI= pramilAbahena pratApasiMha sarojabahena mahelAlabhAI snAbahena= zazikAnta nANAvaTI lIlAvatIbahena DAhIbahena mANekabahena camanabhAI puruSottamabhAI caMdulAla jhaverI zAradAbahena haThIsiMga kasturabhAI zAradAbahena narottamabhAI= sulocanAbahena kAntAbahena= jagAbhAI nANAvaTI siddhArthabhAI- zreNikabhAI= nalinIbahena nautamabhAI nayanAbahena= | nItinabhAI vimaLAbahena pannAbahena | surendrabhAI zeTha 5tnAbahena kanakabhAI zeTha | nayanabhAI ' nalinIkAnta= sunIla svAti tarala saMjaya kalpanAM araviMda- niraMjana pramilAbahena bhAI bhAI haMsAbahena vijayasiMhabhAI cInubhAI= maneramAbahena azokabhAI= pratimAbahena= ajayabhAI= savitAbahena prabhAbahena suhada sArAbhAI zobhanAbahena jitendrabhAI parIkha anAbahena narottamabhAI (hIrAbhAI)= snAbahena ramezabhAI= manoramAbahena bipinabhAI riTTAbahena Scanned by CamScanner nottamabhAI haThIsiMga= suttamabhAI sulocanAbahena zrImatIbahena= guNottamabhAI= sarvottamabhAIka sarejinIbahena soyendranAtha TAgora kRSNAbahena gulAbahena

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32 paraMparA ane pragati hatA ane sAkSara zrI kezava harSada dhruva saMskRta tathA aMgrejI zIkhavatA. temanI vidrattA ane zikSaNa paddhatino vidyArthIo para prabhAva paDato. dhruvasAheba vAtacItamAM sAkSarI bhASA vApare tenI ramUja paNa keTalAka TIkhaLI chokarA, jamatI vakhate, "mahArAja, upara uSNa roTalI Apajo"--ema kahIne karatA. aMgrejI cothA (hAlanA AThamA) dhoraNamAM hatA tyAre baMgabhaMganI caLavaLa ane svadezI hilacAla zarU thayelI. te vakhate sva. balubhAI ThAkora ane sva. jIvaNalAla dIvAna Ara. sI. hAIskUlamAM zikSaka hatA. baMnee svadezI AMdolanamAM bhAga levA mATe sarakArI hAIskUlamAMthI rAjInAmuM ApyuM hatuM. pachI (1908) baMnee sAthe maLIne rASTrIya raMgavALI proprAyaTarI hAIskUla sthApelI. svadezI hilacAlanI asarathI e vakhate rAjakIya jAgRtinuM havAmAna baMdhAtuM jatuM hatuM. teno prabhAva bIjA vidyArthIonI mAphaka kizora vayanA kastUrabhAI para paNa paDyA vinA rahyo nahIM. A arasAmAM temanA aMtaramAM rASTrapremanAM bIja vavAyAM ema kahI zakAya. kuTuMbamAM dharmanA saMskAra parApUrvathI UtarelA eTale tenAM vidhividhAna ane vrataniyamanuM anusaraNa cAlatuM. mohinAnA bALakone temanI rucizakti mujaba devadarzana ane pUjana-kIrtana ItyAdimAM joDatAM. eka vAra AkhuM kuTuMba dAdImA gaMgAbAnI sAthe yAtrAe nIkaLeluM. te vakhate kastUrabhAI dasa varSanA hatA. cALIseka mANasono kAphalo hato. relavenA trIjA vargamAM musApharI karavAnI hatI. kyAreka baLadagADAmAM paNa javAnuM thatuM. eve vakhate kastUrabhAI dhULathI bacavA mATe potAnuM gADuM sauthI AgaLa rAkhavA baLadane doDAvatA. dharmazALAmAM paDAva naMkhAto. ekAda-be oraDAmAM badhAMno samAveza thato. rAjasthAnamAM eka sthaLe to dharmazALAnI osarImAM ThaMDI rokavA paDadA bAMdhIne sUvuM paDeluM ane vADAmAM tApaNuM karIne baLada bAMdhelA. te vakhate eka citto temanA pALelA kUtarAne uThAvI gayelo.yAtrA nimitte Ama RNa raheNInI tAlIma paNa bALakone maLatI hatI. Abu, pAlitANA ane sametazikhara jeTale dUra sudhI tIrthayAtrAne nimitte kastUrabhAI kuTuMbanI sAthe pharelA. paraMtu mojane khAtara muMbaI javAnuM sattara varSanI uMmara thaI tyAM sudhI banyuM nahotuM. 1911mAM paMcama jyorjanA rAjyAbhiSeka Scanned by CamScanner

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ghaDatara 33 nimitte muMbaImAM bAdazAhI samAraMbha yojAyelo te jovA mATe AkhuM kuTuMba muMbaI gayuM hatuM. te prasaMge ja kastUrabhAIe pahelavaheluM muMbaI joyeluM. vaibhava hovA chatAM vivekapUrvaka dhana kharcavAnI Teva A zrImaMta kuTuMbe paraMparAthI keLavelI hatI. - kasturabhAI maiTrika pAsa thayA tyAre temanA pitAnI kArakirdIno madhyAhana tapato hato. sarasapura mila sthApI te pahelAM temaNe dhIradhAra ane rUno vepAra karelo; sarasapura mila sthapAyA pachI tenA vahIvaTa ane utkarSa pAchaLa temaNe badhI zaktio kendrita karI hatI. pachI nava varSe (1905) temaNe sUtaranI rAyapura menyuphekyariMga kaM. UbhI karI hatI. te vakhate athAka parizrama karIne temaNe baMne milone ThIka ThIka napho ApatI karI hatI. temane A udyogamAM maLelI saphaLatAne pariNAme rAyapura milanA zera aDhIso rUpiyA prImiyamathI vecAtA hatA. nagarazeTha mayAbhAInA svargavAsa pachI zeTha ANaMdajI kalyANajInI peDhInuM pramukhapada lAlabhAI zeThane soMpAyuM hatuM. A javAbadArI temaNe uttama rIte bajAvI hatI. peDhIno hisAba vyavasthita svarUpamAM jainasamAja samakSa mUkavAno temaNe Agraha rAkhelo. vaLI giranAra ane rANakapura tIrthano vahIvaTa temanA kAryakALa daramyAna ja peDhIne hastaka Avyo hato. laoNrDa rksane mAunTa AbunI mulAkAta lIdhI te vakhate delavADAnAM jaina maMdironAM klApUrNa zilpa sthApatyathI prabhAvita thaIne te maMdiro sarakArI purAtattva khAtAne surakSA mATe soMpavAno temaNe prastAva mUkelo. teno lAlabhAI zeThe virodha karelo ane peDhI hastaka tenI surakSA supere cAle che tenI khAtarI karAvavA ATha-dasa varSa sudhI maMdiromAM kArIgarone kAma karatA batAvyA hatA!10 1908mAM sametazikhara parvata para khAnagI baMgalAo bAMdhavAnI maMjUrI sarakAra taraphathI ApavAnI jAherAta thatAM peDhInA pramukha tarIke temaNe tenI sAme virodha noMdhAvIne, jaina samAjanA agraNIonI sAthe sarakAra samakSa rajUAta karIne te maMjUrI pAchI kheMcAvI hatI. A vakhate tyAM paga khasI javAthI paDI jatAM temanA hAthanuM hADakuM tUTI gayeluM. tene lIdhe temane kalakattA khAte bAbu mAdhavalAla duggaDane tyAM rahIne traNa mAsa sudhI sAravAra levI paDI hatI.12 sane 1903thI 1908 sudhI temaNe jaina zvetAMbara konpharansanA mahAmaMtrI tarIke sevAo ApI hatI. pUrI niSThAthI hRdaya reDIne kAma karavAnI Adata; Scanned by CamScanner

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34 paraMparA ane pragati eTale jayAre bIjAM kAmonI javAbadArI vadhI tyAre mAtra zobhAnuM pada dhAraNa karavAnuM ucita nathI ema mAnIne temaNe kenpharansanA A hoddA parathI rAjInAmuM ApI dIdhuM hatuM. dharmakAryo ane tIrthasevAnAM kAmamAM hato teTalo ja lokahitanAM kAmomAM temane sakriya rasa hato. teo gujarAta kolejanA TrasTI hatA. zALAo, pustakAlayo ane sAmAjika saMsthAonA hitecchu dAnavIra tarIke temanI suvAsa gujarAtabharamAM phelAI hatI. temaNe pitAnA smaraNamAM ratanapoLamAM dharmazALA baMdhAvI hatI ane mAtAnI smRtimAM jhaverIvADamAM kanyAzALA sthApI hatI. temanI sevAonI kadararUpe sarakAre temane saradArano khitAba enAyata karyo hato. 1911mAM bhAIonA Agrahane kAraNe pitAnI milakatanuM vibhAjana karavAno prasaMga Ubho thayo. temAM bhAIzaMkara nAnAbhAI solisiTara madhyasthI hatA. sarasapura mila bhAIone maLI ne rAyapura mila lAlabhAIne bhAge AvI. gharanI bAbatamAM nArAjI rahI gaI. A ghaTanAe temanA dila para UMDI coTa lagADI. paraMtu vaja hRdaya karIne vedanAne aMdara bhArI rAkhI. A arasAmAM ja mAMdI putrI kAntAbahenane laIne temanAM patnI mohinAbahena Dumasa havAphera mATe . gayAM hatAM. daramyAnamAM tA. 5 jUna, 1912nA roja ekAeka hRdaya baMdha paDavAthI lAlabhAI zeTha avasAna pAmyA. Agale divase to temaNe eka gArDana pArTImAM hAjarI ApI hatI.' gherA zokamAM DUbelAM mohinAbAne mAthe sAta saMtAnonI saMbhALa rAkhavA uparAMta patie UbhI karelI milakatanA vahIvaTa para dekharekha rAkhavAnI kaparI pharaja AvI paDI. te temaNe ghaNI kuneha ane kuzaLatAthI bajAvI. teo dharmapremI hatAM teTalAM ja zANAM, Tharela ane vyavahAradakSa sannArI hatAM. gharano vahIvaTa suMdara rIte calAvavA uparAMta patinA mRtyu bAda vIsa varSa sudhI gharakharcano pAIe pAIno hisAba jAte noMdhI rAkhelo, je Aje paNa sacavAyelo che. patie pADelI praNAlikAne vaphAdAra rahIne gharano mobho ane kuTuMbanI pratiSThA jALavI rAkhavAnI kALajI temaNe chevaTa lagI rAkhI hatI. kastUrabhAI ane temanAM bhAIbahenone mohinAbAe pitAnI khoTa sAlavA na dIdhI. pitAnA avasAna samaye kastUrabhAI maeNTrika pAsa karIne tAjA ja gujarAta Scanned by CamScanner

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ghaDatara 35 kaoNlejamAM dAkhala thayA hatA. juvAnIne uMbare UbhelA putrane pitAnI jhaLahaLatI sara kArakirdI pratye ahobhAva hato. pitA ja putrano Adarza banI gayA hatA. pitAnuM jAjaramAna vyaktitva putranI najara AgaLathI jANe khasanuM ja nahotuM. temaNe sicelA saMskAro dIpAvI zakAze? temaNe karelo jIvanamUlyono bodha pacAvI zakaze? temaNe sthApelAM kAryazaktinAM dhoraNo jALavI zakAze? pitAnA jeTalI siddhinI kakSAe pahoMcI zakAze kharuM? - AvA AvA prazno gaMbhIra prakRtinA kolejiyana putrane pitAnI vidAya pachI mUMjhavI rahyA hatA. TIpa 1. ekalA, pR. 6. 2. kamu. 3. evo eka maitrIsaMbaMdha temane tAlukadArI seTalamenTa oNphisara mi. Tappara sAthe hato. lAlabhAInI vikToriyA gADImAM te dararoja sAMje pharavA jatA. bhAIo sAthe majhiyAro vaheMcyo tyAre lAlabhAInA bhAgamAM pAnakora nAkA najIkano golavarDa baMgalo Avelo. pAnakora nAkAno vaMDo ane A baMgalAnI vacce muslima vakaphanI mAlikInI jagA hatI. vakaphane mAthe devuM thaI gayeluM eTale lAlabhAInA avasAna pachI kastUrabhAI ane temanA bhAIo mi. Tapparane maLyA ne vakaphanI jagA temane vecI devA vinaMtI karI. Tappara mAnaze ke nahIM tenI temane khAtarI nahotI. eTale pahelAM moTAM bahenane rajUAta karavA mokalelAM. e jamAnAmAM A adhikArIo vizALa sattA bhogavatA. temaNe AnAkAnI vagara vakaphanI cAra hajAra corasavAra jagA nava rUpiyAnA bhAve lAlabhAI zeThanA putrone vecI dIdhI. kastUrabhAIe temane cAMdIno TI-seTa bheTa mokalyo. paNa Tappare te lIdho nahIM.lAlabhAI sAthenI mitratAne nAte pote A kAma karyuM hatuM ema kaheluM. KD II, p. 8. 4. eNkalA, pR. 8. 5. kamu. 6. ekalA, pR. 9. 7. kamu. 8. KD II, p. 1 (5-10-1964). 9. tolerA, pR. 6. 10. tIlerA, . 63. 11. tArA, . 60-62. 12. tIjorA, 5. 6. 13. tIlerA . 62. Scanned by CamScanner

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zAntAnukUla pavano kasturabhAI gujarAta kolejamAM dAkhala thayA te vakhate robarTasana prinsipAla hatA ane AnaMdazaMkara dhruva, ema. esa. komIsariyaTa, sAMkaLacaMda zAha ane vIramitra diveTiyA jevA khyAtanAma prophesaro hatA. traNaso jeTalA vidyArthIo kolejamAM bhaNatA, temAM bhAgye ja dasa TakA jeTalI kanyAo haze. te divasomAM hAla je Arsa bilDiMga che temAM AkhI koleja besatI. sattara-aDhAra varSano juvAna kolejamAM paga mAMDe tyAre keTakeTalAM raMgIna svapnAM sevato Ave che.kastUrabhAIeevAM svapnAM na sevyAM hoya ema mAnavAne kAraNa nathI. kolejanAM cAra varSa jJAna ane gammatamAM AnaMdathI gALavAnuM gulAbI svapna temaNe sevyuM hatuM. paraMtu pitAnA mRtyue temanuM te svapna roLI nAkhyuM. majhiyAruM vaheMcAtAM kuTuMbane bhAge AvelI rAyapura milano kArabhAra lAlabhAI jatAM koIke upADI levAnI jarUriyAta UbhI thaI hatI. moTAbhAI cImanalAla pitAnI hayAtI daramyAna ja temAM joDAI gayA hatA. paraMtu teo eklA eTalo bahoLo vahIvaTa saMbhALI zake tema nahotuM. temanI paDakhe gharanuM koI mANasa UbhuM rahe to ja milanuM kAma vyavasthita cAlI zake. mohinAbAnI dRSTi kastUrabhAI para paDI. mAtAne temanI zakti upara vizvAsa hato. temaNe putrane pAse bolAvIne bhAre heye kahyuM: Scanned by CamScanner

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zAntAnukULa pavano 37 1 "bhAI, abhyAsa choDIne milanA kAmamAM joDAI jA" haja mAMDa cha mahinA kolejamAM kADhayA hatAM eTalAmAM te choDavAnI vAta AvI te kastUrabhAIne gamyuM nahIM. manamAM gaDamathala cAlI. bhaNavAnI ura icchA hatI. bIjI tarapha lAgatuM hatuM ke mArA TMIK vijApAtIlonI AjJAnuM ullaMghana zI rIte thAya? chevaTe mAtAnI icchAno vijaya no 1 dalIla karyA vagara tatkALa koleja choDI dIdhI ane 1912nA ogasTamAM milanA vahIvaTamAM joDAI gayA. moTAM bahena DAhIbahene joyuM ke majabUrIthI dhaMdhAmAM joDAvAnuM AvyuM eTale starabhAIne koleja choDavI paDI che. temaNe bhAIne zikhAmaNa ApI: bhaNatara adhUruM rahyuM to bhale, paNa bhAI, aMgrejI zIkhavAnuM rAkhaje, dhaMdhAmAM kAma lAgaze." ' bhAIe bahenanI sonerI zikhAmaNa mAthe caDAvI. dhaMdhAmAM gaLAbUDa DUbelA hovA chatAM, ghera zikSaka rAkhIne, mahenata karIne, aMgrejIno abhyAsa pAko karI lIdho. Ane lIdhe AgaLa jatAM dezamAM tema ja paradezamAM vividha vyavasAyanA mANaso sAthe sIdhI vAtacIta karavAmAM temane saheja paNa muklI paDI nahIM. - thoDe naphe jhAjho vepAra kheDavAno e jamAno hato. amadAvAdamAM ghaNAMkharAM kArakhAnAM pAMca lAkha rUpiyAnI mUDIthI UbhAM thayelAM. pachI lAMbA gALAnAM rokANo tema ja cAlu kharca mATe mUDI joIe te thApaNo dvArA ke baeNnkonI najIvI madadathI UbhI thaI zakatI. - kastUrabhAIe rAyapura milamAM javAnuM zarU karyuM te vakhate cAre bAjumaMdInuM vAtAvaraNa hatuM. mila mAtra sUtara utpanna karatI. 1912mAM teno ekaMdara napho rU. 55,000 hato. temAMthI ghasArA khara jatAM mUDInA rokANanA pramANamAM khoTa javA jevI sthiti hatI. milanI A dazA joIne navA AvelA kastUrabhAIne lAgyuM ke pitAjI traNa lAkha rUpiyAnA zera mUkI gayA che, tene badale eTalI rokaDa rakama mUkI gayA hota to tenA vyAjamAMthI sukhe rahI zakAta. paraMtu A to kSaNika AvegamAM Avelo vicAra hato. sAhasika udyogavIrane mATe to A paristhiti paDakArarUpa gaNAya. e paDakArane jhIlavAnI kastUrabhAImAM zakti hatI, paraMtu tenI pratIti temane e vakhate thayelI nahIM. ka Scanned by CamScanner

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38 paraMparA ane pragati pitAnA avasAna pachI kAkA rAyapura milanA vahIvaTa para dekharekha rAkhavA AvatA. temaNe kasturabhAIne TAImakIparanuM kAma soMpeluM. thoDo vakhata e kAma ryA pachI temane eno kaMTALo Avyo. mAtAne tenI phariyAda paNa karI. buddhi kasavAnI nA Ave tevA yAMtrika kAmamAM temanA jevA zaktizALI juvAnane zI rIte rasa paDe? pachI sTorsanuM kAma soMpAyuM. sTorsanI kharIdImAM cIvaTa ane dIrdhadRSTithI vicAra karavAnuM valaNa AraMbhathI ja temanAmAM hatuM. prathama vizvayuddha phATI nIkaLyuM te arasAmAM temaNe milanI amuka yaMtrasAmagrI (Healds and Recds) bhaviSyamAM kadAca maLavI muzkela banaze evI gaNatarIthI moTA jaththAmAM kharIdI. je eka-be mahinA cAle teTalI levAtI te temaNe dasa-bAra mahinA cAle teTalI kharIdI. joke temanA A pagalAthI kazuM nukasAna thayuM nahotuM tema chatAM vyavasAyamAM navA nizALiyA kastUrabhAIne temanI A pragabhUtA badala kAkAono Thapako khAvo paDyo hato.' kApaDanI guNavattAno AdhAra kAcA mAlanI jAta para raheto. eTale milamAM kharIda thatA rUnI jAta barAbara tapAsIne levAmAM na Ave to nukasAna jAya. rUnA vepArI je namUno batAve te mujabano mAla Avyo che ke nahIM tenI parakha milamAM AvatI gAMsaDIo parathI thatI. kastUrabhAIne mAthe rUnI parakhanI javAbadArI AvI. sAmAnya rIte parakhanuM kAma milamAM ja thatuM, paNa temaNe rUnI jAtane barAbara joI-tapAsIne oLakhavA mATe gAmegAma pharavAnuM rAkhyuM. gujarAtanA judA judA jillAonAM gAmaDAMmAM jaIne te rUnI parakha karavA lAgyA. AthI ghaNAne Azcarya thatuM. zeThiyAnA chokarA Ama gAmaDAMmAM phare ane rUnI jAta tapAsI sodA kare e vastu rUnA vepArIo mATe navI hatI tema milamAliko mATe paNa navI hatI. juvAna kastUrabhAIne gAmaDAMmAM pharavAnI nAnama nahotI. sthaLa para ja rUnI jAta tapAsavAno kama rAkhyo tethI te parakhanI kuzaLatA jotajotAmAM evI siddha thaI zakI ke Aje gujarAtamAM balake bhAratamAM e bAbatamAM temanI barobarI kare tevuM bhAgye ja koI maLaze. judA judA jillAonA pAka vacceno taphAvata e namUno jotAM ja kahI A anubhave temane kApaDa-udyoganI jANakArI mULamAMthI karAvI. be ja varSamAM pote svataMtra rIte milano vahIvaTa saMbhALI zakaze evI AtmazraddhA Scanned by CamScanner

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zAntAnukUla pavano 38 nI bIjA zeThiyAonI mAphaka kahevAtA niSNAtonI madada upara AdhAra AkhavAne badale temaNe vahIvaTanI nAnImoTI bAbato jAte samajIne zIkhavAno * rAkhyo. game tevI aTapaTI vastune jhaDapathI grahaNa karIne naphAnukasAnano sAba vAstavika dhoraNe kADhIne tatkALa nirNaya levAnuM valaNa rAkhyuM. AthI moTI yojanAone samajI-tapAsI vyavahAru dRSTie kiMmata kADhatAM temane vAra lAgatI nahIM. lAlabhAI zeThe rAyapura milamAM zALakhAtuM nAkhavAnuM nakkI kareluM. kastUrabhAIe kAma karavAnuM zarU karyuM tyAre zALakhAtAnuM makAna baMdhAtuM hatuM. vikhyAta dAnavIra zeTha haThIsiMga kesarIsiMganA patra puruSottama haThIsiMga kastUrabhAInA moTA banevI thAya. milanA vahIvaTamAM temanuM mArgadarzana maLatuM. temanI sUcanAthI eka ghaNA ja kAbela vIvIMga mAstarane zALakhAtAnI javAbadArI soMpavAmAM AvI. prathama tabakke 336 zALa nAkhavAmAM AvI hatI. kasturabhAIe milamAMthI UMcI guNavattAvALuM kApaDa utpanna karavAnI dhAraNA rAkhelI te mujaba pahelA ja varSathI UMcI jAtanA kApaDanuM utpAdana thayuM. barAbara A ja arasAmAM (1914nA aMtabhAgamAM) prathama vizvayuddha kATI nIkaLyuM. tene lIdhe paradezathI AyAta thatA kApaDano moTo jaththo laDAI mATe ja vaparAI javA lAgyo. laDAI pahelAM leMkezAyarathI bhAratamAM traNaso karoDa vAra kApaDa AyAta thatuM te ghaTIne laDAInAM varSomAM ekso trIsa karoDa vAra thaI gayuM. eTale svAbhAvika rIte ja bhAratamAM milanA kApaDanI mAMga vadhI. jeTaluM kApaDa utpanna thatuM te tamAma khapI javA lAgyuM. milamAlikone kApaDanA moMmAgyA dAma maLyA. khoTa karatI mila jotajotAmAM sAro evo napho karatI thaI. prathama prayatne maLelI A prakAranI saphaLatAe kastUrabhAIne dhaMdhA para vizeSa pakaDa jamAvavA protsAhita karyA. A vakhatathI ja temaNe dIrdhadRSTi rAkhIne keTalAka nItiviSayaka siddhAMto apanAvyA hatA: (1) mAlanI guNavattA game te bhoge TakAvI rAkhavI. (2) TUMkI dRSTie thato tatkALa lAbha jovo nahIM, paNa lAMbA gALAnA lAbhano vicAra karIne Ayojana karavuM. (3) rUke tenA jevA kAcA mAlanI halakI jAta vAparavI nahIM. Scanned by CamScanner

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40 paraMparA ane pragati (4) je te vibhAganuM saMcAlana niSNAtane soMpavuM. tene potAnI buddhizaktino muktatAthI viniyoga karavAnI chUTa ApavI. - rAyapura milamAM ekadhArI UMcI guNavattAvALuM kApaDanuM utpAdana thavA lAgyuM tethI tenI nAmanA dezabharamAM thaI. ekavAra amuka jAtanuM kApaDa vakhaNAyA pachI tenI guNavattA satata jaLavAI rahetI nathI. UMcI jAtanA tANAnI sAthe halako vANo vAparavAnuM valaNa keTalIka milomAM jovA maLe che. 1913thI 1938 sudhInAM pacIsa varSa daramyAna rAyapura mile eka ja jAtano tANo ane vANo kAMtavA ane vaNavAno niyama rAkhyo hato. tene lIdhe tenuM kApaDa eTaluM badhuM vakhaNAyuM ne vecAyuM ke dezamAM sauthI vadhu napho karanAra milomAM tenI gaNanA thaI. "AthI huM ema mAnato thayo ke koI paNa udyogapatie utpAdananI kakSA upara khUba ja bhAra mUkavo joIe"--ema kastUrabhAIe potAnA anubhavo varNavatAM kaheluM che. anubhava vadhato gayo tema milano vahIvaTa svaccha ane karakasarabharyo banato gayo. prAmANikatAne pAyAmAM rAkhIne Arthika vyavahAra ane naphAnI gaNatarI karavAnI nIti temaNe apanAvI. zeraholDaronA hitanuM pUrepUruM jatana thAya enI takedArI temaNe pahelethI ja rAkhavA mAMDI. zeraholDaronI mUDInuM TrasTanI mAphaka jatana karIne temAMthI vadhumAM vadhu napho utpanna karIne teno lAbha temane karI Apavo e potAnA hitanI vAta che ema milamAlika tarIke temaNe pahelethI vicAryuM hatuM. temanI A udAra ane vyavahAru nItinA phaLarUpe rAyapura milanA eka hajAra rUpiyAnA zeranA badalAmAM Aja sudhImAM eka lAkha rUpiyA karatAM paNa vadhu vaLatara zeraholDarone maLI zakyuM che. temaNe joyuM ke A vyavasAyamAM bIjA nikaTanA sAthIdAro te vepArIo che, jemanI mAraphate milamAM utpanna thayelo mAla vecAya che; A vepArIo be paisA kamAze ane saMtuSTa thaze to tethI milane phAyado thaze.mAtra mAga ane puravaThAnI sthaLa gaNatarIthI cAlavAne badale temAM temaNe mAnavIya starano manovaijJAnika abhigama apanAvyo. tene pariNAme amadAvAdamAM tema ja anyatra temanA ejanTa tarIke kAma karatA vepArIonI cAhanA teo kamAI zakyA che. 1916-17nA gALAmAM potAnI milano mAla vecavA mATe temaNe bahAra Scanned by CamScanner

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Scanned by CamScanner 1949mAM zrI cinubhAI cImanabhAInA zubha lagna prasaMge kuTuMbIjano sAthe zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI

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zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI ane temanAM dharmapatnI zrImatI zAradAbahena juo pR. 42 Scanned by CamScanner

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41 zAntAnukUla pavano gAma rahetA vepArIono pratyakSa saMparka sAdhyo hato. te nimitte temaNe dakSiNa bhAratano pravAsa kheDaco hato. dalAla uparAMta sAthe eka madadanIza rAkhelo je rasoI paNa karI deto. dharmazALAmAM UtaratA. kApaDanI kaI jAta kayA pradezamAM vizeSa cAle tema che, temAM koI pheraphAra karavAnI jarUra che ke kema, bajAramAM kyo mAla spardhAmAM che, tenI sAme TakI rahevA mATe zuM karavuM joIe, mAla lenAra vepArInI peDhInI tenA gAmamAM ne bajAramAM kevI AbarU che, tene ApaNA mAlamAM vizeSa rasa zI rIte utpanna thaI zake vagere aneka jhINI jhINI paNa mahattvanI bAbatono teo kayAsa kADhI letA. kApaDabajAranI rUkha vizenI temanI jANakArIno prabhAva sAmA mANasa para paDato. vizeSa to temanI sAdAI ne karakasarabharI raheNI tathA sahAnubhUtipUrNa prAmANika vyavahAranI asara vepArI para evI paDatI ke ghaNuMkharuM tenI sAthe kAyamano saMbaMdha baMdhAI jato. A pravAsa daramyAna vividha pradezanA lokonI khAsiyato, jarUriyAto ane vyAvasAyika viziSTatAo samajavAnI temane taka maLI. A juvAna udyogapatie UcharatI vayamAM dezanA vepAraudyoganI vAstavika sthitinuM A rIte darzana karyuM, teNe temanA bhaviSyanAM sAhasonA AyojanamAM khAtaranuM kAma karyuM hatuM." betraNa varSamAM ja kastUrabhAIe rAyapura milane bhAratanA nakazA para mUkI dIdhI ane pote eka bAhoza ane zaktizALI udyogapati tarIke amadAvAdamAM AgaLa AvyA. A arasAmAM (1915) temanAM lagna levAnuM nakkI thayuM. e jamAno bALalagnano hato. khAnadAna kuTuMbanAM bALako to ghoDiyAmAMthI jhaDapAtAM. kastUrabhAInuM sagapaNa ATha varSanI uMmare amadAvAdamAM jhaverAtano vyavasAya karatA temanI ja osavALa jJAtinA zrI camanalAla vADIlAla jhaverInAM putrI zAradAbahena sAthe thayuM hatuM. te vakhate zAradAbahenanI uMmara be varSanI hatI.1deg kastUrabhAInI icchA lagnanI javAbadArI 'ATalI vahelI' levAnI na hatI, joke temanI uMmara ekavIsa varSanI thaI hatI te eka rIte jotAM nAnI na gaNAya. paraMtu udyoganAM nAnAMmoTAM kAma zIkhavAmAM temane A vakhate eTalo rasa paDyo hato ke bIjA kazAno vicAra Avato ja nahIM. lagna eTale saMtAnanI javAbadArI. te mATe temanI taiyArI nahotI. vaLI, 1914nA Disembara mAsamAM temanA moTA banevI puruSottama Scanned by CamScanner

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42 paraMparA ane pragati bhAI haThIsiMganuM avasAna thayeluM. teno ghero zoka kuTuMbamAM hato. Ama, aneka pratikULatAo hatI chatAM temanAM rUDhicusta sAsariyAMnA Agraha AgaLa mAtAne namatuM jokhavuM paDyuM. 1915nA me mahinAmAM temanA lagnano prasaMga sAdAIthI UjavavAmAM Avyo. zAradAbahena zAMta, saumya ane snehALa prakRtinAM gRhiNI banyAM. mohinAbAnI mAphaka teo paNa mAtRpakSe nagarazeTha kuTuMbanAM hatAM. vaLI sAsunI jema dharmaparAyaNa ane vyavahAradakSa paNa kharAM. A umadA sannArI kastUrabhAInA kuTuMbamAM dUdhamAM sAkara bhaLe tema bhaLI gayAM. kasturabhAI Ama vyavasAyamAM tema saMsAramAM praveza karI rahyA hatA tyAre ujajavala bhAvino zubha saMketa darzAvatA saMjogonA zAtAnukUla pavanano AphlAdaka sparza anubhavI rahyA hatA. - TIpa '1. te jamAnAmAM AzAspada bhAvi dharAvatA putro mAtAne prasanna rAkhavA potAnI kArakirdIno bhoga ApatAM paNa khacakAtA nahi tenuM eka javalaMta dRSTAMta vikhyAta dhArAzAstrI lallubhAI AzArAmanuM che. 1890mAM lallubhAI ema.e.nI parIkSAmAM prathama naMbare pAsa thayelA ane temanI uMmara e vakhate mAtra ogaNIsa varSanI hatI. temane sivila sarvisanI parIkSA mATe vilAyata mokalavAno Arthika prabaMdha temanA pitAzrI AzArAmabhAI vicAratA hatA. paraMtu temanAM mAtuzrIe sApha kahI dIdhuM ke, "hAnAbhAIne tame sau ATale badhe Aghe traNa-traNa varSa mATe dezanikAla karazo ne to huM sApha kahI dauM chuM ke e mArAthI khAvAnuM nathI. ciMtAmAM ne ciMtAmAM mAro deha paDI jaze, e nakkI." mAtAnAM A vacano sAMbhaLIne lallubhAIe e ghaDIthI ja vilAyata javAnI abhilASAne dezavaTo Apyo ne kahyuM, "mAtAne na khape te zA khapanuM?" (AdazA, pR. 80- 83). 2. zaMkalA, pR. 12; KD I[, p. 3 tA. 5-10-64nI dha3. ejana; saMcaya, pR. 13.4.KD II, p. 3. 5. KD II, pp. 3-4. 6. KD II, p. 4. 7. saMcaya, pR. 13. 8. ekalA, pR. 15. 9. KD, p. 21. 10.KD, p. 1. Scanned by CamScanner

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kasoTI ane padArthapATha kastUrabhAI kApaDa-udyogamAM sthira thatA jatA hatA te arasAmAM ja gAMdhIjI dakSiNa AphrikAthI svadeza pAchA pharyA hatA. 1915nA menI 25mIe temaNe amadAvAdamAM satyAgraha Azrama sthApyo. pahelAM kocarabamAM baeNrisTara jIvaNalAla dIvAnanA bhADe lIdhelA makAnamAM Azrama cAlyo. be varSa bAda sAbaramatInA tIre jelanI paDozamAM jamIna kharIdIne tyAM kAyamI nivAsano prabaMdha karyo hato. guru gokhalenI salAha anusAra gAMdhIjIe eka varSa dezano pravAsa karIne prajAjIvananI vAstavika sthitino pratyakSa khyAla meLavyo hato. prajAnI gulAmI ane garIbIe temanA hRdayanA marma vIMdhI nAkhyA hatA. pote je prayoga dakSiNa AphrikAmAM karyo hato te satyAgrahanA prayoga mATe svadezamAM prajAnA tamAma stare jAgRti lAvIne anukULa bhUmikA taiyAra karavA mATe temaNe mana, vacana ane karmathI puruSArtha AraMbhI dIdho hato. 1915thI 1917nA gALAmAM amadAvAdamAM pacAseka milo cAlatI hatI ane cALIsa hajAra jeTalA majUro temAM kAma karatA hatA. prathama vizvayuddha cAlatuM hatuM. teno lAbha milone sArI peThe maLato hato. temano mAla dhamadhokAra vecAto hato. eTalAmAM marakIno upadrava zarU thayo. mANaso udaranI jema TapoTapa maravA lAgyA. 'marakIne kocaraba choDavAnI noTisarUpe gaNIne gAMdhIjIe Azrama Scanned by CamScanner

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paraMparA ane pragati tAbaDatoba sAbaramatI pheravyo ne taMbUmAM rahevA mAMDyuM. amadAvAda zaheranA ghaNA zrImaMta ane madhyama varganA loko zahera bahAra taMbU tANIne ke anyathA jarUrI sagavaDa UbhI karIne rahevA lAgyA. paNa garIba varga kayAM jAya ? gAmaDethI majUrI karavA Avela loko A roganA trAsathI vatanamAM bhAgI javA lAgyA. A paristhitimAM milomAM majUranI taMgI UbhI thaI. kApaDanuM bajAra garamAgarama hatuM eTale mAlikone mila baMdha rahe te pAlave tema nahotuM. AthI vadhu pagAra ApIne eka milamAMthI bIjI milamAM majUrone kheMcavAno peMtaro cAlyo. pariNAme majUronuM vetana vadhatuM gayuM. 1917nI Akhare majUronuM vetana varSanI zarUAtamAM hatuM tenA karatAM nevuMO TakA vadhI gayuM. 1918nA AraMbhamAM mAlano upADa ocho thaI gayo. kApaDabajAra DhIluM thayuM. milone lAgyuM ke majUronA pagAranuM dhoraNa nIcuM laI javAmAM nahi Ave to bilakula napho raheze nahi. eTale majUronA vetanamAM kApa mUkavAnuM nakkI thayuM. aMbAlAla sArAbhAIe milamAlikonuM saMgaThana karIne AgevAnI lIdhI. kastUrabhAInuM makAna pAnakora nAke zaheranI madhyamAM hovAthI milamAlikonI sabhA tyAM bharAtI.badhAe sarvAnumate nakkI karyuM ke majUronA pagAramAM vIsa TakAthI vadhu vadhAro Apavo nahi. majUroe A kApa svIkAryo nahIM. aMbAlAla sArAbhAInAM bahena anasUyAbahene majUronI AgevAnI lIdhI ane mAliko AgaLa majUronA kesanI rajUAta karI. majUronA pagAranA dara mULe ghaNA ochA hatA eTale temAM thayela vadhArAmAM ATalo moTo kApa mUkavo te anyAyya che ema temaNe kahyuM. paraMtu mAliko ekanA be na thayA. e vakhate gAMdhIjI caMpAraNyamAM hatA. anasUyAbahene temane patra dvArA majUronI hakIkata lakhI. gAMdhIjI amadAvAda AvyA. temane majUrono kesa majabUta lAgyo. mAliko sAthe temane mITho saMbaMdha hato eTale temane samajAvavAno prayatna karyo. temaNe temane pAMtrIsa TakA vadhAro ApavA kahyuM, ane te svIkArya na hoya to majUronI mAgaNI vize paMca nImavA temane vInavyA. paNa mAlikoe potAnI ane majUronI vacce trIjA pakSanI daramyAnagIrI na joIe ema cokhkhuM saMbhaLAvI dIdhuM. 4 Scanned by CamScanner

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kasoTI ane padArthapATha 45 chevaTe gAMdhIjIe majUrone haDatALa pADavAnI salAha ApI. "potAnI mAgaNIno svIkAra na thAya, athavA tenI yogyatA-ayogyatAnI tapAsa karavA paMca na nimAya tyAM lagI kAma upara na javuM"--evI pratijJA temaNe majUro pAse levarAvI. sAthe sAthe zAMti rAkhavI, bhisAna na khAvuM ane jarUra paDe to bIjI majUrI karIne peTa bharavuM paNa Teka na choDavI ema temaNe majUrone zIkha ApI. dararoja sAMje nadIkinAre eka jhADa nIce seMkaDo majUro ekaThA thatA ne gAMdhIjI temane lIdhelI pratijJA tAjI karAvatA. daramyAnamAM temaNe mAlikone samajAvavAno prayatna cAlu rAkhyo. paNa "amAre paNa Teka hoya nA? amArI ne amArA majUronI vacce bApa-dIkarAno saMbaMdha hoya-tenI vacce koI Ave te ame kema sahana karIe? tenI vacce paMca kevAM?"--evA javAbo maLatA. haDatALa ekavIsa divasa cAlI. temAM pahelAM be aThavADiyAM majUroe sAro jusso batAvyo. paNa pachI moLA paDavA lAgyA. Arthika bhIse ghaNAnI hiMmata toDI nAkhI. mAliko makkama hatA. temanI zarata anusAra majUro kAma para caDavA lAgyA. gAMdhIjIne du:kha thayuM. temaNe eka savAre majUronI sabhAmAM jAhera kahyuM ke, "majUro temanA praznano nikAla na thAya tyAM lagI haDatALa nibhAvI na zake to, ane tyAM lagI mAre upavAsa karavo che." majUro hebatAI gayA. vallabhabhAI, zaMkaralAla benkara, anasUyAbahena vagerene AghAta lAgyo. zrImatI enI bisAnTa e vakhate hiMdI rASTrIya koMgresanAM pramukha hatAM. temaNe aMbAlAla sArAbhAIne tArathI apIla karI ke gAMdhIjInI mahAmUlI jiMdagI ATalA nAnA hetu mATe homAya te yogya nathI. aMbAlAla, kastUrabhAI ane temanA kAkA jagAbhAI gAMdhIjIne maLavA gayA. e vakhate teo anasUyAbahenanA mirajApura roDa paranA nivAse hatA. "A laDatamAM amAro vijaya thayo che. tame upavAsa karIne amArA para khoTuM dabANa karI rahyA cho." mAlikoe kahyuM. mArA upavAsathI tamAre tamAro mArga choDavAnI jarAya jarUra nathI. majUrI ane mAlikanA jhaghaDAmAM bemAMthI eke pakSe nyAya toLavA besavuM nahIM paNa matabhedanA prazno taTastha lavAdane soMpavA joIe ane teno nirNaya baMnene baMdhanakartA gaNAvo joIe. A siddhAMtamAM tamane zraddhA na hoya to bUla thavAmAM kAMI artha Scanned by CamScanner

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46 paraMparA ane pragati nathI."8 gAMdhIjIe javAba Apyo. - traNa upavAsa thaI gayA hatA. mAliko have te vadhu laMbAya tema icchatA nahotA eTale temaNe gAMdhIjInI darakhAsta svIkArI. AnaMdazaMkara dhruvane lavAda tarIke nImavAmAM AvyA. temano pheMsalo Ave tyAM sudhI milamAlikoe pahele divase majUrone 1917nA AraMbhamAM je pagAra hato tenA pAMtrIsa TakA vadhu Apavo; bIje divase, milamAlikoe sUcavyuM hatuM tema, vIsa TakA vadhu Apavo ane trIjA divasathI sADI sattAvIsa TakA vadhu Apavo ema baMne pakSe samajUtI thaI. tA. 10-8-18nA roja paMcano cukAdo Avyo. tyAM sudhImAM ghaNIkharI milomAM 35 TakAno vadhAro apAI cUkyo hato ane keTalIkamAM to te 50 TakA sudhI paNa pahoMcyo hato. eTale pace takarArane lagatA bAkInA vakhatane mATe 35 TakA vadhAro ApavAno Adeza Apyo hato. Ama amadAvAdanA majUronI aitihAsika gaNAya tevI haDatALano aMta Avyo. gAMdhIjIe potAnA A upavAsa "doSamaya' hatA ema bUla karyuM che.' milamAlikone paNa e prasaMga upavAsa dvArA khoTuM dabANa lAvanAro lAgyo hato. paraMtu Aje temane samajAya che ke majUra ane mAlika vaccenA saMgharSanA aneka prasaMgo temaNe svIkArela lavAdanA siddhAMtane kAraNe TALI zakAyA che. A prasaMgano sAra tAravatAM kastUrabhAI kahe che: "haDatALa ane lavAdamAMthI ame je eka padArthapATha zIkhyA te e ke mila baMdha karavI te nukasAnakAraka ja che. mahAtmAjI sAthe samAdhAna karatI vakhate audyogika zAMtinA phaLanI amane pUrI kalpanA nahotI. I.sa. 1924 ane 1927 vacce muMbaIno kApaDa-udyoga ghaNA ja kaparA samayamAMthI pasAra thayo ane kApaDanuM utpAdana-kharca ghaTADavA vetanamAM ghaTADo karavAno prayatna karyo tenAthI haDatALo paDI ane te saLaMga cha mAsa sudhI cAlI. mArI mAnyatA pramANe muMbaInA kApaDa udyoge A badhAM varSo daramyAna ame amadAvAdamAM karyuM te pramANe ekhalAsatAthI matabhedonI patAvaTa nahIM karIne ghaNI bhAre kiMmata cUkavI che."11 haDatALanA divasomAM kastUrabhAIe milamAlikonA pratinidhi tarIke maMtraNAo karavAmAM mahattvano bhAga bhajavyo hato. temanI buddhipravaNatA ane dhIravRttie baMne pakSa para UMDI chApa pADI hatI. aMbAlAla sArAbhAIe Scanned by CamScanner

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kasoTI ane padArthapATha temane milamAlika maMDaLanI kArobArI samitimAM lIdhA. A nimitte gAMdhIjI tema ja saradAranA saMparkamAM paNa AvavAnuM banyuM. eja varSamAM anAvRSTine kAraNe gujarAtamAM duSkALanI paristhiti UbhI thaI. zeTha aMbAlAla sArAbhAIe duSkALarAhatakArya mATe amadAvAdamAM eka saMgaThana samitirUpe UbhuM karyuM. nagarazeTha kastUrabhAI maNibhAIne tenA pramukha tarIke te saradAra vallabhabhAI paTela, dAdAsAheba mAvaLaMkara, indulAla yAjJika, kRSNalAla desAI ane kastUrabhAI lAlabhAIne samitinA maMtrIo tarIke nImyA hatA. 1ra A samiti rAhata mATe phALo ugharAvavA nIkaLatI. zarUAtamAM aMbAlAla zeThe phALo ugharAvavA ghera ghera pharavAnI AnAkArI karelI. paraMtu pachI kastUrabhAInA Agrahane vaza thaIne teo temanI sAthe phALo ugharAvavA nIkaLyA hatA. saunA saMyukta prayatnathI rU. 2,75,000nI moTI rakama ekatra thaI hatI.13 tenAthI duSkALapIDita prajAne ThIka ThIka rAhata pahoMcADI zakAI hatI. kastUrabhAInA prayatnathI paMjAbamAMthI ghauM ane valasADa jillAmAMthI ghAsano moTo jaththo meLavIne vaheMcavAmAM Avyo hato. A vakhate vallabhabhAI bhadramAM rahetA. kastUrabhAI temane rojeroja karelA kAmano hisAba ApavA jatA. saradAra sAtheno gADha maitrIsaMbaMdha A nimitte baMdhAyo te jiMdagIbhara Takayo hato. e ja rIte dAdAsAheba mAvaLaMkaranA nikaTa saMparkamAM paNa A rAhatakAryane prasaMge AvavAnuM thayuM ane temanI sAthe paNa kAyamano gharobo sthapAI gayo. 47 jAhera jIvanano temano A prathama anubhava hato. temAM saphaLatA maLe te mATe samaya ane zakti kharcavAmAM temaNe bAkI rAkhI nahIM. jAhera sevAnA kAryamAM khaMta, niSThA, prAmANikatA, dIrghadRSTi ane ni:svArtha bhAve kAma karI chUTavAnI tamannA A prasaMgathI temanAmAM baMdhAI. A kArya mArA jIvanaghaDataramAM mahattvano bhAga bhajavyo che" ema kastUrabhAIe noMdhyuM che.14 udyogamAM sthira thayA pachI temanI icchA yuropano pravAsa karIne tyAMnAM kArakhAnAM jovAnI ane vividha dezonA lokonI raheNIkaraNInI pratyakSa jANakArI meLavavAnI hatI. nAnA bhAI narottamabhAInI sAthe temaNe 1920mAM yuropanI prathama musApharI karI. pI. eNnDa o.nI 'narakuMDA' AgaboTamAM me mahinAmAM nIkaLyA. mArselsa thaIne laMDana pahoMcyA. temanI pahelAM zeTha aMbAlAla sArAbhAI Scanned by CamScanner

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4. paraMparA ane pragati gayelA. temaNe emane mATe makAna bhADe laI rAkheluM. baMne bhAIo yuropa AkhuM pharyA. ATha mAsa paradezamAM gALyA ane navo ja anubhava meLavyo. aneka navIna vastuo joIne kharIdavAnuM mana thAya. prathama vizvayuddha pUru thayAne doDheka varasa ja thayeluM eTale jarmanI gayA tyAre tyAMnA lokonA jIvana para yuddhanI tAjI asara dekhAtI hatI, mAkhaNanuM nAmanizAna na maLe ne breDa paNa kALI maLatI. A saMjogomAM phrenca ane jarmana hUMDiyAmaNanA dara ghaTI gayA hatA. eTale pravAsakharca ane kharIdImAM moTI rakama kharcI hovA chatAM AgaLa jatAM lAbha thaze e gaNatarIthI pacAsa hajAra rUpiyA e calaNomAM temaNe rokathA. vakhata jatAM jarmana calaNamAM kareluM rokANa DUbI gayuM ane phrenca calaNamAM rokelI mUDI pAchI maLI!!' Ama paradezI calaNanI vadhaghaTano khyAla Arthika khoTa khAIne A UgatA udyogavIrane maLyo te paNa eka nAnakaDo padArthapATha hato. 1921mAM saradAra vallabhabhAI paTela amadAvAda myunisipAliTInA pramukha banyA. temaNe kastUrabhAIne myunisipala prAthamika zALA mATe dAna ApavA kahyuM. kastUrabhAI ane temanA bhAIoe rUpiyA pacAsa hajAra ApyA.16 lAlabhAI parivAra taraphathI amadAvAdamAM dAnano je avirata pravAha vividha kSetromAM AjaparyaMta vaheto rahyo che, tenA zrIgaNeza ahIMthI maMDAyA ema kahI zakAya. e ja varSanA DisembaramAM amadAvAdamAM inDiyana nezanala koMgresanuM adhivezana bharAyuM hatuM. paMDita motIlAla neharu e vakhate kastUrabhAInA mahemAna banyA hatA. neharu kuTuMba sAtheno A paricaya vakhata jatAM gADha saMbaMdharUpe pariNamyo. juvAna kastUrabhAIe kaoNMgresanA adhivezanamAM utsAhapUrvaka hAjarI ApIne rASTrIya netAonAM vyAkhyAno sAMbhaLyAM, eTaluM ja nahi, tenI vyavasthA AdimAM sakriya kAmagIrI paNa bajAvI. rASTrIya netAo sAthenA saMbaMdhanI sAthe temanI rASTrabhakti paNa dRDha thatI jatI hatI. udyogapati tarIke kastUrabhAInI eka khAsiyata sAhasikatA che. alabatta, anubhava vadhatAM navAM sAhaso pAchaLanI temanI gaNatarI cokasAIbharI hovAthI niSphaLa javAnuM banyuM nathI. paraMtu zarUAtanAM varSomAM eTalo anubhava nahIM tethI navAM Arthika sAhasane kAraNe muzkelImAM mukAvAnuM paNa banyuM hatuM. azoka milanI sthApanA vakhatanI gaNatarI evI pakvatAnuM dRSTAMta che. Scanned by CamScanner

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kasoTI ane padArthapATha 49 rAyapura mila dhamadhokAra cAlatI hatI ane temAMthI sAro napho maLato hato. kasturabhAIe enI saphaLatA parathI bIjI mila zarU karavAno vicAra karyo. temAM 20,000 trAko ane 500 zALo nAkhavAnI yojanA ghaDI. tene mATe rUpiyA bAra lAkhanI mUDI UbhI karavAnuM nakkI karyuM. tenuM nAma azokamilsa limiTeDa rAkhyuM. zerabajAramAM temanI AbarU evI baMdhAI hatI ke azokanA zeronI ghaNI moTI mAga UbhI thaI. muMbaInA eka bhoLAbhAI dalAle to rUpiyA traNa lAkhanA zeronI mAgaNI karI. AthI raMgamAM AvI jaIne kasatUrabhAIe bAra lAkhathI vadhArIne zeramUDI covIsa lAkhanI jAhera karI ane milanI utpAdanazakti paNa 40,000 trAko ane 1,000 zALonI karI. 1920mAM hUMDiyAmaNano dara rUpiye be ziliMga hato te 1923mAM ghaTIne rUpiye eka ziliMga ane sADA traNa pensa thayo. Ane pariNAme temaNe je yaMtrasAmagrIno aoNrDara mUkelo tene mATe 50 TakA vadhu nANAMnI jogavAI karavAnI AvI. oNrDara mUkatI vakhate huM DiyAmaNanI vyavasthA nahIM karelI ane nANAM cUkavatI vakhate daramAM moTo pheraphAra thayo. A aNadhAryA saMjogone lIdhe temane 20,000 trAko ane 500 zALono oNrDara rada karavo paDyo. mila cAlatI karavA mATe mahAprayAse nANAM ekaThAM thaI zakyAM. A paristhitine lIdhe bajAramAM azoka milanA so rUpiyAnA zeranA cALIsa bolAvA lAgyA.57 nAnI thApaNa mUkanArAono vizvAsa DagavA lAgyo. darekane ciMtA ema thavA lAgI ke ApaNI mUDI DUbaze to? "azoke zokamAM nAkhyA" ema vepArIo kahevA lAgyA. A kasoTIne vakhate kastUrabhAIe hiMmata ane dhIraja rAkhIne svasthatAthI mila cAlu karavA mATe goThavaNa karI. nAnA pAyA para mila zarU thavAne kAraNe adha mUDI zeraholDarone pAchI ApI dIdhI. 1922mAM mila cAlu thaI ane ucca guNavattAvALA kApaDanuM utpAdana karavA lAgI. tene lIdhe sAro napho thavA lAgyo. 1923mAM milano ekaMdara napho eka lAkha ekatrIsa hajAra rUpiyAno hato. pachI thoDAM varSomAM ja milanI Arthika sthiti sadhdhara thaI gaI. bAra lAkha rUpiyAnI mUDIthI zarU thayelI A milanI mUDI 1978mAM 4.69 karoDa jeTalI ane kula napho 1.71 karoDa jeTalo thayo che. azoka milanI sthApanA prasaMge thayelI kasoTIe kastUrabhAIne ghaNuM Scanned by CamScanner

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5. paraMparA ane pragati zIkhavADyuM. pratyeka sAhasanI pAchaLa badhI bAjuno pUro khyAla karIne cokkasa Arthika gaNatarI pachI AgaLa pagaluM bharavuM evo padArthapATha temane A anubhavathI maLyo. temaNe pote paNa kahyuM che ke, "mArI kArakirdInI zarUAtamAM ja mane A kaThora padArthapATha maLyo te eka rIte ghaNuM ja sAruM thayuM. azoka mila je ghaNA ja kaTokaTInA samayamAMthI pasAra thaI te na banyuM hota to kadAca huM ghaNo ja bedarakAra rahyo hota."18 azoka milanI agniparIkSAmAMthI aNizuddha pAra UtaryA tene bIje je varSe sarasapura milanI samasyA UbhI thaI hatI. e milano vahIvaTa kastUrabhAInA kAkAo saMbhALatA hatA. temaNe saTTAmAM evI khuvArI vahorI hatI ke milane phaDacAmAM laI javI paDe tevI sthiti AvI. kuTuMbanI pratiSThAne dhokho pahoMce tevI kaTokaTI UbhI thaI. e vakhate kuneha ane karakasarabharyA vahIvaTa mATe utpAdana kSetre kastUrabhAInI prazaMsA thatI. eTale chevaTe phaDacAmAM jatI kAkAnI milano vahIvaTa akhatarA khAtara bhatrIjAne soMpavAnuM likivaDeTare nakkI karyuM. kastUrabhAInI zakti mATe A moTA paDakArarUpa prasaMga hato. temaNe milanuM sukAna hAthamAM laIne evI vyavasthA goThavI ke be varSamAM ja DUbatI mila taratI thaI gaI! thApaNa mUkanArAne vyAja maLavA lAgyuM ane zeraholDarone DiviDanDa maLe tevI goThavaNa paNa thaI. A kasoTImAMthI pasAra thayA pachI samagra udyogamAM ane bajAramAM temanI AMTa eTalI vadhI gaI ke kastUrabhAIno vahIvaTa hoya tyAM kadI nuksAna jAya nahIM evo vizvAsa Ubho thayo.10 TIpa 1. sapa, pR. 539. 2. edhayumAM A plega bonasa 70thI 80 TakA jeTaluM vadhyuM hatuM ema kahyuM che. juo edhayu, pR. 5. 3. sapra, pR. 580. 4. sapra, pR.581. 5. sapra, pR. 581. 6. sapra, pR.585. 7. KD, p. 2; &okalA, pR. 18. 8. KD p. 2; sapra, pR. 187. 9. edhayu, pR. 136-137. 10. sapa, pR. 586. 11. saMcaya, pR. 14. 12. ekalA, pR. 17. 13. saMcaya, pR. 14. 14. ekalA, pR. 17; KD, p. 3. 15. zrekalA, pR. 2; KD, pp. 1011. 16. KD, p. 5. 17. kokalA, pR. 19; KD, p. 5. 18. saMcaya, pR. 14. 19. ekalA, pR. 22. " Scanned by CamScanner

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| lAlabhAI parivAra : saradAra vallabhabhAI vagere sAthe (pAchaLa ubhelA DAbI bAjathI ) ; niraMjanabhAI narottamabhAI lAlabhAI, zeNikabhAI kanUre bhAI, nalinIkAnta jagAmA I; vijayasiha cImana bhAI, sarottamabhAI pI. haThIsiMga, cInubhAI cImana bhAI; narottamabhAI pI. haThIsiMga; sidvAbhAI kastUrabhAI, rameza mAI caMdulAla maja5 mAI cImanabhAI, save rAmabhAI pI, lAThIsiMga, narottamabhAI ( hIrA bhAI ) RidulAla, gautamabhAI gAbhAI( 1khurazImAM DAbI bAjumI ) savitAbahena vijesiSThasulocanAbahena narottamabhAI; mANekabADena caMdulAla; cImanuM bhAI lAlabhA I; kanaiyAlAle ( kAnajIbhAI | desAI guja/jAte prAMtika ( grena ) samitinA prama|'ne, kenara bhAI bALa'mA'); saradAra vRkSama bhAI paTela, morAra thajIbhAI desAI, ku, maNibahena paTela, lIlIbAna ( lAThI bahena ) puruSottama bhAI haThIsiMga, zAradAbAdana cImanabhAI; narottama bhAI lAlabhAI, kA*tAbena jevNImAM I; ( 44mIna para rAkhI bAjathI ): zobhanA bahena rokAI; ||bhAbahena cInu bhAI lIlAvatIbahena lAlajIbhAI, varSAbahena vikasiA , panAbahena cemikAbhAI; pratimAbahena jitendrabhAI parIkha, 1. klaoNka 'kumAra'nA saujanyathI Scanned by CamScanner

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vaDI dhArAsabhAmAM mArA manane to chAMTAbhAra zaka nathI ke Izvara jevo koI mAlika jo duniyAne mAthe hoya to tenA darabAramAM iMglenDane tema ja hiMdustAnanAM A badhAM zaheromAM vasanArAone beune A gunAne mATe-itihAsamAM kadAca jenI joDa na maLI zake evA A mAnavajAti sAmenA gunAne mATe javAba devo paDaze." daridranArAyaNanI kakaLatI AMtaraDIno avAja hoya tevA A zabdo gAMdhIjI amadAvAdanI sezansa korTamAM tA. 18 mArca, 1922nA roja temanI sAme cAlelA aitihAsika mukaddamA vakhate uccArI rahyA hatA. navA caNAyelA sarakITa hAusano khaMDa nimaMtrita prekSakothI khIcokhIca bharAI gayo hato. aMgreja nyAyAdhIza bUmaphIlDa pUrA gAMbhIryane mAna sAthe rAjadrohanA tahomatadAra mi. gAMdhInuM nivedana sAMbhaLI rahyo hato. briTiza zAsane rAjadvArI tema ja Arthika dRSTie hiMdane keTaluM badhuM lAcAra banAvI dIdhuM hatuM tenuM hRdayadrAvaka citra temanA nivedanamAMthI UpasatuM hatuM. zaMkaralAla benkara paNa temanI sAthe tahomatadAra hatA. Agale divase ja koMgresanI kArobArI samitinI beThaka amadAvAdamAM hatI eTale dezanA aneka agraNI netAo A prasaMge upasthita hatA. javAharalAla neharu A prasaMganuM smaraNa karatAM kahe che: "korTa samakSa gAMdhIjIe kareluM nivedana hRdaya halAvanAruM hatuM, temanAM jIvaMta vAkyo ane hRdayahArI lpanAonI chApa amArI smRtimAM laIne romAMcaka anubhava sAthe ame ghera AvyA."ra vallabhabhAI, Scanned by CamScanner

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para paraMparA ane pragati aMbAlAla sArAbhAI, anasUyAbahena ane kastUrabhAInI hAjarI to hoya ja. gAMdhIjIne cha varSanI ane zaMkaralAla baeNnkarane eka varSanI AsAnakedanI sajA karIne jaja vidAya thayA. pachI to korTanA khaMDamAM moTo meLo thaI gayo. adAlatanA amaladAro ane sarakArI vakIla sudhdhAM saukoI gAMdhIjIne page lAgyA. gAMdhIjI khUba kAma karavAnuM, saMpathI rahevAnuM, reMTiyo calAvavAnuM ane khAdI paheravAnuM badhAne kahetA hatA. kastUrabhAI ane vallabhabhAIe vaMdana karyAM. gAMdhIjIe kastUrabhAIne kahyuM, "vallabhabhAInI paDakhe rahejo." aThThAvIsa varSanA juvAna kastUrabhAIne A vakhate saradAra vallabhabhAI ane dAdAsAheba mAvaLaMkara sAthe dRDha snehasaMbaMdha baMdhAI gayo hato. 1922nI AkharamAM eka divasa vallabhabhAI azoka milamAM AvI caDe che. kastUrabhAI kArakhAnAmAM gayA hoya che tyAMthI bolAvIne temane kahe che, "tamAre vaDI dhArAsabhA mATe milamAlika maMDaLanA pratinidhi tarIke cUMTaNImAM UbhA rahevAnuM che." kastUrabhAIne Azcarya thAya che. "haju mane evo koI anubhava nathI. tyAM dhArAsabhAmAM jaIne zuM karavAnuM?" te javAba Ape che. 66 'anubhava laIe tyAre Ave ne ? jazo eTale karavAnuM sUjhaze.'" vallabhabhAI temanI lAkSaNika Dhabe samajAve che. dilhInI vaDI dhArAsabhA mATe muMbaI ane amadAvAdanA milamAlika maMDaLonI vacce eka beThaka phALavavAmAM AvI hatI. traNa varSanI mudata mATe eka vAra muMbaIno pratinidhi jAya to bIjI vAra amadAvAdano evI goThavaNa hatI. 1923thI 1926nI mudata mATe amadAvAda milamAlika maMDaLano vAro hato. tene mATe sarvAnumate pratinidhi pasaMda thaI zake tema nahotuM. vayovRddha zeTha maMgaLadAsa giradharadAsanI sAme aThThAvIsa varSanA mANekalAla manasukhabhAI umedavArI noMdhAvavA mAgatA hatA. maMgaLadAsa zeThanuM milamAlikomAM sAruM varcas hatuM, paraMtu teo juvAna mANasanI sAme hAravAnuM jokhama levA mAgatA na hatA. eTale jo kastUrabhAI UbhA rahe to pote temane pUrepUrI madada karavA taiyAra hatA. vallabhabhAIe kastUrabhAIne A paristhitino khyAla Apyo. kastUrabhAIe kahyuM: "bAne pUchI jouM." banne mitro ghera gayA. mohinAbAne pUchyuM. Scanned by CamScanner

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vaDI dhArAsabhAmAM 53 bAe kahyuM: "be milanI moTI javAbadArI che. temAM A vadhArAno bojo na lo to sAra." A vakhate moTAM bahena DAhIbahena hAjara hatAM. temaNe A navI taka jhaDapI levA bhAIne protsAhana ApyuM.3 starabhAIe vicAryuM: 'ApaNe AvA pada ke pratiSThAnI pAchaLa jatA nathI. sAmethI Ave che to nA na pADavI. sahaja milA sodUdha barAbara." bIjI ja kSaNe temaNe saradArane kahyuM: "maMgaLadAsa zeTha madada karatA hoya to cUMTaNImAM UbhA rahevAmAM vAMdho nathI." saradAra khuza thayA.baMne mitro sIdhA zeTha maMgaLadAsane baMgale gayA. temaNe kasturabhAIne badhI rIte madada karavAnuM vacana ApyuM. amadAvAda milamAlika maMDaLanA kula 73 matadAro hatA. cUMTaNI rasAkasIbharI thavAnI hatI. kema ke mANeklAla paNa temanA pitAnI vagane kAraNe sAro dekhAva karI zake tema hatA. muMbaI dhArAsabhAmAM eka beThaka milamAlikonI hatI tenI paNa cUMTaNI e divasomAM thavAnI hatI. te beThaka mATe milamAlika maMDaLanA maMtrI goradhanabhAI paTela ane narasiMhadAsa jekizanadAsa vacce tIvra harIphAI cAlatI hatI. goradhanabhAIe kastUrabhAI samakSa temanA matanI mAgaNI karI: tame mane ahIM mata Apo to huM tamane dilhInI dhArAsabhA mATe Teko ApI zakuM" meM narasiMhadAsane vacana ApyuM che eTale lAcAra chuM" kastUrabhAIe kahyuM. te jANatA hatA ke potAnI ane mANekalAlanI vacce gaLAkApa spardhA thavAnI che. eTale eka matanI kiMmata ghaNI gaNAya. paraMtu tenAthI UMcuM mUlya temane mana pote ApelA vacananuM hatuM.' | cUMTaNI thaI. temAM kastUrabhAIne ADatrIsa mata maLyA ne mANekalAlane tetrIsa maLyA. goradhanabhAIno ane vikToriyA Ayarna vakarsavALA pestanazAno mata rada thayo hato. vaDI dhArAsabhAmAM gayA to kharA, paNa pote jemanA pratinidhi hatA temane mATe kazuM na karIe to temano droha karyo gaNAya evI kazIka lAgaNI temane thayA Scanned by CamScanner

