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OCTOBER, 1888.)
SACRED LITERATURE OF THE JAINS.
279
remainder x!: hence the proportionate first case is illustrated by the 11th and 13th
examples; the second case, by the 14th example. final remainder is now x x (i.e. 1:
From these considerations the several steps *
* ), ors; and if the directed in the rule will be readily underoriginal quantity be assumed to be 1, the loss
tood : viz. (1) to subtract each rate of the series
from one; (2) to multiply the several instalmust amount to l orNow, if the amount of
ments thus obtained ; (3) to subtract the prothe loss is given, it follows that the proportionate
duct, thus obtained, from one; (4) to divide' original quantity is found by dividing the given i.e. invert) (either the product, obtained by the loss with or(as the rule says) by dividing' (i.e. second step, or the remainder, obtained by the inverting) * (i.e. ;), and multiplying the given
third step) and multiply by it (either the given
loss or the given remainder, as the case may be). loss with it ; for,: 1 = given loss : original It will be noticed that, in order to render the quantity. On the other hand, if the final re- rule as wide as possible, the particular manner mainder is given, the original quantity is found of applying the fourth step (i.e. the portions put by dividing the given remainder with, or by in brackets) is not stated in the role. This is dividing' i.e. inverting)
left to be learned from the examples, which (i.e. ») and mul
are given to illustrate the various applications tiplying the given remainder with it (for, : 1
of the rule. = given remainder : original quantity). The
WEBER'S SACRED LITERATURE OF THE JAINS.
TRANSLATED BY DR. HERBERT WEIR SMYTH. (From the Indische Studien, Vol. XVI. pp. 211-479, and Vol. XVII. pp. 1-90.) According 12117' to the conception of the ments in v. 434, which are rather general in modern Jains, their collective sacred texts character and obscure; and assert that during date back to the first Jina, Rishabha. the eight jinaintaras: Usahajiņirdáu ja Suvihi, The first trace of this view appears to be found 1.e. from Usaha 1 to Suvihi 9, there existed only in the concluding paragraph of the Nandi, in eleven angas, without the ditthivaa. which which the anunnd (anujna) is referred to Usab- stands in the twelfth place: muttúna ditthivdyan hasēņa," the 12 angas having in the passage havanti ikkárase 'va angáin. During [212] just before been enumerated as bhávánunná the following seven jinaritaras : Suvihijiná já and in an earlier passage, in which 8,400,000 Sariti, from Suvihi 9 to Samti 16. all twe painnas are attributed to Vaddhamâņasâmi, anyas were vuchchhinna. But during the last the scholium substitutes Rishabhasvamin. eight jinamitaras : Sartijiná já Virasi, from
The statements in four 436 in Nêmichan- Samti 16 to Vira 24, they were not vuchchhinna. dra's Pravachanasáróddhára 36, composed The ditthiraa was a second time lost : vuchin Priksit, on titthavuchchhéa (in four verses chhinn ditthiváô tahir. These statements are, inserted between 435 and 436), are, to a certain | it is true, obscure, yet become clear by means of extent, in agreement with the above. These verse 434,' which they are designed to explain. verses' are a detailed explanation of the state- According to this verse, all three statements
1 The Editors beg to acknowledge much valuable Adikarapurimatale (kale!) pavattia Usabhag nagna. assistance kindly given by Professor Leumann, of • See Ind.. Stud. 17, 15, note. Catalogue of the Berlin Strassburg, in taking this paper through the Press; Sanskrit and Prakrit M8. 2, p. 679. and the translator adds his acknowledgments for assis
In the commentary of Siddhasnaadri, composed tance of the same scholar in respect of the translation Sathyat 1242 (A.D. 1186) these vernos are not explained. from the German, also for some additional notes distin- but in the M8, which I have before me they are found guished by asterisms with the initial L put after them. in the text, page 212, in the middle of the page, and are
Tho figures in brackets indicate the pages of the counted in with the rest. original German article.
It runs: purimantima-atthaddha(atthattha!)-'rtarégu 3 Dharma Agara in his Kupakshakau ikiditva, in the (chaturvidáatês tirthakrit trayõviosatir @va 'rntarini Proceedings of the Royal Academy of Sciences, Berlin, of bhavanti) titthasse na 'tthi vôchchheu majihillaisu 1882, p. 813, 23 (I cite this essay of mine under the sattanu ittiyakalam tu voghchhêu || 434 I. Dr. Leumann abbreviation kup.) and Jacobi in this Journal, ante, informs me that the source of these statements is found Vol. IX. p. 161 (1880).
Bhagavati, 20, 8; cf. also Aray. 3, 16: padhamassa • Doubtless of secondary origin.
| Ginnesa) bárasamgarn, san' ikkirasamgasualanbho.
