Jain Dharm Jivan aur Jagat

Author(s): Kanakshreeji
Publisher: Jain Vishva Bharati
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/010225/1

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jainadharma : jIvana aura jagat sAdhvI kanakazrI ( sevA nikAya vyavasthApikA) jaina vizva bhAratI prakAzana

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svargIya pUjya pitAzrI rAmacandrajI sonI kI puNya smRti meM unake putra padamakumAra, vimalakumAra, sajjanakumAra cetanakumAra sonI sojataroDa (bambaI) ke artha - saujanya se prakAzita / dvitIya saskaraNa : 1997 mUlya : bIsa rupaye / prakAzaka : jaina vizva bhAratI, lADanU, nAgaura (rAja0 )/ mudraka : mitra pariSad, kalakattA ke Arthika saujanya se sthApita jaina vizva bhAratI presa, lADanU - 341 306 / JAINDHARM. JIVAN AUR JAGAT Sadhvi Kanaksri Rs 20.00

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AzIrvacana jaina-darzana kA nirUpaNa jIva aura ajIva-ina do tattvo ko AdhAra mAnakara kiyA gayA hai / dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla, pudgala aura jIva-yaha padravyAtmaka loka hai| isame jIva aura ajIva-dono kA samAveza hai| loka ke svarUpa ko adhigata karane ke lie chaha dravyo kA bodha Avazyaka hai| jIva pho usake sapUrNa vikAsa kI prakriyA se gujarane ke lie nau tattvo kA vodha Avazyaka hai| "jainadharma jIvana aura jagat" pustaka me dravyavAda aura tattvavAda kA sakSipta aura samIcIna svarUpa ujAgara huA hai / jJAna-prApti ke lie tIna vAteM jarUrI hai- jJAna dene vAlA vidvAna, jAna dAna kA mAdhyama sAhitya aura jijJAsu pAThaka yA zrotA / dekhA jAe to Aja tIno hI zreNiyo ke vyakti kama upalabdha hote haiM / nipkAma bhAva sa Thosa zAna dene vAle guru kahA hai ? jIvana-sparzI gambhIra sAhitya kahA hai ? gaharI jijJAsA rakhane vAle vidyArthI bhI kahA hai ? isa kSetra meM jo kamI AI hai, A rahI hai, usakI sapUrti ke lie vizeSa dhyAna dene kI apekSA hai| hamane apanI ora se isa trikoNAtpha abhiyAna ko gati dene kA lakSya banA rayA hai / phalata' yahA acche zikSaka, acchA sAhitya aura acche vidhApI upalabdha haiM / vatamAna ko ati vyasta jIvana-zailI me jaina-darzana kA Thosa adhyayana karane ke lie kucha avakAza rahe, isa dRSTi se "jana-vizva bhAratI" phe samaNa saskRti sakAya kI ora se "janavidyA" ke sAtha patrAcAra pAThamAlA kA eka sArthaka kAryakrama calAyA jA rahA hai| sAhitya-leyana ke kSetra meM hamane apane dharmasagha kI sAdhviyo ko vizeSa rUpa se prerita kiyA / aneka sAdhviyoM ne usa preraNA ko paphamA aura lekhana meM rama liyA / sAdhvI kanakadhI unameM eka hai / vaha adhyayanazIla hai, prapara gharatA hai aura acchI leyikA hai| vaha apane lekhana ko adhika gatigola banAe / isave sApa merI yaha bhI apekSA hai ki gabhIra aura Thoma sAhitya pe pAThako ko sakhyA meM abhivRddhi ho / jaina vizva bhAratI, gaNAdhipati tulasI 1 maI, 1996

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magala-saMdeza prastuta pustaka me jaina-dharma ke mAdhyama se jIvana aura jagat ko samajhane kA prayatna hai| jIvana ko samajhane ke lie jagat ko samajhanA jarUrI hai aura jagat ko samajhane ke lie jIvana kA samajhanA jarUrI hai| dono mApekSatA hai, parasparatA hai isalie eka yo samajhe binA dUsare ko samajhA nahIM jA sktaa| jagat astitvavAdI avadhAraNA hai aura jIvana vyavahAravAdI athavA upayogitAvAdI avadhAraNA / jagat kA svarUpa hai-dravyavAda / dravya phI mImAmA karane vAle kA darzana vizuddha, dRSTikoNa samIcIna bana jAtA hai / dazana-zuddhi AcAra-zuddhi kA srota banatI hai / yaha vacana mananIya hai dayie dasaNasuddhI dasaNasuddhassa gharaNa tu / sAdhvI kanavazrI ne dravyavAda aura AcAravAda-dono ko eka mAlA meM pirone kA prayatna kiyA hai| yaha sAthaka prayatna hai| jIvana aura darzana kI po dizAgAmitA vAMchanIya nahIM hai| apekSA hai jIvana-darzana kii| darzanazUnya jIvana (AcAra aura vyavahAra) aura jIvana-zUnya darzana samasyA kA samAdhAna nahIM banate / jIvana aura dazana kA samanvita prayoga naI dhArA ho sakatI hai, kintu Aja yaha upekSita ho rahI hai| darzana-zAstra aura AcArazAstra ye madhya lakSmaNa-rekhA pIcanA sagata abhiyojana nahIM hai| gaNAdhipati zrI tulasI ne sAdhvI-samAja ko adhyayana, adhyApana aura lepana kI dizA me naI gati dI hai| phalata aneka sAdhviyo ke caraNa isa digA meM Age bar3he haiM / sAdhvI kanakadhI kA hindI bhASA para adhikAra hai aura damana epa ApAra pe viSaya kA adhyayana hai| unakI lekhanI ne bhASA aura viSaya-dono kI samyag yojanA kI hai| vikAsa ke lie bahuta avakAza hai, kintu jo hai, vaha apane bApa meM ramaNIya hai, pAThaya pe lie upayogI hai| AcArya mahApraja jana pizya bhAratI, sAnU (rAja.)

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purovAk jana tattva-darzana bhAratIya citana aura AdhyAtmika jIvana-zailI kA pratinidhi darzana hai / vaha zuddha artha me mokSa-darzana hai, adhyAtma-darzana hai, phira bhI ugakA tatya-nAna atyana vaijJAnika hai| jaina-darzana kI avadhAraNA me molina-tattva To hai-jIva aura ajIva athavA jaDa aura cetn| ina dono kA sayoga hI sasAra hai tathA viyoga mokSa hai / mokSa kA mUla hai sym-saadhnaa| usake lie jIva ajIva kA bodha Avazyaka hai| jaina tattva-vidyA kA pallavana panhI do dhruvo se huA hai| zAstrakAra likhate haiM--- naMphAlya dravyapaTaka, navapadasahita jIvapaTakApalezyAH, paJcAnye dhAstikAyA prata samitigati jJAna cAritra bhedA. / ityetanmokSamUla vibhavanamAhitaM prokta mahaMdi rorA, pratyeti pradadhAti spRzati gha matimAn ya.sa zuddhivRSTiH / / kAliya astitva vAle chaha dravya, no padArtha, par3ajIva nikAya, chaha nepayA, paJcAstikAya prata, samiti, gatighaka, jJAna aura cAripa-yaha mokSamUlaka jJAna lokatraya pUjita ahaMto dvArA pratipAdita hai| jo prANI isa dharma para pratIti karatA hai, zraddhA karatA hai aura isakA pAlana karatA hai, vahI guTa joyanadRSTi sapanna hai| natima, saritiyA eva AdhyAtmika mUlyoM kI surakSA ke lie apekSita hai jaina tattva-vidhA pe sAtha yuvA-manIpA kI savAditA sthApita ho, isase AdhyAtmika, sadAcAra sampanna, jijJAsu aura tattvajJa vyaktitvo kA nirmANa ho patA hai / jainadharma aura darzana kI mauliphatA surakSita rahe, gvAdhyAya bI epha piziSTa zailI kA janma ho, isa dRSTi se gaNAdhipati pUjya guradeva zrI tulagI dhAvaka namAja meM svAdhyAyazIlatA aura taravaraci kA alaya paTa ropalA pAte hai| paramapUjya guradeva pI pI sacetana mannidhi meM calane vAlI loka maganavArI yividha AyAmI pravattiyo pI paTakana hai-jaina vizva bhAratI / mA jainadharma, dargA, tattva-dizA, e bhAratIya prAcya vidhAna ke adhyayana, bhAyApana sayA basumadhAna yA anUThA pendra hai / jaina-mumbAra nirmANa kI dRSTi meM vizva bhAratI ghetAMna manapa-samvRti nagara pe tatvAvadhAna meM janapiyA yA nada vAri ra patrAcAra-pATamAlA yA dvivArSika pAThyakrama niryA

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ATha gni hai / mukti parIkSAo kA krama cAlU hai| ina parIkSAo me deza bhara ne maMka Dorendo se hajAro chAtra-chAtrAe prativarSa sammilita hote haiM / pUjyapAda gurudeva zrI eva zraddheya AcAryapravara ne amIma anugraha kara yogakSema varSa pUrva panAcAra pAThamAlA kI pAThya sAmagrI likhane kA nirdeza mu pradAna piga / ime meM apanA vizeSa saubhAgya mAnatI huu| san 198990 meM ye pATa taiyAra hue / pAThyakrama me svIkRta/prayukta bhI ho gaye / / man 1991 gurudeva zrI kA jayapura pravAsa / AdarAspada mahAzramaNI jI kA mareta milA jainadharma ko Adhunika bhASA-zailI aura sadarbho me prastuta karane kI apekSA hai| yadyapi jainadharma ko samagratA se jAnane/samajhane hetu hamAre dharma gagha meM kAphI sAhitya likhA gayA hai, kiMtu viSaya kI gabhIglA aura bhASA kI jaTilatA ke kAraNa jana-sAmAnya usakA pUrA lAbha nahI uThA mAtA / Aja ke par3he-likhe yuvaka-yuvatiyo kA jaina tattva-darzana meM proga ho, ha bhI jArI hai| ina daSTiyo se patrAcAra pAThamAlA ke lekho kA acchA upayoga ho sakatA hai| yadi ve pustaka rUpa meM ekatra upalabdha ho jAe go parIkSAyiyoM ke atirikta Ama pAThaka ko bhI suvidhA ho sakatI hai| gAyIpramukhAtrIjI kI isI preraNA kI niSpatti hai prastuta pustaka "jainadharma jIvana aura jgt"| isake mAdhyama se maiMne jainadharma ke vicAra aura AnAra pakSa ko jIvana mUlyo eva jAgatika sadarbho me sarala bhASA-zailI meM prastuta karane kA vinamra prayatna kiyA hai / mere adhyayana, anuzIlana eva lekhana me AdhArabhUta grantha rahe haiM mahAmarima pUjyapAda gurudeva zrI tulasI dvArA racita na middhAta dIpikA, zrI mikSa nyAyaNikA, jaina tattva-vidyA, gahastha ko bhI adhikAra hai dharma karane gayAdi kasA mahAna dAnita AcAryazrI mahAprajJa kI utkRSTa kRtiyApodhi, jainadarNana mAna aura mImAnA Adi / ye gratha prastuta pustaka likhate samAna mAdIpa kI bhAti mega mAga-darzana karate rahe haiN| maiMne inakA bharapUra fr / mo lie zraddhApraNata ha ArAdhya dayI ke prati / muni zrImAnI dvitIya kI pusnara vizva prahelikA tathA anya vidvAno/ iri yo ghogA bhI yayAvazyara upayoga kiyA hai| unake prati dAdi- tAmAtA yAvI /

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+ dAyare kAphI vyApaka bana gaye hai / ina sasthAna se prakAzita hone vAle sAhitya kA bhI apanA mUlya hai / " jainadharma jIvana aura jagat" jaina darzana ke prazikSuoM ke lie madamaM pratha ke rUpa meM upayogI siddha huA hai, isakA pramANa he pustaka yo mAMga aura lokapriyatA / yaha kisI bhI lekhaka ko saphalatA kA 'mAina sTona' mAnA jA sakatA hai| pustaka kA dvitIya saMskaraNa pAThako kI mAga pUrI karegA, vahI merI agalI mAhitya-yAtrA kI nayI sabhAvanAe bhI nayI dipAe udghATita kareMgI / isakA srota hai gurukRpA kA prasAda ora maganamaya AzIrvAda 1 sAdhvI kanakazrI

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1 bhAna hai Alopha agama kA 2 jainadharma : eka paricaya 3 vipadI-astitva ke tIna AyAma 4 jainadharma me tattvavAda 5 jainadharma meM jIva-vijJAna 6 sUkSma jIva-jagat aura vijJAna 7 janmAntara-yAtrA (gatica) - zatti-srota-paryApti 9. jIvana-pakti-prANa 10 zarIra aura umamA AdhyAtmika mUlya 11 pUrvajanma aura punarjanma 12 puNya kora pApa 13 bandhana aura usake hetu 14 moDa aura usake upAya 15 janadarNana me TravyavAda 16 jAdAMta me pudgala / 10 janadarzana meM bhAtmavAda 18 janadarzana meM pamaMcAra 19 janadarzana me banekAtapAda 20 nadazana me sthAdvAda 1 nadharma meM jAtivAda phA bAdhAra 22 yI jela mAdhanA kA AdhAra - jana gararapa pI AcAra-saritA 24 7 muni pI AcAra-saritA 25 muniyopI pada-yAnA aura usako upalabdhiyAM 26 ma-pApanA-itihAsa mAyA paMcAnI gagataSa ke adhyakSa sagATa ceTaka 28 mAnna naregamapadha-sajATa pira 120 138 146 152 156

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jJAna hai Aloka agama kA dukha-mukti kA upAya hai vidhA aura AcaraNa ! avidyAvAna prANA darA-parampaga kA marjaka hotA hai| mAcaraNa hamArA gantavya-para hai| vidyA hai gastA dikhAne vAlA prakAza / vaha jIvana ke yAtrA-patha meM madA sApa rahatA hai aura pathika ke Age-Age calatA hai| eka yuvA yAtrI ko maghana vana pAra kara dUravartI kamve meM jAnA thaa| ucaTa gyAvara pahATI gastA / agalA gAva dUra taka dikhAI nahIM de rahA thaa| muramaI sAma utara AI / yuvaka kA dila ghaTaka rahA thA / lavA rAstA, cAge ora phailA nirjana vana, gata kA samaya, yaha DagavanA baghega, mere pAma sirpha choTo-gI TaoNrca, kA~ge pAra kara sakUgA ima vipama mArga po? dimAga meM vicAro ko upana-puthala, bhaya aura nAgA, dila meM ghaTakana. tana-capana meM pasInA, manajhanAhaTa / eka dama bhI Age baDhanA paThina / yaha nirANa-tAza ho rahI baiTha gyaa| zarIra zipina, mana tanAva-pramta / adhere kI cAdara or3he, mahamA-dubakA-mA vaha yuvaka, eka hAre-paye yUddha kI bhAMti baiThA thaa| udhara se usake pAsa se eka vRddha vyakti gujraa| una aura nAti me cUdA hote dara bhI mana me taraNa, gati meM utsAha pI manakA, mAkho meM vizyAma mI camaka / samIpa Ate hI yuvaka ne pUchA--paga bAta hai ? gante me hI pAte baiTha gae ? yuvaka ne kahA -- yA pada ? munIvana meM pira gayA hai| gammA nambA, andherA garaga aura prakAzanamA-mA / ma TaoNcaM pA pramANa to do-cAra padamo se jadhiya mApa nahI degaa| va lodA gAya tara ga garagA?

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jainadharma jIvana aura jagat rahatA hai / mANa payAsayara-~-jJAna hamAre patha ko Alokita karatA hai / atazcetanA ko jagAtA hai / bhAratIya adhyAtma ke AcAryoM ne athavA pravaktAo ne dharma ko mukti kA sAdhana mAnA hai / dharma kyA hai ? isa jijJAsA ko samAhita karate hue jaina Agamo me batAyA gayA, dharma do prakAra kA hotA hai-zruta dharma aura cAritra dharma / isa vargIkaraNa se dharma kI paribhASA phalita hotI hai| yAnI zruta kA, zAstro kA adhyayana aura AcAra kA anuzIlana hI dharma hai| sAmAnyata sayama, zIla, sadAcAra ko dharma mAnA jAtA hai| para bhagavAna mahAvIra ne eka naI dRSTi dI, vaha hai-"nANassa sAro AyAro"--AcAra to jJAna kA sAra hai / yadi jJAna nahI to AcAra kA avataraNa kahA se hogA? AcAra kA srota jJAna hI hai / isIlie jJAna kI prApti aura usakA uttarottara vikAsa mAnavIya jIvana kA sarvocca ghoSa hai / upayogitA ke pariprekSya me yaha ciMtana ubharatA hai ki jina vipayo kA jJAna hamAre kArya-kSetra me upayogI hotA hai, hame adhika se adhika sasAdhana upalabdha karA sakatA hai, hamAre kArya-kSetra kI saphalatA kA hetu banatA hai, una viSayo ko bhalI-bhAti jAnanA caahie| kintu tattva jJAna tattva vidyA se jana-sAmAnya ko kyA lAbha ho sakatA hai ? tattva unake lie hai jo AtmAparamAtmA tathA jIvana aura jagata ke sUkSma rahasyo ko jAnanA caahe| gharagRhasthI kA sacAlana tattva-jJAna se nahIM hotaa| bAta sahI hai, para hama hamAre vAstavika jIvana me kyA honA cAhate haiM, kyA karanA cAhate haiM, isase pahale hamArI dRSTi kA nirdhAraNa-parimArjana Avazyaka hai| tattva-vidyA hamAre samyak dRSTikoNa kA nirmANa karatI hai / samyak dRTikoNa hI hamAre AcAravyavahAra kI buniyAda hai| AcAra-darzana Adarza mUlaka vijJAna hai| vaha jaba naitika jIvana kA Adarza nirdhArita karane aura parama dhyeya ke sAtha usakA sabadha sthApita karane kA prayatna karatA hai, taba vaha tattva-carcA kA viSaya bana jAtA hai / / tattva-mImAsA sat ke svarUpa para vicAra karatI hai| jabaki AcAradarzana jIvana-vyavahAra me mUlyo kA nirdhAraNa karatA hai| vicAra ke ye dono kSetra eka dUsare ke bahuta nikaTa haiN| jaba hama kisI eka kSetra meM gaharAI se praveza karate haiM to dUsare kI sImA kA atikramaNa kara usame bhI praviSTa honA paDatA hai| maikeMjI kA kathana hai ki jaba hama yaha pUchate haiM ki mAnava-jIvana kA mUlya kyA hai ? taba hame yaha bhI pUchanA paDatA hai ki mAnava-vyaktitva kA tAttvika svarUpa kyA hai ? vAstavika jagat me usakA kyA sthAna hai ? ina

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bhAna vAlora bagama yA para praznoM gA mamAdhAna tattva-mImAtA meM Thora dharAtala meM hI upalabdha ho gayA hai| yApAra-varNana bora tatva-bhImAnA re pAramparika mavadha po spaSTa pante PriorAdhAna nigrane hai ri~~"goI bhI AcAra mAtra tattva-dAna para parama- dAnika nidAna para avazya bAdhita hotA hai| pagmama gavadha me hamArI jaisI avadhAraNA hotI hai, unake anupa hI mArA jAgaraNa hotA / rNana aura vAparaNa mApa-tApa calate haiN| cAlaya meM jaba taka natya ke nyApa yA jIvana meM mAdanaM yA yodha mI mAtA, gara tara nAcaraNa Na mUlyApana bhI samaya nhiiN| kyoki yaha mUlyAMnA no pabahAra vAparalyazisa nAdama 6 meM hI virAjA garA; / garIba aigA vidu hai, pahA tattva-mImAmA aura nApAra darNana milo / / mA dIgo go eka-dUsare ii alaga nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| mAnIyA meM tIna pakSa(1) gAnArapaga (2) bAbhUtyAtmara (2) vidyApa / IT HITT RAT bhI nI pibhAga ho jAte hai(1) TREAT (2) prama-dagaMna (3) ApAra-dAna / TIno gopi-gu bhinna nii|| mAtra adhyayana meM pAyo yI fr-71 rinI ra yo pati liA viziSTa prakAra kA TITUTII gaya nadhya emAra, unI piyAmI aura mAda - parati ET pazo para gamatA ma vizAra diyA jAtA hai| nitInane

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jainadhamaM jIvana aura jagat rahatA hai | nANa payAsayara- -jJAna hamAre patha ko Alokita karatA hai / atazvetanA ko jagAtA hai / 2 bhAratIya adhyAtma ke AcAryoM ne athavA pravaktAoM ne dharma ko mukti kA sAdhana mAnA hai / dharma kyA hai ? isa jijJAsA ko samAhita karate hue jaina Agamo meM batAyA gayA, dharma do prakAra kA hotA hai- zruta dharma aura cAritra dharmaM / isa vargIkaraNa se dharma kI paribhASA phalita hotI hai / yAnI zruta kA, zAstro kA adhyayana aura AcAra kA anuzIlana hI dharma hai / sAmAnyata sayama, zIla, sadAcAra ko dharma mAnA jAtA hai / para bhagavAna mahAvIra ne eka naI dRSTi dI, vaha hai- " nANassa sAro AyAro " -- AcAra to jJAna kA sAra hai / yadi jJAna nahI to AcAra kA avataraNa kahA se hogA ? AcAra kA srota jJAna hI hai / isIlie jJAna kI prApti aura usakA uttarottara vikAsa mAnavIya jIvana kA sarvocca ghoSa hai / upayogitA ke pariprekSya me yaha ciMtana ubharatA hai ki jina viSayo kA jJAna hamAre kArya-kSetra me upayogI hotA hai, hame adhika se adhika sasAdhana upalabdha karA sakatA hai, hamAre kArya kSetra kI saphalatA kA hetu vanatA hai, una viSayo ko bhalI-bhAti jAnanA cAhie / kintu tattva jJAna tattva vidyA se jana-sAmAnya ko kyA lAbha ho sakatA hai ? tattva unake lie hai jo AtmAparamAtmA tathA jIvana aura jagat ke sUkSma rahasyo ko jAnanA cAhe / gharagRhasthI kA sacAlana tattva-jJAna se nahI hotA / bAta sahI hai, para hama hamAre vAstavika jIvana me kyA honA cAhate haiM, kyA karanA cAhate haiM, isase pahale hamArI dRSTi kA nirdhAraNa - parimArjana Avazyaka hai / tattva-vidyA hamAre samyak dRSTikoNa kA nirmANa karatI hai / samyak dRSTikoNa hI hamAre AcAravyavahAra kI buniyAda hai / AcAra- darzana Adarza mUlaka vijJAna hai / vaha jaba naitika jIvana kA Adarza nirdhArita karane aura parama dhyeya ke sAtha usakA sabadha sthApita karane kA prayatna karatA hai, taba vaha tattva-carcA kA viSaya bana jAtA hai / tattva - mImAsA sat ke svarUpa para vicAra karatI hai| jabaki AcAradarzana jIvana-vyavahAra me mUlyo kA nirdhAraNa karatA hai / vicAra ke ye dono kSetra eka dUsare ke bahuta nikaTa haiM / jaba hama kisI eka kSetra me gaharAI se praveza karate haiM to dUsare kI sImA kA atikramaNa kara usame bhI praviSTa honA paDatA hai / maikeMjI kA kathana hai ki jaba hama yaha pUchate haiM ki mAnava-jIvana kA mUlya kyA hai ? taba hame yaha bhI pUchanA paDatA hai ki mAnava-vyaktitva kA tAttvika svarUpa kyA hai ? vAstavika jagat meM usakA kyA sthAna hai ? ina 1

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jJAna hai Aloka agama kA saba praznoM kA samAdhAna tattva-mImAsA ke Thosa dharAtala se hI upalabdha ho sakatA hai| AcAra-darzana aura tattva-mImAsA ke pArasparika sabadha ko spaSTa karate hue DaoN0 rAdhAkRSNana likhate haiM ki-"koI bhI AcAra zAstra tattva-darzana para yA carama-satya ke eka dArzanika siddhAta para avazya Azrita hotA hai / carama satya ke sabadha me hamArI jaisI avadhAraNA hotI hai, usake anurUpa hI hamArA AcaraNa hotA hai / darzana aura AcaraNa sAtha-sAtha calate haiN| vAstava me jaba taka tattva ke svarUpa yA jIvana ke Adarza kA bodha nahI ho jAtA, taba taka AcaraNa kA mUlyAkana bhI sabhava nhiiN| kyoki yaha mUlyAkana to vyavahAra yA sakalpa ke naitika Adarza ke sadarbha me hI kiyA jA sakatA hai / yahI eka aisA biMdu hai, jahA tattva-mImAsA aura AcAra-darzana milate haiM / ata dono ko eka-dUsare se alaga nahI kiyA jA sktaa| mAnavIya cetanA ke tIna pakSa haiM(1) jJAnAtmaka (2) anubhUtyAtmaka (3) kriyAtmaka / ata dArzanika adhyayana ke bhI tIna vibhAga ho jAte haiM(1) tattva-darzana (2) dharma-darzana (3) AcAra-darzana / ina tIno kI viSaya-vastu bhinna nahI hai / mAtra adhyayana ke pakSo kI bhinnatA hai / jaba vyakti kisI dhyeya kI pUrti ke lie viziSTa prakAra kA prayatna karatA hai, taba lakSya ke svarUpa, usakI kriyAzIlatA aura kArya-paddhati ina saba pakSo para samagratA se vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| isalie ye tIno juDe jIvana ke vibhinna pakSa hote hue bhI eka sImA ke bAda tattva-darzana, dharma-darzana aura AcAra-darzana tIno eka bindu para kendrita ho jAte haiM / kyoMki jIvana aura jagat eka aisI sagati hai, jisame sabhI tathya itane sApekSa haiM ki unheM alaga-alaga nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| __lagabhaga sabhI bhAratIya darzano kI yaha prakRti rahI hai ki AcArazAstra ko tattva yA darzana se pRthak nahI karate / jaina, bauddha, vedAnta, gItA Adi darzano me kahI bhI tattva aura jIvana-vyavahAra me vibhAjaka rekhA nahI miltii| jaina vicArako ne tattva, darzana aura AcAra-jIvana ke ina tIno pakSo ko alaga-alaga dekhA avazya hai, para inhe alaga kiyA nhiiN| ye sabhI Apasa meM itane ghule-mile hue haiM ki inhe eka dUsare se alaga karanA sabhava bhI nahIM hai| AcAra-mImAsA ko dharma-mImAsA aura tattva-mImAsA se na alaga kiyA jA sakatA hai aura na unase alaga kara use samajhA jA sakatA