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54 paraMparA ane pragati karatI hatI. pahelAM dhArAsabhAnA kAmakAjanI rItarasama zIkhavAnuM nakkI karyuM. manu sUbedAra e vakhate dilhImAM hatA. temane puchAvyuM: "tame mane dhArAsabhAnA kAmakAjanI paddhati zIkhavazo?" manu sUbedAre saMmati darzAvatA kahevarAvyuM: "dhArAsabhAmAM pUchavA mATenA prazno huM tamane ghaDI ApuM. mArI phI hajAra rUpiyA che." kastUrabhAIe javAba Apyo: "meM amuka savAlo pUchayA evuM akhabAramAM prasiddha thAya teno mane abharakho nathI. mAre to dhArAsabhAmAM cAlatA kAmakAjanI rItarasama ne paddhati samajavI che." e vAta tyAM ja aTakI. kazuM pariNAma AvyuM nahi. muMbaI ane amadAvAdanAM milamAlika maMDaLomAM varSothI kApaDa paranI AbakArI jakAtano prazna ghoLAto hato. mAncesTara ane leMkezAyarathI AyAta thatA kApaDane rakSaNa ApavA mATe videzI sarakAre bhAratanI milomAM taiyAra thatA kApaDa para cheka 1896thI sADA traNa TakAnI AbakArI jakAta nAkhI hatI. koMgrese sarakAranI A nIti vakhoDI kADhatAM kahyuM hatuM ke, sarakAre leMkezAyarane phAyado karAvavA mATe A anyAyI jakAta bhAratamAM pedA thatA kApaDa para nAkhI che. dezanA audyogika vikAsa mATe to sarakAre bhAratamAM utpanna thatA mAlane rakSaNa ApavuM joIe ema dAdAbhAI navarojajI, paMDita madanamohana mAlavIya ane bIjA rASTrIya netAo gAIvagADIne kahetA hatA. ( rAjakIya ane Arthika svAtaMtryanI saMyukta mAgaNI thaI zake te hetuthI 1905mAM keMgresanI sAthe kAma kare tevI bhAratIya udyogapariSada (inDiyana InDasTriyala kaoNnpharansa) sthapAI hatI. tenA prathama pramukha ramezacaMdra datte maMgala pravacana karatAM kahyuM ke: "duniyAnA badhA dezo svadezInI pravRtti apanAvI rahyA che. phrAnsa, jarmanI, amerikA ane briTiza saMsthAno bhAre jakAtanI dIvAla UbhI karIne potAnA dezanA udyogane rakSaNa Ape che. ApaNI pAse ApaNA arthataMtrane lagatA kAyadA ghaDavAnI sattA nathI eTale ApaNe paradezI mAlane tajI jema bane tema vadhu pramANamAM dezI mAla vAparavAno TharAva karIne svadezInuM AMdolana jagavavA mAgIe chIe. A umadA prayAsamAM saphaLa thaIzuM to rakSaNAtmaka jakAtano Azraya lIdhA vinA svadezI mAla ane udyogane Scanned by CamScanner

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vaDI dhArAsabhAmAM 15 A deza rakSaNa ApI zake che evuM abhUtapUrva dRSTAMta duniyAne pUruM pADyuM DAgAze. lokamAnya TiLaka ane gopALa kRSNa gokhalee paNa potAnI rIte svadezI udyogane uttejana ApavAnI himAyata karI hatI. e ja varSamAM oNrDa karjhane baMgALanI prajAnI rASTrabhaktine toDavA mATe baMgabhaMganI yojanA jAhera karI. tenAthI svadezInA AMdolanane jabaro vega maLyo. tenA ja bhAgarUpe videzI mAlanA bahiSkAranuM AMdolana cAlyuM. dezanI dolata dezamAM rahevI joIe eTalI sAdI vAta to abhaNa gAmaDiyo paNa samajato hato. A vAtAvaraNa navA udyogo sthApavA ane je hatA tene dRDhamUla karavA mATe anukULa hatuM. kApaDa uparAMta kaTalarI, hojhiyarI, pensila, dIvAsaLI, kAca vagere aneka prakAranI cIjavastu banAvavAnAM kArakhAnAM nakhAyAM. leMkezAyarathI AvatA mAlanA jevo mAla dezamAM utpanna karavA mATe utsAha jAmyo ane te mATe jarUrI yaMtrasAmagrI mila saMcAlakoe paradezathI maMgAvavAnI vetaraNa paNa karI. paraMtu A utsAha lAMbuM cAle tevA saMjogo rahyA nahi. sarakAranI nIti ahIM utpanna thatA mAlane koI prakAranuM rakSaNa ApavAnI nahotI. UlaTuM, paradezathI AvatA mAlane anukULatA karI ApavAnI hatI. relave nUranA daramAM e dhoraNe bhedabhAva rAkhyo, jethI dezI utpAdakone nukasAna thAya. Ane pariNAme paradezathI AyAta thato mAla ahIMnAM bajAromAM chUTathI vecAto ane tenI spardhAmAM dezI mAla Ubho rahI zakato nahIM. hiMdI sarakAre milomAM utpanna thayela kApaDa upara nAkhelI AbakArI jakAta anyAyakArI che ema briTiza pArlamenTanA amuka sabhyo paNa mAnatA hatA. paraMtu leMkezAyaranI vagane lIdhe bolatA nahotA. prathama vizvayuddhamAM bhArate sarakArane karelI madadanI kadara 1917nA mArcanI AmasabhAmAM aneka sabhyoe karI. yuddha pUruM thayA pachI A aLakhAmaNI jakAta nAbUda karavA mATe hiMdI vajIra sara oNsTina cembaralena, lorDa vIlIMgTana vageree pArlAmenTamAM bhalAmaNa karI hatI. vaDA pradhAna loIDa jyorje tyAM sudhI kahyuM ke bhAratamAM A bAbata lokamata levAmAM Ave to A jakAtane rada karavAnA pakSamAM bahu moTo lokasamudAya mata ApeAma chatAM leMkezAyaranI lobI eTalI majabUta hatI ke e vakhate Scanned by CamScanner

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56 paraMparA ane pragati jakAta dUra thaI zakI nahIM. muMbaI ane amadAvAdanA milamAlika maMDaLoe sara nesa vADiyAnA netRtva nIce hiMdI sarakAra samakSa rajUAta karIne A jakAta nAbUda karavA anurodha karyo hato. prajAnA jAgrata vargamAM A anyAyapUrNa jakAta sAme bhAre napharata pedA thaI hatI. kastUrabhAIne A jakAta nAbUda karavA aMge vaDI dhArAsabhAmAM TharAva lAvavAno vicAra thayo. e praznanAM tamAma pAsAMno pote UMDo abhyAsa karyo ane te parathI TharAvano musaddo ghaDI kADhyo. tene mATe dAdAsAheba mAvaLaMkarane temaNe amadAvAdathI bolAvyA. dAdAsAhebe dilhImAM eka aThavADiyuM rokAIne kastUrabhAIne temanuM vaktavya taiyAra karavAmAM madada karI.9 binasarakArI TharAva hovAthI dhArAsabhAmAM carcA mATe te levAze ke kema e vize zaMkA hatI. chatAM badhI taiyArI karI rAkhI. 1920mAM koMgrese ahiMsaka asahakArano kAryakrama apanAvavAno TharAva karyo ne dezanA vizALa lokasamudAyane pahoMcI vaLe teTaluM kApaDa te vakhatanI milo utpanna karI zake tema na hovAthI hAthe kAMtela sUtara ane hAthe vaNela kApaDa taiyAra karavAnI joradAra apIla karI. e vakhate dareka keMgresI sabhya "bhAratanI Arthika, rAjakIya ane naitika unnati mATe svadezI vratane huM Avazyaka mAnuM chuM" evI pratijJA levI paDatI hatI. gAMdhIjI mAnatA hatA ke briTiza zAsana nIce cAlatI dhArAsabhAmAM bhAga levAno koI artha nathI tema chatAM koMgresIone temAM javA mATe temaNe anicchAe saMmati ApI hatI. tadanusAra cittaraMjana dAsa ane motIlAla neharue svarAja pakSanI racanA karIne dhArAsabhAmAM praveza karyo hato. 1924mAM gAMdhIjIe dhArAsabhAmAM gayelA koMgresIone sarakAre kApaDanI jarUriyAta hoya tyAM khAdI ja kharIdavI ane paradezI kApaDanI AyAta para bhAre jakAta lAdavI e matalabanA TharAva mUkavAnuM sUcana karyuM hatuM.10 amadAvAdamAM koMgresa adhivezana bharAyuM tyArathI kastUrabhAIne motIlAla neharu sAthe nikaTano saMbaMdha baMdhAyo hato. temaNe motIlAlajIne kApaDa-jakAta nAbUda karavA aMgenA potAnA TharAvanI vAta karI ane temanA TekAnI mAgaNI karI. Scanned by CamScanner

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vaDI dhArAsabhAmAM 57 "tamane jarUra madada karIza. paraMtu pakSa calAvavA mATe amAre nANAMnI jarUra che. te mATe tamArI madada joIze." motIlAlajIe vaLatI darakhAsta karI. "jarUra," kastUrabhAIe kahyuM. muMbaImAM maLavAnuM nakkI karyuM. epha. I. dinazAnI oNphisamAM sara nesa vADiyA ane bIjA betraNa muMbaInA milamAliko ane kastUrabhAI tathA aMbAlAla sArAbhAI amadAvAdanA milamAliko taraphathI maLyA. motIlAlajIe svarAja pakSanA uddeza ne kAryakrama samajAvyAM ane tene mATe jarUrI nANAMnI mAgaNI rajU karI. pAMca lAkha rUpiyA ekatra karavAnuM nakkI thayuM. muMbaInA milamAlikoe sADA traNa lAkha rUpiyA ApavAnuM svIkAryuM ne bAkInA doDha lAkha amadAvAdamAMthI ugharAvI levAnuM kastUrabhAIne sUcavyuM. "amadAvAdanA mitrone huM maLyo nathI eTale ekadama doDha lAkha rUpiyAnuM vacana kevI rIte ApI zakuM?" kastUrabha!Ie acakAtAM acakAtAM kahyuM. "tame temanA pratinidhi cho eTale temanI vatI tamAre javAbadArI svIkAravI joIe." aMbAlAla sArAbhAIe samajAvyuM. kastUrabhAIe te pramANe javAbadArI svIkArI. amadAvAda gayA pachI temaNe milamAlika maMDaLa samakSa badhI hakIkata mUkI. kArobArIe temanuM sUcana tatkALa svIkArIne svarAja pakSa mATe doDha lAkha rUpiyA bhegA karI ApyA.11 svarAja pakSanA TekAne kAraNe kastUrabhAIe rajU karelo prastAva dhArAsabhAmAM carcA mATe AvI zakayo. sauprathama 1924nA sapTembaramAM A TharAva rajU thayo. garamAgarama carcAne aMte dhArAsabhAe TharAvyuM ke kApaDa paranI AbakArI jakAta lAMbo vakhata cAlu rAkhavI joIe nahIM. tA. 12 mArca, 1925nA roja pharIthI tenI carcA UpaDI. temAM bhAratIya vepArI mahAmaMDaLanA pratinidhi sara parazotamadAsa ThAkoradAse saMbhaLAvyuM ke: "A jakAta rada thAya to, mAncesTarane bIka che ke, tenA bhArata sAthenA kApaDanA vepArane hina pahoMcaze. te kAraNe bhArata sarakAra A bAbatamAM niSkriya rahela che. bhAratano kApaDa-udyoga potAnA paga para ja Ubho rahyo che. Aja sudhI tene sarakAranI koI zubhecchA maLI nathI." muMbaI zaheranA eka pratinidhi zrI ena. ema. DumasiyAe tA. 16 Scanned by CamScanner

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58 paraMparA ane pragati sapTembara, 1925nI sabhAmAM A jakAta rada karavAnI himAyata karatAM kahyuM ke: "dardIno zvAsa baMdha thaI gayA pachI DaoNkaTarane bolAvavAno koI artha nathI. sarakAra kyAM sudhI A udyogane pILyA karaze?" chevaTe kastUrabhAIe carcAmAM bhAga letAM kahyuM ke: "sAmAnya janasamudAya tema tenA cUMTAyelA pratinidhioe A akArI thaI paDelI dhRNAspada jakAtane dUra karavAnI mAgaNI karelI che. chellAM traNa varSathI kApaDa-udyogamAM maMdI AvelI che ne te moTuM nukasAna sahana karI rahela che. paraMtu sarakAre tene mATe moDhAnI mIThAza batAvavAthI vizeSa kazuM karyuM nathI." Arthika kAraNasara A jakAta rada karavAnuM zakya nathI evI sarakAranI dalIlano javAba ApatAM temaNe bhAratanA hitanI paravA karyA vagara sarakAra kevA lakhalUTa kharcA karI rahI hatI tenA dAkhalA ApIne 'mana hoya to mALave javAya' (where there is a will, there is a way) e kahevata TAMkIne sarakAranI dAnata vize zaMkA uThAvI hatI. kastUrabhAIe mUkelA TharAva para mata levAyA. moTI bahumatIthI te TharAva pasAra thayo. eTale chevaTe tA. 1 DisembaranA roja vAisaraoNye vaTahukama bahAra pADIne bhAratanI milomAM utpanna thatA kApaDa paranI AbakArI jakAtano amala sthagita karyo. te pachI 1926nA mArcanI dhArAsabhAmAM tene lagato kAyado ghaDIne trIsa varSathI cAlatI AvelI A anyAyapUrNa jakAta sarakAre vidhipUrvaka nAbUda karI.12 A aitihAsika nirNayamAM kastUrabhAI nimitta banyA e temane mATe tema ja temanA matadAramaMDaLane mATe ochA gauravanI binA na gaNAya. bhAratIya mila-udyoganA itihAsanA A prakaraNa sAthe kastUrabhAInuM nAma hamezAM joDAyeluM raheze. temanI jAhera kArakirdInA ghaDataramAM vaDI dhArAsabhAmAM gALelAM A traNa varSa ghaNAM lAbhadAyI nIvaDyAM hatAM. e daramyAna temane paMDita madanamohana mAlavIya, mahamadaalI jhINA, raMgasvAmI AyaMgara, viThThalabhAI paTela vagere dezanA agraNIonA saMparkamAM AvavAnI taka maLI. sara parazotamadAsa ane mukham ceTTI sAthe to maitrIsaMbaMdha baMdhAI gayo hato. pote svarAja pakSanA vidhisara sabhya thayA nahotA, paraMtu matadAna vakhate acUka svarAja pakSanI sAthe rahetA. madhyastha dhArA Scanned by CamScanner

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vaDI dhArAsabhAmAM 59 sabhAnA adhyakSanI varaNI thaI te vakhate paNa sarakAranI pasaMdagInA raMgAcArInI sAme svarAja pakSanA umedavAra viThThalabhAI paTelane ja temaNe Teko Apyo hato. e cUMTaNImAM viThThalabhAIne 55 ane raMgAcArIne 39 mata maLelA.) Ama. svarAja pakSanI nIti ane bhAvanA sAthe kastUrabhAIe ekAtmatA sAdhI hatI. hadamAM temanI mudata pUrI thaI, tyAre motIlAlajIe temane pramANapatra ApeluM 3. "tame amArI svarAja pArTInA aneka sabhyonA karatAM savAyA svarajisTa cho "13 jANItA akhabAra 'TAimsa oNpha inDiyAe te vakhate vaDI dhArAsabhAnI dharyavAhInI samIkSA karato agralekha lakhyo hato. temAM kasturabhAInAM dhArAsabhAmAMnAM bhASaNone 'muddAsara'ne 'vivekapUrNa kahIne vakhANyAM hatAM. A traNa varSa daramyAna dezanA Arthika ane rAjakIya praznono vyApaka bhUmikA para UMDo abhyAsa karavAnI temane taka maLI. tene pariNAme temaNe je kAmagIrI bajAvI tenAthI temane eka rASTrapremI, lokahitaiSI udyogapati tarIke dezabharamAM khyAti maLI gaI. 1. gAMa 23, pR. 109. 2. mAjI, pR. 138. 3. KD, p. 6. 4. KD, p. 7. 5. KD, p. 7. 6. HICTI, p. 71. 7. HICTI, pp. 79-80. 8. HICTI, pp. 81-82. 9. KD, p. 8. 10. HICTI, p. 74. 11. KD, pp. 8-9. 12. HICTI, pp. 84-85. 13. KD, p. 10. Scanned by CamScanner

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vistaratI kSitijo kApaDa uparanI AbakArI jakAta dUra thayA pachI paNa mila-udyoganI muzkelIo ochI thaI nahotI. briTana ane jApAnano mAla moTA jaththAmAM bhAratamAM AyAta thato hato tenI sarakhAmaNImAM dezI milanuM kApaDa UbhuM rahI zakatuM nahotuM. eTale mila-udyogane rakSaNa ApavA mATe udyogapatio taraphathI sarakAra samakSa vAraMvAra rajUAta thatI hatI. tene pariNAme hiMdI sarakAre tA. 10 jUna, 1926nA roja mila-udyoganI sthitinI tapAsa mATe sara kaeNnka noIsanA adhyakSapade Teripha kamizananI nimaNUka karI hatI. temAM subbArAva ane kaula hiMdI sabhyo hatA. hiMdustAnamAM A udyoga lAMbA vakhatathI sthapAyelo che te jotAM, tema ja vAparanAra sahita tamAmanAM hito lakSamAM letAM, tene rakSaNanI jarUra che ke kema ane hoya to kevA svarUpe ane keTalA samaya sudhI, e aMge kamizane sarakArane bhalAmaNa karavAnI hatI. muMbaI tema ja amadAvAdanA milamAlika maMDaLoe A kamizana samakSa jubAnI ApatAM kApaDa-udyoganI avadazAnAM mukhya traNa kAraNo rajU karyA hatAM: (1) jApAnanA kApaDane A dezanI tema ja paradezanI bajArono ayogya lAbha maLyo che. (2) sarakAre hUMDiyAmaNano dara 1 zi.45 thI vadhArIne 1 zi. 6 pe. karyo tethI A udyogane vadhArAno sADAbAra TakAno phaTako paDayo che. (3) sthAnika tema ja rAjya sarakAranA karanA bhAraNane lIdhe tema ja majUrInA daramAM thayela Scanned by CamScanner

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vistaratI kSitije 61 vadhArAne kae japAdananuM kharca vadhI gayuM che. uMcA uTanA sUtaranA utpAdana Te A maMDaLoe khAsa sahAyanI tema ja AyAta-jalata 11 TakAthI vadhArIne 15 Taka karavAnI mAgaNI paNa karI hatI." - Teripha mizana samakSa muMbaI milamAlika maMDaLa taraphathI sara homI modInA jitva nIce pratinidhimaMDaLe jubAnI ApI hatI. te vakhate amadAvAda milamAvika maMDaLanA pramukha camanalAla giradharalAla pArekha hatA. paraMtu tenA cAra pratinidhibranuM maMDaLa rajUAta karavA gayuM, tenuM netRtva kastUrabhAIne soMpyuM hatuM. bhAIe sAthIone kI rAkheluM ke, pote jubAnI ApatA hoya te vakhate vacce bolIne e khavavI nahaiM, paNa chevaTe je kAMI kahevuM hoya te kahevuM. temaNe kamizana samakSa uparanA muddAonI svasthapaNe sacoTa rajUchAta karI. temAM "kaaNe temanI eka gaMbhIraratacUkathayelI tetarachevaTe temanuM dhyAna sAthIoe auryuM. zreTa bhojananA virAma bAda kamizana pharIthI maLyuM te vakhate pote kahelI trakAmAM rahe gayelI cUka sudhArI. temanA vartana ane vaktavyanI kamizana para suMdara hapa pa hatI. mizananA eka brabhya zrI subbArAve to temane khAnagImAM bolAvIne paNa sucano mAgyAM hatAM. mitrane A rajUAtone AdhAre vicArakkA calAvI ane jApAnathI AvatA kapaDA para cAra TakA vadhu jakata traNa varSa lagI nAkhavAnI ne 1921thI ghaDanI milonI mazIna tathA amuka sTara upara sarakAre nAkhelI jakAtamAMthI milone traNa varSa sudhI mukti ApavAnI bhalAmaNa karI hatI. uparAMta uMcA zrITanA sUtaranA utpAdana mATe vizeSa protsAhana rUpe Arthika sahAya ApavAnI bhalAmaNa paNa hatI. carare AmAMthI eke bhalAmaNano svIkAra karyo nita. bharanA milamAlie sara mI modInA adhyakSapade muMbaImAM sabhA bharIne cazkaranA nirNayanI grAme ugra virodha noMdhAvyo hato. sara homIe bhASaNa mAM kaheluM ke:zavanuM vepAra udyoga khAnuM vepAra ane udyoga sivAya badhAMnAM jinA RNa mATe che. surakaranI A nIti, pragati ane surAjyanI himAyata nAza varganAM kara ne zubhecchA gumAvI besaze tenI sarakArane samaja che bI" kastUrabAI ane camanalAla pArekhe paNa A prasaMge virodhanI tIvra Scanned by CamScanner

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62 paraMparA ane pragati lAgaNI vyakta karI hatI. stUrabhAInI pratiSThA pIDha ane vicakSaNa udyogapati tarIke jAmatI jatI hatI. kApaDa-udyoga muzkelImAMthI pasAra thato hato chatAM azoka ane rAyapura mila temanA dUraMdezI vahIvaTane kAraNe sAro napho karatI hatI. eTale temaNe 1928mAM eka navI mila pAMca lAkha rUpiyAnI zeramUDIthI zarU karI. temanI bhAvanA potAnI traNe bahenonAM kuTuMbane eka eka milanI maeNnejiMga ejansI ApIne kApaDaudyogamAM sthira karavAnI hatI. te anusAra temaNe navI aruNa milsa li.nI sthApanA karIne tenuM sukAna moTAM bahena DAhIbahenanA putrone soMpyuM, jenI peDhI haThIsiMganA nAmathI prasiddha che. e ja rIte 1932mAM nUtana mila zarU karIne nAnAM bahena kAntAbahenanA pati jagAbhAI nANAvaTIne tenI maeNnejiMga ejansI ApelI ane 1937mAM nyU koTana milsano vahIvaTa saMbhALIne bIjAM bahenamANekabahena-nA putrone tenI ejansI seMpI hatI. A traNe milonI 'lAlabhAI gRpamAM gaNanA thAya che, paraMtu tenA zare paranA DiviDanDathI vizeSa Arthika lAbha kastUrabhAI-parivArane tenAthI thato nathI. kastUrabhAInI kuTubavatsalatAnuM A eka ujajavala dRSTAMta gaNAya. 1929mAM jinIvA khAte bharAnAra majUra pariSadamAM milamAlikonA pratinidhi tarIke hAjarI ApavA mATe kastUrabhAIne nimaMtraNa maLyuM hatuM. paNamukham ceTTI temanA salAhakAra tarIke javAnA hatA. barAbara e ja arasAmAM mohinAbAno paga khasI jatAM paDI javAthI sAthaLanA hADakAne IjA pahoMcI hatI. muMbaIthI Do. dezamukhane bolAvIne temanI sAravAra zarU karI hatI. pagane plAsTaramAM mUkyo hato. paraMtu vedanA asahya thavAthI DaoNkaTaranA gayA pachI plAsTara dUra karAvyuM hatuM. tAva paNa raheto hato. kastUrabhAI jinIvA javA mATe nIkaLyA tyAre temane mAtAnI tabiyatanI ciMtA hatI eTale temaNe narottamabhAIne kaheluM ke: "bAne tAva Utaryo ke nahIM tenA samAcAra mane eDana maLe te rIte tAra karajo."eDana pahoMcyA tyAM sudhI tAra maLyo nahIM eTale eDana UtarI gayA ne porabaMdaranA suprasiddha zeTha meghajI petharAjane tyAM rokAyA. 'pariSadamAM javAnuM to aneka vAra thaze; paNa mA cAlyAM jaze to bIjI vAra jovA nahIM maLe.-AvA AvA vicAra AvatA hatA. mana rAmAcAra jANavA adhIruM thaI gayuM hatuM. tyAM tAra maLyo ke: "bAnI tabiyata Scanned by CamScanner

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vistaratI kSitije 63 sudharatI jAya che, tame jinIvA jAo." ciMtA dUra thaI. bIje aThavADiye pI. eNnDa o.nI sTImara AvI tyAre A mAtRbhakta putra jinIvA javA ravAnA thayA. 1931mAM kastUrabhAIe bIjI eka mila UbhI karavAno vicAra karyo. tene mATe pAMca lAkhanI navI mUDI UbhI karavAne badale rAyapura mile pAMca lAkha rUpiyA rokyA ane rAyapura milanA eka zeranI sAme navI araviMda milano eka zera bonasa tarIke rAyapura milanA zeraholDarane ApavAnuM TharAvyuM. e vakhate milanI mazInarInA bajAramAM ghaNI maMdI hatI. teno lAbha levAnA hetuthI kastUrabhAI muMbaI gayA. briTananA mazInarInA vepArI plAnTsa bradharsanA ejanTa tarIke sara nesa vADiyAnI peDhI kAma karatI hatI. kastUrabhAIe temane kahyuM: mane 33 TakA kamizana maLe to mazInarIno moTo oNrDara mUkavA taiyAra chuM." evI nAkhI devAnI vAta na karo. dasa TakA vaLataranI vAta paNa ame Aja sudhImAM kadI svIkArI nathI. tyAM tame 33 TakA mAgo cho!" sara nesa hasIne bolyA. ema haze. paNa AjanA saMjogo judA che. maMdIno vakhata che. ane huM bahu moTo orDara mUkavA mAguM chuM" kastUrabhAIe kahyuM. tamArI ophara svIkArAya ema lAgatuM nathI. chatAM huM plATsane kebala karuM chuM." kastUrabhAI jANatA hatA ke nAno orDara svIkAravAno nathI. moTA oNrDara mATe moTI rakama joIe. tenI vetaraNa emaNe evI yuktithI karI ke oNrDara moTo lAge paNa ekasAthe moTI rakama kADhavI nA paDe. temaNe sara nesane potAnI yojanA samajAvatAM kahyuM: "33 TakA vaLatara ApavA mATe plATsa saMmata thAya to huM eka lAkha trAkazALano orDara mUkavA taiyAra chuM. temAMthI 40,000no pAko oNrDara ane bAkIno oNrDara huM mArI munasaphIe be varSamAM pAko karuM." Ano artha e thayo ke nANAMnI sagavaDa nA thaI zake to pote bAkIno mAla na paNa le. Scanned by CamScanner

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64 paraMparA ane pragati kastUrabhAInI dhAraNA mujaba, maMdInA saMjogo ane moTo orDara joIne plAse temanI oNphara svIkArI. sara nesane ghaNI ja navAI lAgI. temaNe paNa bombe DAIMga mila mATe e ja dhoraNe pacAsa hajAra trAkano orDara mUkyo! ATalA nIcA bhAve A mazInarI pachI kadI vecAI nathI. ekAda varSa bAda kApaDanI milavALA lagabhaga badhAe temanuM anukaraNa karyuM paNa te vakhate bhAva sArI peThe vadhI gayA hatA. lAlabhAI grUpanI badhI milomAM araviMda mila zreSTha gaNAya che. zarUAtathI ja tene anukULa saMjogo, kastUrabhAInI anubhavI ane pakava buddhinuM mArgadarzana ne kAryadakSa vahIvaTano lAbha maLyo che. ahIM paNa kastUrabhAIe UMcI jAtanuM rU. vAparavAno ane uttama guNavattAvALuM kApaDa utpanna karavAno Agraha rAkhyo hato. bIjA vizvayuddha daramyAna ijipziyana rUnI kiMmata traNathI cAragaNI vadhI gaI hatI chatAM te vakhate paNa temaNe rUnI jAtamAM pheraphAra karyo nahIM. Ane lIdhe araviMda milanA kApaDanI mAga vadhatI ja rahI ane dezanI TocanI milomAM tene sthAna maLyuM. udyogapati tarIke temanuM dRSTilaka bahoLA saMparka ane vizALa anubhave vistaratuM jatuM hatuM. audyogika sAhasanI saphaLatAnuM rahasya samajAvatAM araviMda milanA saMdarbhamAM ja temaNe eka vAra kaheluM ke: "udyoga nAkhavA ke calAvavA pAchaLano Azaya mAtra napho karavAno hovo joIe nahIM, paraMtu temAM kAme lagADavAmAM AvelA kAmadArone temane maLatA pagAro ane temanA tarapha rakhAtI vartaNUkathI saMtoSa thAya te jovAvuM joIe. grAhakane tene maLatA mAlanI jAtathI saMtoSa maLavo joIe ane vahIvaTakartAonuM dhyeya dezanA Arthika ane rAjakIya jIvanamAM thatA pheraphArone susaMgata rahevAnuM hovuM joIe. jo koI paNa sAhasa A udezone agrasthAna Ape to tenuM saphaLatApUrvaka saMcAlana karavuM saraLa thaI paDe." araviMda mila sthapAI tene bIje ja varSe tene eka atyaMta bAhoza ane kAryadakSa vahIvaTadAra (administrator) maLI gayA e paNa eka suyoga thayo. 1932mAM paMDita madanamohana mAlavIya banArasa hiMdu yunivarsiTI mATe phaMDa ekaThuM karavA amadAvAda AvyA hatA. kasturabhAIe temanI sAthe pharIne sArI rakama ekaThI karI ApI hatI. e vakhate paMDitajInI sAthe eka pacIsa-chavIsa Scanned by CamScanner

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vistaratI kSitije 5 to javAna temanA aMgata madadanIza tarIke Avelo. kastUrabhAInI najara tenA para karI. mAlavIyajIe tenI oLakhANa karAvI: "A mi. bI. ke. majumadAra. yunivarsiTImAM arthazAstranA vyAkhyAtA che. bI. eca. yu.nA ema. e. ane laMDana skUla oNpha ikonomiksanA bI.koma. che. honahAra juvAna che." kasturabhAIe bIje divase bI. ke. majumadArane ekavA bolAvyA. "milanI lAinamAM AvavuM che?" "prayoga karI joIe. zuM kAma karavAnuM?" milanA sekreTarInuM." "anubhava nathI." "zIkhI levAnuM." "bhale." mAsika aDhIso rUpiyAnA pagArathI temaNe balubhAI majumadArane sekreTarI tarIke nImyA. baMne pakSe traNa varSano maukhika karAra hato. na phAve to baMne chUTA. zarUAtamAM temaNe ejanTanA sekreTarI tarIke kAma karyuM. aMgrejImAM patravyavahAra karavAnuM ane hisAba aMgrejImAM lakhAyo hoya tene gujarAtImAM utAravAnuM kAma temane soMpAyuM. thoDA vakhatamAM temaNe milanA vahIvaTanuM kAma evI sarasa rIte upADI lIdhuM ke kasturabhAInA parama vizvAsane pAtra, jamaNA hAtha jevA thaI paDyA. dasakA pachI amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTInI eca. ela. koleja oNpha kaoNmarsanA prinsipAlanI jagA khAlI paDI. te jagA mATe temane pUchavAmAM AveluM. bI. ke.e kasturabhAIne pUchayuM tyAre javAba maLyo: "A lAInamAM ja tamAro abhyadaya che." eka vAra bI. ke. majumadArane A lakhanAre pUchayuM: "tame zikSaNanuM kSetra choDIne A udyoganuM kSetra kema pasaMda karyuM?" "kharuM kahuM? ekeDemika lAinamAM mAruM gajuM nathI ema mane e vakhate lAgeluM." "emAM tamArI jAtane tame anyAya karyo hoya ema nathI lAgatuM?" "huM bI. eca. yu.mAM joDAyo tyAre Do. vI. ke. Ara. vI. rAva, Do. siddhAMta Scanned by CamScanner

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66 paraMparA ane pragati ane Do. AI. jI. paTela jevA mAMdhAtAo tyAM arthazAstranA adhyApako hatA. temanI spardhAmAM mArA viSayamAM huM nahIM TakI zakuM evI lAgaNI e vakhate thayelI. eTale A kSetramAM jhaLakavAnI IcchA jAgI." kastUrabhAIe koThAsUjhathI A ratna pArakhyuM. majumadAre temane cArasADAcAra dAyakA sudhI uttama sevA ApI. khAsa karIne, AgaLa joIzuM tema, atulanI sthApanA ane tenA kuzaLa saMcAlanano yaza balubhAIne jAya che. temanA puruSArthanI pAchaLa niSThA, buddhizakti, hiMmata, ni:svArthatA, sAhasikatA ane sauthI vizeSa dRSTimaMtatAe atulane AMtararASTrIya khyAti apAve tevI saphaLatA hAMsala karI ApI che. tene kAraNe Aje nivRttimAM paNa teo samagra udyogaparivAranA mAnanA adhikArI banyA che. evA ja bIjA zaktizALI adhikArI kastUrabhAIne prApta thayA te sva. caMdraprasAda desAI. teo paNa zikSaka ja hatA. ane e hesiyate ja kastUrabhAI sAthe temane paricaya thayelo. zarUAtamAM temane rAyapura milamAM mUkelA. traNa varSa bAda araviMda milamAM AsisTaMTa selsamena tarIke temane nImyA.te vakhate majumadAra te milanA sekreTarI hatA. caMdraprasAda atyaMta prAmANika ane tejasvI buddhivALA taravariyA juvAna hatA. kApaDanI jAta ane guNavattAnI parakhamAM temano joTo na maLe. kApaDa joIne tenI kiMmata, vecANa vagereno aMdAja kADhI Ape. kApaDa para aMkuza Avyo te vakhate sarakAre nImelI samitinA te adhyakSa hatA.aMkuzita kApaDanA bhAva caMdraprasAda nakkI karatA. kArIgaro pratye udAra ane premabharyuM vartana rAkhe; tethI majUromAM priya thaI paDelA. temano vyavahAra svamAnapUrNa ane zistabaddha hato. junavANI dalAlo ane vepArIo sAthe koI vAra saMgharSa thato. AthI milamAM utpAdana ane vecANanAM ekamone ekabIjAthI alaga rAkhyAM hatAM. kastUrabhAInI chAyAnI mAphaka temanI nIti, paddhati ane yojanAo sAthe teo ekAtmatA sAdhI zakyA hatA. eka vAra amuka kAraNe temane zeTha sAthe manadu:kha thayuM. rAjInAmuM lakhIne mokalI ApyuM. zeThe te phADI nAkhyuM ane pagAramAM temane icchA mujaba AMkaDo mUkavA kahyuM. svabhAve te laherI ane "kalaba lAiphanA rasiyA hatA. 1960nA arasAmAM temane hRdayarogano humalo thayelo. pachI tA. 19 phebruArI 1969nA roja savAre koIka lagna-samAraMbhamAM hAjarI ApIne Scanned by CamScanner

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vistI kSitije 60 pAchA pharatAM baMgalAnA kampAunDamAM ja gADI UbhI rAkhI tyAM dhorI nasa tUTavAthI gADImAM ja karuNa avasAna thayeluM. bI. ke. majumadAra ane caMdraprasAda desAI udyogapati kasturabhAInA be majabUta bAhu jevA hatA. udyogavikAsanI yojanAo ghaDavAmAM ane teno kAryakSama amala karI dhAryuM pariNAma lAvavAmAM A be bAhoza adhikArIono moTo hisso che. jAhera samAraMbhomAM tema anyatra kasturabhAI namrabhAve A be sAthIonuM smaraNa karIne temanA RNano svIkAra karatA rahyA che. TIpa 1. HICTI, pp. 88-89. 2. 1926mAM jApAnathI hiMdustAnamAM 23 karoDa 28 lAkha vAra kApaDa AvyuM hatuM te vadhIne 1927mAM 33 karoDa 20 lAkha vAra thayuM hatuM ema sara homI modIe tA. 12-3-28nA roja muMbaI milamAlika maMDaLanI vArSika sabhAmAM adhyakSapadethI bolatAM samajAvyuM hatuM. juo HICTI, p. 93. 3. HICTI, p. 90. 4. HICTI, p. 91. 5. KD, p. 11. 6. HICTI, pp. 93-94. 7. KD II, p. 4. 8. KD, p. 16. 9. KD, p. 20. Scanned by CamScanner

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vATAghATa ane viziSTa gAMdhIjIe vilAyatI mAlanA bahiSkAranuM AMdolana upADyuM hatuM tene pariNAme leMkezAyarathI AyAta thatA kApaDamAM moTo ghaTADo thayo hato. bIjI bAju jApAna rUno moTo jaththo hiMdustAnamAMthI meLavIne tyAM sutarAu kApaDano jaththAbaMdha nikAsa karatuM hatuM. briTana hiMdustAnamAM vepArI lAbha meLavavA khUba Atura hatuM. eTale tenI carcA karavA mATe 1933mAM simalAmAM tripakSI pariSada bolAvavAmAM AvI. temAM hiMdI vepAra-udyoga mahAmaMDaLanA pratinidhi tarIke lAlA zrIrAma, devIprasAda maitAna ane kastUrabhAIne pasaMda karavAmAM AvyA hatA. sara homI modI ane ekabe bIjA muMbaI milamAlika maMDaLa taraphathI AvyA hatA. carcAmAM sara homI modI ane kastUrabhAI sAmasAme AvI gayA. e vakhate paradezI mAlanI AyAta para paMdara TakA jakAta hatI. sara homInI icchA tene ghaTADavAnI hatI. kastUrabhAI ane temanA sAthIoe kahyuM ke A dezanA mila-udyogane hAni na pahoMce e zarate AyAta-jakAta ghaTADavI hoya to ghaTADo. sara homI modIe devIprasAda svaitAnane potAnA pakSamAM levAnI peravI karavA mAMDI. lAlA zrIrAma ane kasturabhAI mUMjhAyA. lAlAjIe rasto kADhyo. temaNe kastUrabhAIne kahyuM: "dhanazyAmadAsa biralAne dilhI vAta karo ke devIprasAda maitAna ApaNo pakSa na choDe." Scanned by CamScanner

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vATAghATa ane viSTi 69 karabhAIe biralAjInuM dabANa lAvIne devIprasAdane potAnA pakSamAM AvI rAkhyA. eTale homI modI samAdhAna karavA taiyAra thayA. hoTela sesilamAM tamI modIno mukAma hato. tyAM pheMkezAyaranA pratinidhi sara viliyama kaoNra-lIsa, kasturabhAI ane modI maMtraNA mATe maLyA. huM lekezAyarane madada karavAnI viruddha nathI. paNa te hiMdustAnanI milone bhoge na banavuM joIe."--kastUrabhAIe sara viliyamane spaSTa kahyuM. e zI rIte bane?" sara viliyame pUchyuM. "atyAre lekezAyaranA kApaDanI AyAta sarerAza 35 karoDa vAra che. dezI milonA utpAdana uparAMta 40 karoDa vAra kApaDa jApAnathI Ave che. tamArA kApaDanI AyAta 70 karoDanI karIe to amArI milone tenI viparIta asara na thAya. pachI AyAta-jakAtamAM vAjabI ghaTADo karo to mane vAMdho nathI." kastUrabhAIe samajAvyuM. * sara viliyama laeNra-lIsane A samAdhAna gaLe UtaryuM paNa temaNe briTiza TreDa kamizanara sara thomasa eInsakonane A hakIkata kahI tyAre temaNe kahyuM: hiMdustAnamAM briTiza imporTano kavoTA nakkI thAya ene huM muddale svIkAruM nahIM; chatAM tamAro Agraha hoya to borDa opha TreDanA sekreTarI mi. remanDa sTrITane kebala A saMjogomAM kastUrabhAInI darakhAsta svIkArAI nahIM paNa tethI te nAsIpAsa thayA nahIM. temaNe modIne kahyuM: "huM bIjI yojanA ghaDI kADhIza. ApaNe muMbaImAM maLIe tyAM sudhI chevaTano nirNaya na lezo." - simalAthI dilhI AvyA. vAisaraoNye jANeluM ke A mAmalAmAM kastUrabhAI virodha kare che. eTale potAnI vaga vAparavA vAisaraoNye temane maLavA AvavAno saMdezo sekreTarI mAraphate mokalyo. kastUrabhAIe sekreTarIne kahyuM : "nAmadAra vAisaraoNyane maLatAM mane khUba AnaMda thaze. paraMtu teozrI meM je darakhAsta rajU karI che tenI vicAraNA kare. mArI darakhAsta hiMda ane laeN kezAyara baMnenA hitamAM che." A javAba pachI mulAkAta goThavAI nahIM. allAhAbAda khAte kRSNA ane rAja haThIsiMganAM lagnamAM hAjarI ApIne kastUrabhAI dilhI AvatA pahelAM muMbaI gayA. tyAM epha. I. dinazA ane bIjA be muMbaInA milamAlikone Scanned by CamScanner

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70 paraMparA ane pragati maLIne potAnI vAta karI. teo saMmata thayA. te parathI lAgatuM hatuM ke sara homInI yojanA saphaLa thaze nahIM. paraMtu chevaTe muMbaI milamAlika maMDaLanA TekAthI sara homInI darakhAsta pasAra thaI gaI. laMkezAyarathI AyAta thatA mAlanA jaththAmAM ghaTADo karyA vagara jakAtamAM ghaTADo karavAno karAra nakkI thayo, je pAchaLathI modI-lIsa karAra tarIke oLakhAyo. madhyastha dhArAsabhAmAM AnI sAme ugra virodha thayo, paraMtu sarakAre tenI darakAra karI nahIM. joke A karArathI leMkezAyarane dhAryA pramANe phAyado thayo nahIM. 1933thI 1939 daramiyAna leMkezAyare hiMdustAnamAM nikAsa karela kApaDa sarerAza 35 karoDa vArathI vadhyuM nahotuM.' A prasaMgathI kastUrabhAIne rASTrIya hita joIne videzI maMDaLo sAthe viSTi karanAra udyogapati tarIke sArI pratiSThA maLI. 1934-35nA varSa mATe hiMdI vepAra-udyoga mahAmaMDaLanA pramukha tarIke temanI varaNI thaI. te ja varSe amadAvAda milamAlika maMDaLanA pramukha tarIke paNa teo cUMTAyA. vaLI e ja varSamAM (1934) jinIvA khAte bharAnAra lebara konpharansamAM bhAratanA udyogapationA pratinidhi tarIke mokalavA sAru temane bIjI vAra pasaMda karavAmAM AvyA. A takano lAbha laIne temaNe kuTuMba sAthe yuropanI musApharI goThavI hatI. 1935nI Akhare modI-lIsa karAranI mudata pUrI thatI hatI. briTiza sarakAre jApAna sAthe hiMdanA vepAranA karAra karelA. A baMne karArone dhArAkIya svarUpa ApavA mATe madhyastha dhArAsabhAmAM sarakAra taraphathI kharaDo rajU thayo hato. te vakhate vepAramaMtrI sara josepha bhore A baMne karAranI hiMdanA vepAra para thatI asarane lakSamAM rAkhIne temAM sudhArA sUcavavA mATe bIjuM Teripha kamizana tA. 10 sapTembara, 1935nA roja nImyuM hatuM. A kamizane briTanamAMthI hiMdustAnamAM AyAta thatA sutarAu kApaDa, sUtara, banAvaTI rezama ane tenA mizraNathI thayela kApaDanA vepAramAM hiMdustAnanA udyogane yogya rakSaNa ApavA aMge bhalAmaNa karavAnI hatI. ahIM 'yogya rakSaNa'no artha "hiMdustAnamAM utpanna thatI vastuo sAthe briTanathI AyAta thatI te te vastunI vecANa-kiMmata sarakhI rahe te rIte jAtanuM mALakhuM goThavavuM" evI spaSTatA paNa karavAmAM AvI hatI. kamizananA adhyakSapade sara eNlekajhAnDara mare hatA. bIjA be hiMdI sabhyo hatA temAMnA eka sara rAmasvAmI mudaliyAra hatA. Scanned by CamScanner

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P Scanned by CamScanner 1933nI sAlamAM pheDarezana opha inDiyana cembarsa opha kaoNmarsa eNnDa inDasTrI (FICCI)nI sabhAmAM zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI vAisa presiDanTa tarIke juo pR. 70

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Scanned by CamScanner InDasTrIyala ke DITa eNnDa InvesTamenTa kaoNrporezana oNpha inDiyAmAMthI DirekTara tarIke nivRtta thayA tyAre yojAyelA samAraMbhamAM zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI vidAyapravacana karI rahyA che. (DAbethI jamaNI bAja) zrI gaganavihArI mahetA, | zrI eca. TI. pArekha ane zrI je. Ara. DI. tAtA

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vATAghATa ane viSTi 71 A muddAonA saMdarbhamAM kamizane hiMdustAnanI milonI paristhitinI tapAsa karavAnI hatI. tenI vizeSatA e hatI ke temAM leMkezAyaranuM pratinidhimaMDaLa paNa rajUAta karavAnuM hatuM, eTaluM ja nahi, ahIMnI milonA pratinidhio jabAnI Ape tyAre briTiza pratinidhione hAjara rahevAnI paNa chUTa hatI. kamizane pahelAM muMbaI milamAlika maMDaLanA pratinidhionI rajUAta sAMbhaLI. temaNe hiMdI udyoganA kamika vikAsane lakSamAM rAkhIne AyAta jakAtano dara nakkI karavAnuM sUcavyuM. jADA ane madhyama baranA sutarAu tema ja rezamI ane mizrA jAta uparanI jakAta yathAvat rAkhavAnI ane jhINA sUtaramAMthI banAvela kApaDa paranI jakAta vadhAravAnI paNa rajUAta karI hatI. kamizane pachI amadAvAdanI mulAkAta lIdhI. temanA kAryakramamAM milonI vAstavika paristhitino yathArtha khyAla maLe te mATe milamAlika maMDaLe amadAvAdanI amuka milonI mulAkAto paNa goThavI hatI. temAM araviMda milano paNa samAveza thayelo hato. kastUrabhAIe kamizana ane leMkezAyaranuM pratinidhimaMDaLa araviMda milanI mulAkAte alaga alaga Ave te rIte goThavyuM hatuM. baMne maMDaLo araviMda milano vahIvaTa, kAmagIrI ane vyavasthA joIne prabhAvita thayAM hatAM. jubAnI ApatI vakhate kastUrabhAIe kaheluM ke, jhINA kAunTanA kApaDa mATe hiMdI milone paradezathI thatI AyAtanI sAme rakSaNa ApavAmAM Ave to ja te nabhI zake ema che. tarata ja sAmo prazna puchAyo: "araviMda jevI milane paNa rakSaNanI jarUra paDe?" ne "mAruM kahevAnuM e ja che ke araviMda jevI milane paNa rakSaNa vinA cAle nahIM evI amArI paristhiti che." kastUrabhAIe temanI ja dalIlano temanI sAme upayoga karavAnI taka lIdhI. A vakhate teo leMkezAyaranA pratinidhimaMDaLanA netA eMgasa kempabela ane maMtrI sara remanDa sTrITanA paricayamAM AvyA. kastUrabhAIe emane mitrabhAve salAha paNa ApI: "laMkezAyara sarakArI rAhe mila-udyogano saMparka sAdhavA prayatna karaze tenAthI koI artha saraze nahIM. jo tamAre A bAbatamAM kharekhara AgaLa vadhavuM hoya to parazotamadAsa ThAkoradAsa, ghanazyAmadAsa biralA ke mArA jevA rASTrIya dRSTibiMdu dharAvanAra udyoga-sAhasikono saMparka sAdhavo joIe." Scanned by CamScanner

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72 paraMparA ane pragati kastUrabhAInuM A sUcana samayasaranuM hatuM. 1936mAM jyAre hiMda ane briTananI vacce vepArI saMbaMdho aMge vATAghATo karavA mATe sAta mANasonI samiti nImavAnuM nakkI thayuM tyAre temAM temaNe gaNAvela traNe udyogapationo samAveza karavAmAM Avyo hato. bIjA Teripha kamizanano riporTa 25 jUna, 1936nA roja prasiddha thayo, temAM briTanamAMthI AyAta thatA chApelA sivAyanA kApaDanI pAMca TakA jakAta ghaTADavAnI bhalAmaNa hatI. muMbaInI milonI sthiti ghasAro ane vyAjane pahoMcI vaLe eTalo napho karI zake evI nathI e matalabanI noMdha paNa kamizane karelI. sarakAre tA. 2-6-1936nA roja e bhalAmaNo pheraphAra vinA svIkArI. muMbaI milamAlika maMDaLanA pramukha sara viThThala caMdAvarakare Teripha kamizananA A nirNaya aMge nAkhuzI vyakta karatAM maMDaLanI sAmAnya sabhAmAM tA. 10-3-37nA roja kaheluM ke "kApaDa-udyoganA mArA briTiza mitrone yAda devarAvuM ke briTana hiMdI rU upara jeTaluM kharca kare che tenAthI anekagaNuM vadhAre hiMdustAna briTiza kApaDa ane sUtaranI AyAta para kharca kare che." briTiza zAsakonI nIti Ama dekhItI rIte ja vepArI karAramAM bhAratanA bhoge briTanane phAyado karI ApavAnI hatI. 1936mAM hiMda sarakAre sara mohamada jhapharallAkhAnanA adhyakSapade bhArata ane briTana vaccenA vepAra aMge bhalAmaNa karavA eka samiti nImI hatI. sara pI. TI, ghanazyAmadAsa biralA, liyAkataalI khAna, saradAra dAtArasiMga, sara eDavarDa benthola, parAkImeDInA rAjA ane kastUrabhAI e samitinA sabhyo hatA. sara pI. TI, biralA ane kastUrabhAIerASTrIya dRSTibiMdu rajU karIne te pramANe bhalAmaNo karAvavAno nizcaya karyo hato. te pramANe traNe mitro maLIne samitinI noMdhamAM jarUrI sudhArAo sUcavatA hatA. cha mahinA sudhI samitie ahIM carcA karI; pachI 1937nA memAM samiti iMgleMDa gaI. paralokImeDInA rAjAne badale madrAsathI koI vyaktine mUkavAmAM AvelI. dAtArasiMga ane liyAkataalI khAnane kasturabhAI ane temanA be mitro potAnA pakSamAM rAkhI zakyA hatA. leMkezAyaranA udyogapationA pratinidhi tarIke lorDa DarbI hatA. temaNe potAne ghera samitinA sabhyone khANA mATe nimaMtryA hatA. temAM cAra bhUtapUrva vAisaraoNyone paNa Scanned by CamScanner

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vATAghATa ane viTi 73 nimaMtrelA. leMkezAyaranI icchA bhArata sAthenA kApaDanA vepAramAM vadhumAM vadhu TachATo meLavavAnI hatI. samiti cAra mahinA sudhI tyAM rahI. briTananA borDa oka TeDanA sabhyo sAthe lAMbI masalato karI. ane chevaTe bhalAmaNo karavAnI AvI tyAre sabhyo be pakSamAM sarakhe bhAge vaheMcAI gayA. eka bAju saraMpI.TI, biralA, kastUrabhAI ane liyAkataalI khAna ane bIjI bAju bAkInA cAra sabhyo.6 sarakAre potAnuM tamAma vajana svAbhAvika rIte ja leMkezAyaranA pallAmAM nAkhIne AyAta-jakAta ghaTADIne sADAbAra TakAnI nakkI karatuM sudhAreluM inDiyana Teraka bila mA ane eprilanI dilahI dhArAsabhAmAM udyogamaMtrI sara mohamada jhapharallAkhAna pAse rajU karAvyuM. baMne vakhata cUMTAyelA sabhyoe bahumatIthI nAmaMjUra karatAM sarakAre upalI sabhAmAM pasAra karAvIne potAnI sattAthI me 1939mAM tene kAyadAnuM svarUpa ApyuM. ATaluM karavA chatAM 192thI 1939 sudhInAM dasa varSa daramyAna leMkezAyarane bhAgye ja kazo phAyado thayo haze. dezamAM vAtAvaraNa vilAyatI kApaDanI viruddha hatuM. briTiza kApaDanI AyAta A dasa varSamAM uttarottara ghaTatI gaI hatI; tene mukAbale jApAnI kapaDanI AyAta vadhI hatI. paradezI kApaDanI AyAta dasakAnA AraMbhamAM hatI te dasakAne aMte ghaTIne trIjA bhAganI thaI gaI hatI, jyAre dezI milomAM thatuM kApaDanuM utpAdana bamaNuM thayuM hatuM. 1938nA unALAmAM kastUrabhAI simalA havAphera mATe gayA hatA. pAchA vaLavAnI taiyArImAM hatA evAmAM temane narottamabhAIno tAra maLyo: "jaladI Avo; sArAbhAI DAhyAbhAIe azoka milanA eka kArakunane phoDIne hajAro zeranI banAvaTI rasIdo rajU karIne chetarapiMDI karI che." kastUrabhAI amadAvAda pahoMcyA. dAdAsAheba mAvaLaMkare samajAvyuM ke AvA chetarapiMDIvALA vyavahAra mATe azoka mila ke tenA ejanTa javAbadAra gaNAya nahIM. Ama chatAM bajAra upara tenI asara thayA vagara rahI nahIM. azoka mila moTI nukasAnImAM UtarI paDI che evI aphavAo jozamAM cAlI. e vakhate kastUrabhAInA vahIvaTamAM sAta milo hatI. temAM Azare eka karoDa ne cALIsa lAkha rUpiyAnI thApaNo hatI. aphavAne kAraNe thApaNa mUkanArA gabharAIne pAkatI rakama pAchI levA AvavA lAgyA. mila taraphathI tenI samayasara cUkavaNI karavAnI vyavasthA goThavAI gaI. Scanned by CamScanner

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74 paraMparA ane pragati traNa mahinA sudhI A pramANe cAlyuM. pachI lokone vizvAsa beTho eTale thApaNa cAlu rAkhavA pAchA AvavA lAgyA. e ja sArAbhAI DAhyAbhAI ane kastUrabhAInA banevI pratApasiMga mohanalAla zeTha ANaMdajI kalyANajInI peDhI. sAthe rUpiyA 75,000nI ThagAI karI hatI. sArAbhAI DAhyAbhAI sAthe kastUrabhAIne maitrIsaMbaMdha hato. dAdAsAheba mAvaLaMkare kastUrabhAIne te baMnenI sAme phojadArI kesa karavA salAha ApI. paNa te pahelAM sArAbhAIe jhera pIne ApaghAta karyo. pachI rahyA kastUrabhAInA banevI pratApasiMga. temane mATe dharmasaMkaTa hatuM. chatAM jAhera saMsthA pratyenI potAnI pharajane dhyAnamAM rAkhIne pratApasiMganI sAme kastUrabhAIe TrasTa taraphathI phariyAda nedhAvI. pratApasigane eka varSanI jelanI sajA thaI. Ane lIdhe temanAM kAkI kastUrabhAI upara khUba gusse thayelAM. paNa ekAda varSa pachI kastUrabhAInI zuddha niSThAnI khAtarI thatAM temaNe bhatrIjAne mAphI bakSI hatI. A ghaTanAmAM kastUrabhAInI dhIraja ane hiMmatanI kasoTI thaI. jAhera hita jotAM potAnA sagAne paNa doSita hoya to sajA karAvavA jAhera kAryakartAe AgaLa AvavAnI naitika hiMmata dAkhavavI joIe te kastUrabhAIe upara darzAvela ThagAInA kissAmAM potAnA vartanathI siddha karI ApyuM hatuM. rijharva beMkanA DirekTara tarIke kastUrabhAI 1937mAM cUMTAyelA. 1938mAM beMkanA gavarnara sara jemsa Telara cAra divasanI TUMkI mAMdagI bhogavIne ekAeka mRtyu pAmyA. temanI jagAe gavarnaranI nimaNUka karavA mATe borDa opha DirekTarsanI sabhA thaI. temAM sara pI. TI., lAlA zrIrAma vagere agraNI udyogapatio upasthita hatA. kastUrabhAIe yogya hiMdIne gavarnarapade nImavo joIe evo Agraha darzAvyo ne kahyuM: "sarakArane gavarnaranI nimaNUka karavAnI sattA che e kabUla; paNa kAyadAnI jogavAI mujaba borDa opha DirekTarsanI saMmatithI niyukti thAya che. amAruM dRDha maMtavya che ke A jagA para hiMdInI nimaNUka karavI joIe." e vakhate reIsamena nANAMmaMtrI hatA. temanI icchA sara jemsa TelaranI jagA para aMgrejane lAvavAnI hatI. kastUrabhAIe temane maLIne borDanuM dRSTibiMdu samajAvyuM. chevaTe temaNe potAnI icchA jatI karIne te vakhatanA DepyuTI gavarnara sara cintAmaNa dezamukhanI gavarnarapade niyukti karI Ama, eka hiMdIne sauprathama Scanned by CamScanner

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Scanned by CamScanner zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI, rijharva baeNnka oNpha inDiyAnA prathama hindI gavarnara sara citAmaNa dezamukha ane DirekaTaro sAthe, juo pR. 74

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Scanned by CamScanner gujarAtanA bhUtapUrva mukhya pradhAna zrI hitendrabhAI desAI tathA bhAratanAM vaDA pradhAna zrImatI indirA gAMdhI sAthe zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI temanA nivAsasthAne zAhIbAgamAM

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vATAghATa ane viTi 75 rijharva beMkanA gavarnarane sthAne mukavavAmAM kastUrabhAIno mukhya puruSArtha hato. 1943mAM rijharva beMkanA borDa oNpha DirekaTarsanI sAmAnya sabhA hatI. mAM kasturabhAI hAjara rahI zakelA nahIM. gavarnara sara cintAmaNa dezamukhe beMkanA makAnanI DijhAina taiyAra karavA mATe eka briTiza peDhIne nImavAno prastAva makelo te sabhAe maMjUra karelo. pachInI sabhAmAM kastUrabhAIe bI.ema. biralAnA TekAthI e mudo pharI Ubho karyo ane bhArapUrvaka rajUAta karI ke bhAratamAM A kArya mATe zaktizALI sthapatio upalabdha hovA chatAM briTiza peDhIne zA mATe niyukta karavAmAM Ave che? lAMbI carcAne aMte borDane AgalI sabhAmAM karelo ? TharAva rada karavo paDelo ne mesarsa sAThe enDa bhUtAnI peDhIne DijhAina banAvavAnuM kAma soMpAyuM hatuM." - rASTrIya hita jALavavA mATe temanAmAM keTalI sajAgatA hatI ane paradezI * zAsako samakSa tenI rajUAta karavAnI kevI hiMmata hatI te A be prasaMgo parathI joI zakAya che. pIDha udyogapati uparAMta vicakSaNa viSTikAra tarIke atyAra sudhImAM kastUrabhAIe bhAratanI paradezI sarakAra para sAro prabhAva pADyo jaNAya che. kAraNa ke uparano prasaMga banyo te arasAmAM ja sarakAre ijipta sAthe rUnA vepAra aMge vATAghATa karavA mATe eka pratinidhimaMDaLa molyuM, temAM kastUrabhAIno samAveza karyo hato. temanA uparAMta A pratinidhimaMDaLamAM pI. sI. caudharI ane eka AI. sI. esa. adhikArI rAmacaMdrana hatA. - 1942-43mAM bhArate ijipta pAsethI eka lAkha gAMsaDI rU kharIdyuM hatuM. e vakhate rUnA bhAva thoDA vadhyA hatA. briTiza sarakArane A mAphaka Ave tevuM nahotuM, eTale rUnI kharIdI para pratibaMdha mUkavA ane je mAla kharIdAyo hoya tenI AyAta aTakAvavA sAru briTiza sarakAre bhArata sarakAra para dabANa karyuM. bhAratanA mila-udyoge A anyAyI ceSTA sAme sakhata virodha noMdhAvyo. A vAjabI virodhane hiMda sarakArathI nakArI zakAya tema nahotuM. eTale briTiza sarakAra sAthe vATAghATo calAvIne chevaTe sarakAre ema nakkI karyuM ke briTiza ane amerikana pratinidhimaMDaLanI sAthe A bAbata vATAghATo karavA mATe hiMdI pratinidhimaMDaLane kero mokalavuM. Scanned by CamScanner

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76 paraMparA ane pragati te nirNaya anusAra hiMdI pratinidhimaMDaLa gvAliyarathI beharina, basarA ane hubAniyA thaIne kero javA UpaDyuM. kero pahoMcatAM be divasa thayA. nAIlanA vimAnI mathake briTiza pratinidhi mi. jahonasane temanuM svAgata karyuM. zepaDjha hoTelamAM mukAma karyo. jahonasananI ophisamAM vATAghATo cAlI. temAM amerikana pratinidhi paNa hAjara hatA. ijiptanA rUnI kharIdImAM zo pheraphAra karIe to bhAva vadhavA na pAme?" jahonasane zarUAta karI. "Apano zo khyAla che?" kastUrabhAIe sAmuM pUchayuM. "huM mAnuM chuM ke sIdhI kharIdI karavAne badale tamArA dezanI milo rUnI kharIdI briTananI mAraphate kare to phAyado thAya." jahonasane kahyuM. kone phAyado thAya te kastUrabhAI sArI rIte jANatA hatA. paNa temaNe carcAne tyAM ja aTakAvIne kahI dIdhuM: "juo, mi. jahonasana, jyAM sudhI ame kharIdeluM eka lAkha gAMsaDI rU amArA dezamAM ravAnA karavA devAmAM na Ave tyAM sudhI bhaviSyanI kharIdI aMge koI carcA karavA ame taiyAra nathI." "e nahIM banI zake" jahonasane sakhatAIthI javAba Apyo. amerikana pratinidhie temAM sUra purAvyo. tarata ja kastUrabhAI ane temanA sAthIo UbhA thaI gayA ane temanI hoTela para pAchA gayA. pelA bee dhAreluM nahIM ke A loko A rIte sabhAtyAga karIne cAlyA jaze. bIje divase savAre agiyAra vAgye kastUrabhAIne maLavA mATe honasane saMdezo mokalyo. pharI carcA cAlI. chevaTe bhArate kharIdeluMrU upADe te mATe baMne pratinidhione saMmata thavuM paDyuM. pachI kastUrabhAIe vAta AgaLa calAvatAM kahyuM : tamArI mAphaka ame paNa zakya teTalA sastA bhAve rU kharIdavA mAgIe chIe. paraMtu tene mATe baMne pakSe sIdho vyavahAra karavAnI chUTa hovI joIe. vacce koI trIjAnI daramyAnagIrI na hovI joIe." "e kevI rIte bane?" "tene mATe mArI pAse yojanA che. bhArata eka aThavADiyAmAM be hajAra Scanned by CamScanner

