Ganittilakam Savrtuttikam

Author(s): Hiralal R Kapadia
Publisher: Oriental Research Institute Vadodra

Page 38

INTRODUCTION
XXXVII
FOUR KINDS OF PRAMĀŅA (MEASURE) Anuyogadvāra (sūtra 131) mentions four types of pramā. ņa. These respectively refer to the four entities viz., (1) dravya, (2) ksetra, (3) kāla and (4) bhāva. Dravyapramāṇa is of two kinds: (1) prades'anispanna and (2) vibhāganispanna. Out of these the former has infinite varieties, while the latter has only five viz., (1) māna (measure by bulk), (2) unmāna (measure by weight), (3) avamāna (linear measure), (4) ganima (numerical measure) and (5) pratimāna (measure by weight). Ganima refers to calculation of numbers beginning with one and going up to a crore.
Māna is divided into two classes viz. (i) dhānya-māna and (ii) rasa-māna according as it deals with corn or a liquid substance like liquor. Each of these classes and unmāna, avamāna and pratimăna as well, provide us with tables of measurements as under:
I DHĀNYAMĀNAPRAMĀŅA 2 asatis = 1 prasști (pasaï) » prasştis = ;, setikā (setiyā) 4 setikās = „, kulaka(kulaä) „, kulakas = „ prastha (pattha) „ prasthas = „ ādhaka ( ādhaga) „ ādhakas =, droņa (dona)
= , jaghanya (jahnna) kumbha 80
= ,, madhyama (majjhima), IOO
=,, utkrsta (ukkosa) 800
*,, vāha
II RASAMĀNAPRAMĀŅA 2 catuḥşastikās* = I dvātriṁs'ikā (battīsiyā) 1 The Prākrit word for 'asati' is asai. 2 This is also known as “kudava'.
3 Those persons like Bharata and Sagara whose body is 108 times their own angula are said to be pramanayukta. They are also said to be mānayukta ; for, they will displace one droņa of water, if they enter a droni, a vessel full of water. Or if this vossel is wanting in water to the extent of one drona, it will have its wator up to the brim, when such persons enter it. This illustration referred to in Anuyogadvārasūtra (sūtra 133 ) and explained by Jinadāsa Gani in his cūrņi (p. 52) and by Yâkinimahattarādharmasūnu Haribhadra Sūri in his commentary (p. 77) on this sūtra, is likely to remind one about the principle of Archimedes. 4 The Prākrit word for "catuhşastikā' is caüsatthia,
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