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jainadharma : jIvana aura jagat umAsvAti ke isa mUlyavAna sUtra se yahI dhvanita hotA hai "samyagdarzana jJAna cAritrANi mokss-maargH|" (tattvArthasUtra 11) samyag darzana, samyag jJAna aura samyak cAritra-ina tIno kA samanvita rUpa hI mokSa-mArga hai / eka me mokSa mArga banane kI kSamatA nahI hai| tIno milakara hI mokSa ke hetu ho sakate haiN| kitanA ghaniSTa savadha hai tIno kA / yahA samyaga-darzana, jJAna aura cAritra kramaza dharma-zraddhA tattva jJAna aura AcaraNa ke hI pratIka haiM / jahA maike jI Adi pazcimI vicAraka naitika jIvana me AcAra pakSa ko hI sammilita karate haiM, vahA jaina vicAraka ukta tIno pakSo kI anivAryatA mAnate haiN| yahI kAraNa hai jaina AcAra-darzana kA adhyayana karate samaya tattva-mImAsA aura dharma-mImAsA ko upekSita nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| jaisA ki hamane jAnA AcAra kA srota jJAna nahI hai| jJAna kI pariNati AcAra hai / isalie AcAra kI zuddhi, vyavahAra kA pariSkAra aura zubha saskAro ke nirmANa hetu jJAna pakSa kI bhUmikA ko gauNa nahI kiyA jA sktaa| yadyapi vartamAna yuga me jJAna-vijJAna kI mUlya-pratiSThA svataH siddha hai| use pratiSThita karane kI AvazyakatA nahI hai / hama jisa yuga me jI rahe haiM, vaha bauddhika vikAsa ke utkarSa kA yuga hai| nUtana-purAtana vidyA-zAkhAmao kA pracAra-prasAra druta gati se ho rahA hai| zikSA-jagat me nita nae prayoga ho rahe haiM, jisase mAnava-mastiSka kI kSamatAo ke vikAsa kI ananta sabhAvanAe ujAgara ho rahI haiM / phira bhI lagatA hai Aja zaikSika stara para jo kucha ho rahA hai, vaha paryApta nahI hai| vartamAna kA vidyArthI mAtra pustakIya jJAna me aTakA huA hai / usakA gatavya hai-vidyAlaya, mahAvidyAlaya yA vizvavidyAlaya / usakA prAptavya hai - Dhera sArI ddigriyaa| yaha bhI chipA huA nahI hai ki Digriyo kI cakAcaudha me kitanA adhakAra pala rahA hai / upAdhiyo ke bhAra ke nIce viveka-cetanA dabI jA rahI hai / ___ "buddhaH phala tattva vicAraNA ca"- buddhi kA phala hai tattva kA anuciMtana, tattva kI khoja / tattvagrAhI buddhi vyaktitva-vikAsa ko Thosa dharAtala de sakatI hai| vartamAna zikSA-praNAlI me tattva-darzana upekSita ho rahA hai / jIvana-mUlyo tathA saskRti ke maulika tattva ko upekSita kara calane vAlA samAja svastha aura tejasvI nahI bana sakatA, isa dRSTi ne deza kI bhAvI-pIDhI ko saskArI banAne ke lie use bhAratIya dharmoM tathA vibhinna darzano kA jJAna karAnA Avazyaka hai| jaina-darzana zuddha artha me mokSa-darzana hai, adhyAtma kA darzana hai, phira bhI usakA jJAna atyanta vaijJAnika hai| apekSA hai vaijJAnika sadarbho me use

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jJAna hai Aloka agama kA prastuta kiyA jaae| isake lie jarUrI hai jaina tattva-vidyA ko Adhunika zikSA-paddhati ke sAtha joDakara use samagratA pradAna kI jaae| jana zikSApaddhati kI sarvAMgINatA hai -grahaNa zikSA aura Asevana shikssaa| Aja kI bhASA me yaha saiddhAtika aura prAyogika prazikSaNa nAma se suparicita hai / yugapradhAna AcAryazrI tulasI ke netRtva me terApatha me jahAM adhyAtmavijJAna, manovijJAna, vyAvahArika-manovijJAna, jIvana-vijJAna Adi aneka vidyA zAkhAo kA Adhunika sadarbho me adhyayana ho rahA hai, vahA jaina tattvavidyA kA bhI adhyavasAya pUrvaka prazikSaNa diyA jA rahA hai| sattva-vidyA kA prakSikSaNa hamAre zaikSika krama me prathama sopAna hai / kyoki tattva-darzana kI nIva para pratiSThita jIvana me adbhuta camaka hotI hai| tattvajJa vyakti kA samagra vyavahAra apUrva Dhaga kA hotA hai / tattvajJa vyaktiyo me AdhyAtmikatA, AcAraniSThA aura jijJAsu vRtti ke ratnadIpa sadA-sarvadA jyotita rahate haiN| DaoN. sarvapallI rAdhAkRSNana ke anusAra "vizva ke rahasyamaya antima tattva ko khojane kI dizA meM darzana, siddhAta eva AcAra-zAstra se bhI adhika mUlyavAna hai--manuSya kA tAttvika prayatna / tattva-jJAna hI satya kA pratipAdaka hai / satya se anuprANita AcAra aura vyavahAra hI jIvana ko UcAiyA pradAna kara sakatA hai|" jaise battakha kA baccA kabhI pAnI me nahI DUbatA, uphanatI nadI kI kSubdha tarago para bhI vaha tairatA rahatA hai, vaise hI jJAnI vyakti kA citta viparIta paristhitiyo me bhI kSubdha nahI hotA / caraka sahitA me likhA hai "loke vitatamAtmAnaM, loka cAtmani pazyataH / parAvaradRzaH zAnti nimUlA na nazyati // jo loka me AtmA ko aura AtmA me loka ko vyApta dekhatA hai, usa tattvajJAnI kI jJAnamUlaka zAti kabhI bhaga nahI hotii| kyoki jJAnI vyakti kI manoniyAmikA zakti pravala hotI hai, isalie vaha Aveza aura uttejanA ke vazIbhUta hokara apanA satulana nahI khotaa| jaina-darzana na kevala jJAnavAdI hai aura na kevala aacaarvaadii| vaha samanyavAdI hai / jaina-dRSTi me jJAna aura AcAra dono kA samAna mahattva hai / vaha mAnatA hai AcAra-zUnya jJAna jahA patra-puSpa-zUnya vRkSa hai, vahA jJAna zUnya AcAra jaDa rahita vRkSa hai| phira bhI mahaMtavANI kA ghoSa "paDhama nANa to dayA" isa ora saketa karatA hai ki jJAna ke dvArA hI hama hita me pravRtta hote haiM, ahita se nivRtta hote haiM aura kisI bhI paristhiti me madhyastha rahane kI kSamatA ajita karate haiN| nizcaya dRSTi se kahA jAe to tattva jJAna hI agama kA Aloka patha hai|

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jainadharma . jIvana aura jagat jaise dhAge me piroI huI suI kahI gira bhI jAe to bhI guma nahI hotI, AsAnI se mila jAtI hai, vaise hI tattva-vidyA-sampanna vyakti apane patha se, apane lakSya se kabhI bhaTakatA nhiiN| kadAcit bhramita ho bhI jAe to tattva-jJAna ke sahAre puna sahI rAste para A jAtA hai| apane AcAra aura vyavahAra ko pariSkRta karatA rahatA hai| isa dRSTi se vyAvahArika jIvana me bhI tattva-vidyA kA mUlya kama nahI ho sakatA /

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jaina dharma : eka paricaya dharma AtmA meM jAne kA praveza-dvAra hai| AtmA kA sparza taba hotA hai, jaba vItarAga-cetanA jAgatI hai / rAga-cetanA aura dveSa-cetanA kI samApti kA kSaNa hI vItarAga-cetanA ke prasphuTana kA kSaNa hai| jaina-dharma kI sArI sAdhanA vItarAga kI parikramA hai| "jaina" zabda kA mUla "jina" hai| "jina" kA artha hai jItane vAlA yA jJAnI / ata apane Apako jItane vAlo kA dharma jaina dharma hai| apane Apako jAnane vAlo kA dharma jaina-dharma hai| jaina-dharma ke praNetA aura prArambha jaina-dharma ke praNetA jina kahalAte haiN| jina hote haiM--Atma-vijetA, rAga-vijetA, doSa-vijetA aura moha-vijetA / jaina paramparA me "jina" zabda kI atirikta pratiSThA hai / ho sakatA hai prAcInakAla me yaha "cina" zabda se jAnA jAtA rahA ho / prAkRta bhASA me "ca" kA "ja" ho jAtA hai| isalie yahA bhI sabhAvanA kI jAtI hai ki "jina" kA mUla rUpa "cina" hai| isa dRSTi se "jina" zabda ko do arthoM kA savAhaka mAnA jA sakatA hai / jina-jJAnI aura jin-vijetaa| Avazyaka me jJAtA aura jJApaka rUpa meahaMto kI stuti kI gaI hai| jina kA eka artha hai-pratyakSajJAnI, matIndriyajJAnI / ve tIna prakAra ke hote haiM-1 avadhi jJAna jina, 2 mana paryavajJAna jina aura 3 kevalajJAna jin| isase bhI jina kA artha jJAtA hI siddha hotA hai| jaina-dharma ke praNetA sarvajJa aura vItarAga hote haiN| ve prakAza, zakti aura Ananda ke akSaya srota hote haiN| unakI Atarika zaktiyA--arhatAe samagratA se udbhASita ho jAtI haiM, isalie ve arhata kahalAte haiN| __ caitanya kI akhaDa lau ko mAvRtta karane vAle tattva haiM-mUrchA aura ajJAna / jisakI Atarika mUrchA kA valaya TUTa jAtA hai, usake jJAna kA AvaraNa bhI kSINa ho jAtA hai / jJAna kI akhaDa jyoti prajjvalita hote hI vyakti sarvajJa-sarvadarzI bana jAtA hai| vaha satya ko usakI paripUrNatA me 1. AvazyakasUtra, sakkatyuI "jiNANajAvayANa / " 2 ThANa 31512 tao jiNA paNNattA, ta jahA-ohiNANajiNe, maNapajjavaNANajiNe, kevalaNANajiNe /

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jainadharma : jIvana aura jagat jAnane-dekhane lagatA hai / "jina" sarvajJa hote haiN| kevalI hote haiM / ve vastujagata ke prati priyatA-apriyatA kI savedanA-rahita, mAtra jJAtA-draSTA bhAva me avasthita rahate haiN| ___ sarvajJa ko anatacakSu kahA gayA hai| unakI nirmala jJAna-cetanA meM ananta dharmAtmaka vastu samagratA se pratibimbita hotI hai| isalie ve satyadraSTA aura satya ke pratipAdaka hote haiN| ve jana-kalyANa hetu pravacana karate haiM / unake pravacana kA uddezya hotA hai-- * prakAza kA avataraNa 0 bandhana-mukti 0 Ananda kI upalabdhi / jaina-dharma bahuta prAcIna hai, vaha vedo kI taraha apauruSeya yA anyAkRta nahIM hai| vaha vItarAga-sarvajJa-puruSo dvArA praNIta hai|| isa yuga ke Adi dharma-pravartaka the- bhagavAn zrI RSabhadeva / RSabhadeva kA kAla-nirNaya Aja kI saMkhyA me nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ve bahata prAcIna haiN| ve yuga-pravartaka the, mAnavIya sabhyatA ke pUraskartA the| ve isa yuga ke prathama rAjA bane / lambe samaya taka rAjya-tatra kA sacAlana kara unhone rAjanaitika aura sAmAjika vyavasthAo kA sUtrapAta kiyaa| ve muni bane / dIrghakAlIna sAdhanA kii| ghora tapa tpaa| kaivalya ko upalabdha hue| sarvajJa-marvadarzI bane / dharmacakra kA pravartana kiyaa| dharma-tIrtha kI sthApanA kara tIrthakara kahalAe / Rpabha isa yuga ke prathama tIrthaMkara the aura zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra caubIsaveM tIrthakara / jana-dharma ke vAIsa tIrthaMkara prAgaitihAsika kAla me hue / pAzrva aura mahAvIra aitihAsika puruSa haiM / tIrthaMkara vaha hotA hai jo svaya prakAzita hokara prakAza-patha kA nirmANa karatA hai / vaha svatatra cetanA kA svAmI hotA hai / ata kisI dUsare kA anugamana yA anukaraNa nahI krtaa| isIlie pratyeka tIrthakara apane yuga ke AdikartA hote haiN| yuga-praNetA hote haiM / ata deza aura kAla kI sImAo se pare rahakara yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaina-dharma ke praNetA tIrthakara hote haiN| ve jina, vItarAga, arhat, sarvajJa Adi spo me vadita-abhinadita hote haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra isa yuga ke atima tIyaMkara the, ata vartamAna ko jaina paramparA kA bhagavAna mahAvIra se gaharA mambandha hai| ? sUyagaDA, 66 / 2 Avazyaka sUya 13 niggatha-pAvayaNe thirIkaraNa sutta - usabhAi mahAvIra pajjavamANANa /

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jApana - 17 nAmakaraNa jaina-dharma ke vibhinna guNo me vibhinna nAma rahe haiN| isake prAcIna nAma haiM --nirgantha pravacana, ahaMta dharma, samatA dharma aura zramaNa dharma / arvAcIna nAma hai-jinazAsana yA jainadharma / iname bhI bahupracalita aura bahuparicita nAma jaina-dharma hI hai| jaina-dharma nAma bhagavAna mahAvIra ke bAda me hI pracalita huA aisA uttaravartI sAhitya ke AdhAra para siddha hotA jaina kauna ? jina pravacana hI jaina-dharma kA mUla AdhAra hai / jina vANI para AsthA rakhane vAlA tathA una zikSA-pado kA AcaraNa karane vAlA samAja jaina samAja kahalAtA hai / jaise buddha dvArA pravartita dharma bauddha dharma, IsA dvArA upadiSTa dharma IsAI dharma kahalAtA hai, vaise hI "jina" yA arhat dvArA pravartita dharma jaina-dharma athavA Arhat dharma kahalAtA hai| jaise ziva aura viSNu ko iSTa mAnakara calane vAle zaiva aura vaiSNava kahalAte haiM, vaise hI ahaMta yA jina ko iSTa mAnakara calane vAle jaina kahalAte haiM / sArvabhauma dharma yahA eka vAta vizeSa rUpa se jJAtavya hai ki jaise buddha, IsA, ziva yA viSNu vyaktitva-vAcaka nAma haiM, vaise jina yA ahaMt zabda vyakti vizeSa ke vAcaka nahIM haiM / jainadharma me vyakti-pUjA kA koI sthAna nahIM hai / vaha vyakti kI arhatAo ko, yogyatAo ko mAnyakara, usakI pUjA-pratiSThA meM vizvAsa rakhatA hai| jisake jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura zakti ke AvAraka tattva naSTa ho jAte haiM, caitanya kA parama svarUpa prakaTa ho jAtA hai, vaha koI bhI vyakti arhat kI zreNI meM A sakatA hai / jana-dharma sirpha sapradAya aura paramparA hI nahIM, balki apane Apako jItane aura jAnane vAlo kA dharma hai| isakA pramANa hai-jana-dharma kA namaskAra mahAmatra aura catu zaraNa sUtra / namaskAra mahAmatra Namo arahatANa-maiM arhatoM ko namaskAra karatA huuN| Namo siddhANa-maiM siddho ko namaskAra karatA hai / Namo AyariyANa-maiM AcAryoM ko namaskAra karatA hai| Namo uvajjhAyANa-maiM upAdhyAyoM ko namaskAra karatA hai| Namo loe savvasAhUNa-maiM loka ke sava sato ko namaskAra karatA hci

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jainadharma jIvana aura jagat isa namaskAra mahAmatra me kisI vyakti ko namaskAra nahIM kiyA gayA / ahaMt siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu-ye sAdhanA kI dizA me prasthita sAdhako kI uttarottara vikasita avasthAe athavA siddhi prApta AtmAo kI bhUmikAe haiN| ina bhUmikAo para jo bhI ArohaNa karatA hai, vaha vadanIya ho jAtA hai, namasya ho jAtA hai / namaskAra mahAmatra ke mAdhyama se hama arhatA, siddhatA, AcAra-sampannatA, jJAna-sampannatA aura sAdhutA ko vadanA karate haiN| isase jJAta hotA hai, jaina-dharma vyApaka aura udAra dRSTi vAlA dharma hai / vaha jAti, varNa, varga Adi kI sakIrNatAo se sarvathA mukta sArvabhauma dharma hai / yadyapi jaina-dharma vartamAna meM mukhyata vaizya varga se juDA huA hai, para prAcIna samaya me sabhI vargoM aura jAtiyo ke loga jaina-dharma ke anuyAyI the / bhagavAn mahAvIra kSatriya the, unake pramukha ziSya indrabhUti Adi brAhmaNa the / zAlibhadra, dhannA Adi aNagAra vaizya the| unakA pramukha zrAvaka Ananda kisAna thA / tapasvI harikezabala caNDAla kula me utpanna the| Aja bhI dakSiNa bhArata me mahArASTra Adi kaI rAjyo me kRSikAra, kubhakAra Adi jaina hai| AcArya vinobA bhAve ke zabdo me jaina-dharma kI nijI vizeSatAe haiM--- 0 ciMtana me anAkrAmaka, 0 AcaraNa me sahiSNu aura 0 pracAra-prasAra meM sayamita / kAkA kAlelakara ne kahA-"jaina-dharma me vizvadharma banane kI kSamatA jainadharma-darzana ko maulika avadhAraNAeM jaina-darzana vizva ke sabhI darzano me vilakSaNa hai| kyoki isakI avadhAraNAe maulika haiM / vaise sabhI dharmoM aura darzano me katipaya vilakSaNatAe hotI haiM, para jaina-darzana kucha aisI atirikta vilakSaNatAe apane me sameTe hue hai, jo anyatra durlabha haiM / isa eka padya ke AdhAra para hame jaina-darzana ke sambandha me paryApta jAnakArI mila sakatI hai Adarzo'tra jinendra AptapuruSa rtntryaaraadhnaa| syAdvAda. samayaH samanvayamayaH sRSTirmatA shaashvtii|| phartRtvaM sukhadu khayo svanihita dhauvya vyayotpattimat / ekA mAnava jAtirityupagamo'sau jaina-dharmo mahAn / (gaNAdhipati gurudeva zrI tulamI) jana-dharma mahAn hai / usame Adarza hai-Apta puruSa, usakA sAdhanApaya hai-ratnatrayo kI ArAdhanA, siddhAta hai --samanvaya pradhAna anekAntavAda /

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jainadharma eka paricaya anya dArzanika mAnyatAe haiM- sRSTi zAzvata hai, sukha aura duHkha kA kartA vyakti svaya hai, pratyeka padArtha utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya-yukta hai tathA manuSpa-jAti eka hai| jaina-dharma ke mukhya siddhAnta ye haiM--- 0 AtmA hai| * usakA pUrvajanma eva punarjanma hai / 0 vaha karma kI kartA hai| 0 kRta karma kI bhoktA hai| 0 bandhana hai aura usake hetu haiM / 0 mokSa hai aura usake hetu haiN| ukta dArzanika vinduo para vistRta carcA apekSita hai|

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tripadI : astitva ke tIna AyAma indrabhUti gautama ne bhagavAn mahAvIra se pUchA-kiM tatta ? bhate / tattva kyA hai ? bhagavAn ne kahA - "uppanne i vA"-utpAda tattva hai| gautama kI samasyA sulajhI nahI / unhone dUsarI bAra pUchA-kiM tatta ? bhate / tattva kyA hai ? bhagavAn ne kahA- "vigameivA'- vinAza tattva hai| gautama kI jijJAsA zAta nahI huI / unhone tIsarI bAra vahI prazna kiyA-ki tatta ? bhate / tattva kyA hai ? bhagavAn ne kahA - gautama / dhuve i vA-dhruva tattva hai| yahA tattva kA artha hai-~-pAramArthika vastu / ' isake lie 'sat' zabda kA bhI prayoga hotA hai / jitane bhI astittvavAn padArtha haiM, ve saba sat haiM, tattva haiM, vAstavika padArtha haiM / iname jaDa aura cetana dono kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| __ padArtha ke sambandha me sabhI dArzanika ekamata nahIM haiM / kucha dArzanika padArtha ko nitya-sthAyI mAnate haiM aura kucha dArzanika use anitya-- parivartanazIla mAnate haiM / jaina-darzana padArtha ko sthAyI bhI mAnatA hai aura parivartanazIla bhI mAnatA hai| utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya-yaha jaina-darzana kI tripadI hai| jaise viSNu ne vAmanAvatAra me tIna caraNo se samagra brahmANDa ko nApa liyA thA, vaise hI amApya medhA ke dhanI indrabhUti gautama ne tIna prazno ke mAdhyama se sapUrNa zrutajJAna yA AIt-darzana ko AtmasAt kara liyaa| isI tripadI ke AdhAra para unhone dvAdazAgI kI racanA kii| unakI jJAna-cetanA me yaha spaSTa pratibiMbita ho gayA ki kevala utpAda vinAza yA dhrauvya vAstavika nahI hai| tIno kA sApekSa yoga hI yathArtha hai| dravya me do prakAra ke dharma hote haiM-sahabhAvI (guNa) aura kramabhAvI (paryAya) / bauddha sat dravya ko ekAta anitya mAnate haiM to vedAtI satpadArthabrahma ko ekAta nitya mAnate haiM / pahalA parivartanavAda hai to dUsarA nitya 1 jaina siddhAta dIpikA 2/1 (AcArya zrI tulasI) tattva pAramA thika vastu / 2 jaina tattva vidyA 4/1 (AcArya zrI tulasI)

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tripadI astitva ke tIna mAyAma sattAvAda / jaina-darzana dono kA samanvaya kara "pariNAmI-nityavAda" kI sthApanA karatA hai| usake anusAra sat vaha hai jo utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya guNa se yukta sat use kahate haiM, jo utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya guNa se yukta ho| yaha hai jaina-darzana kA pariNAmI nityatvavAda / isakA tAtparya hai-vastu apane astitva rUpa me sadA kAyama rahatI hai| kabhI bhI usakA astitva samApta nahI hotA, kiMtu utpAda aura vinAza ke rUpa me usakA rUpAtaraNa hotA rahatA hai| ise jaina-darzana paryAya-parivartana kahatA hai / jaise dUdha se dahI banatA hai| isa prakriyA me dUdha naSTa ho jAtA hai, dahI astitva me A jAtA hai, yaha paryAya hai / para dUdha aura dahI-ye dono gorasa haiM / gorasatva me koI atara nahIM hai, yaha anvayI dharma dhrauvya hai|' loka zAzvata bhI azAzvata bhI gautama ne pUchA-bhate / loka zAzvata hai yA azAzvata ? bhagavAn ne kahA-loka dravya se zAzvata hai aura paryAya kI dRSTi se azAzvata hai, parivartanazIla hai| AcArya zrI mahAprajJa ke zabdoM me pariNAmini vizve'smin anAdi nidhane dhruvam / sarve viparivartante, cetanA apyacetanA // -saboghi 15/31 yaha vizva anAdi-nidhana hai, dhruva hai, phira bhI pariNAmI hai| isame cetana aura acetana sabhI padArtha vividha rUpo meM parivartita hote rahate haiN| "utpAdavyayadharmANo, bhAvA dhrauvyAnvitA api / " pratyeka padArtha dhrauvya-- yukta hote hue bhI utpAda aura vyaya-dharmA hai| jaise vizva dhrava hai, vaise hI dravya kI dRSTi se jaDa cetana pratyeka padArtha dhruva hai, niyata hai / ye sasAra me jitane haiM, utane hI rahege / sasAra me na eka jIva ghaTatA hai, na eka jIva bar3hatA hai, bhautika jagat me na eka aNu kama hotA hai, na eka aNu adhika hotA hai aura na kabhI jIva ajIva vanatA hai| nakSIyante na vardhante sati jIvA avasthitAH / majIvo jIvatA naMti na jIvo yAtyajIvatAm / / ~sabodhi 12/60 1 jaina-darzana manana aura mImAsA, pR0 186 / 2 zrI bhikSu nyAya kaNikA-utpAda vyaya dhrauvyAtmaka sat / 3 utpannadadhi bhAvena, naSTa dugdhatayA paya / gorasatvAt sthira jAnan syAdvAdadviD jano'pi / /