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vATAghATa ane viSTi gAMsaDIthI vadhu rU ijipta pAsethI kharIde nahIM. tenA bhAva agAuthI nakkI thAya ane tAra sensara thAya che eTale briTana, amerikA ane bhArate sarvasaMmatithI TharAvela bhAvanA karatAM UMcA bhAva oNphara karavAnI maMjUrI koI milane ApavAmAM Ave nahIM." 60 A yojanA temaNe svIkArI eTale pachInA sodA aMge sahIsikkA thayA. Ama, eka mahattvanI kAmagIrI saphaLatApUrvaka patAvIne kastUrabhAI ane caudharI eNlekajhAnDriyA gayA ne ijipziyana kaoNTana eNsosiyezananA pratinidhione maLyA. cha mahinA sudhI sodAno mAla bhArate upADayo nahIM tethI temane vImA, vyAja ane jALavaNI aMge vadhArAno kharca thayo evI ijiptanA pratinidhioe phariyAda karI. "tamArI phariyAda sAcI che. tame gaNAveluM vadhArAnuM kharca amAre ApavuM ja joIe; paraMtu sAthe sAthe cha mahinA daramyAna sTImarano mAlanI herapherano dara ghaTyo che te taphAvata tamAre amane majare Apavo paDe." kastUrabhAIe kahyuM. temanI vAta ijiptanA pratinidhioe svIkArI. sTImaranA mAlanI herapheranA dara eTalA badhA ghaTayA hatA ke vImo, vyAja vagerenuM kharca ApatAMye saravALe rU bhAratane sodAnA bhAva karatAMye sastuM paDyuM. kastUrabhAIe sUcavelI rUnI kharIdI aMgenI yojanAno amala bIjuM vizvayuddha pUruM thayA pachI paNa varSa-doDha varSa sudhI vinA avarodhe cAlu rahyo hato. viveka ane svamAnanI maryAdAmAM ramatI mutsaddIgIrI, vepAranI sUkSma samaja ane kunehabharI samajAvaTane kAraNe A mahattvanI kAmagIrI traNe pakSane saMtoSa thAya te rIte kastUrabhAIe pAra pADI. karothI pAchA pharatAM temane jiMdagIbhara yAda rahI jAya tevo anubhava thayo. temanI tripuTIe dariyAI vimAnamAM ja vaLatuM uDDayana karavAnuM hatuM. vimAna sudhI sTIma laoNncamAM javAnuM hatuM. laoNncamAM chellA caDe teNe pahelAM UtaravAnuM Ave. eTale kastUrabhAI ane temanA sAthIo laoNncamAM chellA caDavA, tethI vimAnamAM pahelAM caDIne sArAmAM sArI beThako pasaMda karI zakyA. thoDI vAramAM ja parsara Avyo. teNe e beThako lazkaranA ucca adhikArIo (generals) mATe che ema kahIne traNene uThADacA. traNe UThayA ne bIjI khurasIo hatI te para beThA. Scanned by CamScanner

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78 paraMparA ane pragati laDAIno vakhata hovAthI vimAnamAM be lAkaDAnA bAMkaDA jevI vadhArAnI beThako goThavI hatI. parsanI icchA A traNe hiMdIo bAMkaDA para bese ane khurasIo dhoLI cAmaDIvALA mATe rahe evI hatI. eTale pelI tripuTI khurasI para beThI ke tarata parsare temanI pAse AvIne temane tyAMthI UThavAnuM pharamAna karyuM. kastUrabhAI ane temanA sAthIoe UThavAnI nA pADI eTale pelo lAlapILo thato kaptAna pAse gayo ne tene badhI hakIkata kahI. kaptAna gusse thato Avyo ne traNene kahyuM: "UTho, nahIM to traNene bahAra pheMkI daIza. zuM samajo cho?" traNemAMthI eke UbhA thayA nahIM tema kazuM bolyA nahIM. dhUvAMvUvAM thato te cAlyo gayo. thoDI vAra pachI kastUrabhAIe kaptAnane bolAvyo ane kahyuM: "ame hiMda sarakAra vatI vATAghATo karanAra pratinidhimaMDaLanA sabhyo chIe. amArI tarapha je prakArano vartAva karavAmAM Avyo che te jarA paNa zobhAspada nathI. A bAbata ame sarakAramAM ucca stare hAtha para levAnA chIe." kaptAnane samajAyuM ke A loko to sarakAranA pratinidhimaMDaLanA sabhyo che eTale e DhIlo thaI gayo ne mAphI mAgavA lAgyo. kerothI hubAniyA AvyA. tyAM vimAna rokAI rahyuM. kaptAne AvIne khabara ApyA ke AMdhI caDelI che eTale kadAca ApaNe rAta ahIM ja rokAI javuM paDaze. kastUrabhAIne pahelAM to lAgyuM ke AMdhI to vadhumAM vadhu 100 ke 150 phUTa UMce caDe, paNa A dariyAI vimAna to 3000thI 4000 phUTa UMce UDanuM hoya che, tene AdhInI zI asara thavAnI hatI? paNa hubAniyA rAta rokAIne paroDhiye cAra vAgye vimAna upADyA pachI cAra kalAkamAM basarA pahoMcyA tyAM AMdhI joI tyAre khyAla Avyo ke A pradezamAM AMdhI 2000thI 3000 phUTa sudhI UMce caDe che. pAchA AvyA bAda rAmacaMdrane parsare temanA tarapha karelA durvartAvano prazna briTiza sarakAra samakSa uThAvyo. parsara dakSiNa AphrikAno briTizara hato. briTiza sarakArane e mAmalAmAM vacce paDavuM paDyuM ne chevaTe parsarane nokarImAMthI chUTo karavAmAM Avelo.11 parAdhIna dezanA nAgarika hovAno kaDavo anubhava e kadAca emane mATe pahelo ne chello haze tema sarakAranA sanmAnya sabhyane dubhavavA mATe gorA zAsanamAM gorAne thayelI sajA paNa e kadAca pahelI nahIM to virala Scanned by CamScanner

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vATAghATa ane viTi 79 dAkhalAomAMnI eka haze. briTanane pUrva AphrikAnuM rU sastA bhAve maLatuM ane e ja rU mATe bhAratane madha kimata cUkavavI paDatI. A viSamatA dUra karavA mATe 1944mAM bhArata ane briTananA pratinidhionI pariSada bolAvavAmAM AvI hatI. lAMbI maMtraNAone aMte baMne dezo vacce saMtoSakAraka samajUtI sAdhI zakAI temAM paNa kastUrabhAIno agrahisso hato.12 1943mAM te vakhatanA udyogamaMtrI sara rAmasvAmI mudaliyAre "kAunsila eNka sAyanTiphika enDa inDasTriyala risarca'nI sthApanA karelI. tenA sabhya thavA mATe sara rAmasvAmIe kastUrabhAIne nimaMtraNa mokalyuM. patnInI phariyAda hatI ke jAhera pravRttiomAM bahu samaya jAya che eTale A nimaMtraNano asvIkAra karavo. A salAhane anusarIne kastUrabhAIe rAmasvAmInA nimaMtraNano sAbhAra asvIkAra karyo. paraMtu chevaTe udyogamaMtrInA dabANane vaza thaIne temane "sI.esa. AI.Ara.'nuM sabhyapada svIkAravuM paDyuM. pachI to cha vakhata kAunsilanA sabhyapade temanI niyukti thaI. AjhAdI AvyA pachI javAharalAla neharu te kAunsilanA pramukha banelA. kastUrabhAInA sUcanathI kAunsilanI aMtargata eka nANAM samiti racavAmAM AvelI, jenA adhyakSa tarIke temaNe pote varSo sudhI sevA ApelI. temanI anicchA chatAM cheka 1959 sudhI javAharalAlanA Agrahane kAraNe kastUrabhAIe te samitinuM sukAna saMbhALeluM. 194panA eprilamAM amerikAmAM vaoNziMgTana khAte sAthI rAjyonA pratinidhionI pariSada bharavAmAM AvelI. temAM laDAI mATe upayoganuM amuka prakAranuM kApaDa kyA kyA deza utpanna karI Apaze tenI carcA thavAnI hatI. te pariSadamAM bhArata sarakAranA pratinidhi tarIke kasturabhAIe hAjarI ApI hatI. - 1946nA sapTembaramAM kastUrabhAI amerikAmAM hatA tyAre bhArata sarakAre temane briTananA kApaDa milanAM yaMtronA utpAdakonI sAthe vATAghATo karIne samajUtInA karAra karavA mATe laMDana pahoMcavA mATe vinaMtI karato tAra mokalyo. bhArata sarakAre kRSNarAja ThAkarazI, dharamazI khaTAu, sara pheDa sTonsa ane sara jahona grIjhanI TukaDI mokalI hatI. kastUrabhAI laMDanamAM temane maLyA. briTiza peDhIe tenA upAdhyakSane vATAghATo mATe mokalyA hatA. sAmA pakSa taraphathI mila Scanned by CamScanner

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80 paraMparA ane pragati yaMtronA utpAdakone eka karoDa rUpiyA guDavIlanA ane pacAsa lAkha rUpiyA kulle royalTInA bhArata Ape evI icchA vyakta thaI. bhAratIya pratinidhioe tenI sAme evI darakhAsta mUkI ke navA sAhasamAM bhArata temane zera Ape jemAMnA amuka zera temane vinAmUlya maLe ne amukamAM temanuM rokANa thAya. be abhiprAyo vacce eTaluM moTuM aMtara hatuM ke samajUtI para AvavAno saMbhava nahIM jevo hato. zAhI sarakAra taraphathI mahemAno mATe mijabAnI goThavavAmAM AvI hatI. tyAM kastUrabhAI sara kenetha prisTanane maLyA ne bIje divase temane maLavAnI IcchA batAvI. "baMne pakSanAM dRSTibiMduo vacce eTaluM moTuM aMtara che ke maLavAno koI artha dekhAto nathI." sara kenethe spaSTa saMbhaLAvyuM. "sara kenetha, Apa eTaluM samajI lo ke ame pAMca hajAra mAIla dUrathI ahIM AvyA chIe te khAlI hAthe pAchA javA mATe nahIM." kastUrabhAIe potAno nizcaya jaNAvyo. - kastUrabhAInI gaNatarI evI hatI ke navA sAhasanI zarUAtamAM nAnI mUDI rAkhavI jethI temane vinAmUlya ApavAnA zeranI kiMmata ochI thAya ne pachIthI mUDI vadhatAM rokaDa rakama bharIne temaNe zera levA paDe. bIje divase vATAghATo AgaLa cAlI. lAMbI maMtraNAne aMte kastUrabhAI kApaDayaMtra-utpAdakone chavvIsa TakA jeTalI kiMmatanA zera levA samajAvI zakyA, jemAMthI sattara TakA temane vinAmUlya ApavAnA hatA ne nava TakAnI kiMmata levAnI hatI. doDha karoDanuM mUDIrokANa rAkhavAnI samajUtI thaI. Ano artha e thayo ke doDha karoDanI mUDImAM cALIsa lAkha jeTalo sAmA pakSano bhAga gaNAya. AmAMthI 25 lAkhanA zere temane vinAmUlya ApavAnA hatA, jenA badalAmAM kaMpanInA nAma (Textile Machinery Manufacturers) ane tenA sUtrano 'no hAlano-upayoga bhAratamAM thAya. bAkInA Azare paMdara lAkha rUpiyAzeranI kiMmata tarIke sAmA pakSe cUkavavAnuM TharyuM.13 doDha karoDa parathI mAtra pacIsa lAkha para samajUtI sAdhI zakAI tenA jevo lAbhakAraka karAra haju sudhI bhAratamAM bIjo koI thayo nathI ema kastUrabAInuM mAnavuM che. vepAranI bAbatamAM samajUtI ane samajAvaTanI zakti temanAmAM keTalI asAdhAraNa che te A ane Scanned by CamScanner

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vATAghATa ane viSTi 81 AnA jevA paradezo sAthenI vATAghATonA anya prasaMgo parathI samajAya che. svarAja AvyA pachI paNa rUnI kharIdI aMge vATAghATo karavA mATe bhArata sarakAre temanA netRtva nIce eka pratinidhimaMDaLa ijipta mokalyuM hatuM. 1948nA AraMbhamAM A pratinidhimaMDaLa kerI gayuM tyAre ijipta ane ijharAyela vacce yuddha cAlatuM hatuM. bhAratamAM rUnI taMgI hatI. ijipta evI zarata mUkI ke rUnA badalAmAM bhArate temane zastro ApavAM. bhAratane A svIkArya nahotuM eTale pratinidhimaMDaLa pAchuM AvyuM. A vakhate keromAM bhAratanA elacI tarIke saiyada husena hatA. te Akho divasa nazo karIne paDyA rahetA. prathama sekreTarI hakasare pratinidhimaMDaLanA mAnamAM mijabAnI goThavI tyAre dArUnA nazAmAM cakacUra sthitimAM saiyada husena AvelA ane kastUrabhAInI sAthe pArTImAM ja jhaghaDI paDyA hatA.14/ 1948nI AkharamAM bhAratamAM rUnI tIvra achata UbhI thaI. sarakAre pUrva AphrikAmAMthI rU kharIdavA mATe kastUrabhAInA netRtva nIce bIjuM pratinidhimaMDaLa kaMpAlA mokalyuM. UpaDatAM pahelAM sarakAra sAthe pratinidhioe bhAvanI maryAdA aMge carcA karI lIdhI. kastUrabhAIe pAunDanA trIsa pensanI maryAdA sUcavI. paraMtu sarakAra rUnI taMgIthI evI vAja AvI gayelI ke pAunDanA tetrIsa pensa sudhI maLe tyAM sudhI kharIdI levAnI sUcanA ApI. sarvazrI barAta, aruNa raoNya ane cAtura sarakAra taraphathI salAhakAra tarIke temanI sAthe gayA hatA. 21mI Disembare kAphalo muMbaIthI kaMpAlA javA UpaDyo. eMjinanI yAMtrika khAmIne kAraNe vimAna be klAka moDuM UpaDyuM. kastUrabhAI era inDiyA InTaranezanalanA DirekaTara hatA eTale vimAnanA pAyalaoNTane oLakhatA hatA. temaNe kerothI AgaLa javA mATe tarata vimAna pakaDI zakAya te mATe tene samayasara karo pahoMcADavA mATe vinaMtI karI. vimAnIe kahyuM: "prayatna karIza." paNa bIje divase savAre UThyA tyAre joyuM to vimAne jhaDapa vadhArIne gumAvelo samaya meLavI lIdho hoya ema lAgyuM nahIM eTale kerothI elekjhAMDriyA javA mATe vimAna maLavAnI zakyatA ochI hatI. vimAnI dvArA kastUrabhAIe eNra inDiyAnA kerI khAtenA pratinidhi narImAnane eNlekajhAMDriyA javA mATenuM vimAna kerI khAte rokI rAkhavA saMdezo mokalyo. savAre sADAdasa vAgye kero pahoMcyA. kasTamamAMthI Scanned by CamScanner

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82 paraMparA ane pragati jhaTa jhaTa pasAra thaIne TesI karIne bIjA vimAnamathake elekjhAMDriyA javA mATe jhaDapathI pahoMcyA. paraMtu temane mATe paMdara miniTa rAha joIne pAMca miniTa pahelAM ja vimAna UpaDI gayuM hatuM. temano kAphalo vimAnamathakamAM peTho te vakhate ja vimAna UMce jaI rahyuM hatuM. eNra inDiyAnA vimAnamAM nAsto maLyo nahoto eTale badhAne bhUkha paNa kakaDIne lAgI hatI. kastUrabhAIe narImAnane lakasara pahoMcavA mATe khAsa vimAna cArTara karavAnuM sUcavyuM. e vakhate sarakArI pratinidhioe temanuM dhyAna doryuM ke vimAna cArTara karavAnuM kharca kadAca sarakAra nahIM maMjUra kare. "sarakAra nA pADaze to e kharca huM bhogavI laIza." kastUrabhAIe tarata javAba Apyo. bIjI ja paLe narImAne AvIne kahyuM: "tame abaghaDI UpaDo. ijipta ne ijharAyala vacce yuddha cAle che eTale cArTara karela vimAne pAMca vAgyA pahelAM kerI pAchA AvI javuM paDaze." badhA tarata vimAnamAM beThA. narImAna paNa sAthe gayA. kastUrabhAI pravAsamAM bhAnuM avazya rAkhe. temanI pAse je khAvAnuM hatuM te sAthIomAM vaheMcIne saue doDha vAgye vimAnamAM nAsto karyo. vimAna traNa vAgye lakasara pahoMcyuM. bIje divase paroDhiye kaMpAlAnuM vimAna UpaDyuM. 23mI Disembare sAMje pAMca vAgye kastUrabhAInI maMDaLI kaMpAlA pahoMcI. doDhaso jeTalA hiMdIo temanuM svAgata karavA vimAnamathake AvyA hatA. pUrva AphrikAnI sarakAranA pratinidhi karnala raoNbarTa pAmara paNa temanA svAgata mATe upasthita hatA. bhArata sarakAranA pratinidhi zrI cAtura ane bIjA be sAthIo zikAra mATe gayelA eTale 24mIe sAMje vATAghATo mATe maLavAnuM nakkI thayuM. hoTelamAM javA karnala pAmara ane kasatUrabhAI moTaramAM nIkaLyA. "vATAghATo keTalo samaya leze?" kastUrabhAIe pUchayuM. "tamAruM valaNa keTaluM vAjabI che tenA upara teno AdhAra che." kale javAba Apyo. "mAruM valaNa to hamezAM vAjabI ja hoya che." kastUrabhAIe kahyuM. "to pachI bahu vAra nahIM lAge." karnala bolyA. Scanned by CamScanner

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vATAghATa ane viTi 83 bIje divase savAre kaMpAlAnA hiMdI mitroe A maMDaLInA mAnamAM bhojana samAraMbha yojayo hato. doDhaso jeTalA AmaMtrito hatA. A samAraMbha cAlu hato eTalAmAM saMdezo maLyo ke zrI cAtura ane bIjA sAthIo AvI gayA che ne kaMpAlAthI vIsa mAIla para Avela enTabI nAmanA sthaLe vATAghATo mATe maLavAnuM che. bhojana samAraMbha pUro thatAM kastUrabhAInI maMDaLI bI pahoMcI. barAbara traNa vAgye vATAghATo zarU thaI. bhArata, briTana ane pUrva AphrikAnI sarakAranA sattara jeTalA pratinidhio hAjara hatA. kula traNa lAkha gAMsaDI rU pUrva AphrikA pAsethI levAnuM hatuM. be lAkha gAMsaDI bhArata mATe ane eka lAkha briTana mATe. paMdareka miniTa carcA cAlI. pachI kastUrabhAIe traNe sarakAranA eka eka pratinidhi maLIne carcA kare evuM sUcana mUkyuM. teno badhAe svIkAra karyo. pachI kastUrabhAI, karnala pAmara ane briTiza pratinidhi rahyA. "tame nasIbadAra cho. elekajhAnDriyAnA phicara cAra senTa UtaryA che eTale ke sATha senTanA chappana senTa thayA che. karnala pAmare kahyuM. dilhImAM cha mahinA pahelAM vATAghATo thayelI tyAre pUrva AphrikAnA rUnI kiMmata eNlekajhAnDriyAnA phicara para AdhArita raheze evuM TharAvyuM hatuM teno ullekha karIne karnale pUchayuM: "tame e karArane vaLagI raho cho ne?" kastUrabhAIe hA pADI. paNa briTiza pratinidhi bolyA: "tame hA pADI te ThIka che, paNa mAre briTiza pArlamenTane javAba ApavAno che. gaye aThavADiye ja mane A rU pacIsa pensanA bhAve oNphara thayeluM. e vakhate amane e bhAva UMco lAgelo. dilhInA karArane anvaye tenI kiMmata pAunDanA sADA aThThAvIsa pensa thAya te kema pAlave?" kastUrabhAIe be briTiza adhikArIonI vacce samAdhAna karavAnI taka jhaDapI ane sADA sattAvIsa pensa para sodo nakkI karAvI Apyo. vaLI kaMpAlA ane buzogA, bukaDI vagere bIjAM sthaLo vaccenA taphAvatane AgaLa dharIne temaNe gaNatarI karIne sADA sattAvIsane 27.10 pensa para rUnI kiMmata lAvI dIdhI ane te bhAve bhArata taraphathI be lAkha gAMsaDIno sodo karyo. briTiza pratinidhie paNa e ja bhAve eka lAkha gAMsaDIno sodo, elekajhAnDriyAnA phicaranI Scanned by CamScanner

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84 paraMparA ane pragati vadhaghaTa, levIdevInI zarate, nakkI karyo. karnala pAmare saMmati ApIne eka klAkamAM Azare aDhAra karoDa rUpiyAnI kiMmatanI traNa lAkha gAMsaDIno pAko sodo thaI gayo. pachI kastUrabhAI cA pIvA gayAne karnala pAmara pUrva AphrikAnA gavarnaranI maMjurI mATe gayA. thoDI vAramAM ja te vile moDhe pAchA AvyA. kastUrabhAIne eka bAju bolAvyA ne kahyuM: "bhArata sAtheno sodo gavarnare maMjUra karyo che, paNa briTiza pratinidhio eNlekajhAnDriyAnA phicaranI vadhaghaTanI zarate sodo karyo che eTale te maMjUra karyo nahIM." 1944thI kastUrabhAIe briTana sAthe vepAranA sArA saMbaMdha jALavavAnI nIti akhatyAra karI hatI. tene pariNAme bhAratane vAjabI bhAve rU maLI zakatuM hatuM. eTale A prasaMge briTanane choDIne bhArata mATeno sodo svIkAravo te yogya nathI ema temane lAgyuM. bhArata sarakAra rUnI kharIdI mATe khUba Atura hatI. vaLI sarakAre temane je kiMmata rU kharIdavAnI sattA ApI hatI tenA karatAM cha pensa ocho bhAva ApIne A sodo karyo hato. temanI sAthe bhArata sarakAre moklelA traNa salAhakAro hatA. paraMtu A tabakke temanI salAha levAnuM kastUrabhAIne ThIka lAgyuM nahIM. pUrI javAbadArI sAthe temaNe karnala pAmarane sIdhuM ja saMbhaLAvI dIdhuM: "tamArA gavarnarane kaho ke A eka akhaMDa sodo che, briTana ane bhAratano alaga alaga TukaDArUpe nathI." A bahu moTuM jokhama hatuM. paNa sAhasa vinA siddhi kyAMthI maLe? karnala pAmare kastUrabhAInI vAta gavarnarane pahoMcADI ane gavarnarane chevaTe te svIkAravI paDI. kasturabhAInA A pagalAno briTiza pratinidhio para tema ja karnala pAmara para UMDo prabhAva paDyo. temane baMnene lAgyuM ke bhAratanA pratinidhio kevaLa svArthathI prerAIne potAnuM ja hita jonArA nathI. chevaTe baMne dezanA sodAno pAko karAra taiyAra thayo. sahIsikkA thayA. rAtre dasa vAgye kaMpAlA pAchA AvyA. tyAMthI bIje divase savAre dariyAI vimAna dvArA khAratUma javA UpaDayA. nAtAlano divasa hovAthI vimAnamAM bIjA koI utAru nahotA. sudAna sarakAranA pratinidhioe bhAratIya pratinidhimaMDaLanuM svAgata Scanned by CamScanner

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vATAghATa ane viSTi 85 kyuM. gavarnare temanA mAnamAM bhojana samAraMbha yojyo. kastUrabhAI zuddha zAkAhArI hovAthI badhAne zAkAhArI bhojana pIrasavAmAM AvyuM. tenAthI kastUrabhAI prabhAvita thayA paNa sudAna sarakAre rUnI kiMmata ghaNI ja mAgI eTale kharIdI thaI zakI nahIM 15 kerothI bhArata rU mokalavAnuM thayuM, tyAM sudhImAM rUno bhAva pAunDe cummALIsa pensa jeTalo thaI gayo hato. eTale A sodAthI bhAratane Azare sAta karoDa rUpiyAno phAyado thayo hato. sattAvIsamI Disembare ja eNlekajhAnDriyAnA phicarano bhAva cAra senTa jeTalo vadhI gayo hato. cAra senTa vadhe eTale bhAratane mAthe eka karoDa ane pAMtrIsa lAkha rUpiyAno vadhu bojo paDayo gaNAya. samagra kArakirdI daramyAna kastUrabhAIe bhArata vatI karelA badhA sodAmAM A sodo dezane sauthI vadhu phAyadAkAraka hato ne tethI temane mATe paNa te eka apUrva siddhirUpa prasaMga hato. TIpa 1. KD, pp. 23-29. 2. HICTI, p. 106. 3. HICTI, p. - 107. 4. KD, pp. 27-28. 5. HICTI, p. 107. 6. KD, pp. 28-29. 7. HICTI, pp. 121-123. 8. KD, pp. 29-30. 9. KD II, pp. 4-5. 10. KD II, p. 5. 11. KD, pp. 34-37. 12. KD, pp. 37-38. 13. KD, pp. 40-41. 14. KD II, p. 2. - 15. KD II, pp. 3-8. . Scanned by CamScanner

Page #108
abhinava udhogatIrtha pacIseka varSa kApaDa udyogamAM ApyA pachI kastUrabhAInI najara bIjA udyogo tarapha gaI. kuTuMbanA mANasono samAveza karavAno prazna paNa hato. 1937mAM temane kAMjInA utpAdanano udyoga zarU karavAno vicAra Avyo. te mATe vyavasAyanA jANakAranI zodha zarU karI. gaeNnana DaMkainI briTiza peDhI sAthe temane sAro saMbaMdha hato. kastUrabhAIe temane sTArsa inDasTrI aMge salAha Ape evo niSNAta zodhI ApavA vinaMtI karI. temaNe eka yahUdI ijanerane mokalyo. kastUrabhAIe tene uccaka pagAra para rokyo. teNe sTArcanA kArakhAnA mATe jarUrI yaMtrasAmagrI ane plAnTa Ubho karavA mATenA Alekho vagere mATe videzo sAthe vATAghATo karIne phrAnsa, DenamArka ane jarmanInA plAna svIkAryA. paNa laDAI phATI nIkaLavAne kAraNe traNe dezanI pArTIo chUTI paDI. yahUdI ijanere jarmana mazInarI hAthe mArka lagAvIne bhArata mokalI. keTalIka mazInarI AvI ne keTalIka laDAIne kAraNe iTAlInA rAtA samudramAMnA masAvA baMdare pahoMcI gaI. pAchA AvIne e ijanere kahyuM: "huM zuM kare? have kazuM thaI zake nahIM." laDAI cAlatI hatI tethI yahUdI hovAne kAraNe tene aTakamAM laI osTreliyA moklI ApavAmAM Avyo. kastUrabhAIe bhArata sarakArane vinaMtI karI ke aTakamAM lIdhela IjaneranI temanA sTArcanA kArakhAnA mATe jarUra che eTale tene choDAvIne amane soMpavo Scanned by CamScanner

Page #109
abhinava udyogatIrtha 87 joIe. bhArata sarakAre tene oNsTreliyA khAtethI choDAvIne pAcho bolAvyo. teNe AvIne joyuM ke mazInarI iTAlInA baMdare paDI hovA chatAM kastUrabhAIe potAnI pAsenA Alekho parathI plAnTa Ubho karyo hato ane sTArca phaeNkTarI cAlu karI hatI. parivAra hastaka cAlatI milono moTo napho joIne 1943-44nA arasAmAM temane vicAra Avyo ke ekAda kArakhAnuM dezI rAjyamAM nAkhIe to sarakArane 'eksesa praoNphiTa TaeNksa' bharavo paDe che temAMthI amuka rakama bacAvI zakAya. vaDodarA khAte nIlA proDakTsa nAmanI kaMpanI zarU karI. anila sTArcamAM utpanna thato sTArca A kaMpanIne vecavAmAM Ave to teNe karelA naphA upara 'eksesa praoNphiTa TaeNsa' bharavo na paDe evI temanI gaNatarI hatI. bIjI kaMpanIonI jema nIlA proDakaTse tenAM nAnAM nAnAM paeNkeTa banAvIne chUTaka vecavAM evI goThavaNa hatI. vahIvaTa karanArAoe eka DagaluM AgaLa jaIne vicAryuM ke vaDodarA khAte nIlA proDakTsa A paeNkeTo taiyAra kare tene badale anila sTArcamAM ja paeNkeTa taiyAra thAya ne tyAMthI ja bArobAra vepArIo upara mokalI ApavAmAM Ave to zo phera paDavAno hato? paNa A nAnakaDI zithilatAe muzkelI UbhI karI. koIke AnI bAtamI sattAvALAone ApI haze. eTale eka divasa ekAeka pacAsa polIsonI TukaDIe anila sTArca para daroDo pADayo. kastUrabhAI bahAragAma hatA. vahIvaTadArone A banAvathI UMDo AghAta thayo. pAchaLathI mAhitI maLI ke TeksTAila kamizanaranI oNphisanI sUcanAthI A pagaluM levAyuM hatuM. kastUrabhAI pravAsethI pAchA AvyA ke tarata sTora vibhAganA vaDA sara jhaoNna grIvjhane maLyA ane banelI hakIkatanuM vAstavika bayAna ApyuM. chevaTe kazA nukasAna vagara Akho mAmalo sameTI levAmAM Avyo. 1944mAM kApaDa para aMkuza hato. baMgALamAM kApaDanA bhAva AsamAne caDelA. e vakhate phajhalula hakanuM pradhAnamaMDaLa sattA upara hatuM. suharAvardI puravaThA khAtAnA pradhAna hatA. lAlabhAI grUpanI milonA kApaDanI eka jUnI ne mukhya vitaraka peDhI giradhArIlAla rAmanArAyaNanA zrI rAmanArAyaNa zeTha baMgALanI TeksTAila eNDavAijharI kamiTImAM hatA. kamiTInA adhyakSa esa. sI. rAya hatA. aMkuzita kApaDanI chUTaka vaheMcaNI aMge vepArIo ane sarakAra vacce matabheda Scanned by CamScanner

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88 paraMparA ane pragati hato. te vakhate nyU inDiyA vImA kaMpanInA DirekTaronI sabhAmAM hAjarI ApavA mATe kastUrabhAI lakattA AvelA. temaNe vepArIonI muzkelI jANI. eTale mohinI milavALA mohanabhAInI sAthe teo puravaThA pradhAna suharAvardIne maLavA gayA. . suharAvardIe kastUrabhAIne maLatAM ja "kALA bajArane uttejana ApanAra' tarIke temane saMbodhyA ane kahyuM: "kApaDanA vepArIone tame uzkero cho, kharuMne?" A aNadhAryA humalAthI saheja paNa pAchA paDyA vinA kastUrabhAIe javAba Apyo: "tame kApaDa aMkuza dhAro ghaDIne vizALa sattA tamArA adhikArIone ApI che. kALAM bajAra karavA mATe keTalA jaththAbaMdha vepAra karanArane tame giraphatAra karyA? "eka paNa nahIM." "............." "kAraNa ke tamArA adhikArIo bhraSTAcArI che. vepArIonA jora para to Akho mila-udyoga Ubho rahI zakyo che ne jApAna tathA briTananI sAme TakI rahela che. grAhakone muzkelI veThavI na paDe ane vepArIone paravaDe te rIte chUTaka vecANano baMdobasta thavo joIe." paNa evo koI baMdobasta thAya te pahelAM pradhAnamaMDaLa tUTayuM. gavarnaranuM rAjya AvyuM. sara akabara haidarI pAse udyoga khAtAno havAlo hato. temaNe biralA, kastUrabhAI, sara pI. TI. ane kRSNarAja dharamazIne bolAvyA. gavarnarane maLavAnuM nakkI thayeluM, paNa chellI ghaDIe sara akabare jAhera karyuM ke gavarnara dilhI javAnA hovAthI maLI zakaze nahIM. "to amane bolAvyA zA mATe? amAro samaya ghaNo kImatI che. ame A cAlyA." kastUrabhAIe gavarnaranI bejavAbadAra vartaNUka sAme virodha karyo ane sAthe AvelA rAmanArAyaNa zeThane TikiTa meLavI ApavA kahyuM. pariNAme gavarnarane mulAkAta ApavI paDI. udyogapatio sAthe vATAghATo cAlI. kastUrabhAIe vepAramAM gerarIti thavA na pAme evI kApaDanA chUTaka Scanned by CamScanner

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abhinava udhogatIrtha 89 vitaraNanI suMdara yojanA ghaDI kADhI. beMgAla TekasaTAila eNsosiyezananI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI. tenA sabhyapada mATe 15,000 rUpiyAnuM eka evA 608 yuniTo bahAra pADavAM. koI paNa sabhya cArathI vadhu yuniTo laI zake nahIM evI maryAdA mUkI, tenA vadhu re gujarAta ane rAjasthAnanA vepArIo pAse rahyA. bhArata sarakAre khAsa dhAro pasAra karIne A eNsosiyezanane AvakaverAmAMthI mukti ApI hatI. tenI mAraphate kApaDanA chUTaka vecANanI vyavasthA thaI. A yojanA pUrepUrI saphaLa thaI. pahele varSe rU. 15,000nA yuniTa para rU. 9,000 no napho thayo; bIje varSe rU. 6,000 ane trIje varSe rU. 4500 no napho thayelo. kastUrabhAIe Ama klakattAnA kApaDanA vepArIone sarakAranI bejavAbadAra nItino bhoga banatA bacAvI lIdhA. 1945-46nA arasAmAM vAisaroyanI kAunsilanA sabhya sara aradezara dalAle bhAratanA udyogonA vikAsa mATe sarakAranI saMmatithI vividha samitio nImI hatI, temAM rAsAyaNika udyoga mATenImelI samiti para amerikana sAInemAIDa kaMpanInA mi. kesI hatA. temaNe gujarAtanA tAtA kemikalsanA plAnTa joyA ane anila sTArcano sakyurIka esiDano tema ja kaeNliko milano kosTika soDAno plAnTa joyo. A takano lAbha laIne temaNe amadAvAdanI kApaDanI milonI paNa mulAkAta lIdhI. te uparathI temane lAgyuM ke bhAratamAM amerikana udyogapatio athavA kaMpanIone dhaMdhA mATe moTo avakAza che. teno lAbha amerikana sAInemAIDa kaMpanIe raMganA kSetramAM levA jevo che evo abhiprAya kaMpanIne molatI vakhate ema paNa kahyuM ke, raMganA kSetramAM bhAratamAM jhukAvavuM hoya to amadAvAdanA udyogapati kastUrabhAI sAthe bhAgIdArI karavAthI lAbha thaze. milonuM plAniMga, mazInarInI saMbhALa ane UMcI guNavattAvALA mAlano Agraha vagere kastUrabhAInI viziSTatAothI te prabhAvita thayA hatA. yuddhakALamAM raMganI taMgIno lAbha levAnI dRSTie amerikana sAInemAIDa kaMpanIe eka nAnI oNphisa muMbaImAM rAkhI hatI. tenI dekharekha mi. laoNrenja rAkhatA. temaNe udyogapati tarIke kastUrabhAInuM nAma sAMbhaLeluM. teo sva. bhUlAbhAI desAIne sArI rIte oLakhatA. bhUlAbhAIe paNa bhAgIdArI mATe kastUrabhAInuM nAma pasaMda karavA salAha ApelI. bIjI tarapha e vakhatanA Scanned by CamScanner

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90 paraMparA ane pragati svITjharlenDa khAte bhAratanA rAjadUta tarIke bhUlAbhAInA putra dhIrubhAI hatA. temane kastUrabhAI sAthe maitrIsaMbaMdha hato. temaNe kastUrabhAIne kahyuM ke amerikana sAInemAIDa kaMpanIne hiMdustAnamAM raMgano udyoga sthApavAmAM rasa che. amerikana sAInemAIDa kaMpanI taraphathI tapAsa AvI tyAre mi. laoNrense kastUrabhAI sAthe dhaMdho goThavAya to iSTa che evo abhiprAya Apyo." 1946mAM kastUrabhAI amerikA gayA tyAre amerikana sAinemAiDa kaMpanI sAthe raMgo banAvavAnI kaMpanI UbhI karavA mATe vATAghATo calAvI. kaMpanInA upapramukha mi. esa. sI. mUDIe raMgarasAyaNanA udyoganA ujajavaLa bhAvi vize temane vigate khyAla Apyo, ane raoNyalTIne dhoraNe "nohAu" ApavAnI taiyArI batAvI. baMne vacce prAthamika samajUtI thaI tene AdhAre kastUrabhAIe bhArata sarakAranI maMjUrI meLavIne eka navI kaMpanI rajisTara karAvI. tenuM nAma atula proDakaTsa li. rAkhyuM. pachI atula ane amerikana sAinemAiDanI vacce kAyadesara kolakarAra thayA. A vakhate AkhI duniyAmAM raMga banAvavAno udyoga cAra ke pAMca kaMpanIo vacce vaheMcAyelo hato. briTiza sAmrAjyamAM ImpIriyala kemikala InDasTrIjha (AI. sI. AI.) ekalI jaraMga banAvatI hatI. bIjA vizvayuddhanA gALA sudhI amerikana kaMpanIone paradezI vepAramAM rasa nahoto. amerikana sAInemAiDa kaMpanI atula proDakaTsa li.ne svIkRta praNAlikA toDIne madada karavA AgaLa AvI, tenAthI audyogika samAjamAM atula pratye IrSyAmizrita kutuhalanI lAgaNI UbhI thaI. 'A navIna sAhasathI paradezI kaMpanIne khAsa jokhama na hatuM, paNa kastUrabhAIe to moTuM jokhama kheDyuM hatuM. zarUAtanAM varSomAM bhArata sarakAranuM valaNa paNa evuM na hatuM ke atulane koI rakSaNa maLe. rAsAyaNika kaMpanImAM prAthamika rokANa ghaNuM moTuM joIe ane navo plAnTa besADI utpAdana zarU thAya te pachI lAMbe gALe tenuM phaLa maLe che. kastUrabhAIe Aja sudhI amadAvAdanI prathA mujaba nAne pAye udyoga zarU karIne nANAM maLatAM jAya tema vistAra karavAnI nIti akhatyAra karI hatI. eTale A udyogamAM teo jarUrI moTI rakama kharacaze ke kema enuM kutUhala paradezI kaMpanIone hatuM. kharace to eka moTI harIpha kaMpanI Scanned by CamScanner

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Scanned by CamScanner IN atula proDakaTsa tathA sAinemAiDanA saMyukta sAhasa mATenI vATAghATo mATe amerikAnI sAinemAiDa kaMpanInI mulAkAta daramyAna (DAbethI jamaNI bAju) zrI mUDI, zrI bI. ke. majumadAra, zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI, zrI siddhArtha kastUrabhAI, zrI lorensa vagere. juo pR. 90

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Scanned by CamScanner 1952mAM amerikAmAM sAinemAiDa kaMpanInI mulAkAta daramyAna zrI kastUrabhAI, mIsIsa mUDI ane mIsIsa lorensa sAthe jao pR. 96,

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abhinava udhogatIrtha 91 UbhI thAyane na kharace to bIka rAkhavAnI jarUra nathI evI temanI gaNatarI hatI. kastUrabhAIe mi. mUDIne sauprathama A navA sAhasamAM thoDI paNa Arthika bhAgIdArI rAkhavA kahyuM. temaNe pahelAM to evo javAba Apyo ke "dezanI bahAra mUDI rokavAnI amArI nIti nathI." paraMtu kastUrabhAIe dabANa karavAthI chevaTe amerikana sAInemAIDa kaMpanI atulamAM dasa TakA hita rAkhavA saMmata thaI eka karoDa rUpiyAnI zeraholDaronI mUDIthI atula proTsa li.nI zarUAta thaI. prAthamika doravaNI ApatAM mi. mUDIe kastUrabhAIne kaheluM ke "rAsAyaNika udyoga eka moTA vRkSa jevo che. eka vastu banAvo eTale tenI sAthe saMkaLAyelI bIjI vastu banAvavAnI jarUra paDe. te banAvo eTale tenA anusaMdhAnavALI trIjI banAvavI paDe. A paristhitine pahoMcI vaLavA mATe pahelethI ja khUba vizALa jagA laI rAkhavI joIe. melAM pANInA nikAla mATe ane mIThA pANInA puravaThA mATe pahelethI ja vicAra karI rAkhavo paDaze." kastUrabhAIe anubhavI udyogapatinuM A sUcana barAbara dhyAnamAM rAkhyuM. 194ranI 'hiMda choDo' laData vakhate zrI bI. ke. majumadAra milamAMthI chUTA thaIne laDatamAM joDAyA hatA. laData pUrI thayA pachI khaMDubhAI desAIe temane rAjakAraNamAM pUrepUruM jhaMpalAvavA nimaMtryA. te pramANe sakriya rAjakAraNamAM bhAga levA sAru te vakhatanA gujarAtanA netAo pAse bI. ke.e kAma mAgyuM tyAre koI temane spaSTa kAmagIrI soMpIne rAjakAraNamAM praveza ApavA taiyAra nahotuM. chevaTe dAdAsAheba mAvaLaMkaranI salAha mAnIne teo pAchA kastUrabhAI pAse AvyA. - kasturabhAIe kArakhAnuM UbhuM karavAthI mAMDIne atulanA saMcAlana ane vahIvaTanI tamAma javAbadArI bI. kene soMpI. siDa mUDInA sUcana mujaba kArakhAnA mATe vizALa jagAnI jarUra hatI. chaeka mahinA sudhI judAM judAM sthaLo joyA pachI temaNe valasADathI sAta mAIla dUra pAranerA gAmanI najIkanI verAna jamIna pasaMda karI. A jagAno lAbha e hato ke tenI najIkamAM ja pAra nadI dariyAne maLe che. patharALa jamIna hovAthI baMdha bAMdhIne nadInuM pANI rokI zakAya tema hatuM. baMdha bAMdhyA pachI eka bAju mIThuM pANI ekaThuM thAya ne bIjI bAju meluM pANI dariyAnA khArA pANI sAthe bhaLI jAya evI vyavasthA thaI zake Scanned by CamScanner

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92 paraMparA ane pragati tema hatI. dariyA taraphanA bhAgamAM evAM koI gAma nahotAM ke jemane kArakhAnAnAM melAM pANIthI agavaDamAM mukAvuM paDe. saradAra paTela yunivarsiTInA prathama kulapati ane vikhyAta ijanera sva. bhAIlAlabhAI paTelane A jagA batAvI. temaNe badhI rIte cakAsIne jagAnI pasaMdagI para saMmatinI mahora mArI; eTaluM ja nahIM, jarUrI baMdha baMdhAvI ApavAnI javAbadArI paNa lIdhI. jamIna saMpAdana karavA mATe sarakAra sAthe vATAghATo calAvavAmAM eka-doDha varSa vItI gayuM. 1949nI AkharamAM 800 ekara jamIna maLI eTale 1950nI zarUAtamAM atulanA plAnTanuM bAMdhakAma zarU thayuM. - pAra nadI para baMdha bAMdhIne karoDa gelana pANIno saMcaya dharAvatI moTI TAMkI taiyAra thatI hatI. kArakhAnA ane vasAhata mATe chUTathI pANI maLe tevI vyavasthA thavAnI hatI. rasAyaNanA utpAdanathI vAtAvaraNa pradUSita na thavA pAme ane suMdara naisargika pArzvabhUmi UbhI thAya te mATe baso jAtanAM eka lAkha jeTalAM vRkSo vAvyAM. jotajotAmAM sUkI Ukhara bhUmi upara lIlI kuMjAra vADIo racAI gaI. tenI vacce jaMgI kArakhAnAnI imArato ane ramakaDAM jevAM rUpardhA mAnonI vasAhata UbhI thaI. audyogika saMgaThana ane sauMdaryapoSaka kAvyamaya vAtAvaraNa bI. ke.nI dRSTimAM ekasAthe samAI zake che tenuM mUrta dRSTAnna atula che. yaMtra ane mAnavatAnA samanvayanI sAthe kalA ane udyogano uttama meLa atulanA Ayojana ane nirmANamAM jovA maLe che tenuM rahasya kastUrabhAI ane bI. ke.nA aMtamAM raheluM che. - briTiza lokonA khoTA pracArane lIdhe amerikAmAM evI mAnyatA UbhI thayelI ke bhArata ghaNo pachAta deza che ane temAM ijanero, kemisTo ke bIjA Tekanikala mANaso lagabhaga che ja nahIM ane tethI udyogo mATe Tekanikla sahAya ane vastuo mATe tene paradeza para AdhAra rAkhavo paDe che. A bhramaNAne vaza thaIne amerikana sAInemAIDe zarUAtamAM vIsa DAyarekaTa ane eNsiDa raMgo eTale ke kAcA raMgonA utpAdana mATe kolakarAra kya. A raMga caDAveluM kApaDa blIciMga pAuDarathI dhovAya to raMga jhAMkhA paDe che. tethola ke vATa jAtanA raMgomAM AvuM banatuM nathI, paNa te banAvavA agharA hoya che. ane te raMgonI kiMmata paNa vadhAre hoya che. saphara bleka nAmano bIjo raMga paNa lIdho. kastUrabhAIne lAgyuM ke A Scanned by CamScanner

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abhinava udhogatIrtha 93 raMgonA vecANamAMthI pUrato vakaro ane napho nahIM thAya. eTale temaNe siDa mUDIne dabANa karIne kahyuM ke "tame thoDA phArmAsyuTikala plAnTa paNa Apo ke temAMthI be paisA maLe ane atulane tenA rokANa upara pramANasaranuM vaLatara maLe." vicAra karIne siDa mUDIe javAba Apyo: "ame cIlAcAlu ane sastAM milcaro ke bAmo banAvatA nathI ane temAM rasa paNa nathI. evuM banI zake ke amuka rogo mATe aksIra nIvaDelI amArI keTalIka davAo, jenI peTanTo amArI pAse che, tenI banAvaTanAM AgalAM lagabhaga tamAma pagathiyAM ame ahIM amerikAmAM banAvIe ane tame tenI kAcA mAla tarIke AyAta karo ne chelluM pagathiyuM tame karo. zarata e ke e rIte banelo mAla anule bIjA koIne nahIM ApavAno. ane kAcA mAla uparanI kharAjAta sAthenA kula kharca upara paMdara TakA mahenatANA tarIke laIne e phinizka mAla amane soMpavAno."mAlanI kiMmata vadhAre hovAthI atulane paMdara TakA mahenatANA tarIke moTI rakama maLe tema hatI. eTale atule e zarato kabUla rAkhI. tene pariNAme ene saphADAyAjhIna banAvavAno plAnTa maLyo. 1952nA AraMbhamAM kArakhAnAno eka plAnTa taiyAra thayelo ne bIjAnuM kAma cAlatuM hatuM. baMdhanuM kAma paNa cAlatuM hatuM. kArakhAnAnuM udghATana javAharalAla neharune varada haste mArcanI 17mI tArIkhe bhAre dabadabA sAthe karavAmAM AvyuM. AsapAsanA pradezamAMthI ardhI lAkha jeTalA mANaso A prasaMge hAjarI ApavA UmaTelA. muMbaIthI eka khAsa Trena mahemAnone laIne valasADa AvelI. valasADa jillAnI so jeTalI saMsthAoe puSpamALAthI neharunuM svAgata kareluM. atulanI bhAvi kArakirdInI zubha AgAhI karato hoya tema udghATanano prasaMga bhavya ane ujajavala rIte ujavAyo.deg Avela atithio upara atula eka mahAkAya kaMpanI banavAnI taiyArI karI rahela che evI spaSTa chApa paDI. AmaMtritomAM AI. sI. AI.nA, sIbAnA ane jarmana kaMpanIonA pratinidhio paNa hatA. temane lAgyuM ke atula sAthe dostI bAMdhavA jevuM che. udghATana patI gayA pachI A kaMpanIo taraphathI sahayoga mATenI darakhAsto AvavA lAgI. temAMthI atulano vikAsa thato gayo. uddaghATana prasaMge briTananI AI. sI. AI. kaMpanInA mi. pemena hAjara rahelA. temaNe atulanI sAthe bhAgIdArI karavAnI mAgaNI karI. amerikana Scanned by CamScanner

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94 paraMparA ane pragati sAInemAIDanA mi. mUDI e vakhate hAjara hatA. kastUrabhAIe A darakhAsata bAbata temane pUchayuM. temaNe ghasIne nA pADI. kastUrabhAIe mi. pemenane kahyuM: "amerikana sAInemAIDanA sahayogathI ame A sAhasa zarU karyuM che eTale emanI saMmati vinA harIpha kaMpanIne bhAgIdAra banAvI zakIe nahIM." siDa mUDI svadeza pAchA pharatAM vacce laMDana UtaryA tyAre paNa AI. sI. AI.nA adhyakSa sara elekajhAnDare temane anulamAM bhAgIdAra thavA devA vinaMtI karI, paNa mUDI ekanA be na thayA. 1954mAM AI. sI. AI.e 'vATa DAijhanuM utpAdana karavA mATe atulanA sahayoganI pharI mAgaNI karI. kastUrabhAIe amerikAmAM bhaNatA temanA bhANeja bipinabhAI mAraphate siDa mUDIne puchAvyuM. siDa mUDIe A vakhate saMmati ApI. tene pariNAme 1955mAM ardhAardha bhAgIdArIne dhoraNe aTIka li. nAmanI bIjI kaMpanInI racanA thaI.11 zarUAtanAM traNa varSa atulane ThIka ThIka muzkelIono sAmano karavo paDyo. kAcA mAlanI AyAta upara jakAta vadhAre hatI ne taiyAra mAlanI AyAta upara ochI jakAta hatI. vaLI taiyAra raMganI AyAta thatI temAM vadhu kansenTezanavALo mAla hoya tene DAilyuTa karIne vepArIo potAnAM lebala mArIne vecatA. sarakAra chUTathI raMganI AyAta karavA detI hatI e sauthI moTI muzkelI hatI. atulanA raMga bajAramAM mukAyA eTale paradezI kaMpanIoeraMganA bhAva ghaTADyA. koMgo reDa ane saphara bleka jevA raMganA bhAva to ardhA thaI gayA. atule hiMmatabhera teno sAmano karyo. khoTa khAIne paNa bhAva ghaTADIne bajAramAM videzI kaMpanIonI sAme Takkara jhIlI. atulanI vinaMtIthI sarakAre 1954mAM Teripha kamizana nImyuM. paradezI kaMpanIonI uzkeraNIthI dezI vepArIoe kamizana samakSa atulane rakSaNa nahIM ApavA rajUAta karI. atule phiniSTha mAla uparanI jakAta vadhAravA ne kAcA mAlanI AyAta upara te ghaTADavA rajUAta karI. chevaTe kAcA mAlanI AyAta upara imporTa DayUTI ghaTADavAmAM AvI. tenAthI atulane jIvatadAna maLyuM eTaluM ja nahIM, raMganA bIjA dezI utpAdakonA pagamAM paNa jora AvyuM.12 anulano vistAra thato jato hato. DAyarekTa ane eNsiDa raMganA plAnTa sArA cAlatA hatA. teno mAla vakhaNAto hato. salphara blekano plAnTa pUro cAlato Scanned by CamScanner

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abhinava udhogatIrtha 95 hato. eTaluM ja nahIM, tenI kSamatA bevaDI karavA mATe tajavIja cAlatI hatI. 2myAnamAM amerikana sAinemAiDanA mi. kesI atulanI mulAkAte AvyA. temaNe salaphADAyAjhInanA plAnTamAM thoDA sudhArAvadhArA karavAthI saphAthAjhola banAvavAnuM sUcana karyuM ane te mATe sIbA kaMpanIno sahayoga meLavavA salAha ApI. sIbA kaMpanIe temAM rasa batAvyo. pachI amerikana sAinemAiDe oriyomAisInane kAcA rUpamAM AyAta karIne tene taiyAra karavA mATe navo plAnTa nAkhavA sacana karyuM. te mAla tenI peTAkaMpanI leDaralIne anula vece evI vyavasthA thaI. AnAthI atulane kemisTone oriyomAisIna jevA kImatI mAlane kevI takedArIthI vAparavo tenI tAlIma maLI. te vakhate eka ausa oriyomAisInanI kiMmata eka auMsa sonA barAbara hatI.13 jarmanInI bAyara kaMpanIe atulane kAco mAla taiyAra karavAmAM madada karavAnI taiyArI batAvI. badalAmAM e kaMpanI bhArata sarakAra pAse amuka kAcA raMga banAvavAnI paravAnagI mAge teno atule virodha na karavo evI zarata mUkI. kastUrabhAIe tene nakArI kADhI. AI. sI. AI. sAthe jeiDagrIna nAmanA vATa raMga banAvavA mATe samajUtI thaI tene pariNAme AgaLa joyuM tema aTIka li. astitvamAM AvI. menejiMga DirekTaranI paddhatie tenuM saMcAlana thayuM. temAM baMne kaMpanIonA sarakhA DirekaTaro hatA ane ceramena tarIke kastUrabhAI rahyAA. vakhata jatAM A kaMpanI atula jevaDI moTI banI. noMdhapAtra vastu e che ke A vakhate kastUrabhAIe menejiMga ejansIno Agraha nahIM rAkhatAM menejiMga DirekaTara mATenI AI. sI. AI.nI darakhAsta svIkArI hatI. aTIkanuM kAma pAkA ane vATa raMgo banAvavAnuM hatuM. atulanA kemisToe tenA karatAM UtaratI kakSAnA nethola raMga banAvavAno plAnTa taiyAra karyo. tenI DijhAina sAInemAiDa kaMpanIe tapAsI ApI hatI. sIbA kaMpanIe tene barAbara calAvI Ape tevA eka jarmana kemisTanI madada ApI. A pIDha niSNAtanI sevAo atule cha varSa sudhI lIdhelI. temanI salAhasUcanothI atulanA kemisTo dhAruM zIkhI zakaLyA, nethola raMganA utpAdanamAM jarmana kemisTanI paddhati anulanA kemisTone saraLa ane sastI lAgI, paraMtu amerikana sAinemAiDa kaMpanI pAsethI tenI Scanned by CamScanner

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- 99 paraMparA ane pragati phaoNrmyulA maLelI hovAthI tene raoNyalTI ApavAno karAra hato. A raoNyalTInI rakama paMdara lAkha rUpiyA jeTalI thatI hatI. e arasAmAM majumadAra amerikA jatA hatA. kasturabhAIe temane kahyuM: "amerikana sAinemAiDa kaMpanInA mi. mUDIne kahejo kenetholanA utpAdana mATe ame jarmana paddhati apanAvavA mAgIe chIe eTale tamane ApavAnI raoNyalTInI rakamamAM chUTachATa mUko to sAruM." raMganA vepAramAM ekavAra phormyulA ApIeTale phormyulA lenAra raoNyalTI ApavA baMdhAyelA hoya che. majumadArane emAM chUTachATa mAgavI ThIka lAgI nahIM. pachI varSe kastUrabhAI amerikA gayA tyAre siDa mUDIne temaNe A vAta karI. temaNe kahyuM: "tethola raMganA utpAdanamAM amane jarmana paddhati vadhu anukULa paDe tema che. A saMjogomAM amAre ApanI kaMpanIne ApavAnI thatI raoNyalTInI rakamamAM kaMI chUTachATa mUkI zakAze? "phargeTa abAuTa iTa" siDamUDIe javAba Apyo. kastUrabhAI samajyA nahIM. temaNe pharIthI pUchayuM. mUDI pharIthI te ja zabdo bolyA tyAre temane khyAla Avyo ke paMdara lAkha rUpiyAnI royalTInI AkhI ja rakama choDI devAnuM teo svIkAre che. A ghaTanAnA saMdarbhamAM kastUrabhAI kahe che: "pacAsa varSanI mArI kArakirdImAM ATalo udAra vartAva batAvanAra bIjo koI maLyo nathI.14 atule vATa raMgo AI. sI. AI.nI bhAgIdArImAM banAvavA mAMDyA te sIbAne pasaMda nahotuM. paraMtu thoDA ja vakhatamAM sIbA kaMpanInA presiDanTa mi. kevelI ane vAisa presiDanTa DaoN. vilhema sAthe kastUrabhAIne gADha saMbaMdha baMdhAyo ane manadu:kha dUra thayuM, eTaluM ja nahIM, sIbAnA sahayogamAM atula tenI amuka davAonA utpAdana mATenA plAnTa besADyA. skAupa riekazana nAmanA eka plAnTano 'nohAu" paNa sIbAe atulane Apyo. tenI prakriyA ghaNI jokhamakAraka hoya che. temAM saheja paNa bedarakArI rAkhe to moTo dhaDAko thAya. atulanA kArIgaro tenI saMbhALa rAkhavAnuM sArI rIte zIkhI gayA che. evo bIjo jokhamakAraka plAnTa pI. sI. ela. thI paNa sIbAe nAkhI Apyo che, je tethola raMga banAvavAmAM vaparAya che. Ama, amerikana sAinemAiDa, AI. sI.AI.ne sIbA jevI jagaprasiddha kaMpanIono sahayoga sAdhIne atule badhI jAtanA Scanned by CamScanner

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abhinava udhogatIrtha 97. raMgI ane keTalIka mahattvanI davAonuM utpAdana karavA mAMDayuM hatuM.' AraMbhanAM traNa-cAra varSa daramyAna atule atizaya nANAMbhIDa bhogavI. zeraholDaronI eka karoDa rUpiyAnI mUDImAMthI kAma zarU thayuM hatuM paNa temAMthI moTI rakama to pANI, vIjaLI, rastA ane vasAhatanA vikAsamAM kharcAI gaI hatI. zarUAtanAM varSomAM pUruM utpAdana maLatuM nahotuM. nANAnI atizaya taMgI hatI. te vakhate kastUrabhAIe hiMmata karIne rUpiyA pacAsa lAkha potAnI zarAphI peDhI lAlabhAI dalapatabhAImAMthI koI paNa prakAranI lekhita bAMhedharI vinA atulane dhIryA. 16 paNa eTalI rakamathI khoTano khADo purAya tema nahoto. sadbhAgye e ja arasAmAM (1956) bhArata sarakAranA udyoga pradhAna TI.TI. kRSNamAcArI atulanI mulAkAte AvelA. temane kArakhAnAM batAvyAM. pachI bhojananA Tebala para saunI sAthe beThA. temaNe kastUrabhAIne prazna karyo: "A kArakhAnAno vistAra kema karatA nathI?" te mATe nANAM joIe. amArI pAse tenI sagavaDa nathI." kastUrabhAIe javAba Apyo. "dilhI Avajo. ApaNe vicArIzuM." TI. TI. ke.e kahyuM. kastUrabhAI dilhI gayA. te vakhate sara cintAmaNa dezamukha nANAmaMtrI hatA. TI. TI. ke. temanI pAse kastUrabhAIne laI gayA. dezamukhe temane nANAM nigama jevI saMsthA pAse javA sUcavyuM. e tyAM jaI zake tema nathI. ghaNI moTI rakamanI temane jarUra che. sarakAre ja temane lona ApavI joI e." TI. TI. ke.e bhalAmaNa karI. keTalA joIe?" dezamukhe pUchayuM. "traNa karoDa." kastUrabhAIthI bolAI gayuM. sarakAre phakta sADA cAra TakAnA vyAje traNa karoDa rUpiyAnI lona maMjUra karI. agiyAra hapate lona pAchI bharavAnI. temAM pahelA cAra hapatA mApha. kastUrabhAIne pAchaLathI vicAra karatAM lAgyuM ke traNa karoDane badale vadhu moTI rakamanI mAgaNI karI hota topaNa maLI jAta. A lona maLavAne kAraNe atula Arthika muzkelImAMthI UgarI gayuM ane teno vikAsa jhaDapI banI zakyo.17 Scanned by CamScanner

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98 paraMparA ane pragati atule pachI pAyAnA padArthonuM utpAdana paNa zarU karyuM. raMgonI banAvaTamAM eka mukhya zAkhA mITha, kosTika soDA, klorina, jAtajAtanA eNsiDo vagerenI che ane bIjI zAkhA kolaTAramAMthI banatI nethelIna, benjhina vagerenI che. pahelAM pahelI zAkhAnuM kAma lIdhuM ane kaoNsTikanI sAthe kaoNsTika poTAza, klorina, hAiDroklorika eNsiDa vagerenuM utpAdana karavA mAMDyuM. atula sAITa uparanI aTIka, sIbAnula, leDaralI (pAchaLathI sAInemAIDa inDiyA) vagere kaMpanIone te pAyAnA padArtho maLatA thaI gayA. pachI bIjI zAkhAnuM kAma hAthamAM laIne bona eNsiDa tathA bITA netholano plAnTa besADyo. pAkA raMganI bejhIjha banAvavAmAM sIbA kaMpanIe madada karI. A plAnTomAM rUpiyA cha karoDanuM rokANa thaI gayuM. AI. sI. AI. kaMpanIe navA kolakarAra karIne vATa raMgonI sAthe proziyana raMgonI bhAgIdArI paNa atula sAthe karI. amerikana sAInemAIDa kaMpanIe atulanA mULa rokANamAM potAnA dasa TakA zera hatA te vecIne atula pAsethI leDaralI mATenuM bhADAnuM makAna lIdheluM te kharIdI lIdhuM. leDaralInuM nAma badalIne sAInemAIDa inDiyA nAmanI navI kaMpanI UbhI karI. A kaMpanImAM atulane 35 TakA bhAga maLyo. temaNe oriyomAIsInanA pharmenTezanano eka bejhika plAnTa mUkyo. temAMthI melAthiyona nAmanI jaMtunAzaka davA banAvI. sIbAe atula sAthe bhAgIdArI mAgI te parathI sIbAnula nAmanI kaMpanI UbhI thaI jemAM atulano 65 TakA bhAga ane sIbAno 35 TakA bhAga hato. A kaMpanIe phoramalaDIhAIDa plAsTikano plAnTa nAkhI AralaDAiTa nAmano guMdara jevo padArtha banAvavA mAMDyo. sIbA inDiyA nAmanI sIbAnI bhAratamAM kaMpanI hatI temAM atulane dasa TakA bhAga Apyo.18 Ama sAmAnya raMganA kArakhAnAthI zarU thayeluM atula Aje moTuM audyogika kendra banI gayuM che. temAM asaMkhya rasAyaNonuM utpAdana thAya che. atula ane tenI bhAgIdArInI kaMpanIo maLIne 1979nI Akhara sudhImAM rUA. 70 karoDa uparAMtanuM rokANa thayeluM che te bIjI jAhera ane khAnagI kSetranI kaMpanIonA karatAM moTuM nathI, paraMtu bIjI kaMpanIo pharTilAIjhara, cana ke lokhaMDa jevI eka vastu laIne beThelI che tyAre atula saMkhyAbaMdha vastuonuM utpAdana kare che. Scanned by CamScanner

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abhinava udyogatIrtha 99 tenI vizeSatA e che ke paraspara judI dekhAtI vastuo utpAdanamAM saLaMga zRMkhalArUpe goThavAI jAya che. traNa moTI paradezI kaMpanIone sAthe rAkhIne kastUrabhAIe vividha dizAomAM AgaLa vadhI zake tevA udyoganuM kunehapUrvaka Ayojana karyuM che temAM temanI dIrdha dRSTi, dhIraja, prAmANikatA ne sAhasikatA dekhAI Ave che. 1955mAM atule savA karoDanuM vecANa kareluM te 1976mAM sADI suDatALIsa karoDa thayuM hatuM. zarUAta karI tyAre kula rokANanA pacAsa TakAthI vadhu kiMmatano mAla paradezathI AyAta karavo paDato. pachI AyAtanuM pramANa ghaNuM ochuM thaI gayuM ane UlaTa' pote videzanAM prathama paMkitanAM bajAromAM mAla nikAsa karIne moTI rakamanuM hUMDiyAmaNa raLavA lAgyA. 1965mAM atulane traNa lAkha rUpiyAnuM hUMDiyAmaNa maLeluM te 1972mAM eka karoDe ane 1976mAM traNa karoDa ane vIsa lAkhe pahoMcyuM hatuM. 1971 ane 1976mAM kaeNmekasIlanuM raMga ane raMganI kAcI sAmagrInI (inTaramIDIeTsa)nikAsa mATenuM prathama pAritoSika ne 1974mAM tenuM dvitIya pAritoSika atulane enAyata thayeluM. 1974mAM 'AI. sI. ema. e.' nuM rasAyaNanI nikAsa mATenuM pAritoSika paNa tene maLyuM hatuM. 1955mAM atula pAMca TakA DiviDanDa vaheMcI zakeluM te 1976mAM vIsa TakA thayuM hatuM. cAra karoDanI kaeNpiTala para be karoDanA bonasa zaeNra ApyA hatA te gaNIe to DiviDanDa trIsa 1 TakA thAya. uttama guNavattAvALo mAla utpanna karavAnI ane tene mATe saMzodhananI zreSTha jogavAI rAkhavAnI kastUrabhAInI nItine lIdhe atula satata pragati karI zakela che. yaMtrone adyatana sthitimAM rAkhavAnI kALajI ane buddhizALI karmacArIone navA navA prayoga karavA mATe maLatA protsAhanathI atulane UMcI kSamatA dharAvatA kendra tarIke bhAratamAM ja nahIM, AMtararASTrIya kSetre paNa sArI pratiSThA maLelI che. atulanuM nayanaramya udyoganagara 4.36 co.ki.mI.nA vistAramAM vaseluM che. tenI pazcime relave lAina che ne pUrve muMbaI tarapha jato hAIve che. dakSiNe pAra nadI vahe che, jenA para be nAnakaDA baMdha bAMdhIne vizALa jaLarAzino saMcaya karelo che. atulanI vIjaLInI jarUriyAta paikI nevuM TakA jeTalI vIjaLI rAjya Scanned by CamScanner

