________________
OCTOBER, 1898.)
SACRED LITERATURE OF THE JAINS.
281
M
(anyasya déshapúrvani pradéydni tvayá na ki, form to the Gapadharas, Bo likewise in the v. 109)
Annyőgadvárastitra we find that the agama is In opposition to this information is the fact, divided into attá, ananitara and paranpará, that not only in anga 4 and in the Nandisutra, 1.e. (1) original doctrine, (2) doctrine that do we find a detailed table of contents of the has been received immediately from its author whole ditthivaa, including the 14 púrvas, but and (3) traditional doctrine. The first category also that partly in the just-mentioned places, belongs to the Titthagaras (plur.) alone unpartly in several other texts (Mahanišitha, conditionally; to their pupils, the Ganad haras, Anuyógado, Avasy. nijj.) the dualasangan it belongs only as far as the suttam (text) is garipidagam is repeatedly mentioned ; conse- concerned, while the Gañadharas, as regards quently the Ditfhivaa appears to have still the uttha (contents), possess the anaritará existed at the date of those texts, and moreover alone. The pupils of the Ganadharas possese, to have been still intact, since there is no mention as regards the suttam, the ananitara, as regards of any imperfection. The Bhadrabahu, to whom the attha, they have only the pura iparáo. the above-mentioned legend has reference, died, and after them only the latter (paraspardo) BO says tradition, 170 after Vîra, whereas in two exists; there is no longer atta® or anahtará of the texts, which mention the daválasangan According to the commencement of the ganipidagaw, there are contained dates which avach úri of the Oghaniryukti, [217] the activity
avach úri of the Oahaniruukti. 12171 the refer to a period later by 400 years. The of the dasapúrvin was already limited to the whole legend appears to me, after all, to be composition of sarigrahanis" to the upángas nothing more than an imitation of the Buddhist
etc. . legend of the council of Asoka etc., and thus We must however not omit to remark that to have little claim to credence.
for some texts of the Agama distinct Be this as it may, the legend manifests a authors are named, part of whom, at least, direct opposition between the 11 angas and are even considerably later than the daiapúrvin. the pervas. And in fact from the scholium on Upanga 4 mentions as its author Ajja-Sama, anga A we must conceive their inter-relation to | characterizing him as “the 23rd" (i.e. be as follows: the Tirthakara, he. Mahavfra "saint "after Vira") and as one who possesses -here is no thought of Rishabha ---Arst recited wisdom ripened through listening to the puvvás, to his Gapadhuras the contents of the purva- as being therefore in unison with the dittkiváa. gatasitras (whence the name párváni); where- The name of Jiņabhadda (Avasy. 14) belongs upon the Gañadhards on their part brought perhaps to a much later date. We have, the contents of the parvagatasútra into the however, no information of an exact nature form of the angas, achára, etc. According [216] | in reference either to him or to Virabhadra, to another view the Ganadharas first brought who was probably author of painna l. Sijjamthe púrvagatasrutam after its recital by the bhava, presumably author of the third mula sútra Arhat, into a textual form, and afterwards and Bhadrabahu, to whom chhedasútra 3-5 directed their attention to the angas : dchára and other texts are ascribed, belong to the etc.15 Later on we shall return to the expla- chaturdasapúrvin, but not to the immediate nation of the name purva and the difference papils of the Ganadbaras, and consequently between asgas 1-11 and anga 12.
can lay claim to the parasparagama alone. In full agreement as we find here that the ac- Nevertheless their works, as those just mentual contents have been ascribed to the Arbat, tioned, are included in the existing agama. i.e. Tirthakara (cf. Av. 2, 13), but the external We must therefore accept the conclusion, that
atha kiin taṁ (tat!) parvagatam ? uchyat, yaamat purvarachitat, paschad achdra (here perhaps lacuna) tirthakaras tirthapravartankkale gañadharkņa Barva niryukty Am abhihitah: savvégi kyare padhamo ity-&di, stradhkratna pûrvagata Batr&dhiratvéns parve- tat katham uchyate, tatra sthkpanám Asritya tatho kalta) Jautrarthatn; the second satradhdogata is perhaps 'ktat, iha tv akshararachani pratitya bhapitan, par.
repetition of the scribe) bhAshste tasmkt porventti vini kritant 'ti. bhapitani, ganadharah punah frutarachan Ath vidadh And * damaphrvadhar spy upakarak, upamgadi(dináth AchArkdi kramena rachayanti sth payatti cha. Cf. also
C) sangrahanyaparachanena (nena hêtun& c). Wilson, Sel. W. 1, 285 ed. Rost (from Mahdvirachar. 3) : tritani ganadharair angebhyah purvam dve yat par
11 "He (KAlikacharya) is the 23rd personago from vint 'ty abhidhlyante tenai 'tani chaturdain .
Vira, including the 11 Ganadharas. In the Siddhanta 15 matartaréna tu pårvagatasútrartha(h) parvam he is called SykmArya."-Bhau Dajt in Jour. Bombay Br. arbata bblebiti, gapadharair api purvagatairutam eva | R. 48. 8. 9, 150 (1807).