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14 jainadharma : jIvana aura jagat dhrauvya padArtha kA sahabhAvI guNa hai / utpAda aura vinAza usakI kramabhAvI avasthAe haiM, jo paryAya kahalAtI haiN| vizva kA koI bhI padArtha isa trayI kA apavAda nahIM hai / ise dravya kA ghaTaka tattva kahe to koI Apatti nahIM hogii| padArtha kI apane svarUpa meM avasthiti dhrauvya hai aura usame jo satata parivartana kI dhArA cAlU hai, vaha paryAya hai / dravya guNa aura paryAya--- dono kA samavAya hai| jIva-jagata aura tripadI ___ loka me jIva ananta haiM / sasArI jIva bhI ananta haiM aura mukta AtmAe bhI ananta haiM / karmavaddha jIva sasArI haiM / karmAvaraNa ko kSINa kara jo sasArI jIva mukta ho jAte haiM ve siddha kahalAte haiN| ye AtmA kI zuddha aura azuddha avasthA-janita bheda hai, para jIvatva dono sthitiyo me samAna ananta jIvo ke mukta ho jAne para bhI sasAra jIva-zUnya nahIM hotaa| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki jIva do prakAra ke haiM -avyavahAra rAzi aura vyavahAra rAzi / avyavahAra rAzi sUkSmatama vanaspati jagat hai / use nigoda bhI kahate haiM / nigoda jIvo kA akSaya koSa hai / vaha avyavahAra rAzi hai| sthUla-jagat yA vyavahAra rAzi se jaise-jaise jIvAtmAe mukta hotI haiM, vaisevaise avyavahAra rAzi se utane hI jIva vyavahAra rAzi meM A jAte haiN| isalie ananta jIvo kI mukti ho jAne para bhI sasAra jIva-zUnya nahI hotA / nigoda ke jIvo kA kabhI anta nahIM aataa| unake eka zarIra me ananta jIva rahate haiN| zarIra bhI itanA sUkSma jisakI kalpanA bhI nahI kI jA sktii| Adhunika vijJAna ke anusAra hamAre zarIra me Alapina kI noka Tike utane bhAga me dasa lAkha kozikAe haiM / yaha sthUla-jagat kI bAta hai| nigoda-sUkSma jagat hai / vahA eka zarIra me ananta jIvo kA honA asabhava nahI hai / tAtparya kI bhASA me ananta-ananta jIvoM se bhare isa sasAra me kabhI jIvo kA astitva samApta nahIM hotaa| isa dRSTi se jIva jagat dhrava hai| zAzvata hai / jIva pratikSaNa utpanna hote haiM, vinaSTa hote haiM - isa apekSA se vaha anitya hai| parivartanazIla hai| jaise purAne kapaDe ke phaTa jAne para nayA kapaDA dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai, vaise hI sasArI AtmAe pUrva deha kA tyAga kara naye zarIra kA nirmANa karatI haiM / janma-janmAntara kI yAtrA me ve nAnA yoniyo me paribhramaNa karatI haiM, nAnA gatiyo kA anubhava karatI haiM / naraka, tiryaMca, manuSya athavA deva rUpa me utpanna ho una-una avasthAo kA savedana karatI hai / parivartana kA cakra avirAma ghUmatA rahatA hai phira bhI usake dhruva tattva-caitanya kI amiTa

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tripadI astitva ke tIna AyAma lau sadA prajvalita rahatI hai| vaha kabhI nahIM bujhatI / vacapana, javAnI aura buDhApA ye jIvana-yAtrA ke anivArya ghumAva haiN| yaha parivartana hamAre anubhava ke darpaNa me spaSTa pratibimbita hai / yadi koI mUviMga kemare me vyakti kI kSaNa-kSaNa me badalane vAlI avasthAo ko kaida karanA cAhe to karane vAlA thaka jAegA kiMtu avasthAo kA koI anta nahIM AegA / yaha sthUla zarIra ke parivartana kA citra hai| isake atirikta hamAre sUkSma zarIra me kitane rAsAyanika parivartana hote haiM, kitane vidyutIya parivartana hote haiM, kitane bhAvanAtmaka aura AdhyAtmika parivartana hote haiM, jinakA lekhA-jokhA nahI lagAyA jA sktaa| ___zarIra zAstrIya khojo ne yaha siddha kara diyA hai ki pratyeka sAta varSa kI avadhi me manuSya-zarIra AmUla-cUla badala jAtA hai, usakI pratyeka kozikA badala jAtI hai / isa krama me sattara varSa me AdamI kA zarIra dasa bAra vadala jAtA hai| zarIra me dasa lAkha rakta kozikAe pratikSaNa utpanna-vinaSTa hotI rahatI haiM / tathApi pratikSaNa ghaTita hone vAle parivartana me bhI eka aisA aparivartanIya dhruva tattva hai, jo hame pratIta karAtA hai ki yaha vastu vahI hai, yaha zarIra vahI hai, yaha vyakti vahI hai / yahI hai vastu kA triAyAmI astitva / yahI hai badalAva meM bhI ThaharAva / yahI hai jamAva me bhI bahAva / yahI hai parivartana-zIlatA me bhI dhruvtaa| parivartana meM bhI jIvana ghArA vahI hai / paryAyeM kSaNabhagura haiM / cetanA avinAzI hai| jaise cetana kabhI acetana nahI hotA, vaise hI acetana me kabhI caitanyaguNa prakaTa nahI hotA / pudgala-jaDa tattva cAhe kitanA hI rUpAtarita ho jAe usakI maulikatA kabhI samApta nahIM hotii| pudgala kI maulikatA haisparza, rasa, gadha aura rUpa / aNu se lekara ananta pradezI skandha taka pratyeka pudgala me inakI sattA varAvara hai / miTTI cAhe sonA bana jAe, zarIra cAhe jala kara rAkha ho jAe, gobara cAhe gaisa bana jAe, pAnI cAhe bhApa banakara zUnya me vilIna ho jAe, phira bhI usakA pudgalatva samApta nahI hotaa| yaha maulikatA eka sacAI hai to parivartana bhI sacAI hai| koI bhI jaDa-padArtha parivartana ke niyama kA apavAda nahI hai / miTTI ke aneka AkAra-prakAra banate-bigaDate rahate haiM / para miTTI tattva saba me samAna hai| sone kI aneka avasthAe haiM, aneka vastue haiM, purAnI vastu miTatI haiM, nayI banatI haiM, para sonA sonA hai| usakA astitva sava me eka jaisA hai| tIna bhAI haiM, unake pAsa eka svarNa-kalaza hai| eka ko vaha priya hai, dUsarA use miTAkara mukuTa banAnA cAhatA hai / tIsare ko sone se matalava hai,

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jainadharma : jIvana aura jagat 16 vaha cAhe kisI rUpa me rahe / kAlAtara me ghaDe kA mukuTa banA liyA jAtA hai / pahalA vyakti khinna hotA hai aura dUsarA prasanna / tIsarA na khinna na prasanna / use sonA cAhie thA vaha surakSita hai / svarNa dhIvya hai, ghaDA mora mukuTa usakI pUrva - uttara avasthAe haiM / tripadI ke saMbadha me vistAra se jAna lene ke pazcAt yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki vizva meM aisI koI bhI vastu nahI hai, jo kevala utpanna hI hotI hai / yA kevala vinaSTa hI hotI hai athavA kUTastha nitya hI hai| sat trayAtmaka hai / utpAda, vinAza aura dhrauvya ye tIno vastu ke aparihArya aga haiM / utpAda - nayI-nayI avasthAoM kA prAdurbhAva 1 vinAza - pUrva - pUrva avasthAo kA parityAga / dhrauvya --- utpAda aura vinAza ke hote hue bhI vastu kA anvayI guNa dharma | jaina darzana me isa tripadI ko mAtRpadikA bhI kahate haiM / dravya kI dRSTi se pratyeka padArtha dhruva hai / koI bhI padArtha na to naye sire se utpanna hotA hai aura na apanA astitva khokara zUnya me vilIna hotA hai / mAtra usakA pariNamana hotA rahatA hai | jaina- darzana kA yaha pariNAmI nityatvavAda Adhunika vijJAna se bhI puSTa ho rahA hai / prasiddha vaijJAnika levAIjara likhate haiM- "kisI bhI kriyA se kucha bhI nayA utpanna nahI kiyA jA sakatA aura kisI bhI kriyA ke pahale aura pIche vastu kI mUla mAtrA me koI aMtara nahI AtA / kriyA se kevala padArtha kA rUpa parivartita hotA hai / vaijJAnika DemokrAiTasa bhI tathya ko prakaTa karate haiM - vijJAna ke zakti-sthiti, vastu avinAzitvA, zakti ko parivartanazIlatA Adi siddhAto se yaha dhAraNA majabUta hotI hai ki nAzavAn padArtha me bhI dhruvatva hai arthAt asat kI utpatti nahI hotI aura sat kA vinAza nahI hotA / tripadI kA yathArtha bodha vastugata saccAiyo kA udghATana karatA hai / AMtarika mUrcchA ke valaya ko toDatA hai / samyak dRSTikoga kA nirmANa karatA hai / dRSTi sampannatA hI satya zodha kA Adi biMdu hai /

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jainadarzana meM tattvavAda vizva maca para jitane dArzanika vicAra ubhare, una sabakI bhinnabhinna paramparAe haiM, svatatra mAnyatAe haiM / tattvavAda bhI sabakA apanA-apanA hai| uname eka hai jaina-darzana / yaha bhAratIya darzano kI eka mukhya dhArA hai / usakI paramparA svatatra hai / tattva-mImAsA maulika hai| ___ tattva kA sAmAnya artha hai-vAstavika yA astitvavAn padArtha / rahasyabhUta padArtha ko bhI tattva kahate haiM / caitanya kA vikAsa yA mokSa-mImAsA ke pariprekSya meM tattva kA artha hai-pAramArthika vastu / caitanya jAgaraNa aura parama sattA kI upalabdhi hetu ina nattvo kA samyag bodha apekSita hai / jaina-darzana ke anusAra mukhya rUpa se tattva do haiM--jIva aura ajIva / sasAra ke dRzyaadRzya, sUkSma-sthUla, mUrta-amUrta, jaDa-cetana-sabhI padArthoM kA samAveza ina do tattvo me ho jAtA hai| aisA koI bhI padArtha nahI bacatA, jisakA antarbhAva isa tattvadvayI me na ho| sasAra ke samasta padArthoM ko kama se kama samUho me vargIkRta kiyA jAe to unakI do rAziyA hotI haiM - 1 jIva-rAzi 2 ajIva raashi| ina dono kA vistAra se vizleSaNa kiyA jAe to anekAneka bheda ho sakate haiN| jaina-darzana me tattva-pratipAdana kI do dRSTiyA rahI haiM - jAgatika aura Atmika / jAgatika rahasyo ke udghATana hetu cha dravyo kA sUkSmavizleSaNa jaina-darzana kI adabhata dena hai| AdhyAtmika-vikAsa ke anucitana me do dRSTiyA pramukha haiM-vandhana aura bandhana ke hetu tathA mokSa aura mokSa ke hetu / isa samUcI prakriyA kA bodha eka adhyAtma-sAdhaka ke lie nitAta apekSita hai / nau tattvo kA pratipAdana isI dizA kA eka svastha upakrama hai| paT dravya aura nava tattva ke pratipAdana ko darzana-jagat me astitvavAda aura upayogitAvAda bhI kahA jAtA hai| jo jJeya padArtha mokSa-sAdhanA me upayogI haiM, jaina-darzana kI bhASA me ve tattva kahalAte haiN| jIva, ajIva, puNya, pApa, mAsrava, sadara, nirjarA, vandha aura mokSaye to tattva hai| ___ jIva-caitanya kA majana pravAha / dUsare zabdo me jisame caitanya ho, sukha-dukha kA saMvedana ho vaha jIva hai /

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18 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat ajIva-caitanya kA pratipakSI jaha-tattva ajIva hai| puNya-zubharUpa me udaya me Ane vAle karma-pudgala puNya hai / pApa-azubharUpa me udaya me Ane vAle karma-pudgala pApa hai / Asrava-puNya-pApa rUpa karma grahaNa karane vAlI Atma-pariNati Asrava hai| savara-Asrava kA nirodha karane vAlI Atma-pariNati savara hai| nirjarA-tapasyA Adi ke dvArA karma-nirjaraNa hone se AtmA kI jo Azika ujjvalatA hotI hai, vaha nirjarA hai| vandha- AtmA ke sAtha badhe hue zubha-azubha karma-pUdgalo kA nAma vadha hai| mokSa-karma-vimukta AtmA athavA apane svarUpa meM pratiSThita AtmA hI mokSa hai| jaisA ki hame pahale hI batAyA jA cukA hai ki vAstavika tattva do hI haiM jIva aura ajIva / phira bhI mokSa-sAdhanA ke rahasya ko batalAne ke lie inake nau bheda kie gae hai| ina nau bhedo me prathama bheda jIva kA hai aura atima bheda mokSa kA / jIva AtmA kI azuddha-avasthA hai aura mokSa vizuddha avasthA / madhyagata bhedo me mokSa ke sAdhaka aura bAdhaka tattvo kA nirUpaNa astyAtmA zAzvato, bandhastadupAyazca vidyte| asti mokSastadupAyo, jJeya-dRSTiraso bhavet // - sabodhi 12/4 AtmA hai, vaha zAzvata hai, punarbhavI hai / bandha hai aura usakA hetu hai / mokSa hai aura usakA upAya hai / yaha jJeya-dRSTi hai, samyaktva kA AdhArabhUta tattva hai| vandha puNya tayA pApamAnava pharmakAraNam / bhava-vIjamida sarva, jJeya dRSTiraso bhavet / / ~saMbodhi 12/5 vadha, puNya, pApa tathA pAMgamana kA hetubhUta Asrava~ye heya haiM, kyoki ye mamAra ke bIja hai / bhava-paramparA ke mUla kAraNa haiM / nirodha karmaNAmasti, saMvaro nirjarA tayA / pharmaNAM prakSayazcapopAdeya-dRSTiriSyate // -sabodhi/126 kamoM kA nirodha karanA mavara hai aura karma-kSaya se hone vAlI Atmamuddhi nijaMga hai, yaha upAdeya dRSTi hai| sAdhanA kA Adi biMdu hai -lakSya kA cunAva aura dizA kA nirdhAraNa

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jainadarzana meM tattvavAda usakA dUsarA vidu hai-maTakAne vAle tattvo se bacAva aura tIsarA vidu haisahI dizA meM jAgarUka abhikrama / adhyAtma-sAdhaka kA parama lakSya hai-dvandva-mukti-mokSa / usake vAdhaka tattva haiM bagha, puNya, pApa aura Asrava / lakSya prApti ke sAdhaka tattva haiM-savara aura nirjraa| nau tattvo meM cAra tattva ajIva haiM, ajIva kI avasthAe haiM - ajIva, puNya, pApa aura vandha / pAca jIva haiM, jIva kI avasthAe haiM-jIva, Asrava / savara, nirjarA aura mokss| ina nau tattvo ko nau padArtha yA nava sadbhAva padArtha bhI kahate haiN| nau tattvo kA samyak vodha samyaktva kI AdhAra-mitti hai / samyaktva kA artha hai-yathArtha tattva-zraddhA / samyak jJAna ke vinA zraddhA meM sthAyitva nahIM aataa| ata pratyeka sAdhaka ke lie kama se kama nI tattvo kA jJAna karanA anivArya hai| dazavakAlika sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki tattvajJAna mokSa-yAtrA kA prathama sopAna hai / usake vinA nirvANa aura dukha-mukti sabhava nhiiN| jIva aura ajIva ko jAnane se ahiMsA kI sahI samajha vikasita hotI hai / usase AcAra-vyavahAra sayata hotA hai usakA phalita hai-mukti / mukti kA Aroha-krama yaha hai - 1 jIva-ajIva kA jJAna / 2 jIvo kI bahuvidha gatiyo kA jJAna / 3 puNya, pApa, vadha aura mokSa kA jJAna / 4 bhoga-virati / 5 taripha aura vAhya sayogo kA tyAga / 6 anagAra-vRtti / 7 anuttara savara-yoga kI prApti / 8 ayodhi se ajita pApa-karmo (karma-rajo) kA vilaya / 9 phevala-jJAna, kevala-darzana kI upalabdhi / 10 ayog-avsthaa| 11 siddhatva-prApti / -dAvakAlika ba 4/14 - 25 / nAcArya zrI bhikSu ne eka bahuta hI sundara rUpaka ke mAdhyama se nau tattvo pho namajhAyA hai - jIva eka tAlAva (jalAzaya) ke samAna hai| majIva tAlAba para abhAva rUpa hai|

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jainadharma jIvana aura jagat puNya-pApa tAlAba kA nikalatA-bahatA pAnI hai| Asrava tAlAba kA nAlA hai / savara tAlAba ke nAle kA nirAdha hai / nirjarA - jala niSkAsana-prakriyA se pAnI kA nikalanA nirjarA hai / badha-tAlAba kA sacita jala badha hai| mokSa-khAlI tAlAba mokSa hai| yahA eka bAta aura vizeSa rUpa se jJAtavya hai ki yaha vizva sapratipakSa hai / pratipakSa kA siddhAta sarvatra samAna rUpa se lAgU hai / kyoki pratipakSa ke binA pakSa kA astitva asabhava hai / nau tattvo me bhI pratyeka tattva ke sAtha usake pratitattva kA pratipAdana hai / vizva me yadi jIva kA astitva hai to ajIva bhI nizcita hai / jIva cetanAvAn padArtha hai to ajIva cetanArahita / jIva do prakAra ke hote haiMsiddha aura sasArI / siddha AtmAe janma-paramparA se mukta haiM / sasArI AtmAe karma-prabhAva se sasAra me paribhramaNa karatI haiM aura sukha-dukha kA bhoga karatI haiM / isakA kAraNa hai-puNya-pApa / ye dono pratipakSI haiM / AtmA kI sat pravRtti se AkRSTa pudgala-skandha zubhakarma yA puNya kahalAtA hai, tathA AtmA kI asat pravRtti se AkRSTa pudgala-skandha azubha karma yA pApa kahalAtA hai| ____ Asrava kA pratipakSI tattva hai savara / Asrava cetanA kA chidra hai, jisase nirantara karma-rajo kA praveza hotA rahatA hai / savara Asrava-nirodha kI prakriyA hai / isase karmoM kA Agamana rukatA hai| vandhana ke pratipakSI tattva haiM-nirjarA aura mokSa / nirjarA AtmA kI Azika ujjvalatA hai| mokSa hai-karmamalo kA pUrNata vilaya / jisa kSaNa nayA karma-bandhana avaruddha ho jAtA hai aura pUrvabaddha karma pUrNata kSINa ho jAte haiM, vahI kSaNa mokSa kA kSaNa hai /

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jaina-dharma meM jIva-vijJAna (SaDjIva-nikAya) jana-dharma ahiMsA-pradhAna dharma hai| ahiMsA kA phalita hai-maMtrI / sava jIvo ke prati Atmatva buddhi kA nAma maitrI hai| ahiMsA kA artha hai saba jIvo ke prati sayama / ahiMsA aura maMtrI ke vikAsa ke lie jIvo ke astitva kA vodha, unake lakSaNo kA bodha aura unakI vibhinna avasthAo kA bodha karanA Avazyaka hai| jaina AgamoM me jIvo ke chaha prakAra batAe gae haiM, jo cha jIvanikAya ke rUpa meM prasiddha haiM / jIvo ke chaha prakAra ye haiM - 0 pRthvIkAyika 0 apkAyika 0 tejaskAyika 0 vAyu-kAyika 0 vanaspatikAyika 0 prasakAyika / kAya kA artha hai--- zarIra / bhAti-mAti ke pudgalo se bane zarIro ke AdhAra para jIvo kA yaha vargIkaraNa huA hai ! unakA varNana kramaza isa prakAra hai - (1) kAThinya Adi lakSaNo se jAnI jAne vAlI pRthvI hI jinakA kAya-zarIra hotA hai, una jIvo ko pRthvIkAya yA pRthvIkAyika jIva kahate haiM / miTTI, bAlU, namaka, monA, cAdI, abhraka, hIre, panne Adi jitane bho prakAra ke pranija padArtha haiM, ve saba pRthvIkAyika jIvoM ke piMDa haiN| miTTI phe eka choTe-se Dhele me nasaruya jIva hote haiN| ye jIva eka sAtha rahane para bhI sapanI svatatra sattA banAe rakhate haiM / Agama kI bhASA me eka hare nAvale ke Ayatana jitane miTTI ke Dhele me jitane pRthvIkAyika jIva haiM, una saba me me pratyeya jIva ke zarIra ko pabUtara jitanA vahA kiyA jAe to eka lAkha yojana lambe-cauDe jambUdvIpa meM bhI ve jIva nahI namA srte|| (2) pravAhasIla dradhya jala hI jinavA kAya-garIra hotA hai, una jIvo ko aparAya yA appAyika jIva rahate haiN| varSA, jalAzaya, nadI nAle samudra Adi pA jala, ole, buga, osa-ye nava kAyipa jIvo ke

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jainadharma jIvana aura jagat zarIra haiM / ina jIvo ke zarIra itane sUkSma hote haiM ki eka-eka zarIra hame dikhAI hI nahI detA / pAnI kI eka bUda apkAyika jIvo ke asakhya zarIro kA piNDa hai / ye jIva eka sAtha rahane para bhI apanI svatantra sattA vanAe rakhate haiN| Agama kI bhASA me-pAnI kI eka bUda me jitane jIva haiM, una saba meM se pratyeka kA zarIra saraso ke dAne ke samAna banAyA jAe to ve jIva jambUdvIpa meM nahIM samAte / (3) uSNa lakSaNa teja hI jinakA kAya-zarIra hotA hai, una jIvo ko tejaskAya yA tejaskAyika jIva kahate haiM / sabhI prakAra kI agni agnikAya ke jIvo kA piNDa hai / eka sAtha rahate hue bhI ina saba jIvo kA astitva alaga-alaga hai| Agama kI bhASA me-eka cinagArI me jitane jIva haiM, uname se pratyeka ke zarIra ko lIkha ke samAna kiyA jAe to ve jIva jambUdvIpa me nahI samAte / (4) calana dharmA vAyu hI jinakA kAya-zarIra hotA hai, una jIvo ko vAyukAya yA vAyukAyika jIva kahate haiM / saba prakAra kI havAe vAyukAyika jIvo kA piNDa hai / eka sAtha rahate hue bhI ina saba jIvo kA astitva bhinna-bhinna hai| Agama kI bhASA me-nIma ke patte ko chUne vAlI havA me jitane jIva haiM, una saba me se pratyeka jIva ke zarIra ko khasa-khasa ke dAne ke samAna kiyA jAe to ve jIva jambUdvIpa me nahI samAte / (5) latAdirUpa vanaspati hI jinakA kAya-zarIra hai, una jIvo ko vanaspatikAya yA vanaspatikAyika jIva kahate haiM / vRkSa, latA, guccha, phala-phUla, dhAna-pAta, kada-mUla -ye saba vanaspatikAyika ke prakAra haiN| isa kAya me rahane vAle jIvo ke do prakAra haiM-pratyeka vanaspati aura sAdhAraNa vanaspati / pratyeka vanaspati ke jIva eka-eka zarIra me ekaeka hI hote haiM / eka jIva ke Azrita asakhya jIva raha sakate haiM, para una sabakA astitva svatantra hai| sAdhAraNa vanaspati me eka-eka zarIra ananta-jIvo kA piNDa hotA hai / saba prakAra kI kAI, kada-mUla Adi sAdhAraNa vanaspati hai / sasAra ke sarvAdhika jIva vanaspatikAya me hI hai / sAdhAraNa vanaspati kA eka prakAra hai-"nigoda" yaha jIvo kA akSaya koSa hai / (6) trasanazIla- gatizIla prANI 'trasa" kahalAte haiN| asa hI jinakA kAya--zarIra hai, una jIvo ko trasakAya yA trasakAyika kahate haiM / jina jIvo ke zarIra me sukha-prApti athavA du kha-mukti ke lie

