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THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[NOVEMBER, 1988.
vying with his other) excellencies, residing men, headed by the circle of his elders (and) here, while his high holy office was continuing, including his parents, attain to perfect wisdom! he hoisted the banner of his fame on the two (L. 18).-As long as the tortoise bears the poles" (of his family) in Udichipatha (the ocean-girded mother of all beings; as long as northern region).
the sun with its fierce rays is shining, dispel(L. 17).- Whatever merit has been acquired ling the darkness; as long as the nights by the erection of this edifice,ac (which is), as present a pleasing appearance with the cool. it were, a staircase to_the city of salvation, splendoured (moon);- so long may the bright may through that the whole assemblage of fame of Viradêva be triumphant in the world.
THE TWELVE-YEAR CYCLE OF JUPITER. BY SHANKAR BALKRISHNA DIKSHIT; BOMBAY EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENT.
(Concluded from p. 7.) In the preceding remarks, my object has abdaḥ - "the revolutions of Jupiter, multibeen to explain concisely the system of the plied by the signs (twelve), (are) the years of Twelve-Year Cycle of Jupiter that is based on Jupiter, the first of which is Aśrayuja." And his heliacal risings; and the three methods for it is given, in very similar words, by Brahmadetermining the nakshatra with which the helia gupta, in his Brahma-Siddhanta, adhyâya xiii. cal rising takes place. I have now to make a verse 42,- Gara-varshány Aśrayujậd dvadasafew observations of a more general kind; gunita Guror bhaganah. In this role, the and to introduce the other authorities of which revolutions (hagana) are meant to be taken I have spoken at page 2 above. Before doing from the beginning of the Kalpa, or of a yo, however, I must refer more fully to another Mabaynga. But, for practical parposes, we system, which also has been incidentally men- need not go back so far. One Twelve-Year tioned, of naming the samvatsaras of the Cycle is completed in one revolution. And, Twelve-Year Cycle according to Jupiter's therefore, we can determine the saivatsara for passage from one sign of the zodiac into an a given year, or for any given date in it, by other, with reference to his mean longitude. taking Jupiter's signs, including the current
The rule for that which I have named sign, of the current revolution, and counting the mean-sign system, is thus given by the from Ásvaynja. In this system, the signs are first Aryabhata in his Arya-Siddhanta or intended to be taken, and in practice are taken, Aryabhatiya, Kalakriyapada, verse 4,- Guru- according to Jupiter's mean longitude. Now, bhagana rasi-guņás tv=Aśvayujada Garor suppose that on a certain day Jupiter's mean
3 valax, two polus,' or the two families (of his 107? expired: A.D. 1150-51). Its date, therefore, lica father and mother).
somewhere between these two limits. In the first verec » According to Himachandra's Aufkirtlastitgrah of it, the author calls himself Aryabhata : and his work, the word kirli also means'a palace' or 'temple I a Sidihanta, withont Laghu or any other epithet. In a (premd=kirlaw), and this clearly in the Renno in manuscript copy of it, I find that it is named Mihi. which it has been employed here. kwala, according Siddhantu at the end of some chapters, and Laghu-Arya. to the lexicographers, also is synonymous with punya.
Siddhanta at the end of others. For the sake of dit! There are two distinct and separate works, each tinction and convenience, it is better to call the author Learing the name of Aryabhata as its author. The one
of these two works, the first and the second Aryabhata. published by Dr. Kern contains one hundred and The numbers of the revolutions of the planets, &c. given, eighteen verses in the Ary& metre, and is called
as belonging to the Ary-Siddhanta, in the Rev. E. Bur. Aryabhatiya in general and by the author himself; but
gess' Translation of the Surya-Siddhanta, and in some it may, and justly so, be called Arya-Siddhanta ; and
instances those given by Prinsep (Prinaep's Erray, Vol. it is called 60 by many Hindu astronomers. II. Useful Tablos, p. 153) as belonging to the same autho. The date of this work is Šaka-Sarvat 421 cx
rity, bolong really to the second Aryabhata. Probably, pired (A.D. 499-500). The other, which, I believe,
when thoue gentlemen wrote, they had not themselves seen has not yet been printed, contains about six hundred
the Siddhanta of the Srst Aryabhata. Gen. Sir A. Cunning. and twenty-five verses in the AryA metre, divided
ham, also, was not, it reen, aware of the two different into eighteen chapters. This is the work that is usually Árabhaas when he wentadian Bran 891 6 ord called the Laghu-Arya-Siddhinta. The date of it is not given. But, from internal evidence, I find that it
ing to Warren the number of days assigned by Arya
bhata to a Maháyuga of 4,320,000 years is 1,577,917,500 is later than the Brakma-Siddhanta of Brahmagupta
in the routh of India and 42 more in the MSS. preserved (Saka Sarivat 550 expired; A.D. 628-20); and there is a in Bengal." Of these two numbers, the former belongs reference to it in the Siddhanta-siromani (Saka-Saravat to the first, and the latter to the second Aryabhata.
