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--261 ) EIGHT-NAMED (AȚTANĀMA)
89 260 [11]. What sort of woman sings in sweet (tone) ? What sort of woman sings in rough and harsh tone ? What sort of woman sings with skill ? What sort of woman sings slowly and quickly ? What sort of woman sings out of tune ? //54// [five-footed verse].
A woman 'with fair skin' (gori) sings sweet (songs). A woman 'with dark skin' (sama) sings rougly and in harsh tone. A woman of 'black colour' (käli) sings with skill. A 'one-eyed woman' (kana) sings slowly, and a 'blind woman' (amdhă) sings quickly. A woman of 'tawny colour' (pimgala) sings out of tune 1/55/) [five-footed verse].
There are seven notes, three musical scales, twenty-one melodies, forty-nine tones coming out of the (seven) strings, the totality of the notes are finished (here) //56//
This is the seven-named (object).
261. Then what is the eight-named ?2 The eight-named (objects) are illustrated as the eight kinds of the case-endings of words (in the following verses), viz.
(i) The first case-ending is used for indication (of the meaning of the word, including its gender and number, middesa), (ii) the second is used for advice (uvaesana), (iii) the third is used for instrument (karana), (iv) the fourth is used for the recipient of the gift, sampayāvana) //57//
(v) The fifth is used for the object from which (something) is separated (apāyāna), (vi) the sixth is used to indicate the relation of 'one's own and 'master (sassā mivāyana), (vii) the seventh is used to mean the receptacle (of something, sannidhāņa), and (viii) the eighth is used in addressing (āmamtant) //58//
Among these (eight), (i) the (example of the) fiirst case-ending in the sense of indication is 'he' (so), 'this (person)' (imo), or "I' (aham). (ii) The (example of the) second in the sense of advice is 'speak or make this (imam) or that' (tam) //59/!
(iii) The (example of the) third in the sense of 'instrument is '(this) was done or spoken by him (tena) or by me'. (mae). (This is apparently a case of third case-ending in the nominative sense. But if the preceptor is the ultimate doer, his subordinate monks are the instruments in learning the scripture or doing some work ordered by the preceptor. In this latter way, the case-ending under consideration may be taken in the instrumental sense). (iv) The example
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1. We have followed footnote 5 on p. 120 of the MJV edition, 2. Vide supra, sulta No. 208.