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jainadharma meM jIva-vijJAna 23 calane-phirane kI, sakoca -vikoca kI kSamatA hotI hai, ve jIva trasa, cara yA jagama kahalAte haiM / do indriya vAle prANiyo - kRmi Adi se lekara pAca indriya vAle prANiyoM taka sabhI jIva isa vibhAga me A jAte haiM / jahAM jIvo ke sa aura sthAvara - ye do bheda kie jAte haiM, vahA eka sakAya sa hai jo ki usake nAma se hI spaSTa hai / vAkI pAca sthAvara haiM / ye sukha-dukha kI pravRtti - nivRtti ke lie gamanAgamana nahI kara sakate / zrasakAya kA jIvatva spaSTa hai / pAca sthAvara kAya kA jIvatva spaSTa nahI hai / isIlie kaI dArzanika inako cetana ke rUpa me svIkAra nahI krte| unakI dRSTi me ye "jaDa" yA "pAcabhUta" mAtra hai / jaina-darzana ke anusAra pRthvI, pAnI, agni, havA aura hariyAlI sajIva haiM, cetanAvAn hai / ukta pAca sthAvara jIva-nikAyo ke sambandha me "dasave Aliya" me spaSTa ullekha hai ki ye saba arhat-pravacana me "cittamatamavasvAyA" - cetanAvAn kahe gae hai / " mata" zabda ko "mAtra" mAnakara bhI vyAkhyA kI jAe to mAtra kA eka artha hai stoka - alpa / taba inakA artha hogA pRthvIkAya Adi pAca jIva-nikAyo me caitanya - stoka- alpa vikasita hai / uname zvAsa-prazvAsa, unmeSa-nimeSa Adi jIva ke vyakta cihna nahI - "matta" kA artha mUcchita bhI kiyA gayA hai| jaise citta ke vighAtaka kAraNo se abhibhUta manuSya kA citta mUcchita ho jAtA hai, vaise jJAna ke AvAraka karma-pudgalo ke prabala udaya se pRthvI Adi ekendriya jIvo kA caitanya sadA mUcchita rahatA hai / inake caitanya kA vikAsa nyUnatama hotA hai / dvIndriya, zrIndriya, caturindriya, pacendriya- pazu, pakSI, nAraka, manuSya, deva- ina saba me cetanA kA vikAma uttarottara adhika hai / sasAra kI sava jIvajAtiyoM meM sabase kama vikasita cetanA evendriya jIvo kI hai / pRthvI, pAnI, agni, vAyu aura vanaspati- ye saba ekendriya haiM - eka sparzana indriya vAle jIva hai| ye na cakha sakate haiM, na sUgha sakate haiM, na dekha sakate haiM aura na suna sakate hai / inakA sArA kAma eka sparza ke AdhAra para calatA hai / isa vibhAga me samArI jIvo kA itanA vaTA samUha hai jo gaNita kI gaNanA kA viSaya nahI ho sakatA jaina tattva-vidyA ke anusAra- sajAtIya akurotpatti jaba taka zastra dvArA upata na ho, sahaja drava honA, AhAra ne baDhanA, binA dUsare ko pre ye sahaja varimita tithaM gati tathA vana-bhedana hone para kumhalA jAnA--- pRthvI, pAnI, lagni, vAyu aura vanaspati kI majIvanA madha pramANa hai / (zrI bhikSu nyAya vaNivA 7 / 11) ye

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jainadharma * jIvana aura jagat jaina-darzana kI sthAvara jIvo kI mAnyatA sarvathA maulika aura advitIya hai / anya darzana-pRthvI Adi ko sajIva nahIM mAnate the| parantu mAja vaijJAnika khojo aura prayogo ne jaina-darzana kI isa mAnyatA ko satya siddha kara diyA hai|

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sUkSma jIva jagat aura vijJAna pRthvI kA jIvatva jaina-darzana pRthvI ko sajIva mAnatA hai| jaba taka zastra-upahata nahI hotI, miTTI Adi nirjIva nahIM hotii| pRthvI kI sajIvatA siddha karane vAle ye vaijJAnika tathya mananIya haiN| mAsko vizvavidyAlaya ke mRttikA jIva-vijJAna-vibhAga ke pradhAna tathA sUkSma kITANuo ke pramukha vizeSajJa pro0 ena0 krosila nikova ne miTTI sajIva hai yA nirjIva, yaha jAnane ke lie varSoM taka khoja kI, prayoga kie aura saphalatA ke zikhara ko chUte hue unhone kaI nae tathya prastuta kie| unhone "enArovika' nAma ke aise kITANuo kA patA lagAyA, jo jamIna ke bhItara oNksIjana ke vinA hI jIvita rahate haiM, kriyAzIla rahate haiM / pro0 prosila ke ziSya vI0 dUdA vibhinna prakAra kI miTTiyo se sau se adhika prakAra ke ina kITANuo ko alaga karane meM saphala hue haiN| yahA yaha jJAtavya hai ki jana-vijJAna ke anusAra pRthvI meM rahane vAle kITANu pRthvIkAya nahIM haiM / pRthvI kAya svaya jIvANuo kA piMDa hai| vijJAna ne yaha bhI siddha kara diyA ki eka grAma ke Dhele me kaI lAkha darjana atisUkSma jIvANu ThasAThasa bhare haiM, jo lAkho varSoM se lagAtAra athaka prayAsa phara, dharatI ko upajAU banAe rakhate haiM / ___ sajAtIya utpAdana aura vRddhi-yaha jIva kI khAsa pahacAna hai / jainadarzana mAnatA hai, pRthvIkAya me nirantara vRddhi kA krama cAla rahatA hai| yaha vijJAna se bhI siddha hotA hai| vaijJAnika eca0 TI0 ksaTApena ke anusAra-"jase bAlaka kA zarIra nirantara bar3hatA rahatA hai, vaise parvata bhI dhIre-dhIre baDhate haiM / vizva ke parvato mI vRddhi gA mana karate hue likhate haiM .---"nyUginI ke parvato ne abhI apanI gaMgavAvaspA hI pAra kI hai, selovosa ye dakSiNI-pUrvI bhAgo, bholakAsa ke puSa TApuo aura DonepiyA paM dvIpa samUha kI bhUmi kapI uTha rahI hai| TaoN0 sugAte pe abhimata ne nyUjIlaiNDa ke pazcimI nelasana ke parvata 'plAisTonIna" yuga ke anta meM vikasita hue haiN| TaoN0 velmena likhate haiM - pAlpasa pavatamAlA yA pazcimI bhAga baba bhI baDha rahA hai| 'dvIpo kI bhUmi pA uTAva tathA parato kI vRddhi pRthvI pI najIvatA pe spaSTa pramANa haiM

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jainadharma jIvana aura jagat pAnI kI sajIvatA bhI vijJAna kI kasauTI para kharI utara rahI hai / jaina darzana ke anusAra pAnI kI eka bUda me asakhya jIva hote haiM / prasiddha vaijJAnika kaipTina skavesivI ne yantra ke dvArA eka laghujalakaNa me 36450 jIva ginA die haiM / vijJAna sammata hai / agni aura vAyu kI sajIvatA bhI jaise manuSya, pazu Adi jIvita prANI zvAsa dvArA zuddha vAyu se oNksIjana grahaNa kara jIvita rahate haiM, vaise hI agni bhI vAyu se oNksIjana lekara hI jIvita rahatI hai, jalatI hai / agni ko yadi vartana se Dhaka diyA jAe yA use havA na mile to vaha tatkAla bujha jAtI hai / havA kI sajIvatA ke sambandha me vaijJAnika bhI kahate haiM ki suI kI noka Tike utanI havA me lAkho jIva rahate haiM jinhe "theksasa" kahA jAtA hai / 26 vanaspati kI sajIvatA anya sthAvara jIva- nikAyo kI apekSA bahuta spaSTa hai / "AyAro" me manuSya aura vanaspati jagat kI prakRtigata samAnatAo kA bahuta hI sundara citraNa kiyA gayA hai / (AyAro 1 / 7) vijJAna jagat me sarvaprathama sara jagadIzacadravasu ne yaha bAta siddha kI thI ki vanaspati sajIva hai / unhone yantro ke mAdhyama se vanaspati jagat kI savedanazIlatA ko spaSTa dikhalAyA thA / DaoN0 vasu ne dikhAyA ki vanaspati anukUla-pratikUla paristhitiyo me harSa, zoka, rUdana Adi karatI hai / jaina darzana kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki vanaspati kAya me AhAra, bhaya, maithuna aura parigraha - ye cAro sajJAe hotI haiM / jaise manuSya zarIra AhAra se baDhatA hai, upacita hotA hai, anyathA apacita ho jAtA hai, sUkha jAtA hai, vaise hI vanaspatiyA bhI upacita, apacita hotI haiN| vaijJAniko ne bhI siddha kara diyA hai ki vanaspatiyA miTTI, jala, vAyu, prakAza Adi se AhAra grahaNa kara apane tana ko puSTa karatI haiM, AhAra ke abhAva meM ve jIvita nahI raha sakatI / manuSya, pazu-pakSI Adi kI bhAti vanaspatiyA bhI zAkAhArI aura mAsAhArI hotI haiM / chuImuI sakocazIla aura bhayapradhAna vanaspati hai / vanaspati jagat me maithuna aura parigraha kI vRtti bhI hotI hai / peDa-paudhe bhI manuSyo kI bhAMti nIda lete haiM, vizrAma kara thakAna miTAte haiM / vanaspatiyA bahuta savedanazIla hotI haiM / phUla-pattiyA eka mAlI aura hatyAre kI pahacAna acchI taraha se kara letI haiM / Adhunika sUkSma yantro ke mAdhyama se vanaspati jagat kI sajIvatA ke sambandha me vaijJAniko ne aneka rahasyo ko anAvRta kiyA hai /

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sUkSma jIva jagat aura vijJAna sUDAna aura vesTaiDIja me eka aisA vRkSa milatA hai, jisame se dina me vividha prakAra kI rAga-rAganiyA nikalatI haiM aura rAta ko rone-dhone kI aisI AvAjeM nikalatI haiM, mAno parivAra ke sava sadasya kisI kI mRtyu para ro rahe haiN| jaina-granthoM me vanaspati kI utkRSTa Ayu dasa hajAra varSa kI mAnI gaI hai / prasiddha vaijJAnika eDamaDa zubhAzA ke anusAra amerikA ke kelIphoniyA ke nezanala vana me 4600 varSa kI Ayu ke vRkSa vidyamAna haiN| ___ ina adhyayano se yaha dhAraNA spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki jana-dharma kA jIvavijJAna atyanta sUkSma hai, gambhIra adhyayana-anuzIlana kA viSaya hai aura use Adhunika vijJAna kA samarthana prApta hai|' 1. sadarbha-1 dasaveAliya, 415-8 2 dasavenAliya hA0 TI0 pa0 138 3 mAyAro-11 4. jaina-darbhana manana nora mImAtA, pRSTha 281 5 zrI mila nyAya kaNikA 711 /

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janmAntara yAtrA (gaticakra) dIghA jAgarato rattI, dIgho satassa joyaNa / dIgho bAlAnaM sasAro, saddhamma avijAnato // (dhammapada) anidrA roga se grasta vyakti ke lie rAta lambI ho jAtI hai, thake hue pathika ke lie eka yojana kA mArga bhI lambA ho jAtA hai, vaise hI dharma kA marma na jAnane vAle ajJAnI prANI kA sasAra lambA ho jAtA hai| jaise koI dRSTihIna vyakti gahana jagala me phasa jAtA hai to kaThina hotA hai usase nikalanA, vaise hI caturgatimaya sasAra kAntAra duranta hai| usakA rAstA bahuta lambA hai / moha-mUDha va karmoM se badhe prANI anAdi kAla se usame paribhramaNa kara rahe haiM / ve na to usakA pAra pA rahe haiM aura na hI unhe nikalane kA koI upAya sUjha rahA hai / basa, bhaTakanA hI unakI niyati hai| janma aura mRtyu kI paramparA ko ve nirantara duharAte rahate haiN| "jAyante ye niyante te, mRtAH punarbhavanti ca / " jo janmate haiM, ve marate haiM, jo marate haiM unakA punarjanma bhI hotA hai / yaha pUrvajanma va punarjanma hI sasAra kI yAtrA hai / pratyeka sasArI prANI sazarIrI hotA hai / vaha janmAntara kI yAtrA sUkSma zarIra se karatA hai| karma zarIra aura taijas zarIra, jise vidyutIya zarIra bhI kaha sakate haiM-sUkSma hote haiM aura ve mRtyu ke bAda bhI jIva ke sAtha rahate haiM / maraNoparAta sthUla-zarIra pIche chTa jAtA hai / karma zarIra kAraNa zarIra hai| usake AdhAra para jIva nae zarIra kA nirmANa kara letA hai| gehAt gehAntaraM yAnti manuSyA gehavartina / dehAt dehAntara yAnti prANino dehavartinaH / / (sabodhi 15 / 23) jaise gRhasvAmI manuSya eka ghara ko choDa, dUsare ghara me calA jAtA hai, vaise hI dehavartI prANI eka deha ko choDa, dUsarI deha kA nirmANa kara lete haiM / isa janmAntara-gAminI yAtrA ke cAra paDAva haiM / jaina tattva kI bhASA me ise cAra gati ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai / gati kA artha hai-eka janma sthiti se dUsarI janma-sthiti ko prApta karane ke lie hone vAlI jIva kI yAtrA / gati cAra haiM - 1 naraka gati / 2. tiryaJca gati / 3 manuSya gati /

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janmAntara yAtrA (gaticakra) 4 deva gati / nArapha --- naraka gati me rahane vAle jIva nAraka kahalAte haiN| nAraka jIvoM ke AvAsa-sthala ratna prabhA, zarkarA prabhA Adi sAta pRthviyAM haiN| ye pRthviyA nIce loka me haiN| vahA ke nivAsI kaSTa-bahula jIvana jIte haiM / atyadhika zArIrika aura mAnasika yAtanAe bhogate haiN| unakI yAtanAvedanA tIna prakAra kI hotI hai 1. usa kSetra ke prabhAva me hone vAlI vedanA / 2 nAraka jIvo dvArA paraspara laDAI-jhagaDA kara utpanna kI gaI vedanA / 3 paramAdhArmika devo dvArA dI jAne vAlI vedanA / ina devo dvArA dI jAne vAlI yAtanA prathama tIna naraka bhUmiyo me hotI hai / usase Age do hI prakAra kI vedanA rahatI hai| nAraka jIvo kI vedanA uttarottara bar3hatI jAtI hai| ina naraka bhUmiyo me una jovo ko jAnA paTatA hai, jo atyanta ra karmoM va bure vicAro vAle hote haiN| jaina-darzana ke anumAra ratnaprabhA nAma kI prathama naraka bhUmi ke Upara yaha manuSya loka avasthita hai| tiyaMca-manuSya ke sivAya sAre dRzyamAna prANI-jagat kA samAveza niryaca gati meM ho jAtA hai / jIva jagat kA bahuta baDA bhAga isame samA jAtA hai / yAnI jIvo kI sarvAdhika sakhyA isI gati me hai| eka indriya pAla jIvo se lekara cAra indriya vAle jIvo taka sabhI jIva tiryaca hI hote haiM / pRthvI, pAnI, agni, vAyu, vanaspati (peDa-paudhe Adi) ekendriya tiryaca hai / kRmi, cITI, makkhI, macchara-ye kramaza do, tIna eva cAra indriya vAle prANI haiM / ye sabhI tiryaca haiM / kucha pacendriya jIva bhI tiryaca hote haiM, jaisepazu-pakSI Adi / pacendriya tiryaca aneka prakAra ke haiN| machalI Adi jalacara pacendriya hai / gAya, bhaisa bAdi sthalacara pacendriya haiN| tiryaca gati meM kucha jIva vahata zaktizAlI hote haiN| uname jJAnaghetanA bhA vikasita hotI hai| kabhI-kabhI lagatA hai, unakI zakti aura buddhi ra mAmane manuSya kA parIra-vala aura buddhi-bala nagaNya hai| phira bhI unakI apekSA manupya yoni zreSTha hai / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki manuSya kI vivekacatanA jAgRta hotI hai / anya pANiyo me unakA jabhAva hotA hai / isa dRSTi me tiryaca gati kA aprazasta mAnA gayA hai / ___ manuSya-jisame ciMtana, manana aura anuzIlana kI kSamatA hotI hai, para manuSya hai / manupya sarvAdhika vikasita cetanA dAlA prANI hai| usame diyAma kI janana sabhAvanAe hai| natyu ke pazcAta vaha puna manupya deha yA para maranA hai tathA deva ni, niyaMca coni yA narayika spiti ko bhI

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30 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat prApta kara sakatA hai / adhyAtma sAdhanA dvArA cetanA kA vikAsa kara vaha nara se nArAyaNa bana sakatA hai, AtmA se paramAtmA bana sakatA hai| sarala bhASA me samajhe to gatiyo me eka manuSya gati hI aisI hai, jahA se mokSa prApta ho sakatA hai / manuSya me vaha kSamatA hai ki yadi vaha Upara uThe to loka zIrSa para siddhAtmA ke rUpa meM pratiSThita ho sakatA hai aura gire to mahAnaraka-sAtavI naraka bhUmi me bhI jA sakatA hai| yaha saba AtmA kI zuddhi, azuddhi tathA usakI taratamatA para nirbhara hai| manuSya tIna prakAra ke hote haiM-karma-bhUmija, akarma-bhUmija aura samUcchima / karma-bhUmija manuSya karma-kSetra meM utpanna hote haiM / ve asi, masi, kRSi Adi sAdhano dvArA jIvikA calAte haiN| RSi-paramparA ke savAhaka karma-kSetra me utpanna manuSya hI banate haiM / ye manuSya puruSArtha-pradhAna hote haiM / akarma-bhUmija manuSya "yogalika" kahalAte haiN| inhe jIvana-nirvAha ke lie asi, masi, kRSi rUpa puruSArtha kI apekSA nahI rahatI / unake jIvanayApana ke sAdhana kalpavRkSa hote haiN| unake jIvana kI AvazyakatAe itanI nyUnatama hotI haiM ki kalpavRkSa se jo kucha prApta hotA hai, usI se ve saMtuSTa ho jAte haiN| samUcchima manuSya nAma se to manuSya hI haiM, para uname manuSyatA jaisA kucha bhI nahI hai / mAnava-zarIra se visarjita mala-mUtra Adi caudaha sthAnako me una jIvo kI utpatti hai / ve pacendriya hote haiM, para asajJI (asannI) hote hai| uname mAnasika savedana nahI hotA / unheM manuSya gati prApta hai, para pragati ke dvAra banda haiN| alpAyuSya hone ke kAraNa aparyApta dazA me mara jAte haiN| deva-divya loka me vihAra karane vAle deva kahalAte haiM / devo kA zarIra dIptimAna hotA hai / vaha manuSya zarIra kI bhAti asthi, majjA Adi dhAtuo se nirmita nahI hai / unake zarIra ko vaikriya zarIra kahate haiM / deva icchAnusAra vividha rUpo kA nirmANa kara sakate haiN| isa prakriyA ko vikriyA (vikurvaNA) kahate haiN| jaina-Agamo me devo ke cAra prakAra batalAe gae haiM-bhavanapati, vAnavyatara, jyotiAka aura vaimAnika / asura kumAra, nAgakumAra Adi bhavanapati devo ke AvAsa nIce loka meM haiM / pizAca, bhUta, yakSa Adi vyatara deva tathA sUrya, candra Adi jyotiSka deva (nirache) madhya loka me rahate haiN| vaimAnika deva do prakAra ke haiM1 palpopanna 2 kalpAtIta / bAraha devaloka ke deva kallopanna haiN| vahA yA macAlana mvAmI-sevaka Adi vyavasthAmao ke AdhAra para hotA hai| unase kAra nava greveyaka aura pAca anuttara vimAna ke deva kalpAtIta hote haiM / ve deva mbana zAmita haiM / vyavasyAe svaya sacAlita haiN| vahA svAmI-sevaka

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janmAntara yAtrA (gaticakra) jamI koI bheda-rekhA nahI hai / vahA kA pratyeka sadasya ahamiMdra hai| devatA va nAraka jIva apanI gati kA AyuSya pUrNa kara puna deva aura nAraka nahI bana sakate / manuSya aura tiyaMca cAro gatiyo me se kisI bhI gati me utpanna ho sakate haiM / mokSa kI prApti kevala manuSya gati se hI sabhava manuSya va pazu-pakSI Adi tiyaMca hamAre pratyakSa haiN| svarga va naraka hamAre pratyakSa nahI haiM / sAmAnyata manuSya kA vizvAsa pratyakSa para hotA hai, parokSa para nahI / vaha parokSa yA adRzya vastu ke astitva ko svIkAra nahI karatA / isIlie bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA - narapho nAma nA stIti naiva sajJA vivezayet / svargo nAma nA stoti naiva sajJA nivezayet / / (saMbodhi 10/26) naraka nahIM hai-aisA sakalpa mata kro| svagaM nahI hai-aisA sakalpa mana karo / pratyakSa na hone mAtra meM kisI ke astitva ko nakAra denA satya ke sAya Akha-micaunI karanA hai / vaise sabhI Astika darzana svarga va naraka ke astitva ko mAnate haiN| gati-cakra kI mImAsA ke sadarbha me yaha jAnanA bhI Avazyaka hai ki prANI kauna-se AcaraNa se kisa gati meM jAtA hai, kisa yoni meM utpanna hotA naraka gati ke kAraNa pacendriya vadha, mahA-Arambha (hiMmA), mahA-parigraha aura mAsAhAra-- ye naraka gati ke hetu haiN| tiyaMca gati ke kAraNa mAyA-pravacanA, asatya bhASaNa ora kUTa-tola, kTa-mApa ye tiryaca gati ke hetu haiN| manuSya gati ke kAraNa vinIta, sarala, alpAra bhI, alpa-parigrahI, dayAlu aura mAtsarya rahita hogA manuSya gati gA hetu hai / deva gati ke kAraNa marAga sayama - avItarAga dazA meM hone vAlI sayama-mAdhanA, zrAvaka pamaM pA pAlana karanA, akAma-nijarA- mokSa kI icchA vinA kie gae tapa ga hone vAlI lAtmazuddhi aura anAna tapa-ye deva gati ke hetu haiM / na pAro gatiyo me sasArI prANI apane kRta kAmoM kA bhoga parate hai| prApI jenA rama paratA hai, vamA phala bhogatA hai| kiMtu inakA tAtparya para rahI hai pi rana janma meM die gae sukRta yA dupkRta kA pariNAma agale

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32 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat janma me hI milatA hai / vastuta dekhA jAe to svargIya sukha, nArakIya dukha, pazutA aura mAnavatA ye saba mAnavIya manovRtti, usake ciMtana aura vyavahAra para nirbhara hai| sayama aura satulana kA jIvana jIne vAlA isI janma me svargIya sukho kA anubhava karatA hai| isake viparIta vAsanA, vyasana aura viveka-hInatA kA jIvana jIne vAlA isI janma ko naraka banA letA hai / svarga aura naraka kI vyAkhyA ke pazcAt zikSaka ne chAtro se pUchAvidyArthiyo | Apa me se naraka jAnA kauna pasanda karegA ? svIkRti me kisI kA hAtha Upara nahI utthaa| zikSaka ne dUsarI bAra pUchA-aba batAe, svarga jAnA kauna pasanda karegA ? eka laDake ko choDa sabake hAtha Upara uTha ge| zikSaka ne pUchA kyo manISa | tumhe kahI nahI jAnA hai ? manIpa kA uttara thA-mujhe kahI jAne kI apekSA nahIM hai, maiM jahA rahagA, vahI svargIya vAtAvaraNa kA nirmANa karUgA / pAzavika vRttiyo kA pariSkAra kara mAnavIya cetanA kA vikAsa hI divyatA kI dizA ko ujAgara karatA hai| sadarbha - 1 sabodhi 15/22,23 / 2 jaina tattva vidyA 1/5 / 3. ThANa-~4/4/628 se 631 /

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zakti-strota-paryApti mAmArika jIva kisI na kisI spa me pravRtti karatA rahatA hai, jaMge-AhAra, spadana, savedana, ciMtana, manana, bhASaNa Adi / ye saba kriyAe vinipTa pattiyo ke dvArA hI sapAdita hotI haiM / iname se pahalI zakti hai prANa tathA dUmarI zakti hai paryApti kii| prANa-bhakti aura paryApti zakti - kA dono ke sahayoga se hI prANI apanI jIvana-yAtrA calAtA hai| prANa Atmika zakti hai, paryApti podgalika zakti / jaise-bolane me jo dhyAna yA AtmIya prayatna hotA hai vaha prANa hai aura usa prayatna ke anumAra jo bhakti bhApA-yogya pudgalo kA saMgraha karatI hai, vaha hai paryApti / paryApti jaba taka AtmA karma-mukta nahIM ho jAtI, usakI janma-maraNa kI pagaparA nahI rapatI / mRtyu ke bAda janma nizcita hai / janma kA artha hai utpAra honA, eka deha tyAga kara dUsare deha kA nirmANa karanA / janmAMtarayAtrA ke samaya prANI kA sthUla zarIra chUTa jAtA hai, vaha sUkSma zarIratajama, pAbhaNa ke vAhana para Amda ho, Age kI yAtrA taya karatA hai| bhAvI jama meM unhI dama garIro ke mAdhyama se puna naye sthUla zarIra kA nirmANa karatA hai / usakI pratriyA aura prama bhI jJAtavya hai / jIva eka janA sthiti ko pUrI kara dUsare janma-sthAna meM AtA hai, saba para gayame pahale mAhAra grahaNa karatA hai, svaprAyogya pudgalo kA AkarSaNa baura maNA paratA hai / maje banatara yaha mamUce jIvana-nirvAha ke liye paudgalipa liyo gA amiya vizAma karatA hai| mAge prANo do cAre daha kisI bhI jIva-yoni me tApana ho, diyo liga dizI puSTa sAladana kI apekSA rahatI hai / yaha nAlavana mAtArI, usane sApa eka viziSTa prakAra kI podgalika zakti pI / jo ina nantra vidyA me "paryApti" ke nAma se pahacAnI bi rA nIdhA apa hai-jedana-dhAraNa meM upayogI podgalika jIva-bigAnakA pAribhApita manda hai / "mbhe polira nAmapra-nirmAta paryApni" (ja.si dIpikA

