________________
274
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[SEPTEMBER, 1888.
names of these latter only partially agree with mediæval Hindi means 'a cave,' and nothing their contents.
else. How is it then the equivalent of hujara, The following account of a portion of the first a courtyard ? I think the answer will be (svargavarga) will act as a specimen of the whole. found in the fact that Křishṇadása dealt with the The author begins, as a Sakadvipiya Brahman, Persian of India, In colloquial Hindustani I with the names of the sun (here the influence of have only met the word in one sense,-equivalent Akbar's Tláh religion shows itsell) and then to the slang use of the English. den.' It is used gives the names of God and of the evil spirits. in phrases like the following, - tum din rdt viz. dévata, paraméévara and asura, correspond hujaré mên ghuse rahte ho,' of a man who boorishly ing to ilahi, núrát, khuddya, ivlisa and saitana or sulkily shuts himself up in his house, and respectively. He mentions neither Allâh, nor refuses to see any one,– You remain day and Brahman, nor Vishņu, nor Siva. Yama, apsaras night hidden in your den." The metaphorical use and rikshasa, are given as the equivalents of of this word may well be explained by the Hindi Yavralla (the angel Gabriel !), pari and ddami- gupha, khára. Then we have neotar (piyusha) and the (313) jinah pdr hand. Prof. Weber says that kalpataru, corresponding to dvahayata and túvá. the use of parohana (ie, prarthana) in the Paradise is svarga (=vihista). Hell is naraka (= sense of saddle' is unsupported by other authori. dojakha), and Adam and Eva are Manu and his ties. Here, I think, we have another instance of griheśvari (!).
the author building-up a pseudo-Sanskrit word The Persian with which the author deals is the from the vernacular. Pardhan in Hindi mean, Persian (or rather the Urda) of Hindustan, full of anything on which a person rides. Thus, in a Arabic and Turki words, and sometimes even of well-known proverb, a donkey is called the washer. words of Hindu origin. Specimens of the latter
man's pardhan (see Bihár Peasant Life § 393.) class, which are given by the author as Persian, The word as explained by natives would include are words like varsdtan (the rains), jharokhd
the meaning of saddle.' In 605, parydna also (a window), tamvu (a tent) and so on.
is given as the equivalent of jina. The reading Owing to the Persian words being transcribed
of G. paldné is instructive as giving the form used in the Någari character, difficulty has been
by Vidy&pati Thakur, who wrote in the verna. experienced by the editor in identifying some
cular, A.D. 1400. Vidy&pati has even a verbal of them, especially as the Sanskrit translations
root palina 'to saddle." were often by no means clear. One or two of (385) Kharisha kamdúshu rasaklahu cha.these doubtful words are capable of being explained Prof. Weber suggests kanda (pl.) as meaning by a reference to the modern vernacular: e.g. "itching places ;' and rasaka (also in the plural) (18) takah dipalayê. The latter word is new as 'moist itching wounds.' In Bihar both words to Professor Weber, and he compares it with are still used, to express different varieties of the dipau, a row of lamps ;' tåka he fails to identify. same disease. Kandú is dry itoh,' and ras is It is the Arabic üs, "a recess in a wall.' The
moist itch.' taq is used especially for putting a lamp into, and
(478) valdpolas tu tülikd. Baldposh is an outer hence it is also call díwár or diwal, a corruption
garment. The Sanskrit dictionaries give tülikd of dipalaya, 'lamp-house'. Diwdr does not occur
as meaning 'a mattress filled with cotton. The in Hindustani dictionaries, being confounded with
meaning of 'outer garment' is not given. Again the Persian diwar, a wall.' It is, however, in
the missing link will be found in the vernacular, common use.
In south-east Bihår turdi means & light quilt (295) hujarah tu guphdydṁ sydt. As Professor containing less than a pound of cotton. These Weber accurately points out, means'a court
quilts are always worn as outer garments. Of.
Bihar Peasant Life, $ 731. yard;' regarding guphd he says, 'it is as yet unknown in Sansksit, of. Marathi gurphd, an
I regret that time does not permit me to make
more than these few suggestions, which, I need arbour, a bower, a cavern, a cave.' He suggests
hardly say, are offered with the heartiest admirathat guphd in Sanskrit means 'a courtyard.' I
tion for the learning and acumen displayed in would suggest that gupha in Sanskrit must have
this most useful book. Prof. Weber is to be meant 'a cave,' cf. guhd, which is apparently a Prakritized form of it, or else guphá is a falsely
congratulated on a work which, if possible, lends
an enhanced lustre to his great reputation. resuscitated Sanskrit manufacture from the apparently Pråkpit) guhd. Anyhow, gupha in
G. A. GRIERSON.
(Huri in the Punjab is used as the "abode," 1.c. dark mud hut, of a Mubammadan ascetic.R.C.T.)
Bid. 82, 3, Zaghaka chhala jd basaha palinala, inas. much as he has saddled his bullock with a tiger's skin."
