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MISCELLANEA.
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long career. It aims to reduce all existence of various Tauist gods, and at last it occurred into groups, to embrace nature, in all her to them to make use of images in the temples aspects, in one comprehensive whole, and of Confucius. At the time of the invention of to bring the universe, by means of steady printing, the art of wood-engraving became and profound thought, under the control of the common, in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. sage. It was in this field of thought that Con- In memoirs of Confucius, and in books confucius loved to expatiate when he was in the taining an account of his temple and tomb in maturity of his powers. With it harmonized, his native city, it became a common thing to not unsuccessfully, the philosophy of the Chung- introduce a portrait of the sage. This was yung, that is of the Invariable Mean, a book ideal rather than real; and it represents what published by his grandson, which contained the Chinese of the middle ages thought Conin it the philosophical principles held by fucius ought to have been in feature and in Confucius.
dress. The portrait of Confucius here given,- In the last scene the sage is standing before from a drawing (taken from Chinese wood- & tombstone, pencil in hand, inscribing the cuts) by a lady friend of the writer, is not name of an ambassador from the Woo country, of the Han dynasty tradition, but that of the who was buried there, and whom Confucius Sung dynasty, the result of later criticisms. praised for his economy in the expenses of his When Buddhism led the Chinese to be in love own funeral and for his acquaintance with the with idolatry, they made pictures and images mysteries of philosophy.
MISCELLANEA. PROGRESS OF EUROPEAN SCHOLARSHIP.
Chapter V.
of Christian anchorites. No. X.
VI. do. of Muhammadan kings Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen
and wise men. Gesellschaft (Journal of the German Oriental
of doctors and the Society.)
learned. (a) Vol. XL. Part III. (1886) :
VIII. do. of Arabian ascetics and Professor David Kaufmann opens the part
reverends. with an article on Ibn Saruk's Hebrew Dic
IX. Anecdotes of physicians, and of tionary, Menachem. He urges the necessity of
what is connected with them. critical editions of Hebrew works of the middle
X. Selected Fables concerning the ages. He takes the Menachem as his text, and shows
speech of irrational animals. the great differences between the printed text of
XI. Anecdotes concerning those who Filipowski (London, 1854) and the available MSS.
interpret dreams and deal in magic. The article is a purely critical one and cannot
XII. Anecdotes concerning rich and be summarized.
magnanimous and generous men. Signor L. Morales follows with an interesting
XIII. Anecdotes concerning covetous paper on the book of the Entertaining Stories
and avaricious men. of Bar Hebräus. The MS. containing this, forms
XIV. Anecdotes concerning men of busi. a portion of the Syriac Codex No. 173 of the
ness. Vatican Library, which was written in the year
XV. Merry anecdotes concerning mimes 1333 A.D. The collection contains about 700 sayings
and players. and anecdotes, some of which Bernstein has
XVI. Anecdotes concerning boorish and published in his Chrestomathia Syriaca. The work
stupid men. is divided into the following chapters; from each
XVII. Anecdotes concerning fools and of which the author gives extracts (text, translation
madmen. and vocabulary).
... XVIII. Anecdotes concerning thieves and Chapter I. Useful sayings of Greek Philoso
robbers. phers.
XIX. Wonderful anecdotes and adven. II. Useful sayings of Persian wise men.
tures. ... III. do. of Indian do.
XX. Physiognomical signs mentioned , IV. do. of Jewish do.
by the wise.