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jainadharma jIvana aura jagat 24 3 / 10) janma ke prArambha me podgalika sAmarthya ke nirmANa ko paryApti kahate haiM / janma ke prArambha meM tejama-kAmarNa zarIra dvArA gRhIta pudgala samUha se jIva jisa jIvanopayogI paudgalika zakti yA zarIra upakaraNo kA nirmANa karatA hai, vaha paryApta hai| yAnI vaha una gRhIta pudgalo ko AhAra, zarIra, ndriya, mana Adi rUpo meM pariNata kara vaisI paudgalika kSamatAo kA arjana kara letA hai jisame, unI jIvana-yAtrA me kaThinAI na ho / ve zaktiyA mukhyata 6 prakAra kI hotI haiM, ata paryApniyA bhI chaha haiM(1) AhAra paryApti ( 2 ) zarIra paryApti ( 3 ) indriya paryApti ( 4 ) zvAso - cchnAma paryApti (5) bhASA paryApti (6) mana paryApti / jaina tattvajJAna meM do zabdo kA kAphI prayoga hotA hai - paryApta aura aparyApta / paryApta kA sIdhA artha hotA hai pUrNa, aparyApta kA sAmAnya artha samajhA jAtA hai apUgaM / kintu yahA isakA artha bhinna hotA hai / jisa prANI ko jisa jIvana meM jitanI paryApti kA prabaMdha karanA hotA hai, vaha prabaMdha pUrA ho jAtA hai to vaha prANI paryApta kahalAtA hai, java taka vaha kAma pUrA na ho jAye vaha apUrNa hai aparyApta hai / paryApta nirmANa se pUrva hI jisa jIva kI mRtyu ho jAtI hai, vaha bhI aparyApta kahalAtA hai / ye paryAya dehadhArI prANiyoM ke zakti-srota haiM / paryAptiyo ke lAbha (2) jAhAra paryApta ko pUrNa kara lene vAlA prANI zarIra Adi pAnI paryAya yogya pudgala kA grahaNa kara letA hai| isake dvArA vaha jIvana bharane kI kSamatA arjita kara lenA hai| prANa dhAraNa karane pudgano ArpaNa AhAra kahalAtA hai / prANI chaho paryAya (sonA) ke lie jAhAra grahaNa karatA hai / vaha chaho dipA meM diyA jAtA hai| inameM U dizA arthAt mira aura adho dizA arthAta paise se jAhAra kA gahaNa javika mAtrA me hotA hai / AhAra paryApta dvArA jIna jIvana meM AhAra prAyogya pudgalI ke grahaNa pariNamana aura nA jarjita kara lenA hai| 1 (:) para paryApta dvArA zarIra ke agopAMgo kA nirmANa hotA hai|paako zarIrazAstrIya dRSTi se adhika spaSTatA ke mAya mAnatA hai| ho yA manuSya, apane jIvana kA kozikA se prArambha kara manuSya kA ginijana dvArA apane ApakA puna dogunA karatA hai / ima cAhe choTA prArambha rAzi meM karanA hai| eka

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36 jainadharma . jIvana aura jagat liye tathA vyaktiyo ke Ane-jAne ke lie dvAra, jAlI jharokhe tathA khiDakiyA rakhI jAtI haiM, vaise hI cetanA kI razmiyo ke nirgamana tathA prakaTIkaraNa ke mAdhyama haiM-indriyA, zvAsocchvAsa tathA bhASA paryApti / makAna banAne ke bAda makAna-mAlika usakA upayoga AvazyakatA aura mausama ke anusAra karatA hai| jaise sardI me nivAye kamaro kA tathA garmI me ThaDe-havAdAra kamaro kA / khiDakiyo ko kaba kholegA, kaba banda karanAyaha saba bhI usakI upayogitA para nirbhara karatA hai| isI prakAra kaba kyA karanA hai, kaise karanA hai, yaha saba zakti mana paryApti sApekSa hai| ye chaha paryAptiyA sthUla zarIra ke chaha zakti-srota haiM aura tejasa zarIra ke savAdI kendra haiN| inake mAdhyama se hI prANa ke paramANuoM kA AkarSaNa, pariNamana aura utsarjana hotA hai| isakA rekhAkana isa prakAra hai - zvAsocchvAsa paryApti - - indriya paryApti zarIra paryApti bhASA paryApti - - AhAraparyApti mana paryApti zarIra me paryAptiyoM kA sthAna :paryApti sthAna AhAra paryApti svAsthya kendra, zakti-vendra zarIra paryApti nAbhi-tejasa kendra

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mati-cIna-paryApti sadriya pAni mastiSka ke vibhinna bhAga ghAmAcyA payAni nAra vAma nanI aura phrAsAtaka bhASA paryApi agra mamniSka ne bara yA, jyoni-nanda mana pani mastiSya-darzana-rendra kA bhAga / gati yona jIvana ke prArambha meM pUrNa hI nippanna ho jAte haiM, aura jIyA bhara mapriya rahate hai| Azrr paryApti eka samaya meM pUrNa ho jAtI hai| tapA pAca paNiyoM kI nippani ma EUR atamarata samaya lagatA hai, lekina saba meM mili-pAya yA prArambha eka gAya honA hai| gara gamAga prANiyoM meM paryAptiyA rAya gamAna nahIM hotI, uname -TT sAraratA hai| pAca sthApara hAyika jIvo-pracI, jala, pA, maga bora pApati ma pAra paryAptiyA hotI hai, unara bhASA aura 77 mahImA nA viparitoSTiA, nIndriya aura pargiya tapA agazIpidiya jIvo meM pApniyA pAca hotI hai| unake mA nahI honaa| deyo ra pApa pANiyA mAtI, u mA tapA bhASA paryApni yA pendra eka hogaa| aga malaya meM prapama tIna paryApni pUrNa hotI hai| aura dAmA pAga quffer a ga gI hai| ganie nidAna kI bhASA meM 13 mAdA jI7 paryAptikA mAga gatI / ma bAta para ghiunarA R- 17 janA dubaMna hogare vimo prayAsa pI niza pI. frAma soziyAra nahIM hogii| , nisapa aura gAya meM pAniyA ra hotI / mido meM mAnI / patrikA se prApta mI f uTERTI

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jainadharma jIvana aura jagat jIvo ke kramika vikAsa kI dRSTi se indriya, mana Adi kA jitanA mUlya hai, paryAptiyo kA mUlya unase kama nahI hai| ye bhautika hote hue bhI prANa-zakti kI savAlikA hai| cita-zuddhi, mastiSka-vikAsa tathA AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI dRSTi se bhI paryApti-vijJAna bahuta hI mUlyavAn hai / madarma .. 1 jaina niddhAta dIpikA 3/10, 11 (gaNAdhipati zrI tulamI) 2 jaina tanya vidyA pRSTha 9, 25, 28 (gaNAdhipati zrI tulamI) 3 jana darzana manana aura mImAyA pRSTha 256 (AcArya zrI mahApraja) ra prekSAdhyAna-prANavimAna (AcArya zrI mahAprajJa)

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jIvana-zakti-prANa sasAra meM do prakAra ke padAtha haiM-sajIva aura nirjIva / ina dono padArthoM kI racanA rAsAyanika tattvo ke sayoga-viyoga se hotI hai / jIvadravya (proToplAjmA) kI Atarika saracanA me koI rAsAyanika vilakSaNatA vaijJAnika prayogo se middha nahIM huI hai / aisI sthiti me prazna svAbhAvika hai ki phira aimI konasI guNAtmaka bhinnatA hai, jo sajIva aura nirjIva ke bIca bheda-rekhA utpanna karatI hai / jaina siddhAta ke anumAra jIva aura nirjIva kI vibhAjaka rekhA hai - paryApti aura prANa / jiname AhAra karane, zarIraracanA karane tathA zvAsa lene kI zakti hai, ve jIva hai, jiname ye zaktiyA nahI hai, nirjIva haiM / paryApti aura prANa kA yoga hI jIvana hai| inakA viyoga mRtyu hai| mApA-zakti aura ciMtana-zakti jIva ke lakSaNa nahIM haiM, kiMtu ve vikAsa ta agrima viTu hai / hama nirantara apane zarIra ke sAtha rahate haiM / usakI dekhabhAla kA pUrA dhyAna rakhate haiN| usake vikAsa aura svAsthya ke prati sajaga rahate haiN| para zarIra rUpI yatra kina zaktiyo se sacAlita hai-yaha bahuta kama loga jAnate hamArA zarIra jina zaktiyo se sacAlita hai, usame eka mahattvapUrNa zakti hai "prANa" / hamArA sArA jIvana prANa rUpI idhana se hI savAlita hai / ise Adhunika vijJAna kI bhASA me "vAiTala phosa" kaha sakate haiN| jodhana-zakti prANA "indriyavalocchvAsani svAsAyapi" (AcAryazrI tulasI) jaina siddhAMta dIpikA 3/12-13 / prANa kA artha hai jIvanI zakti / jIvana ke lie bhojana, pAnI aura havA jitana Avazyaka haiM, usame kahIM adhika jarUrI hai prANa-zakti / sthUla garIra meM jitanI napriyatA aura gatizIlatA hai usakA garaNa prANa-zakti hI hai / dUsare zabdo me paheM to mana, vANI aura panaM pI sapAdana-zakti kA nAma prANa hai / hamAre garIra nana, citta aura bhAvadhArA meM jo bhI mpadana, prakapana hai, jo bhI ganitIlatA hai, usakA srota hai -prANa kA pravAha / hamAre mAnapAma jo zani, rjA, prayAga aura cumbakIya dhArAe gujaratI hai, ve prANa-zakti meM pramANa hai|

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40 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat prANa-zakti kA mUlya-srota tejasa zarIra hai| tejasa zarIra hamAre samUce sthUla zarIra meM phailA huA hai / phira bhI usake do vizeSa kendra haiMmastiSka aura pRSThabhAga / vahA se nikalakara taijasa zakti zarIra kI sArI kriyAo kA saMcAlana karatI hai / hAlAki taijasa zarIra se eka prakAra kI prANa-zakti pravAhita hotI hai| yaha prANa-zakti sthUla-zarIra ke sAtha juDakara bhaneka prakAra ke kArya karatI hai| kArya-bheda ke kAraNa vaha dasa bhAgo me vibhakta ho jAtI hai| nimnAkita rekhAkana se prANa kI utpatti aura usake paripatho kA spaSTa jJAna ho sakatA hai . - prANa prANa jhona prANa jana prANa pacanamA kAya prANa yAsonyAsa prANa -- -----bANa --- rasama mAga "AyuSya prANa - - - . . . - - - / sa tejasazarIra

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jIvana-zakti-prANa prANa dama haiM1 kSondriya prANa 2 cakSurindriya prANa 3 ghrANendriya prANa 4 rasanendriya prANa 5 sparzanendriya prANa 6 manobala prANa 7 vacana vala prANa 8 kAyavala prANa 9 zvAsocchvAsa prANa 10 AyuSya vala prANa isase jJAta hotA hai ki hamAre zarIra me aneka prakAra kI prANadhArAe hai / indriya kI apanI prANa-dhArA hai / mana, zarIra aura vANI kI apanI prANa-dhArA hai / zvAsa-prazvAsa tathA jIvanI-zakti kI bhI svatatra prANa-dhArAe haiM / cetanA kA tejasa-zarIra ke sAtha yoga hotA hai aura prANazakti utpanna ho jAtI hai / ina prANa-dhArAo ke AdhAra para zarIra kI vibhinna kriyAo kA sacAlana hotA hai / isa sadarbha me eka vAta vizepa jJAtavya hai ki paryApti aura prANa--ye na to cetanA kI vizuddha avasthA meM hote haiM aura na acetana me hote haiN| ye petana aura acetana ke sayoga me utpanna hote haiN| sasAra me jitane prANI hai, ve saba yaugika haiM / cetana aura acetana (pudgala) ke sayoga kI avasthA me haiM / caitanya kA zuddha svarUpa prakaTa na hone ke kAraNa ve kevala paMtanya kI bhUmikA meM avasthita nahIM haiM / ve nyUnAdhika mAtrA me hI sahI anubhava-zakti aura jJAna-zakti se sampanna haiM / imaliye kevala acetana (jaDa) phI bhUmikA meM nahIM haiM balki cetana aura acetana kI sayukta bhUmikA me prANiyo ke zarIra ke mAdhyama se jo kriyAe hotI haiM, ve sava nAtmazakti aura podgalika zakti dono ke pArasparika sahayoga se sampanna hotI hai| paryApti podgalika gakti hai aura prANa Atmika zakti hai| paryAptiyA zakti-srota haiM, jabaki prANa zakti-pendra / iname paraspara phAya-phAraNa-sabadha hai / sacyA-vistAra ko sakSepa meM lene para dono kI sakhyA samAna ho jAtI hai| paryApti prANa jAhAra paryApti jAyupya prANa garIra paryApti bAra bala prANa

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jainadharma : jIvana aura jagat indriya paryApti indriya prANa zvAsocchvAsa paryApti zvAsocchvAsa prANa bhASA paryApti vacanavala prANa mana paryApti manobala prANa ima prakAra ukta paryAptiyA aura prANa sApekSa hai| prANa jIvana-zakti hai aura paryApti bhautika-zakti / jIvana-zakti ko gA podgalika zakti kI apekSA rahatI hai / isaliye pratyeka prANI naye janma ke prArambha me hI aneka prakAra kI podagalika zaktiyo kI racanA karatA hai| jame paryAptiyA saba jIvo meM samAna nahIM hotI, vaise hI prANa-zaktiyA bhI maya me barAbara nahIM hotI / tathApi jIne ke lie kama se kama cAra prANazaktiyA to avazya hotI haiM / zarIra, zvAsa-ucchvAsa, AyuSya aura sparzana indriya -ye cAra jIvanI-zaktiyA prANI-jagata ke jIvana heta AdhArabhUta mAnI jAtI haiM / arthAt jIvana-yApana ke liye kama se kama cAra prANa-zaktiyo kA honA to jArI hai / jaina jIva-vijJAna ke anusAra sabase kama vikasita cetanA vAle jIva haiM-ekendriya-~~pAca sthAvara nikAya ke jIva / uname cAra prANa hai| usake Age cetanA kA jitanA-jitanA adhika vikAsa hotA hai, mIndriya Adi jIvo me prANa-zaktiyA bhI kramaza vikasita hotI haiM / sajJI panendriya jIvo ko damI prANa-zaktiyA upalabdha ho jAtI haiN| prazna hotA hai, tAtvika dRSTi se paryAptiyo aura prANa-zaktiyo ko jAna lene ge yA hamAre astitva aura vyaktitva ke vikAsa kI naI dizAe ughATita ho maratI hai? prekSA-dhyAna aura jIvana vijJAna ke pariprekSya meM isa prazna kA uttara mAgatmaka diyA jA sakatA hai| umana zakti-yoto aura zakti-vendro ke vikAsa me hI vikAsa kI mamagna dizAe praphuTita hotI hai, prapara hotI haiM aura pariSkRta hotI haiM / mage zArIrika, mAnamira, bhAvanAtmaka aura AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI UnAkSyo gohAgina kiyA jA sakatA hai hamAre pratyeka kAryakSetra kI saphalatA mAdhArabhUta tatva panchA zakti kA siAga, makarapa pati kA vikAma, grA cInakti yA bijAga~~ya mAre prANa UrjA vikAsa para nirbhara haiN| prAmApIrI vidyA kA hai| Adhunika vijJAna yAtriya vikAsa aura pira pisAga kA lona pinIyazani, tA vikAga dI hai| mapyUTara, rapaTa tara goTa gAvitAga mI viTanI camanAra hai| darzanamagAra sabhI prANiyoM meM grAma zrI pani prApta hai, para yitA maMtra meM nahIM hotI / manuSya hI para gA prANI hai, T' nA nA nA, bina mA paryApana simara naye

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jIvana-zakti-prANa 43 AyAma me praveza pA sakatA hai / dIrgha zvAsa prekSA, samavati zvAna prekSA, zvAsa sayama, zarIra prekSA, caitanya vendra prekSA, matra, japa Adi prayogo se prANa vidyuta macita, satulita aura vikasita hotI hai / isase manuSya zarIra kA kendrIya-nADI sasthAna aura paridhigata nADI samyAna sazakta banatA hai| mAnavIya mastiSka kI apAra kSamanAe jAga jAtI haiM / bhAvanA-tatra nirmala aura niyatrita hotA hai / isase mAnavIya vyavahAro kA pariSkAra hotA hai, vRttiyo me parivartana hotA hai| ata apekSita hai, hama apane jIvana-vikAsa ke maulika mAghAra "paryApti aura prANa" ko mAra saiddhAtika dRSTi me hI na jAneM, adhyAtma vikAsa tayA sAdhanA ke vibhinna koNo se bhI jaaneN| prekSA-dhyAna ke nAloka me hame yaha bhI jAnane ko milA hai ki paryAptiyo aura prANa-zaktiyo ke mUla pendravindu hamAre zarIra me kahA haiM ? jinakI prekSA kara hama unheM aura adhika nimala eva jAgRna banA sakate haiM / eho paryApniyo se sabadhita dasa prANo ke kendra hamAre mastiSka me indriya paryApti aura prANa ke pAca kendra haiM - (1) mparzana kA kendra-jJAna-pendra aura zAti-pendra ke madhya kA bhaag| (2) rasana kA kendra-vRhat mastiSka aura laghu mastiSka ke sadhi sthala se ghoDA pr| (3) ghrANa kA pendra-cana-pendra kI sIdha me dAye bhAga meN| (4) cakSu kA pendra-zAna-vendra pIche vahat mastiSka ke ata me| (5) prona kA vendra-kanapaTI ko mIdha meM bhItara / (6) mana kA rendramAna pendra / (7) bhASA kA pendra-ramanA-kendra ke nIce / (8) garIra kA vendra-mastiSka ke bilkula sAmane kA bhAga paTana loba / (9) zyAmorayAna kA pendra -- meDUlA ovanogAya-lagha mastiSka ke nIce aura nupamnA gIpa ke uupr| (10) bAhAra-sAyupya prANa pA pandra-hAipopelemana / (mAni pendra) pI nIgha me bhItara gahare meN|

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44 nimnAkita citra se yaha aura spaSTa ho jAegA fo jainadharmaM jIvana aura jagat 5 * * - 9 6 mastiSka meM daza prANa prekSA kendra prANa zakti kA vikAsa bhI paryAptiyo ke vikAsa aura pariSkAra ke vinA sabhava nahI hai | AhAra - sayama, yogAsana, indriya-sayama, zvAsa - sayama, zvAsa- prekSA, mauna, svara yatra kA kAyotsarga tathA dhyAna-yoga - ye kramaza chaho paryAptiyo yA zakti-sroto ko puSTa mora nirmala banAne ke upAya haiM / AdhyAtmika vaijJAnika vyaktitva ke nirmANa meM ukta upAya aha bhUmikA nibhA sakate haiM / saMdarbha 1 jaina siddhAta dIpika - 3 / 12-13 ( gaNAdhipati zrI tulasI ) 2 jaina tattva-vidyA- pRSTha 27 ( gaNAdhipati zrI tulamI ) 3 jaina darzana manana aura mImAmA, pRSTha 256 ( AcAryazrI mahAprajJa ) 4 prekSAdhyAna prANa- vijJAna ( AcAryazrI mahAprajJa )

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zarIra aura usakA AdhyAtmika mUlya hamArA astitva cetana aura acetana kA jaTilatama sayoga hai| cetana hai hamArI AtmA aura acetana hai zarIra / AtmA marUpa hai, arasa hai, agadha hai aura asparza hai, isalie vaha adRzya hai / zarIra se vadhI huI hai, isa dRSTi se dRzya bhI hai / sasArI mAtmA zarIra-mukta nahIM raha sktii| vaha sthUla athavA sUkSma kisI-na-kisI zarIra ke Azrita rahatI hai / cetanA kI abhivyakti kA mAdhyama zarIra hai| AtmA aura zarIra kA sambandha cira-purAtana hai / jana siddhAta kI bhASA meM anAdi hai| paribhASA "sukha-du pAnubhavasAdhanam zarIram" (ja0 ti0 dI0 7/24) / jisa ke dvArA podgalika sukha-duHkha kA anubhava kiyA jAtA hai, vaha zarIra hai| jIva kI jitanI pravRttiyA hotI haiM, ve sava zarIra ke mAdhyama se hI hotI hai| garIra me mAmAnyata hamArA tAtparya isa aspi-mAma-yukta sthUla zarIra se hI samajhA jAtA hai, jise "di phijikala vaoNDI" kahA jAtA hai| para phijikala paoNTI ke migaya bhI kucha aise zarIra hote haiM, jinase hama paricita rahI haiN| jaina tattva-vidyA ke anusAra zarIra ke pAca prakAra haiM(1) audAripa (2) vaicitya (3) AhAra (4) tejas (5) paann| ina pAnI po tIna vargoM meM bATA jA sakatA hai| spala pArIra-audArika zarIra-hADa-mAna nAdi sapta dhAtuno dvArA nirmita parIra / sUkSma zarIra-priya garIra-nAnA spa banAne meM samapaM zarIra / nAhAraka parI -vicAra-savAma garIra / sUkSmatama parIra-jantApamaya zarIra / vAmanagarI-parmanaya matera /

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46 jainadharma : jIvana aura jagat isa vargIkaraNa se spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki audArika zarIra sabase adhika sthala hotA hai / vaikriya zarIra usase apekSAkRta sUkSma hotA hai / usase sUkSma AhAraka zarIra hotA hai / AhAraka se bhI sUkSma hote haiM taijasa aura kArmaNa zarIra / audArika zarIra yaha zarIra rasAdi dhAtumaya hai / sthUla pudgalo se niSpanna hai / yaha mRtyu ke bAda bhI TikA raha sakatA hai ! isa kA chedana-bhedana ho sakatA hai / yaha asthi, majjA, mAsa, rudhira Adi se nirmita hai isalie vizaraNa dharmA hai| yAnI isakA svabhAva hai galanA-milanA aura vinaSTa honA / isa zarIra kA cayApacaya hotA rahatA hai| isa zarIra kI sabase choTI ikAI hai kozikA / pratikSaNa lAkho karoDo kozikAe naSTa hotI haiM aura nayI kozikAe utpanna hotI rahatI haiN| zarIra bhautika hai| Atma-svarUpa kI upalabdhi me yA mukti me bAdhaka hai| avatAra ve hI AtmAe letI haiM jo sazarIrI haiM / siddhAtmAe zarIra-mukta hotI haiM / ve punaH janma nahIM letI / audArika zarIra mukti kA sAdhaka bhI hai / vaha isalie ki mokSa kI sAdhanA aura prApti kevala audArika zarIra se hI sabhava hai| yaha audArika zarIra ekendriya jIvo se lekara manuSya aura tiryaMcapacendriya taka saba jIvo ko prApta hotA hai| vaikriya zarIra bhAti-bhAti ke rUpa banAne meM samartha zarIra vaikriya kahalAtA hai| vikriyA-vibhinna prakAra kI kriyAe ghaTita honA / vaikriya zarIra-dhArI prANI choTA-baDA, surUpa-kurUpa, eka-aneka cAhe jaisA, cAhe jitane rUpa banA sakatA hai / mRtyu ke pazcAt isa zarIra kA koI avazeSa nahIM raha jaataa| yaha pAre kI taraha vikhara jAtA hai| devo aura nairayika jIvo ke vaikriya zarIra hotA hai / manuSya aura tiryaMca me bhI yaha sAmarthya ho sakatI hai / use vaikriya labdhi kahate haiM / vAyukAya me sahaja hI vaikriya zarIra hotA hai / AhAraka zarIra ___ yaha vicAro kA savAhaka zarIra hai| isame vicAra-sapreSaNa kI adbhuta kSamatA hotI hai / viziSTa yoga zakti-sampanna catudarza pUrvadhara muni viziSTa prayojanavaza eka viziSTa prakAra ke zarIra kI racanA karate haiM / use AhAraka zarIra karate haiN| isa zarIra ke dvArA prayoktA hajAro mIlo kI dUrI ko kSaNa bhara me taya kara lakSita vyakti ke pAsa pahuMca jAtA hai|

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zarIra aura unakA AdhyAtmika mUlya 47 usame jijJAsA samAdhAna pA para yA vicAra-vimarza kara puna yathAsthAna A jAnA hai| yaha nArI kriyA unane kama samaya meM ho jAtI hai ki dUsare vyakti kA patA bhI nahI cltaa| jaina-nAmyA meM ullegna jAtA hai ki vinI caudahapUrvI muni ke pAsa yadi pAIyakti jinAmA ne kara Ae, vitu samaya para jAnI muni praznakartA ko gh| uttara dene meM samaya na ho to ve AhAraka nAma kI viziSTa tapojanita zakti dvArA apane pIra me eka hAtha pramANa putalA nikAlate haiM, use sarvaja ke pAsa bhejane haiM, vaha punalA navaM bhagavAna se prazna kA uttara prApta kara pAnI muni ka zarIra meM praviSTa ho jAtA hai : muni uttara pradAna kara prazna gartA ko matuSTa kara dete haiM / padAcit nirdiSTa myAna para marvajJa na mileM to usa punate se vaimA hI dUsarA puna nA nikalatA hai / mavajJa se samAdhAna prAya pahale putale ma praviSTa hotA hai aura pahalA putalA muni ka zarIra ge| muni praznayA kA samAdhAna de satuSTa kara dete haiM / AhAra audArika aura vaMtriya kI apekSA mUkSma hotA hai taNa taMjara aura yAmaNa pI rapakSA sthala hotA hai| phira bhI isakI gati avyavahita hotI hai| pahI rakAnTa nahIM aatii| jAja vijAna pAmanovijJAna ke kSetra me TelIpaMthI tayA "projekzana oNpha paTana vaoNTI prayoga-parIkSaNa kI vyApaka carcA hai / kosmika-re-lesara kiraNopI apAra kSamanAjo pI yoga prayoga aura parIkSaNa ho rahe haiumara 71 ma banira garIra aura AhAraka zarI para vizeSa adhyayana, magInA jAe to jAzcaya pArI rahaspa udghATita ho marane haiN| taMjasa zarIra jAmA pamApao me nitpanna garIra taMjama para hai| yaha tejonA kona - HTTTTI hetu hai / yaha tApamaya zarIra hai| hamArI upamA, madirA aura pati yA mAlara hai |m binA umA utpanna nahIM ho gAto pApA hIratA, "na-macAra nAdi priyAe nahI ho sktii| emApanA ciAo kA sacAlana mI mAgera dvArA hotA matA agni-madatA yA hetu / agni pI maTanA meM pratyeka prAni sAhI hA nIgI nurapanamA do rAya haiM { piir-tmaancaalaa| 2 kssmtaa| emAge kI .ni / AdhAra prA. natva ta una marIra meM hI para parI me pare bhAcAya prANayAna aura napA

