Mahavira Jain Vidyalay Suvarna Mahotsav Granth Part 1

Author(s): Mahavir Jain Vidyalaya Mumbai
Publisher: Mahavir Jain Vidyalay

Page 511

50 : SHRI MAHAVIRA JAINA VIDYALAYA GOLDEN JUBILEE VOLUME
first all the Sabdakośa at his disposal and Sanskrit pandits as well, the encyclopaedic knowledge of whom was proverbial in those days. They will have drawn his attention to the Sanskrit root tay (tayate) "to go towards, to protect” 17 and tāy (tāyate, Pass. tan) “to spread, proceed in a continuous stream of line" and (= trai) “to protect". To this group the aorist forms atāyi and atāyista also belong mentioned in the Kaśikā (7th cent. A.D.) to Pāṇini III.1.61, further tāyana "proceedind well, successful progress” in Pāṇini (5th cent. B.C.) 1.3.38: vrttisargatāyanesu kramah || We see that there is a Sanskrit root tay and tāy, which would easily present itself to a man, who was concerned with tāyin. Once tāyin was connected with Sanskrit root tāy no necessity was felt to sanskritize a term, which was regarded as Sanskritic from the origin of its root. This seems to be the reason, the main reason that the originally Prakritic term tāyin survived unchanged in Buddhist and in Jain Sanskit texts as well, as we will see later. This viewpoint is fully confirmed by the great Jaina lexicographer Śrī Hémacandrācārya (12th cent. A.D.) who teaches in Abhidhānacintamani IV. 24: Tāyikas Tarjikäbhidhäh, commenting on that: tāyante Tayikāḥ | tarjayanti Tarjikāḥ 1118 “The Tāyika [are those who] protect (or spread), the Tarjika [are those who] threaten."
Hemacandrācārya's Haimadhātupārāyaṇam clearly attributes the meaning of "protecting” to tayi: tayi nayi rakşane ca ca-kārād gatau tayate teye tayita nin cāvasyaketi ņini täył || (1.797) Land: tāyrd samtāna-palanayohl samtānaḥ prabandhaḥ | tāyate tataye tayită.... 19 nin cāvaśyaketi nini tāyī || (1.806) 1120
These examples show that the meaning “protector” was attributed to tāyin on the ground that lexicographers connected it with the roots tay and tãy which were regarded as Sanskrit roots. This also explains the fact that Tibetan translators translate skyob-pa="protector" wherever they meet täyin. There is a fixed tradition about tāyin =
17 Cf. Monier-Williams, Sanskrit-English Dictionary, repr. Oxford
1951. 18 The Abhidhānacintāmani of Kalikala Sarvagna Shri Hemachandra
charya by Hargovindas and Behechardas, Bhavnagar, Veer era
2441, p. 383. The corresponding note in PW is incomplete. 19 The following text refers to Pāṇini III. 1.61 and to its Kāśikā. This
passage is omitted by me. 20 The Dhātupatha of Hemacandra, ed. by Joh. Kirste, Wien Bombay
1901, p. 97 and p. 98.