Mahavira Jain Vidyalay Suvarna Mahotsav Granth Part 1

Author(s): Mahavir Jain Vidyalaya Mumbai
Publisher: Mahavir Jain Vidyalay

Page 712

PHONETICS & GRAMMAR AS FOUND IN THE BHAGAVATI SÜTRA : 241
Optative :
Hojjā (1-5-44), avakkamejjā, etc. Causative :
Causative is formed by adding suffix āve to the root of the verb e. g., āghavei (8-3-22) (indicative); parivāveha (8-7-337), karāveha (11-1-428) (imperative). Some roots change their final vowels to e and lengthen their initial a, e.g., padeti (16-5-572). Passive voice :
It is formed by adding ijje to the root of the verb, e.g., avacijjai (1-10-80). Besides, there are some other forms, e.g., disai (9-33-396), muccai (9-33-386), cijjaħti (1-1-12), chijjamti (6-3-233). Participles :
Two kinds of participles are used, viz., present and past, the first is formed by adding māne or anta to the root and the second by adding the suffix iya, e.g., (I) dhāremāne (1-3-28), vemāņe (1-4-39), jalaṁta (11-9-417); (II) mae (1-4-40), jāe (12-7-457), kade (1-3-27). There are also potential participles formed by adding yavva or iyavva, e.g., ņeyavvam (1-10-81), vattavvayā (14-8-530), etc. Gerunds or absolutes :
They are used in different forms by adding ittā or ittīņam to the root and by adding ttu to it and also iya or aya is found to form them, e.g., vamdeittä (1-1-19), pāsittānam (11-11-428), kattu (2-1-92), nisamma (3-1-134), gahaya (15-1-547). Besides these, there occur some irregular absolutes, being imported from Sanskrit by phonetic changes, e.g., kiccă (1-1-19), soccă (3-1-134), āhacca (6-10-257), paducca (1-1-4). Infinitives :
They are formed by adding the suffix um and ittae, e.g., kāum (2-1-92), ciţthittae (5-4-199), uvadamsittae (6-10-255). Abstract nouns :
They are formed by adding the suffix tta, e.g., devattāe. Comparative degree :
It is constructed by adding tara, e. g., appatarāe (1-2-21). In the superlative there is found 'seyam' (3-1-134).
AZE
G.J.V. 16