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jainadharma . jIvana aura jagat vaijJAnika "vAiTala baoNDI" bAyo ilekTrIkala plAjmA kahate haiM / sIdhI bhASA me kaheM to yaha vidyutIya zarIra hai / UrjA kA apAra bhaDAra hai| vaijJAnika AkaDe batAte haiM ki manuSya-jIvana ko sacAlita karane ke lie jitanI pravRttiyA hotI haiM, una pravRttiyo me jitanI vidyut yA UrjA khapatI hai, usase eka baDI kapaDe kI mIla calAI jA sakatI hai| eka bacce kI zArIrika kriyAo me jitanI vidyut khapatI hai usase rela kA ijana calAyA jA sakatA hai / __ manuSya-zarIra kI pratyeka kozikA meM apanA svatatra "pAvara-hAUsa" hai, jahA vidyut-UrjA utpanna hotI hai / usI se pUrA zarIra-tatra sakriya rahatA sUraja, vAyu tathA ananta AkAza meM vyApta sUkSma tarago se bhI nirantara UrjA milatI rahatI hai| usase bhI tejas zarIra puSTa hotA rahatA prANa-vAyu oNksIjana zarIra ke bhItara jAkara kozikAo ko UrjA pradAna karatI hai| isase taijasa zarIra bhI prabhAvita hotA hai / prANamaya koSa ko nirmala aura pAradarzI banAne ke lie prANa ko sAdhanA Avazyaka hai| aisA yoga ke AcAryoM kA abhimata hai| ____ matra-japa prANAyAma aura dIrgha zvAsa ke abhyAsa se taijasa zarIra ko prabhAvita kara usame chipI ananta zakti ko ujAgara kiyA jA sakatA hai| vicAra-tantra aura AbhA-maNDala ko bhI prabhAvita kiyA jA sakatA hai| kArmaNa zarIra jJAnAvaraNIya Adi ATha karmoM ke pudgala-samUha se nirmita zarIra kArmaNa zarIra yA karma-zarIra hai| yaha pUrvavartI audArika Adi cAro zarIro kA kAraNa hai, isa dRSTi se ise "kAraNa zarIra" bhI kahA jAtA hai / yaha sUkSmatama zarIra hai / isake binA sthUla zarIra kA nirmANa sabhava nahI / kArmaNa zarIra ke mAdhyama se hI AtmA eka zarIra se dUsare zarIra meM praveza karatI hai yA dUsare zarIra kA nirmANa karatI hai| audArika zarIra janma sabadhI hai / vaikriya zarIra janma sabadhI bhI hai (devo aura nArako ke) aura labdhijanya bhI / AhAraka zarIra yoga-zaktijanita hI hotA hai / ye tIno zarIra sthUla haiM, avayavI haiM / taijasa aura kArmaNa sUkSma zarIra haiM / mRtyu ke bAda bhI jIva ke sAtha rahate haiM / sasArI AtmAo ke do yA tIna zarIra sadA rahate haiN| kucha AtmAo me pAco zarIroM ke nirmANa kI kSamatA rahatI hai| kama se kama do zarIra- taijasa aura kArmaNa to pratyeka sasArI AtmA ke sAtha rahate hI haiN| inakA AtmA ke sAtha anAdi sambandha hai| ina donoM zarIro ke chUTate

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garIra gaura umarA AdhyAtmika mUlya 49 hI AtmA mukta ho jAtI hai / phira use samAra me paribhramaNa karanA nahIM ptttaa| jamA ki hamane jAnA tejama aura vAmaNa ye do mUSTama garIra pratyeka mamArI prANI ke hote haiM / para usake mAya bhI jJAtavya hai ki ve vala ina do garIge me AtmA adhiA samaya taka nahI raha sktii| vaha kevala atagala gati (eka janma me dUsare janma-sthAna meM jAna ke mahara kA samaya) me hote haiM / nayA janma lene hI uma tImarA garIra dhAraNa karanA hotA hai / sUkSma zarIra aura Adhunika vijJAna ina cAnIga varSoM meM parAmanovijJAna ke kSetra me sUkSma zarIra se sambandhita sapho prayoga parIkSaNa hA hai| usama sudhama zarIra aneka rahamya banAyA hai| niraniyAna poTAgrAphI vAbhAmaNTana kA phoTo lene me saphala miTa ma me vimAna jagan nI dhAraNA bhI unI hai ki ina sthala zarIra me pare nI ta puraTa hai / isake bhItara huma yahA sUkSma jaga hai| marate hue AdamI 7 phoTa' liyA gayA, tava aisA lagA ki isa mAgera jaMgI AvRti garIra se bAhara A rahI hai / prAyamika prayogo ne ho papatA hai ise AramA mAnA ho, para vAstava meM yaha sUkSma zarIra hI hai / AramA amUrta hai, vaha dRzya nahIM bana sakatI / jaina-darzana ke anusAra sUkSmatama magara ja ya ta sahama catu parzI paramANu kadho se nirmita hai| pa"mANa svadha do prakAra ke hote haiM --catuparzI aura ayasparzI / aTArI paramANu ravadho me bhAra hAtA hai| vidhana-Adeza hotA hai| prasphuTana hotA hai aura spUna avagAhana hAtA hai uname Toma avarodha ke pAhara jAne pI kSamatA nahI rotI / catu spargI pudgAna sagho me bhAra nahIM rogaa| hote haiM, 7 bhaage| uname vidyA Apa nahI honA / unako pani pratilotI hai| sampatrita hotI hai| ve dIvAra ke pAra jA marate hai / sUkSmatama gerI paramAo ne banA huA hotA hai| pagamodina pI bhASA meM pA jAtA hai yi sakSama garIra " patrilona" paNo me nimita hai / pampa puganI pI bhAni "nyUnilona" calo meM bhI bhAra, viyata-mAdeza prApuTana nahI hotA / vizAna una yo p| bhItara mAtA hai| para gammata mAnakarI monira hai, ponara / ho pAtA hai dina ye sArIpaSTa bhApA nahI, salie use bhopi rae detA hai| ina bAtamora sAkAra para sahama ra ra hai| para motira hai| podAra hai| catu mpanI pugaNe ne TH nilona" para bhI jore sapane nahIM dero gamarase hai| usa dUsare romAda sarpa hotA hai ta dena para lagAte hai|

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50 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat hI sUkSma paramANu hamAre sUkSma zarIra kA nirmANa karate haiM / AdhyAtmika mUlya karma zarIra saskAroM kA vAhaka hai / janma-janmAntaro kI saskAraparamparA isake sAtha jur3I huI hotI hai / vyakti kA caritra, jJAna, vyavahAra, vyaktitva, kartRtva-ina sabake bIja karma zarIra me hI sannihita haiM / jIneTika sAisa ke anusAra vyakti ke AkAra, prakAra, saskAra kA mUla AdhAra "jIna" hai| mAnava zarIra me lagabhaga eka lAkha tIsa hajAra kisma ke 'jInsa" haiN| pratyeka jIna-zRkhalA me DhAI araba "besa" athavA AdhAra-kaNa ke joDe hote haiN| inhI ke AdhAra para vyakti kA vyaktitva banatA hai| karma zAstrIya dRSTi se vyaktitva kI vicitratA kA mUla karma zarIra hai| karma zarIra cetanA ke sarvAdhika nikaTa hai| caitanya kI razmiyo ko rokane vAlI sudRDha dIvAra hai / caitanya ko prakaTa karane ke lie usakA haTanA Avazyaka hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA-"dhuNehi kamma sarIraga"-karma zarIra ko prakampita kro| durbala kro| isake samApta hote hI janma-paramparA samApta ho jaaegii| isakA prArambha audArika zarIra kI siddhi aura zuddhi se hotA hai| isake lie zarIra ke kriyA-tatra, vicAra-tatra aura nADI tatra kA zodhana aura sayama kara granthi tantra ke srAvo ko badalA jA sakatA hai| usakA phalita hai bhAva-zuddhi / bhAva-zuddhi se lezyA pavitra hotI hai| pavitra lezyA adhyavasAya ko prabhAvita karatI hai| pavitra adhyavasAya se kArmaNazarIra prakampita hotA hai / janma-janmAntaro ke saskAra kSINa hote haiN| mUrchA TUTatI hai aura cetanA kA sUrya samagratA se prakAzita ho uThatA hai / Aja apekSA hai, zarIra kA saiddhAtika aura zarIra-zAstrIya adhyayana bhI adhyAtma ke sadarbha me kareM aura cetanA ke kendra taka pahucane kA patha prazasta kreN| - sadarbha.-1 ghaTa-ghaTa dIpa jale, pRSTha 59, 60 AcAryazrI mahAprajJa / 1 jaina-siddhAta dIpikA 7/24-28 / 2. jaina tattva-vidyA pR0 21,22 / 3 prekSAdhyAna, zarIra vijJAna / 4 sabodhi-~13/pRSTha 287-288 /

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pUrvajanma aura punarjanma janma aura mRtyu nArvabhauma niyama hai / manAra kA koI bhI prANI pApA nahI hai| jo janmA hai vaha nizcita maratA hai / hamAre jIvana ke do chora hai eka jAma, dUsarA mRtyu / ina dono ke bIca jovana dhArA amara pravAhita hai| jIvana, janma aura mRtyu ye tIno hamAre pratyakSa hai| praznatA hai - ina tInoM se pare bhI pucha hai kyA ? janma se pahale kyA bhA manyu Jiu pazcAt kyA hogA ? ye prazna nAdi yuga me lekara Aja taka rahasyamaya bane hue hai ? ? bhagarAna mahAvIra ne yahA - 'aneka vyakti yaha nahI jAnate meM kauna se jAe aura yahAM jAUMgA ? vaijJAnika zodha aura prayogo ghI parArASThA ke ega yuga meM bhI yaha prazna utanI hI tIvratA se pUchA jA rahA hai / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne "nano vo uttarita parane ye tIna mAyasya kA pratyakSa anubhava, zAniyo kA anubhava tathA dUmaro pe -zravaNa / " aura yadyapi sabhI pUrvIya ko pazcimI vastitvavAdI dAno ne pUrvajanma purama vo svIkAra kiyA hai| phira bhI bhAratIya darzano yA bhUta jAdhAra pratyakSa para jora pAniyo kA anubhava hA hai upA pazcimI bhirahA hai| jana-darzana aura janmAntara kA siddhAnta

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jainadharma . jIvana aura jagat bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA -- "jAvaMta'vijjA parisA savve te dukA samayA / luppati bahuso mUDhA, masArami annte|" (uttarAyaNANi 11) jitane bhI avidyAvAna ajJAnI prANI hai, ve gaba dugo ko utpanna karane vAle haiN| ve ananta sasAra meM bAra-bAra naSTa-vinaSTa hote rahate haiN| mRtyu ko prApta karate rahate haiM / AtmA kI kAlikatA ke binA ananta bAra mRtyu sabhava nhii| "na tassa duzya vimayati nAipro, na mittavaggA na suyA na vadhavA / ekko saya paccaNahoI dupa, phattArameva aNujAI phamma / / uttarajjhayaNANi 13/23 sukha-dugna sabake apane apane hote haiM / imIlie uma avidyA-janita du kha ko na jJAtijana bATa sakate haiM. na mitra bATa marate haiM, na bandhu-bAdhava / apane kRta kama svaya ko hI bhogane paDate hai / kyoki kama sadA kartA kA anugamana karatA hai| isase spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki nirantara kriyAzIla jIvAtmA apanI sata-asat pravRtti se kama-malo kA sacaya karatI rahatI hai / pUrvakRta karmoM kA phala bhoganA taNa nae saskAro ko sacaya karanA umakA svabhAva hai / unhI sacita saskAroM kI preraNA se vaha bAra-bAra janma aura mRtyu kI atahIna paramparA me parAvartana karatA rahatA hai| cAra gatiyo aura caurAsI lAkha jIva-yoniyo me sukha-du kha kA savedana karatA rahatA hai / yahI hai punarjanmavAda / punarjanma kI pratIti karane vAle yA use pratiSThita karane vAle mukhyata tIna srota haiM 1 pratyakSa-jJAnI aura dArzanika / 2 taakik| 3 vaijJAnika / pratyakSa jJAniyo ne anubhava ke AdhAra para pratipAdita kiyA- janma ke pahale bhI jIvana hotA hai aura mRtyu ke bAda bhI jIvana kI dhArA puna cAla ho jAtI hai / vartamAna to madhyavartI virAma hai jisakA pUrva aura pazcAta nahIM hotA usakA madhya bhI nahI hotA / jisakA madhya hai usakA pUrvApara bhAva bhI nizcita hotA hai| vartamAna jIvana janma-paramparA kI madhyavartI kaDI hai| vaha pUrva kaDI aura apara kaDI se juDI hai / ve kaDiyA hI pUrvajanma eva punarjanma haiN|

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pUrva janma aura punarjanma punarjanma ke sAdhaka hetu agadI dArzanikoM ne bhI nAnA hetuoM me janmAntaravAda ko siddha yA unameM se haiM 1zuma bhI pa, gova, bhaya nAdi kI vRttiyA hotI hai | 2 zizu janmate hI mAM vA stanapAna karane lagatA hai / 3 usame hamane najAdi kI pravRttiyA hotI hai / use gudu Adi kI anubhUti hotI hai / 5 usa jIvana kA moha aura mayurA bhaya hota hai / yaha samasyA vA hI pariNAma hai| usakI ukta vRttiyA aura pravRttiyAM pUrvAbhyAsa kI paricAyaka hai / pUrvAbhyAsa punajanma ke vinA sabhava 7 yAda putra jIvana meM ye vRttiyA paricita nahIM hotI to natpanna midhu meM ye ga minatI hai ? (zrI madhu nyAyayaniyA 7 / 9-10 ) / bacce kI cha miyA se aisA lagatA hai ki usa putra janma sivAna kI pUNanA va pAraNa vaha use yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai mahabhI pUrvaja aMga covana uttaravasthA hai / moma yo jAtismRti pUjana smaraNa / - 53 kA jJAna hai smRti hai / mArIvyakta nahIM kara sktaa| ise zava ko uttaravartI avasthA hai, parane vAlA mamatta pramANa hai

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jainadharma jIvana ora jagat 54 panapI ora phalI phUlI hai, vaise isakI rAmarekhA meM eka aisI dhArA bhI sadA bahatI rahatI hai jo punarjanma ko svIkAra nahI karanI tathA pUrvapakSa kA bharapUra virodha bhI karatI hai / usake anusAra na pUrva janma hotA hai aura na punajanma / vartamAna jIvana ho satya hai yathArtha hai / ye do dhArAe dArzanika kSetra me barAbara calatI rahI hai / eka ko Astika kahA jAtA hai aura dUsare ko nAstika | eka hai AtmA ko mAnane vAlI dhArA aura dUsarI hai AtmA ko na mAnane vAlI dhArA / yadyapi nAstika bhI AtmA ko - cetanA ko sarvathA asvIkAra nahI krte| phira bhI ve usako mAtra vArtamAnika mAnate haiM, traikAlika nahIM / unake abhimata se cetanA svataMtra dravya nahI hai / kucha aise tattvo yA paramANuoM kA sayoga hotA hai, jisase eka vizeSa prakAra kI zakti utpanna hotI hai / vahI cetanA hai, jA zarIra ke sAtha utpanna hotI hai aura zarIra ke vinAza ke mAtha vinaSTa ho jAtI hai | mRtyu ke samaya ve vizeSa prakAra ke paramANu vikhara jAte haiM, unake sAtha cetanA bhI vikhara jAtI hai / jaba taka jIvana, taba taka cetanA / jIvana samApta, to cetanA bhI samApta / usake bAda kucha nahI bacatA / na pahale netanA, na bAda me cetanA / na pahale jIvana, na bAda me jIvana / na pUrvajanma, na punarjanma / jo kucha hai, vaha vartamAna hI hai / na atIta, na bhaviSya | isa prakAra tAkiko ne punarjanma ke siddhAta ko asvIkRta kara diyA / isa prakAra asvIkRti ke pIche unakA Thosa tarka yaha hai ki zarIra hamAre pratyakSa hai, para cetanA pratyakSa nahI / yadi cetanA jaisI koI kAlika sattA hotI to jarUra dRSTi kA viSaya banatI / zarIra me praveza karate aura nikalate samaya vaha avazya dikhAI detI / dUsarA taka unakA yaha hai ki yadi pUrvajanma kA astitva hai to usakI smRti sabako honI cAhie / mRtAtmAo se saparka banA rahanA cAhie / vitu 1 aisA hotA nahI hai / yadi kahI kucha ghaTita hotA bhI hai to virala 1 ghaTita ghaTanAo kI prAmANikatA asadigdha nahI, isalie jIvana kA atIta aura bhaviSya tarka se siddha nahI hotA / janmAntara ke vijJAna kI 1 tArkika kI bhAti vaijJAniko ne bhI lambe samaya taka siddhAnta ko svIkAra nahI kiyA thA / isakA kAraNa yahI hai ki pahuca bhI bhautika jagat taka hI thI / usake prayoga aura parIkSaNa kA kendra - biMdu padArtha yA pudgala hI rahA / jaba se vijJAna ne sUkSma jagat ke rahasyo ko pakaDanA prArambha kiyA, eka naI krAti ghaTita huI / AtmA ko usane svIkAra kiyA yA nahIM, para bhautika jagat me kucha abhautika tattva bhI haiM - yaha vizvAsa nizcita vaijJAnika kSetra me panapA hai / punarjanma ko svIkArane yA na svIkArane ke pIche mukhyata do avadhArae kAma kara rahI haiM - AtmavAdI dhAraNA aura anAtmavAdI athavA bhautika

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pRyajama aura punarjanama pATI dhArA sAmavAdI ganimone yA kisAna ne yahI mAnA ki vaha jagata mAtra bhogira / pAnaniya / unI mAnyatA acAraNa bhI nahIM thii| yA pugatanI ma pare nI hai, yaha jAnana yA mAdhana bhI unheM pana yA pRgana pI mImA meM rahane vAlA vyakti vAtmA taka kame para 7 77 lAmA ra po binA jIvana kI lambI-paramparA jJAna 6 / nomA meM hI AratI / prana vAtmA bA, abhautika tattva kaa| nAmA mama / , bhautika, laya hai| hamAre bhAna / sAdhana mpanI gati miramAre pAna ke mAdhyama hai - indriyAM mana ge / nA.mAnatI me paM. nAga mAtmA kA zAna jA sAlI / mRl| lAramA amRta hai| mUtaM me mUtta mArA jA 77TTI TIya melA meM jAgaraNa ma hI AtmA / 3 TRITI | cAramA prAvi mattA hai| nAma-umA rogI vAtrA ragI, bora prakAra meM TIfTim 7 77 rano kA mAdhyama banatA / / IRRETIT jora me kA prabhAdita bhI yoga hai| gata 7 protyAga - yA yAtra dhArapa paratAre / / IRRITI: mAra mora dUra pA nirmANa 2 - 11 T H ra satA rahA ya nama AtmA pama-mukta na gA /

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54 jainadharma * jIvana aura jagat panapI aura phalI-phUlI hai, vaise isakI samarekhA me eka aisI dhArA bhI sadA bahatI rahatI hai jo punarjanma ko svIkAra nahI karatI tathA pUrvapakSa kA bharapUra virodha bhI karatI hai| usake anusAra na pUrva janma hotA hai aura na punarjanma / vartamAna jIvana ho satya hai yathArtha hai / ye do dhArAe dAza nika kSetra me barAbara calatI rahI haiM / eka ko Astika kahA jAtA hai aura dUsare ko nAstika / eka hai AtmA ko mAnane vAlI dhArA aura dUsarI hai AtmA ko na mAnane vAlI dhArA / yadyapi nAstika bhI AtmA ko-cetanA ko sarvathA asvIkAra nahIM karate / phira bhI ve usako mAtra vArtamAnika mAnate haiM, kAlika nahI / unake abhimata se cetanA svatatra dravya nahI hai| kucha aise tattvo yA paramANuo kA sayoga hotA hai, jisase eka vizeSa prakAra kI zakti utpanna hotI hai / vahI cetanA hai, jo zarIra ke sAtha utpanna hotI hai aura zarIra ke vinAza ke sAtha vinaSTa ho jAtI hai / mRtyu ke samaya ve vizeSa prakAra ke paramANu bikhara jAte haiM, unake sAtha cetanA bhI bikhara jAtI hai| jaba taka jIvana, taba taka cetanA / jIvana samApta, to cetanA bhI samApta / usake bAda kucha nahI bacatA / na pahale cetanA, na bAda me cetanA / na pahale jIvana, na bAda me jIvana / na pUrvajanma, na punarjanma / jo kucha hai, vaha vartamAna hI hai / na atIta, na bhaviSya / isa prakAra tArkiko ne punarjanma ke siddhAta ko asvIkRta kara diyaa| isa prakAra asvIkRti ke pIche unakA Thosa tarka yaha hai ki zarIra hamAre pratyakSa hai, para cetanA pratyakSa nahI / yadi cetanA jaisI koI traikAlika sattA hotI to jarUra dRSTi kA viSaya banatI / zarIra me praveza karate aura nikalate samaya vaha avazya dikhAI detI / dUsarA tarka unakA yaha hai ki yadi pUrvajanma kA astitva hai to usakI smRti savako honI cAhie / mRtAtmAo se saparka banA rahanA caahie| kiMtu aisA hotA nahI hai / yadi kahI kucha ghaTita hotA bhI hai to virala / ghaTita ghaTanAo kI prAmANikatA asadigdha nahI, isalie jIvana kA atIta aura bhaviSya tarka se siddha nahI hotaa| tAkiko kI bhAti vaijJAniko ne bhI lambe samaya taka janmAntara ke siddhAnta ko svokAra nahI kiyA thaa| isakA kAraNa yahI hai ki vijJAna kI pahuca bhI bhautika jagat taka hI thii| usake prayoga aura parIkSaNa kA kendravidu padArtha yA pudgala hI rahA / jaba se vijJAna ne sUkSma jagat ke rahasyo ko pakaDanA prArambha kiyA, eka naI krAti ghaTita hii| AtmA ko usane svIkAra kiyA yA nahI, para bhautika jagat me kucha abhautika tattva bhI haiM-yaha vizvAsa nizcita vaijJAnika kSetra me panapA hai / punarjanma ko svIkArane yA na svIkArane ke pIche mukhyata do avadhAraNAe kAma kara rahI haiM -AtmavAdI dhAraNA aura anAtmavAdI athavA bhautika

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pUrvajanma aura punarjanama vAdI dhaarnnaa| anAtmavAdI dArzaniko ne tathA vijJAna ne yahI mAnA ki yaha jagat mAtra bhautika hai / podgalika hai| unakI yaha mAnyatA akAraNa bhI nahIM thii| kyoki pudgala kI sImA se pare bhI kucha hai, yaha jAnane kA sAdhana bhI unhe upalabdha nahIM thA / pudgala kI sImA me rahane vAlA vyakti AtmA taka kaise pahuca sakatA hai ? AtmA taka pahuce vinA jIvana kI lambI-paramparA jJAna kI sImA me nahI A sakatI / prazna hai AtmA kA, abhautika tattva kA / AtmA sUkSma hai, abhautika hai, adRzya hai / hamAre jJAna ke sAdhana sthUla haiM / unakI zakti sImita hai| hamAre jJAna ke mAdhyama haiM-indriyA mana aura buddhi / AtmA ina tIno se pare hai| inake dvArA AtmA kA jJAna - AtmAnubhUti nahI ho sakatI / ye mUrta haiM / AtmA amUrta hai| mUrta se amUrta ko nahI jAnA jA sakatA / atIndriya cetanA ke jAgaraNa se hI AtmA kA anubhava hotA hai / AtmA traikAlika sattA hai / isIlie vaha janma-janmAntaro kI yAtrA karatI huI, aneka prakAra ke zarIro kA nirmANa karatI hai / zarIra sukha-dukha ke savedano kA mAdhyama banatA hai / cetanA ke vikAsa aura hrAsa se vaha prabhAvita bhI hotA hai / jaise vyakti eka jIrNa vastra ko tyAga kara nayA vastra dhAraNa karatA hai vaise hI AtmA mRtyu ke bahAne eka zarIra ko choDa dUsare zarIra kA nirmANa karatI hai / yaha krama tava taka calatA rahatA hai, jaba taka AtmA karma-mukta na ho jaae| pUrvajanma aura punarjanma ko tArkika AdhAra para siddha aura asiddha karane ke prayatna hae, para tarka kabhI satoSaprada samAdhAna nahIM de sktaa| tarka se kabhI antima pramANa siddha nahI hotaa| pramANa hotA hai, atIndriyajJAna yA prayoga-parIkSaNa / vartamAna me atIndriya jJAnI yA pratyakSa jJAnI hame upalabdha nahIM haiM, phira bhI vaijJAnika khojo ne isa dizA me nae AyAma khole ava yaha viSaya sadigdha nahI rahA hai ki pUrva janma hotA hai yA nahIM parAmanovaijJAniko ne isa dizA me jo prayatna kiyA hai usase dharma kA kSetra bhI upakRta huA hai / unhone punarjanma sambandhI ghaTanAmo kA sakalana kara una para jo vaijJAnika adhyayana-vizleSaNa kiyA hai, usase punarjanmavAda siddha hotA unhone aisI ghaTanAo kA ullekha kiyA hai, jinako paDhakara Azcarya hotA hai / aneka bacco ne apane pUrvajanma kA varNana kara navako caukA diyaa| parIkSA do kamoTI para ve ghaTanAe prAya satya sAvita huii| unheM dekha-sunakara ve loga nI vismita ho rahe haiM, jinakA vizvAsa AtmA aura punarjanma meM