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100 paraMparA ane pragati vidyuta borDa taraphathI maLe che ne bAkInI pote utpanna karI le che. zarUAtamAM videzI niSNAtonI madada levI paDatI paNa pachIthI badhA ja bhAratIya niSNAtonI sevAo upalabdha thaI che. te ja rIte sthAnika mANaso ane sAmagrI atulamAM prathama pasaMdagI pAme che. AsapAsanA dasa kilomITara jeTalA vistAramAMthI AvatAM sADA pAMca hajAra jeTalA mANasone ahIM kAyamI rojI maLe che. eTalI ja bIjI saMkhyAne bAMdhakAma tema ja vikAsakAryomAM uccaka kAma maLe che. A pradezanA lokone vadhumAM vadhu rojI ApI zakAya te hetuthI Arthika tema ja guNavattAnI dRSTie yaMtrano upayoga phAyadAkAraka lAge tevAM kAmomAM paNa sthAnika mANasono upayoga karavAnI nIti kaMpanIe apanAvelI che. atulanI vasAhatamAM 1150 ghara bAMdhelAM che. karmacArIone vIjaLI ane raheThANa sastA dare apAya che. covIse klAka pANInI sagavaDa che. kaMpanInI kenTInamAMthI sastA dare bhojana paNa apAya che. paMcAyata dvArA reDiyo tathA TI.vI. jevAM manoraMjananAM sAdhanonI suvidhA che. cAra hajAra prekSako besI zake tevuM suMdara, grIka sthApatyanuM smaraNa karAve tevuM opana eNra thiyeTara che. 'ulhAsa' jimakhAnA tathA 'udaya'ne 'mi" kalabo dvArA ramatagamata ne jJAna-saMskAranI pravRttio cAle che. lagabhaga be hajAra bALako atula taraphathI cAlatI pUrvaprAthamika, prAthamika ane mAdhyamika zALAomAM bhaNe che. kArakhAnAmAM thatA rogonA niSNAta dAktaranI rAhabarI nIce eka susajaja Arogya kendra cAle che. A pradezamAM cAlatI sAmAjika, zaikSaNika ane sAMskArika pravRttiomAM atulanA adhikArIo ane saMcAlako sakriya rasa le che. valasADamAM kelejo calAvatI saMsthA nUtana keLavaNI maMDaLa-nI sthApanA ane pragatimAM bI. ke. majumadAra ane siddhArtha kastUrabhAIno moTo phALo che. atulanA vaijJAnika niSNAto jillAmAM vijJAnanA abhyAsane protsAhana maLe te mATe prayatna kare che. vividha vaijJAnika prayogonAM sAdhano te vistAranI zALAone kolejomAM atula taraphathI vahecAya che. te ja rIte khetI mATe jarUrI sAdhano, jamInanI cakAsaNI mATeno saraMjAma vagere paNa kheDUtone ApavAmAM Ave che. 19 kudaratI Aphata vakhate pradezanI prajAnI vahAre anulanA saMcAlako ane kAryakaro doDI jAya che. grAmadattaka yojanA, bIjasahAya yojanA vagere kalyANa Scanned by CamScanner

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abhinava udhogatIrtha 101 pravRttiomAM atula mokhare rahe che. bI.ke, siddhArtha ane siddhArthanAM patnI Do. vimaLAbahena AdivAsI vistAramAM mAnavapremI sahAyako tarIke sArI cAhanA pAmela che. atula kastUrabhAInI kArakirdInuM sarvocca zikhara che. prathama paMktinA utpAdana kendra uparAMta saMskArakendranI garaja paNa sAre che te enI vizeSatA. udyogakSetre navaprasthAna darzAvatAM vividha kendro Adhunika bhArate vikasAvyAM che temAM atulane mAnabharyuM sthAna maLeluM che. A dRSTie tene abhinava udyoga tIrtha kahIe to khoTuM nathI. TIpa 1. kamu. 2. KD, II, p. 10. 3. rAmu.4.KD, pp. 39-40. 5.KD, p. 40. 6. mamu. 7. KD, p. 39. 8. mamu. 9. mamu. 10. KD, p. 53. 11. KD, p. 53. 12. mamu. 13. mamu. 14. KD, pp. 53-54. 15. mamu. 16. mamu. 17. kamu. 18. mamu. 19, simu. Scanned by CamScanner

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majUra ane mAlika 1918nI aitihAsika majUra laData pachI 1920nA phebruArInI 25mI tArIkhe mahAtmA gAMdhIjInI preraNAthI majUra mahAjana saMghanI rItasara sthApanA thaI. amadAvAda jevA udyogapradhAna zaheramAM milamAliko ane majUro vacce avAranavAra aneka bAbatomAM ane khAsa karIne vetana aMge matabheda Ubho thavAnA prasaMgo upasthita thatA rahe te svAbhAvika che. Ave vakhate baMne pakSa eka eka vyaktine paMca tarIke pasaMda kare ane paMca je cukAdo Ape tene mAthe caDAve. be paMca ekamata na thAya to ubhayane mAnya sarapaMcane Akho mAmalo soMpAya ne teno cukAdo baMnene baMdhanakartA gaNAya. AvI sAmAnya samajUtIthI baMne pakSanuM kAma cAlatuM. tene pariNAme bIjAM zaherone mukAbale amadAvAdamAM audyogika zAMti ThIka jaLavAI rahI che. mahAjananI sthApanA thaI te ja varSe majUroe pagAravadhArAnI mAgaNI karelI teno nyAya karavA gAMdhIjI ane kastUrabhAInI varaNI thaI hatI. baMnee majUronI mAgaNI aMge sahAnubhUtipUrNa vicAraNA karIne majUronA vetanamAM vadhAro karavA aMge samajUtI sAdhI hatI. e ja varSamAM milonA thraoNsala khAtAmAM kAma karatA kArIgaroe vetana vadhAravA tema ja kAmanA kalAka bAramAMthI dasa karavA mATe mAgaNI mUkI. tene aMge gAMdhIjI ane maMgaLadAsa paMca tarIke nimAyelA. gAMdhIjIe majUronI mAgaNI Scanned by CamScanner

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majUra ane mAlika 103 vAjabI gaNI paNa maMgaLadAsa temanI sAthe ekamata na thayA. eTaluM ja nahi, Ave sarapaMca mATenI darakhAsta paNa nakArI kADhI. AthI majUromAM roSa vyApyo. anasUyAbahena sArAbhAIe majUrone zAMti jALavavA samajAvyA, paNa temanI salAha avagaNIne temaNe haDatALa pADI. anasUyAbahena nArAja thayAM ane rAjInAmuM ApavA taiyAra thayAM. majUrone temanI bhUla samajAI. bIjI tarapha maMgaLadAsa che paNa pIgaLyA ane temaNe majUronI mAgaNI svIkArato cukAdo Apyo. 1921mAM majUro ne mAliko vacce bonasa aMge jhaghaDo Ubho thayo. te vakhate paNa maMgaLadAsa ane gAMdhIjI sahamata thaI zakyA nahIM. gAMdhIjIe maMgaLadAsane milanA naphAmAM majUranA vAjabI hissArUpe bonasa ApavA samajAvavAno prayatna karyo. paNa maMgaLadAsa mAnyA nahIM. vAtAvaraNa kaluSita thatuM jatuM hatuM. e vakhate mAlavIyajI maMgaLadAsa zeThane tyAM mahemAna hatA. temanuM dila A kheMcatANathI du:kha pAmyuM. temaNe maMgaLadAsa zeThane samAdhAna karavA salAha ApI. chevaTe baMne pakSe mAlavIyajIne sarapaMca tarIke cukAdo ApavA vInavyA. mAlavIyajIe majUronI tarapheNamAM cukAdo Apyo hato. 1922mAM mAlikoe majUronA pagAramAM vIsa TakAno kApa mUkavAno prastAva mUkyo. te vakhate paNa ubhaya pakSe taMgadilI sarjAI hatI. zeThiyAoe vIsa TakA kApa jAhera karyo eTale majUroe haDatALa pADI. baMne pakSa makkama hatA. haDatALamAM majUrone ghaNuM sahana karavuM paDyuM. gAMdhIjIe ane anasUyAbahene joyuM ke haDatALa lAMbI cAlatAM majUronI hiMmata bhAMgI jaze. pagAramAM kApa svIkArIne kAme caDI javA gAMdhIjIe temane salAha ApI. majUro kAme caDI gayA. paNa tene pariNAme majUra mahAjananI sabhyasaMkhyA 25,000mAMthI ghaTIne 1,500 thaI gaI. tene vadhAravA mATe 1929 sudhI mahAjananA kAryakartAone khUba jahemata uThAvavI paDelI. pagArakApa 20 TakAmAMthI ghaTADIne mAlikoe pAchaLathI 15 TakA karyo hato. tene anusarIne muMbaInI miloe 1925mAM majUronA vetanamAM ghaTADo karavAnuM jAhera karyuM. A jAherAtanuM ghaNuM gaMbhIra pariNAma AvyuM. muMbaInI tamAma milomAM haDatALa paDI. majara ke mAlika bemAMthI eke pakSa namatuM jokhavA taiyAra na hato. haDatALanuM vAtAvaraNa tUTaka tUTaka traNa varSa lagI rahyuM. ATalI Scanned by CamScanner

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104 paraMparA ane pragati lAMbI haDatALa paDI tenAthI vahemAIne muMbaInA keTalAka zeThiyAo kahevA lAgyA ke muMbaImAM ATalo lAMbo samaya haDatALa cAlu rahe te mATe amadAvAdanA milamAliko paisA kharce che! kastUrabhAIe A jANyuM tyAre hasIne kahyuM: "AnAthI vadhAre mUrkhAIbharelo AkSepa bIjo kayo hoI zake? - 1928mAM amadAvAdamAM paNa lagabhaga evo ja prasaMga Ubho thayo. majUroe mahAjananI mAraphate milamAliko pAse vetana-vadhArAnI mAgaNI mUkI. pharIthI gAMdhIjI ane maMgaLadAsa paMca tarIke niyukta thayA. chevaTanI carcA mATe maMgaLadAsa zeTha gAMdhIjI pAse AzramamAM gayA. zaMkaralAla beMkara paNa sAthe hatA. gAMdhIjI ane maMgaLadAsa vacce vaLI maDAgAMTha paDI. gAMdhIjI A jhaghaDo vAjabI rIte pate ema icchatA hatA paNa maMgaLadAsa TasanA masa thatA na hatA. gAMdhIjIno ukela temane mAnya na hato; na to temano ukela gAMdhIjIne mAnya hato. chevaTe koI paNa nirNaya lIdhA vinA sau UbhA thayA ne gAMdhIjInA khaMDamAMthI bahAra AvyA. kastUrabhAI thoDeka dUra UbhA hatA. temane bolAvIne gAMdhIjIe kahyuM: "maMgaLadAsane samAdhAna karavA samajAvo." kastUrabhAIe temane samajAvavA prayatna karyo paNa vyartha. chevaTe sva. dI. ba. kRSNalAla mohanalAla jhaverInI sarapaMca tarIke niyukti thaI. temaNe ApelA cukAdA pramANe gAMdhIjIe sUcavela dhoraNanA karatAM ghaNuM vadhAre milamAlikoe cUkavavuM paDyuM hatuM. 1933-34mAM pagAra aMgenI bhAMjagaDa hatI te '35mAM samajUtI thatAM zamI gayelI. paNa bIje varSe mAlikoe vetanamAM 20 TakA kApanI darakhAsta mUkI. gAMdhIjI ane kastUrabhAI paMca hatA. gAMdhIjIe vetanakApano virodha karyo. kastUrabhAI vIsa TakAthI dasa TakA sudhI UtaryA paNa gAMdhIjIne te mAnya nahotuM. jasTisa maDagAMvakarane sarapaMca tarIke kAma karavA vinaMtI karavAmAM AvI. maDagAMvare kApane ayogya TharAvato cukAdo ApatAM kaheluM ke "mila ejanTa ke mUDIrokanAranA naphA mATe jIvatAjAgatA kArIgarane nirjIva yaMtra jevo gaNavAno, teno upayoga karI laI bhaMgAranA DhagalA para pheMkI devAno ane sarakAra ke sthAnika saMsthAo saMbhALe to ThIka, nahi to kaMI nahi, evI vRtti rAkhavAno samaya kyAranoya cAlyo gayo che."7 A ghaTanAnI kastUrabhAI para UMDI asara thaI. temaNe mAlikone A Scanned by CamScanner

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midtzens, namAjo rAgA madhya nahIM meM rakhI madada to cho tabhI mana kI kadhI nte mana kase kAyana kara kApaNAma sANe hata to hu bazd qyAka ta), hathe AmAkA lagAnI nabhA gulabArI jAra meM mADalu chune kvAba mAgu chu mAU~ nibedhanatA bhAratUna l zarmIle pakSa huna gayo pasA saMdabhAgne kAraNa sagI ApaNa manutasya kArabhAnatA kAyA ka naga nian tako hajakAranAma tal taka mAThI vijanI TelIna chate ni kAlAya tasma keka kAyama kArya mana naMparaMtha baDhI taralo taairi jA ) hAye se avazya paMsanI mAvI vApa paDe vAna paMdana varSakI sajtI thkn sthiti rahI nA pAnI pArI saMghAtI paTu Geet mvaza, all arrznin malA kA jAtaka kao cayana) zakrAya tara to kArya Intel Con 19124/35 Prehome. hiMdI. mahAtmA gAMdhIjIno zrI kastUrabhAI parano patra juo pU. 104 Scanned by CamScanner

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aineM : : 2- A A fance toolnica jaref ar main watej 18 A2-1 ey2, ..4 37 AAA+( en 2. 22 3 ++ek 41 4. - 31 3 - 2h45 o Anh 94: MH 4: +n ntutd, M L (en~ 4) n. 1, 2,644 1 11 2. 3 4 11- 3 - 31 dwng e p 4 3, 314 - * 1-1 4 2 1 (' ' - 2 76 aouen, ciu saradAra vallabhabhAI paTelano zrI kastUrabhAI parano patra juo pR. 117 Scanned by CamScanner

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majUra ane mAlika 105 cukAdA pramANe vartavA bhArapUrvaka anurodha karyo hato. 1938nA mArcathI noTisa ApIne milamAlika maMDaLe paMcanI prathAno aMta ANavAno nirNaya karyo. 1939mAM paMcanI prathAno emaNe chaDecoka bhaMga karyo. Ano virodha karavA tA. 25-2-39nA roja majUronI sabhA bharAI. laDatanI nobata vAgI. paNa hiradAsa acaratalAla ane anasUyAbahena vacce chellI ghaDIe samAdhAna thayuM. baMne pakSe audyogika adAlatanI lavAdI svIkArI. 1958mAM atulamAM traNa mahinAnI haDatALa paDI hatI. majUra mahAjana tyAM sudhI pahoMceluM nahotuM. AraMbhamAM eka tophAnI mANasane chUTo karelo temAMthI majUra mahAjananA kAryakartAone vacce nAkhIne sthAnika AgevAnoe chUTA karelA mANasane pAcho levAnA muddA para haDatALa paDAvelI. kastUrabhAI paradeza javAnA hatA. te nIkaLyA te vakhate haDatALanA bhaNakArA vAgatA hatA. majumadAre temane paristhitino khyAla Apyo tyAre kastUrabhAIe temane kahyuM : "koI paNa udyoga pagabhara thAya te pahelAM tene AmAMthI eka vAra pasAra thavuM paDe che. dabANane vaza thavuM hoya to mArI nA nathI." majumadArane mAthe haDatALano sAmano karavAnuM AvyuM. sarakAra pahelAM vacce nA paDI. mAmalo adAlate pahoMcyo. korTe atulanI tarapheNamAM cukAdo Apyo. paNa A lAMbA gALA daramyAna 85 TakAthI 90 TakA mANaso haDatALa para hatA. temanI jagAe navA baso mANasone lIdhA. bhaviSyamAM navA plAnTamAM emane samAvI levAnI gaNatarI hatI. kastUrabhAI paradezathI pAchA AvyA. muMbaI mANasa mokalIne majumadAre temane saghaLI hakIkatathI vAkepha karyA. khaMDubhAI temane maLyA. kastUrabhAIe haDatALa binazarate pAchI kheMcavAnuM kahyuM. khaMDubhAIe darekedarekane pAchA levA kahyuM. kastUrabhAIe kahyuM: "tophAnI tattvone laI zakAya nahIM." khaMDubhAIe jemane kAraNe cinagArI saLagI hatI temane mAphI mAgavA kahyuM. tema thayuM nahIM. navA mANaso para vagaDAmAM humalA thayA. temAM traNa mANaso mRtyu pAmyA ane Dajhana jeTalAne gaMbhIra IjAo thaI. khUna thayA pachI jillAnA polIsa vaDAne phona karavA chatAM AvyA nahIM. eTale majumadAre te vakhatanA muMbaInA khaMtapradhAna yazavaMtarAva cavANa para aMgata mANasa dvArA patra mokalyo. Scanned by CamScanner

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16 paraMparA ane pragati temAM lakhyuM ke "keraLanI sAmyavAdI sarakAra karatAM koMgresa sarakAra sArI zI rIte kahI zakAya?" tarata ja muMbaIthI polIsa AvI. Dajhana jeTalA mANasone giraphatAra kya. haDatALa binazarate pAchI kheMcavAmAM AvI. 40-50 mANasa sivAya badhA ja majUrone kAma para lIdhA. dhIme dhIme rahI gayelAmAMthI paNa moTA bhAganAne pAchA lIdhA. haDatALane kAraNe proviDanTa phaMDa, gregyuITI ane nokarInA sAtatyano bhaMga thayelo te joDI Apyo. ' atulanI sthApanA thaI tyArathI sthAnika mANasone ja kAma ApavAnI nIti kastUrabhAIe rAkhelI. haDatALanA prasaMge thayeluM manadu:kha thoDA vakhatamAM ja baMne pakSe bhUMsAI gayuM. valasADa jillAnI AdivAsI janatA ane grAmalokoe atulane potAnA ja kArakhAnA tarIke apanAvyuM che ne atulanA saMcAlakoe temanI sukhAkArImAM potAnuM zreya joyuM che. 1977mAM kastUrabhAI atulanA ceramenapadethI nivRtta thayA, te prasaMge haDatALano nirdeza karatAM pazcAttApanA bhAva sAthe kArIgarabhAIone thayela duHkha badala dilagIrI vyakta karIne temanI kSamA cAhI hatI. majUro pratyenA vartAvamAM kastUrabhAInuM valaNa hamezAM madhyamamArgI rahyuM che. majUro sukhI haze to milanuM utpAdana vadhaze ne ApaNe paNa sukhI thaIzuM evo khyAla milamAlika tarIke temanA manamAM hato. AthI teo majUronA kalyANanI pravRttimAM, potAnI maryAdAmAM rahIne paNa, sakriya rasa letA. temaNe rAyapura milamAM majUronAM bALako mATe 'bAlagRha rUpiyA pacIsa hajAranA kharce taiyAra karAvyuM hatuM. tenuM udghATana karavA mATe gAMdhIjIne vinaMtI karelI. tenA anusaMdhAnamAM tA. 26-4-28nA roja temaNe gAMdhIjIne nIce mujaba patra lakhyo hato: pUjya mahAtmAjI 10 rAyapura milanI kesa ApanA zubhahasate ughADavAnuM maMgaLavAra tA. 1lI me e sAMjanA savA cha vAgatAM rAkhyuM che. mane AzA che ke te vakhata Apane anukULa Avaze. mArI moTara Apane levA Ama upara maMgaLavAre sAMjanA moklIza. Scanned by CamScanner

Page #133
majUra ane mAlika 107 te prasaMge be zabda je huM bolavA icchuM chuM tenI kaoNpI prathamathI ApanA tarapha mokalIza. li. sevaka kastUrabhAInA vaMdemAtaram teno javAba gAMdhIjIe te ja divase nIce mujaba Apyo hato: satyAgrahAzrama sAbaramatI . 26-4-28 bhAIzrI kastUrabhAI, tamAro kAgaLa maLyo che. huM maMgaLavArane divase savA cha vAgye pahoMcavA hAjara thavA taiyAra thaI rahIza. tamArA bhASaNanI rAha joIza. mohanadAsanA vuiM. mA. udghATananA Agale divase kastUrabhAInuM bhASaNa pote vAMcI gayA che ane temAM kaMI sudhAro sUcavavA jevuM lAgatuM nathI evI ciThThI gAMdhIjIe temane moklI hatI. udghATana prasaMge kastUrabhAIe majUronA hita mATe sagavaDo ApavAno umaLako darzAvelo ne livara bradharse "porTa sanalAITanI yojanA karelI tevI yojanA kravAno manasUbo jAhera karyo hato. gAMdhIjIe te ugAro kastUrabhAIne ane amadAvAdane zobhA Ape tevA che, ema kahyuM. vaLI muMbaIno 'ulkApAta" amadAvAdamAM nathI ema kahIne kastUrabhAIe teno yaza gAMdhIjIne Apelo te temaNe zaMkaralAla ane anasUyAbahenane Apyo ne amadAvAdanA mAlikomAM 'dayAbhAva che ema svIkAryuM. paNa, sAthe sAthe evI Takora karI ke "porTa sanalAITa' ApaNo Adarza nathI, tyAM paNa majara ane mAlikanA vibhAgo che. ApaNe to e bheda miTAvIne majUra ane mAlika vacce pitAputra jevo saMbaMdha sthApavo che ane chevaTe majUra mahAjanane kazuM karavApaNuM rahe ja nahIM evI Adarza sthiti lAvavAno prayatna milamAlikoe karavAno che ema kahyuM? A prasaMganI kasturabhAI upara UMDI asara thaI. alabatta, majUra ane mAlikanA vibhAga miTAve evI gAMdhIjInI kalpanAthI vAstavika paristhiti Scanned by CamScanner

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108 paraMparA ane pragati ghaNI dUra rahelI che. chatAM audyogika zAMti jaLavAI rahe eTalA khAtara ja majUro pratye kUNuM valaNa rAkhavuM e pUratuM nathI; paraMtu majUrane mila pratye mamatva jAge e mATe tenA hitanI vividha yojanAo amalamAM mUkIne tene kAyamanI Arthika nizcitatA prApta thAya e dizAmAM prayatno karavAnI preraNA temane A prasaMgathI maLI. gAMdhIjInuM svapnuM to temanI nikaTatAno dAvo karanAra ghanazyAmadAsa biralA, aMbAlAla sArAbhAI ke kastUrabhAIe traNa udyogapatimAMthI eke siddha karI zakayA nathI. paraMtu anyanI apekSAe majUro pratye mAnavatAbharyo vyavahAra karavAnuM valaNa temanAmAM jovA maLe che ene gAMdhIjInA sAnnidhyanI parokSa asara gaNI zakAya. jUnI paraMparA mujaba potAnA mANaso pratye kuTuMbabhAva rAkhavAnuM valaNa kastUrabhAImAM prathamathI che. milamAM kAma karatA tamAma karmacArIonAM sukhadu:khamAM bhAga levo, sAremAThe prasaMge temane paDakhe UbhA rahevuM, eka vAra nokarImAM rAkhyA pachI sAmAnya rIte chUTo nahIM karavo ane nivRtti bAda tene AjIvikA pUratuM rakSaNa maLe tevI jogavAI karavI e temanA vahIvaTanI viziSTatA che. AtmIyatA darzAvatI temanI A nItine kAraNe kastUrabhAIne tyAM bIjAne mukAbale ocho pagAra maLato hovA chatAM ghaNA mANaso tyAM nokarI karavAnuM vadhu pasaMda kare che. TIpa 1. asAjI, pR. 80.2. 75-76. 4. asAjI, pR. 78. 7. asAjI, pR. 79-80. 11. gAM, 36, 343, 8. asAjI, pR. 74-76. 5. KD, p. 9. sAjI, gu. 82. 9. 3. sAjI, mu. 6. KD, p. 14. 10. kapa. mamu. Scanned by CamScanner

Page #135
rASTrIya raMgapITha para gAMdhIjIe svadezInI hilacAla zarU karelI tenA aMgarUpe videzI mAlanA bahiSkAranuM AMdolana paNa cAlyuM hatuM. dezamAM briTiza kApaDa jeTaluM hoya teTaluM kAM to paradeza mokalI devuM athavA to bALI devuM evo Adeza temaNe Apelo. tene pariNAme dezamAM TheraThera videzI mAlanI hoLI thavA lAgI hatI. A rIte paradezI kApaDano nAza thavAthI kApaDanI kheMca UbhI thAya teno lAbha milavALA kApaDanA bhAva vadhArIne na uThAve te jovAnuM hatuM. Ane mATe carcA karavA sAru gAMdhIjIe kastUrabhAIne bolAvyA. temaNe kahyuM: videzIno bahiSkAra thAya tene lIdhe dezI kApaDanA bhAva vadhavA joIe nahIM, paNa sthira rahevA joIe." rU jo vAjabI bhAve maLe ane tenA bhAva sthira rahe to ja e banI zake. rUnA bhAvano AdhAra amerikana rUnA bhAva para hovAthI ahIMyAM dararoja rUnA . bhAva badalAtA rahe che eTale dezI milanA kApaDanA bhAva sthira rAkhavAnuM muzkela hoya che." kastUrabhAIe samajAvyuM. A prazna ahIM ja aTakyo. sadbhAgye A gALAmAM milonA kApaDano bhAva khAsa vadhyo nahIM. eTale dezanI milonA mAliko para te aMge apavAda Avato aTakyo. ahIMthI videzI kApaDane bIjA koI dezamAM nikAsa karI zakAya ke nahIM?" Scanned by CamScanner

Page #136
110 paraMparA ane pragati gAMdhIjIe pUchayuM. "pacAsa TakA kApaDa nikAsa thaI zake. kema ke dhotI ane sADIno paheraveza bIjA dezomAM hoto nathI eTale te sivAyano bAkInA pacAsa TakA jeTalo mAla ja paradezamAM khapavAnI AzA rAkhI zakAya."' kastUrabhAIe kahyuM. gAMdhIjIne A dalIla jI nahIM. temaNe videzI mAlanA bahiSkAranI jhuMbeza evA jussAthI uThAvI ke doDhaso karoDa vAra jeTaluM briTiza kApaDa ahIM AyAta thatuM hatuM te ghaTIne eka ja varSamAM 33 karoDa jeTaluM thaI gayuM! briTanane mATe A jabaro Arthika phaTako hato. briTanane haMphAvavAno A eka mukhya moraco hato. eTale rAjadvArI netAoe khAdInAM kapaDAM vAparavAno joradAra pracAra karyo. A pravRttine anuSaMge amadAvAdanA milamAlikoe svadezI sabhAnI racanA karI. A sabhAnA sabhyoe kevaLa bhAratamAM utpanna thayelI vastuo vAparavAnuM vrata levuM paDatuM. svadezI sUtara ane sTora upalabdha hoya chatAM tene sthAne videzI vApare teno moTo daMDa karavAnuM TharAvyuM hatuM. keTalIka milomAM videzI mAlano upayoga thato mAlUma paDatAM temano daMDa paNa karavAmAM Avelo. svadezI sabhAne koMgresanI svIkRti prApta thAya te mATe kastUrabhAI IMtejAra hatA. amadAvAdamAM sthapAyelI A svadezI sabhAmAM joDAvA mATe muMbaInA milamAliko ghaNA Atura hatA; paraMtu stUrabhAIe sAvadhAnIpUrvaka temane dUra rAkhyA hatA. muMbaInI amuka milonA mAliko briTiza hatA ane temAM ekarAganuM vAtAvaraNa na hatuM. e vakhate koMgresanA pramukha paMDita motIlAla neharu hatA. svadezI sabhA aMge temane maLavA mATe kastUrabhAI muMbaI gayA. zaMkaralAla beMkarane AnI jANa thatAM teo paNa muMbaI gayA. kastUrabhAIe svadezI sabhAno itihAsa Apyo ane kahayuM: "oMgrese svadezI sabhAne mAnya saMsthA tarIke apanAvavI joIe." svadezI sabhAnA moTA bhAganA sabhyo milamAliko che, eTale jo tame ene keMgresanI mAnya saMsthA tarIke svIkRti Apazo to keMgrese puraskArelI khAdI-pravRttine hAni pahoMcaze." zaMkaralAla beMkare motIlAlajIne kahyuM. gAMdhIjI e vakhate jelamAM hatA. Scanned by CamScanner

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rASTrIya raMgapITha para 111 baMnene sAMbhaLyA bAda motIlAlajIe kastUrabhAIne kahyuM: "tame amadAvAdamAM sthApelI svadezI sabhAne koMgresa vidhisara svIkRti Apaze." "are, are, Apa A zuM karo cho? ApanA A pagalAthI gAMdhIjIne kevuM lAgaze teno to vicAra karo." zaMkaralAla baeNMkara akaLAIne bolyA. "koMgresano pramukha huM chuM; gAMdhIjI nathI." motIlAlajIe hoTha bIDIne javAba Apyo. zaMkaralAlanI AMkhamAM AMsu hatAM. pachIthI A prazna aMge gAMdhIjI ane motIlAlajI vacce lAMbo patravyavahAra cAlyo. koMgresamAM paNa svadezI sabhA vize lAMbI carcA cAlI. svadezI sabhAnA oThA nIce keTalIka miloe jADuM kApaDa utpanna karIne khAdIne nAme vecavAnI ceSTA paNa karI hatI. tenAthI gAMdhIjIne ghaNuM du:kha thayuM. chevaTe temaNe videzI mAlanA bahiSkAramAM khAdIne apanAvavAnI vAta ja AgaLa karavAno Agraha rAkhyo hato. 1927nA julAImAM gujarAtamAM ativRSTine kAraNe bhAre rela AvI hatI, jyAM dara varSe sarerAza trIsa iMca varasAda thato tyAM eka aThavADiyAmAM ja bAMtera IMca varasAda paDaco. makAno, rastA ane pAkane puSkaLa nukasAna pahoMcyuM hatuM. ekalA amadAvAda zaheramAM be hajArathI vadhu gharo paDI gayAM hatAM. hajAro loko gharabAra vagaranA banI, mAlamilakata choDIne, jAna bacAvavA pahe lUgaDe nIkaLI paDyA hatA. majUra ane garIba varganA lattA to pANImAM DUbI gayA hatA. gujarAta ane saurASTramAM thayelI tArAjIno joTo AgalAM pacAsa varSamAM jaDe tema nahoto. saradAra vallabhabhAI e vakhate amadAvAda myunisipAliTInA pramukha hatA. varasAdanI helIthI thatA nukasAnano vicAra AvatAM aDadhI rAte teo potAne gherathI cAlatA cAlatA myunisipala enjiniyarane ghera pahoMcyA. temane jagADIne temanI dvArA kAmadArone ekatra karyA ane bharAI gayelAM pANIno rasto sApha karAvyo. traNa divasa ane traNa rAta khaDe page rahIne saradAre zaheramAM rAhatanuM kAma saMgaThita karyuM. Scanned by CamScanner

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112 paraMparA ane pragati paraMtu kharuM kAma gAmaDAMone sahAya pahoMcADavAnuM hatuM. anAja, kapaDAM ane ghara UbhAM karavAM mATe lAkho rUpiyAnuM bhaMDoLa ekatra karavAnuM hatuM. temaNe kasturabhAIno saMparka sAdhIne rAhatanI yojanA ghaDI kADhI. "rAhatanI jhoLImAM tame keTalA Apazo?" saradAre kastUrabhAIne sIdho savAla karyo. "mArA bhAIo ane huM maLIne pacIsa hajAra ApIzuM." "keTalI tArAjI thaI che teno khyAla che?" vallabhabhAIe pUchayuM. "che to ghaNI gaMbhIra paristhiti." "tamAre eka lAkha rUpiyA ApavA paDaze." "pahelAM maMgaLadAsa zeThane maLIe." kasturabhAIe kahyuM. baMne maMgaLadAsa zeThane ghera gayA. saradAre relathI thayela nuksAnano citAra Apyo ane kahyuM: "tamAre dareke ekeka lAkha rUpiyA ApavA paDaze. tame, maphatalAla zeTha, aMbAlAla sArAbhAI ane kasturabhAIe." maMgaLadAsa zeThe maganuM nAma marI pADyA vinA kahyuM: "vicAra karI jouM. be divasa pachI Avajo." pachInA somavAre baMne mitro pharIthI maMgaLadAsane tyAM pahoMcyA tyAre temaNe vigate vicAra karI rAkhyo hato. "juo," temaNe kahyuM, "ame dareka jaNa pacIsa hajAra phALA tarIke ApIe ane pacAsa hajAra vyAjamukta lona tarIke ApIe. temAMthI beghara banelA lokone ghara bAMdhavA mATe lona ApI zakAya." "bhale." saradArane saMtoSa thayo. "maphatalAla zeThanI rakama huM meLavI ApIza ne aMbAlAla sArAbhAI pAsethI kastUrabhAI ugharAvI le." maMgaLadAse kahyuM. aMbAlAla zeTha e vakhate ziloMga havA khAvA mATe gayA hatA. kastUrabhAInA jevo maMgaLadAsa zeThane phALo ugharAvavAno anubhava nahoto. chatAM A prasaMge saradAra ane kastUrabhAInI sAthe keTalAka agragaNya dhanikone tyAM e kAma mATe teo pharyA hatA. ' zeThazrI motIlAla hIrAbhAIne tyAM eka sAMje tripuTI pahoMcI. vayovRddha Scanned by CamScanner

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rASTrIya raMgapITha para 113 zeThe temane umaLakAbhera AvakAra Apyo. temanA hAthamAM zetaraMjI hatI te batAvatAM bolyA : "A zetaraMjI hamaNAM ja kharIdI. zI kiMmata haze, kaho joIe?" jhINI AMkha karIne zeThe kastUrabhAIne pUchyuM. "khabara nathI. pacAsa ApyA?" kastUrabhAIe kahyuM. "are, pacAsa hoya ? paMdara ApyA." DosAnA mukha para vijayanuM smita hatuM. vallabhabhAI ane kastUrabhAI to temanI vAtathI DaghAI ja gayA. temane thayuM: paMdara rUpiyAnI zetaraMjI kharIdanAra keTaluM ApavAnA hatA? saradAre relathI thayelI kharAbInI vigato ApIne Agamanano hetu samajAvyo. jarA paNa AnAkAnI vagara motIlAla zeThe paMdara hajAra phALAmAM ane pAMtrIsa hajAra lona tarIke ApyA. saradAra ane kastUrabhAInI gaNatarI khoTI paDI. potAne mATe karakasara karanAranuM hradaya dukhiyAMne mATe keTaluM udAra thaI zake che! "AnuM nAma mANasAI." saradAra bolyA. thoDA divasa pachI aMbAlAla sArAbhAI amadAvAda AvyA. kastUrabhAIe temane vigatavAra yojanA samajAvI. "mAre mArA majUrone mATe moTI rakama ApavAnI che eTale dilagIra chuM, tame nakkI karelI rakama nahIM apAya." aMbAlAla sArAbhAIe kahyuM. temaNe dasa hajAra rUpiyA ApyA. "He has always been unpredictable." kastUrabhAI svagata bolyA.pa dasa lAkha rUpiyAnuM bhaMDoLa ekatra thayuM. tene mATe saMkaTa rAhata samitinI racanA karavAmAM AvI. tenA maMtrI tarIke dAdAsAheba mAvaLaMkara ane kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI hatA. A simita taraphathI jemanI jamIna dhovAI gaI hatI temane jamIna sarakhI karAvI ApIne bI vagerenI jarUrI sagavaDa karI ApavAmAM AvI. makAna mATenI lonanA karArapatra taiyAra karIne dAdAsAhebe gAmaDAMmAM lonanI rakamo vaheMcavAnI vyavasthA UbhI karI hatI. lonanAM nANAM dasa varSa sudhI hapate hapate pAchAM meLavavAnAM hatAM. Scanned by CamScanner

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paraMparA ane pragati prajAnI pAsethI rAhata mATenuM bhaMDoLa ekaThuM karavAnI sAthe saradAre muMbaI sarakAra pAsethI paNa tenA duSkALa rAhata nidhimAMthI madada meLavI hatI. te vakhatanA nANAmaMtrI sara cunIlAla mahetA dvArA gujarAta-saurASTra mATe temaNe eka karoDa ne trIsa lAkha rUpiyA maMjUra karAvyA hatA. kastUrabhAIe A vakhate kasAyelA kAryakara tarIke saradAranI paDakhe rahIne rAhatanAM vividha kendronuM saMkalana samartha rIte karI batAvyuM hatuM. 114 1927mAM amadAvAda myunisipAliTInI navI cUMTaNI thaI. temAM aMbAlAla sArAbhAI tathA kastUrabhAIne sarakAre niyukta karyA. aMbAlAla sArAbhAIe alaga pakSa Ubho karelo temAM vakIla dolatarAma, maNilAla caturabhAI tathA DaoN. TaMkAriyA vagere hatA. vallabhabhAI pramukha hatA. temanA TekedAromAMthI keTalAka aMbAlAlane pakSe jatAM vallabhabhAInI bahumatIne asara thayelI. myunisipAliTInA cIpha oNphisara bhagatanA prakaraNamAM aMbAlAla sArAbhAI ane vallabhabhAI vacce ugra matabheda pragaTa thayo. A vivAdane kAraNe dharmasaMkaTamAM mukAyelA kastUrabhAIe borDanA sabhyapadethI rAjInAmuM ApyuM. chevaTe eka vadhu matathI myunisipAliTInA cIpha oNphisara tarIke bhagatane rAkhavAno TharAva pasAra thayo eTale saradAre pramukhapadethI rAjInAmuM ApyuM. pahelAM bAraDolI satyAgrahanA ne pachI dezabharanA svAtaMtryayuddhanA saradAra thavA mATe vallabhabhAIne vAste kadAca e IzvarI saMketa haze. paMDita motIlAla neharu, saradAra vallabhabhAI ane dAdAsAheba mAvaLaMkara jevA netAo sAthenA gADha saMbaMdhane kAraNe kastUrabhAI rASTrIya pravRttimAM dinapratidina sakriya rasa letA jatA hatA. gAMdhIjInA paNa vizvAsanuM pAtra banI gayA hatA. tA. 20-4-28nA roja teo kastUrabhAIne eNnDrUjhane amerikA javA mATenA kharcano prabaMdha karavA sAru patra lakhe che. TiLaka svarAja phaMDanAM nANAM milamAlikoe bharelAM tenA vahIvaTamAM 'mArI paNa salAha levI evI zarata che' ema kahIne gAMdhIjI te nANAMno majUrone mATe upayoga karAvavA sAru milamAlikonI sabhA bharavA kastUrabhAI, maMgaLadAsa ane goradhanabhAIne saMyukta rIte saMbodhelA tA. 4-3-30nA patramAM jaNAve che. sAthe sAthe potAne 11 mArcathI jelaprayANa karavAnuM banavAno saMbhava paNa nirdeze che. tA. 7-3-30nA roja Scanned by CamScanner

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Ing der Kastinbhai. RETREAT, SHAHIBAG. AHMEDABAD. 25.3.28 Thanks. In the back and from the Nobrow by 4.30pm. fired to your will Lones. So Jon Smart Monlal war zrI motIlAla neharune zrI kastUrabhAI parano patra juo pR. 114 Scanned by CamScanner

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my dear Kaslundhar, sistemu ponad lia lm Anand Bhawsan 20710 We have fixa 9.30 parbatly be more convenient to rovala will shall and auther This also how will all parte. for therefer king come by 9.30? of sm with be in ample time. I at 9.20 m lia car a.m for the. zrI javAharalAla neharuno zrI kastUrabhAI parano patra Jonhandel Malay juo pR. 69 Scanned by CamScanner

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rASTrIya raMgapITha para 115 tarabhAI tenA javAbamAM potAne dilhI javAnuM hoI sabhA be divasa moDI rAkhavA vinaMtI kare che. pachI gAMdhIjI dAMDIkUca kare che. kastUrabhAI gAMdhIjIne mArcanA chellA . aThavADiyAmAM nIce mujaba patra lakhe che: pUjya mahAtmAjI, - amadAvAdanA lagabhaga badhA ja mila ejanToe ApanA pratyeno pUjyabhAva darzAvavA ane Apane vaMdana karavA tA. 1lI eprile sarata AvavA nakkI karyuM che. amArI Trena atrethI sAta vAgye UpaDI agiyAra vAgye surata pahoMcaze. bapore be ane cAra vAgyAnI vacce ApanI pAse chAparAbhAra AvI pahoMcIzuM. to AzA che ke te samaye amArI ApanI pratyenI lAgaNI pradarzita karavAnI taka Apazo. sevaka kastUrabhAInAM vaMdana gAMdhIjI tA. 31-3-30nA roja teno javAba lakhe che: bhAI kastUrabhAI,11 tamArA patrane sAru AbhArI thayo chuM. sahu bhAIo jarUra padhArazo. ApaNe sukhadu:khanI vAto karazuM. mohanadAsanA vaM. mA. speziyala TrenamAM amadAvAdanA badhA ja mila ejanTo gAMdhIjIne maLavA gayA tenI vigatavAra noMdha deza-paradezanAM akhabAroe lIdhI hatI. svadezI sabhAe amadAvAdanA vepArIo pAse paDeluM paradezI kApaDa laI levAno TharAva karelo teno amala karavAmAM vilaMba thAya che e bhayaMkara che ema mane lAge che ema tA. 30-5-31nA roja kasturabhAI paranA patramAM gAMdhIjI lakhe che ane teno jhaTa nikAla karavA temane teo AgrahapUrvaka jaNAve che. bIje ja divase kasturabhAI lakhe che ke "A praznano nikAla jema bane tema jaladI karavA mArAthI banato prayatna jarUra karIza." e ja rIte videzI mAla paradeza mokalavAnI kaMpanImAM amadAvAda taraphathI bahu thoDAM ja nAma bharAyelAM Scanned by CamScanner

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116 paraMparA ane pragati te aMge gAMdhIjI kasturabhAIne phariyAda kare che ane tamArA zera bharAI cukyA che e basa nathI' ema tA. 26-7-31nA patramAM lakhIne te aMge sakriya thavA jaNAve che.12 gAMdhIjInA aitihAsika upavAsa vakhate mAtAnI mAMdagIne kAraNe kasturabhAI rUbarU jaI zakatA nathI. paraMtu tA. 26-9-3ranA patra dvArA temanI tabiyatanA samAcAra puchAve che ke have to vaDA pradhAna satvara nirNaya ApI de ane Ape pAraNuM karyuM che te jANavA AturatA vyakta kare che. gAMdhIjI jelamAMthI mohinAbAnI tabiyatanA samAcAra puchAve che ne pachI (19-12-3ranA roja) mohinAbAnA avasAna aMge AzvAsanano tAra kare che.13 pachI 1934-35-36nAM varSomAM majUronA pagArakApa vize milamAlika maMDaLe karelA TharAva aMge baMne vacce lAMbo patravyavahAra cAle che. gAMdhIjInA avasAna sudhI temano kastUrabhAI sAthe patravyavahAra tema ja avAranavAra rUbarU mulAkAtathI saMbaMdha cAlu rahyo hato. dAMDIkUca pachI gAMdhIjI satyAgrahAzramamAM pAchA AvelA nahIM. paNa satyAgraha pachI amadAvAda AvyA tyAre raNachoDalAla zodhananA baMgale UtaryA hatA. te vakhate temanA jANavAmAM AvyuM ke trIsanI laData daramyAna amuka TrasTanAM nANAM kharacI nAkhavAmAM AvyAM che. TrasTanAM nANAM kastUrabhAI pAse rahetAM hatAM. eTale temaNe kastUrabhAIne tAbaDatoba patra lakhIne bolAvyA. e vakhate kastUrabhAI dakSiNanA pravAsamAM hatA. malabAra kinArA paranAM sthaLoe patnI ane dalAlanI sAthe bajAronuM nirIkSaNa karatA pharatA hatA. gAMdhIjIno patra AvatAM pravAsa TUMkAvIne teo amadAvAda pAchA pharyA. gAMdhIjIne maLavA gayA ke tarata ja temaNe prazna karyo: "koMgresanI laData daramyAna TrasTanAM nANAM kharcAI gayAM che te vAta sAcI?" "hA, jI." / "tame jANo cho ne ke TrasTanAM nANAM je hetu mATe TrasTa karyuM hoya tenAthI bIjA hetu mATe na vAparI zakAya?" "hA, jI. mane dAdAsAhebe kahyuM eTale nANAM ApyAM. satyAgrahamAM joDAyelA mANasonAM kuTuMbonI saMbhALa mATe koMgresa taraphathI e nANAM vAparavAmAM Scanned by CamScanner

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rASTrIya raMgapITha para 117 AvyAM che. koMgresa pAse kazI mUDI nathI e to Apa jANo cho." kasturabhAIe khulAso karyo. "e game tema hoya. TrasTanAM nANAM tene mATe na vaparAya. tamAre e nANAM TrasTamAM pAchAM mUkI devAM paDaze." starabhAI ke dAdAsAhebanI pAse Ano koI javAba nahoto. dAdAsAheba bahAragAma hatA. te AvyA ke tarata ja kastUrabhAIe kharcAyelAM nANAM TrasTamAM bharI dIdhAM.14 A varSo daramyAna kastUrabhAInuM nAma rASTrIya netAo sAthe eTaluM badhuM bolAtuM hatuM ke paradezI sarakAranI karaDI najara temanA para thayA vinA rahI nahIM. temanI pAnakora nAkA paranI peDhI para polIse daroDo pADayo. e ja divasomAM dilahIthI lAlA zrIrAmano Teliphona dvArA saMdezo Avyo ke "tamArI dharapakaDa thavAnI vakI che, taiyAra rahejo."15 polIsane kastUrabhAInI peDhImAMthI kazuM vAMdhAjanaka sAhitya maLyuM nahIM eTale temanI sAme kazuM thaI zakyuM nahIM. 1942nA oNgasTanI navamI tArIkhe muMbaInA govAliyA TekanA medAna para bharAyela koMgresa mahAsamitie videzI sarakArane khullo paDakAra karato 'hiMda choDo'no aitihAsika TharAva pasAra karyo. te divase kastUrabhAI muMbaImAM hatA. majUra mahAjana saMghanA pradhAna maMtrI khaMDubhAI desAI paNa tyAM hatA. bane te ja rAtre gujarAta melamAM eka ja DabbAmAM musApharI karatA hatA. bIje divase netAonI dharapakaDa thatAM dezanuM vAtAvaraNa ugra banaze e baMne jANatA hatA. amadAvAdamAM milamajUro haDatALa pADaze to mAmalo gaMbhIra banaze ane koI ekAda agraNIne mAthe sarakAra doSa DhoLaze ema carcA karatAM baMnene lAgyuM. eTale nakkI karyuM ke majUrone temanA vatanamAM mokalI devA, jethI na to milone mAthe javAbadArI Ave ke na to majUra mahAjanane mAthe. sauthI sAro, salAmata ane vyavahAru rasto apanAvavAnuM Ama A be agraNIoe pravAsa daramyAna ja nakkI karI lIdhuM. bIje divase savAre kastUrabhAI ghera pahoMcyA ke thoDI vAramAM aMbAlAla sArAbhAI temane maLavA AvyA. temaNe kahyuM: "netAonI dharapakaDanA virodhamAM majUro traNa divasanI haDatALa Scanned by CamScanner

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118 paraMparA ane pragati pADavAnA che." juo to kharA, zuM thAya che te." "kema ema kaho cho?" kastUrabhAIe pote khaMDubhAI sAthe karelI masalatathI temane vAkepha karyA 16 kArIgaro vatanamAM cAlyA jatAM badhI ja milo ApoApa baMdha thaI gaI. majUra ane mAlikano A prakArano sahakAra abhUtapUrva hato. amadAvAdanI milonA eka lAkha kAmadAronI A aitihAsika haDatALe duniyA AkhInuM dhyAna kheMcAyuM. bIjA vizvayuddha cAlatuM hatuM. tene mATe jarUrI kApaDanA utpAdanane traNa mAsa cAlelI A haDatALe moTo phaTako Apyo. koI jAtanI dhAMdhaladhamAla vagara, lohInuM eka buMda paNa pADyA vagara, koI eka vyaktine mAthe javAbadArI mUkyA vagara ATalI moTI saMkhyAnA kArIgaronI haDatALa ATalA lAMbA vakhata sudhI paDe te amadAvAdamAM ja banI zake. tenI paraMparAmAM paDelI koThAsUjha ane vyavahAradakSatAno e vijaya hato. - traNa mAsane aMte kastUrabhAIne lAgyuM ke have vadhu vakhata haDatALa kheMcAya te yogya nathI; haDatALano uddeza pAra paDI gayo che, eTale majUrone have kyAM sudhI bhUkhe maravA devA? khaMDubhAI jelamAM hatA tyAMthI temanI saMmati magAvI lIdhI. milo kholI nAkhavAnI jAherAta thaI. sthAnika koMgresanA keTalAka kAryakarone kastUrabhAInuM e pagaluM gamyuM nahIM. cAra yuvatIone temaNe temanA zAhIbAganA nivAsasthAne temanA nirNayanA virodharUpe upavAsa karavA moklI. kastUrabhAI makkama hatA. upavAsa karavA AvelI bahenone temaNe zAMtithI samajAvavAno prayatna karyo, paNa te mAnI nahIM. milo UghaDI gaI. te pachI cAra divase kaMTALIne cAre baheno cAlI gaI.17 potAnI maryAdAmAM rahIne paNa, rASTrIya raMgapITha para cAlatA satkAryane kastUrabhAIe hiMmata, daDhatA ane UMDI kartavyabuddhithI protsAhana ApyuM hatuM, eTaluM ja nahi, tene AgaLa dhapAvavAmAM sakriya puruSArtha paNa karyo hato. TIpa 1.KD, p. 11. 2. KD, p. 19. 3. Ane aMge gAMdhIjIe karelAM lakhANo mATe juo gAMa, 36, lekhakramAMka 120, 156, 169, 197, Scanned by CamScanner

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rASTrIya raMgapITha para 119 00, 218, 221, 256, 259, 286, 312. chellA lekhamAMnA gAMdhIjInA karA zabdo A saMdarbhamAM yAda rAkhavA jevA che: "have e dekhItI rIte spaSTa ya che ke milamAliko koMgresa sAthe kaMIka sodo karavA mAgatA hatA. A niSphaLa gayelI vATAghATothI mane du:kha thatuM nathI. tenAthI to vAtAvaraNa cokhkhuM thayuM che." (tA. 24-4-28nA roja javAharalAla neharune lakhelo patro. 4. sava-1, pR. 371-372. 5. KD, pp. 12-13. 6. sava-1, 5.371-386. 7. adI, pR. 44. 8. sava-1, pR. 366. tA. 18-4-28nI janarala borDanI sabhAmAM zeTha aMbAlAla sArAbhAInA nIcenA TharAvathI vallabhabhAInuM pramukha tarIkenuM rAjInAmuM svIkAravAmAM AvyuM hatuM: "pramukhanuM rAjInAmuM bahu dilagIrI sAthe svIkAratAM borDa temane khAtarI Ape che ke borDano vizvAsa teo dharAve che. vaLI potAnI kArakirdI daramiyAna A myunisipAliTInI je bhAre sevAo temaNe karI che tenI A borDa kadara kare che." 9. kaapa. 10.kaapa. 11.kaapa. 12.kaapa. 13.kaapa. 14.KD, pp. 21-22. 15.KD, p. 22. 16. KD, pp. 32-33. 17. KD, p. 33. Scanned by CamScanner

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svarAjaprApti pachI-- pIDha udyogapati ane kuzaLa viSTikAra tarIke stUrabhAInI khyAti svarAja AvatAM pahelAM dezabharamAM phelAyelI hatI. vANijya ane udyoganAM kSetronI temanI siddhiothI prabhAvita thaIne videzI hakUmate aneka vakhata aTapaTA praznonA ukela mATe temanI sevAo mAgI hatI tema, svarAja AvyA pachI paNa vividha dezo sAthenA Arthika ne audyogika vyavahAronA saMdarbhamAM aneka pratinidhimaMDaLonuM netRtva temane soMpIne bhArata sarakAre temanI zaktiono rASTrahitArthe upayoga karyo hato. svarAjaprApti vakhate bhAratanuM vibhAjana thavAne kAraNe karAMcI baMdara pAkistAnane bhAge gayuM hatuM. eTale uttara bhAratane upayogI nIvaDe evuM eka moTuM baMdara nakkI karavAnI svataMtra bhAratanI sarakArane tAtkAlika jarUra hatI. DaoN. jahona mathAI parivahana maMtrI hatA. saradAra vallabhabhAI gRhamaMtrI hovAthI A viSayamAM temanI paNa saMmati jarUranI hatI. Do. mathAIe baMdara pasaMdagI samitinA adhyakSapada mATe nalinIraMjana sarakAra, sara cunIlAla mahetA ane bIjA be-traNa agraNIonAM nAma mUkyAM hatAM. saradAre e badhAM rada karIne kastUrabhAI lAlabhAInuM nAma mUkyuM. DaoN. mathAI temane sArI peThe oLakhatA hatA eTale kastUrabhAInI niyukti baMdara pasaMdagI samitinA adhyakSa tarIke thaI. A samitie pUratI tapAsa ryA pachI bhArata sarakArane be baMdaro-eka kaccha ne Scanned by CamScanner

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Scanned by CamScanner zrI kastUrabhAI pazcima vibhAga baMdara samitinI beThakamAM juo pR. 121

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Scanned by CamScanner zrI kastUrabhAI ijiptamAM kuTuMba sAthe

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svaraprApti pachI. 121 saurASTranA kinAza para ne bIjuM muMbaI ane kocIna vacce vize bhalAmaNa karavAnI hatI. kannUrabhAIe samitinA sabhyonI yAdI para najara pheravI to temAM saMrakSaNa sevAomAMthI koI nahotuM. A bAbata temaNe saradAranuM ane DaoN, mAInuM dhyAna doryuM eTale miti para kamAnDara zaMkarane mUkavAmAM AvyA, mi, mUra ane mi, mittaranI niSNAta tarIke niyukti thaI hatI. samitinI prAraMbhanI beThaka muMbaI khAte maLI, temAM kAryapaddhati nakkI karavAmAM AvI, be niSNAto baMdara tarIke vikAsa pAmavAnI zakyatAvALAM tamAma sthAnonI mulAkAta le ane samitine pratyekanA guNadoSa vize vigate ahevAla Ape evuM TharAvavAmAM AvyuM. te pramANe baMne niSNAto cha mahinA dezabharamAM pharyA ne samiti samakSa ahevAla peza karyA, jAhera janatAno abhiprAya jANavA sAru vividha sthaLoe jaIne jubAnIo levAnI hatI. e krama mujaba samitie bhAvanagaranI mulAkAta lIdhI. bhAvanagara mukhya baMdara tarIke pasaMdagI pAme te mATe sva. baLavaMtarAya mahetAnI tIvra icchA hatI. temaNe vikhyAta ijanera zrI paMDyAne khAsa vimAna drArA samiti samakSa jubAnI ApavA beMgalorathI bolAvyA. bhAvanagara kAMpavALuM baMdara che. khaMbhAtanA akhAtathI bhAvanagaranI pelI bAju be mAila sudhI kAMpa jAmelo che. UlaTatapAsamAM A hakIkata AgaLa dharIne zrI paMDyA pAse kastUrabhAIe kabUla karAvyuM ke bhAvanagara moTA baMdara tarIke kAma ApI zake nahIM. bhAvanagarathI samiti jAmanagara gaI. samitinA sabhyo tyAM jAmasAhebanA mahemAna hatA. jAmanagaranI paDakhe AveluM sikkA moTA baMdara tarIke vikasavAnI kSamatA dharAvatuM hatuM. tenI pasaMdagI rASTrIya baMdara tarIke thAya ema jAmasAheba icchatA hatA. paNa sikkAnI muzkelI eka ja hatI. tenA kinArA pAsenI jamIna dariyAnI sapATIthI daseka phUTa jeTale nIce UtarI gayelI hovAthI makAno bAMdhavA sAcu pUraNI karavAmAM moTuM kharca thAya tema hatuM. e joIne simita morabI najIkanuM navalakhI baMdara jovA gaI. tyAMthI kaMDalA pahoMcavA mATe khAsa sTImalaoNnca taiyAra hatI. bhAI pratApa ane bIjA keTalAka siMdhI gRhastho kacchanA rAva sAthe jamInano sodo karIne pAchA vaLatA hatA. teo samitinI sTImalaoNncamAM caDayA. paNa kastUrabhAIe te aMge vAMdho Scanned by CamScanner

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- 122 paraMparA ane pragati - - - - - uThAvatAM temane laoNncamAMthI UtarI javuM paDayuM. baMdaranI pasaMdagI bAbata carcA karavA samiti muMbaImAM maLI. badhAM sthaLonA guNadoSa tapAsyA pachI sarvAnumate nakkI thayuM ke kaMDalA baMdarane rASTrIya kakSAe vikasavA mATe ghaNI ja zakyatA che. paraMtu kaMDalA pAkistAnanI najIka hatuM eTale e bAbata lazkarI sattAvALAono abhiprAya meLavavA kamAnDara zaMkrane vinaMtI karavAmAM AvI. keTalAka divasa pachI samiti pharIthI maLI tyAre kamAnDara zaMkare nivedana karyuM ke "laranI traNe pAMkhanI kaMDalA baMdaranI pasaMdagI bAbata saMpUrNa saMmati che. kema ke hAlanA jamAnAmAM AkramaNa ja uttama saMrakSaNa manAya che. A uparathI samitie kaMDalAne rASTrIya baMdara tarIke vikasAvavAnI bhalAmaNa karI. kastUrabhAIe saradArane A sthaLanI AsapAsanI vIsa mAIla jeTalI jamInane ArakSita jagA tarIke jAhera karI devA vinaMtI karI, jethI tenA upara saTTo khelAya nahIM. siMdhu seTalamenTa korporezane 11,000 ekara jamIna prApta karI lIdhI hatI enI kastUrabhAIne e vakhate khabara nahotI. muMbaI ane kocInanI vacce bIjA eka baMdaranI pasaMdagI karavAnI hatI. samitie te mATe mAlapI baMdara pasaMda karyuM hatuM. samitinI bhalAmaNo maLyA pachI bhArata sarakAre lAgatAvaLagatA pakSonI pariSada nyU dilhI khAte bolAvI ane temanI samakSa baMdara pasaMdagI samitine pote karelA nirNayanI yogyatA samajAvavAnuM kahevAmAM AvyuM. samitie te pramANe karyuM. pachI kaMDalA baMdaranA vikAsa mATe samiti nImavAno prazna Avyo. saradAra paTele tenA adhyakSa tarIke paNa kastUrabhAI ja kAma kare evo Agraha rAkhyo. bIjA sabhyo tarIke kuMvarajI bhAbhA, bhavAnajI arajaNa khImajI, vesTarna relavenA pratinidhi ane bhAI pratApa hatA. mirara baMdaranA vikAsa kamizanara tarIke nImAyA hatA. thoDIka beThako thaI gaI te pachI kasturabhAIe samitine kahayuM ke siMdhu seTalamenTa korporezane prApta karelI jamInamAMthI moTo bhAga temaNe sarakArane pAcho soMpI devo joIe kema ke tenuM kharca bhArata sarakAra ja ApavAnI hovAthI siMdhu Scanned by CamScanner

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svarAjaprApti pachI- 123 kalamenTa korporezana sarakArane bhoge lAbha khATI jAya te ThIka nahIM. samitinA thIja badhA sabhyo kastUrabhAInA maMtavyathI viruddha hatA. eTale kasturabhAIe tAnA maMtavyanI alaga noMdha karAvI. eka varSa bAda samitinA sarva sabhyone majAyuM ke kaMDalA mukhya baMdara tarIke vikasavAnuM haze to te sarakAra dvArA ja thaze. chevaTe siMdhu seTalamenTa korporezane bhArata sarakArane ATha hajAra ekara jamIna pAchI ApI. baMdara bAMdhavAno kastUrabhAIne anubhava nahoto. mittaranI salAhathI briTiza naukAdaLanA salAhakAra tarIke kAma karatI briTiza enjiniyara peDhIne ekAma soMpavAmAM AvyuM. tyArabAda muMbaI khAtenA Daca elacI taraphathI kastUrabhAI para patra Avyo. temAM temaNe navesara bAMdheluM karkanuM baMdara jovA mATe nimaMtraNa hatuM. kastUrabhAIe mittarane te jovA javA mATe kahyuM. te vakhate gopAlasvAmI AyaMgara parivahana maMtrI hatA. temane temaNe mirane kaMkarkanuM baMdara jovA javA devA mATe bhalAmaNa karI. gopAlasvAmIe tenA kharca aMge prazna uThAvatAM kastUrabhAIe lakhyuM ke "karoDo rUpiyAnA kharce baMdara bAMdhavAnuM che eTale tenI DijhAina nakkI karavA mATe ATaluM kharca thAya te taddana vAjabI ne jarUranuM che." sarakAranI maMjUrI maLI eTale mittara briTana tema ja yuropanA bIjA dezonAM baMdaro jovA gayA. temaNe aneka ijanerI peDhIono saMparka sAdhyo. te parathI temane lAgyuM ke briTiza peDhInI salAha pramANe cAlavA karatAM baMdaranI DijhAina aMge TenDara mAgavAmAM Ave to vadhu lAbha thAya. mittaranI salAha pramANe samitie baMdara bAMdhavAnA kAma mATe TenDara mAgyAM. tenA javAbamAM sAta TenDaro AvyAM, jemAM traNa karoDa sATha lAkhathI zarU karIne sAta karoDa paMdara lAkha sudhIno kharca darzAvelo hato. TenDara pasaMda karavA mATe salAhakAra tarIke jarmana naukAdaLanA eka nivRtta sthapatine vIsa hajAra rUpiyAnI phIthI rokavAmAM Avelo. pAMca karoDa pAMtrIsa lAkha rUpiyAvALuM eka jarmana peDhInuM TenDara pasaMda karavAnI teNe salAha ApI. bhAratIya ijaneronI paNa e ja salAha hatI. bhArata sarakAre traNa ijaneronI samiti nImI ne temano abhiprAya mAgyo. te samitino paNa jarmana peDhInI tarapheNamAM ja mata paDyo. chevaTe jarmana peDhIne bhAratIya peDhInA sahayogamAM kAma kare te zarate baMdara bAMdhavAno Scanned by CamScanner

