Mahavira Jain Vidyalay Suvarna Mahotsav Granth Part 1

Author(s): Mahavir Jain Vidyalaya Mumbai
Publisher: Mahavir Jain Vidyalay

Page 706

PHONETICS & GRAMMAR AS FOUND IN THE BHAGAVATI SŪTRA : 235
Assimilation of vowels :
There takes place sometimes the assimilation of the vowels of the neighbouring syllables to one another in certain cases, e.g., usu (7-9-303) = isu, puhutta (1-2-20) = prthaktva, etc.
Anusvāra : : Anusvāra is of common use in the language of the Bhagavati Sūtra. Anusvāra is frequently added to the adverb after the final vowels, e.g., uppim (1-6-54), uvarillam (1-6-54) and it is also added to the final a in the case of instrumental singular of the masculine and neuter a stems, e.g., teņam, kālenaṁ (1-6-53), etc., and in that of the nominative and accusative plural of the neuter, & in the genitive plural of all stems of masculine and neuter gender and in other cases, e.g., neraiyānam (1-1-10) = nairatikāņām.
Consonants :
(1) Vocalization of sounds : There takes place the vocalization of intervocal consonants. Intervocal consonant ka becomes vocalized and forms ga, e.g., asogavana (1-1-19) = aśokavana, ägäsa (2-10-118) =ākāśa.
(2) Dropping of intervocal consonants : In many cases there is found the tendency of dropping the intervocal weak consonants, e.g., nayare (1-1-4) = nagaram, loe (1-6-53) = lokaḥ, āure (25-7-801) = aturaḥ.
(3) But the intervocal ga often remains, e.g., agara (15-1-541), aņagāra (15-1-541).
(4) Intervocal ca and ja are dropped and ya is added as ya śruti in order to make the pronunciation easy, e.g. pāvayana (9-33-384) = pravacana, āyariya (15-1-547) = ācārya, attaya (9--33-381) = ātmaja (5) ta between two vowels remain, e.g., bhavati (14-6-520), viharati (15-1-540), namamsati (15-1-544). (6) Intervocal 'da' remains in most cases, e.g., padesa (2-10-119) = pradeśa, vadamānassa (7-2-271). (7) In place of intervocal pa it is dropped and va is added to the udvịtta vowel in place of pa, e.g., pāva (1-4-40) = păpa, uvanīya (11-11-430) = upanīta, āhevacca (18-10-647) = ādhipatya. (8) Intervocal ya remains often, e.g., piya (9-33-383) = priya, sāmāyiya (2-1-93) = sāmāyika.
Change of initial consonant :
(1) In the initial syllable the consonant 'ka' especially becomes kha in the word 'khujjahim' (9-33-380) for Skt. kubjaiḥ'. (2) The