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jainadharma jIvana aura jagat nahI thA / apekSA hai vijJAna aura parAmanovijJAna ke sAtha bhAratIya adhyAtmavijJAna vaha prakriyA prastuta kare, jisase vikasita cetanA kA svAmI manuSya svaya apane atIta aura anAgata kI avasthAo yA janmo kA anubhava kara cetanA ko adhyAtma ke nae AyAma me praviSTi de sake / prAgaitihAsika kAla se lekara Aja taka sasAra ke aneka dezo kI vibhinna jAtiyo me pUnarjanma kA vyApaka vizvAsa jamA haA hai / barmA, cIna, jApAna, tibvata, pUrvI dvIpa samUha, lakA, bhArata Adi dezo me to punarjanma kI mAnyatA ke binA dharma kI bhI siddhi nahIM hotii| hindU, jaina aura bauddha jagat kA prAya zata-pratizata aura IsAI jagat kA bahumata isa siddhAta kA anugAmI hai / vAstava me vizva kI eka tihAI se adhika janasakhyA punarjanmavAda ko svIkAra karatI hai| una-una dezo ke tattva-citako aura dharmAcAryoM ne aneka yuktiyo se, toM se tathA apane nijI anubhavo se punarjanma ko siddha kiyA hai| apane vizvAsa ko puSTa kiyA hai / bhAratIya paramparAeM jaina-dazana / anusAra prANI yadi satkarma karatA hai to usakA acchA phala bhogatA hai / yadi vaha asatkarma karatA hai to usakA burA phala bhogatA hai| kucha kamoM kA pala usI jIvana me bhoga liyA jAtA hai aura kucha kamoM kA phala vaha agale janma me bhogatA hai / kucha aise bhI nibiDa karma hote haiM jo prANI ko janma-janmAntaro taka prabhAvita karate rahate hai| unhe bhogane ke lie vaha aneka bAra sadgati aura durgati ko prApta karatA hai| satkarmoM ke phana-bhoga ka upayukta sthAna aura vAtAvaraNa kA milanA sadgati hai aura asatkarmoM ka phala-bhoga ke upayukta sthAna, vAtAvaraNa Adi kA milanA hI dugati hai| ___ bhagavAn mahAvIra AtmA, paraloka, punarjanma aura pUrvajanma ke prabala samarthaka the / unhone kahA-"paraloka nahI hai"-aisA mAnanA aura ciMtana karanA mUDhatA hai| bhagavAna ne kahA- "sasArI prANI apane kRta karmoM ke anusAra naraka, tiyaMca, manuSya aura deva - isa catutimaya sasAra me paribhramaNa karatA rahatA hai| unhona yaha bhI batAyA ki prANI kI kauna-sI vRtti aura pravRtti kaunasI gati kA nimitta banatI hai| mahAhiMsA, mahAparigraha, pacendriyavadha aura mAsAhAra ye durgati naraka gati ke hetu hai / vividha prakAra ke zIla-sadAcAra kA pAlana karane vAle vyakti devakalpo va usake Upara ke devaloko kI Ayu kA bhoga karate haiM / (uttarAdhyayana 3/13-15)

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pUrvajanma aura punarjanma devatAo ke AvAsa uttarottara uttama, moha-rahina aura dyutimAna hote haiN| ve devo me AvINa hote haiN| vahA rahane vAle deva yazasvI, dIrghAyu, RddhimAna, dIptimAna, icchAnusAra rUpa dhAraNa karane vAle, abhI utpanna hue ho-~- esI kAti vAle aura sUrya ke samAna mahAtejasvI hote haiM / (uttarAdhyayana 5/26-27) isI prakAra jaina-Agamo me sabhI prakAra kI jIva-jAtiyo kA vistRta vivecana milatA hai / usake AdhAra para punarjanma kA siddhAta suspaSTa ho jAtA hindu dharma meM sarvaprathama Rgveda me paraloka sabadhI mAnyatA kI sUcanA milatI hai / isake bAda uttaravartI sAhitya me pracura sAmagrI milatI hai / Rgveda ke anusAra puNyAtmA paraloka me apanA puraskAra prApta karate haiM aura hatyAre adhAgRha (pAtAlaloka) me bheje jAte haiN| upanipad, brAhmaNa sAhitya tathA sahitA-sAhitya ke adhyayana se siddha hotA hai ki hindU-paramparA me bhI punarjanma, pUrvajanma Adi kI spaSTa avadhAraNA hai / jaino kI taraha vaidika dharma me bhI AtmA ko anazvara mAnA gayA hai| bauddha dharma yadyapi anAtmavAdI hai, kSaNikavAdI hai phira bhI punarjanma kI mAnyatA umame bhI rahI hai| tathAgata buddha ke paira me kATA laga gyaa| isakA rahasya udghATita karate hue unhone khaa-"bhikssuo| isa janma se ikANave valpa pUrva maiMne kisI zastra dvArA eka purupa kI hatyA kara dI thii| usI karma ke vipAka svampa merA pAva vATe se bigha gayA hai|" jAtaka kathAmo me bhI buddha ke pUrvajanmo kI kathAe sakalita haiM / sayukta nikAya me buddha kahate haiM .."sabhI jIva mareMge / mRtyu me hI jIvana kA anta hotA hai| unakI gati apane karmAnusAra hogI, pApa karane se naraka aura puNya karane se svarga prApta hotA hai, isalie sadA puNya karma kareM, jisase paraloka banatA hai| apanA kamAyA puNya hI paraloka me kAma AtA hai|" bauddha-darzana kI yaha nizcita mAnyatA hai ki satva (prANI) aneka janmo me sasaraNa kara apane karmoM kA bhoga karatA hai| usame bhI vartamAna jIvana ke karmaphala kA savadha bhAvI janmo te mAnA gayA hai| jaina-darzana kI bhAti bauddha-darzana meM bhI yoniyA mAnI gaI haiM, jinhe vuddha pravacana me bhUmiyA kahA gayA hai| ve bhUmiyA cAra haiM--(1) apAya bhUmi (dugatiyA - naraka, tiyaMca, preta aura asura) (2) kAmasugata bhUmi (mugatiyA-- manuSya aura kucha deva jAtiyA), (3) rUpAvacara bhUmi (viziSTa deva jAtiyAM) aura (4) arUpAvavara bhuumi| isase yaha bhI jJAta hotA hai ki bauddha darzana meM jaina-darzana kI bhAti cAra gatiyo kA siddhAta bhI mAnya

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58 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat mizra aura yUnAnI paraMparAeM bhArata kI taraha mizra aura yUnAna kI prAcIna paramparAo me bhI AtmA ke AvAgamana kA siddhAta mAnya rahA hai| vizva me itihAsa janaka mAne jAne vAle yUnAnI itihAsavettA heroDoTsa kA mata hai ki AtmA ke AvAgamana ke siddhAta kA prastotA hone ke kAraNa punarjanmavAda kI mAnyatA kA cAhe vaha avikasita rUpa me hI kyo na ho mizra hI Adi srota rahA hai / mizra ke vicArako ne hI sarvaprathama jIvAtmA kI avinazvaratA kI kalpanA kI hai| yahA taka ki yUnAna ke dArzaniko ne AtmA ke AvAgamana ke siddhAta ko mizra se hI sIkhA aura kAlAtara me AtmasAt kara liyA / yUnAnI dArzanika pleTo kI bhASA isa tathya ko pratidhvanita kara rahI hai / unhone kahA-"mAtmA sadA naye-naye vastra bunatI hai| tathA usame eka aisI naisargika zakti hai jo dhruva rahatI hai aura aneka bAra janma letI hai|" yaha dUsarI bAta hai ki mizra vAle AtmA ko zarIra kI chAyA mAtra mAnate the / usakA svatatra astitva nahI mAnate the| isalie AtmA ke amaratva ko sthAyI rakhane ke lie hI mizra me zava-parirakSaNa kI prathA rahI hai / unakA vizvAsa hai ki mRtyu ke pazcAt AtmA abAdha rUpa se kahI bhI A jA sakatI hai, lekina use vahI lauTa AnA paDatA hai, jahA usakA zava rakhA huA hotA hai| IsA ke eka hajAra varSa pUrva vebIlona ke dakSiNa hisse para zAsana karane vAlI cAlDarsa jAti ke logoM kA bhI yahI vizvAsa thaa| unakI mAnyatA thI ki mata zarIra ke naSTa kara die jAne para AtmA bhI naSTa ho jAtI hai.| AdamI ke mara jAne para bhI yadi zarIra surakSita hai to AtmA bhI surakSita rahatI hai / isalie uname bhI zava-parirakSaNa kI prathA thii| ve mRta zarIra ke punarutthAna aura uname nava-jIvana ke sacAra me vizvAsa rakhate the| murde ko phUlo se Dhaka kara gADane kI prathA ke pIche paraloka kA vizvAsa kAma karatA thaa| maraNoparAta jIvana ke astitva kI mAnyatA hI isakA kAraNa ho sakatI hai| IsAI aura islAma paramparAeM IsAI-dharma punarjanma ko nahI maantaa| kintu aneka agreja vidvAno eva vaijJAniko ne saiddhAtika rUpa se punarjanma ko svIkAra kiyA hai| suprasiddha agreja kavi varDasavartha ne apanI kavitA "amaratva kI kRti" me likhA hai"jo AtmA jIvana-nakSatra kI bhAti hamAre sAtha utpanna hotI hai, usakA kahI anyatra bhI udbhava hai|" IsAI mata me punarjanma kI mAnyatA hai hI nahI aisA

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pUrvajanma aura punarjanma to nahI kahA jA sakatA, phira bhI punarjanma kI mAnyatA vahA sarva-sammata bhI nahI hai| IsA ke janma se do sau varSa purAne aura usa samaya ke zaktizAlI dhama-sampradAya --- "emenesesa" dharmAvalaviyo me jIva ke zubha-azubha kRtyo ke phala bhogane kI mAnyatA rahI hai / IsAI mata para isa mAnyatA kA prabhAva bhI par3A hai| eka janmAdha vyakti ko IsA ke sAmane prastuta kiyA gyaa| IsA ne ise pUrva janma ke aparAdho kA phala btaayaa| punarjanma ko na mAnane vAle islAma Adi dharmAnuyAyI dezo kI aisI aneka ghaTanAe sAmane AI haiM jo Adhunika anveSakA ko punarjanma ke savadha me punacitana karane ke lie prerita karatI haiN| una dezo me aise aneka vyakti pAe gae haiM jo apane pUrvajanma kI ghaTanAo kA sahI-sahI varNana karate haiM / DaoN sTIvansana ne pUrvajanma se sabadhita jina sAta sau ghaTanAo kA Akalana aura vaijJAnika adhyayana kiyA hai uname aneka IsAI aura islAma dharmAnuyAyI bhI hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki IsAI aura islAma AcAra-darzana yaha to mAnatA hI hai ki vyakti apane naitika zubhAzubha kRtyo kA phala anivAryatayA prApta karatA hai / yadi vaha isa jIvana me pUrA phala na bhoga sake to vaha maraNa ke vAda bhogatA hai| isa prakAra ke siddhAto ke AdhAra para cAhe anacAhe ve maraNottara jIvana ko svIkAra kara hI lete hai / pAzcAtya dArzanika aura vaijJAnika navIna pAzcAtya dArzanika zApanahAvara kI dRSTi me punarjanma ni sadigdha tattva hai / unhone itanI sahajatA se svIkAra kiyA hai ki merA anubhava aisA hai ki punarjanma ke bAre meM jo bhI pahale-pahala sunatA hai use bhI usakA astitva spaSTa ho jAtA hai / / Adhunika yuga ke aneka parAmanovaijJAniko tathA bhUtavidyA ke zIrSasya jAnakAro ne aise pramANa ekatrita kiye haiM jo mRtyu ke bAda bhI jIvana ke astitva ko vAstavika batAte haiM / pAmasa hapanale, rAbarTa mAyasa aura DaoN0 je0 vI0 rAina jaise vikhyAta pazcimI citako ne nAtmA ke janasvara rUpa aura maraNoparAta jIvana kI sthiti meM apanA vizvAsa prapaTa kiyA hai| vatamAna yuA devala mAnyatA pA vA dAzanika sthApanAno kA yuga nahIM hai| para vajAnika purA hai / prayoga aura parIkSaNa kA yuga hai| usI siddhAta so yuga kI svIkRti prApta hotI hai jo prAyogika haa| hajAro zatAndiyo

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jainadharma . jIvana aura jagat taka punarjanma aura pUrvajanma kA jo siddhAta mAtra mAnyatA yA dArzanika carcA kA viSaya rahA thA, bIsavI sadI ke uttarArdha se vaha bhI prayoga aura parIkSaNa kI aNu-bhaTTI me tapAyA jA rahA hai| Adhunika vijJAna kI eka shaakh| hai-parAmanovijJAna / isa para risarca karane vAle isa tathya taka pahuce haiM ki jIvana kI eka lambI paramparA hai| usakA atIta bhI hai aura bhaviSya bhI hai / usake kucha buniyAdI hetu haiM, jaise zizukAlIna avasthA me vilakSaNa pratibhA kA honA / zizu-avasthA se hI vibhinna ruciyo athavA bhaya Adi ke bhAvo kA honA / deha-mukta AtmAo se samparka sthApita karanA aura usake sadezo ko prApta krnaa| mAdhyamo athavA siddha puruSo dvArA vyakti vizeSa ko dekhakara usake pUrvajanmo kA kathana karanA / isa kSetra me bhArata tathA videzo me bahuta bar3A kAma ho rahA hai| isa viSaya kA sAhitya pracura mAtrA meM prakAzita huA hai| isa dRSTi se kahA jA sakatA hai ki sabhI darzano kI dhArmika paraparAe jo AtmA ke AvAgamana ko svIkAra karatI haiM, ve saba manovijJAna aura parAmanovijJAna kI RNI haiM, jisake anusadhAnAtmaka Aloka me prAcIna dhArmika mAnyatAe sahI siddha ho rahI haiN| punarjanmavAda kI svIkRti me hI AtmavAda, karmavAda aura nirvANavAda kI sArthakatA hai| yahI AcAra-zAstra kA AdhAra hai| pavitra jIvana kI preraNA hai / pavitra AcAra-vyavahAra jahA vyaktigata sukha-zAti kA hetu hai| vahA vaha sAmAjika aura rASTrIya caritra ko prabhAvita kara use svasthatA pradAna karatA hai| saMvarma 1 jaina-darzana manana aura mImAsA, pRSTha 295 2. zrI bhikSa nyAyakaNikA 7/9-10 3 ghaTa-ghaTa dIpa jale, pRSTha 53-61 4 zrI puSkara muni abhinandana grantha, khaDa 4, pRSTha 378

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puNya aura pApa zubha karma puNyam / azubha karma pApam || - ( jaina siddhAta dIpikA, 4 / 12, 14) sAmAnya bhASA me satkarma ko puNya aura asatkarma ko pApa kahate haiM, kintu jaina tattva-darzana kI bhASA me zubha karmoM kI udayAvasthA ko puNya aura azubha karmoM kI udayAvasthA ko pApa kahA jAtA hai / satkarma aura asatkarma kramaza puNya aura pApa dhana ke nimitta haiM / kAraNa me kArya kA upacAra hone se loka vyavahAra me puNya aura pApa zabda satkriyA tathA asatkriyA ke artha me prayukta ho jAte haiM / Atma-pradezo ke sAtha badhe hue karma-pudgala jaba taka udaya me nahI Ate, taba taka jIva ko sukha-dukha Adi kI anubhUti nahI hotI / jaba baddha pharma udaya me Ate haiM aura sukhada dukhada savedana ke nimitta banate haiM, taba ve puNya-pApa kahalAte haiM / sAta vedanIya, zubhanAma, uccagotra aura zubha AyuSya karma puNya hai / athavA ime yo bhI kaha sakate haiM ki zubha karmoM ke udaya se jIva ko sukha savedana, zubha nAma, ucca-gotra aura zubha AyuSya kI sthiti prApta hotI he / bevidA dANavidA ya, garidA je ya vissutA / puNNa- phammodayanbhUta pIti pAvati povara // isa dharatI para jitane bhI vizva vizruta devendra, dAnavendra athavA narendra hue haiM, ve sava puNya karmoM ke udaya se hI jana-jana ke prIti pAtra vane haiM | unheM paryApta janapriyatA prApta huI hai / pharma- zAstrIya vyAkhyA bhI yahI hai, jaine zubhanAma varma ke udaya me zarIra kA saundarya, dRDhanA, jana priyatA Adi upalabdha hote haiM / zubhagotra vamaM ke udaya me uccatA, lokpUjyatA Adi prApta hote haiN| zubha AyuSya varma ke udaya se sukhada dIrghAyu prApta hotI hai / sAta vedanIya kama ke udaya te zArIrika aura mAnasika sukha kI anubhUti hotI hai / puNpa-badhana kA hetu - jitane bhI prakAra ko satpravRtti hai, vaha puNyadhanA hetu hai / ahitaka, aparigrahI, tyAgI sAdhu-sato kI sAdhanA me sahayoga

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62 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat karanA - yaha bhI eka satpravRtti hai, puNya - bandhana kA hetu hai / isa sahayoga - bhAvanA se sadgRhastha sato kI adhyAtma-sAdhanA meM Alambana banate haiM | navatattvo ke vivecana me puNya-tattva ke nau bheda batAe gae hai, yaha ukta dRSTikoNa kA phalita hai / jisa nimitta se puNya kA bandhana hotA hai, vaha puNya usausa nAma se abhihita ho gayA / jaise sayamI ko zuddha anna-dAna se hone vAlA zubha, karma - bandha anna-puNya kahalAtA hai, vaise hI pAna-puNya layana-puNya, zayanapuNya, vastra- puNya, mana-puNya, vacana-puNya, kAya puNya aura namaskAra puNya jJAtavya hai / isakA artha yaha nahI hai ki puNya - bandhana ke hetu itane hI haiM / vAstava me puNya-bandhana ke hetu aneka haiM / yaha vivecana vizeSa to vivakSA ke sadarbha me kiyA hai / puNya kA hetu satpravRtti - ekatva kI vivakSA se pratipAdana kareM to kaha sakate haiM, puNya - badhana kA eka mAtra nimitta hai - satpravRtti / usake binA puNya kA bandhana nahI hotA / satyapravRtti mokSa kA upAya hai isalie vaha dharma hai / dharma ke binA puNya nahI hotA / jaise anAja ke sAtha "khAkhalA " - tuSa paidA hotA hai, para tuSa ke lie khetI nahI kI jAtI, vaha prAsaMgika phala hai / vaise hI dharma ke sAtha puNya kA bandhana hotA hai para puNya ke lie dharmArAdhanA vihita nahI hai / dharma - sAdhanA Atma zuddhi ke lie kI jAtI hai, puNya usake sAtha sahaja hotA hai / vaha dharmAcaraNa kA prAsaMgika phala hai / kucha paramparAe puNya kA bandhana svatantra mAnatI haiM, unake abhimata se mithyAtvI ke dharma nahI hotA, para puNya kA bandhana hotA hai / tattva- citana kI kasauTI para yaha mAnyatA kharI nahI utaratI / yadyapi mithyAtvI ke savara dharma nahI hotA, para nirjarA dharma to hotA hI hai, vahI usakI Atarika zuddhi kA nimitta hai / anyathA midhyAtvI prANI samyaktva ko kaise prApta kara sakatA hai? dharma aura puNya dharma ke binA puNya nahI hotA / puNya kA dharma ke sAtha avinAbhAvI sambandha hai, phira bhI dharma puNya eka nahI haiM / dono sarvathA bhinna haiM / dharma jIva hai, kyoMki vaha jIva kI pravRtti hai / puNya ajIva hai, kyoki vaha zubha karma hai / karma paudgalika hai, isalie ajIva hai / dharma mukti kA hetu hai, puNya bandhana hai ata sasAra kA hetu hai / dharma, AtmA kI paryAya hai, puNya pudgala kI paryAya hai / nirjarA-dharma satkriyA hai, puNya usakA prAsaMgika phala hai / pApa-azubha karmodaya azubha karmoM ke udaya ko pApa kahate haiM / jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya,

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puNya aura pApa mohanIya aura atarAya ye azubha kama haiM / zepa cAra karma zubha, azubha dono haiM / aNubha karmoM kI udayAvasyA pApa hai / upacAra se pApa karma-bandhana ke hetu bhI pApa kahalAte haiN| ve mukhyata aThAraha haiM, jaise-1 prANAtipAta pApa, 2 mRpAvAda pApa, 3 adattAdAna pApa, 4 maithuna pApa, 5 parigraha pApa, 6 mAgha pApa, 7 mAna pApa, 8 mAyA pApa, 9 lobha pApa, 10 rAga pApa, 11 upa pApa, 12 kalaha pApa, 13 abhyAkhyAna pApa, 14 paizunya pApa, 15 para-parivAda pApa, 16 rati-arati pApa, 17 mAyA mRSA pApa aura 18 mithyAdarzanazalya pApa / jimake udaya se AtmA azubha pravRtti me prerita hotI hai, vaha mohanIya karma bhI pApa kahalAtA hai / jaise-jisa mohodaya se prANI hiMsA ke lie prerita hotA hai, vaha prANAtipAta pApa kahalAtA hai| java asatya me pravRtta hotA hai taba vaha mRpAvAda-pApa kahalAtA hai / jaise - dharma aura puNya bhinna haiN| vame hI adharma aura pApa bhI bhinna haiM / adharma asat pravRtti hai aura pApa usake dvArA AkRSTa azubha karmoM kI udayAvasthA hai / adharma cetanA kI vaibhAvika pariNati hai aura pApa karma-pudgalo kI pariNati hai| zubha-azubha karmoM kI vaddhAvasthA kramaza dravya puNya-pApa hai aura udayAvasthA bhAva puNya-pApa / kama-pudgala java taka udaya me nahI Ate, phalazUnya rahate haiM, taba taka "vandha" kahalAte haiM / jaba udaya me Akara cetanA ko prabhAvita karane lagate haiM tava puNya-pApa kahalAte haiN| puNya-pApa-dono bandhana haiM vyavahAra ke dharAtala para puNya kAmya aura pApa akAmya mAnA jAtA hai| hara adhyAtma kI bhUmikA me ye dono hI tyAjya haiM / puNya aura pApaye dono hI paudgalika hone ke kAraNa Atmodaya ke vAdhaka tattva haiN| dono vandhana haiN| dono veDiyA hai / atara itanA hI hai ki puNya sone kI veDI hai jora pApa lohe kI veDI / para veDI Akhira hI hai| bandhana kA hetu hai| sI prakAra puSpa aura pApa dono bandhana haiM, mukti ke vAdhaka haiN| puNya kI kAmanA pApa yApi puNya kA vandhana matkriyA ke dvArA hotA hai, zubha yogo kI prabattine hotA hai / bhayoga meM nirjarA hotI hai aura sAtha me puNya kA vadhana to hotA hai / lekina puNya ke lie sakriyA karanA madhyAtma-sAdhaka ke lie pirita narI hai| sAdhA tapa sAdhanA lAdi nAtma-zuddhi ke lie kare, nirjarA lie pAre, para puSya kI kAmanA se na kre| kyoki puNya mukti kA sAdhata sIpa -- --- - - -