Page #154
124 paraMparA ane pragati konTekTa ApavAmAM Avyo. nizcita samayamaryAdAmAM kAma pUruM na thAya to bhAre daMDanI paNa temAM jogavAI rAkhavAmAM AvI hatI. nakkI karelI samaya ane kharcanI maryAdAmAM baMdaranuM bAMdhakAma pUruM thayuM te kastUrabhAIne mATe moTA saMtoSanI vAta hatI 1 1948nA jAnyuArInI trIsamI tArIkhe gAMdhIjInI hatyA thaI. rASTrapati DaoN. rAjendraprasAde gAMdhI smAraka nidhi mATe phALo ekatra karavA mArcamAM apIla bahAra pADI. tene joIe teTalo umaLakAbharyo javAba maLyo nahoto. saradAra bImAra hovAthI me mahinAmAM masUrI ArAma mATe gayelA. tyAM temaNe je.Ara.DI. tAtA, ghanazyAmadAsa biralA, kastUrabhAI ane bIjA ekabe udyogapatione maLavA bolAvyA. javAharalAla neharu paNa hatA. saradAre kastUrabhAIne pUchayuM: "gAMdhI smAraka nidhi mATe keTalI rakama ekaThI karI zakazo?" kastUrabhAIe be karoDa rUpiyAno aMdAja mUkyo. carcAvicAraNAne aMte udyogagRhomAMthI pAMca karoDa rUpiyAno phALo ekatra karavAnuM nakkI thayuM. eTalo ja phALo AmajanatAmAMthI ugharAvavAnI dhAraNA hatI. udyogagRho mATenI samitinA adhyakSa tarIke kastUrabhAIne nImyA. temaNe udyoganA kada pramANe phALAnuM dhoraNa nakkI karIne vividha udyogo mATe alaga peTAsamitio nImI. eka varSathI ochA samayamAM temaNe pAMca karoDa ane ogaNIsa lAkha rUpiyA ekaThA karyA. 1949nA eprilamAM kastUrabhAIe javAharalAla neharune gAMdhI smAraka nidhi mATe poNA pAMca karoDano ceka arpaNa karyo. AmajanatAmAMthI paNa dhAraNA mujaba pAMca karoDa ekatra thayA. gAMdhI smAraka nidhinA eka TrasTI tarIke kastUrabhAIe varSo sudhI sevAo ApI. 1 jhINI gaNatarI ane karakasara kastUrabhAInA vahIvaTanI eka viziSTatA hatI. saradAra tenAthI jJAta hatA. eTale 1948mAM madhyastha sarakAranAM judAM judAM khAtAMonA kharcAomAM kyAM kayAM karakasara thaI zake tema che tenI tapAsa karIne bhalAmaNa karavA mATe kastUrabhAInA adhyakSapade eka karakasara samitinI nimaNUka bhArata sarakAre karI. 1922mAM AvI ja eka samiti videzI sarakAre laoNrDa iMcakepanA adhyakSapade nImI hatI. kastUrabhAI uparAMta zrI jayapAlasiMga ane zrI esa.ke. pATIla A samitinA sabhyo hatA. kasatUrabhAIe A kAmagIrI pUrI gaMbhIratAthI upADI lIdhI. "pUrve kadI nahIM karela teTalA kAmathI pUrA soLa Scanned by CamScanner

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svarAjaprApti pachI- 125 mAsa sudhI temaNe A samitinuM kAma karyuM. pratyeka khAtAmAM thatA kharcanI vigato ekatra karavI te bahu moTuM kAma hatuM. vaLI praznottarI kADhavAnI, jubAnIo ekatrita karavAnI ane pachI bhalAmaNo karavAnI rAbetA mujabanI paddhati akhatyAra karavAne badale temaNe anaupacArika rIte pratyakSa mAhitI ekatra karavAnuM rAkhyuM hatuM. samiti para eka oNDiTa khAtAnA adhikArI paNa hatA. temane je te khAtAmAM mokalIne meLavelI mAhitI parathI teo khAtAnI vAstavika jarUriyAto samajavAno prayatna karatA; temAM bagADa kyAM kyAM thAya che te zodhI kADhatA ne te zI rIte aTakAvI zakAya teno sau sabhyo sAthe maLIne vicAra karatA. pachI khAtAnA sekreTarIne bolAvIne tenI sAthe carcAvicAraNA karatA ane zakaya hoya tyAM kharcamAM kApakUpa karavAnAM potAnAM sUcano tene gaLe utAravA prayatna karatA. tema karatAM koIne paNa anyAya na thaI jAya tenI khAsa takedArI rAkhatA. - sarakArI khAtAMomAM kevAM jaMgI kharca, binajarUrI hovA chatAM nabhAvavAmAM Ave che ne temAM kApakUpa karavAnI hiMmata vaDA pradhAnamAM paNa nathI hotI teno anubhava A samitinI kAmagIrI daramyAna kastUrabhAIne thayo. A tapAsa cAlu hatI tyAre vepAra ane vANijya maMtrAlayamAM 7,000 karmacArIo kAma karatA hatA. te ghaTADIne 1,100 karavAnI bhalAmaNa kastUrabhAI samitie karI hatI. laDAI pahelAM e khAtAmAM 400 karmacArIo hatA. laDAI daramyAna e saMkhyA 7,000nI thaI hatI. kharuM jotAM 1948mAM kAmano boja 25 TakAthI vizeSa vadhyo na hato. chatAM samitie 1100 karmacArIo rAkhavAnI bhalAmaNa karI hatI. samitinA kAryakSetramAM laMDana khAtenI hAIkamizanaranI kacerInI tapAsa paNa AvatI hatI. te vakhate hAIkamizanaranI oNphisa khAte 18 rolsaroIsa moTaragADIo hatI. te ghaNI vadhAre hatI. te oNphisanI tapAsa zarU karatAM pahelAM kastUrabhAIe vaDA pradhAnane pUchayuM : "hAIkamizanaranI kacerInI tapAsa A samitie karavAnI che ne? te mATe eka pArTI laMDana mokaluM ne?" "kAMI jarUra nathI." javAharalAle javAba Apyo. eTale samitie hAIkamizananI tapAsa paDatI mUkI. ' sakhata parizrama karIne temaNe samitino atyaMta upayogI ane rasaprada Scanned by CamScanner

Page #156
126 paraMparA ane pragati ahevAla taiyAra karyo. paraMtu bhArata sarakAre bIjA aneka ahevAlonI mAphaka A samitinA ahevAlane paNa abharAI para caDAvI dIdho. A kaDavA anubhava pachI kastUrabhAIe nakkI karyuM ke "mArI bhalAmaNono amala thaze evI khAtarI na thAya tyAM sudhI koI paNa sarakArI samitinA adhyakSa ke sabhya tarIkenI javAbadArI svIkAravI nahIM.' 1950mAM saradAra paTele haidrAbAda, maisUra ane trAvaNakora rAjyoe vividha udyogone karelAM dhirANo ane amuka yojanAomAM (projects) karelAM rokANonI rakama aMge tapAsa karavA eka vyaktinI samiti kastUrabhAInA adhyakSapade nImelI. svAminAthana karIne eka sekreTarI sahita jarUrI sTApha sarakAra taraphathI temane ApavAmAM Avelo. haidrAbAda ane maisUra rAjya taraphathI cALIsa judA judA udyogomAM dhirANa thayelAM. sekreTarIe tene aMgenI vigato ekatra karelI. te pachI kastUrabhAIe pratyeka udyogagRhanI mulAkAta laIne pratyakSa tapAsa karI hatI ne traNe rAjyonA nANAmaMtrIone maLIne temane potAnI bhalAmaNo samajAvI. temanI saMmati maLyA bAda sarakArane te bhalAmaNo moklI hatI. temanI badhI ja bhalAmaNono sarakAre pUrepUro amala karyo hato. 1954mAM soviyeTa yuniyananI sarakAre bhArata sarakArane eka audyogika pratinidhimaMDaLa raziyA mokalavA mATe nimaMtraNa mokalyuM. brajamohana biralA e vakhate bhAratIya vepAraudyoga mahAmaMDaLanA pramukha hatA. bhArata sarakAre temane ukta pratinidhimaMDaLanuM netRtva svIkAravA vinaMtI karI. e divasomAM eka evI kharIkhoTI mAnyatA pracalita hatI ke raziyA jaI Ave tene amerikAnI mulAkAtanI maMjUrI maLe nahIM. biralAne amerikA sAthe sArA vepArI saMbaMdho hatA. eTale temaNe raziyA javAnI nA pADI. A saMjogomAM sarakAre kastUrabhAIne audyogika pratinidhimaMDaLanuM netRtva levA vinaMtI karI. e vakhate kastUrabhAInuM svAthya narama hatuM eTale bhAIo ane bahenoe sAthe siddhArthane laI javA kahyuM. daramyAnamAM raziyA khAtenA bhAratIya elacI ke. pI. esa. menanano saMdezo Avyo ke oNkTobarathI raziyAmAM atizaya ThaMDI paDe che. AthI sapTembaramAM ja javAnuM nakkI karyuM. paMdara sabhyonuM pratinidhimaMDaLa hatuM. temAM be mahilAo hatI, je temanA Scanned by CamScanner

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svarAjaprApti pachI- 127 patinI sAthe AvI hatI. soviyeTa sarakAre doDha mahino rahevA sUcaveluM, paNa stUrabhAIe lakhyuM: "ame cAra aThavADiyAthI vadhu vakhata ApI zakIe tema nathI." pratinidhimaMDaLa maoNsko pahoMcyuM ke tarata temano kAryakrama ghaDI kADhavAmAM Avyo. savAranA navathI madharAta sudhIno bharacaka kAryakrama goThavAyo hato. navane Takore badhA taiyAra thaIne nIkaLe ne agAuthI nakkI karelA kArakhAnAnI mulAkAte UpaDe tyAMthI sADA bAre pAchA AvIne bhojana le. thoDo ArAma laIne aDhI vAgye pharIthI nIkaLI paDe te sAMje sADA dase pAchA Ave. pachI temanA mAnamAM manoraMjanano kAryakrama hoya. 'bAle" ane "kosAka nRtyonA avanavA kAryakramo dararoja rAtre batAve. bhAgye ja koI sAMja khAlI gaI haze.? kArakhAnAM jaMgI hoya. koImAM 35,000 kArIgaro hoya. to koImAM 10,000 ke 20,000. raziyAnI arthavyavasthA jotAM kArakhAnAM ekakendrita hoya te svAbhAvika che. cAra-pAMca divasa thayA eTale kastUrabhAIe raziyAnA sattAmaMDaLane kahyuM: ' "amane je kArakhAnAM batAvyAM te briTiza, jarmana ke svIsa banAvaTanI yaMtrasAmagrIvALAM janAM kArakhAnAM che. ame ahIM AvyA chIe te raziyAnI Adhunika yaMtrasAmagrI ane tenAthI cAlatAM navAM kArakhAnAM jovA mATe" Ama kahevA chatAM tAzkedanI kApaDa milane bAda karatAM temanI mulAkAta daramyAna eka paNa navuM kArakhAnuM bhAratanA pratinidhimaMDaLane batAvavAmAM AvyuM nahotuM. tAzkedanI milano menejara kahevA lAgyo ke "kApaDanI milamAM dhULano trAsa na naDe tevI yaMtrasAmagrI raziyAe banAvI che teno amane garva che." tenA javAbamAM kastUrabhAIe kahyuM: "jUnAM leMkezAyaranAM kArakhAnAnI bloiMga ane kArDiMga rUmo dhULathI bharAyelI rahetI e sAcuM che. paraMtu 1954mAM tame jozo ke bIjA vizvayuddha pachI sthapAyela dareka kArakhAnAmAM rUmane dhULathI kharaDe nahIM ne dhULane dUra kare evI yaMtrasAmagrI vasAvavAmAM AvatI hoya che." (pratinidhimaMDaLanuM raziyAe udArabhAve Atithya karyuM hatuM. temane eka khAsa vimAna ApavAmAM AveluM. sAthe cAra dubhASiyA hatA. majUrI, utpAdana ke majUrone maLatI savalatone lagatA koI paNa praznanA uttara tatkALa maLI jatA. Scanned by CamScanner

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128 paraMparA ane pragati paraMtu temane eka paNa navuM kArakhAnuM ke teno plAnTa batAvavAmAM Avela nahIM. kastUrabhAI tyAMnA jIvanadhoraNa aMge nedha karatAM kahe che: "krAti pachI sADatrIsa varSe paNa pazcima yuropanA dezo karatAM A dezanA jIvanadhoraNano AMka ghaNo nIco che." svarAja AvyA pachI A uparAMta rASTrIya kakSAnI bIjI aneka samitio ane pratinidhimaMDaLonuM temaNe netRtva lIdhuM hatuM. 1952-53mAM sarakAre jAhera bAMdhakAma khAtAnI tapAsa mATenI samiti temanA adhyakSapade nImelI. raMganAthanuM te samitinA sabhya-saciva hatA. 1954mAM temaNe vizvabaeNnkanA pratinidhimaMDaLane mulAkAta ApelI. hAlanA te benkanA ceramena jyorja vuDjha para temano sAro prabhAva paDyo hato. 1952mAM leMkezAyaramAM AMtararASTrIya kApaDa-udyoga pariSada bharAvAnI hatI. temAM muMbaI ane amadAvAdanA milamAlika maMDaLoe kastUrabhAInA netRtva nIce pratinidhimaMDaLa mokaleluM. temanI sAthe muMbaInA nevila vADiyA, nAgapuranA bhUtA ane bIjA eka-be udyogapatio hatA. pariSadamAM amerikAnA aDhAra ane jApAnanA bAvIsa pratinidhio hatA. phrAnsa, iTAlI, jarmanI, beljiyama, haoNlaeNnDa vagere bIjA dezonA pratinidhio paNa AvyA hatA. basTanamAM maLelI A pariSadamAM kastUrabhAIno prabhAva prathama paricaye ja evo paDyo ke eka mahattvanI samitinA adhyakSa tarIke temanI varaNI karavAmAM AvI. A samitie dareka dezanI nikAsa vAstavamAM keTalI che ane keTalI thavAnI zakyatA che tenI gaNatarI karIne amuka jaththAthI vadhu nikAsa nahIM karavAnuM svecchAe dareka deza svIkAravA taiyAra thAya ke kema tenI vicAraNA karIne abhiprAya ApavAno hato. nevila vADiyA e ja rIte bIjI samiti para levAyA hatA. Ama, bhAratIya pratinidhimaMDaLa nAnuM hovA chatAM pariSada para tenI ghaNI sArI chApa paDI hatI. pariSadamAM hAjarI ApIne kastUrabhAI amerikA gayA. tyAM amerikana pratinidhimaMDaLanA netAe temanuM umaLakAbhera Atithya kareluM. temanA mAnamAM pheDarala rijharva benka opha nyUyorka khAte temaNe bhojana-samAraMbha goThavyo hato. 1953mAM kastUrabhAI putra siddhArtha ane bhatrIjA AnaMda sAthe jApAna gayA tyAre basTananI pariSadamAM saMbaMdha baMdhAyelo tene kAraNe temane icchA mujaba Scanned by CamScanner

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svarAjapUmi pachI- 129 dhAM ja kArakhAnAM jovA maLyAM hatAM, eTaluM ja nahIM, jApAnanA milamAlikoe 2mAM bhavya svAgata karyuM hatuM. tyAMnI sTeTa benkanA gavarnare temanA mAnamAM potAne che. bhojana samAraMbha yojyo hato. eka pachI eka zAkAhArI vAnagIo pIrasAtI jAya ne geIzA kanyA Agraha karatI jAya ema jApAnI zailIno e samAraMbha sAMjanA sADA pAMce zarU thayelo te rAtanA dasa sudhI cAlelo"--ema pote mANelA AtithyanuM smaraNa karatAM kastUrabhAI kahe che. 1963 ane 1964mAM teo briTananA borDa opha TreDa tema ja le kezAyaranA pratinidhio sAthe sutarAu kApaDanI vividha jAtonuM pramANa nakkI karavA (categorisation) aMge vATAghATo karavA be vAra iMgleMDa gayA hatA. | nivRtta thayA pachI milanA vahIvaTamAM ke udyogamaMDaLomAM teo sakriya bhAga letA nahIM tema chatAM udyoga samakSa upasthita thatA praznonA ukela mATe dezanA agraNIo A pIDha udyogapatinI salAha levAnuM cUkatA nahIM. TIpa 1. KD, pp. 43-47. 2. KD, pp. 49-50. 3. KD, pp. 47-49. 4. KD, p. 49. 5. KD, pp. 55-57. 6. KD II, p. 2. 7. KD II, p. 3. 8. KD, pp. 51-53. 9. KD II, pp. 3-4. Scanned by CamScanner

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prAcIna tIrtho ane Adhunika saMsthAo "Ape jIvananuM dhyeya zuM nakkI kareluM? Aje tene vize zuM lAge che?" evuM koI dhyeya nakkI karyuM nahotuM, paNa mAre hAthe cAreka vastuo bane to mane saMtoSa thAya ema vicAryuM hatuM." "e cAreka vastuo kaI hatI?" eka to jaina maMdirono jIrNoddhAra. bIjuM, premAbhAI hola navesarathI adyatana sthApatyamAM baMdhAya che. trIjuM, amadAvAdamAM enjiniyariMga kolejanI sthApanA ane cothuM, jUnI hastapratonuM saMzodhana karAvIne tenI surakSAnI vyavasthA UbhI karavAnuM. IzvarakRpAe e cAre vastuo Aje siddha thayelI che." vAtacItane aMte kastUrabhAInA mukha para sAttvika AnaMda ane saMtoSanI jhalaka AvI gaI. jIvananuM koI spaSTa dhyeya bhale temaNe agAuthI nakkI karyuM na hoya, paraMtu sAmAnya rIte zrImaMtomAM jovA maLe che tevuM lakSmInI choLo vacce rahIne vaibhavI jIvana mANavAnuM to temanuM valaNa nahotuM ja. kuLa paraMparA, uchera ane rASTrIya netAo sAthenA saMsarge temanAmAM sAmAjika javAbadArInuM bhAna jagADyuM hatuM. temAM kalAprema ane dharmaniSThA bhaLatAM sAMskRtika ane zaikSaNika pravRttiomAM temano rasa sakriya thayo. tene pariNAme baMne kSetromAM temanuM mahattvanuM yogadAna jovA maLe che. Scanned by CamScanner

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prAcIna tIrtho ane Adhunika saMsthAo 131 1926mAM kasturabhAI, cImanabhAI ane narottamabhAIe maLIne pitAnI gatimAM rUpiyA cha lAkhanuM eka TrasTa karyuM. e vakhate TrasTa eNkTa thayo nahoto. ' eTale tenI rakama zeromAM rokIne dara varSe temAM umero karatA rahevAno niyama karyo. A rakama daseka varSamAM trIseka lAkha jeTalI thaI. kastUrabhAInI icchA A rakamamAMthI amadAvAda khAte enjiniyariMga koleja sthApavAnI hatI. paraMtu teno nibhAva kharca ATalI rakamamAMthI nIkaLe ema nahotuM. daramyAnamAM muMbaI sarakAre amadAvAdamAM enjiniyariMga koleja sthApavAno nirNaya karyo. tene mATe eka karoDa rUpiyA kharca thAya tema hatuM. lorDa breborna gavarnara hatA. kastUrabhAIe temanI samakSa enjiniyariMga koleja mATe pacIsa lAkha rUpiyAnuM dAna ApavAnI taiyArI batAvI. gavarnarane ATaluM moTuM dAna maLaze tenI kalpanA nahotI. tethI temane to bagAsuM khAtA patAsuM maLyA jeTalo AnaMda thayo. temaNe kastUrabhAIne kahyuM: mi. kastUrabhAItamArI oNphara mATe khUba AbhArI chuM. hamaNAM A vAta bahAra pADazo nahIM. huM A kAma sArI rIte pAra paDe tevI goThavaNa karI ApIza." ATalI moTI rakamanI sakhAvata meLavI ApyAno jaza laoNrDa brebone lIdho ane kastUrabhAIe ghaNA vakhatanI eka sadicchA phaLyAno saMtoSa lIdho. 194pamAM amadAvAdamAM ela. DI. enjiniyariMga kolejanI sthApanA thaI. pachI to lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI cerITebala TrasTamAM rakamo umerAtI gaI ane navI navI yojanAo amalamAM mukAtI gaI. * kastUrabhAIe temanA pitAnI jema jaina samAjanA agraNI tarIke aneka aTapaTo praznonA ukela mATe samAjane doravaNI ApI hatI. jaina zvetAMbara mUrtipUjaka saMghanI pratinidhi saMsthA te zeTha ANaMdajI kalyANajInI peDhI. tenuM mukhya kArya jaina tIrthonAM maMdironI sAcavaNI tathA tenA adhikAronuM rakSaNa karavAnuM che. 1926mAM A peDhInA pramukha kastUrabhAI maNibhAIe rAjInAmuM ApatAM zrIsaMghe kastUrabhAI lAlabhAInI te pada para varaNI karI, peDhInA pramukha nagarazeTha kuTuMbamAMthI ja thAya tevuM tenuM baMdhAraNa hatuM. e vakhate pAlitANA rAjyamAM zatruMjaya tIrthe AvatA yAtrALuonA jAnamAlanA rakhopAnA badalAmAM peDhI rAjyane vArSika paMdara hajAra rUpiyA ApatI Scanned by CamScanner

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132 paraMparA ane pragati hatI. A bAbatano cALIsa varSano karAra 1886mAM karelo te 1926mAM pUro thatAM navesara karavAno hato. pAlitANA rAjya have te mATe dasagaNI rakama mAganuM hatuM. zrIsaMghe te aMge muMbaI sarakArane daramyAnagIrI karavA vinaMtI karI. sarakAranA pratinidhi vaeNTasane jaina saMgha pAlitANAnA ThAkorane dasa varSa sudhI eka lAkha rUpiyA Ape ane pachI yAtrALu dITha be rUpiyA Ape evo pheMsalo Apyo. jaina samAje tene anyAyI pheMsalo gaNIne phagAvI dIdho. - navA pramukha kastUrabhAIe gAMdhIjInA saMsargathI ahiMsaka pratikArano camatkAra joyo hato. eTale temaNe te rasto apanAvavAnuM vicAryuM. zatruMjayanI yAtrAe koIe javuM nahIM evo Adeza peDhI taraphathI temaNe bahAra pADyo. eka varSathI vadhu samaya sudhI jaina samAje A AkarI zikSA svecchAe vahorIne pAlitANAnA ThAkora sAme asahakAranuM zastra-vAparyuM. kastUrabhAInAM pitAmahI gaMgAmAe varSamAM be vAra zatruMjayanI yAtrAe jaIne dareka vakhate rUpiyA pAMcaso tIrthamAM ApavAno niyama karelo. temaNe paNa A varSa daramyAna yAtrA na karI. (joke be vakhata rUpiyA pAMcaso to moklI ApelA.) chevaTe vAisaroya lorDa rIDIMga vacce paDayA. temaNe rUpiyA sATha hajAranuM varSAsana nakkI karAvI ApyuM. te rakama niyamita bharI zakAya te mATe kastUrabhAIe rUpiyA ATha lAkhanuM bhaMDoLa ekatra karAvyuM hatuM. svarAja AvyA pachI dezI rAjyonuM vilInIkaraNa thavAnuM hatuM. te vakhate pAlitANA darabAre peDhInA pramukha tathA TrasTIone bolAvyA ne kahyuM: "jo tame Ucaka rakama Apo to vArSika karano karAra karyo che te rada karuM." kastUrabhAIe nA pADI. pachI saurASTranuM ekama racAyuM tyAre mukhya maMtrI zrI DhebarabhAIe kastUrabhAIne bolAvIne kahyuM: "ame pAlitANAno yAtrALukara levAnA nathI." kastUrabhAIe jaina saMgha vatI temano AbhAra mAnyo. - 1949mAM harijananA maMdira pravezano prazna Ubho thayo. A bAbata jaina saMgha mUMjhavaNamAM hato. gAMdhIjI ane saradAranA saMparkathI kasturabhAI te aMge udAra mata dharAvatA thayA hatA. temaNe jaina maMdiromAM harijanapraveza sAme vAMdho lIdho nahIM, paraMtu te vAta sAdhuvarga ane zrAvakone gaLe Utare tevI na hatI. Scanned by CamScanner

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prAcIna tIrtho ane Adhunika saMsthAo 133 temaNe harijanapraveza sAme sakhata vAMdho jAhera karyo. peDhInA badhA TrasTIo paNa temanI viruddha paDyA. kastUrabhAIe kahyuM: "harijananA gayA pachI maMdira bhale tame dudhathI dhoIne sApha karAvo paNa gAMdhIjI ane saradAra jevA netAonI paDakhe rahyA pachI mArAthI harijanapraveza sAme vAMdho levAze nahIM. tamane jo A vAta maMjUra nA hoya to huM peDhInA pramukhapadethI rAjInAmuM ApavA taiyAra chuM." - ghaNI rasAksI pachI evuM jAhera karavAmAM AvyuM ke jaina rivAja mujaba svaccha thaIne AvanAra koI paNa mANasa maMdiramAM AvI zake che. kastUrabhAInI madhyamamArgI nItie vacalo rasto kADhayo hato. 1928mAM zvetAMbara ane digaMbara vacce tAraMgA tIrtha bAbata takarAra cAlatI hatI. temAM poliTikala ejanTa mi. mIDe daramyAnagIrI karI ane baMne pakSone muMbaI sekreTarIeTamAM bolAvI dalIlo sAMbhaLyA pachI samAdhAna sUcavyuM ke tAraMgAnI cAre TekarIono vahIvaTa A. kanI peDhI pAse che; tene badale digaMbaranAM maMdira che te be TekarIono vahIvaTa digaMbara saMghane soMpavo ane zvetAMbara maMdiramAM thaIne temano rasto hato te baMdha karIne baMnene alaga karavA. kastUrabhAIe A samAdhAna svIkAryuM. amadAvAda pAchA AvyA pachI vijyanemisUrijIe temane samAdhAna karavA badala Thapako Apyo tyAre spaSTa saMbhaLAvyuM ke "A. ka. peDhInA pratinidhioe je nirNaya lIdho che te chevaTano che ne temAM koI pheraphAra thaze nahIM." TrasTanA vahIvaTamAM paNa kastUrabhAIe aneka sudhArA dAkhala karyA hatA. peDhIno hisAba vahIvaTI samitinA sabhyomAMthI koIka potAnI phurasade tapAsanuM Ane lIdhe hisAbonuM kAma DhIlamAM paDatuM. kastUrabhAIe cArTarDa eNkAunTanTa pAse dara varSe hisAba tapAsAvavAnI prathA dAkhala karI. aMdAjapatra taiyAra karIne te pramANe kharca karavAnI paddhati nahotI te temaNe zarU karAvI. miTiMgo pramukhanI icchA mujaba bolAvavAmAM AvatI. tene badale varSa daramyAna niyamita samayaAMtare agAuthI niyata karelI tArIkhe te samaye peDhInI vahIvaTI samitinI sabhAo bolAvavAno niyama karyo. peDhInA pramukha thayA pachI kastUrabhAIe sauthI moTuM kAma karyuM te tIrthonAM Scanned by CamScanner

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paraMparA ane pragati maMdirono jIrNoddhAra. peDhI-hastaka cAlatAM maMdiro, dharmazALA vagerenA jIrNoddhAra aMge agAuthI kharcano aMdAja mAgIne kAma zarU karAvavAnI paddhati nahotI. kastUrabhAIe jIrNoddhAra mAgatAM sthAnono vigatavAra abhyAsa karIne vyavasthita paddhatie tenuM kAma hAtha dharyuM. rANakapura, delavADA, zatruMjaya ane tAraMgA tIrthanAM maMdironAM zilpasthApatya kaLAnI dRSTie jagaprasiddha hatAM. paraMtu sadIonA ghasArAne kAraNe tema ja kALajIbharI jALavaNIne abhAve temAMnA keTalAka bhAgo khaMDita thaI gayA hatA. kastUrabhAIe sauprathama 1932mAM rANakapuranAM maMdironA jIrNoddhAranuM kAma hAtha para lIdhuM. eka aMgreja enjiniyara mi. beTalI bhAratIya sthApatyamAM UMDo rasa dharAvatA hatA. temane kastUrabhAI rANakapura laI gayA. sAthe be mistrI hatA. maMdiranA ghummaTo ane chata para hajAro cAmAcIDiyAM cAMTelAM hatAM. bAMdhakAma chaso varSa jUnuM hatuM eTale chatanA pATaDAmAM tirADo paNa paDI gaI hatI. cAra divasa rokAIne kastUrabhAIe khaMDita bhAgonI vigate noMdha karAvI. mi. beTalIe teno ahevAla taiyAra karIne peDhIne soMpyo. pachI samArakAma zarU thayuM. mULa zilponI khUbI jALavIne addala pratikRtio taiyAra karavAnI kastUrabhAIe kArIgarone sUcanA ApI hatI. paraMtu cha mahinA pachI teo gayA tyAre joyuM to maMdiranI aMdara rahelAM zilponI AbehUba nakala navAM zilpomAM UtaratI nahotI. temaNe (alabatta, peDhInI vahIvaTI samitimAMnA sAthIonI saMmati laIne) badhuM ja kAma rada karyuM ane kArIgarone mULanI tAdRza pratikRtio taiyAra karavA kaDaka sUcanA ApI. kAma pUruM thayA pachI mi. beTalIne e rANakapura laI gayA ne temano abhiprAya mAgyo, tyAre temaNe temane lakhyuM ke AnAthI vadhu suMdara kAma bIjuM koI karI zakayuM na hota. 134 cAre bAju TekarIonI vacce jaMgalamAM bismAra hAlatamAM upekSita raheluM rANakapura tIrtha punaruddhAra thatAM navI ja ronaka dhAraNa karI rahyuM. maMdiranA vizALa maMDapamAM pUrato prakAza AvI zake tevI tenI bAMdhaNI koI paNa kalArasikane Azcarya pamADe tevI che. jUnI kotaraNI jyAM jyAM kSata thaI hatI tyAM tyAM temAM bhaLI jAya tevI navI kotaraNI ane bhAta kArIgaroe upasAvelI che. maMdiranuM apratima sthApatya ane tenI AsapAsano vizALa coka AkhAye pradezane potAnI suMdaratA Scanned by CamScanner

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prAcIna tIrtho ane Adhunika saMsthAo 135 ne bhavyatAthI bharI de che. A tIrthanuM navanirmANa joIne rAjasthAnanA koI bhAvika sajajanane tyAM dharmazALA baMdhAvavAnuM mana thayuM. derAsaranI sAme dharmazALA bAMdhavAnI temanI icchA hatI. te mATe temaNe te jamAnAmAM pacAsa hajAra rUpiyA ApavAnI taiyArI batAvI. paNa kastUrabhAIe teno asvIkAra karyo. maMdiranA suMdara dekhAvane rUMdhe tevuM kazuM vyavadhAna UbhuM thAya te temane maMjUra nahotuM. Aje rANakapura mAtra jainonuM ja nahi paNa sarva dharma ane dezanA pravAsIone mATe klAnuM yAtrAdhAma banI rahyAM che. kastUrabhAInI kudaratI klAsUjhe A camatkAra saryo hato ema kahI zakAya. 1946-47mAM zeTha ANaMdajI kalyANajInI peDhInA TrasTIoe Abu upara AvelAM jagaprasiddha delavADAnAM daherAMno jIrNoddhAra karavAnuM TharAvyuM. A tIrthano vahIvaTa zirohInuM TrasTa karatuM hatuM. kastUrabhAIe temanI sAthe zarata karI ke ANaMdajI kalyANajI taraphathI jIrNoddhAra thAya temAM temaNe koI pheraphAra karavo nahIM. A daherAMno jIrNoddhAra karavo te saheluM kAma nahotuM. emAM je Arasa vaparAyo hato te kuLano Arasa vaparAya to ja mULanI sAthe ekarUpa thAya tevI pratikRtio sarjI zakAya tema hatuM. kastUrabhAI e prakAranA ArasanI tapAsa mATe mistrIonI sAthe AsapAsamAM AvelI ArasanI khANo jovA nIkaLI paDyA. chevaTe aMbAjInI najIka dAMtAnA DuMgaromAM e kuLano Arasa maLI Avyo. temaNe paricita vyaktinI mAraphata dAMtA rAjyane A Arasa khodIne laI javA maMjUrI ApavA mATe arajI karI. dAMtA rAjya arajI nAmaMjUra karI. kastUrabhAIe nakkI karyuM hatuM ke e Arasa maLe te pachI ja jIrNoddhAranuM kAma zarU karavuM. kAma mulatavI rAkhyuM. daramyAnamAM svaroja AvyuM. thoDe vakhate morArajI desAI muMbaI rAjyanA mukhya maMtrI thayA. kastUrabhAI temane maLyA ane Abu tIrthanA jIrNoddhAra mATe jarUrI Arasa levA mATe dAMtA rAjyanI paravAnagI bAbata vAta karI. temaNe kastUrabhAIne kahyuM: "huM aMbAjI javAno chuM te vakhate peDhInA menejarane tyAM mokalajo." Scanned by CamScanner

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136 paraMparA ane pragati - morArajIbhAI aMbAjInI mulAkAte gayA tyAre peDhInA menejara nagInadAsa temane maLyA ane dAMtAnA ThAkoranI rUbarUmAM Arasa mATe vAta karI. dAMtAnA ThAkore kahyuM: "e ArasanI karI mArI aMgata milakata che. temAMthI koIne Arasa khodI javAnI ame rajA ApavAnA nathI." A sAMbhaLIne morArajIbhAIe nagInadAsane kahyuM: "tame e karImAMthI Arasa levAnI vyavasthA karo. jo koI tamane roke to tarata mane jANa karajo." Ama eka muzkelI dUra thaI. pachI jIrNoddhAranA kharcano aMdAja salATonA AgevAna amRtalAla mistrI pAse mAgyo. temaNe eka ghanaphUTanA pacAsa rUpiyAnA hisAbe rUpiyA trevIsa lAkhanA kharcano aMdAja mUkyo. temAM amuka navAM daherAMnA kAmano paNa samAveza thato hato. kastUrabhAIe temane kAma zarU karavA kahyuM... - thoDA mahinA bAda teo kAma jovA gayA. daherAMnI aMdara je kalA kaMDArelI hatI tene A vIsamI sadInA kArIgaroe navA ArasamAM AbehUba utArI hatI.' kastUrabhAIne te joIne saMtoSa thayo. paNa kharcano je aMdAja mUkyo hato te sacavAyo nahoto. ghanaphUTanA pacAsane badale baso rUpiyA kharca thayuM hatuM! paNa temano lApremI AtmA kAmathI eTalo prasanna thaI gayo hato ke kharcanI temaNe ciMtA na karI. temaNe mistrIne khabhe hAtha mUkIne kahyuM: "phikara nahIM, kAma avala naMbaranuM thavuM joIe. kharca thAya teno jarA paNa vAMdho nathI." kharcane mATe TrasTImaMDaLe rasto kADhyo. temaNe TharAvyuM ke, navAM daherAM bAMdhavAne badale jUnAM tIrthono jIrNoddhAra karavA pAchaLa jarUrI kharca karIne uttama klA-kArIgarIvALuM kAma karAvavuM. delavADAnAM daherAMnuM samArakAma cauda varasa cAleluM ane tenI pAchaLa cauda lAkha rUpiyAnuM kharca thayuM hatuM. avaguMThana dUra thatAM koI apsarAnuM divya sauMdarya ekAeka pratyakSa thAya evo uThAva zilpa ane sthApatyanA A kaLAbhaMDArane jIrNoddhArathI maLyo che. 196ramAM A kAma pUruM thayuM. e ja varSamAM ANaMdajI kalyANajInA TrasTIoe zatruMjaya, tAraMgA ane giranAra paranAM jaina tIrthonAM daherAMnuM samArakAma hAtha para levAno TharAva karyo. zatruMjaya tIrthanuM kAma haju cAlu ja che ane bIjAM vIseka varSa cAlaze tevI gaNatarI che. parvata para caDavuM saraLa paDe te mATe pagathiyAM karavAmAM AvyAM che. Scanned by CamScanner

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prAcIna tIrtho ane Adhunika saMsthAo 137 dAdAnA darabAranI pAMca poLonAM jUnAM pravezadvArone sthAne bhavya, manohara ane kaLAmaya daravAjA.' mUkayA che, je pravezatAM ja harakoIne prabhAvita karI de tevA che. sauthI mahattvano pheraphAra to mukhya derAsaranI kaLAne DhAMkI detI nAnI nAnI derIone dUra karI te che. te saMkucita dharmabhAvanA para kastUrabhAInI kaLAdRSTino vijaya sUcave che. mukhya derAsaranA bhavya sthApatyane vizALa pariprekSyamAM uThAva maLe te rIte kastUrabhAIe A pheraphAra karAvyo che. tema karatAM jUnI derIomAMthI seMkaDo pratimAone khaseDI derIono nAza karavAnuM thatuM hatuM tenAthI keTalAka zraddhALu jIvone du:kha thayuM ane virodha paNa pragaTa thayo. paraMtu kastUrabhAI DagyA nahIM.12 TrasTIonuM paNa temane A hiMmatabharyA pagalAmAM pUratuM anumodana hatuM. sAcI dharmadRSTi khUlatAM jIvanadarzananI kSitijono vistAra thAya che tevuM jIrNoddhAra pAmI rahela A dharmasthAnane jonArane thAya che. rANakapuranI mAphaka ahIM paNa ApaNane kastUrabhAInI svaprayatne keLavelI kalAsUjhano hRdayaMgama paricaya thAya che. zatruMjayanI taLeTImAM sAMskRtika saMgrahAlayanI nAnI paNa suMdara imArata UbhI karelI che. temAM zrImatIbahena TAgore taiyAra karelAM bhagavAna RSabhadevanA jIvananuM darzana karAvatAM cha moTA kadanAM citro mUkelAM che. prAcIna zilpa-sthApatyanA namUnA darzAvatA purAvazeSo paNa tyAM sacavAyelA che. samagra tIrthamAM svacchatA ane sughaDatA sacavAya evI vyavasthA dhyAna kheMce tevI che. tAraMgA tIrthano jIrNoddhAra judI rItano hato. kaLAmaMdira para caDelA aNaghaDa kaLAnA popaDA dUra karavAnA hatA. maMdira para seMkaDo varSa daramyAna thayela samArakAma ane raMgakAme mULa kaLAnA vaibhavane DhAMkI dIdho hato ane kayAMka vikRta paNa karI dIdho hato. kastUrabhAInuM dhyAna te tarapha jatAM temaNe prAcIna zilpone yathAtatha svarUpamAM anAvRta karavAno nirNaya karyo. pahelAM amuka zilpakRtio uparanA popaDA ukhaDAvyA to temAMthI adbhuta kotaraNIvALI namaNI kaLA UpasI AvI. te joIne kalAkArane thAya tevo AnaMda-romAMca A kalAparIkSakane thayo. temaNe pUratuM kharca karIne tAraMgAnA samagra sthApatyano A kalAsaMtarpaka dRSTie jIrNoddhAra karAvyo.13 Aje tAraMgAnAM A zilpa-sthApatyo kaLApremI yAtrikone mATe mukhya AkarSaNarUpa banyAM che tenuM kAraNa jIrNoddhArane pratApe temane prApta Scanned by CamScanner

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138 paraMparA ane pragati thayelo navo avatAra che. giranAra ane kuMbhAriyAnAM maMdirono punaruddhAra paNa mULa sthAnanI suMdaratA ane bhavyatAne pragaTa karI batAve te rIte thayelo che. dhaMdhukAmAM baMdhAyela zrI hemacaMdrAcArya jJAnamaMdira ane amadAvAdamAM zAMtinAthanI poLamAM AvelA zrI zAMtinAthanA derAsaranA jIrNoddhArane paNa kastUrabhAInI kaLAdRSTino lAbha maLelo che. kastUrabhAIe ANaMdajI kalyANajInI peDhInA pramukha tarIke pacAsa varSa kAma karyuM te daramyAna TrasTanI Arthika sthiti to sadhdhara thaI ja. paraMtu tenAM nANAMno viniyoga dharma ane kaLAnA rocaka samanvayarUpa tIrthonA jIrNoddhAramAM karyo te temanuM e kSetramAM moTuM pradAna che. navAM maMdiro bAMdhavA karatAM prAcIna kaLAno samuddhAra thAya te rIte tenuM samArakAma karavA upara temaNe bhAra mUkyo te keTaluM badhuM vAjabI pagaluM hatuM ! peDhInAM vahIvaTa ane vyavasthAnAM aMgone paNa temaNe vadhu cetanavALAM banAvyAM. 1962mAM bhArata sarakAre dezanAM dhArmika TrasTonI kAmagIrInI tapAsa mATe sara sI. pI. rAmasvAmI AyaranA adhyakSapade eka samiti nImI hatI. tenI samakSa kastUrabhAIe jubAnI ApelI te parathI samajAyelI lokahitadRSTi ane te dRSTie TrasTanuM saMcAlana karavAnI temanI kuzaLatAthI samiti prabhAvita thaI hatI. potAnA ahevAlamAM teno nirdeza karIne samitie jaina TrasTonI vyavasthAnA namUnA para hiMdu TrasToe vyavasthA goThavavI joIe evI bhalAmaNa paNa karI hatI.14 jaina dharma ane samAja pratye kastUrabhAInuM valaNa kaMIka aMze mitavAdI sudhArakanuM rahyuM che. temanA pitA mahAmaMtrI hatA te jaina zvetAmbara konpharansanA upakrame 1925mAM yojavAmAM Avela vicAra-saMmelananuM adhyakSapada kastUrabhAIne ApavAmAM AveluM. te saMmelanamAM temaNe konpharansanA samAjasevAnA kAmamAM AvelI DhIlAzane dUra karIne jaina samAjane jAgrata karavAnuM kAma upADI levAno anurodha komanA AgevAnone karyo hato. jaina samAjanI jAhera pravRttiomAM kastUrabhAIno prathama praveza A prasaMgathI thayelo gaNAya che. atyArapachI paNa eka-be vakhata teo konpharansanA adhivezanomAM upasthita rahelA, paraMtu teo kahe che Scanned by CamScanner

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prAcIna tIrtho ane Adhunika saMsthAo tema, sAmAjika kAryano joIe teTalo utsAha enA kAryakartAo dAkhavI zakayA nathI. 139 1934-35mAM parvatithinI carcAnA prasaMge jaina samAjamAM moTo matabheda ane kleza Ubho thayo hato. teno madhyasthI dvArA ukela lAvavAno temaNe prayatna karelo. paraMtu judAM judAM jUthonI custa ekAMgI dRSTine kAraNe samAdhAna thaI zakayuM nahotuM. jaina samAjanA AcAravicAramAM jaDatA ane azuddhi sAthe paraspara ekatAno abhAva vadhato jato hato. tenA nivAraNano vicAra karavA mATe kastUrabhAIe 1963nA eprilamAM amadAvAda khAte akhila bhAratIya jaina zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka zramaNopAsaka zrIsaMgha saMmelana bolAvyuM hatuM. temAM temaNe mArmika Takora karatAM kaheluM ke "pAghaDIno vaLa have cheDe AvI gayo che. mATe jaina saMghanI zuddhi ane ekatAnI bAbatamAM jarAya galata rAkhavA jevI nathI." jaina paraMparAnA itihAsamAM saMghanI zuddhi ane ekatA mATe zrAvasaMghanuM saMmelana maLyuM hoya evo A pahelo ja prasaMga hato. samAjane sudhAravAnI kastUrabhAInI utkaTa bhAvanAnuM e dRSTAMta che. paraMtu temanI pragati-abhimukha vicAroNi rUDhicusta samAjane svIkArya nahotI. kaoNnpharanse samAjanA vyavahAramAM zuddhi ane ekatA siddha thaI zake tevA prayatno karavA eka zrIsaMgha samiti nImI hatI. tene sthAnika saMgho ke sAdhuono sahakAra maLyo nahIM eTale cAra varSane aMte kastUrabhAIe 'ghaNA du:kha sAthe' te samitine sameTI lIdhI hatI.16 jaina samAjanI bahAra vizALa lokahitanAM kAmomAM temanI pratibhAne vizeSa saphaLatA maLelI dekhAya che. duSkALa ane relarAhatanAM kAmono ullekha agAu AvI gayo che. amadAvAdamAM temaNe zikSaNanA vikAsamAM dAkhavelo rasa tenuM bIjuM sabaLa dRSTAMta che. 1929nA jAnyuArImAM gujarAta kaoNlejanA vidyArthIoe prinsipAla phinDale zirAjhe temanI sAthe karelA vacanabhaMganA virodhamAM haDatALa pADI. tene pariNAme prinsipAle keTalAka tejasvI vidyArthIone kaoNlejamAMthI baratarapha karyA. teno paDagho zaheramAM evo paDavo ke haDatALa ne rASTrIya AMdolana ekarUpa banI gayAM. dAdAsAheba mAvaLaMkara ne AcArya kRpAlAnI jevA netAo vidyArthIonA rAhabara banyA, eTaluM ja nahIM, khuda gAMdhIjInAM AzIrvAda ne doravaNIno Scanned by CamScanner

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paraMparA ane pragati lAbha paNa vidyArthIonI A aitihAsika haDatALane maLyo hato.17 A saMjogomAM sva. balubhAI ThAkora ane sva. jIvaNalAla dIvAna jevA zaheranA agraNI keLavaNIkArone lAgyuM ke amadAvAdamAM ucca zikSaNanI binasarakArI saMsthAo sthApavAnI jarUra che. te mATe temaNe sArvajanika keLavaNI maMDaLa sthApavAno vicAra saradAra vallabhabhAI ane dAdAsAheba mAvaLaMkara samakSa mUkayo. baMne netAoe te vicArane vadhAvI lIdho. kastUrabhAIne ArTsa kaoNleja mATe rUpiyA be lAkha ApavA vinaMtI thaI. e vakhate vidyArthIono jhoka vinayana vidyAzAkhA pasaMda karavA tarapha vizeSa hato. kastUrabhAInI icchA ArTsa kaoNleja mATe dAna ApavAnI na hatI. paraMtu saradAra ane dAdAsAhebe kahyuM ke, "tame dAna nahIM Apo to ahIM senTa jheviyarsa kaoNleja nIkaLaze ane pachI amadAvAdamAM tame bIjI kaoNleja kADhI nahIM zako." A dalIlanI kastUrabhAI para asara thaI. temaNe ne temanA bhAIoe maLIne ArTsa kaoNleja mATe be lAkha rUpiyA 18 ApyA. 14 1935mAM amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTInI sthApanA thaI. AnaMdazaMkara dhruvanI tenA adhyakSa tarIke varaNI karavAmAM AvI. kastUrabhAInI saMcAlaka samiti (governing body)nA pramukha tarIke pasaMdagI thaI. zeTha amRtalAla haragovanadAse sATha hajAra rUpiyA kaoNmarsa kaoNleja mATe ApyA eTale 1936mAM kaoNmarsa kaoNleja zarU thaI. 1937mAM ela. DI. ArTsa kaoNleja zarU thaI. navInacaMdra maphatalAla taraphathI rUpiyA sAta lAkha sAyansa kaoNleja mATe ane ramaNalAla lallubhAI tathA narasIlAla lallubhAI taraphathI rUpiyA traNa lAkha phArmasI kaoNleja mATe maLatAM 1946mAM sAyansa kaoNleja ane 1947mAM phArmasI kaoNleja zarU thaI. 1952mAM acaratalAla gIradharalAla TrasTa taraphathI rUpiyA cAra lAkha maLatAM ejyukezana kaoNleja temAM umerAI. amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTIne 1979nI Akhara sudhImAM maLela dAnanuM kula bhaMDoLa rU. 1,37,42,413 che. temAM rU. 60,30,150 kastUrabhAI-parivAra ane udyogagRho taraphathI maLela che. amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTInI sthApanA gujarAta yunivarsiTInA AgamananI pUrvabhUmikArUpa hatI. sosAyaTInA ja kAryakartAoe bIjuM eka gujarAta yunivarsiTI mATenuM maMDaLa saradAra vallabhabhAInA adhyakSapade sthApyuM. Scanned by CamScanner

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prAcIna tIrtho ane Adhunika saMsthAo 19 tene mATe amadAvAdanI prajAe sAro utsAha darzAvyo ne thoDA vakhatamAM ja 44,68,200 rUpiyAnuM bhaMDoLa ekatra thayuM. ane temanA vahIvaTa nIce cAlatAM udyogagRho vadhu rakamanuM dAna maLyuM hatuM. temAM kasturabhAI, temanuM kuTuMba taraphathI kulle rUpiyA bAra lAkhathI 141 AcArya AnaMdazaMkara dhruvanI rAhabarI nIce gujarAta yunivarsiTI maMDaLe gujarAtanI yunivarsiTInI vibhAvanA ghaDI kADhI hatI. ela. DI. ArTsa kaoNlejane pahelA dasakA daramiyAna vidyArthIonI pUratI saMkhyA maLatI nahotI. AcArya dhruvano Agraha hato ke vidyArthIone ucca zikSaNamAM bane teTalA vadhu vaikalpika viSayo ApavA. Ane lIdhe ela. DI. ArTsa kaoNlejamAM pacIseka vaikalpika viSayo bI. e. kakSAe zIkhavavAmAM AvatA. tene pariNAme dara varSe te kaoNlejane Azare 40,000 rUpiyAnI khoTa pUravAnI AvatI.20 eka adhyApaka dITha 8thI 10 vidyArthInuM pramANa banI gayuM, je zaikSaNika dRSTie Adarza pramANa gaNAvuM joIe. sAyansa ane kaoNmarsa kaoNlejane mATe e varSomAM khoTa pUravAno prazna Ubho thayo nahoto. pAchaLathI ArTsa kaoNlejanI khoTa ochI karavA viSayo ochA karavAnuM valaNa jAgyuM hatuM. paraMtu yunivarsiTInA kAyadA pramANe koI adhyApakane te kAraNe chUTA karI zakAya tevI sthiti nahIM rahevAthI ela. DI. ArTsa kaoNlejanI viSama Arthika sthiti thoDeghaNe aMze cAlu rahelI che. ejyukezana sosAyaTIe tenA nibhAvamAM AvatI khoTa pAchaLa Aja sudhImAM ekavIsa lAkha rUpiyA ane ema. jI. sAyansa insTiTyUTanI khoTa pAchaLa bAvana lAkha rUpiyA kharcyA che. ATalI jaMgI rakamanI jogavAI karavAmAM dekhItI rIte ja mukhya prayatna kastUrabhAIno rahelo che. pote saMcAlaka-maMDaLanA pramukha hovA chatAM kastUrabhAIe adhyApako ke AcAryonI niyuktimAM potAnI sattA ke vagano upayoga karyo nathI. sosAyaTIe nImelI pAMca vyaktionI varaNI samiti dvArA taddana niSpakSa dhoraNe uccatama lAyakAta dharAvanAra vyaktione ja pasaMda karavAno Agraha teo rAkhatA AvyA che. Ane pariNAme prinsipAla tarIke DaoN. vI. ke. Ara. vI. rAva, pro. bI. Ara. zinoya, pro. gurumukha nihAlasiMga, pro. esa. vI. desAI ane DaoN. ke. jI. nAyaka jevI ne prophesara tarIke pro. rAmAnArAyaNa vi. pAThaka, pro. epha. sI. dAvara, paMDita Scanned by CamScanner

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142 paraMparA ane pragati becaradAsa dozI ane pro. Athavale jevI khyAtanAma pratibhAo prApta thaI zakI hatI. varSo jatAM A dhoraNa UtaratuM gayuM che. A paristhitinA khulAsArUpe kasturabhAI kahe che ke dAktaro, vakIlo ane vahIvaTI amaladAronI pasaMdagImAM je muzkelI naDe che, tevI ja muzkelI Aje adhyApakonI pasaMdagI paratve paNa UbhI thayelI che. vastuta: badhAM ja kSetromAM dhoraNo sthaLatAM javAthI pratibhAnI taMgI varatAya che. tema chatAM, udyogamAM je cIvaTathI teo guNavattA jALavI zakyA che teTalI cIvaTa amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTInI kaoNlejanA saMcAlanamAM teo batAvI zakyA nathI ema kahevuM paDaze. gujarAta yunivarsiTInuM kempasa UbhuM karavAmAM amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTIno moTo hisso che. pahelAM tene mATe so ekara jamIna kharIdavAmAM AvI hatI. pachI sarakAranI madadathI bIjI pa25 ekara jamIna 70 lAkha rUpiyA kharcIne saMpAdana karI hatI. tenI pAchaLa kastUrabhAInI dIrghadRSTi hatI. yunivarsiTInuM vizALa kempasa joIne paradezIo paNa prabhAvita thayA hatA. gujarAta yunivarsiTInuM taMtra AraMbhathI je rIte goThavAyuM ane zuddha zaikSaNika dRSTine badale rAjadvArI dRSTie keTalAka mahatvanA nirNayo levAyA te aMge kastUrabhAIne asaMtoSa che. yunivarsiTInA nItiniyamo bAbata paNa temane matabheda che. Ama chatAM makAnonAM bAMdhakAma ane saMzodhana AdinI pravRttiomAM temanI salAha ane sahAya yunivarsiTIne maLatI rahe che. chellAM trIsa varSamAM lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI parivAra TrasTa taraphathI poNAtraNa karoDa rUpiyA ane temane hastaka cAlatAM udyogagRho taraphathI rUpiyA traNa karoDa bANuM lAkhanI sakhAvata thayelI che. temAM badhuM maLIne Azare doDha karoDa rUpiyAnuM dAna keLavaNInI saMsthAone maLeluM che te batAve che ke bIjA koI paNa kSetranA karatAM zikSaNa pratye temane vizeSa dilacaspI che. jo Ama na hota to chellA traNa dAyakAmAM bhAratanA koI paNa moTA zaherane mATe adekhAIno viSaya bane tevI uttama koTinI saMsthAo sthApavAmAM kastUrabhAIno sakriya prayatna jovA na maLata. aTIrA, pI. Ara. ela., lA. da. bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdira, inDiyana insTiTyUTa opha menejamenTa, skUla oNpha ArkiTekacara, nezanala insTiTyUTa oNpha DijhAina ane vikrama sArAbhAI komyuniTI Scanned by CamScanner

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prAcIna tIrtho ane Adhunika saMsthAo 143. sAyansa senTara amadAvAdanI AMtararASTrIya khyAti pAmelI saMsthAo che. svAtaMtryaprApti pachI vijJAna ane TekanolaoNjInA vikAsa mATe dezamAM je navI havA utpanna thaI tenA phaLarUpe AmAMnI vijJAna-saMsthAo udbhavI gaNAya. kasturabhAI ane DaoN. vikrama sArAbhAInA saMyukta svapnanI siddhi emAM jovA maLe che. pIDha udyogapati ane juvAna vijJAnInI icchA vijJAna ane TekanolojInA viniyoga dvArA amadAvAdanI udyoga, kaLA ane saMskRtinI saMsthAo rASTrIya kakSAe upayogI nIvaDe evuM Ayojana karavAnI hatI. ekanI prayogazIlatA ane bIjAnI vyavahArakuzaLatAnA virala samanvayathI e siddha thaI zakayuM che. 1944mAM bhArata sarakAre pamukham ceTTInA adhyakSapade audyogika saMzodhanane uttejana ApavAnA prabaMdha mATe eka samiti nImI hatI. tenI samakSa amadAvAda milamAlika maMDaLe evI rajUAta karI hatI ke sarakAra jo jarUrI Arthika sahAya Ape to maMDaLa taraphathI sahakArI dhoraNe kApaDa-udyoganI saMzodhana saMsthA sthApavAmAM Ave. tene sarakAranI saMmati maLatAM Disembara 1947mAM amadAvAda TekasaTAila inDasTrIjha risarca esosiyezana (aTIrA)nI sthApanA thaI. tene mATe amadAvAdanI 71 miloe maLIne bAvana lAkha rUpiyA ApyA. tenI sAme sarakAre 19 lAkhanI sahAya ApI ane tenA nibhAvakharcamAM vArSika doDhalAkha rUpiyAnI maryAdAmAM prathama pAMca varSa sudhI pacAsa TakA anudAna ApavAnI taiyArI batAvI.21 - briTana ane yuropamAM cAlatI audyogika saMzodhana-saMsthAonA namUnA para aTIrAnuM baMdhAraNa kastUrabhAI ane DaoN. vikrama sArAbhAInA sUcanathI taiyAra thayuM. saMsthAnI vyavasthApaka samitimAM vijJAnIone ko-oNpTa karavAnI jogavAI ane bahumatI sattA milamAlikonA hAthamAM na rahe tevI racanA paNa te baMne agraNIoe sUcavI hatI. vyavasthApaka samitinA prathama pramukha tarIke 1947mAM kastUrabhAInI varaNI thaI. te 1963 sudhI pramukha rahyA. AraMbhakALathI 1956 sudhI vikrama sArAbhAI khaMDasamayanA mAnArha niyAmaka tarIke rahyA hatA. aTIrAnI nIti bhAratabharamAMthI javAna ne tejasvI vijJAnIone tathA saMzodhakone pasaMda karavAnI rahI hatI. A saMsthA zarUAtamAM ema. jI. sAyansa insTiTyUTanA Scanned by CamScanner

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144 paraMparA ane pragati makAnamAM kAma karatI hatI. 1954mAM tenuM eka lAkha co. phUTanA vistAravALuM bhavya makAna baMdhAyuM, jenuM udghATana javAharalAle kareluM. chellA traNa dAyakAmAM aTIrAe kApaDa-udyoganAM vividha aMgo jevAM ke kApaDanI guNavattAnI maryAdA, sUtara, utpAdanakSamatA, rUno bagADa, resAnI guNavattAnI cakAsaNI, rUnI navI jAtonuM kAMtaNa tema ja sUtaranI khAmInI vaNATa ane pota para thatI asara vagere vize mahattvanuM saMzodhana kareluM che. aTIrAnA niSNAtoe A udyogane lagatAM lagabhaga 450 sAdhanonuM saMzodhana karela che. baoNIlaranI kSamatA ane ghumIDIphIkezananI prakriyAmAM sudhArA sUcavatI zodho paNa A rASTrIya saMsthAmAM thayelI che. tenA saMcAlanamAM DaoN. bhaTanAgara ane DaoN. kriSnana paNa hatA. temaNe sthApelI praNAlikA anusAra aTIrAnuM saMcAlana vaijJAniko dvArA thAya che ane tene milamAliko tathA sarakArano Teko che. aTIrA sthapAI tene bIje varSe phijhikala risarca leboreTarInI sthApanA thaI hatI. cheka 1945mAM sArAbhAI parivAra taraphathI karmakSetra ejyukezanala phAunDezananI racanA karavAmAM AvelI. A phAunDezana ucca vaijJAnika saMzodhana sahita zikSaNanI vividha pravRttione uttejana ApavAnA hetuthI sthapAyela. vikrama kembrijanI DaoNkaTareTa laIne AvyA pachI tarata ja temaNe amadAvAdamAM kaoNsmika kiraNo ane vAtAvaraNIya bhautikazAstra (eTamospharika phijhikasa)nA abhyAsa mATenI phijhikala ricarsa leboreTarI sthApavAnI hilacAla zarU karI hatI. A bAbata temaNe kastUrabhAI ane dAdAsAheba mAvaLaMkara sAthe carcA karI. amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTI, dilhInI kAunsila oNpha sAyanTiphika inDasTrI eNnDa risarca (sI.esa.AI.Ara.) ane bhArata sarakAranA aNuzakti maMtrAlayanA sahakArathI pI. Ara. ela.nI sthApanA thaI. kastUrabhAIe A saMsthAne majabUta karavAmAM DaoN. sArAbhAIne sakriya sAtha Apyo. vikhyAta vaijJAnika Do. ke. Ara. rAmanAthanane bhArata sarakAranI sevAmAMthI nivRtta thayA ke tarata ja A saMsthAnA niyAmaka tarIke kastUrabhAI ane vikrama sArAbhAI prayatna karIne laI AvyA. tenI saMcAlana samitimAM amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTI, karmakSetra ejyukezana phAunDezana, bhArata sarakAranA aNuzakti maMtrAlayanA pratinidhi tema ja muMbaI sarakAranA pratinidhi besatA. kastUrabhAI tenA prathama Scanned by CamScanner

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prAcIna tIrtho ane Adhunika saMsthAo 145 za thayA te cheka 1976 sudhI e pade rahyA. chevaTa lagI amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTInA pratinidhi tarIke teo saMcAlana samitinA sabhya hatA. pI. Ara. ela.no vistAra uttarottara vadhato gayo che. tenA makAnano zilAropaNavidhi 195ramAM Do. sI.vI. rAmane karelo ane tenuM udghATana 1954mAM javAharalAle kareluM. makAna taiyAra thayuM tyAM sudhI saMsthAnuM kAmakAja ema. jI. sAyansa insTiTyUTamAM cAlatuM hatuM. makAnano moTo bhAga svAbhAvika rIte ja prayogazALAoe rokelo che. komyuTara mATe alaga jagA che. uparAMta anusnAtaka vidyArthIonAM chAtrAlaya, adhyApakanivAsa ane atithigRha paNa bAMdhela che. Azare cALIsa lAkha rUpiyAnI kiMmatanAM makAno A saMsthAnA kempasa para baMdhAyelAM che. tenuM kAryakSetra paNa have ghaNuM moTuM thayuM che. kaoNsmika kiraNo uparAMta AMtaragrahIya avakAza, khagoLavidyA, bhU-cuMbakIya vijJAna, nyUkliyara ane plAjhamA phijhikasa, kaoNsmolaoNjI opha phijhikasa, purAtattva, jalavijJAna, rimoTa sensiga vagere vidhyonuM saMzodhana A AMtararASTrIya mAnyatA pAmelI saMsthAmAM cAle che. Aja sudhImAM Azare so jeTalA vidyArthIo pIeca.DI. ke ema.esasI.nI upAdhi meLavIne A saMsthAmAMthI bahAra paDela che. pI. Ara. ela. dezabharamAM tenA kAryathI eTalI prasiddhi pAmI che ke bhArata sarakAra tenA nibhAva mATe dara varSe rUpiyA pistALIsa lAkha anudAna Ape che. evI ja bIjI AMtararASTrIya kakSAnI saMsthA amadAvAdamAM sthapAI te inDiyana insTiTayUTa opha menejamenTa che. bhAratamAM udyogano vikAsa thayo hovA chatAM tenuM saMcAlana paraMparAthI udyogapationA kuTuMba dvArA ja thatuM hatuM. saMcAlananI vyAvasAyika kuzaLatA dharAvatA mANaso maLatA nathI evI dalIla thatI hatI. bhArata sarakAre evI vyAvasAyika kuzaLatA vikase tevo prabaMdha karavAnuM TharAvyuM. 1959mAM tene mATe nimAyela abhyAsa-niSNAta jyorja Dabalyu. robinse sarakArane kalakattA ane amadAvAda khAte bijhanesa menejamenTanuM zikSaNa Ape tevI saMsthA sthApavAnI bhalAmaNa karI.23 amadAvAdane badale AvI saMsthA muMbaImAM sthapAya te mATe cakro gatimAna thayelAM. paraMtu vikrama sArAbhAI ane kastUrabhAInA prayatnothI te saMsthA amadAvAdane ja maLI. bhArata sarakAre teno Scanned by CamScanner

