Nahta Bandhu Abhinandan Granth

Author(s): Dashrath Sharma
Publisher: Agarchand Nahta Abhinandan Granth Prakashan Samiti

Page 590

The Quest for a Proper Perspective in
Vedic Interpretation Prof. N. M. Kansara,
Ahmedabad The general impression that the proper interpretation of the Vedas is fraught with innumerable difficulties has persisted since the time of Yāska--about the eighth century B. C. Yaska's Nirukta, Pāṇini's Astādhyāyi, and the Vedic commentaries of Skandasvami, Udgitha, Venkatamadhava and Sāyaṇa do help us to some extent in affording a hazy glimpse into various aspects of the teachings of the Rgveda. But the difficulty lies in the fact that there is a yawning gap of at least a thousand years between, on the one hand, the authors of the abovementioned Vedāngas and, on the other hand, the original seers of the Mantras; and this has mooted the question as to whether the commentators who came much later in point of time could have grasped the original sense or flavour of the Vedas.
Western Indologists have been constantly hurling this question, with renewed vigour, on our face since more than half a century. And a few indigenous supports too were quite handy for their purpose : Thus, Kautsa in Yaska's Nirukta is held to have branded the Mantras as "meaningless";ï the Muņdakopnişad relegated the Vedas to an inferior position in comparison to the Upanişadic lore, the Bhagavadgită was found to have thoroughly thrashed the Vedas as being mere "flowery speech" of the immature fools. And, finally, the ritualistic interpretation of the Rgveda at the hand of no less an indigenous scholar like Säyana confirmed and ultimately uprooted the possible hope of ever searching for, or discovering, any mystic or philosophical values, except a few stray and crude ideas in it. The dictum of multifarious interpretative tendency (sarvatomukhā vai vedah) as inherent in the Vedas, and resorted to by the commentators to extract their own outlook or interpretation, has added to the already prevalent confusion. The rejection of the Vedas as unauthoritative by the Buddhists and the Jains since
1. Yaska's Nirukta, I, v, 15:47 : Hosti: 2. Mundakopanişad, I, 4-5: fall afeta fat H agfaat aafa ya #att 711811
तत्रापरा ऋग्वेदो यजुर्वेदः सामवेदोऽथर्ववेदः शिक्षा कल्पो व्याकरणं निरुक्त छन्दो ज्योतिषमिति । अथ परा यया
तदक्षरमधिगम्यते ।।५।। 3. Bhagavadgitā, II, 42 : wat gfsat art wala mahafar: 1 FTATCHAT: Flori *aaafar
à Il etc., and II, 45 : iguata act:...etc.
इतिहास और पुरातत्त्व : १०१