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THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
(OCTOBER, 1888.
Fleet then showed that the era in question was the towns and villages mentioned in the inscriptions. Chedi-Sarvat used by the Haihayas of Central His essays on the antiquities of Supârå and India, in which identification Pandit Bhagvånlal Padana, and on the Pandu Lena and the Hathi. acquiesced. His latest attempt to account for the gumpha inscriptions, show that he had directed occurrence of the Chêdi era in Gujarat, by the his attention to archæology, and prove an intim. assumption that it was established by the Abhira ate acquaintance with the various styles of king løvaradatta, and by the identification of the architecture and ornament. The famous disÅbhfras of Gujarat and Nasik with the Traikata- covery of the Supårå Stúpa, which he made kas and the Haihayas of Chêdi, is for the present together with Dr. J. MacNabb Campbell, will nothing more than an ingenious speculation. But perpetuate his name as that of an able and lucky his combinations are, though very bold, yet by no archæological explorer. means improbable; and it is very likely that his The great services which Pandit Bhagvanlal extensive unpublished paper on the Kshatrapas rendered to Oriental learning found also further of Western India, which will be published in the ready recognition. In 1883 the University of Journal Bo. Br. R. A. 8., will show them to be well Leiden granted to him, on the recommendation of founded. Another work on which he was engaged Professor Kern, the honorary degree of Doctor until his death, is a history of Gujarat from the of Philosophy. Shortly afterwards he was made earliest times until 1300 A.D. In addition to his an Honorary Member of the Koninklijk Institut services to the political history of India, those vor de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Neder. rendered by him to the history of the religious sects, landsch Indië, and of the Royal Asiatic Society of especially of the Jainas, deserve to be mentioned. Great Britain and Ireland. In 1886 the Chiefs Pandit Bhagvanlal was always a staunch adherent of Kathiâvad originally selected him as the deleof the theory that the Jainas are an independent gate to the Seventh Int. Or. Congress. He was, community, the latest development of which dates unfortunately, compelled to decline the offer on from the times of Buddha. He fully agreed with account of a very serious illness. Many of the me on this point when I told him, in 1876, that I most eminent Orientalists in India and Europe had found notices of the Tirthankara Mahavira in entered into correspondence with him, and the Buddhist Scriptures. Later he has shown that honoured him with their friendship. Since, of the Jains were the, or one of the ruling sects in late years, the annual migrations of European Kalinga during the times of the Chêta dynasty, Sanskritists to India became the fashion, his just as at the period of Hiuen Tsiang's visit; and house at Walkeshwar was one of the points of that the Udayagiri and Hathigumpha inscriptions attraction for them in Bombay. All those who belong to patrons of the Jainas. He also brought visited him, left him full of respect for his learnto notice the important Jaina inscription from ing, and enchanted with the readiness with which Mathura, which clearly proves the existence of he showed his treasures, and gave them advice and Jaina temples in that city during the first century assistance in their researches. He, on his part, B.O., and he first recognised that the Kah&um valued these visits more than any other honour pillar,erected according to its inscription in Gupta- shown to him. Only a few months ago, on January Samvat 141 or 460-61 A.D., is a Jaina monument. 6th, he wrote to me a warm letter of thanks, ex. On the Saiva and Vaishnava sects, he has only pressing his gratitude for my having procured him made occasional remarks. These show distinctly, the pleasure of acquaintance with our illustrious what he also has often, told me in private conversa colleague, M. E. Senart. Of my own personal intertion, that he did not agree with those who con. course with him, I have kept the most agreeable sider the religious movements in India to consist remembrances. After bis natural shyness and of the successive development of what is some his distrust of Europeans, which, I think, bad been times called Vêdism, Brahmanism, Buddhism, implanted artificially, were overcome, he became and Hinduism. He held the view, at which every | a most amiable companion, perfectly unreserved careful student of the real historical documents and truthful even in matters on which the majo. must arrive, that the Hindus have not proceeded rity of Hindus find it difficult to speak with full in so systematic a manner; but that many of the candour. In the autumn of 1876, and again in modern creeds existed almost in the same form July and August, 1879, we worked daily from 6 at the beginning of the historical period of India, to 9 in the morning-the only time I could spareand that many currents of religious thought and at the translation of his papers on the Numerals life have run on side by side since very early and the Nepalese Inscriptions. Our work was times. His papers contain also many valuable both times unduly protracted, because very notes on the geography of ancient India, and frequently antarakathds, as we used to call our numerous perfectly certain identifications of incidental conversations, drew us off from our