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146 paraMparA ane pragati. nibhAvakharI ApavAnuM svIkAryuM. rAjya sarakAre tene mATe so ekara jamIna ApI ane makAna ityAdinA kepiTala kharcanI javAbadArI milamAlikoe upADI lIdhI. adhyApako, graMthAlaya ane sAdhano mATe jarUrI hUMDiyAmaNanI sahAya kaoNrDa phAunDezane karI. A saMsthAmAM bhAratanA koI paNa pradezamAMthI kevaLa guNavattAne dhoraNe tAlImArthIo pasaMda karavAnA hatA. tenI sAme sthAnika vidyArthIone vadhu chUTachATa ke pratinidhitva apAvuM joIe evo eka mata Ubho thayelo ane te mATe rAjya sarakAre paNa saMsthAne pAMsaTha ekara jamIna ApyA pachI vadhu ApavAnI AnAkAnI karavA mAMDelI. paraMtu kastUrabhAI ane vikrama sArAbhAIe saMsthAnI rASTrIya bhAta pUrepUrI jALavavAnA tenA prathama niyAmaka DaoN. ravi mathAInA Agrahane pUrepUruM anumodana ApyuM. chevaTe ghanazyAmabhAI ojhA mukhya maMtrI hatA te vakhate saMsthAne bAkInI pAMtrIsa ekara jamIna paNa maLI hatI.24 - 1962mAM hArvarDa skUla opha bijhanesa menejamenTanA sahayogathI AI. AI. ema.no zaikSaNika kAryakrama zarU thayo. zaktizALI juvAnone vividha kSetromAM vyavasthApana ane tatsaMbaMdhI kSetronI tAlIma ApavA uparAMta nirNayazakti khIlavavA, menejaronI vahIvaTI kuzaLatA vikasAvavA, vyavasthApanane lagatAM kSetromAM zikSako ne saMzodhako taiyAra karavA, maulika saMzodhana dvArA jJAnavikAsa sAdhI teno graMthaprakAzana dvArA prasAra karavA, niSNAta salAha pUrI pADIne vividha saMsthAone vahIvaTI prazno hala karavAmAM sahAya karavA ane A badhA uddezo siddha karavAmAM A dezanI ke paradezanI saMsthAono sahayoga sAdhavA ke sahakAra ApavA ane jarUra lAge to tene mATe saMsthAo UbhI karavAno upakrama AI. AI. ema.e nakkI karelA uddezomAM samAveza pAmelo che.25 - vastrApuranA eka vakhatanA nirjana vagaDAmAM Adhunika sthApatyanA AkarSaka namUnArUpa makAno AI. AI. ema.nA kempasa upara uThAva letAM jAya che. chellA doDha dAyakAmAM bhautika sagavaDo ane zaikSaNika kAryakramanI dRSTie AI. AI. ema.e sAdhelI pragati joIne koI paNa saMsthAne IrSyA Ave. udyoga ane kRSinAM kSetro mATenI vyavasthApanano teno abhyAsakrama susthita banIne sArI cAhanA pAmyo che. yunivarsiTInA adhyApako mATenA abhyAsakramoe Scanned by CamScanner

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Si B BEPERENCE BOOKS RECENT ADDITIONS Scanned by CamScanner inDiyana insTiTayUTa oNpha menejamenTanI mulAkAte zrI bAlakRSNa dozI, zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI ane pro. semyuala pola juo pR. 147

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Scanned by CamScanner inDiyana insTiTayUTa oNpha maeNnejamenTa, amadAvAdanA prathama DirekaTara pro. ravi mathAI sAthe zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI. juo pR. 147

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prAcIna tIrtho ane Adhunika saMsthAo 147 paNa ThIka ThIka AkarSaNa jamAvyuM che. tAjetaramAM dAkhala karela saMzodhana-kAryakrama vyavasthApana tAlImane ora AgaLa dhapAvI rahyo che. moTI vAta to e che ke saMsthAne zikSaNa, saMzodhana ane niSNAta-salAha mATe khyAtanAma adhyApako maLyA che. A viSayamAM dezabharamAM prathama paMktinuM gaNAya tevuM samRddha graMthAlaya ane samagra eziyAmAM ajoDa gaNAya tevuM komyuTara senTara mulAkAtIonuM dhyAna kheMcyA vinA rahetAM nathI. pahelAM dasa varSamAM AI. AI. ema.e da2 tAlIma kAryakramo yojyA hatA. jeno 2,167 saMsthAo ane 3,507 vyaktioe lAbha lIdho hato, 71 jeTalI saMzodhana-yojanAo pAra pADI hatI ane 61 niSNAta salAha kAryakramo hAtha dharyA hatA. A kAryakramomAM udyogagRho taraphathI rU. 800thI 1,000nA mAsika vetana sAthe hajAreka grejyueTone tAlIma mATe mokalavAmAM Avela. A saMsthAmAM praveza meLavavA mATe pahele varSe 747 arajIo AvelI. tenI saMkhyA vadhIne have lagabhaga 5,000 jeTalI thaI che. prathama varSe 58ne praveza Apelo te AMka have vadhIne 121 thayela che.26 A parathI saMsthAnI saphaLatA, upayogitA ane lokapriyatAno spaSTa aMdAja baMdhAya tema che. kastUrabhAI A saMsthAnI gavaniMga kAunsilanA sabhya hatA. temane adhyakSapada levA Agraha thayo. paNa temaNe te levAnI nA pADI. sabhyapade rahIne temaNe saMsthAnAM tamAma kAryomAM kImatI salAha ane sahAya ApyA karI. saMsthAnA makAnanI DijhAina vikhyAta sthapati pro. luI kAhane karI hatI. bilDiMga kamiTInA caeNramena kastUrabhAIe potAnI AgavI sUjhathI temAM aneka sudhArA sUcavelA ane te luI kAne khuzIthI mAnya rAkhelA; kema ke te kastUrabhAIne kudaratI sUjhavALA sthapati' gaNatA hatA. saMsthAnA prathama niyAmaka DaoN. ravi mathAI sAthe kastUrabhAIne gADha saMbaMdha hato. ravi mathAInA pitA Do. jahona mathAI kastUrabhAInA mitra hatA te nAtAthI paNa ravi mathAI temane vaDIla tarIke mAna ApatA. AI. AI. ema. mATe bhaMDoLa ekatra karavAmAM kastUrabhAIe ghaNI madada karelI che. uparAMta saMsthAnA vahIvaTI praznomAM teo vyavahAru ane sIdhA ukela sUcavatA teno ravi mathAI hoMze hoMze svIkAra karatA. baMne vacce nikhAlasa vicAravinimaya thayA karato. Scanned by CamScanner

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148 paraMparA ane pragati , ravi mathAIe svecchAe niyAmakapadethI rAjInAmuM ApyuM tyAre kastUrabhAIe temane 'mUrkhAIbharI' rIte vartavA badala Thapako Apyo hato.20 AI. AI. ema.nI rASTrIya pratibhA ane tenA zikSaNanuM UMcuM dhoraNa jALavI rAkhavAmAM saMsthAnA adhyakSa ane adhyApakone kastUrabhAIno saMpUrNa Teko hato, eTaluM ja nahIM, aneka prasaMgoe kastUrabhAIe temano pakSa laIne koI paNa prakAranI vaga ke dabANano praveza na thavA pAme te mATe takedArIbharyuM valaNa lIdhuM hatuM. gavaniMga kAunsilanI badhI sabhAomAM teo avazya hAjarI ApatA ane ghaNI vAra to tenuM pramukhapada paNa letA. te vakhate sabhyonAM vaktavya dhIrajathI sAMbhaLIne chevaTe potAnuM vaktavya teo ati saMkSepamAM rajU karatA. AvI sabhAomAM zikSako ghaNo vakhata letA. AthI sabhA pUrI thayA pachI teo ravi mathAIne haLavI phariyAda karatA ke "zikSako bahu bole che. 1975mAM AI. AI. ema.nI gavaniMga kAunsilanA sabhyapadethI nivRtta thayA tyAre kAunsile kasturabhAIe saMsthAnI sthApanA ane pragatimAM ApelA mUlyavAna phALAnI kadara karIne temanI pratye kRtajJatA darzAvato lAMbo TharAva pasAra karyo hato.28 teo nivRtta thayA te pachI paNa saMsthAnA kAryakaro mahattvanA praznomAM salAhasUcana meLavavA temanI pAse doDI jatA. jaina maMdirono jIrNoddhAra thayo tema ja aTIrA, pI. Ara. ela., AI. AI. ema. ane vepArI mahAmaMDaLa jevI saMsthAonAM makAno baMdhAyAM te prasaMgoe kastUrabhAIe uttama koTinA sthapatinI sUjha batAvIne imAratonI DijhAina taiyAra karAvI hatI. temane amadAvAdamAM eka sthApatya-kaLAnA zikSaNa mATenI saMsthAnI jarUra lAgatI hatI. 1955mAM milamAlika maMDaLanuM makAna baMdhAtuM hatuM te nimitte temane AMtararASTrIya khyAti dharAvatA sthapati bAlakRSNa dozInA saMparkamAM AvavAnuM thayuM. kaoNnjhara ne luI kAna jevA jagaprasiddha sthapatio sAthe kAma karanAra dozInA sthApatyakaLA aMgenA abhinava vicAro ne khyAlothI teo prabhAvita thayA. DaoN. vikrama sArAbhAI baMnene vadhu nikaTa lAvavAmAM nimitta banyA hatA. amadAvAdamAM paryAvaraNIya Ayojana ne taMtra' (envAyaramenTala plAniMga eNnDa TekanolaoNjI)nA zikSaNa mATe prabaMdha karavAnI jarUriyAta temane traNene lAgI hatI. Scanned by CamScanner

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prAcIna tIrtho ane Adhunika saMsthAo 149 amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTIe "senTara phora envAyaramenTala plAniMga enDa TeknolaoNjInI sthApanA karI hatI. tenA aMgarUpe sauprathama 196ramAM 'skUla oNpha ArkiTekacara' zarU karavAmAM AvI. tenA kempasa mATe amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTIe pAMca ekara jamIna dAnarUpe ApI. pachI krame krame temAM skUla opha plAniMga, skUla phaoNra evAnDa sTaDI Ina sTrakacarala enjiniyariMga, vijhayuala ArTa senTaranI suvidhAvALI skUla opha bilDiMga kansTrakazana ane skUla opha bilDiMga sAyansa enDa TekanolaoNjIno umero thato gayo.28 skUla opha ArkiTekTare eziyAbharamAM e viSayanI uttama saMsthA tarIke khyAti meLavI che. temAM cha varSano pUrA samayano DiplomA abhyAsakrama zikhavADAyA che. rAjya ane kendra sarakAre tene snAtakanI samakakSa gaNIne mAnyatA ApelI che. bhArata tema ja paradezanI yunivarsiTIoe paNa tene mAnyatA ApelI che. dozI ane temanA sAthIoe tenA saMtulita abhyAsakramanuM suMdara Ayojana kareluM che. varkazopsanA semesTara mATe bahoLI pasaMdagIne avakAza rahe te rIte temaNe viSayonuM vaividhya rAkheluM che. vyaktigata rasanA khAsa viSayonA zikSaNano paNa temAM prabaMdha che. jarUrI prayogazALAo, varkazopa ane uttama graMthAlaya sahita tamAma bhautika suvidhAo skUlamAM upalabdha che. amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTIe tenA nibhAvamAM Aja dina sudhImAM 11,64,000 rUpiyAnI khoTa bharapAI karelI che. skUla oNpha ArkiTekacaranA vArSika nibhAvakharcanA pacAsa TakA ane skUla opha plAniMganA vArSika nibhAvakharcanA pacIsa TakA amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTIe 1976 sudhI bhogavela che. te pachI sarakAre baMne saMsthAone nevuM TakA grAnTa ApavAnuM svIkArela che. phaoNrDa phAunDezana jevI videzI saMsthAo taraphathI paNa baMne saMsthAone Arthika sahAya maLe che. skUla opha ArkiTekTarane phaoNrDa phAunDezane Azare be lAkha DaoNlaranuM dAna ApeluM che. zrI dozInI paradezamAM jAmelI pratiSThAne kAraNe A prakAranI Arthika sahAya meLavavAmAM saMsthAne saraLatA rahI che.30 upara ullekhela senTara phora envAyaramenTala plAniMga enDa TekanolojInA adhyakSa hovA chatAM kasturabhAI te senTaranI vividha saMsthAonA roja-ba-rojanA kAmakAjamAM mAthuM mAratA nahIM. eka vAra kAryakartAo para vizvAsa mUkyo pachI Scanned by CamScanner

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paraMparA ane pragati tenA vahIvaTamAM dakhala na karavAnI temanI nIti hatI, dozI ane hasamukha paTele kastUrabhAIno evo vizvAsa saMpAdita karelo ke saMsthA para saMpUrNa rIte temano ja kAbU hoya evI chApa UbhI thatI. kastUrabhAIne dozImAM virala niSThA dekhAya ane dozIne kastUrabhAImAM ApasUjhavALA sthapati dekhAya. pro, kAne kastUrabhAInI kaLAnipuNatA para vArI jaIne temane insTiTyUTa oNpha ArkiTekTsa dvArA DaoNkaTareTa ApavAnuM sUcana karyuM hatuM.1 150 skUla oNpha arbana sTaDIjha eNnDa plAniMganI sthApanA 1972mAM thaI hatI. A navIna abhyAsakramavALI saMsthAne rAjya ne kendra sarakAra uparAMta amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTI taraphathI Arthika sahAya ApavAmAM Ave che. sosAyaTIe tenI pAchaLa rUpiyA cAra lAkhathI vadhu rakama kharcI che, tene kendra sarakAra tathA phraoNrDa phAunDezana taraphathI pustako ane makAna mATenA anAvartaka kharca mATe paNa Arthika sahAya maLelI che. A saMsthAnuM kAryakSetra mAnava vasAhato che. sAmAjika ane Arthika vikAsa sAthe tene vizeSa nisbata che. AkhA dezamAMthI vIseka vidyArthIone dara varSe temAM praveza maLe che. anusnAtaka athavA vyAvasAyika DigrI dharAvatA A tAlImArthIone mAsika aDhIso rUpiyAnuM nirvAhabhaththuM maLe che. saradAra paTela insTiTyUTa oNpha ikaoNnaoNmika eNnDa soziyala risarca, skUla oNpha ArkiTekcara, AI.AI.ema., nezanala insTiTyUTa oNpha oNkayupezanala heltha ane gujarAta yunivarsiTInA samAjavidyA bhavananA samAjazAstra vibhAganA sahakAramAM A skUlano moTA bhAgano kAryakrama cAle che.32 kastUrabhAInI priya AkAMkSA pAra pADanArI bIjI eka saMsthA yunivarsiTI kaeNmpasa para chellA be-aDhI dAyakAthI UbhI che te AgaboTa ghATanA anokhA sthApatyathI juduM tarI AvatuM lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdira che. 1955mAM tenI sthApanA thayelI. tenuM vizALa udyAna dharAvatuM rUpakaDuM makAna 1963mAM baMdhAyeluM ane tenuM udghATana paNa javAharalAle karyuM hatuM. munizrI puNyavijayajIe A saMsthAne 10,000 hastaprato ane 7,000 pustakonI atyaMta mUlyavAna bheTa ApelI. Aje saMsthA pAse 45,000 jeTalI hastaprato ekatra thayelI che. saMskRta, pAli, jUnI gujarAtI ane jUnI Scanned by CamScanner

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ALLI Scanned by CamScanner rAyapura milamAM majUronAM bALako mATenA bAlagRhanuM mahAtmA gAMdhIjIe udghATana karyuM te prasaMge AvakArapravacana karatA zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI juo pR. 107

Page #184
Scanned by CamScanner zrI lA. da. bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdiranA udghATana prasaMge zrI javAharalAla neharu, te vakhatanA gujarAtanA mukhya pradhAna DaoN. jIvarAja mahetA ane rAjyapAlazrI maheMdInavAjha jaMga sAthe thI bhAI lAlabhAI. jao 5. 970

Page #185
prAcIna tI ane Adhunika saMsthAo 151 hiMdI bhASAmAM bhAratIya saMskRti, dharma-tatvajJAna, jyotiSa, vyAkaraNa, chaMda, bhASA che. vividha viSayonAM sothI sAtaso varSa jUnAM pustakonI e hastaprato che. temAMthI dasa hajAra jeTalI pratonI yAdI kendra sarakAranI Arthika sahAyathI prasiddha karavAmAM AvI che. Aja sudhImAM saMsthA taraphathI pacAseka saMzodhanagraMtho prasiddha karavAmAM AvyA che ane 2,000 kImatI hastapratonI mAIkrophilma utArI che.33 saMsthAnuM mukhya AkarSaNa sAMskRtika saMgrahAlaya che. kastUrabhAI ane temanAM kuTuMbIjano taraphathI bheTa maLelI saMkhyAbaMdha purAvastuo temAM saMgrahelI che. suMdara citro, zilpo, vastro, AbhUSaNo, gRhazobhAnI vastuo, pothIo ane cheka bAramI sadInI citrayukta hastaprato maLIne Azare cAraso namUnAo A saMgrahAlayamAM mUkelA che. tenI mulAkAta lenAra harakoIne temAM prAcIna bhAratIya jIvana ane saMskRtinI mohaka jhalaka jovA maLe che. saMsthAmAM mUkelI sAmagrInI madadathI ane adhyApakonA mArgadarzanathI pIeca.DI.nI padavI mATenuM saMzodhanArya vidyArthIo calAve che. tene mATe gujarAta yunivarsiTInI mAnyatA saMsthAne maLelI che. AraMbhakALathI ja DaoN. dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA jevA prazasta vidvAna niyAmaka tarIke prApta thayA te uttama suyoga gaNAya. nivRtta thayA pachI paNa Do. mAlavaNiyA potAno kImatI samaya ApIne saMsthAmAM cAlatA saMzodhanakAryane sahAya karI rahyA che. nAnakaDA paNa sanniSTha adhyApakavRMde saMsthAne svAdhyAya ane saMzodhanathI guMjatA vidyAkendra tarIke pratiSThita karelI che. makAnanA sADAcha lAkha sahita rUpiyA bAvIsa lAkhano kula kharca A saMsthAnI sthApanAmAM thayelo che. te kastUrabhAI ane temanAM kuTuMbIjanoe ja upADela che. nibhAvakharca mohinAbA TrasTa taraphathI maLe che. saMzodhananI meI khAsa yojanA mATe bhArata sarakAra taraphathI anudAna maLe te sivAya bahArathI bIjI koI madada saMsthAne maLatI nathI. jUnI hastapratone purAvastuone surakSita rAkhIne tenA saMzodhananI vyavasthA karavAnI kastUrabhAInI bhAvanA A saMsthA dvArA uttama svarUpamAM siddha thaI rahI che. chelle premAbhAI holanI vAta karIe. jUno premAbhAI haoNla amadAvAdanI Scanned by CamScanner

Page #186
15ra paraMparA ane pragati chellAM so varSanI saMskRtino sAkSI hato. zaheramAM cAlatI nAnImoTI sAhityane saMskRtinI pravRttio te holamAM ja thatI. kastUrabhAInI klAdRSTine tenI jUnI bAMdhaNI khUMcatI hatI. vaLI beThako ane sagavaDo vadhAravAnI jarUriyAta paNa UbhI thaI hatI. eTale temaNe premAbhAI holano kAyAkalpa karAvavAnI yojanA karI, bAlakRSNa dozInI rAhabarI nIce sAta varSa sudhI tenuM navasaMskaraNa cAlyuM. kula rUpiyA 55,70,000nA kharce 975 beThakovALo navo premAbhAI hola taiyAra thayo che. temAM kastUrabhAI-parivAra ane lAlabhAI grUpanAM udyogagRhoe maLIne kula rU. 32,15,000nuM dAna Apela che. kharuM jotAM bAMdhakAmamAM eTalo lAMbo samaya lAgyo ke dAnanI rakamanuM vyAja vRddhi pAmatAM temAM khAssI rakama umerAI hatI. jema jano premAbhAI hola paraMparApriya amadAvAdanI saMskRtinuM pratIka hato tema tenuM nUtana svarUpa Adhunika amadAvAdanI saMskRtinuM pratinidhitva dharAve che. tIrthono jIrNoddhAra ane Adhunika yugane anurUpa saMsthAonI sthApanA karanAra kastUrabhAI bhaviSyanA itihAsakArane paraMparA ane AdhunikatAno virala samanvaya sAdhI batAvanAra amadAvAdanI saMskRtinA samartha pratinidhirUpa dekhAze. TIpa 1. kamu. 2. KD II, p. 2, zaiklA, pR. 36. 3. KD, p. 17. 4. kolA, pR. 33; KD I, p. 5. kamu. 5. KD II, p. 2. 6. KD II, pp. 5-6. 7. KD II, p. 6. 8. kolA, pR. 31. 9. KD II, pp. 6-7. 10. KD II, p. 7. 11. zaiklA, pR. 28. 12. zrelA, pR. 28. 13. KD II, p. 7. 14. ekalA, pR. 33. 15. kokalA, pR. 29-30. 16. zuklA, pR. 34-35. 17. gAMdhIjIe 'yaMga inDiyAmAM A banAvane vize lekho lakhIne tenuM tAratamya prajA samakSa mUkIne prajAne te AMdolana upADI levA anurodha karyo hato. juo temanA nIcenA zabdo: "gujarAta koleja aMge huM niSpakSapaNe je nirNaya para AvI zakyo chuM te jotAM, haDatALa mATe vidyArthIo pAse pUratuM kAraNa hatuM ema mArAthI kahyA vinA rahI zakAya tema nathI...jo vidyArthIo makkama rahe to haDatALanuM Scanned by CamScanner

Page #187
prAcIna tIrtho ane Adhunika saMsthAo 153 eka ja pariNAma Ave ane te e ke apamAnajanaka noTisa pAchI kheMcI levAmAM Ave ane vidyArthIone kAMI paNa zikSA karavAmAM nahIM Ave evuM pArka vacana ApavAmAM Ave. kharekhara to koleja mATe anya prinsipAla nImavA e sarakAra mATe sauthI vadhAre ucita pagaluM gaNAze. sarakArI kolejomAM je vidyArthIo amuka cokkasa vicAra dharAvatA hoya, ne sarakArane aNagamatAM rAjakIya sabhA-saMmelanomAM bhAga letA hoya temanI upara khUba jAsUsI rAkhavAmAM Ave che ane temane satAvavAmAM Ave che. AvI ayogya dakhalagIrI baMdha karI devAno samaya pAkI gayo che. paradezI sattA nIce kaNasatA hiMda jevA dezamAM vidyArthIone rASTranI mukti mATenI caLavaLamAM bhAga letAM rokI zakAya tema nathI...eTale amadAvAdanA vidyArthIonI haDatALathI Ubho thayelo prazna atyaMta mahattvano che ane vidyArthIo bIjI zaikSaNika saMsthAonI tema ja sAmAnya prajAnI sahAnubhUtine ane TekAne pAtra che.. mULa aMgrejI: 'yaMga inDiyA', 24-1-1929) gAMa, 38, pR. 371-372). 18. KD, p. 30. 19. jamu. 20. kamu. 21. KL, pp. 59-60. 22. KL, p. 61. 23. KL, p. 65. 24. KL, p. 66. 25. KL, pp. 66-67. 26.KL, p. 67. 27. KL, p. 69. 28. KL, pp. 69-70. 29. KL, p. 72. 30.KL, p. 73. 31. KI, p. 74. 32. KL, p. 74. 33. KL, p. 75. 34. KL, p. 76. Scanned by CamScanner

Page #188
uttamanA abhilASI 1928nA arasAnI vAta che. kastUrabhAInAM sAsu lIlIbahenane kSaya thayelo. havAphera mATe nAsika rAkhyAM hatAM. temanI sAthe zAradAbahena gayAM hatAM. kastUrabhAI kAmaprasaMge muMbaI gayelA. tyAMthI nAsika javAno vicAra karyo. temanA sALA surubhAI sAthe muMbaIthI sAMjanI gADImAM nIkaLyA. rAtro nAsika sTezane UtaryA. tyAMthI gAmamAM javA mATe bhADAnI TesI karI. raste bilakula aMdhAruM hatuM ane TesInI battI ghaNI jhAMkhI hatI. sAmethI moTarasAikala AvatI hatI. tenA para eka puruSa, strI ane bALaka beThelAM. TekasI tenI sAthe athaDAIne UMdhI vaLI gaI. kastUrabhAI ane surubhAI hUDa nIce AvI gayA. sadbhAgye sAmAnya IjAthI vizeSa nukasAna na thayuM, paNa moTarasAikala paranAM traNe vIsa phUTa dUra pheMkAI gayAM hatAM. kastUrabhAI utAvaLamAM hatA. bIjI TesI karIne lIlIbahenanI tabiyata joIne te ja rAro muMbaI pAchA pharyA. temanAM sAsune ekAda mahinA pachI muMbaI lAvyA ane tyAM ja temanuM avasAna thayuM. e varSanA unALAmAM kastUrabhAIe sahakuTuMba yuropayAtrA karI hatI. be baheno-DAhIbahena ane lIlIbahena-ane patnI zAradAbahena sAthe hatAM. custa zAkAhArI hovAne lIdhe sAthe rasoIyo paNa lIdhelo. pI. eNnDa o. sTImaramAM nIkaLyA. Deka upara nRtyano kAryakrama cAle. te jovA sau khullAmAM Deka para besatAM. tene lIdhe zAradAbahenane zaradI lAgI gaI. paeNrIsa pahoMcatAM to sakhata tAva Scanned by CamScanner

Page #189
uttamanA abhivALI 115 caDavo. eka aThavADiyuM injana lIdhAM. te pachI tAva to Utaryo, paNa eka ijezana pAkatAM bIjAM be aThavADiyAM sudhI herAna thayA. yuropa pharIne breimbaramAM pAchAM perIsa AvyAM tyAre samAcAra maLyA ke temano agiyAra mAsano trIjo patra hadayanI bImArImAM mRtyu pAmyo hato. mohinAbA pAse tene rAkhyo hato. zAradAbahenanI e pahelI yuropanI musApharI hatI, kastUrabhAInI bIjI. baMnene mATe A pravAsa zoka ane uga karAvanAra nIvaDyo. 1932nA AraMbhamAM eka divasa narottamabhAI kasturabhAI pAse AvyA ane bolyA: "bhAI, ApaNA traNenuM kuTuMba vistaratuM jAya che. have majhiyAro vaheMcI laIe." kastUrabhAI camakyA. temaNe kahyuM: "narubhAI, enI zI utAvaLa che? vaheMcIzuM eno vakhata Avaze tyAre" "nA. hamaNAM ja vaheMcI laIe." "paNa bA haju mAMdAM che ne ApaNe judA thaIe e sAruM kahevAya?" "emAM zuM? duniyAmAM ema thatuM AvyuM che. milakatanI vaheMcaNI karI laIe." e vAta tyAM aTakI. naTubhAI gayA. paNa kastUrabhAInuM citta cakaDoLe caDyuM. temanI najara samakSa be dAyakA pahelAno prasaMga khaDo thayo. lAlabhAI zeTha para A ja rIte temanA bhAIoe majhiyAro vaheMcavAnuM dabANa kareluM. te vakhate temanAM mA paNa jIvatAM hatAM. gaMgAmA ane bhAIzaM% solisiTara madhyasthI hatAM. milakata vaheMcAI temAM rahevAnA makAna bAbata pitAnuM dila dukhAyeluM. gaMgAmAe maNibhAI ne jagAbhAIne samajAvavA prayatna karelo; paNa bemAMthI eke mAnelA nahIM. kaleza thayelo. mA raDelAM ane chevaTe kaDavo ghUMTaDo gaLe utAratAM pitA hRdayaroganA humalAno bhoga banyA hatA. A AkhA banAvanA kastUrabhAI sAkSI hatA. judA thavAnA naTubhAInA Agrahe kastUrabhAIne vicAra karatA karI mUkyA. zuM pharI pAcho lezakAraka prasaMga Ubho thaze ne itihAsanuM punarAvartana thaze? siMha jema cALa paranuM himabiMdu khaMkherI nAkhe tema kastUrabhAIe A nabaLo vicAra khaMkherI nAkhyo. naTubhAI lIdhelI raDha choDaze nahIM teno temane Scanned by CamScanner

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156 paraMparA ane pragati nAnapaNathI anubhava hato. eTale vAstavikatA svIkArI lIdhI ane kaDavAza UbhI na thAya te rIte milakatanI vaheMcaNI karavAno nizcaya karyo. sauprathama tamAma bApIkI milakatanI yAdI karIne darekanI sAme kiMmata aMdAjIne lakhI. pachI te yAdI baMne bhAIone batAvI. paraspara saMmatithI temAM jarUrI sudhArA karyA. pachI tenA traNa bhAga karyA. sarakhI kiMmata thAya te rIte dareka bhAganI milakata goThavI ne traNa alaga yAdIo banAvI. ATaluM thayA pachI temaNe moTAbhAIne kahyuM: "narubhAI sauthI nAnA che mATe traNamAMthI pahelI pasaMdagI temane ApIe." moTAbhAI saMmata thayA. narubhAIe eka bhAganI yAdI upADI lIdhI. pachI bIjI pasaMdagI moTAbhAIne ApI ane chevaTa rahelo bhAga pote lIdho. Ama, lAkhkho rUpiyAnI milakatanI vaheMcaNI koIne vacce rAkhyA vagara ke koI prakAranI kaDavAza UbhI karyA vagara thaI zakI teno jaza kastUrabhAIne maLyo. milakatanA vibhAjana sAthe kAyamane mATe mana judAM thavAno phlezakAraka prasaMga nivArI zakAyo tethI traNe bhAIo tathA mAtAne ghaNo AnaMda thayo. A ghaTanA pachI thoDA mahinAmAM mohinAbAnuM kaeNnsaranA vyAdhithI avasAna thayuM. lAlabhAI zeThanI ociMtI vidAya pachI putronI sAthe vIsa varSa lagI temaNe ghara ane milakatanA vahIvaTano bhAra upADyo hato. teo svabhAve atyaMta saumya ane zILAM hatAM. zeThANI harakuMvaranI umadA khAnadAnI temanAmAM UtarI hatI. avasAnanA divasa sudhI gharano hisAba temaNe cIvaTapUrvaka lakhyo hato. temanI cIvaTa ne cokasAI kastUrabhAIne vArasAmAM maLI hatI. bharyuMbhAdaryuM kuTuMba mUkIne 63 varSanI pakava vaye temaNe vidAya lIdhI hatI.4 chatAM kuTuMbamAM vahetI vAtsalyanI saravANI ekAeka lupta thaI hoya evo anubhava parivAranAM sau sabhyone lAMbA vakhata sudhI thayAM karyo. 1934mAM kastUrabhAIne bhAratanA udyogapationA pratinidhi tarIke jinIvA lebara kaoNnpharansamAM javAnuM hatuM. te vakhate kuTuMba sAthe pharIthI yuropayAtrA karavAnuM banyuM. anukrame agiyAra ne nava varSanA be putro, bahena lIlIbahena tathA bhatrIjI manoramA ATalAMne laIne teo UpaDayA. prathama viyenAnA eka srIroganiSNAta pAse zAradAbahene sAravAra levAnI hatI. te sAravAra cAlu thayA Scanned by CamScanner

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uttamanA abhilASI 157 pachI kastUrabhAI jinIvA gayA. kuTuMba hoTela brisTolamAM viyenA khAte rahyuM. jinIvA konpharansa pUrI thayA pachI badhAM yuropamAM pharIne bhArata pAchAM AvyAM." kasturabhAIne jamInamAM nANAM rokavAno zokha. klakattAmAM temaNe jamIna kharIdI hatI. 1941mAM muMbaImAM bhUlAbhAI roDa para gAmaDiyA hila vistAramAM Avelo jamInano eka plaoNTa temanI AMkhamAM vasI gayo. amadAvAda zAradAbahenane phona karIne pUchayuM: "muMbaImAM sastAmAM sAro plaoNTa maLe che, kharIdIzuM?" "muMbaImAM jamInanI zI jarUra che?" "mArI icchA makAna bAMdhavAnI che. plaoNTa sAro che." "jevI tamArI IcchA, lo." kastUrabhAIe plaoNTa lIdho ne te para makAna bAMdhyuM. 194ranA mArcamAM teno kbajo paNa maLI gayo. aMbAlAla sArAbhAIe marIna lAinsa para makAna rAkheluM te vecI dIdhuM hatuM. 194ranA oNgasTamAM temanA putra suhRda saphAnA IjekSananI pratikriyAne kAraNe lyukemiyAnI bImArImAM paTAyela. temane muMbaImAM malabAra hila para rAkhelA. paNa makAna anukULa nahotuM. kastUrabhAIe temane potAnA makAnamAM rAkhavA kahyuM. suhRdanAM lagna kastUrabhAInI bhatrIjI manoramA sAthe thayelAM. klakattAthI DaoN. bI. sI. raoNya suhRdanI sAravAra mATe khAsa AvelA. paraMtu roga asAdhya hato. 17mI okaTobara 194ranA roja stUrabhAInA makAnamAM suhRdanuM avasAna thayuM. putronAM uchera ane keLavaNI mATe kastUrabhAIe ghaNI kALajI rAkhI hatI. nAnapaNathI zarIra sudRDha rAkhavA bane niyamita vyAyAma kare evo temano Agraha hato. temanA bhaNatara upara paNa temanI dekharekha rahetI. 1944mAM siddhArthabhAI bI.esasI. pAsa thayA. te vakhate zreNikabhAI inTara sAyansamAM hatA. pitAnI icchA baMnene amerikA moklIne tyAM dhaMdhAne upayogI zikSaNa apAvavAnI hatI. baMne mATe ema.AI.TI.mAM praveza meLavI rAkhyo hato. pAchaLathI zreNikabhAIe te saMsthAmAM kemIkla enjiniyariMgamAM bI.esa. thayA pachI hArvarDamAMthI ema.bI.e.nI DigrI lIdhI hatI. siddhArthabhAIne ema.AI.TI. choDavI paDelI. te nyUyaoNrkanI brukalIna poliTekanIkamAMthI kemIkSA Scanned by CamScanner

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158 paraMparA ane pragati enjiniyariMgamAM ema.esa. thayA hatA. emane bhaNavA mokalatI vakhate yuddha cAlatuM hatuM eTale amerikA moklavAnI muzkelI hatI. temaNe ghanazyAmadAsa biralAne vAta karI ke baMne putrone amerikA vadhu abhyAsa mATe moklavA che. biralAjI hasyA ne kahe: "ApaNe udyogapatione chokarAne paradezamAM bhaNAvavAnI zI jarUra? ApaNI gAdI para ja e besavAnA che ne?" kastUrabhAI temanI sAthe saMmata thayA nahIM. temaNe kahyuM: "yogya tAlIma ane zikSaNa vagara dhaMdhA para dhyAna zI rIte Apaze? jamAno evo Ave che ke dareke potAnI lAyakAta ane zaktine AdhAre ja jIvavuM paDaze." brajamohana biralAe siddhArtha ane zreNikane amerikA moklavAno prabaMdha karI Apyo. hiMdustAna moTarsanA tAlImArthIo tarIke temane biralA taraphathI sponsara karavAmAM AvyA. 1944nA oNkaTobaramAM lazkarI vimAnamAM temane amerikA mokalavAnI khAnagI goThavaNa thaI. paNa pachI A vAta bahAra paDI gaI. dilhInI vaDI dhArAsabhAmAM tene aMge prazno paNa puchAyA hatA.9 putro vidAya thayA pachI mAtAne temanI ciMtA thaI. laDAIno vakhata che te sahIsalAmata pahoMcaze ke nahIM tenI temanA manamAM avaDhava thatI hatI. baMne dIkarAne eka ja vimAnamAM ekasAthe mokalyA te khoTuM karyuM ema zAradAbahene kahyuM tyAre kastUrabhAIne paNa ghaDIbhara lAgyuM ke ATaluM moTuM jokhama na kheDayuM hota to sAruM thAta. dararoja nizcitapaNe sUnAra kastUrabhAIne te rAtre UMgha na AvI. * laDAInA divaso hovAthI baMne bhAIone bosTana pahoMcatAM paNa ThIka ThIka vilaMba thayo. sahIsalAmata pahoMcyAno tAra maLyo te pachI ja mAtApitAnA jIva heThA beThA. be varSa bAda (1946) sAinemAiDa kaMpanI sAthe vATAghATa karavA kastUrabhAIne amerikA javAnuM thayuM. te vakhate zAradAbahena paNa sAthe hatAM. A temanI amerikAnI pahelI musApharI hatI. laDAIno vakhata hato eTale nyUyorkanA eraporTa para TekasI maLatI na hatI. eka lazkarI amaladArane vinaMtI karatAM teNe temane TekasI meLavI ApI. vaoNlTara eNsToriyA hoTela para pahoMcyA. TekasI calAvanAra pacIsa-trIsa varSanI yuvatI hatI. kastUrabhAIe bakSisa ApavA mAMDI paNa teNe Scanned by CamScanner

Page #193
uttamanA abhilASI 159 lIdhI nahIM. salAma karIne vidAya thaI. pachI hoTelamAM peThA. hoTela eTalI vizALa hatI ke kyAM javuM ne kone pUchavuM tenI samaja paDI nahIM. mUMjhAIne UbhA rahyA. pachI eka porTarane pUchayuM: "mAre basTana javuM che." "najIkamAM ja sTezana che, relavemAM jAo."TekasI karIne kasturabhAI ane zAradAbahena najIkanA sTezane pahoMcyAM. temane TrenanI prathama varganI TikiTa maLI nahIM, nIcalA varganI TikiTa lIdhI. porTare pleTaphorma para maLavAnuM kaheluM te pramANe maLyo. pharI pAchI muzkelI thaI. siddhArtha-zreNikane saMdezo mokalavAno hato. bAjumAM UbhelA sajajanane pUchayuM: "mAre tAra karavo che." pelAe kahyuM: "phira nahIM. vesTarna yuniyanano mANasa Avaze tene saMdezo lakhI Apajo." kasturabhAIe kAgaLa para saMdezo lakhI Apyo ke ame amuka TrenamAM - AvIe chIe. sAthe eka DaoNlaranI noTa ApI.. pelAe kahyuM: "tatALIsa senTa thaze." sattAvana senTa pAchA ApyA, paNa lIdhelA paisAnI pahoMca ApI nahotI tenuM trIsa varSa pachI paNa A prasaMga varNavatI vakhate kastUrabhAIne vismaraNa thayuM nahotuM. bosTana sTezane UtaryA. pleTaphorma para koI dekhAyuM nahIM. liphaTamAM upara pahoMcyAM. tyAM to "pappA, pappA" evo avAja sAMbhaLyo. baMne putro maLyA. putronuM milana thatAM mAtAnA harakhano pAra na hato. AnaMdavArtA karatAM karatAM bosTana hoTela para pahoMcyAM. putro sAthe eka divasa gALIne pati patnI nyUyorka pAchAM AvyAM ne sAInemAIDa kaMpanI sAthe vATAghATo calAvI, jeno nirdeza agAu AvI gayo che. navamI phebruArI, 1950no divasa. zAradAbahena ekAeka bImAra thaI gayAM. kastUrabhAI muMbaI hatA. tyAMthI kaMDalA baMdara samitinI sabhAmAM hAjarI ApavA bhUja javAnA hatA. tyAM zAradAbahenanI mAMdagI aMge narottamabhAIne phona Avyo eTale amadAvAda AvyA. peTamAM sakhata du:khAvo thato hato. dAktaro nidAna karI zakatA na hatA. zukravAra, tA. 10mIe bapora pachI oNparezana Scanned by CamScanner

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160 paraMparA ane pragati karavAnuM nakkI karyuM. DaoN. motIbhAI paTelanA davAkhAnAmAM dAkhala kyAM. Do. paTele oNparezana karyuM. agAunAM oparezanone kAraNe AMtaraDAmAM amuka padArthonA gAMThA jAmI gayA hatA ema DaoNkTare kahyuM. oNparezanane lIdhe puSkaLa lohI vahI gayuM hatuM tene pariNAme maMgaLavAra, tA. 14mI phebruArInI savAre temanuM avasAna thayuM. 10 kastUrabhAInA mAthe Abha tUTI paDyuM hoya tevuM lAgyuM.jiMdagImAM Aja sudhI Avo Akro ghA sahana karavAno Avyo na hato. pAMtrIsa varSanA sahavAse jIvana je bharyuMbharyuM banyuM hatuM te eka ja vyaktinA jatAM jANe lukhkhuM verAna banI gayuM. saMyamI ane dRDha manobaLavALA kastUrabhAI patnInA viyoganI kalpanAmAtrathI dhrUjI UThayA. pravRttimaya jIvanamAM parokSa rahIne rasa pUranAra patnInA mRtyuno ghA lAMbA vakhata sudhI rujhAyo nahIM. - sAInemAIDa kaMpanInA pratinidhio nyUyorkathI AvelA. temaNe hoTelamAM bhojana-samAraMbha goThavelo. zAradAbahenanA avasAnane ekAda-be mAsa thayelA. kastUrabhAI AvA samAraMbhomAM hAjarI ApatA na hatA. paraMtu paradezI mahemAno pratye aviveka na thAya te mATe emAM hAjarI ApavA gayelA. te vakhate hRdayamAM patnInA smaraNathI evo DUmo bharAI Avyo ke badhAnI vacce khullekhulluM raDI paDAyuM hatuM.11 A duHkhanA divasomAM dharmanA graMthonI sAthe kavizrI narasiMharAva diveTiyAnA "smaraNasaMhitA' kAvyanA vAcanathI temane AzvAsana maLatuM hatuM.12 chellAM trIsa varSathI kastUrabhAI dIvALI amadAvAdamAM rahIne UjavatA nahIM paNa paMdareka divasa koI tIrthasthAna ke ekAnta sthaLamAM jaIne AtmaciMtana karatA. - 1948nI zarUAtamAM amadAvAda khAte bI. ela. vaizya karIne inkamaTekasa kamizanara hatA. temaNe aMbAlAla sArAbhAI para kALAM bajAra ane evI bIjI gerarItio karavAno AkSepa karatI noTisa mokalI ne traNa karoDano daMDa phaTakAryo hato. e vakhate mukham ceTTI nANAmaMtrI hatA. kastUrabhAIne temanI sAthe sAro saMbaMdha hato. temaNe ceTTIne maLIne kahyuM ke aMbAlAla sArAbhAI jevA cokhkhA ne prAmANika sajajana para inkamaTeksa adhikArI Avo aghaTita Aropa mUke ane temanA pratye tochaDuM vartana batAve te ghaNuM kharAba kahevAya. Scanned by CamScanner

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uttamanA abhilASI 161 yamukha ceTTIe te adhikArIne saspenDa kya. paNa temanA e pagalA sAme mulakI khAtAe virodha karatAM vaizyane pharI nokarImAM levA paDyA. tenuM pariNAma e AvyuM ke te adhikArIe kastUrabhAI ane temanA vahIvaTa nIcenI peDhIo para paNa aprAmANika vyavahArano Aropa mUkyo. paramakhama jANatA hatA ke A khoTo AkSepa hato eTale temaNe yAdImAMthI kastUrabhAI sahita pAMceka udyogapatio tathA temanI peDhIonAM nAma dUra karyA. A vAtanI bIjA maMtrIone khabara paDatAM UhApoha thayo. saue mAnyuM ke nANAmaMtrIe kastUrabhAI pratye pakSapAta darzAvyo che. Ane kAraNe paNamukham ceTTIne rAjInAmuM ApavAnI pharaja paDI. kastUrabhAI, temanA bhAIo tathA temanI peDhIo sAme tapAsa zarU thaI. te lagabhaga dasa varSa cAlI. sarakArI tapAsamAM zaMkAspada vyavahAra gaNAya tevI eka paNa bAbata zodhI zakAI nahIM. temanA baMgalAmAM vAvela zAkabhAjI vecAyAno hisAba paNa copaDAmAM cokhkho darzAvelo hato. Akhare tapAsa paDatI mUkavI paDI. dasa varSa lagI temane ane temanI peDhIone binajarUrI herAnagati pahoMcI, paNa tene mATe sarakAranI pAse dilagIrIno eka zabda paNa nahoto evI kastUrabhAInI phariyAda che.13 tamAma prakAranA vyavahAra ane hisAbamAM temaNe prAmANikatAno Agraha hamezAM rAkhelo che. maLAM bajAra ke lAMcaruzavatano Azraya game tevA kaparA saMjogo hoya topaNa na levo e temano niyama hato. atula mATe amuka kAcA mAlanI jarUra hatI. te mAla amuka rakama gerakAyadesara kharyA vagara maLe tema na hato. temaNe ene mATe atulanAM amuka khAtAM keTaloka samaya baMdha rahevA dIdhAM, paNa gerarItino Azraya lIdho nahIM.' dasa varSa sudhI InkamaTekasa khAtA taraphathI tapAsa cAlI topaNa temanA peTanuM pANI hAlyuM nahIM. eTaluM ja nahIM, e daramyAna sarakAra taraphathI vividha samitiomAM kAma karavAnuM AvyuM te paNa svIkAryuM. tenuM eka kAraNa e ke potAno vyavahAra ne hisAba cokhkho che evo temane dRDha AtmavizvAsa hato. jAhera hitanA kAmamAM svArtha sAdhavAnI ceSTA temaNe kadI karI nathI. bhArata sarakAra taraphathI rUnI kharIdI mATe ijisa gayA tyAre temane aMbAlAla sArAbhAIe Scanned by CamScanner

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162 paraMparA ane pragati salAha ApelI ke "jojo ho, Ijipta rU pakavato deza che. tame sarakArI Deligezana laIne jAo cho. tamAre mATe eka paNa gAMsaDI kharIdazo nahIM. nahIM to tamArI upara TIkAnI jhaDI varasaze." kastUrabhAIe javAba Apyo: "tamArI vAta sAcI che. huM evuM kadI na karuM."15 evo ja temano cokhkho vyavahAra dhArmika ane bIjAM TrasTonA vahIvaTamAM hato. TrasTI tarIke pharaja bajAvatAM sArAbhAI DAhyAbhAI jevA snehI ke pratApa- ' siMga jevA nikaTanA sagAnI sAme kAyadesara pagalAM letAM te acakAyA nathI. amadAvAdamAM 1944mAM komI hullaDa thayuM tyAre temaNe darzAvelI hiMmata ane dRDhatA koI paNa lokanetAne jeba Ape tevI hatI. pote tAjA ja paradezathI AvelA. amadAvAdanA kalekaTara barvee salAha mATe bolAvyA. mahoramanA tahevAramAM muslimone tAjiyA kADhavA mATe paravAnagI ApavAno prazna hato. bujharga keMgresI AgevAna lAlAkAkA paNa hAjara hatA. kastUrabhAIne kalekaTare pUchayuM : "tamAro zo abhiprAya che?" "tame tAjiyA kADhavAnI paravAnagI ApavAnA cho ne?" kastUrabhAIe pUchayuM. ApavI paDaze." * "to evI zarata mUkI ke nakkI karelo rasto choDIne bIje raste jaze to dekho tyAMthI ThAra kono hukama apAze." kastUrabhAIe ThaMDe kaleje salAha ApI. lAlAkAkAne navAI lAgI. eka jaina UThIne AvI haDahaDatI hiMsAnI salAha Ape che! lekaTare kastUrabhAIne potAne ghera bolAvyA. temanI sAthe vigate carcA karI ne pachI hukama Apyo ke je loko niyama viruddha vartaze temane ThAra karavAmAM Avaze. bIje ja divase hullaDa thayuM. kastUrabhAI muMbaI gayelA. pachIne divase pAchA AvyA tyAre myunisipala pramukhe temane bolAvyA ane kahyuM: "ApaNe hullaDagrasta vistAromAM pharIne lokone dukAno kholI nAkhavA kahIe." "bhale, cAlo." kastUrabhAIe kahyuM. Scanned by CamScanner

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uttamanA abhivANI 163 pramukhazrIme rakSaNa mATe sAthe polIsa rAkhavAnuM sUcana kyuM tyAre kastUrabhAIeliIne kahyuM: "zI nAkhI dIdhAnI vAta karo cho? jo ApaNe polIsanA DLa nIce jaIne vepArIone dukAna upADavAnI salAha ApIzuM to koNa mAnavAnuM hatuM? polIsane sAthe rAkhIe to ApaNo javAno hetu ja mAryo javAno." chevaTe tonagrasta vistAramAM polIsane lIdhA vinA teo ryA. jokhama to hatuM ja. chatAM nirbhIka thaIne ryA ne vepArIone dukAno ughADI nAkhavA samajavI zakyA. 16 paradezI kaMpanIo sAthe vepAranI vATAghATa karavAmAM paNa temaNe kadI nabaLAI ke DhIlAza batAvI nathI. IjiptanA rUnA sodA aMgenI vATAghATo tathA leMkezAyaranA pratinidhio sAthenI maMtraNAonA prasaMgo ApaNe joI gayA chae. vaLI e paNa joyuM ke briTananI AI.sI.AI. kaMpanInI atula sAthe sahayoga karavAnI vinaMtIno temaNe asvIkAra karelo; sAInemAIDa kaMpanInI saMmati maLI te pachI ja AI.sI.AI.nI bhAgIdArI mATe teo taiyAra thayelA. te aMge vATAghATo karavA mATe temane AI.sI.AI. kaMpanIe laMDana bolAvelA. kastUrabhAI ekvA gayelA. sAthe sekeTarIne paNa lIdhela nahIM. sAme pakSe AI.sI.AI.nA cAra DirekTaro beThelA. sAthe sekreTarI ane sTenogrAphara paNa kharA. kastUrabhAIne kSaNabhara to lAgyuM ke mArI sAme A cha 'bAghaDA' che ne huM ahIM eklo!kyAMka cUka karI besIza to mAruM dhyAna doranAra ahIM koI nathI! paNa e vakhate jarAya hiMmata gumAvyA vagara maMtraNA calAvavA taiyAra thayA. hiMmata mardA to madade khuda! tarata amadAvAdI vaNikanI caturAI madade AvI. temaNe maMtraNAnI paddhati nakkI karatAM sAmA pakSane sUcavyuM: "ApaNe maMtraNAo dvArA je nakta karIe tenI tamArA sekreTarI ane sTenogrAphara noMdha kare te noMdha mane moklatA jAo eTale huM te joIne jarUra paDe tyAM sudhArato jAuM jethI ApaNA nirNayone AkharI opa maLe." sAme pakSe teno svIkAra karyo. dasa-bAra divasa maMtraNAo cAlI. ane A paddhati apanAvavAthI temane AI.sI.AI. sAthenI maMtraNAomAM dhArI saphaLatA maLI. svadeza pAchA pharyA pachI aMbAlAla sArAbhAIe temane pUchayuM: Scanned by CamScanner

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164 paraMparA ane pragati sAme pakSe cAra bAghaDA temanA sTApha sAthe beThelA, tenI sAme tame eklA zI rIte Takkara jhIlI zakyA?" pote apanAvelI paddhati kastUrabhAIe kahI tyAre aMbAlAla temanI caturAI para phidA thaI gayA. Ama chatAM noMdhavuM joIe ke AvI mahattvanI maMtraNA vakhate temaNe ekAda-be sAthIone sAthe rAkhavA joItA hatA. maMtraNAono mukhya viSaya menejiMga ejansI hato. kastUrabhAI maeNnejiMga ejansInA pakkA taraphadAra. AI.sI.AI.nA DirekaTarone te mAnya nahotuM. temaNe menejiMga DirekTara drArA atulano vahIvaTa thAya tevo Agraha rAkhyo. kastUrabhAInI yojanA menejiMga ejansI cAlu rAkhavAnI hatI eTale te kabUla thayA nahIM. maMtraNAmAM maDAgAMTha paDI. chevaTe baMne pakSe maLIne vacalo mArga kALyo: be menejiMga DirekTaro vahIvaTa kare, ne menejiMga ejansI paNa amuka vibhAgono vahIvaTa kare. A rIte samAdhAna thavAthI temane eTalo AnaMda thayo ke tenI ujavaNI rUpe temaNe AI.sI.AI.nA DirekaTarone potAnI hoTelamAM bolAvIne zempana pAyo! paraMtu bhArata AvyA pachI bIjI muzkelI UbhI thaI. bhAratIya kaMpanI dhArA pramANe menejiMga ejansI ane menejiMga DirekaTarazipa ema be paddhatie vahIvaTa calAvI zakAya tema nahotuM. bemAMthI koI eka ja paddhati akhatyAra thaI zake. AI.sI.AI. sAthe pote karela karAranI kastUrabhAIe nANAmaMtrIne jANa karI. A briTiza kaMpanI sAthenA karArathI dezane dasa karoDa rUpiyAnuM hUMDiyAmaNa maLe tema hatuM, je 1959mAM bhAratane mATe nAnosUno lAbha na hato. nANAmaMtrI morArajI desAIe temane maeNnejiMga ejansInI paddhati tajI devA ghaNuM kahayuM paNa kastUrabhAI makkama hatA. temaNe kahyuM: "koI paNa saMjogomAM huM menejiMga ejansI jatI karI zakuM tema nathI."18 eka jotAM kastUrabhAInI vAta sAcI hatI. emanI nava kaMpanIomAM e vakhate maeNnejiMga ejansInI prathA hatI. have ekalI atulamAM te prathAne tajIne prophezanala menejamenTano Azraya levAnuM temane mATe zakya nahotuM. kema ke kuTuMbanI traNe zAkhAone e rIte temAM samAvI zakAya tema nahotuM. Scanned by CamScanner

Page #199
uttamanA abhilASI 165 parivAranA sau mukhya sabhyone badhAM ekamomAM mUkavA paDe tema hatuM. eTale koI eka ekamamAM apavAda thaI zake tema nahoto. chevaTe AI.sI.AI. sAtheno karAra rada thayo. ATalI mahenata karyA pachI karAra rada karavo paDyo tethI temane saheja paNa du:kha thayuM nahIM. UlaTuM, AI. sI.AI.nI madada vinA atula ghaNI pragati karIne dezanI eka uttama audyogika saMsthA tarIke pratiSThA jamAvI zakyuM tenuM temane gaurava che. IjhaaniSTanI pasaMdagImAM mANasane tenAthI UMcI koIka adRzya zakti preratI hoya che ema kastUrabhAI zraddhApUrvaka mAnatA. koI paNa udyoganI saphaLatAnA pAyAmAM niSThA, prAmANikatA ane khaMtabharI mahenata jarUranAM che. kastUrabhAI A guNonA dRSTAMtarUpe dilhInA vikhyAta udyogapati sara zrIrAme sIvavAnA saMcAno udyoga kevI rIte khIlavyo tenI vAta kare che. 1937mAM temaNe sIvavAnA saMcA utpanna karavAnuM kArakhAnuM nAkhyuM tyAre siMgara kaMpanIno sIvavAnA saMcA pUrA pADavAno IjAro duniyAnA badhA ja dezomAM hato. lAlA zrIrAme hiMmata karIne teno udyoga zarU karyo. pahele varSe pAMca lAkha rUpiyAnI khoTa AvI. bIje varSe dasa lAkhanI. ema karatAM cauda varSa lagI khoTa khAdhA karI. chatAM nAhiMmata thayA nahIM. eka mazIna utpanna karatAM zarUAtamAM 147 kalAka thatA hatA temAM sudhAro karatAM tetrIsa klAka sudhI lAvyA. cauda varSe "uSA" mazInanI pratiSThA baMdhAI ane temane enA dhaMdhAmAM pAMca lAkha, dasa lAkha, paMdara lAkha ema vadhu ne vadhu napho thato gayo."lAlA zrIrAmanA gayA pachI e kaMpanI muzkelImAM AvelI, paraMtu te judI vAta thaI. khaMta, mahenata ane niSThAthI game tevuM muzkela kAma AsAna banI zake che evI kastUrabhAInI zraddhA hatI. pote sthApelI milomAM potAnuM rokANa to dasa ke vIsa TakA jeTaluM ja hoya che, paNa tenI pAchaLa pote kharcela zrama ane dAkhavela niSThAnA phaLa rUpe ja siddhi maLe che ema temanuM dRDha maMtavya hatuM. bhArata sarakAranI karaverA nIti evI che ke A dezamAM vadhAre saMpattivALA banavA karatAM garIba rahevuM vadhu hitakara che." kastUrabhAIe eka amerikana mulAkAtIne eka vAra kaheluM. "ema hoya to tame navI navI kaMpanIo zA mATe sthApo cho?" Scanned by CamScanner

Page #200
189 paraMparA ane pragati na "rASTranA udyoganA vikAsa mATe rASTrIya saMpatti vadhAravA mATe. Aje ame bArathI paMdara kaMpanIo calAvIe chIe ane badhI sArI cAle che. chatAM navI kaMpanI kADhIe chIe te saMpattino Dhagalo karavA mATe nathI. A dezano karaverA dhAro amane ema karavA de tema nathI. paraMtu dezanI saMpattimAM tenAthI jarUra vadhAro thAya che. atulano ja dAkhalo lo. temAM eka lAkha vRkSo vAvyAM che. kadAca dezamAM koI eka audyogika vistAramAM ATalI moTI vRkSarAji UbhI thaI nahIM hoya. dara aThavADiye kArIgaro ane kAmadArone manoraMjana pUruM pADatuM tenuM vizALa opana era thiyeTara juo ke dara pakhavADiye pratyeka kAmadAranA svAdhyanI tapAsa karanAra niSNAta DaoNkTaranI suvidhAvALuM Arogyakendra juo ke vividha DijhAInanA eka hajAra jeTalA nivAso che te juo. A badhuM jotAM tamane lAgaze ke saMpatti ekatra karavA karatAM kaMIka UMco rASTrIya hitano uddeza ahIM kAma kare che." Ama, bhArata sarakAranI karaverAnI nIti pratye roSa hovA chatAM rASTrabhakti ne sAhasikatA temane dezanA audyogika vikAsane AgaLa dhapAve tevAM navAM. sAhaso karavA prere che. AjhAdI AvyA pachI vepAraudyogane thayelA phAyadAnI teo kadara kare che. pahelAM koI mAla bahArathI AyAta karavo hoya to briTananI sAme ja najara karavI paDatI; have jarUrI mAlanI uttama jAta kharIdavA mATe AkhA jagatanuM bajAra khulluM thayuM che; videzI udyogagRhonA sahakAramAM kAma karavAnI taka khullI thaI che; eTaluM ja nahIM, videzIo sAthe taMdurasta spardhAmAM UtarI zake tevI bauddhika kuzaLatA dekhADavAnA prasaMgo paNa prApta thayA che: ema svAtaMtryaprAptinA aneka phAyadAnuM teo pRthakkaraNa karI batAve che. benkanA rASTrIyakaraNathI sAdhanahIna kheDUto ane nAnA udyoga zarU karanArAne dhirANanI sagavaDa thaI te, bIjA geraphAyadAnI sAme, dezane mATe moTA phAyadArUpa che ema * teo prAmANikapaNe mAne che. vepAra, udyoga ane samagra arthakAraNamAM navI dRSTi ane navo abhigama AjhAdI pachI ja khIlatAM thayAM che ema temaNe aneka prasaMge kahyuM che.21 videzI udyogagRha sAthe sahakAramAM kAma karavuM hoya to tame kaI bAbato dhyAnamAM rAkho cho?"--eka vAra eka saMvAdadAtAe temane pUchayuM. Scanned by CamScanner

Page #201
uttamanA abhilAthI 167. traNa bAbato: paheluM to e ke tame konI sAthe sahakAra sAdhavA mAgo cho. eTale ke te kaMpanInI sadhdharatA, pratiSThA vagere kevAM che te jovuM. bIjuM, tenI pAchaLa prayojana zuM che? te kaMpanI pAsethI navA sAhasa mATe kahyuM "no hAu maLe che te. ane trIjuM, e 'noTAune amalamAM mUkavA mATe zI vyavasthA thaI zake tema che teno vicAra karavAno. tamArA Tekaniziyanane tene mATe cha-bAra mahinA tAlIma mATe temanI pAse paradeza mokalavAnI jarUra paDe ane temAM saphaLatA na maLe to temanA Tekaniziyanane ahIM bolAvavo paDe ane tenI madadathI mazIna calAvavAnuM ApaNo Tekaniziyana zIkhe. tema chatAM koI muzkelI UbhI thAya to mazInarImAM jarUrI pheraphAra karAvavo paDe. Ama videzI kaMpanI sAthe kAma pADavAmAM bahu takedArI rAkhavI paDe che."12 "emAMthI chevaTanuM pariNAma tamArI najara sAme zuM hoya che? "oSTha koTinuM utpAdana. badhe ja uttama--best nI pasaMdagI e ja mAruM nizAna raheluM che. pachI te mAre mATe kapaDuM kharIdato houM ke milane mATe mazInarI; tIrthanA jIrNoddhAranuM kAma hoya ke saMsthAnI sthApanAnuM. mArA svabhAvamAM ja "sekanDa besTa' pasaMda karavAnuM valaNa nathI. kAma karavAmAM paNa uttamano ja huM cAhaka rahyo chuM. koI kahe ke tame pharsTa klAsa kAma karyuM to mane saMtoSa thAya. paNa "madhyama koTInuM, "ThIkaThIka', "cAlaze" evA zabdo sAMbhaLIne mane nirAzA Ave che, cIDa caDe che.23 kastUrabhAI hamezAM uttamanA abhilASI rahyA che. jema sArI guNavattAvALuM kApaDa madhuM hoya paNa saravALe lAMbuM cAle tethI sastuM paDe che tevuM ja zaktizALI mANasathI mAMDIne jIvananA dareka kSetramAM karavAnI AvatI pasaMdagI paratve temanuM valaNa raheluM che. temanI udyogapati tarIkenI saphaLatAnA mULamAM bauddhika kuzaLatA, khaMta, zrama, niSThA Adi guNonI sAthe UMcuM nizAna ane tene vaLagI rahevAnI dRDhatA paNa che. tame ATalA moTA udyogapati cho, tenI sAthe zilpasthApatyanI kalAmAM UMDI sUjha dharAvo cho tenA mULamAM kayuM preraka baLa che e kahI zakazo?" A lakhanAre eka vAra temane pUchayuM. "juo, temAM paNa khaMta ane niSThAthI prayatna karavAnI mArI Teva che. nAno Scanned by CamScanner

Page #202
168 paraMparA ane pragati hato tyAre mane sArA-narasAnI pasaMdagInuM bhAna nahotuM. mArAM kapaDAM mATe kApaDanI pasaMdagI bIjA karatA. eTaluM ja nahIM, mArAM kapaDAM sIvavA ApatI vakhate koTano Avo kaTa rAkho ne zarTano Avo kaoNlara sAro lAgaze e paNa bIjA nakkI karatA. jANe mane kazI gama ja na hoya! A sthitithI mane cIDa caDI. mArAM kapaDAMnI pasaMdagI meM ja karavA mAMDI. bIjAnAM kapaDAM joIne mane kevAM sArAM lAgaze te meM ja nakkI karavA mAMDyuM. badhI vastu mATe meM evuM valaNa prayatnapUrvaka keLavyuM." "paraMtu sthApatya ne zilpanI sUjha zI rIte keLavAI?" "e paNa kahuM. mAre amadAvAdamAM makAna bAMdhavuM hatuM. tenI DijhAIna pasaMda karavAnI hatI. koI ArkiTekTane kahyuM hoya to DijhAina to dorI Ape, paNa te mArI pasaMdagInI DijhAina nahIM bane ema mane lAgyuM. eTale meM jAte ja DijhAIna pasaMda karavAnuM nakkI karyuM. te mATe huM muMbaI gayo. makAnonuM nirIkSaNa karato karato huM kAlabAdevIthI malabAra hila sudhI page cAlato gayo. tyAMthI alTamonTa roDa upara Utaryo. rastAmAM mane je makAnonI DijhAina gamI tenAM saranAmAM noMdhI lIdhAM. pachI te makAnonI DijhAIna karanArAno saMparka sAdhyo. te parathI meM mArA makAnanI DijhAina manamAM taiyAra karI ane mArI sUcanA mujaba tenI DijhAina taiyAra karAvI."24 kastUrabhAIe khIlavI che tevI kaLAdRSTi kevaLa parizrama ke prayatnapUrvakanA nirIkSaNathI khilavAtI nathI.sauMdaryapArakhu sUjharUpe manuSyanI aMdara tenAM bIja paDayAM hoya che. kastUrabhAIne suMdara, bhavya ane zreSThane mATe kudaratI pakSapAta che. temanI e kalAprIti parizrama ane prayatnathI saMskArAyelI che. keTalAka zrImaMta zokhInone hoya che tema, kalAkRtionAM darzana ke saMgraha pUratI ja temanAmAM te maryAdita nathI. zilpa ane sthApatya pUratI to tenI nirmANapaddhati ane AkArasauSThava ityAdi viziSTatAonI parIkSA karavA jeTalI te kasAyelI che. kastUrabhAI udyogapati na hota to zilpa-sthApatyanI UMDI samaja ne kadara dharAvatA marmI klAparIkSaka tarIke kadAca vizeSa prasiddhi pAmyA hota. eka amerikana atithie temane eka vAra pUchayuM: "tame jIvanamAM keTalI saphaLatA meLavI che teno kyAsa kADho che?" "nA. e amerikana paddhati che. mArA jAhera jIvanamAM ne vepAraudyogamAM Scanned by CamScanner

Page #203
uttamanA abhilASI 169 mane ThIka ThIka saphaLatA maLI che teno mane khyAla che. paraMtu tene vize vicAra karavA beTho nathI. je uddezo rAkhyA te pAra paDyA eTale thayuM evo saMtoSa anubhavuM chuM. tethI vizeSa kAMI nahIM." A vAta eka rIte sAcI che. potAne aMgata rIte maLelI saphaLatAnuM mApa kADhavA e kadI beThA nathI. kadAca bhAratIya saMskRtike prakRtinuM e lakSaNa che. paraMtu temanA udyogasaMkulanI pragatino AMka temanI najara bahAra raheto nathI. amadAvAdanI badhI milono kula napho thAya tenA pacIsa TakA jeTalo napho temanA udyogasaMkulano hoya che. navA udyogo mATe jema temanI dRSTi pharatI rahe che tema dara varSe navAM navAM sAmAjika ne sAMskRtika mahattvanAM kAmo mATe dAna ApavAno utsAha paNa eTalo ja vadhato jAya che. dara varSe sarerAza bAra lAkha rUpiyA temanA saMkula taraphathI dAna apAya che, ema temaNe 1973mAM kaheluM te pachI te rakama uttarottara vadhatI gaI che. 1978 ane 1979mAM A vArSika dAnanI rakama bAsaTha lAkha sudhI pahoMcI che. vividha rASTrIya hitanAM kAmomAM potAnAM samaya ane zaktinA yogadAna uparAMta dhananuM pradAna karIne paNa teo samAja ane deza pratyenuM potAnuM RNa adA karyAno saMtoSa le che. "AvatI kAle ja tamAruM avasAna thavAnuM hoya to............ amerikana mulAkAtIe prazna karyo. "mane AnaMda thaze." aTTahAsya karatAM kastUrabhAI bolyA. "paNa pachI zuM?" "pachI zuM thaze tenI mane jarAya ciMtA nathI." tamAruM zuM thaze tevo vicAra Ave che kharo?" "huM punarjanmamAM mAnuM chuM." "eTale?" jaina tattvajJAna pramANe Izvara jevuM kAMI nathI. huM IzvaranI sthiti paryanta pahoMcI zakuM chuM. teno artha e thayo ke mAre mAruM cAritrya eTaluM UMce laI javuM joIe ke e padane mATe huM krame krame pAtra thato jAuM. A vicAra mATe mane khUba mAna che, gaurava che." "te sthitie zI rIte pahoMcAya?" Scanned by CamScanner

Page #204
paraMparA ane pragati "te paNa amArA dharmamAM batAvyuM che. satya bolavuM, dhanano parigraha na rAkhavo, hiMsA na karavI, vagere. A siddhAMto mane priya che. jaina dharma je siddhAMto kahyA che tenAthI UMcA siddhAMto bIje bhAgye ja jovA maLaze." 170 "jaina dharma eTale zuM?" "kharuM pUcho to jaina dharma te dharma nathI, jIvana jIvavAnI eka rIta che, jenuM anusaraNa karavAthI A jIvanamAM ja ucca AdhyAtmika koTie paheoMcI zakAya che." "jaina dharmamAM dhanano saMcaya na karavAnuM kahyuM che kharuM?" "nA. temAM evuM kahyuM che ke nakkI karelI maryAdAthI adhika saMpatti na rAkhavI." aparigrahano artha alpa parigraha karIne samajAvavAno temaNe prayatna karyo ! "tame enuM vrata lIdhuM che kharI?" "nA. pote meLavela dhanano amuka bhAga sArvajanika kalyANa arthe kharcavo evo mAro niyama che kharo."27 karakasara kastUrabhAInA svabhAvanuM AgaLapaDatuM lakSaNa che. eka paisAno paNa durvyaya thAya te temane gamatuM nathI. jarUra UbhI thAya to lAkhkho rUpiyA kharcI zakAya. paNa bina-utpAdaka ne binajarUrI kharca na karavuM evo temano Agraha hoya che. temanI milomAM bIjI samakakSa milonA karatAM mANasone pagAra ocho apAya che, paNa koInA kAmamAM dakhala hotI nathI ane lAyakAta pramANe AgaLa vadhavAno avakAza hoya che. eka vAra nImyA pachI mANasane chUTo na karavo evI . temanI nIti che. AthI sthira rahIne kAma karavAnI vRttivALo mANasa temanA saMkulamAM AgaLa vadhI zake che. lAMcaruzavata ane zoSaNakhorInA teo kaTTara virodhI che. potAnA mANasone teo kahe che: "aNaAvaDatane kAraNe mane nukasAna thaze te sahana thaze, paNa mArI AMkhamAM dhULa nAkhavAno prayatna karazo te sahana nahIM karuM." 28 nAnI ke moTI bAbatamAM koI temane chetarI jAya te temane asahya thaI paDe che. koIe eka kilo grAma drAkSa bheTa mokalI hoya paNa ghera jokhatAM so grAma ochI nIkaLe to sAmA mANasane patra lakhe ke tame drAkSanI kharIdImAM chetarAI Scanned by CamScanner

Page #205
' S * -- che. jene teNe | | Scanned by CamScanner zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAInA paMcoterame varSe amRta mahotsava ujavAyelo te prasaMge gujarAta vepArI mahAmaMDaLe yojela samAraMbhamAM (DAbethI jamaNI bAju) zrI umAzaMkara jozI, zrI narottamabhAI jhaverI, zrI hitendrabhAI desAI, zrI vikrama sArAbhAI, | zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI, zrI amRtalAla haragovanadAsa, (pAchaLa) zrI ravizaMkara mahArAja vagere

Page #206
Scanned by CamScanner zrI kasturabhAI lAlabhAInA paMcoterame varSe amRta mahotsava ujavAyo te prasaMge tyAranA rAjayapAla zrImannArAyaNa, zrImatI madAlasAbahena tathA zrI bI. ema. biralA vagere sAthe; jyAre pAlItANA dharmakSetranI pratikRti zrI kastUrabhAIne arpaNa thayelI.

