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278
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[OCTOBER, 1888.
for three. Eighteen in his profit. Say now, pravritti is explained in the solution of an what was bis capital ?
example to the 26th sútra to 'mean the original Statement : and ; (are the rates of pur- amount, the stock or capital.' In that example chase and sale); 18 is the profit.
the original amount is required to be found, Solution may be thus restored) :-"With
and it is then shown to be 81,to which is added the sale (the purchase shonld be divided);"
the remark ésa pravsittir ity arthah, this is
the original amount, that is the meaning of it.' the rate of purchase is that of sale is ,
In this sense of the original amount,' the dividing with the latter, we get G + jor) ; word pravritti does not appear to be noted in subtracting 1 from , we get this, being
any Sanskrit dictionary. The meaning,
however, is readily deducible from the root of divided (or inverted), becomes with this,
the word.-The term bhaktvá,'having divided,' multiplying (the profit 18), we get 24; this is
(or bhajét or bhaga) is technically applied to a the capital
fraction, when it is to be used as a divisor, Proof of this by the rule of three :-If seven
and directs the 'inversion of the fraction. are got for two, then how much is got) for
For example, if 24 is to be divided by the twenty-four, or in notation 2: 7 - 24: 84. This (i.e. 84) is sold. If for six are again got
direction given is, — divide ; and multiply it three, then how much is got) for eighty-foar, with 24,' where we might say, invert and or in notation 6: 3 = 84: 42; (hence) the
multiply with 24;' that is, x 24 = 40. original amount was 24, and the remainder of the property is 18; that is the profit.
2. Examples of sutra 25. In the 11th example NOTES.
the original quantity is 40 ; of this, or 13 s, is 1. On the terms pártha, dhánta, pravritti, paid as duty; the remainder is 263; of this bhaktvá.-The term pártha occurs very frequently in the fifteen examples of the 25th sutra.
or 6, is paid as daty; the remainder is 20; It is sometimes spelt pasta (as on Plate II), of this or 4, is paid as duty, the remainder is which spelling indeed occurs as often as pártha.
16. The three instalments of duty, 13; +63 + Once I also found the spelling pástha. Neither of the three words is found in any Sansksit
4, amount to 24. And 16 + 24 is 40.-The
| 13th example is similar to the 11th. The arithdictionary accessible to me. But it seems clearly to appear from the context that the
metical process had been given correctly in my meaning of the word must be series,' i.e.
previons note (p. 48 above); but, on reconsidera the series of the rates or proportions. I take
tion, I think, the exact meaning of the example pártha to be a synonym of párthakya (which is
is as now given. It is not the loss, but the given in the dictionaries), and a derivative of
remainder,' that is required to be found. The pritha in the sense of several' (like prithak).
method of the 25th sutra is based on the folThe form påsta, if it is not an error for partha,
lowing considerations ;--The original quantity I would take to stand for apásta (apa-asta),
is assumed to be one; then the remainder, after what is thrown away,' deduction. It will the first instalment of duty is paid, is 1-5 or be observed that the series of instalmente often if the quantity on which the second instalment refers, in the examples, 'to deductions' made (by of duty is paid, be assumed to be one, the way of wastage' or duty') from the original remainder after paying that instalment is 1- amount. This may explain, why pasta might be occasionally substituted for pártha. The
or; but the quantity on which it is really form påstha, I am disposed to think, is simply paid is; hence the proportionate remainder is an error for pártha, or for påsta if the latter
i.e. 1 : - ); similarly if the form be also admissible. The term dhánta is derived from the suffix dha and anta, and
quantity on which the third instalment is paid, means literally that which ends in dha,' (as
be assumed to be 1, the remainder, after paying dvidha, tridhd, &c.).' It hence comes to be that instalment, is 1- or, but the quantity equivalent to our instalment,'-The term on which it is really paid is the previous