Page #207
uttamanA abhilASI 171 23 ka nathI. IlAyacI pAMcaso grAma kharIdI hoya to tenA dANA gaNI kADhe ane dararoja keTalA dANA vaparAya che te pUchIne amuka divasa sudhI te cAlavI joIe evo hisAba kADhe. potAnAM kapaDAMnI vyavasthita gaNatarI rAkhe. koTa. khamIsa, dhotiyuM, TopIema dareka kapaDAne naMbara Ape ane darekanI vaparAzanI TA bAMdhe. koTano kaoNlara phATI gayo hoya ne zreNikabhAI kahe che: "pappA. have A koTa kADhI nAkho." to javAba maLe ke "31mI Disembara sudhI calAvavAno che.29 gharanA vahIvaTamAM paNa sakriya rasa le. gharaupayoganI kharIdIne vaparAzano ane barAbara khyAla hoya. tethI kharca para paNa temanI satata najara rahe. ghera vIseka 'Dhora rAkhelAM che. gAyabheMsane mATe keTalo cAro joIze ne kyAMthI sAro ne sasto cAro maLaze tenI nAnI nAnI vigato paNa teo ja sUcave.30 hisAbamAM atizaya jhINavaTa ane cokasAI rAkhe. eka vAra bI. ke. majumadAra sAthe laMDana gayelA. hoTelamAM banne alaga alaga rUmamAM rahe. eka rAtre turabhAIe bI. ke.nA rUma para TakorA mAryA. bI. ke.e bAraNuM kholyuM. zeThane joIne dhrAsako paDyo: tabiyata bagaDI ke zuM? tyAM to zeThe kahyuM : "majumadAra, eka muzkelI UbhI thaI che." "zuM thayuM?" "Ajano hisAba maLato nathI." "keTalI bhUla Ave che? "cha pensanI. kyAM vAparyA teno khyAla Avato nathI." "kaMI vAMdho nahIM. e moTI vAta nathI." "e cAle nahIM." "to zuM karIzuM?" "tame cha pensa mane ApI do to hisAba maLI rahe. pachI yAda Avaze to ejasTa karI laIzuM." majumadAre hasIne cha pensa ApyA. hisAba maLI rahyo te pachI ja kastUrabhAIne UMgha AvI.31 eka paNa paiso hisAbamAM lakhAyA vinA na rahevA pAme evI jUnA Scanned by CamScanner

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paraMparA ane pragati vakhatanI vaNikaprakRti temanAmAM jovA maLe che. bIjAnA paisA sAcavavAnI cIvaTa paNa eTalI ja. zaeNraholDaronAM nANAM pote TrasTI tarIke sAcave. udyoga mATe oNra kADhIne mUDI UbhI kare paNa tenI pAIe pAI pAchI ApavAnI cokhkhI dAnata. DiviDanDa jAhera karavAmAM paNa eka varSe ApyuM hoya tenAthI bauje varSe ochuM DiviDanDa ApIe to AbarU ghaTe evI temanI mAnyatA. tethI dara varSe DiviDanDa vadhatuM jAya e rIte ja goThave. je varSe DiviDanDa na apAyuM hoya ke mile khoTa karI hoya te varSe pote kamizana ke mahenatANuM na le evI amadAvAdanA milamAlikomAM prathA UbhI karavAmAM kastUrabhAIno phALo noMdhapAtra che. 192 jiMdagIbhara niSThApUrvaka sevA ApanAra mANasone nivRttimAM zAMtithI gujAro thaI zake evuM nivRttivetana ApavAnI jogavAI temaNe temanA udyogasaMkulamAM karelI che. azoka mila, araviMda mila ane atulanAM kArakhAnAM UbhAM karanAra enjiniyara mInocora bAbIkona Aje chyAzI varSanA che. temane atulamAM baMgalo, gADI ane pAMcaso rUpiyA nivRttivetana Ape che. e ja rIte temanA jamaNA hAtha samA bI. ke. majumadArane temano mobho sacavAya te rIte sagavaDo ApelI che. e to ThIka, paNa nAnA kArakunane paNa nivRttimAM ke avasAna pachI kuTuMbanA nirvAhamAM madadarUpa thAya tevo prabaMdha kastUrabhAInA udyogagRhamAM che. karmacArIonAM bALakonA abhyAsanuM kharca paNa milamAMthI maLe tevI vyavasthA che. karmacArIone lagna, maraNa ne mAMdagI jevA prasaMgoe zeTha taraphathI Arthika madada maLe eTaluM ja nahIM, sAre-mAThe prasaMge zeThanI hAjarI paNa hoya. pagAranI bAbatamAM zarUAtamAM cIkAza batAvanAra zeTha potAnA mANasone bIjI sagavaDo ApIne temanI sAthe AtmIya saMbaMdha bAMdhI de che. kastUrabhAInI A udAratAe hAtha nIcenA mANasono prema jItI Apyo hato. milano nAnAmAM nAno mANasa temane sIdho maLI zake. temanI oNphisanAM bAraNAM hamezAM ughADAM hoya. eka vAra milanA jaoNbare chaeka majUrone kAmadAra yuniyanamAM joDAvA badala baratarapha karyA. chae mANaso kastUrabhAI pAse dhA nAkhatA AvyA. kastUrabhAIe jaoNbarane bolAvIne temane pAchA levAnuM kahyuM. koI muzkelI UbhI thAya to pacAsa ke so mANaso sAthe vyaktigata patAvaTa karavAnuM phAve nahIM; paNa yuniyana sAthe te bAbata carcA karavI vadhu saraLa ne hitakara thaI Scanned by CamScanner

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uttamanA abhilASI 173 - paDe eTale majUro yuniyanamAM joDAya te IcchavAjoga che ema temanuM kahevuM hatuM.32 dhananA jeTalo ja samayane teo kImatI gaNatA. niyamitatA temanA dainika kamamAM vaNAI gayelI. savAramAM samayasara milanI oNphise pahoMce ne bArane Takore acUka ghera javA nIkaLe. game tevuM mahattvanuM kAma hoya paNa te nizcita samayamaryAdAmAM pUruM karavAno Agraha rAkhe. temanI samayapAlananI TevathI mulAkAtIo TevAI gayA hovAthI te pramANe ja temane maLavAnuM ke carcA karavAnuM goThavAya. poNAbAre koIne maLavAno samaya Ape nahIM. paroDhiye pAMca vAgye UThavAno niyama acUka paLAya. bapore ekthI benI vacce ArAma le. kadAca lAMbuM jhokuM AvI jAya to nokarane sUcanA ApI rAkhelI hoya ke aDhI vAgyA sudhI pote UThyA na hoya to bAraNe TakorA mAre. cAra vAgye miTiMga hoya to barAbara cArane Takore sabhAkhaMDamAM stUrabhAIno praveza hoya. koIne ghaDiyALano samaya meLavavo hoya to kastUrabhAInA Agamana parathI meLavI zake eTalI temanI samayapAlananI coksAI hatI.33 kahevata che ke homarane paNa koI vAra jhokuM AvI jAya ne bhUla karI bese. kastUrabhAInI coksAI kahevatarUpa banI gaI hatI. paNa eka vAra emanIya gaMbhIra smRticUka thaI gayelI. saradAra vallabhabhAI sAthe temane gADha maitrIsaMbaMdha hato te agAu kahevAI gayuM che. eka vAra saradArane ghera jamavA notaryA. saradAra nakkI karela samaye temane tyAM pahoMcyA. kastUrabhAI to jamI paravArIne nirAMte beThelA. saradAra sAthe klAkeka vAto karI. paNa jamavAnI taiyArInI koI hilacAla saradArane dekhAI nahIM tema kastUrabhAIe tenI vAta paNa uccArI nahIM, eTale saradAra to vAta pUrI thatAM ghera gayA. bIje divase kastUrabhAI maLyA tyAre saradAre temanI lAkSaNika Dhabe majAkamAM kahyuM: "tame vANiyA kharA cho! bIjAne jamavA notarIne bhUkhyA rAkho!" kastUrabhAIne tyAre ja yAda AvyuM ke saradAraneM jamavAnuM notaruM ApeluM. temaNe tarata mAphI mAgI. saradAranA khaDakhaDATa hAsyamAM kastUrabhAInA zabdo bI gayA. zabdanI karakasara te emanI bIjI nedhapAtra khAsiyata. teo bahu ja ochAbolA hatA. sAme cAlIne koInI sAthe vAta karavAnI Teva nahIM. koI pUche teno javAba paNa banI zake teTalA ochA zabdomAM Ape. koI sabhAnuM pramukha Scanned by CamScanner

Page #210
174 paraMparA ane pragati sthAna lIdhuM hoya to bIjA bole te zAMtithI sAMbhaLyA kare. paNa jo koI viSayAMtara karIne carcAne bIje pATe caDAvavAno prayatna kare to tarata tene roke, TapArene muddAsara vaktavyano Agraha rAkhe. carcAne aMte TUMkamAM samApana kare. game teTalo mahattvano prazna hoya, paNa koI pUche nahIM tyAM sudhI kastUrabhAI javAba Ape nahIM. carcA cAlatI hoya temAM paNa carcA karanAra sAmethI karabhAIno abhiprAya pUche to ja bole. eka vAra amadAvAdamAM amerikAnA elacI AvelA. nAgarikonI sabhAne te saMbodhavAnA hatA. rAjyapAla adhyakSa hatA. hajAreka mANaso ekatra thayelA. rAjadUtanuM bhASaNa pUruM thayuM. pachI adhyakSa sabhAmAMthI koIne prazno pUchavA hoya to pUche ema jAhera karyuM. koI prazna pUchavA UbhuM thayuM nahIM. rAjyapAle kastUrabhAIne kahyuM: "kastUrabhAI, tame kema savAla pUchatA nathI? eTale temaNe UbhA thaIne pUchayuM: "A deza svataMtra thayo te pachI dasa-bAra varSa sudhI amerikA ke duniyAno koI deza bhAratamAM mUDIrokANa karIne judA judA udyogomAM bhAgIdArI karavA AgaLa na Avyo ne chellAM pAMceka varSathI ja Ave che tenuM zuM kAraNa?" vaktAne udyogano anubhava ke khyAla nahoto eTale javAba ApI zakyA nahIM. chevaTe kastUrabhAIe ja kahyuM: - "amerikA, phrAnsa, jarmanI, holenDa, iTAlI vagere dezone raphate raphate samajAyuM haze ke A dezane sthira sarakAra che ne moTI vastI che eTale ApaNA udyogane AgaLa vadhavAnI sArI taka che.34 ochuM bolavAnI Tevane lIdhe temanA svabhAvamAM ataDApaNuM AvyuM hatuM. aMgata maitrI kahI zakAya tevo saMbaMdha teo bhAgye ja koInI sAthe meLavI zakyA haze. kuTuMbanA sau sabhyo sAMje sAthe besIne jame, jamyA pachI mitro sAthe be kalAka brija ramavAno kastUrabhAIno kAryakrama hoya. bALako sAthe AnaMdagammata paNa cAle. paraMtu jenI samakSa hRdaya kholIne vAta karI zakAya tevI vyaktinI khoTa temane koI vAra sAlI hovI joIe. vAcana-manananI Tevane kAraNe eka paNa miniTa navarA besavAnuM bhAgye ja bane che ema teo kahetA. chatAM svabhAvanI maryAdA Scanned by CamScanner

Page #211
uttamanA abhilASI 175 ane atyaMta pravRttizIla jIvanane kAraNe agAu nahIM lAgI hoya tevI eklatAno anubhava nivRttimAM temane koI vAra thayo to haze ja. kadaMbavatsalatAno lAlabhAIno guNa kastUrabhAImAM paNa Utaryo hato. sAdArI vakhate kAkAoe eka lAkha rUpiyAnI madada mAgelI te temaNe ApelI nahIM. paraMtu pachIthI baMne kAkAone dara mahine hajAra hajAra rUpiyA ApavAnuM svIkAryuM hatuM. 1923thI 1936 sudhI dara varSe dareka kAkAne bAra hajAra rUpiyA temaNe nibhAvakharca tarIke ApyA hatA. temanAM saMtAno mATe navI kaMpanI zarU karIne temane pagabhara karyA che. e ja rIte traNe bahenonAM kuTuMbane paNa judA jadA udyogomAM bhAgIdArI ApI che. Aje lAlabhAI grUpanA saMkulano vahIvaTa alaga alaga ekamarUpe cAlato hovA chatAM lAlabhAI parivAranA cauda nabIrAo nItinA prazno sAthe besIne carce che ne samAna dhoraNe ghaNuM kharuM badhAM ekamono vahIvaTa calAve che. ATalA moTA parivAramAM sumeLa ane saMvAditA jaLavAI zakI che tenA pAyAmAM kastUrabhAInI udAra ane vatsala nIti che. nivRtta thayA pachI rUnI kharIdI sivAya milanA koI kAmamAM teo sakriya rasa letA nahIM. paraMtu koI aTapaTo prazna Ubho thayo hoya ne siddhArthabhAI, koNikabhAI ne araviMdabhAI klAko sudhI vicAravimarza karyA pachI kastUrabhAI pAse salAha mATe jAya to temane mUMjhavatA praznane ukela be ja miniTamAM maLI jato. temanI buddhi tvarita vicAra karIne eTalI ja tvarita gatie nirNaya laI zakatI te kastUrabhAInI eka moTI viziSTatA hatI. sAmyavAda nahIM to sAmyavAdI sparzavALI rAjanIti A dezamAM Avaze evuM kastUrabhAIne ghaNuM vaheluM samajAyuM hatuM. te saMjogomAM dRDha manobaLa ne gauravathI jIvI zake evI tAlIma potAnA baMne putrone ApavAnI vetaraNa temaNe karI hatI. baMne putro vyavasAyane upayogI thAya tevI alaga alaga zAkhAonuM zikSaNa meLave evI temanI icchA hatI. e pramANe siddhArthabhAIe TekanolaoNjI ane zreNikabhAIe bijhanesa eminisTrezananA viSayamAM amerikAmAM zikSaNa lIdhuM hatuM. baMne putrone mAtApitA mATe apAra prema ane mAna. "narukAkA'ne ramatagamatano ghaNo zokha. eTale parivAranA kizoromAM narubhAI bahu priya thaI paDelA. lAlabhAInI mAphaka kasturabhAI zistanA AgrahI hovAthI saunA para Scanned by CamScanner

Page #212
176 paraMparA ane pragati temano kaDapa raheto. putro suzIla, vinayI, prAmANika ane buddhizALI nIvaDyA teno kastUrabhAIne moTo saMtoSa hato. 1918mAM gAMdhIjIe majUra laData aMge upavAsa karyA te prasaMgathI kastUrabhAIne aMbAlAla sArAbhAInA saMparkamAM AvavAnuM thayeluM. te pachI baMne vacceno saMbaMdha uttarottara gADha thato gayo hato. kastUrabhAInI buddhizakti, sUjha, samajAvaTa ane dhaMdhAnI kuzaLatAe aMbAlAlane temanA tarapha AkarSA haze. milamAlika maMDaLanAM kAma aMge baMnene vAraMvAra maLavAnuM ane udyoganA praznomAM paraspara vicAravinimaya karavAnuM banatuM. baMnenI milo uttama kakSAnuM utpAdana karatI hatI. agraNI udyogapati tarIke baMnene dezabharamAM khyAti maLelI hatI. vaLI bane zAhIbAgamAM paDozI. aMbAlAla kastUrabhAInA karatAM cAra varSe moTA. eTale kastUrabhAI temane murabbI gaNe. dararoja savAre kastUrabhAI taiyAra thaIne milamAM javA nIkaLe tyAre aMbAlAlane tyAM DokiyuM karIne jAya. dhaMdhAnI nAnImoTI bAbatomAM aMbAlAla ane kastUrabhAI lagabhaga dararoja vicAravimarza kare. baMne vacce ThIka ThIka nikaTano gaNAya tevo maitrIsaMbaMdha hato. baMne vacce dekhAI Ave evI bhinnatA paNa hatI. kastUrabhAI ekaMdare jJAti, dharma ke saMpradAyane mAna ApIne cAle. aMbAlAla e badhAMno vidroha kare. . jJAtinA rivAjo temane gUMgaLAvanArA lAgatA. jaina maMdiramAM harijanapravezanA prazna vakhate kastUrabhAInuM valaNa madhyamamArgI banyuM hatuM. aMbAlAla khullaMkhullA harijana-uddhAranA AgrahI hatA. te bAbata gAMdhIjIne temaNe aNIne vakhate madada karelI ane harijanavAsamAM temanI sAthe bhojana paNa lIdheluM. kastUrabhAI maryAdita pramANamAM janatAne apanAve. aMbAlAla AdhunikatAnA custa himAyatI. e jamAnAmAM patnIne nAma daIne bolAvavAno rivAja nahIM, tyAre aMbAlAlane tyAM 'Diyara'ne 'DAliMga" saMbodhano thatAM temanI jIvanapaddhati para UMDA pAzcAtya saMskAra hatA. bALakonA uchera mATe aMgreja narsa rAkhavAmAM AvatI. Aje pracalita "pappA, mammI' saMbodhanano AraMbha gujarAtamAM aMbAlAlanA gherathI thayo ema kahevAya che.37 kastUrabhAI vyaktinA karatAM samAjanuM mahattva vadhu AMke aMbAlAla vyaktivAdI hatA. vyakti svAtaMtrya, vyaktigaurava ane vyaktivikAsanA te puraskartA hatA. kastUrabhAInAM bALakonAM saMskAra, vartAvane rItabhAta ekaMdare Scanned by CamScanner

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uttamanA abhilASI 177 bhAratIya paraMparA pramANe ghaDAyelAM. aMbAlAlanAM bALako pAzcAtya raMge raMgAyelAM. dareka potAnI icchA mujaba anokhI rIte cAle. starabhAI sArvajanika kAmone kartavyarUpe apanAve. aMbAlAlanuM evAM pramomAM pratyakSa paDavAnuM khAsa valaNa nahIM. kastUrabhAI lAnI sAthe tIrthanA uddhAra mATe hRdaya reDIne kAma karatA. aMbAlAla klAnA premI kharA, paNa dharmanAM bAhya vidhividhAnomAM mAne nahIM. kasturabhAI AhAravihAramAM maryAdA rAkhanArA. aMbAlAla maryAdAmAM khAsa mAne nahIM. teo ramatagamata, ghoDesavArI, bAgabagIcA, khAnapAna ne AnaMdapramodanA zokhIna hatA. kastUrabhAI sAdAInA AgrahI. samAjanI vacce rahIne sahakAra ne samajAvaTathI kAma levAnuM temane phAve. aMbAlAla samAjathI alaga rahIne kevaLa buddhipUta bhUmikA para vyavahAra karatA. vyavahArakuzaLa kastUrabhAInA pramANamAM aMbAlAla ataDA svabhAvanA lAge. baMne mitro rASTrapremI. baMnee rASTrahitanAM kAmomAM madada karI che. baMnene temanA jamAnAnA rASTrIya netAo sAthe gADha saMbaMdha hato. sArAbhAI kuTuMbanA amuka sabhyono rASTrIya laDatamAM pratyakSa phALo rahelo che. kastUrabhAI koInI sAthe amuka maryAdAthI vizeSa snehasaMbaMdha bAMdhI zakela nahIM, tyAre sArAbhAI kuTuMba sAthe gAMdhIjIthI mAMDIne aneka netAono nikaTa saMbaMdha baMdhAI gayo hato. jAhera kAmomAM matabheda hovA chatAM vyaktigata saMbaMdho khilavavAnI ne TakAvI rAkhavAnI kuneha sArAbhAI kuTuMbanI khAsiyata banI gaI che. bIjI tarapha kastUrabhAI sAme cAlIne bhAgye ja koIne maLavA jatA. AthI gAMdhIjIne paNa 1947nI AkharamAM kastUrabhAI maLyA tyAre Takora karavI paDelI ke tame AjakAla bahu moMghA thaI gayA cho te maLatA ja nathI! udyoganA saMcAlanamAM paNa baMnenI paddhati paraspara bhinna dekhAya che. kastUrabhAI menejiMga ejansInA custa samarthaka. aMbAlAlanuM valaNa prophezanala menejamenTanI paddhati tarapha vizeSa DhaLeluM. udyoganI vRddhi ane pragati mATe Adhunika yaMtrasAmagrI ane paddhatino baMnee utsAhabhera upayoga karelo che. paNa kastUrabhAI jUnI paraMparAnI sAthe navI paddhatino samanvaya karatA, tyAre aMbAlAla kevaLa AdhunikatAne avalaMbIne cAlatA. kastUrabhAI rAkha-rakhApatamAM mAnanArA eTale eka vAra nImelA mANasane banatAM sudhI chevaTa lagI nabhAve. aMbAlAla Scanned by CamScanner

Page #214
178 paraMparA ane pragati na pasaMda paDe tene eka miniTa paNa Ubho na rahevA de. baMne uttamanA abhilASI. paNa kastUrabhAI sthAnika niSNAta maLe tenAthI saMtoSa mAne, tyAre aMbAlAla game tyAMthI koSTha niSNAta zodhI lAve. kastUrabhAInA karatAM aMbAlAla udyogamAMthI vahelA nivRtta thayelA. gautamane ceramenapade mUkyA pachI pUrepUruM sukAna gautamanA hAthamAM soMpI dIdheluM. kastUrabhAI moDe sudhI ceramenapade rahIne nivRtta thayA pachI paNa putrone salAha ane mArgadarzana ApatA rahelA. 'kastUrabhAI karakasaranA himAyatI, tyAre aMbAlAlano hAtha ghaNo chUTo. kastUrabhAIne mukAbale aMbAlAlano vaibhava ghaNo moTo. nAnakaDA rajavADAnI mAphaka temanI milakatano vahIvaTa cAle. pramANamAM ochI saMpatti dharAvatA kastUrabhAInAM dAna aMbAlAlanI tulanAe ghaNAM vipula. kastUrabhAImAM sAmAjika javAbadArInuM bhAna savizeSa dhyAna kheMce tevuM; tethI amadAvAdanA vikAsamAM temano phALo, AgaLa joyuM tema, smaraNIya banyo che. pote eka umadA khAnadAnanA pratinidhi che evuM bhAna kastUrabhAImAM satata rahevuM ane tethI paraMparAprApta pratiSThAno khyAla bhUlI zakevA nahIM. aMbAlAla sudhAraka mAnasa evA khyAlathI dorAnuM nahIM. eka saMyama ane ziSTatAnA premI, to bIjA muktatA ane prayogazIlatAnA upAsaka. eka rIte kahIe to amadAvAdanI saMskRtinA be cheDA A be mitroe sAcavyA hatA. kastUrabhAInI niSphaLatA ane nabaLAIono paNa nirdeza karavo joIe. temaNe gujarAta TrAnsaporTa kaMpanI sthApelI te niSphaLa jatAM phaDacAmAM laI javI paDI hatI. pote inDiyana insTiTyUTa opha menejamenTa jevI prophezanala menejamenTanI saMsthAnAM sthApanA ne saMcAlanamAM sakriya rasa letA hovA chatAM tenA siddhAMtano potAnA udyogasaMkulamAM amala karyo nathI. kuTuMba dvArA ja udyoganuM saMcAlana goThavavAnuM sthiticusta valaNa anyathA pragatizIla paddhatinA puraskartA hovA chatAM teo tajI zakelA nahIM. 1970thI menejiMga ejansInI prathA kAyadesara nAbUda thaI tyAre paNa potAnA parivAranA sabhyone ja judAM judAM ekamonA menejiMga DirekTara pade mUkyA hatA. bI. ke. majumadAra jevA samartha sAthIne navo dhAro amalamAM Avyo te pachI chellAM thoDAM varSomAM atulanA eka menejiMga DirekTara tarIke mUkIne teo temanI sevAonI yogya kadara karI zakyA Scanned by CamScanner

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uttamanA abhilASI 179 hota. Ama banavAne badale majumadAra atulanA janarala maeNnejara tarIke ja nivRtta thayA te anyathA udAra ane nyAyapUrNa dekhAtA temanA vartAvanI nabaLI kaDIne chatI kare che. Aje paNa temanA udyogagRhamAM racavAmAM AvatI maeNnejamaeNnTanI vividha samitiomAM prophezanala maeNnejarane sthAna nathI. Adhunikone A badhuM sonAnI thALImAM loDhAnI mekha jevuM lAgavA saMbhava che. tAtA, biralA, maphatalAla ke lAlA zrIrAma jevAM bIjAM udyogagRhonI tulanAe kastUrabhAInuM grUpa pAchaLa kema evo prazna chevaTe thAya. teno eka javAba upara darzAvela paraMparApriya mAnasamAM rahelo che. bIjuM, pote svIkArelI maryAdAmAM rahIne teo dhaMdho karatA. vadhu moTI phALa bharavA mATe vadhu nANAM joIe, te dhAryuM hota to UbhAM karI zakayA hota, paraMtu pacheDI pramANe soDa tANavAnI temanI nIti hatI. dhaMdho bahoLo thAya te pramANe lonanuM vyAja ane DiviDanDa ApavAnuM thAya ane kara vadhu Apavo paDe te gaNatarI paNa kharI. hisAba atizaya cokhkho rAkhavAnI cIvaTa hovAthI paisA karatAM pratiSThAne kastUrabhAIe vizeSa mahattva ApyuM che. milano sAmAna aMgata upayoga mATe na vApare. anulamAM siddhArthabhAI vahIvaTa zIkhavA mATe rahyA te dasa varSa makAnanA bhADAnA mAsika pAMcaso rUpiyA sahita potAno badho ja kharca pote bhogavelo. bIjA udyogapati bhAgye ja evo chocha rAkhe. gujarAtI ane rAjasthAnI vepArInI manovRtti A bAbatamAM taddana bhinna che. rAmezvaradAsa biralA saTTo karatA ane saTTAnI kamANI dharmAdAmAM vAparI daIe chIe, gharamAM rAkhatA nathI, ema kahe. dezanA bhAgalA paDyA tyAre paMjAbamAM biralAnI mila hatI. tene TakAvavA mATe teno maeNnejara musalamAna thaI gayelo. cAra-pAMca varSe bhAratamAM Avyo tyAre biralAe tene kahyuM: "emAM zuM? zuddhi karAvIne tamane hiMdu banAvI daIzuM."ja pote rahetA hoya te baMgalo gharAkanA manamAM vasI gayo hoya ne tenAM nANAM sArAM UpajatAM lAge to mAravADI udyogapati baMgalo vecI devA taiyAra thaI jAya. temAM tene 'bIjA zuM kaheze' ke 'AbarUne baTTo lAgaze' evo vicAra suddhAM Avaze nahIM. gujarAtamAM evuM sAmAnya rIte banatuM nathI. kastUrabhAI paisA paisAno hisAba gaNe kharA, paraMtu AbarUno khyAla temanA manamAM sarvoparI raheto. dezabhaktinI bhAvanAthI prerAIne temaNe rASTrIya laDatane mATe ghaNI moTI rakama ApI hatI. temanA Scanned by CamScanner

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180 paraMparA ane pragati sudI jIvanamAM bhautika lAbhanI sAme naitika mUlyonuM palluM hamezAM namatuM raheluM che. pote svIkArelI maryAdAnI aMdara rahI, kunehabharI samajAvaTathI saune sAthe rAkhIne AgaLa dhapavAnI nIti amadAvAdanI che. kharuM jotAM jUnI mahAjana paddhatinI e khAsiyata che. maskatI mArkeTanemila vacce jhaghaDo thAya to korTamAM javAne badale lavAda dvArA ja nirNaya levAya evI samajUtI cheka 192thI cAlI Ave che. kastUrabhAI A paraMparAnA pratinidhi tarIke varyA che ne bIjAne e pramANe vartavA prerela che. eka jamAnAmAM ema kahevAtuM ke kApaDa-udyoganI nAnImoTI khAMca be ja jaNA jANe che. eka muMbaInI seMcurI milanA nesa vADiyA ne bIjA kastUrabhAI. temanI jhINI ne cakora najaramAMthI nAnI vigata paNa bhAgye ja chaTakI zakatI. smRti eTalI sateja ke dasa varSa pahelAM joyelA copaDAnI badhI vigato kahe. temanI pAse jaThuM bolavAnI bhAgye ja koI hiMmata kare. koI saMsthAnI sabhAmAM jAya to agAuthI kAmakAjanI vigatono abhyAsa karI rAkhe. koI paNa prakArano nirNaya letAM pahelAM vigatomAM UtarIne tenI cakAsaNI karI le, te pachI ja teo hA-nA-no javAba Ape. eka lekhake kahayuM che tema, kasturabhAI vepArI Alamane mATe eka dIvAdAMDI samAna che.41 amadAvAdamAM temanA karatAM adhika saMpattivALA dhaniko haze, gujarAtamAM temanA karatAM vadhu pragatizIla udyogapatio maLI Avaze. bhAratamAM temanA udyogasaMkulano krama ThIka ThIka pAchaLa Avato haze, paraMtu naitika mUlyo jALavIne,lokahitanI ciMtA rAkhanAra rASTrapremI udyogapatiomAM teo agrasthAnanA adhikArI che. TIpa. 1. KD, pp. 14-15. 2. KD, p. 15. 3. KD, pp. 19-20. 4. KD, p. 20. 5. KD, p. 26. 6. KD, p. 34. 7. KD, p. 38. 8. kamu. 9. kamu. 10. KD, p. 53. 11. kamu. 12. zrema. 13.KD II, -1-2. 14. kamu. 15. kamu. 16. kamu. 17. kamu. 18. kamu. 19. kamu. 20. kamu. 21. kamu. 22. kamu. 23. kamu. 24. kamu. 25. kamu. 26. kamu. 27. kamu. 28. kamu. 29. ema. 30. kamu. 31. mamu 32. kamu. 33. kamu. 34. kamu. 35. kamu. 36. adI, pU. 19, 37. adI, pR. 20. 38. adI, 5. 13. 39. adI, Scanned by CamScanner

Page #217
uttamanA abhilASI 181 pR.48. 40. mamu. 41. tenA samarthanamAM juo zrI hasamukha pArekhanA nIcenA zabdo: "ApaNA dezamAM chellAM pacAsathI paNa vadhu varSo daramyAna vepArI AlamamAM vadhu javalanta udAharaNarUpa koI hoya to te zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI kahI zakAya. A pUrve meM pAMca agraNI udyogapationI viziSTatAo vize thoDuMka lakhyuM che. zrI kastUrabhAI paNa e ja koTimAM sthAna pAmI zake evA mahApuruSa che... zuddha vyApArI jagatanA Adarzo jeTalA meM kastUrabhAImAM joyA che teTalA bIjI koI vyaktimAM joyA nathI. mAruM spaSTapaNe evuM mAnavuM che ke vepArakSetranI sarvocca praNAlIo athavA paraMparAo sahuthI vizeSa pramANamAM koIe paNa apanAvI hoya to te zrI kastUrabhAIe apanAvI che. ucca bhAvanAo, nIDaratA, vepArI AlamanI tema ja samAjanI sevA mATenI tatparatA ane te dizAmAM satata prayAso, kALAM bajAra pratye dhRNA, jIvanamAM atyaMta sAdAIno Agraha, nANAMno jarA jeTalo paNa durvyaya na thAya e bAbatanI tIvra sabhAnatA, mUDIvAdamAM mAnavA chatAM mUDIno durvyaya na kare e tarapha lakSma, mUDIvAda ane TrasTIzipa eTale ke vAlIpaNAnI bhAvanA, baMneno samanvaya, A sarva siddhAMto emaNe potAnA sudIrdhA jIvanamAM caritArtha karI batAvyA che. vyApAraudyoga uparAMta jAhera jIvanamAM jAtamahenatathI je kAryasiddhi emaNe meLavI che te kharekhara ajoDa ane apratima che.... vANI, vicAra ane AcAranI bAbatamAM saccAI, sacoTatA, kartavyaparAyaNatA, A badhA mahattAsUcaka guNo emanA vyaktitvamAM evA gUMthAIvaNAI gayA che ke huM emane vepArI Alama mATe vepAranA kSetra pUratI eka dIvAdAMDI tarIke lekhuM chuM. Aje samAjamAM vepArInI pratiSThA ghaTI che. enI vRtti UjaLI lekhAtI nathI. eno vinipAta thayo che. A paristhitimAM vepArI Alama potAnI pratiSThAnI saMsthApanA karavA ane vadhAravA icche tema ja potAnI unnati jhaMkhe to te zrI kastUrabhAI jevuM vyaktitva ane pratibhA dharAvatA aneka puruSo pAke to ja banI zake." (hIvapa, pR. 76-77) Scanned by CamScanner

Page #218
chelluM darzana kastUrabhAI svAdiSTa bhojananA risayA hatA. dezaparadezanI jAtajAtanI vAnagIo taiyAra karAve ne ruci mujaba mita pramANamAM AnaMdathI Aroge. temane madha bahu bhAve. trevIsa jAtanAM madha ekaThAM karelAM. je dezamAM jAya te dezanuM uttama gaNAtuM madha avazya kharIde. mitro ane sagAMsnehIo paNa jANe ke kastUrabhAIne madha priya che, eTale temane uttama jAtanuM madha bheTa mokle. madhamAkhIone mArIne taiyAra kareluM madha temane na khape. mAkhIoe ekatra kareluM, madhapUDAnuM ahiMsaka madha levAno ja jyAM jAya tyAM Agraha rAkhe. dararoja savAre poNA sAta vAgye nAstAmAM khAkharA sAthe madha levAno niyama rAkhelo. ahiMsAnI maryAdAmAM rahI teo vividha dezonI vAnagIo pasaMda karatA. cInano kaoNrna (makAI) sUpa, iTAlInI kenelonI ane sviTjharlaeNnDanI phornI (cIjha) temanI priya vAnagIo hatI. baMgALI mIThAI ane gujarAtanI jalebI emane khAsa pasaMda. thUlAnuM DhokaLuM paNa bhAve. cIjhanA paNa eTalA ja zokhIna. savAranA nAstAmAM khAkharAnI sAthe cIjha-TosTa paNa hoya. baporanA bhojanamAM be phulakAM roTalI, betraNa zAka ane dALabhAta. sAMje be pUrI, zAka ane ekAda pharasANa. chellAM varSomAM sAMje bhAta khAtA nahIM. divasamAM be vAra jamyA pachI pAna khAvAnI Teva. temane mATe kalakattA ane madrAsathI pAna Ave. eka paNa pAna bagaDe nahIM te mATe jAte mAvajata kare. Scanned by CamScanner

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briTananAM rANI elIjhAbethanI gAMdhI Azrama, amadAvAdanI mulAkAta daramyAna zrI kasturabhAI AvakAra Ape che. vacce tyAranA rAjyapAla zrI maheMdI navAjha jaMga juo pR. 183 Scanned by CamScanner

Page #220
upAsavAmadira | au na jaranI che jethI vaMdanA suna sA karane kA unI sthAbale kamalAle gare priyarAna kiye ye jagana kI mAne pAlAmakoM ratI pacana hotI hai aura ekatyAla ra jogavaTara padamaplomA nA roja = jamo gas an at # PE'S UPASANAMANDER THE PLACE CONSECRATCO FOR MORNING AND EVENING PLACES CF 785 INMATES OF THE ASRAM WINCE THE MALLOWES VOICE OF NNY A SORMEN ANDE STAL LINGEHS A SHICH ALOR. KLAND. STIAN SCLE-CIASTKASON. DESERVED THE NAME OF SATYAGGANASHER Scanned by CamScanner briTananAM rANI elIjhAbethane gAMdhI Azrama, amadAvAdamAM upAsanA maMdira batAvatA zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI, sAthe sva. parIkSitalAla majamudAra ane zrI ravizaMkara mahArAja juo pR. 183

Page #221
chelluM darzana phaLomAM temane lAla pezIovALI nAraMgI (mAlTA oNrenja) ane hAphusa kerI bahu bhAve. mitrA temanI rucinA khAdya padArtho mokale, kastUrabhAI tenI noMdha rAkhe ane tene vize potAno abhiprAya paNa acUka lakhe. bhojana-samAraMbha yojAya tyAre temAM paNa mahemAnanI rucinI vAnagI pirasAya tenuM dhyAna rAkhe ane te mATe agAuthI Ayojana kare. 1961mAM briTananA Dyuka oNpha eDinabaro bhAratanI mulAkAte AvelA. e vakhate kastUrabhAI 'aTIrA'nA adhyakSa hatA. aTIrAne upakrame 'maeNnejamenTa kaoNnpharansa' bharavAnI hatI. tenA atithivizeSa tarIke yukane nimaMtraNa mokalyuM hatuM. te prasaMge adhyakSa taraphathI bhojana-samAraMbha yojAyela. so jeTalA AmaMtrito hatA. e badhA ekasAthe bhojana mATe besI zake eTalI jagA nahotI. zAhI atithine 'buphe' ApavAmAM aviveka to nahIM gaNAyane evo prazna temane thayo. temaNe dilhI khAtenA hAI kamizanarane pUchI joyuM. javAba maLyo : "vAMdho nathI. 'buphe' ApI zako cho.'" pachI kastUrabhAI bahAragAma gayA. daramyAnamAM temanA putroe zamiyANo baMdhAvIne bhojananI beThakonI vyavasthA karI dIdhelI, te joIne prasanna thayA. vAnagIo taiyAra karAvavAmAM temaNe aMgata rasa lIdhelo. nirAmiSanI maryAdAmAM rahIne vividha bhAratIya vAnagIonI sAthe aMgrejI paddhatinI vAnagIo taiyAra karavAnI sUcanA ApelI, jethI mahemAna bhUkhyA na rahe ane ruci mujaba saMtoSathI jamI zake. te pramANe vyavasthA thaI ane zAhI mahemAna AnaMdathI jamI zakayA, tethI temane khUba saMtoSa thayelo. bIje varSe rANI elIjhAbetha amadAvAda padhAryAM tyAre kastUrabhAI sAbaramatI Azrama TrasTanA adhyakSa hatA. temaNe Azramane dvAre rANInuM svAgata karyuM hatuM. e prasaMge koI paradezI cIjane badale so TakA bhAratIya cIja hoya evI vastu rANIne bheTa ApavAno kastUrabhAIe Agraha rAkhelo. te mujaba eka atyaMta kImatI 'rIMga zAla' temane bheTa ApI hatI. rANIe te zAla AnaMdathI svIkArI ne AbhAra mAnyo. pachI cAlavA lAgyAM eTale yuke temane pAchAM bolAvIne kahyuM : "gaye varSe huM Avyo tyAre A mArA yajamAna hatA." baMnee nIcAM namIne kastUrabhAInuM abhivAdana karyuM. 3 183 Scanned by CamScanner

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184 paraMparA ane pragati "tame jyotiSamAM khUba zraddhA dharAvo cho ema meM sAMbhaLyuM che. za e sAcuM che? eka vAra eka amerikana atithie temane pUchayuM. hA. huM dara varSe mArI kuMDaLI parathI varSaphaLa wAvuM chuM. eka vAra eka jyotiSIe mArI janmapatrikA vAMcIne kaheluM ke A varSe tame milamAlika maMDaLanA pramukhapadethI rAjInAmuM ApIne chUTA thazo. mane Azcarya thayuM, kema ke huM e vakhate e maMDaLanA pramukhapade hato ja nahIM. paNa pachI banyuM evuM ke amadAvAda milamAlika maMDaLanuM pramukhapada khAlI paDayuM. koI e javAbadArI levA taiyAra na hatuM. te svIkAravA mArA para bhAre dabANa AvyuM, chatAM huM te mATe saMmata thayo nahIM. chevaTe ciThThI nAkhIne huM ane bIjA eka gRhastha e bemAMthI eke thavuM ema sUcavavAmAM AvyuM. ciThThI upADI temAM mAruM nAma AvyuM eTale mAre amadAvAda milamAlika maMDaLanA pramukha thavuM paDyuM. pachI betraNa mahine eka evo prasaMga banyo ke mAre ane kArobArInA sabhyone matabheda thayo. amuka bAbatamAM lavAdIno Azraya levAnuM sabhyonuM sUcana hatuM. mane te mAnya nahotuM, tethI tatkALa meM rAjInAmuM ApeluM. Ama, je vastunI mane kalpanAye nahotI te banI. te vize janmakuMDaLI joIne AgAhI karavAmAM AvI ne te sAcI TharI tenAthI mane Azcarya thayeluM." kastUrabhAIe vigate vAta karatAM kahyuM. pachI jarA thobhIne vAta AgaLa calAvatAM bolyA: "have bIjo enAthI jarA judo dAkhalo ApuM. eka vAra eka jyotiSIe mane kahyuM ke tamAre paradeza javAnuM thaze. tame jAo kharA; paNa cothI okTobarane divase vimAnamAM musApharI na karazo. eTalI takedArI rAkhajo. meM kahyuM: "bahu sAruM.' paNa banyuM evuM ke cothI oNkTobare ja mAre musApharI karavAnI AvI. TikiTa lIdhI. vimAnamAM beTho, vimAna UyuM. pachI ekAeka mane jyotiSIe kahelI vAta yAda AvI. meM musApharI cAlu rAkhI. kazuM aniSTa banyuM nahIM." "te uparathI tame zuM tAravyuM?" "meM e tAravyuM ke jyotiSa para AMdhaLI zraddhA na rAkhavI. huM mAnuM chuM ke mANasanA jIvana upara grahonI asara thAya che. grahonI kaI sthitimAM tamAro janma thayo che e mahattvanuM che. jo e vakhate graho sArA hoya to tamane saphaLatA maLe ne sAruM thAya ema huM mAnuM chuM. pachI ema bane kharuM ke jyotiSIe karelI Scanned by CamScanner

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chelluM darzana 185 AgAhImAMthI keTaluMka sAcuM paDe ne keTaluMka khoTuM paNa paDe. te AgAhI karanAranI niSphaLatA gaNAya, jyotiSanI nahIM. badalAtA grahonI sthiti vize avAranavAra jANatA rahevAmAM mane rasa paDe che. bhAratamAM ghaNA lokone jyotiSamAM zraddhA che." kastUrabhAIe kahyuM.' temanA eka snehI jyotiSa sAruM jANe. dara budhavAre baMne mitro maLe ne nAnImoTI aneka bAbatonI carcA kare. 1979nA DisembaranA eka budhavAre baMne mitro vAte caDelA. temAM narottamabhAInI vAta nIkaLI. pAMceka varSa pahelAM ja temanuM avasAna thayeluM. nAnA bhAInuM smaraNa thatAM ghaDIbhara kastUrabhAI bhUtakALamAM sarI paDyA. nAnapaNamAM je bhAInI sAthe ramatA, laDatA, jhaghaDatA e bhAIe jiMdagIbhara keTalo badho prema reDyo hato! milakatanA vibhAjanano prasaMga puna: najara samakSa khaDo thayo! judA thayA, paNa judAI na rAkhI e narubhAInI moTAIno moTAbhAI Aje vicAra karatA hatA. gharano, kuTuMbano ane udyogano keTalo moTo bhAra narubhAIe vahana karelo tenI anekavidha vigato kastUrabhAInA cittapaTa para UpasI AvatI hatI. temane thayuM, mArI saphaLatAmAM narubhAIno keTalo moTo hisso hato! paDadA pAchaLa rahIne temaNe keTaluM badhuM kAma karyuM hatuM. milanI ane vyavahAranI nAnImoTI gUMco ukelatA rahIne temane jAhera pravRttio mATe sagavaDa karI ApanAra narubhAInuM mUka svArpaNa kastUrabhAInI AMkha bhIMjavI gayuM. zo vicAra karo cho?" pelA mitre lAMbA vakhata sudhI gaMbhIra mauna dhAraNa karI rahelA kastUrabhAIne kahyuM. nabhAIno. chelle chelle khUba rilAyA." A zabdo jIbha para AvyA te gaLI jaIne kastUrabhAI bolyA: "mAruM mRtyu kevI rIte thaze? lAMbI mAMdagI bhogavavAnI Avaze ke ekAeka capaTI vagADatAM battI bujhAI jAya ema thaze? tamAruM jyotiSa zuM kahe che?" "tame ema ekAeka javAnA nathI. mAMdagI lAMbI cAlaze." jyotiSIe gaMbhIra banIne kahyuM. "e ThIka nahIM. koIne taklIpha paDe nahIM ne ekAeka AMkha mIMcAI jAya evuM mota sAruM." temaNe dhIme dhIme gaNagaNatAM kahyuM. Scanned by CamScanner

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1896 paraMparA ane pragati "hamaNAM koI ciMtAnuM kAraNa dekhAtuM nathI. tamArI tabiyata sArI che ne ?" mitre kahyuM. "prabhunI kRpA che." hAtha UMco karIne kastUrabhAI bolyA.5 tAjetaramAM gujarAta rAjya sthApita ' audyogika mUDIrokANa nigama (jI.AI.AI.sI.)nA sahakAramAM lAlabhAI grUpe gujarAta eNromeTiksa nAmanI kaMpanI UbhI karelI. temAM lAlabhAI grUpanA pratinidhi tarIke zreNikabhAI hatA. e kaMpanIno plAnTa aMklezvara najIka nAkhelo che. te plAnTa jovAnI kastUrabhAInI IcchA hatI. daramyAna bharUcamAM jUnuM derAsara badalIne navuM derAsara bAMdhavAnuM hatuM te aMge salAha levA sAru tyAMnA jaina maMDaLe temane bharUca AvavA vinaMtI karI hatI. tene dhyAnamAM rAkhIne bharUca-aMkalezvara-atula-muMbaIno pravAsa goThavyo. tArIkha chaThThI jAnyuArI, 1980nA roja savAre gujarAta eksapresamAM kastUrabhAI ane zreNikabhAI bharUca javA nIkaLyA. dasa vAgye bharUca pahoMcyA. derAsara joyuM ane navA derAsaranAM bAMdhakAma tathA zilpa vagere aMge zrIsaMghane jarUrI sUcanA ApI. tyAMthI sabhAsthAne gayA. tyAM sIDI caDavAnI hatI. zrAmapUrvaka caDyA. bhASaNa karyuM. tyAMthI nIkaLyA tyAre thAkI gayelA lAgatA hatA. jamyA. pachI aMkalezvaranA atithigRhamAM ArAma karyo. kalAkeka nidrA lIdhA pachI tAjagI AvI. gujarAta eNromeTiksanA AkhA vistAramAM moTaramAM pharyA. moTaramAMthI UtarIne plAnTa joyo. temanI A mulAkAtanA smaraNamAM zreNikabhAIe temane haste jhADanA be choDa ropAvyA. "zreNika, khUba ja sarasa plAnTa che. mane gamyo." nAriyeLanuM pANI pItAM pItAM kastUrabhAIe kahyuM. "pappA, tamane plAnTa gamyo tethI mane khUba AnaMda thayo." pitAnI zAbAzIbharI zubhecchAthI putrane keTalo porasa caDato hato ! kastUrabhAIne levA mATe atulathI moTara AvI hatI. temAM te atula gayA ne zreNikabhAI vaLatI TrenamAM amadAvAda pAchA AvyA. bIje divase baporanI TrenamAM atulathI muMbaI pahoMcyA. muMbaInuM makAna Scanned by CamScanner

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chelluM darzana 187 UMcI plIntha upara che. eTale pagathiyAM caDatAM hAMphI gayA. tarata khurazImAM besI gayA. udharasa AvatI hatI. putravadhU vimaLAbahenane ciMtA thaI. DaoNkTarane bolAvavA taiyAra thayAM paNa kastUrabhAIe ghasIne nA pADI. "mane khAsa kazI takalIpha nathI. sAruM che."--ema bolyA. budhavAre savAre zreNikabhAI muMbaI AvyA. temane vimaLAbahene phariyAda karI: "pappA mAnatA nathI paNa temane ThIka nathI, DaoNkTarane bolAvavA ja joIe." vimaLAbahena pote epha.Ara.sI.esa.nI DigrI dharAvatAM DaoNkTara che. muMbaInA hRdayaroganA niSNAta suprasiddha DaoN. vI. vI. zAhanI mulAkAta nakkI karI. te pahelAM savAre kastUrabhAIe sADA dasa, savA agiyAra ane bAra vAgye traNa kaMpanIonI sabhAmAM hAjarI ApI. e temanI chellI kAmagIrI. ghera gayA. jamIne sUtA. bapora pachI DaoN. vI. vI. zAhe tapAsyA. lohInuM dabANa ghaNuM UMcuM hatuM ane nADI aniyamita cAlatI hatI. DaoNkTare paMdara divasa pathArImAM sUI rahevAnI salAha ApI. "mane eka vAra amadAvAda bhego karo. pachI tyAM ArAma laIza." kastUrabhAIe kahyuM. temanI nAjuka tabiyata joIne DaoNkTare pravAsanuM jokhama nahIM levAnI salAha ApI. kuTuMbIoe paNa temane samajAvavAno prayatna karyo paNa temaNe to amadAvAda javAnI raDha lIdhI hatI. "tame mane ahIM rAkhazo, paNa mArA manane zAMti nahIM hoya to tabiyata zI rIte sudharavAnI che? tamane kahuM ? amadAvAda jaIza eTale tabiyata ApoApa sArI thaI jaze." kastUrabhAI kahetA hatA. amadAvAda sAthe temaNe evuM aMdvaita sAdhyuM hatuM ke chellA divaso amadAvAdamAM gALavAnI temane tIvra icchA hatI. temanI becenI joIne DaoNkTare chevaTe amadAvAda javAnI saMmati ApI. tethI vedanAmAM paNa temanA mukha para AnaMda dekhAto hato. gherathI sTezane eNmbyulansa gADImAM laI gayA. sAthe DaoNkTara rAkhavAnuM sUcana paNa temaNe nakAryuM hatuM. vaDIlanI mAMdagInA samAcArathI AkhuM kuTuMba becena thaI gayuM hatuM. traNe Scanned by CamScanner

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188 paraMparA ane pragati bhAIono Akho parivAra amadAvAda sTezane Avyo hato. vahIla caeNramAM besADIne temane moTara sudhI laI gayA. savAre nava vAgye DaoN. sumanta zAha AvyA. Do. zAha temanA rahI, mitra ane aMgata tabIba hatA. temaNe kArDiyogrAma lIdho, eNkasa-re mAM joyuM. jhINavaTathI AkhuM zarIra tapAsyuM ane kahyuM: "be varSathI hadaya pahoLuM thaI gayuM che te DaoN. vI. vI. zAha jANatA nahotA eTale temaNe halanacalananI manA karelI. paNa blaDa prezara vadhAre che ne nADI aniyamita cAle che eTale sUI rahevuM paDaze." - bIje divase kastUrabhAI akaLAIne kahe: "DokaTara kahe che ke vAMcavAnuM nahIM, pattAM ramavAnAM nahIM, to pachI mANasa kare zuM? maeNDa karI de evuM kAma che." DokaTare vAMcavAnI rajA ApI eTale kahe: "I am absolutely normal." (huM taddana sAjo chuM.) betraNa divasa sArA gayA. tabiyatamAM sudhAro dekhAyo. lohInuM dabANa 200/110 hatuM te have 160/95 thayuM. temanuM sAmAnya dabANa 1452 rahetuM hatuM. siddhArthabhAIne khabara paDatAM temaNe phonathI AvavAnI icchA darzAvI. tArIkha caudamIe temano putra sunila amerikA javAno hato eTale tene mUkavA muMbaI javAnuM hatuM. kastUrabhAIe kahevaDAvyuM ke mArI tabiyata sArI che, doDI AvavAnI jarUra nathI. aDhAramI tArIkhe savAre AI.AI.ema.mAM miTiMga hatI eTale sattaramIe sAMje siddhArthabhAI amadAvAda AvyA. aDhAramI tArIkhe savAre baMne bhAIo AI.AI.ema.mAM gayelA. sabhA cAlatI hatI tyAM gherathI phona Avyo. pannAbahene phona para kahyuM: "pappAnI spIca baMdha thaI gaI che." baMne bhAIo ghera pahoMcyA. DokTara hAjara hatA. pachI sAMbhaLavAnuM paNa baMdha thaI gayuM. kastUrabhAIe DokaTarane lakhIne pUchayuM: "kema AvuM thAya che?" lohIno nAno gaThTho (clot) thayo che te zarIramAM phare che. lohI pAtaLuM karavAnI jarUra che." DokTare javAbamAM lakhyuM. lohI traNacAra vakhata lIdhuM. davA, injana vagere upacAra cAlu hatA. thAka vadhato jato hato. UMghavAnI icchA thatI hatI. zAMtithI UMDayA. Scanned by CamScanner

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che darzana 189 pachI ThIka lAgatAM TapAla maMgAvI. Avela kAgaLono nikAla karavAnI cIvaTa eTalI badhI rAkhatA ke eka paNa patra uttara ApyA vagarano raheto nahIM. te divase paNa temaNe patronA javAba aMge sUcanA ApI. DaoNkaTarane paNa AzA baMdhAI. ogaNIsamIe savAre jIbha ane kAna kAma karatAM thayelAM. paNa koInI sAthe bolavAnuM gamatuM nahotuM. UMghamAM paDyA rahyA. siddhArthabhAInI be putrIone bolAvI lIdhI hatI. Akho parivAra dAdAjInI AsapAsa ekatra thayo hato. dilahIthI ghanazyAmadAsa biralA tathA brajamohana biralAnI khabara pUchato phona Avyo. zreNikabhAIe javAba Apyo: "tabiyata sudharI rahI che. ciMtA karavA jevuM nathI." brajamohana biralAe kahyuM: "huM sAMje pharIthI phona karIza." - sAMje utsAha dekhAto hato. sAta vAgye potAnI priya vAnagI esperegasa TosTa jamyA. pachI saune kahyuM: "jamI lo." lagabhaga sADA sAte siddhArthabhAI, zreNikabhAI ane parivAranA sabhyo jamavA beThA. kastUrabhAInI pAse nokara ane narsa hatAM. poNA ATha vAgye nokare bhojanakhaMDamAM doDatA AvIne kahyuM: "pappA bebhAna thaI gayA che, jaladI cAlo." vimaLAbahena doDatA gayAM. nADI joI to maMda paDI gaI hatI. ravivAra hato. DokTarane mATe mANasone doDAvyA, phona karyA. vimaLAbahene oNkisajana ApavA mAMDyo, page ne chAtIe masAja karavA mAMDyuM. havA paMpa karavA mAMDI. paNa badhuM vyartha. "Aha ema dhImo avAja thayo ne prANa nIkaLI gayA. DokTara AvyA, paNa avasAnanI jAherAtathI vizeSa karavApaNuM rahyuM nahotuM. barAbara savAATha vAgye biralAjIno phona raNakyo. pUchayuM: "kastUrabhAIjIkI tabiyata kaisI hai?" javAbamAM avasAnanA samAcAra maLatAM temane Azcarya sAthe AghAta thayo. zaheramAM vIjaLIvege zokasamAcAra phelAI gayA. svajano, snehIo, sahakAryakartAo, patrakAro, agraNI vepArIo, udyogapatio, adhikArIo, sAmAjika kAryakaro ne rAjakIya netAo kastUrabhAIne nivAsasthAne UbharAvA lAgyA. Scanned by CamScanner

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150 paraMparA ane pragati kuTuMba zomAM DUbI gayuM hatuM. pitRbhakta putro pitAnI icchA mujaba aMtima yAtrA goThavavAno vicAra karatA hatA. siddhArthabhAI, zreNikabhAI, araviMdabhAI vagere AptamaMDaLa ekatra thayuM. eka vAra kastUrabhAI ne zreNikabhAI sAthe milamAM jatA hatA tyAM koIkanI smazAnayAtrA najare paDatAM kastUrabhAIe kaheluM: "mArA avasAna vakhate koI kImatI zAla-duzAlA oDhADazo nahIM. araviMdanI sapheda cAdara basa thaze." pachI. jarA aTakIne bolelA : "ane jo, zreNika, bIjuM e ke mArA zarIra upara phUla mUkazo nahIM. phUla to devane caDe." tyAre zreNikabhAIe kaheluM ke: "pappA, tame zAlanuM kahyuM te samajI zakAya tema che ane te amArA hAthanI vAta che. paNa aneka mANaso bhAvabharI aMjila arpavA phUla laIne Ave temane kema rokavA?" A sAMbhaLIne kastUrabhAI mauna rahelA.7 zreNikabhAIne A prasaMga yAda Avyo. pitAnI icchA mujaba temane sapheda cAdara oDhADI. puSponI aMjali rokavAnuM temane mATe zakaya nahotuM. kastUrabhAIno bhavya ne paDachaMda deha maghamaghatAM gulAbathI DhaMkAI gayo hato. AnAthI vadhAre moTo prazna haju ukelavAno bAkI hato. kastUrabhAI mAnatA ke mANasa mRtyu pAme tene lIdhe dezanuM utpAdana aTakavuM na joIe. kharI aMjali to tenI bhAvanA mujabanuM kAma karIne ApavI joIe. temaNe spaSTa sUcanA ApelI ke mArA avasAnanA zokamAM eke mila baMdha rahevI na joIe. lAlabhAI grUpanI nave milonA maeNnejarone zeThanI A icchA pramANe somavAre milo cAlu rAkhavAnI sUcanA apAI. maeNnejaroe kahyuM: "ame kArIgarone zeThanI A IcchAnI vAta karIzuM; paNa mAnaze nahIM." bIje divase jyAre majUrone ema kahevAmAM AvyuM ke zeThanI icchA dezanA utpAdanane nukasAna na pahoMce eTalA mATe milo cAlu rAkhavAnI hatI, tyAre zeTha pratyenA mAnathI prerAIne, temanI adaba jALavIne majUro kAma para caDI gayA hatA. ekAda ThekANe ekAda pALIne bAda karatAM nave ekamomAM kAma cAlu rahyuM hatuM. majUrone e divase pagAra maLyo eTalI ja rakama--sAtaATha lAkha rUpiyA-- majUra kalyANa bhaMDoLamAM ApavAnuM zeThanA kuTuMbe vicAryuM. AkhA amadAvAdamAM jemanA zokamAM haDatALa hatI temanI ja milo e divase cAlI te eka apUrva . Scanned by CamScanner

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Scanned by CamScanner sva. kasturabhAInA pArthiva dehane aMtima khaMjali arpatAM rAjyapAla vImatI zAradA mukag ppano ?

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Scanned by CamScanner chelluM darzana juo pR. 190

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chelluM darzana 191 ane abhinaMdanIya ghaTanA gaNAya! dezanA koI netAnA avasAna vakhate nahotuM banyuM te kastUrabhAInA avasAna vakhate banyuM. somavAre savAre zAhIbAgamAM mAnava maherAmaNa UmaTyo. samAjanA badhA tharanA loko dezanA A mahAna sapUtane aMjali arpavA ekatra thayA hatA. temAM rAjyapAlazrI hatAM, pradhAno hatA, sarakArI adhikArIo hatA, rAjakIya netAone samAjasevako hatA, AcAryo ane adhyApako hatA, vepArIo ane udyogapatio hatA, tema munImo ane majUro paNa hatA. amadAvAde teno sAco svajana gumAvyAno zoka cArekora dekhAto hato. bhAratanA koI udyogapatine sAmAnya janatA taraphathI ATaluM mAna ne ATalI cAhanA bhAgye ja maLyAM haze. aMtima saMskAra vakhate zaheranA agraNIoe kastUrabhAInI anekavidha sevAone biradAvatAM pravacano kya. AkAzavANI uparathI aMjalio apAI. zokasabhAomAM zoka pradarzita karatA TharAvo thayA. dezamAMthI tema ja paradezamAMthI siddhArthabhAI ane zreNikabhAI upara AzvAsananA patro ane tArono varasAda varasyo. bhAratanAM pradhAna maMtrI zrImatI indirA gAMdhIe kastUrabhAInA avasAna aMge UMDA du:khanI lAgaNI vyakata karatAM dezanA audyogika vikAsamAM temaNe ApelA gatizIla phALAnI ane temanI udAra dAnazIlatAnI prazaMsA karI. | vikhyAta udyogapati ghanazyAmadAsa biralAe A prasaMge zokasaMdezo mokalatAM jaNAvyuM ke "kastUrabhAInA avasAnathI rASTranI saMsthArUpa mArA AjIvana mitra adRzya thayA che. temane pagale cAlIne temanI paraMparAne AgaLa dhapAvo." kastUrabhAInA gADha mitra ne prasiddha udyogapati brajamohana biralAe kastUrabhAInA avasAnane kAraNe potAne paDelI aMgata khoTa uparAMta samagra vepArI komane paDelI khoTano nirdeza karIne kahyuM ke: "temanA jevA vAraMvAra janmatA nathI. temanuM vyakitatva bhavya hatuM. vepArI samudAyane mATe teo eka moTuM baLa hatA. teo hamezAM sAcA dhyeyanI paDakhe UbhA rahetA."10 kastUrabhAIne pUjya gaNatA zrI ke. ke. biralAe dezanA udyogIkaraNa, dInadukhiyAMnI rAhatane jaina tIrthonA punaruddhArano ullekha karIne temanI sevAone aMjali ApI.11 Scanned by CamScanner

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192 paraMparA ane pragati eka jApAnI peDhInA adhyakSa noboru koyAsue, pote temanI sAthe gALelA samaya daramyAna kastUrabhAIe Apela zikhAmaNa ane mArgadarzana anusA vartavAnuM potAnuM jIvanadhyeya vyakata karyuM ane temanI mahAnubhAvitAne bhAvabharI aMjali ApI.12 muMbaInA mazahura udyogapati nevila vADiyAe A prasaMge zreNikabhAI para moklelo patra kastUrabhAInA vyaktitvano dyotaka che, zrI vADiyA lakhe che: "tamArA priya pitAjInA ekAeka thayela avasAnanA samAcAra Aje savAre chApAmAM vAMcatAM bhAre AghAta thayo. gaI 9mI tArIkhe savAre temaNe amArI borDanI miTiMgamAM hAjarI ApI tyAre to e sAjAsArA dekhAtA hatA, ane temanuM mana paNa hamezanI mAphaka jAgrata ane spaSTa vicAra karI zakatuM hatuM. - khAsa karIne basTana pariSadamAM sAthe hatA tyArathI teo ane huM uttama mitro banyA hatA. iMglaMDanA koTana borDa sAthenI vATAghATo vakhate ame sAthe kAma kareluM. bhAratanA pratinidhimaMDaLamAM ame cha jaNa ja hatA. chatAM saumAM temanuM vyaktitva nirALuM tarI AvatuM. jyAM jatA tyAM temane ucca koTinuM mAna maLatuM. teo sIdhA, saraLa ne nikhAlasa svabhAvanA hatA. potAnA abhiprAya dRDhapaNe ane jarAya khacakATa vagara rajU karatA. pote temanI sAthe kyAM UbhA che tenI darekane khabara hoya. ethIye vizeSa, emanI salAha hamezAM saMgIna hoya ne khUba madadarUpa nIvaDe. kharekhara mane temanI bhAre moTI khoTa paDaze. tamArA saunA jIvanamAM temanA javAthI keTalo moTo zUnyAvakAza Ubho thaze teno khyAla karI zakuM chuM.13 tAtA inDasTrIjha li.nA adhyakSa zrI je.Ara.DI. tAtA zrI siddhArthabhAI paranA TUMkA patramAM kastUrabhAInI mahAnubhAvitAne mArmika rIte upasAvI Ape che. thoDAMka vAkyo ja joIe: "ghaNA dAyakAothI mane temano paricaya che. jenAM zabda ane sahAya para hamezAM AdhAra rAkhI zakAya tevA mitra tarIke ja nahIM paraMtu durbhAgya Scanned by CamScanner

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chezuM na 193 cAra bhAratamAM virala ja jovA maLatA sadAcAra ane prAmANikatAnA guNo sAthe ucca koTinI kAryadakSatA dharAvatA sajajana tarIke temane mATe mane hamezAM ghaNAmAM ghaNI mAnane prazaMsAno bhAva rahelo che. beja aThavADiyAM pahelAM kuTuMbaniyojana pratiSThAnanA adhyakSa tarIke meM karelI apIlano temaNe ghaNI ja udAratAthI javAba vALelo tene mATe UMDI AbhAranI lAgaNI thAya che. kharekhara teo mahAna puruSa hatA. vepAra ne udyoganA agraNI netA tarIke temanI khoTa bahu ja sAlaze.14 muMbaInA jANItA udyogapati zrI hasamukhabhAI pArekhe kastUrabhAIne yugapuruSa tarIke biradAvatAM lakhyuM ke: "zrI kastUrabhAInA nidhanathI ApaNA nabhamAMthI koI tAro kharI paDyo hoya evuM lAge che. emanuM bhavya vyakitatva, emanI anekasiddhio, emanI lAkSaNikatA, emanI aDagatA, emanI saraLatA ane bIjuM keTaluMye Aje yAda Ave che. vIsamI sadInA vyApArI jagatamAM ApaNA dezamAM emanuM sthAna anokhuM rahyuM che. samAjamAM vepArIonuM sthAna jo koIe zobhAvyuM hoya, dIpAvyuM hoya to te emaNe ja. vyApArI ane mAnavatA vacce aikya hovuM jarUrI che, e bhAratanI saikAonI praNAlikAnuM jo koIe jatana karyuM hoya to te zrI kastUrabhAIe ja. tamArA kuTuMbamAM, amadAvAdamAM, dezamAM emanI khoTa purAya ema nathI. yugapuruSanI jagA koNa pUrI zake? paraMtu ApaNA badhAnA dilamAM e eka dIvo pragaTAvI gayA tenuM teja ApaNane mArga ane dizA Apaze ja...15 dhI inDiyana kaoNTana milsa pheDarezananA adhyakSa zrI je. pI. goenkA kastUrabhAIe cha dAyakA sudhI kApaDa-udyoganA vikAsa mATe Apela sahAya ne mArgadarzanano ullekha karIne pheDarezananA sthApaka pramukha tarIke temaNe karelI sevAone aMjali Ape che.16 kastUrabhAInuM avasAna thayuM te arasAmAM pazcima oNsTreliyAthI Avela DaoN. ke. somarsa temane amadAvAdamAM maLelA ane pAlitANA tathA rANakapuranAM tIrthonI mulAkAta mATe DaoN. somarsane kasturabhAIe anukULatA karI ApelI eTaluM ja nahIM, paNa temane teo rANakapuramAM maLavAnA hatA. tema banI zakayuM Scanned by CamScanner

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194 paraMparA ane pragati nahIM ane ociMtA avasAnanA samAcAra vAMcavAmAM AvyA tethI potAne thayeluM du:kha DaoN. somarsa zreNikabhAI paranA patramAM varNave che.17 - zrI rAmakRSNa bajAja svAtaMtryaprApti pahelAM jamanAlAlajI sAthenA kastUrabhAInA saMbaMdhanI yAda ApIne temane aMjali ApatAM kahe che: "temanuM vyaktitva bahumukha hatuM. dezanI Arthika pragatimAM temaNe Apela mahatvanA phALA uparAMta zikSaNa ne saMskRtine lagatI anya pravRttiomAM paNa temane UMDo rasa hato. temanuM jIvana preraNAno strota hato. teo bhAratanA udyogIkaraNano pAyo nAkhanAra samartha mahAnubhAvo ane agraNI udyogapatiomAMnA eka che. temanA avasAnathI vepArI vargane tema ja samagra samAjane netRtva pUruM pADanAra eka mahAna zaktizALI pratibhAnI khoTa paDI che."18 A uparAMta, sibA-geigInA DirekTara Do. pola rahAInara, sara mAikela pahema, gaoNDaphre DevIsa, hanDrIjha eNnDa glAsago li.nA adhyakSa embrojha koMgrIva, AI.sI.AI.nA mi. brAyana robinsana, mi. sIrIla piTsa tema ja mi. jeka eizkana, jApAnanI nizina spiniMga kaM. li.nA salAhakAra tekezI sakuradA vagere videzI mitro ane sahakAryakaronA uSmAbharyA AzvAsanapatro kastUrabhAIe temanA para pADelA prabhAva ane temanAmAM jagADelA ahobhAvanA nidarzaka che. gujarAta vepArI mahAmaMDaLa, amadAvAda milamAlika maMDaLa, gujarAta vidyAsabhA, gujarAta yunivarsiTI ane amadAvAdanI kUDIbaMdha zikSaNasaMsthAo, akhila bhAratIya jaina zvetAmbara konpharansa, amadAvAdano saklasaMgha, jaina vizA osavALa samAja vagere dharmasaMsthAo tema ja gujarAtabharanI anya nAnImoTI saMsthAoe zokaTharAvo karIne A mahAna gujarAtIne nivApAMjali apI hatI. uparAMta jANItI ne ajANI aneka vyaktioe gadya ane padyamAM kastUrabhAI pratyenAM potAnAM prema ane mAna vyakata karatA patro lakhyA che. vartamAnapatroe paNa kastUrabhAInI vepAra-udyoga, zikSaNa, klA, saMskRti Adi kSetronI sevAone biradAvatA lekho lakhelA, temAM amadAvAdanA dainika Scanned by CamScanner

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chelluM darzana 15 patra gujarAta samAcAre ApelI aMjali vizeSa dhyAna kheMce che. temAMnA keTalAka aMzo joIe: "gujarAtanA vepAra-udyoganA kabIravaDa samA zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAIno Aje dehAMta thatAM hiMdustAnanA audyogika nakazAmAM gujarAtanuM nAma maDhI denArI eka khIMTI kharI paDI che...zrI kastUrabhAI mAtra udyogapati nahotA, mAtra mahAjana nahotA, mAtra dhanavAna nahotA, mahAtmA gAMdhInA gujarAtanI kUkhane ujALanArA ane saradAra paTela jevA panotA putronI paraMparAnA eka pANIdAra maNakA samA hatA. e to gujarAtanA garavA parAkrama-puruSonI peDhInA eka khamatIdhara mobhI hatA. emanA javAthI ghaDIka gujarAta rAMka banyAnI lAgaNI janmavI svAbhAvika che. paNa zrI kastUrabhAIe gujarAtane eTaluM badhuM ApyuM che ke gujarAta kadI rAMka banI zake nahIM. kacchanA eka vAranA nirjana kAMThe kaMDalA mahAbaMdaranAM dhvajadhArI vahANo para zrI kastUrabhAInuM nAma adRzyathI lakhAyeluM vaMcAze. audyogika vaijJAnika saMsthA aTIrAnI bArAkhaDInA prathama akSara rUpe e hamezAM yAda raheze. pAlitANA ane rANakapuranAM prAcIna jaina tIrthadhAmonA jUnA pAyAmAM navuM polAda pUranArA eka zraddhApuruSa tarIke teo yAdadAstanuM amITa nizAna banI raheze. gujarAtanI keTalIka Adarza ucca zikSaNasaMsthAonA drA ane praharI tarIke temanuM nAma hamezAM yAda raheze.... mRtyunI hada koI miTAvI zakyuM nathI. paNa potAnI pAchaLa jhaLAMhaLAM hastInA tejapuMja pAtharanArA keTalAka AtmadIpa saMsAramAM sadIe sadIe pragaTatA rahe che. evA mAnavadIpomAM ekanuM nAma kastUrabhAI hatuM tema tavArIkhane noMdhyA vinA chUTako nahIM thAya."19 kyAzI varSanI pakava vaye kastUrabhAIe ciravidAya lIdhI hatI. chatAM temanA avasAnanA samAcAra deza AkhAe eka AMcakA sAthe jhIlyA hatA. vepAra ane udyogamAM saMpa, sahakAra ane saMgaThananI UMcI bhAvanA A "mahAjananA mahAjane" upasAvI ApI hatI. A kSetromAM temaNe svAcaraNa dvArA nIti ane prAmANikatAnAM mUlyonI ANa vartAvI hatI. temanA bolanuM vajana mANekyokanA Scanned by CamScanner

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196 paraMparA ane pragati nAnA vepArIthI mAMDIne tAtA-biralA sudhInA sau upara paDatuM. temanA javAthI eka evo zUnyAvakAza Ubho thayo che, je kadAca kadI purAze nahIM. amadAvAda sthapAyuM tenI pahelAMthI mahAjananI je paraMparA cAlI AvatI hatI teno lagabhaga chello kahI zakAya tevo staMbha, kastUrabhAInA mRtyu sAthe, tUTI paDyo ema kahI zakAya. - udyogakSetre nUtana yuga pravartAvanAra agraNIomAM temanI gaNanA thatI. kalA, zikSaNa ane udyoga paratve temanI dRSTi Adhunikone AMTI jAya eTalI pragatizIla hatI. rANapura ane delavADAnAM zilpasthApatya, aTIrA ne AI.AI.ema. jevI saMsthAo ane atula jevuM bahulakSI udyoga kendra temanI pragatiabhimukha vicArazreNInAM ciraMjIva smArako che. - AjhAdInA saMgrAmakALa daramyAna temaNe rASTrIya netAone Apelo sahakAra temanI hiMmata ane dezadAjhanI gavAhI pUre che. amadAvAdanA vepAra-udyogamAM ja nahIM, tenA samagra sAMskRtika jIvanamAM kastUrabhAI vyApta hatA. gujarAtamAM mahAjananI paraMparAnA pratinidhi tarIke temaNe vepArano Adarza pUro pADyo ane rela tathA duSkALa jevAM saMkaTomAM rAhatakAryanuM Ayojana karIne sAmAjika sevAno pratyakSa dAkhalo besADyo. bhAratamAM videzI peDhIonA sahakArathI temaNe raMga-rasAyaNanA utpAdanano prAraMbha karyo ane anokhI AvaDatathI bhAratIya arthanItinA AdhArastaMbha banyA. AMtararASTrIya kSetre vepAra ane arthakAraNanI aneka aTapaTI AMTIghUMTIone buddhipUrvaka ukelI batAvanAra niSNAta ane vicakSaNa viSTikAra tarIke temaNe nAmanA meLavI hatI. A badhAM kAryo te te kSetronA itihAsamAM viziSTa noMdha pAmaze. paraMtu temanuM nAma ane kAma suvarNAkSare lakhAze te to kApaDa-udyoganA itihAsamAM, pachI te amadAvAdano hoya, bhAratano hoya ke duniyAnA kApaDa-udyogano ItihAsa hoya. temanA jevA bAhoza ane sAhasika udyogapatio bhAratamAM nathI ema . nahIM; udyogamAM 'moDarnAijhezana'nI havA dUkanArA paNa che ane temanI mAphaka paraMparAne pUjanArA paNa maLI Avaze. karaksarabharyo vahIvaTa karanArA aneka haze; rASTrahita joIne vyavahAra karanArA paNa maLaze, sAmAjika javAbadArInA bhAna sAthe dAnano pravAha vahevaDAvanAra dhanapatio paNa haze; zilpa sthApatyamAM Scanned by CamScanner

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chelluM darzana 17. rasa ane sujha dharAvanAra paNa nIkaLaze; ane sAdAI ne namratAnI mUrtio paNa jovA maLaze. paraMtu e badhA guNone potAmAM samAvIne satya, nyAya ane sadAcArane te saunI upara sthApI batAvanAra zAhasodAgara to kastUrabhAI eka ja hatA. temanuM Agamana eka ghaTanA hatI. tenAthI vizeSa mahattvanI ghaTanA temanI vidAya banI. vIsamI sadInA ATha dAyakA para vistarelI temanA AyuSanI lIlA saMkelAI tenI sAthe jANe ke eka AkhA yuganI samApti thaI gaI! 1. ema. 2.KD p. 8. 3.KD p. 8. 4. KD p. 32-34. 5. mu. 6. zrema. 7. hemu. 8. zrema. 9. 8. upara tA. 22-1-80nA roja mokalelA tAramAMthI. 10. che. ane si. upara tA. 21-1-80nA roja pAThavelA tAramAMthI. 11. che. ane si. upara tA. 21-1-80nA roja pAThavelA tAramAMthI. 12. si. para tA. 21-1-80nA roja pAThavelA tAramAMthI. 13. . para tA. 21-1-8nnA roja lakhela aMgrejI patramAMthI. 14. si. para tA. 30-1-80nA roja lakhela aMgrejI patramAMthI. 15. si.ne. para tA. 21-1-80nA roja lakhelA patramAMthI. 16. tA. 29-1-80nA roja karela aMgrejI TharAva tA. 30-1-8nA roja che. para rmokalyo temAMthI. 17. tA. 4-2-80nA roja zre. para lakhela aMgrejI patramAMthI. 18. tA. 25-1-80nA roja si. para lakhela aMgrejI patramAMthI. 19. tA. 21-1-80nA "gujarAta samAcAra'nA taMtrI lekhamAMthI. Scanned by CamScanner

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jIvanarekhA 184, DiseMbara, 19 : kastUrabhAIno janma. 1896 : lAlabhAI zeThe sarasapura milanI sthApanA karI. 1902 : kastUrabhAInuM zAradAbahena sAthe sagapaNa. 1905 : lAlabhAI zeThe rAyapura milanI sthApanA karI. 1911 : lAlabhAI zeThanI vaDIlopArjita milakatanuM vibhAjana. 1911 : kastUrabhAI maeNTrikyulezana parIkSAmAM pAsa thayA. 1912, jAnyuArI : gujarAta kolejamAM dAkhala thayA. 1912, jUna, 5 : lAlabhAI zeThanuM avasAna. 1912, oNgasTa : kastUrabhAI koleja choDIne rAyapura milamAM joDAyA. 1913 : ghera zikSaka rAkhI aMgrejI zIkhyA. 1914: rAyapura milamAM zALakhAnuM zarU karyuM. milane sAro napho thayo. 1914, DiseMbara : puruSottamabhAI haThIsiMganuM avasAna. 1915, me : zAradAbahena sAthe lagna. 1915, me, 25 : gAMdhIjIe amadAvAdamAM satyAgrahAzrama sthApyo. 1917 : amadAvAdamAM plega. majUronI taMgI. majUronA vetanamAM nevuM TakAno vadhAro. 1918 : amadAvAdamAM milamAlikonuM saMgaThana aMbAlAla sArAbhAIe karyuM. Scanned by CamScanner

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jIvana rekhA 199 majUronA vetanamAM kApa. majUronI ekavIsa divasanI haDatALa. gAMdhIjInA upavAsa. samAdhAna. lavAdI siddhAntano svIkAra. maMtraNAomAM kastUrabhAIno hisso. 1918 : gujarAtamAM duSkALa rAhata samitinA eka maMtrI tarIke kastUrabhAInI sakriya kAmagIrI. 1918 : milanA vahIvaTa aMge kastUrabhAIe karelA keTalAka niyamo. 1920, phebruArI, 25 : majUra mahAjana saMghanI sthApanA. 1920 : majUronA pagAravadhArA bAbata gAMdhIjI sAthe samAdhAna. 1920 : narubhAI sAthe yuropanI prathama musApharI. paradezI calaNamAM nANAnA rokANathI nukasAna. 1921 : saradAra vallabhabhAI paTela amadAvAda myunisipAliTInA pramukha banyA. temanA kahevAthI kastUrabhAI tathA temanA bhAIoe yu. prAthamika zALA mATe rUpiyA pacAsa hajAranuM dAna ApyuM. tenAthI dAnanA pravAhanA zrIgaNeza. 1921 : amadAvAdamAM majUro ane mAliko vacce bonasa aMge jhaghaDo. mAlavIyajInI madhyasthI. 1921, DiseMbara : amadAvAdamAM inDiyana nezanala koMgresanuM adhivezana. motIlAla neharu sAthe saMbaMdha. rASTrabhaktinuM siMcana. 1922 : azoka mila cAlu thaI. 1922 : pagArakApane kAraNe amadAvAdanA milamajUronI haDatALa. 1922, mArca, 18 : amadAvAdanI sezansa korTamAM gAMdhIjI sAme cAlelA aitihAsika mukadmAmAM kastUrabhAInI hAjarI. 1922, DiseMbara : vaDI dhArAsabhAmAM milamAlika maMDaLanA pratinidhi tarIke cUMTAyA. 1923 : pagAraghaTADAne kAraNe majUra haDatALa. 1923 : kAkAonI Arthika behAlI. sarasapura mila phaDacAmAM. kastUrabhAI vahIvaTadAra nimAyA. 1923 : svarAja pakSanI sthApanA, amadAvAda tathA muMbaInA milamAlikoe Scanned by CamScanner

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200 paraMparA ane pragati pakSane pAMca lAkha rUpiyA ApyA. 1924, sapTebara : kastUrabhAIe kApaDa paranI AbakArI jakAta rada karavA aMge vaDI dhArAsabhAmAM TharAva mUkyo. 1924 : zAMtiniketana mATe phALo ugharAvI Apyo. 1925 : jaina zvetAmbara kaoNnpharansa yojela vicArasaMmelananA pramukhapade. 1925, DiseMbara, 1 : vAisaraoNye AbakArI jakAta rada karato vaTahukama bahAra pADyo.. 1926, mA : vaDI dhArAsabhAmAM AbakArI jakAta rada karato dhAro pasAra thayo. 1926 : savAyA svarAjisTa' tarIke motIlAla neharue kastUrabhAIne oLakhAvyA. 1926, jUna, 26 : prathama Teripha kamizananI nimaNUka. 1926 : amadAvAda milamAlika maMDaLa vatI prathama Teripha kamizana samakSa - jubAnI. 1925-1927 : muMbaImAM vAraMvAra paDelI mila haDatAla. 1926 : ANaMdajI kalyANajInI peDhInA kastUrabhAI pramukha banyA. zatruMjaya yAtrAverAnuM prakaraNa. 1926 : pitAnI smRtimAM traNa bhAIoe rUpiyA cha lAkhanuM TrasTa karyuM. 1927, julAI : gujarAtamAM relasaMkaTa, kastUrabhAIe kareluM rAhatakArya. 1927 : amadAvAda myunisipAliTImAM kastUrabhAI sarakAraniyukta sabhya. 1928 : kastUrabhAInuM a. myu.nA sabhyapadethI rAjInAmuM. 1928 : saradAranuM a. myu.nA pramukhapadethI rAjInAmuM. 1928: svadezI sabhAnI sthApanA ane kAmagIrI. gresa sAthenI niSphaLa - vATAghATo. 1928, me, 1 : rAyapura milamAM gAMdhIjIne haste kesanuM udghATana. 1928: majUronI vetanavadhArAnI mAgaNI aMge gAMdhIjI ane maMgaLadAsanA - paMcano cukAdo. 1928 : yuropanI bIjI musApharI. zAradAbahenanI mAMdagI. 1928 : sAsunI mAMdagI. nAsikanI musApharI. akasmAta. bacAva.. Scanned by CamScanner

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jIvana-rekhA 201 1928 : aruNa milanI sthApanA. 1928 : tAraMgA tIrtha aMge digaMbaro sAthe samAdhAna. 1929, jAnyuArI : gujarAta kolejanA vidyArthIonI haDatAla. 1929 : jinIvA majUra pariSadamAM majUronA pratinidhi tarIke hAjarI. 1929 : mAtAne hADabhaMga. 1930, mArca, 11 : gAMdhIjInI dAMDIkuca. 1930, eprila, 1 : amadAvAdanA milamAliko gAMdhIjIne maLavA spezyala TreIna karIne sUrata gayA. 1931 : araviMda milanI sthApanA. 1932 : TrasTanAM nANAM aMge gAMdhIjInI zIkha. 1932 : bI. ke. majumadAra maLyA. 1932 : majhiyArI milakatanuM vibhAjana. 1932 : mohinAbAnuM avasAna. 1932 : nUtana milanI sthApanA. 1933 : simalAmAM tripakSI pariSada. 1933 : pAnakora nAkAnI peDhI para daroDo. 1933 : kRSNA ane rAjA haThIsiMganAM lagna. 1933 : rANakapurano jIrNoddhAra. 1934 : parvatithinI carcA prasaMge UbhA thayela matabhedamAM madhyasthI. 1934 : jinIvA majura pariSadamAM bhAratanA udyogapationA pratinidhi tarIke hAjarI. kuTuMba sAthe yuropano pravAsa. 1934 : akhila bhAratIya vepAraudyoga mahAmaMDaLanA adhyakSa thayA. amadAvAda 'milamAlika maMDaLanA pramukha banyA. 1935, me, 15 : amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTI sthApI. 1935, sapTebara : bIjA Teripha kamizananI nimaNUka. tenI samakSa jubAnI. 1936 : milamAlikoe vetanakApanI jAherAta karatAM gAMdhIjI ane kastUrabhAInA paMca vacce matabheda Ubho thatAM jasTisa maDagAMvakaranI nimaNUka ane temano cukAdo. Scanned by CamScanner

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202 paraMparA ane pragati 1936 : bhArata ane briTana vaccenA vepAra aMgenI samiti para nimaNuka 1936, jUna, 25 : Teripha kamizanano riporTa. 197 : IMgleMDamAM cAra mAsanuM rokANa. 1937 : anila sTArca menyuphekyarIMga kaMpanInI sthApanA. 1937 : lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI ArTsa kaoNleja zarU thaI. 1937 : nyU kaoNTana milanI sthApanA. 1937 : rijharva beMkanA DirekaTara tarIke varaNI. 1938 : rijharva beMkanA gavarnara tarIke prathama hiMdI sara citAmaNa dezamukhanI kastUrabhAInA prayatnathI nimaNUka 1938 : sArAbhAI DAhyAbhAI ThagAI prakaraNa. 1938 : paMcanI prathAno aMta lAvavA amadAvAdanA milamAlikoe ApelI noTisa. 1939 : milamAlikoe paMcaprathAno bhaMga karyo. chevaTe samAdhAna. 1941 : muMbaImAM plaoNTa laI makAna bAMdhyuM. 1942, oNgasTa, 9: 'hiMda choDo'nuM elAna. amadAvAdanI milonI aitihAsika haDatALa. 1942, oNgasTa, 17 : muMbaInA makAnamAM suhRda sArAbhAInuM avasAna. 1943: "kAunsila oNpha sAyanTiphika enDa inDasTrIala risaranA sabhya. tenI nANAM samitinA adhyakSa. 1943: rijharva beMkanA borDa opha DirekTarsanI sabhAmAM makAnanA plAna banAvavAnuM bhAratIya peDhIne soMpavAno Agraha karyo. 1943: ijiptamAM kharIdela rUnA praznano vATAghATathI ukela. dariyAI vimAnanI musApharImAM apamAnajanaka anubhava. 1944 : gujarAta vizvavidyAlaya maMDaLanI sthApanA. 14: nIlA proDakaTsanI sthApanA. 194: banne putrone amerikA vadhu abhyAsa mATe mokalyA. 194 : hkattAmAM beMgAla TekasTAila eNsosiyezananI sthApanA karIne aMkuzita kApaDanI vaheMcaNInI yojanA karI. Scanned by CamScanner

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jIvana rekhA 203 1944 : pUrva AphrikAnA rU aMge vATAghATo, 1944 : amadAvAdanA komI hullaDane zAMta karavAmAM bajAvelI kAmagIrI. 1945 : amadAvAdamAM enjiniyariMga kaoNlejanI sthApanA aMge muMbaInA gavarnara laoNrDa brebornanI mulAkAta. 1945 : sAthI rAjyonI kApaDa pariSadamAM bhArata sarakAranA pratinidhi tarIke kAmagIrI. 1946 : amadAvAda ejyukezana sosAyaTIe gujarAta yunivarsiTInI sthApanAnI pUrvataiyArIrUpe savApAMcaso ekara jamIna lIdhI. 1946 : amerikAnI prathama mulAkAta. putrone maLyA. sAinemAiDa kaMpanI sAthe vATAghATo. atula proDaTsa li.nI sthApanA. 1946 : briTananA TeksTAila mazInarI menyuphekacararsa sAthe vATAghATo. 1947 : phijhikala risarca laeNboreTarI (pI. Ara. ela.)nI sthApanA. 1947 : delavADAnAM daherAMno jIrNoddhAra karavAno A. ka. peDhInA TrasTIoe karelo nirNaya. 1947 : amadAvAda TeksTAila risarca eNsosiyezana (aTIrA)nI sthApanA. 1948 : rUnI kharIdI aMge bhArata sarakAra vatI ijiptanI mulAkAta. niSphaLa vATAghATo. 1948 : rUnI kharIdI mATe bhArata sarakAranA pratinidhimaMDaLanI AgevAnI laIne kaeNronI mulAkAta lIdhI ane bhArata tathA briTana mATe traNa lAkha gAMsaDI rUno sodo karyo. 1948 : gAMdhI smAraka nidhimAM pAMca karoDa rUpiyA ekatra karavA aMgenI samitinA adhyakSa. 1948 : ela. DI. enjiniyariga kaoNleja mATe rUpiyA pacIsa lAkhanuM dAna. 1948 : bhArata sarakAre nImelI kharcamAM karakasara sUcavavA mATenI samitinA adhyakSa. 1948 : baMdara pasaMdagI samitinA adhyakSapade. 1948 : inkamaTeksa kamizanara vaizyanI tapAsa. SaNamukham ceTTInuM rAjInAmuM. 1949 : harijananA maMdirapravezano prazna ukelyo. Scanned by CamScanner

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204 paraMparA ane pragati 1949 : atula mATe jamIna kharIdI. 1950 : atulanA plAnTanuM bAMdhakAma zarU thayuM. 1950 : patnInuM avasAna. 1950 : haidarAbAda, maisura ane trAvaNakora rAjyoe karelAM dhIrANI ane rokANonI rakama aMgenI tapAsa samitinA adhyakSa. 1952 : leMkezAyara khAte AMtararASTrIya sutarAu kApaDa udyoga pariSadamAM bhAratanA pratinidhimaMDaLanA netA tarIke, 1952, mArca, 17 : atulanA kArakhAnAnuM javAharalAle udghATana karyuM. 1lAra : sAInemAIDa kaMpanIe paMdara lAkha rUpiyAnI raoNyalTI jatI karI. 1952 : bhArata sarakAranA jAhera bAMdhakAma khAtAnI tapAsa samitinA adhyakSapade. 195ra : nyUyorkamAM pheDarala rijharva beMka khAte sanmAna samAraMbha. 1953 : jApAnanI mulAkAta, sanmAna. 1953 : Ai. sI. Ai. sAtheno karAra maeNnejiMga ejansInA muddA para bhAMgI paDyo. 1954 : bhAratanA audyogika pratinidhimaMDaLanA netA tarIke raziyAnI mulAkAta. 1954 : bhArata Avela vizvabeMkanA pratinidhimaMDaLa sAthe mulAkAta. 1954 : atulanI mAgaNIthI sarakAre Teripha kamizana nImyuM. 1955 : aTIka li.nI sthApanA. 1955 : pavAInI AI. TI. Ai.nA caeNramenapade. 1955 : lA. da. sAMskRtika vidyAmaMdiranI sthApanA. 1956 : TI.TI. ke. atulanI mulAkAte. atulane rUpiyA traNa karoDanI lona maLI. 1958 : atulamAM majUronI traNa mAsanI haDatALa. 1961 : Dayuka oNpha eDinabaronI bhAratanI mulAkAta. milamAlika maMDaLanA pramukha tarIke kastUrabhAIe kareluM svAgata. 1962 : inDiyana InsTiTyUTa oNpha menejamenTanI sthApanA. 1992 : rANI elIjhAbethanA mAnamAM bhojana-samAraMbha. 1902 : dhArmika TrasTonI kAmagIrInI tapAsa mATenA paMca samakSa jubAnI. 1962 : skUla oNpha ArkiTekacaranI sthApanA. Scanned by CamScanner

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jIvana-rekhA 205 1963 : tAraMgA tIrthanA jIrNoddhArano prAraMbha. 1963 : saMghanI zuddhi ne ekatA mATe akhila bhAratIya jaina zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka zramaNopAsaka zrI saMgha saMmelana amadAvAdamAM bolAvyuM. 1963 : leMkezAyaranA pratinidhio sAthe vATAghATa karavA iMgleMDa gayA. 1972 : skUla oNpha arbana sTaDIjha eNnDa plAnIMganI sthApanA. 1975 : dhaMdhAmAMthI tema jAhera jIvanamAMthI nivRtta. 1977 : atulanA caeNramenapadethI nivRtta. 1980, jAnyuArI, 20 : avasAna. Scanned by CamScanner

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pariziSTa 1 tA.8 sapTembara 1978nA roja e. DI. zropha memoriyala TrasTa prakAzita kastUrabhAInA aMgrejI jIvanacaritranA vimocanavidhi prasaMge pustakanuM vimocana ryA pachI gujarAta rAjyanA te vakhatanA mukhyamaMtrI zrI bAbubhAI jazabhAI paTele kareluM pravacana, kastUrabhAInA vyaktitva ne puruSArthanuM yathArtha mUlyAMkana karatuM hoI, ahIM udhUta kareluM che.]. bahumukhI pratibhA e. DI. zropha TrasTanuM eka dhyeya navI peDhI samakSa Adhunika bhAratanA arthataMtranA ghaDavaiyAonAM preraka jIvanacaritro rajU karavAnuM che. yogAnuyoga sauthI paheluM ja jIvanacaritra eka anekavidha pratibhA dharAvatA gujarAtanA zreSThivaryanuM rajU thAya che. zeThazrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI eka saphaLa vepArI ane udyogapati che. eTalA ja mATe emanuM jIvana navI peDhIne mATe preraka ane anukaraNIya bane che ema nathI, paNa A jIvana aneka dizAomAM siddhiothI bharyuMbharyuM che tethI aneka rIte preraka banyuM che. kApaDa-udyogamAM bhAratanA mAncesTaranuM biruda amadAvAda pAmyuM che. kastUrabhAInA grupanI milono emAM noMdhapAtra phALo che. e udyoga vikasAvavAmAM ane enA AdhunikaraNamAM emano phALo che. amadAvAda TekasaTAila inDasTrIjha risarca esosiyezana (aTIrA) bhAratabharamAM kApaDa-udyoga mATe ajoDa saMsthA che. zeThazrI kastUrabhAI A udyogane viksAvIne aTakI gayA nathI. dUra dUra valasADa pAse atulanuM rAsAyaNika raMgo vagerenuM eka adyatana navA prakAranuM saMkula audyogika rIte aNavikasita evA dakSiNa gujarAtanA AdivAsI vistAramAM emaNe vikasAvyuM che. gujarAtamAM khAnagI kSetre TrAnsaporTanuM sTeTa TrAnsaporTanI sthApanA pahelAM gujarAta TrAnsaporTa sarvisa dvArA Ayojana, vahANavaTAno vikAsa, Scanned by CamScanner

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pariziSTa 1 207 vImA kSetre, baMdarono vikAsa vageremAM emane rasa rahyo che. bhAratanA bhAgalA thayA pachI karAMcI baMdarane badale navuM adyatana baMdara pazcima kinAre vikasAvavAno yaza paNa emane phALe jAya che. bhArata sarakAre nImelI baMdarIya vikAsa samitinA adhyakSa tarIke kaMDalA baMdaranI pasaMdagI ane vikAsa emane AbhArI che. vepAra-udyoganA vikAsamAM jema emaNe UMDI samaja ane rasano paricaya Apyo che tema zilpa, sthApatya ane bhAratIya saMskRti pratye paNa emanuM AkarSaNa ochuM nathI. gAMdhI AzramanuM AdhunikaraNa, saMgrahAlayanuM sarjana, ANaMdajI kalyANajI peDhInA saMcAlaka tarIke bhAratanAM prAcIna jaina maMdironI jALavaNI ane dRSTipUrNa vikAsa, lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI purAtatva vidyAmaMdiranuM nirmANa ane saMvardhana vagere emane AbhArI che. Adhunika zikSaNamAM gujarAta kadama milAvI zake e mATe amadAvAda keLavaNI maMDaLanI sthApanA, vinayana ane ijanerI koleja mATe udAra sakhAvato, bhAvimAM janmanAra yunivarsiTI mATe vizALa jamInanuM saMpAdana ke jene kAraNe yunivarsiTIne Aje paNa navI navI dizAomAM prasthAna karavAmAM anukULatA rahe che te ane Adhunika anekavidha saMsthAonuM nirmANa emane AbhArI che. inDiyana insTiTyUTa opha menejamenTa, aTIrA, phijhikala rIsarca leboreTarI, inDiyana DijhAInsa insTiTyUTa vagere jevAM bhAratanAM advitIya saMsthA-sarjano emane AbhArI che. gujarAtano audyogika vikAsa jema navAM sAhasone AbhArI che tema audyogika zAMtine AbhArI che. rASTrapitA gAMdhIjInA saMparkamAM zarUthI zeThazrI kastUrabhAI, aMbAlAla sArAbhAI vagere AvyA hatA. emanI doravaNIthI mAlika-majUrano saMgharSa TALI samajUtIthI pragati karavAnI paddhati e saue svIkArI. pariNAme dezanA bIjA bhAgo karatAM amadAvAdamAM utpAdanamAM vikSepa ocho paDe che. ane pramANamAM sArAM vetano majUro meLavI zake che. vaLI dhArAsabhAnA sabhyapade cuMTAyA to kApaDaudyoga upara bhAratanA hita viruddhanI naMkhAyelI sADAtraNa TakAnI AbakArI jakAta dUra karAvavAnuM zreya emaNe meLavyuM hatuM. gujarAtamAM vepArI mahAmaMDaLanI sthApanA ane saMcAlana bhAratamAM Scanned by CamScanner

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208 paraMparA ane pragati anyatra bane che enA karatAM viziSTa bhAtanAM banyAM, vepAra ane udyanuM %i jALavavuM, emanA none vAcA ApavI e to zI koi kare che, paNa zrI karabhAI ane zrI amRtavA rabovanadAzanI dIvALI haLa A maMDaLa gujarAtanA vikAsanA none prAdhAnya ApavAnI praNAlikA pA), narmadA yojanA, rAo, baMdaro, vahANavaTu, gharI kemIkala saMkula, riphAinarI, zayadaLa, vagere mAM gujarAta vepArI mahAmaMDaLa raza hai, hyuM che e emAM aAvelI praNAdhikAne AbhArI che, rAdAzrI vallabhabhAI paTela ane dAdAsAheba mAvaLakaranA nika sAthInA nAte emaNe, zaradAzrIe jema 1927nA re saMkaTamAM vALA Aryo hato tema, gujarAtamAM mahAgujarAta saMkaTa nivAba rasTanI sthApanA ane saMcAlana karIne kuztI AphatomAM gRmtane paDakhe UbhA rahevAnuM svIkAryuM. duSkALa, pANInI achata, zrerInI nibhAva, vAvAjhoDuM, ativRSTi vageremAM rAhata pahoMcavAmAM AgaLano bhAga levAnI praNAlikA emaNe UbhI karI, Aje paNa e prANAdhikA jaLavAI rahI che. Aja zaradAra dvArA bhavana paNa zrI kastUrabhAI zenI chINI najara ane dUchInuM jana che, - AkhA samAjanA hitanuM je ciMtana kare te mahAjana gaNAya, koI nAgarika bhULI na zake evuM Athojana mahAjana kare, e rIte zrI kasturabhAI mahAjana hA, gu nA zavAMgI vikAsanuM zarU ciMtana emaNe kareluM che tethI A mahAjana zaune mATe preka evuM svI, dIrghajIvana jIvyA che, emanA anuchIya citra prakAzana karIne e, ya, zrIpha TrasTe zubhAraMbha karyo che, zeThazrI kastUrabAIne uttama Arogya zA dIdhuM icchI emanA A preraka jIvanavyaktinuM vimozana che. Scanned by CamScanner

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pariziSTa 2 [zukravAra, tA. 8 sapTeMbara 1978nA roja kastUrabhAInuM aMgrejI jIvanacaritra pragaTa thayuM tenA vimocana prasaMge temaNe kareluM pravacana ahIM mUkayuM che. lAM... . . . bI majalane aMte koI musAphara kApelA paMtha para dRSTi kare ne yAtrAno mathitArtha kADhe tema, kastUrabhAI jIvananA sudIrgha paTa para dRSTipAta karIne rASTriya jAgRtinA samayane gauravabhera yAda kare che. sahapAnthonA sadbhAva ne sahakArano umaLakAbhera RNa svIkAra kare che ane aMte vartamAna viSamatAmAMthI bahAra AvavA mATe navI peDhIne sahakAra ane samajAvaTano mArga apanAvavAnI sonerI zIkha Ape che.] pramukhazrI jayakRSNabhAI, gujarAta rAjyanA paMtapradhAna zrI bAbubhAI paTela, bhAIo tathA baheno, sadgata aradezara zropha mArA mitra hatA. temanI sAtheno mAro saMbaMdha 40 varSa paryaMtano hato. temanA smaraNArthe sthApavAmAM Avela e. DI. zropha memoriyala TrasTane mArI hArdika zubhecchA pAThavuM chuM ane TrasTakAryane saphaLatA icchuM chuM. A TrasTa audyogika kSetre zikSaNakArya kare che. Aje A TrasTa yuvAno mATe mAruM jIvanacaritra prasiddha kare che te prasaMge bolatAM saMkoca anubhavuM chuM. sauno sadbhAva jouM chuM sAMbhaLuM chuM ane mane lAge che ke mAre bolavuM joIe--kAMIka kahevuM joIe. huM zuM kahyuM? mArA jIvanane lagatuM A pustaka bahAra paDe che, tyAre ghaNI jAtanI lAgaNIo jAge che. mane apAyeluM A pustaka letAM aneka vicAro manamAM Ave che. pahelo vicAra mArA jIvanane aMge Ave che ane tyA2e prema ane zubhecchAo ApanArAM sahunA RRNano svIkAra karuM chuM. ApaNA jIvanamAM sauthI paheluM RNa mAtApitA pratyenuM hoya che. mArI Scanned by CamScanner

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210 paraMparA ane pragati bAnA sneha vinA ane mArA pitAe zIkhavelI zista vinA mAruM jIvana ATaluM sukhada na banyuM hota. mArA bhAIo cImanabhAI tathA narottamabhAI, mArI baheno, mArAM patnI ane anya kuTuMbIjanono prema mane maLyo che. emaNe mane je ApyuM che tenAthI mAru jIvana dhanya banyuM che. mahAtmA gAMdhI, saradAra vallabhabhAI paTela tathA dAdAsAheba mAvaLaMkara sAthe mane kAma karavAnI taka maLI. temanAM mArgadarzana, preraNA ane sneha maLyAM tene huM mAruM ahobhAgya mAnuM chuM. mArA jIvanamAM lokahitanAM kAryomAM ane audyogika kSetre aneka mahAnubhAvonAM mArgadarzana ane sAthasahakAra mane maLyAM che, konAM nAma yAda karuM ane konAM boluM? sarvazrI puraSottama haThIsiMga, caMdulAla lallubhAI, aMbAlAla sArAbhAI, ghanazyAmadAsa biralA, lAlA zrIrAma, vikrama sArAbhAI, ravizaMkara mahArAja, bI. ke. majumadAra, candraprasAda desAI jevA sahune kRtajJatAnI UMDI lAgaNI sAthe Aje saMbhAra chuM. A uMmare have vicAra karuM chuM tyAre lAge che ke sAru evuM lAMbuM kahI zakAya tevuM jIvana jIvyo chuM. sukhadu:khanA sArAnarasA aneka prasaMgomAMthI pasAra thayo chuM. paristhiti keTalIkavAra viSama banI jAya che. AvI viSama paristhitimAM TakI rahevA mATeanekonA sahakAra ane sAtha maLyA che. sAtha ApanAra sauno huM devAdAra chuM. dezasevako, udyogapatio, vyApArIo, gujarAtanA--khAsa karIne amadAvAdanA nagarajano, jIvananA aneka prasaMgomAM mArI sAthe amArA parivAranI sAthe rahyA che. kAma karavAnI mArI eka rIta che. A rItathI keTalIkavAra bIjAne mAThuM lAgI jAya evuM paNa bane che, e huM jANuM chuM. mArA sAthIdAroe mane sArI rIte kAma karavA dIdhuM che, karI ApyuM che ane umaMgathI kAmamAM pUro sahakAra Apyo che. AvA sAthIdAro maLyA e mAruM sadbhAgya che. Aje huM te badhA mATe premanI lAgaNI anubhavuM chuM. gerasamaja thAya tevA prasaMgoe paNa mArA taraphanA sadbhAva ane Adarane kAraNe mane khoTI rIte na samajyA e mATe huM kharekhara RNI chuM. A dezanA saMkrAMtikALanI veLAe jIvavAno ane dezanAM kAryomAM bhAga levAno avasara sAMpaDyo e paNa eka moTuM sadbhAgya hatuM. rASTranuM svapna mUrtimaMta bane evuM to hajAro varSomAM kavacit ja banatuM hoya che. Scanned by CamScanner

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pariziSTa 2 211 mAruM ane mArI A peDhInA saunuM sadbhAgya hatuM ke rASTranA svapnane, svAdhInatAnA svapnane siddha thatuM amo najaronajara nihALavA bhAgyazALI banyA. A bahu moTI ghaTanA che. lAge che ke eka adbhuta prasaMga che. A jUnAM vItelAM varSone yAda karuM chuM ane najIkanAM varSono vicAra karuM chuM tyAre khinnatA anubhavuM chuM. tAjetaranAM varSomAM AvuM badhuM A dezamAM kema banyuM, kevI rIte banI zakayuM ema pUchavAnuM mana thaI Ave che. paramAtmA pAse prArthanA karuM chuM ke have kadIya A dezamAM AvuM na-bane. paNa mAtra prArthanAthI ja kArya pUruM thatuM nathI. A dezamAM koI kAramI kamanasIbI kadIya UtarI na paDe evuM kharekhara icchatA hoIe to ApaNe sahue kAMIka karavuM paDaze. atyAranI paristhitimAMthI AgaLa AvavuM hoya, pAra UtaravuM hoya to sahue sAthe maLIne kAma karavuM paDaze. jIvananA anubhavamAMthI zIkhyo chuM ke sarvanA sahakArathI ane samajAvaTathI ja sAruM pariNAma Ave che. amadAvAdamAM --gujarAtamAM to mahAjananI--vyApArI mahAjananI ane majUra mahAjananI-- paraMparA che, ane TakI rahI che. mahAjana eTale ja sahakAra ane samajAvaTa. ApaNe sahakAra samajAvaTanI ApaNI paraMparA barAbara jALavIe. samagra deza AgaLa teno namUno mUkIe jenAthI preraNA maLe. Ama thaze to mane lAge che ke UjaLA divaso UgI nIkaLaze. samAjamAM ane jIvanamAM, rAjakAraNamAM ane udyogamAM, vyApAramAM ane vyavahAramAM Aje sahakAra ane samajAvaTanI jarUra che. rAjapuruSo, udyogapatio, vyApArIo, kAmadAro ane grAhako saunAM hita sAmasAmAM nathI. sAmasAmAM athaDAvAmAM paNa nathI. saunAM hita saunA sahakAramAM ja che, saunI samajAvaTamAM che. ApaNe A bhAvanA samajavAnI che, sAkAra karI batAvavAnI che. jIvanamAM lAMbAM varSo jIvyA pachI ane sukhadu:khanA aneka prasaMgomAMthI pasAra thayA pachI mArI A anubhavanI vANI che. AzA rAkhuM chuM ke mArA dharmanAM, samAjanAM, rAjyanAM ane dezanAM sahu bhAIbaheno ane svajano A sAMbhaLe, samaje ane AcaraNamAM mUke. jIvananAM vividha kSetromAMthI tame sau AvyA cho. tame mane sAMbhaLyo ane mArA pratye je sadbhAva batAvyo che te badala huM tamArA sarvano aMta:karaNapUrvaka AbhAra mAnuM chuM. Scanned by CamScanner

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pariziSTa 3 [1977mAM kastUrabhAI atula li.nA adhyakSapadethI nivRtta thayA tyAre temaNe laeNraholDaro samakSa rajU kareluM vaktavya ahIM mudrita karavAnuM kAraNa e ke atulanI sthApanAthI pote nivRtta thayA tyAM sudhImAM atule sAdhelA vikAsanI TUMkI paNa saMkalita rUparekhA ahIM upalabdha thAya che. te sAthe kApaDa-udyoganA anubhavamAMthI kADhelA tAraNano pote ahIM kevI saphaLa rIte viniyoga karyo hato te samajAya che. chevaTanA zabdo kaMpanInA karmacArIo pratyenI kuTuMbanA vaDIlanA jevI vatsalatAno sparza karAvI jAya che.] atula proDakaTsa li.nA adhyakSapadethI nivRtta thayA tyAre zrI kastUrabhAIe ApeluM pravacana: mAre A nivedana pUruM karatAM pahelAM tamone jaNAvavA mAMguM chuM ke meM tamArI kaMpanInA adhyakSapadethI nivRtta thavAno nirNaya karyo che. A nirNaya nivRtta thavAnA mArA kAryakrama anusAra che. sane 1947mAM A kaMpanInI sthApanA thaI tyArathI tenA adhyakSa tarIke huM tenA vahIvaTa sAthe saMkaLAyelo chuM. adhyakSa tarIkenI javAbadArIo adA karavA meM yathAzakti prayatna karyA che. adhyakSa tarIke mane tamo saune avAranavAra maLavAnI ane tamArA maMtavyo samajavAnI taka maLI che. 1947nI sAlamAM atulanI kaMpanI tarIke sthApanA karela. kArakhAnuM 15nI sAlamAM zarU ka. 1125 ekara jamIna upara patharAyelA atula pramANe che: thALI kaMpanIonI zarUAta ane AjanI sthiti nIce Scanned by CamScanner

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pariziSTa 3 213 AraMbhamAM rU. 1,00,00,000 rU. 24,63,433 mUDI utpAdana pro : DAijha 1976ne aMte rU. 4,2,00,000 rU. 30,49,33,307 DAyarekaTa DAijha, eNsiDa DAIjha ane salphara bleka DAijha inTara- phArmAsyuTIkalsa saphADAyejhAIna ane saphAthIyAjhola phArmAsyuTIkalsa inTaramIDIyeTsa pesTIsAIDa bejhIka inaoragenIka DAyarekTa DAijha, eNsiDa DAijha, netholsa, bejhInsa, saDAijha, DIsparsa DAijha, pIgeTsa, opTIkala brAiTanarsa. eca. esiDa, gammA eNsiDa, cIkAgo eNsiDa, beTA nethola ane bIjA ghaNA inTaramIDIye. kavInIoko klora, nIkethamAiDa, meneDIyona sekerIna vagere. mezyala DAyakaloro esITeTa ityAdi. 2, 4-DI. sakyurIka eNsiDa, olImasa, klorosalphonIka eNsiDa, kaoNsTika soDA, kaoNsTika poTAsa. soDIyama salphAIDa, klorina, hAiDroklorika eNsiDa, phaoNspharasa TrIklorAIDa vagere. rU.47,95,11,097 rU. 3,46,00,000 rU. 25,33,40,778 (grosa) rU. 425,22,729 (neTa) rU. 17,84,696 vicANa: nikAsa: askayAmato: rU. 1,60,45,972 napho: rokANa: bIjI kaMpanIomAM - rU. 2,40,071 rU. 3,37,96,010 Scanned by CamScanner

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214 paraMparA ane pragati AraMbhamAM 1976ne aMte rojagArI: atulamAM 2640 1 337 2840 bIjI kaMpanIomAM: AjathI 25 varSa pahelAM A 1125 ekaranI moTAbhAganI jamIna upara mAtra ghAsa UgatuM hatuM. pIvAnA ane khetInA pANInI achata hatI. AjubAjunA vistAramAM rojagArInI tako ghaNI jUja hatI. AdivAsI pradezamAM Avela A vistAramAM sAmAjika jIvana paNa kSubdha hatuM. e jagyAe pAra nadI upara eka baMdha bAMdhI 21 karoDagelana pANI mAya evo baMdha banAvI 1 lAkha karatAM paNa vizeSa vRkSothI thayelI vanarAji, rahevAnA nAnAmoTA, suMdara ane najIvA bhADe ApelA vasavATo, bAlamaMdirathI mAMDI anusnAtaka sudhInuM zikSaNa ApatI saMsthAo, davAkhAnAM, baeNnka, polIsa sTezana, sArA rastAo, vAhana vyavahAra, atulanuM relave sTezana, kUvAomAM jaLavAi rahetI pANInI sapATI, kulle 5500 mANasone maLelI rojagArI ane tene kAraNe, vikaselA nAnAmoTA bIjA udyogo ane sarvisIsa, 25 varSamAM thayeluM A moTuM sAmAjika parivartana che. strIone paNa maLelI rojagArInI takone kAraNe Arthika svataMtratAnA kAraNe, temano sAmAjika mobho ane jIvana AmUla badalAI gayuM che. TuMkANamAM kahIe to jaMgalamAM maMgalanI sthApanA thaI che. atulanI thayelI pragati AthI vizeSa thaI zakI hota ke kema te aMge judA judA abhiprAyo zakya che. A vivAdamAM nahi UtaratAM je kAMI pragati thaI che temAM keTalIka vyaktio, saMsthAo, nirNayo ane nItiono phALo sImAstaMbha samAna che. temane Aje yAda karI huM RNamukta thavA mAguM chuM. huM svargastha zrI dhIrajalAla bhUlAbhAI desAIne aMjali ApuM chuM. te amerikana sAInemAIDa nAmanI moTI audyogika kaMpanIne hiMdustAnamAM udyoga sthApavAmAM rasa che evo prastAva lAvelA. mane yAda che ke amerikana sAInemAIDanA vAIsa presiDenTa zrI esa. sI. mUDIe ArSadraSTAnI vANImAM mane jaNAvyuM ke raMgarasAyaNanA udyoganA vikAsane koI sImA hotI nathI. mATe A Scanned by CamScanner

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pariziSTa 3 215 * udyoganI sthApanA karatI vakhate khUba vizALa jagA, rojanA be thI traNa karoDa gelana pANInI suvidhA ane teTalA ja pramANamAM gaMdA pANIno nikAla thaI zake tevI zakyatAone najaramAM rAkhIne jagyAnI pasaMdagI karajo. zrI mUDInI AvI dUraMdezI dRSTine kAraNe ja atulanuM ATalA pramANamAM Ayojana kareluM. atulanA vikAsano yaza temanA phALe jAya che. - bhUtapUrva janarala menejara zrI bI. ke. majumadArano phALo atulanI sthApanAthI tenA Ajadina sudhInA vikAsamAM ananya rahyo che. temaNe jamInanI mojaNI saMpAdana karI sAthe kArakhAnuM sthApanA divasarAta kArya karyuM. temaNe temanI badhI ja rAjakIya, zaikSaNika ane sAmAjika pravRttio ane amadAvAda zaherano vasavATa choDyo. temaNe valasADane temanuM kAyamI nivAsasthAna banAvyuM. jaMgalane maMgala banAvavAmAM ane bIjI audyogika, sAmAjika ane zaikSaNika suvidhAo UbhI karavAmAM temano savizeSa phALo che. 1953mAM hiMdI sarakAranA vANijya maMtrI sadgata zrI TI. TI. kRSNamAcArI atulanuM kArakhAnuM jovA AvyA. teo khUba prabhAvita thayelA. temaNe mane pUchayuM ke zA mATe tame atulanuM moTA pAyA upara vistRtikaraNa karatA nathI? meM javAba Apyo ke mArI pAse te mATe nANAM nathI. temaNe sUcana karyuM ke mAre temane dilahImAM maLavuM. te vakhate zrI sI. DI. dezamukha nANAMpradhAna hatA. teo paNa mane sArI rIte oLakhatA hatA. temaNe mane pUchayuM ke atulanA vistRtikaraNa mATe keTalAM nANAMnI jarUra che. meM traNa karoDa rUpiyAno aMdAja jaNAvyo. hiMdI sarakAre atulane 4 TakAnA vyAje 11 varSanI mudatanI traNa karoDa rUpiyAnI lona ApI. mane pAchaLathI vicAra Avyo ke meM pAMca karoDa mAgyA hota to mane maLyA hota. atulanA vikAsamAM hiMda sarakArano, zrI kRSNamAcArI tathA zrI dezamukhano moTo phALo che. AvI moTI lona A zarate na maLI hota to atulano TUMkA samayamAM jeTalo vikAsa thayo teTalo na thayo hota. atula borDanA DirekaTara sAhebo, teno adhikArI varga, sTApha tathA kArIgarabhAIoe atulane temanuM potAnuM kArakhAnuM gayuM che ane tenA vikAsamAM sAtha Apyo che. temanI zANI salAha, kAryadakSa, sahRdayI ane santa parizramabharI sevAo anula mATe gauravano viSaya che. temano phALo nAnosUno Scanned by CamScanner

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216 paraMparA ane pragati nathI. e ja pramANe zeraholDara sAheboe haMmezAM kaMpanInA vahIvaTamAM vizvAsa mUkyo che. jyAre jyAre vahIvaTadAroe navI mUDI bahAra pADavAnA nirNayo karyA tyAre tyAre tene saharSa vadhAvI lIdhA ane bharaNuM haMmezAM chalakAvI dIdheluM. sTeTa benka opha InDiyA, nANAMkIya nigamo tathA anya benko paNa Dibencara anDara rAITa karIne tathA anya nANAMkIya savalato pUrI pADIne atulanA vikAsamAM sahAyarUpa thayA che. kaMpanInA vahIvaTamAM tenA DisTrIbyuTaroe ghaNo yazasvI bhAga bhajavyo che. moTA bhAganA DisTrIbyuTaro atulanI menejamenTa sAthe zarUAtathI ja gADhapaNe saMkaLAyelA che. temanI sAthenA saMbaMdho kauTuMbika kakSAe ane sumadhura rahyA che. teo paNa atulanI mahattvanI siddhinA bhAgIdAro che. " videzI sahayogIo sAthenA ApaNA saMbaMdho mIThA ane saujanyabharyA rahyA che. atulanuM kAmakAja amerikana sAInemAIDanA sahayogathI zarU thayuM. sIbA joDe paNa zarUAtathI ja sahayoga hato. tyArabAda iMgleMDanI AI.sI.Ai. kaMpanI taraphathI ApaNane darakhAsta maLI ke ApaNe temanI bhAgIdArImAM veTa raMgo banAvavA joIe. zarUAtamAM amerikana sAine mAiDanI anicchA hoI ApaNe AgaLa vadhyA nahi. paraMtu pAchaLathI sAInemAIDe saMmati ApatAM ApaNe AI.sI.AI. joDenI bhAgIdArImAM aTIkanI sthApanA karI. sIbA joDe sahayogamAM sIbAnula sthapAyuM. A bAbatamAM Ai.sI.AI.nA sara mAIkela kalephAmano ene sIbAnA Do. robarTa kapelIno phALo noMdhapAtra che. A traNe videzI kaMpanIo joDenA saMbaMdho uttarottara vadhu gADha thatA rahyA che. AnuM kAraNa e che ke ApaNe dhaMdhAnA vistRtikaraNa karatAM ApaNA saMbaMdho tarapha vadhAre dhyAna ApIe chIe. kApaDa udyoganA anubhavamAMthI amo traNa nIti viSayaka tAraNo para AvelA: (1) mAlanI kiMmata karatAM tenI guNavattA (quality) ane te paNa ekadhArI guNavattA e vadhAre agatyanI cIja che. mAla sAro haze to bhAva maLavAno ja che. atule tenA mAlanI guNavattA sAtatyapaNe jALavI rAkhI che. te kAraNe atulanA mAlonI maMdInA vakhatamAM paNa dezavidezamAM sArI mAMga rahelI che. tenA dezaparadezanA vAparanArAo atulanA mAlanI leboreTarImAM Scanned by CamScanner

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pariziSTa 3 217 kAsaNI karavI aupacArika lekhe che. (2) bIjI vAta che mArkeTIMga polisI. kaMpanInI sAthe kAma karanAra koI paNa vepArIne nukasAna na jAya tevI satata takedArI rAkhavAnI nIti ApaNe anusaryA chIe. mAlanA bajArabhAvo vadhyA hoya chatAM ochA bhAvanA sodAono haMmezAM amala karyo che ane kyAreya TUMkA gALAnA lAbhothI calita thayA nathI. AnA kAraNe atulanI sAthe dhaMdho karanArA vepArIono atule acalita vizvAsa saMpAdana karyo che. (3) adhikArI vargane pUratA pramANamAM sattA ane javAbadArIo soMpavAmAM AvyAM che ane menejamenTa haMmezAM temane paDakhe UbhI rahI che. A nItine kAraNe kaMpanIne vizvAsu, prAmANika ane kAryadakSa adhikArIo maLyA che ane tene lIdhe teoe kaMpanInI nokarIne jIvanaparyaMtanI kArakirdI banAvI che. - bIjA udyoganI sarakhAmaNIe khAsa karIne raMgarasAyaNanA udyogamAM kArIgaronuM svAthya ane vyavasAyajanya roga e agatyano prazna rahe che. 1960-61nI sAlamAM ApaNe ApaNA DaoNkaTara dazaratha desAIne A kSetranI khAsa tAlIma arthe videza mokalelA. tene kAraNe rasAyaNika udyogamAM kAma karatA ApaNA kArIgaronuM svAthya vyavasAyajanya rogonI bAbatamAM saMtoSakAraka rahyuM che. AjathI 15-20 varSo pUrve vyavasAyathI thatA roga aMge hiMdustAnamAM bhAgye ja koI vahIvaTadAroe AvI kALajI lIdhI haze. kAmadAra ane karmacArIonA lyANamAM kaMpanInuM kalyANa raheluM che te nItinuM A eka javalaMta udAharaNa che. ' huM mAruM vaktavya pUruM karyuM te pahelAM be anicchanIya prasaMgono ullekha kare te asthAne nahi lekhAya, pahelo prasaMga 1958nI sAlamAM banelo. pAMca mAsanI haDatAlano ane bIjo zeraholDara sAhebo sAthe 1973nI sAlamAM DiviDanDanI bAbatamAM thayelo manadu:khano prasaMga. A baMne prasaMgomAM je koI kArIgarabhAIone ke zeraholDarabhAIone kAMI du:kha pahoMcyuM hoya te badala huM dilagIra chuM ane temanI kSamA cAhuM chuM. mane AzA che ke mane maLelA sahakAra ane prema saunA taraphathI mArA anugAmIone maLI raheze ane teo chellAM pacIsa varSa daramyAna sthApelI ujajavaLa praNAlikAo jALavaze ane kaMpanI uttarottara pragati karaze. Scanned by CamScanner