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jainadharma . jIvana aura jagat kI icchA karatA hai / bhautika sukho kI icchA karanA pApa hai-bandhana kA hetu puNya se vaibhava, vaibhava se mada, mada se mUDhatA aura mUDhatA se pApa kA AcaraNa hotA hai / pApa du kha kA hetu hai / isa prakAra puNya kI paramparA dukha -gabhita hai| puNya kI AkAkSA ve hI karate haiM, jo paramArtha se anabhijJa katipaya dhArmika paramparAe puNya ke lie satkriyA kA samarthana karatI haiM / AcArya zrI bhikSu ne isa mAnyatA ko svIkRti nahIM dii| Agamika AdhAra para unhone siddha kiyA ki dharma ke binA pUNya kA svatatra bandhana nahI hotA tathA puNya kI icchA se dharma karanA anucita hai| unhone kahA-jo puNya kI kAmanA se tapa sAdhanA Adi karate haiM, ve makriyA ke suphala se vacita raha jAte haiN| puNya catu sparzI-karma-pudgala haiM / jo usakI icchA karate haiM ve mUDha haiM / ve dharma aura karma ke marma ko nahIM samajhate / puNyodaya se hone vAle bhautika sukho me jo prasanna tathA anurakta hote haiM ve karma kA sagraha karate haiN| dukha-paramparA ko Age baDhAte haiN| nizcaya dRSTi se dekhA jAe to puNya kI abhilASA karane vAlA bhogo kI abhilASA karatA hai / bhoga naraka, tithaMca Adi gaticakra me paribhramaNa kA hetu hai / zrImajjayAcArya ne likhA hai-puNya kI icchA mata karo, vaha khujalI roga jaisA hai, jo prArambha me priya lagatA hai, kintu usakA pariNAma virasa hai| svarga, cakravartI Adi ke sukha-bhoga bhI nazvara haiM / jaina Agamo ne gAyA - aihika yA pAralaukika kAmanA kI pUrti ke lie tathA yaza-pratiSThA Adi kI prApti ke lie tapa mata karo / vaha mAtra nirA ke lie kro| vedAta ke AcAryoM ne kahA-mokSArthI ko kAmya aura niSiddha dono hI prakAra ke karma me pravRtta nahI honA cAhie / yahA kAmya aura niSiddha karma kA vAcyArtha puNya aura pApa hI hai| sAmAnyata puNya kAmya hai aura pApa nipiddha / adhyAtma ke tIrthayAtrI ke lie dono varNya haiM / jaina-darzana ke anusAra puNya aura pApa ke kSaya se mukti hotI hai / karmakSaya ke lie akarma vananA Avazyaka hai / pravRtti-nirodha se kama-nirodha hotA hai| sAdhanA ke prArambha me amatkarma kA nirodha hotA hai| eka bhUmikA taka pahucane ke pazcAt satkarma kA bhI nirodha ho jAtA hai / yahI karma-kSaya kI prakriyA hai yahI dukha-kSaya kA upAya hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne 'sUyagaDo' sUtra meM pahA na kammuNA kamma khati vAlA / akammuNA kamma khati dhIrA //

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puNya aura pApa karma me kmakSaya nahI hotA / dhIra puruSa akarma se karma kSaya karate haiN| gItA kA zikSApada hai buddhimAna vaha hai jo sukRta (puNya) aura duSkRta (pApa) dono kA parityAga kre| ina sandarbho se siddha ho jAtA hai ki adhyAtma sAdhaka ke lie puNya aura pApa dono tyAjya haiN| tattva-mImAsA kI yAtrA me dharma aura adharma tathA puNya aura pApa kA samyak avavodha karanA nitAta apekSita hai| dharmAdhamo puNya-pApe ajAnan tatra muhyati / dharmAdharmI puNya-pApe, vijAnan nAtra muhati / / -sabodhi 2/40 jo vyakti dharma aura adharma tathA puNya aura pApa ko nahIM jAnatA, vaha isa viSaya me mUr3ha hotA hai / jo inheM samyak rUpa se jAnatA hai, vaha isa viSaya me mUr3ha nahI hotaa|

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70 jainadharma : jIvana aura jagat vaha svatatra bhI hai aura pUrvokta cAro sUkSma pravRttiyo kI abhivyakti kA hetu cAra sUkSma vRttiyA azubha hI hotI haiM / yoga zubha aura azubha do prakAra kA hotA hai| azubha yoga se azubha karmoM kA vandha hotA hai| zubha yoga se zubha karmoM kA bandha hotA hai aura sAtha me nirjarA bhI hotI hai| jaise kucha auSadhiyA rogo kA nAza karatI haiM aura zarIra kA poSaNa bhI karatI haiM, ThIka yahI svabhAva aura kAya zubha yoga kA hai| sAdhaka pahale azubha kA tyAga karatA hai aura dhIre-dhIre zubha karma bhI chUTa jAtA hai / / zubha pravRtti jaba phalAzasA aura vAsanA se zUnya hotI hai, taba kramaza nivRtti kA vikAsa hotA hai| pUrNa nivRtti kI sthiti me AtmA ke bandhana nahI hotaa|

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mokSa aura mokSa ke upAya dAtmanaH svarUpAvasya jaina-dharma aura mokSa jaina-dharma kA lakSya hai-mokSa / yahI hai jaina sAdhanA kA gantavya jigara / kRtsnapharmakSayAdAtmanaH svarUpAvasthAna mokSaH / -0 si0 vI0 5/19 samasta karmoM kA Atyantika kSaya hone para AtmA apane jJAnadarzanamaya svarUpa meM avaspita hotI hai, usakA nAma mokSa hai| dUsare zabdo meM baddha AtmA kA mukta honA hI mokSa hai / isa dRSTi se mukta AtmA aura mokSa bhigna nahIM hai / jisa avasthA me kamaM-pudgalo kA grahaNa ruka jAtA hai aura gRhIta phoM kA sapUrNa kSaya ho jAtA hai, vahI mokSa hai| jaina-darzana ke anusAra AtmA apane kAraNo me hI vandhatI hai aura apane kAraNo me hI mukta hotI hai| dUsarA koI bhI use bAMdhane vAlA yA mukta karane vAlA nahIM hai / ___AtmA aura pArma kA sambandha anAdikAlIna hai, phira bhI ucita upAyo dvArA usa sabaMdha pA bhI bata ho sakatA hai| jaise dhAtu-modhana pI prakriyA se dhAtu aura miTTI balaga-alaga ho jAte haiM, vaige hI adhyAtmasAdhanA kI viziSTa prakriyA dvArA AtmA karma-bandhana se mukta ho jAtI hai| jaina siddhAta vI bhASA me mukta nAtmAno ko siddha pahate haiN| mida bhagavAn pho buddha, mukta, paramAtmA, paramezvara yA Izvara nAma se bhI abhihni virA jAtA hai / siddhAramAe bananta haiM / isIlie jana-darzana ekazvaravAda ko ravIra nahIM prtaa| karma-mukta hote hI AtmAe lorAna-lopA-jIpaM taka pahaba jAtI / / pahI unakA raNayo nivAsa hotA hai| unake nivAsa-spala ko middha-mitA parate haiM / unakA dUsarA nAma hai ---"pityAgabhArApRthvI / ' mana-pramaNa yA hetu hai-rAga-dveSa / muttAramAno meM gaga-pagamUda naSTa ho jAte haiM, tolie unakA punarjanma nahIM hotaa| ye punamaMtrI haiM / moha meM mana, vANI naura pamaM nahIM hai| peTa manIra meM hote hai| misa gorI hai, isIlie bharA hai| moTara me jAmA maccidAnanda svarUpa ho gatI hai| dara lAmA ko dastA hai| muda-dugha, gama-salAma, ma-mRtla, diu?

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72 jainadharma * jIvana aura jagat use kabhI prabhAvita nahIM karate / vaha dehAtIta hai, dvandvAtIta hai| prazna hotA hai ki jaba bandhana aura mukti dono AtmA ke adhIna haiM to phira jIvAtmA bandhana se mukti kI dizA me kaise prasthAna kara sakatI hai ? bandhana-mukti kI prakriyA kyA hai ? jaina sAdhanA-paddhati ke anusAra mokSa ke upAya haiM -samyag jJAna, darzana aura cAritra / eka dRSTi se dekhA jAe to jJAna, darzana aura cAritra AtmA kA svarUpa hai| mokSa kA artha hai -svarUpa kI upalabdhi yA svarUpa me avasthiti / umakA upAya hai -savara aura nirjraa|" jaise kisI bahuta bar3e tAlAba ke jalAgama ke sroto ko banda kara diyA jAe, bhItara ke pAnI ko jala-praNAliyo dvArA bAhara nikAla diyA jAe tathA bace-khuce pAnI kA sUraja kI prakhara kiraNo se avazoSaNa ho jAe to tAlAba kramaza khAlI ho jAtA hai, sUkha jAtA hai, vaise hI AtmA kI ora Ane vAle karma-pravAha kA savara dvArA nirodha kara denA aura anta. sthiti karma-malo kA nirjarA dvArA niSkAsana aura avazoSaNa kara denA, yahI hai mukti kI prkriyaa| isase karma-pudgalo kA grahaNa ruka jAtA hai aura pUrvabaddha karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai / aisA hone para AtmA siddha-buddha, paramAtmarUpa me avasthita ho jAtI hai / aba usake pAsa sasAra me rahane kA koI kAraNa nahI raha jAtA / ataH vaha nirvANa ko prApta ho jAtI hai / tAtparya kI bhASA me mokSa ke sAdhaka tattva do haiM-savara aura nirjarA / dUsare zabdo me nivRtti aura sat pravRtti / savara-mokSa kA pahalA upAya hai-savara / AzravanirodhaH savara / jai. si dI 5/1 mokSa ke bAdhaka aura sAdhaka tattvo kI carcA meM Asrava ko bAdhaka tathA savara aura nirjarA ko sAdhaka mAnA gayA hai| savara AtmA kI vaha pariNati hai, jisase Asrava kA nirodha hotA hai / savara mokSa kA prakRSTa hetu hai / vaha Atma-sayama karane se upalabdha hotA hai / savara Asrava kA pratipakSI hai| isIlie jitane Asrava haiM, utara hI savara haiM / Asrava ke pAca vibhAga haiM to saMvara bhI pAca prakAra kA hai / samyaktva savara-yathArtha tattva-zraddhA kA nAma samyaktva hai| jIvaajIva Adi nau tattvo ke prati samyaka zraddhA kA honA tathA viparIta zraddhA kA tyAga karanA samyaktva savara kA svarUpa hai| yaha mithyAtva Asrava kA pratipakSI hai| viparIta savara-bAhya padArthoM ke prati anAsakti athavA azubha yoga kA tyAga virati savara hai| isake do rUpa haiM-deza virati aura sarva

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mAtra vora mokSa ke upAya viti / sapApa-pravattiyo kA Aziva nyAga deza virati aura jIvana mara papie sapUrNa tyAga sarva virati hai / virati savara avirati Asrava kA pratipakSI hai| apramAda savara-Atma-vikAsa ke prati jAgarUka bhAra apramAda makara hai| isa sthiti meM pahuMcane ke pazcAt vyakti pApakArI pravRtti nahIM kara gAtA / yaha pramAda Azrava kA pratipakSI hai| apAya savara krodha, mA, mAyA bora loma kA nirAdha karanA jApAya gavara hai| vame rAga-dveSAtmaka uttApa jitanA kama hotA hai, utanA hI kapAya kama hotA hai| para akapAya savara phalita hotA hai papAyara marvacA tANa hona se / yaha upAya Anava kA pratipakSI hai| ayoga-savara yoga yA aya hai pravRtti / pravRtti yA nirodha karanA ayoga mavara hai / pravRtti do prakAra kI hotI hai -zubha yora nazuma / nagama pravRtti kA pUrNa nirodha vrata (virati) mavara hai| zubha pravRtti kA gapUNa nigedha yoga mapara hai / java naka corI kA mapUrNa nirodha nahI hogA, uma yoga-gapama ko ayoga sapara kA namUga mAnA jAtA hai / jayoga vara kI mpini me pahana jAne meM tatkAla bAda jIva mukta ho jAtA hai| ina pAna savaro me pahane samyaktva ma para sonA', phira viti hotI hai| usake pazcAt pramaga apramAda, jarupAya aura prayoga kI sthiti upalabdha hotI hai| vaise sabara meM jaya prakAra banAye gae hai, para ve vibhinna virakSAko meM AdhAra para varNita haiN| sabarobIla bheda bhI kAphI prasira / mAmAnyana usakA samAvega ena pAca bhedo me ho jAtA hai| nirjarA - "tapanA pamavicdezAdAtmanaM malya nirjarA / tapasyA dAga kama -mala kA dindevAne ne jo jAtmA pI cinadi, ujyamA hoge hai, use gAstrIya bhASA me nijarA marate haiN| nijarA rA kAna pAya haitapa / galie tapa ko bhI nirjarA yahate hai / jaina nAdhanA yA vistAra tara hai jApAra parahanA hai / lapavArahaprakAra hai| isalie una mAdhanA-pAna po "hA noyAga' bhI kahate ranirA tapApalijana ra ghI bhAti mijaMganI bAraha pracAra 1 mA mAradhina yA zidadhira jAhA-parivAra / 2 kodarI nAmA pata purAno mAmalA janAnI hai |m pAna-pAra dAno manitimI bhoga-mAna pAlIkaraNa garI tapa / bhisAparI dUra mafram . dina KITra vigAre dvArA bhArata dari-17 - moTi

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74 jainadharma . jIvana aura jagat karanA vRtti-sakSepa hai| 4. rasa-parityAga-dUdha, dahI, ghI Adi sarasa-snigdha padArthoM kA varjana karanA, asvAda kA abhyAsa karanA rasa-parityAga hai| 5 kAlakleza-vibhinna Asano dvArA zarIra ko sAdhane kA nAma kAyakleza hai| 6. pratisalInatA-indriya, mana Adi kI vahirmukhI pravRtti ko antarmukhI banAnA pratisalInatA hai| __tapa ke ukta chaha prakAro ko bAhya tapa kahate haiN| ye vizeSa rUpa se sthUla zarIra ko prabhAvita karate haiM aura bAhyarUpa se dikhAI dete haiM, isalie inhe bAhya-tapa kahate haiM, tathApi mataraga tapa ko puSTa karane me inakI aha bhUmikA rahatI hai / tapoyoga kI yAtrA me khAdya sayama kA pahalA sthAna hai / bAhya tapa ke cAra bheda isI pariprekSya me kie gae haiN| sAdhanA ke vikAsa hetu yaha mAvazyaka bhI hai / khAne ke sayama ke vinA sayama aura tapa kI agrima bhUmikA taka nahI pahucA jA sktaa| acchAI kA prArambha AhAra-zuddhi ke vrata se hotA hai| AhAra-zuddhi se saskAra-zuddhi, saskAra-zuddhi se vicAra-zuddhi aura vicAra-zuddhi se vyavahAra-zuddhi hotI hai| bAhya tapa kI bhAti ataraga tapa ke bhI chaha prakAra haiN| 1 prAyazcitta doSa kI vizuddhi ke lie prayatna karanA prAyazcitta haiN| isase AtmA nirmala hotI hai / RjutA-pUrvaka prAyazcitta karane se mana kI granthiyo kA mocana hotA hai aura nayA granthipAta nahI hotA / 2. vinaya-karmoM kA apanayana karanA vinaya kA AdhyAtmika pakSa hai / aha-visarjana, baDo kA bahumAna aura unake prati asad vyavahAra kA varjana vinaya kA vyAvahArika pakSa hai| 3. vaiyAvRtya-sahayoga kI bhAvanA se sevA-kArya me juDanA vayAvRtya hai / isa tapa kI ArAdhanA karane vAlA choTo-baDo kI apekSAmo ko samajha kara sevA-bhAvanA aura kartavya-niSThA se unakA sahayogI banatA hai| pUrNa AtmArthI bhAva kA vikAsa hone para hI vayAvRtya kiyA jA sakatA hai / yahA AdhyAtmika sevA hI tapa kI zreNI meM AtI hai| vahI nirjarA kA kAraNa hai| 4. svAdhyAya-AdhyAtmika grantho ke adhyayana, manana aura nididhyAsana kA nAma svAdhyAya hai| 5. dhyAna - mana kI ekAgratA tathA yoga-nirodha kA nAma dhyAna hai| isase citta-zuddhi aura Antarika nirmalatA kA vikAsa hotA hai / dhyAna kI mantima niSpatti hai-jJAtA-draSTA bhAva ko jAgRta kara Atma-svarUpa meM avasthita honaa|

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mAya bara moTAra pa ___ yAni / yaha marIra meM prAramma Eni jAganA rAga yamana dugoM kA mana bagne rAmAnA gayA TIET THI, mAnagika aura bhAvanAtmaka 11 mAjaEPI nAra-jatina mo samasyA se chuTakArA milatA for prA. padAdaragraha yA vijana, mahayoga pA jana, gavagA gijana aura po vijana / ___ prasAra vana ETrmarInaviparama meM prabhAvita gama ma maraNa nA mokSa mAdhanA meM jannaga hetu ITTEAle ye pAya tara sapanIprIma jAte hai / bAgha nArI bhAti magaramapana magera pramApita , aisA pratIta nahIM hotA, pitu bhItara hI gAtara garavAra (rAma) zarIra ma visphoTa karane kI pratiyA paratI hai| jaira-dhama jara priyApArI nahI hai / nA ugame gAta tapa pI pratiSThA maa| 7-dhama barA vA anuSThAna joTiyora mana aa simara paratA tathA yama-garIra pAtA hai / vAma garIra kA tApaka hone meM hI rApa Adimaya milanA pomapAdita kara sapanA hai| rAga aura para-ya hai, dimAgha 1. mAtmA ge pada para paare| sacama gera napa rAmAdharAmebAramA vibhAgamunA, svabhAva me rivAjAnI ra nAyara kI jApAma diya jyAti prasTa ronI yA dhana bhAgopha meM bhara jAnA hai sapA pRSa madahokara mukta ho jaataa|maas-gysthaa meM pradesa mukA- samAna hotI hai / jipA dvAra sagarama lie palA / nAmapara aura nijagapI mAdhanA : mamapita ho

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jaina darzana meM dravyavAda hama jisa duniyA me jIte haiM vaha agaNita rahasyo ke ghero meM kaida hai| pratyeka buddhimAna yA citanazIla vyakti una dhero ko pAra kara satya ke kendra taka pahucanA cAhatA hai, yathArthatA kA bodha karanA cAhatA hai / darzana-jagat aura vijJAna-jagat apane-apane Dhaga se ina rahasyo ko anAvRtta karane ke lie vizva ke svarUpa kI carcA karate haiN| isa sandarbha me jaina-darzana kA matavya sarvathA maulika aura adbhuta hai / kaI dRSTiyo se vaha Adhunika vijJAna kI avadhAraNAo se bhI samAnatA rakhatA hai| jaina-darzana meM vizva ke lie 'loka' zabda prayukta huA hai| loka ke svarUpa kI vivecanA me vaha paJcAstikAyavAda yA SadravyavAda kA vizadatA se pratipAdana karatA hai / loka kI vyAkhyA kA AdhAra chaha dravyo kA astitva hI hai / ananta AkAza ke jisa bhAga me chaha dravya haiM, vaha loka hai| loka bhASA me dravya zabda kA artha hai-vastu, padArtha yA mettr| samUcA vizva padArtho se yA vastuo se bharA par3A hai| para darzana kI bhASA me una saba vastuo ko dravya nahIM kahA jAtA / mUlabhUta padArtha yA vastu (alTImeTa riyalTI) ko hI dravya kahA jAtA hai / jaina-darzana ke anusAra samana vizva kI saracanA yA vyavasthA ke maulika aga chaha haiN| unhe SaD dravya kahate haiN| yaha vizva SaDdravyAtmaka hai| vizva me jitane bhI padArtha apanA vAstavika astittva rakhate hai, una sabakA samAveza ina chaha maulika dravyo me kiyA gayA hai| ina chaha dravyo kI vyAkhyA hI vizva svarUpa kI vyAkhyA hai| dravya kisI bhI padArtha ko maulika dravya kI sajJA tabhI mila sakatI hai, javaki usame apanA koI eka vizeSa lakSaNa aisA ho jo anya dravyo me na mile aura usa dravya me usakA astitva sadA-sarvathA banA rhe| avasthAparivartana ke bAvajUda bhI usa guNa-dharma kI dhruvatA lakSita vastu me avazya upalabdha ho, isa paribhASA ke anusAra vizva-vyavasthA ke hetubhUta ye chaha dravya dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla, pudgala aura jIva / iname pAMca astikAya haiMdharmAdharmAkAzapudgala jIvAstikAya pravyANi / -ja. si. vI. 1/1

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ttM n 4 dT 1/* , z}yY, IFiirfs1, s mfk f , |frwaa17 | 'tsnst ---- -- zkhmaapi A | 'db-binfg 6 n t kh }5 'ii/? :3 ar rl+ / 'u, ze ikh gi X/ -i ziyns1 | j X/ X/ yaaci ; , 9 pTif* : i'i Y 7 su gr3} { } gi>> / n-ntr qitsugs- gic =n}7 Ti rikaan F , shi771/ 7 -f* - / / bs r++| **Fif-rip* sn- p}|'o / , [T - taafn'' " +r17 7 17| ysyif-riay pht, 7, g + '' Tgi stsaa- krg | 1ix+- -- rnn, ngri3 23: c1= X/ kk k-du-( X/ 2- 2 yt fr [srng' / | 1 (* pi cri2 - -f - f ;" X/ X/ rRTl fra alfaTTU--(11cdinm of motion of souls, master and cnergica)

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jainadarzana : jIvana aura jagat sapUrNa vizva-vyavasthA me ye dono dravya ahabhUmikA rakhate haiM / eka sasAra kI sakriyatA kA mAdhyama hai to dUsarA niSkriyatA kA / dharmo gati svabhAva athA'dharmaH sthiti lakSaNa / tayoryogAtpadArthAnA gati-sthitI rudAhRte / (-savodhi) jIva aura pudagala kI gati-sthiti kramaza dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya para hI nibhara hai| AkAza dravya kA astitva prAya sabhI dArzanika aura vaijJAnika svIkAra karate haiM, kiMtu dharma aura adharma kI mImAsA jaina-darzana kI maulika dena hai / ye dono dravya loka-parimita haiN| aloka me inakA sarvathA abhAva hai, isalie ye loka aura aloka ke vibhAjaka tattva bhI haiM / dharma aura adharma ke abhAva ke kAraNa hI aloka me jIva tathA pudgalo kI sattA, gati aura avasthiti nahI hai| AkAzAstikAya-(space, medium of location of soul etc) avagAha lakSaNa AkAza -Azraya dene vAlA dravya AkAzAstikAya hai / yaha carAcara jagat AkAza ke AdhAra para hI TikA huA hai / AkAza ke do bheda haiM-loka aura aloka / jo AkAza SaDdravyAtmaka hai, vaha loka hai| jahAM AkAza ke sivAya anya koI dravya nahI hotA vaha alokAkAza hai / vijJAna ne paramANa ke bhItara RNAvezI (negeTiva) kaNo kI khoja kI hai to ghanAvezI (pojITiva) kaNo kI bhI khoja kI hai| pratyeka kaNa ke sAtha eka pratikaNa kA bhI astitva hai / yaha vizva sapratipakSa hai / pratipakSa ke binA pakSa kA bhI koI astitva yA mUlya nahI raha jAtA hai / eka paramANu me aneka pratipakSI guNa-dharma rahate hai| paramANu ke bhItara RNAvezI ilekTrona hai to usakA pratikaNa dhanAvezI proTraoNna bhI hai| isa prakAra yadi paramANu ke bhItara kaNo aura pratikaNo kA astitva hai to brahmADa me bhI vizva tathA prativizva honA cAhie / vaijJAnika abhI taka isa sadarbha me kisI nirNAyaka sthiti me nahI pahuce haiM, para jaina-darzana isa mAne meM bahuta hI spaSTa hai| use prArambha se hI loka aura aloka kA astitva mAnya hai| kAla-(Time) ___ kAla samayAdi ---samaya Adi ko kAla kahate haiN| samaya kAla kA sUkSmatama aza hai / kAla apradezI hai, avayava rahita hai| chaha dravyo me kAla kI gaNanA aupacArika rUpa se kI gaI hai / vAstavika dRSTi se kAla dravya na hokara jIva-ajIva kI paryAya mAtra hai| phira bhI pratyeka padArtha me ghaTita hone vAle parivartana kA hetu kAla hI hai, isalie vyAvahArika dRSTi se vaha

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jainadarzana : jIvana aura jagat sapUrNa vizva-vyavasthA me ye dono dravya ahabhUmikA rakhate haiM / eka sasAra kI sakriyatA kA mAdhyama hai to dUsarA niSkriyatA kA / dharmo gati svabhAva athA'dharmaH sthiti lakSaNa / tayoryogAtpadArthAnA gati-sthitI rUdAhRte / (-sabodhi) jIva aura pudgana kI gati-sthiti kramaza dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya para hI nibhara hai| AkAza dravya kA astitva prAya sabhI dArzanika aura vaijJAnika svIkAra karate haiM, kiMtu dharma aura adharma kI mImAsA jana-darzana kI maulika dena hai / ye dono dravya loka-parimita haiN| aloka me inakA sarvathA abhAva hai, isalie ye loka aura aloka ke vibhAjaka tattva bhI haiM / dharma aura adharma ke abhAva ke kAraNa hI aloka me jIva tathA pudgalo kI sattA, gati aura avasthiti nahI hai| AkAzAstikAya-(space, medium of location of soul etc) avagAha lakSaNa AkAza --Azraya dene vAlA dravya AkAzAstikAya hai / yaha carAcara jagat AkAza ke AdhAra para hI TikA huA hai / AkAza ke do bheda haiM-loka aura aloka / jo AkAza SaDdravyAtmaka hai, vaha loka hai| jahAM AkAza ke sivAya anya koI dravya nahI hotA vaha alokAkAza hai / vijJAna ne paramANa ke bhItara RNAvezI (negeTiva) kaNo kI khoja kI hai to ghanAvezI (pojITiva) kaNo kI bhI khoja kI hai| pratyeka kaNa ke sAtha eka pratikaNa kA bhI astitva hai / yaha vizva sapratipakSa hai| pratipakSa ke binA pakSa kA bhI koI astitva yA mUlya nahI raha jAtA hai / eka paramANu me aneka pratipakSI guNa-dharma rahate hai| paramANu ke bhItara RNAvezI ilekTrona hai to usakA pratikaNa ghanAvezI proTraoNna bhI hai| isa prakAra yadi paramANu ke bhItara kaNo aura pratikaNo kA astitva hai to brahmADa me bhI vizva tathA prativizva honA cAhie / vaijJAnika abhI taka isa sadarbha meM kisI nirNAyaka sthiti me nahI pahuce haiM, para jaina-darzana isa mAne meM bahuta hI spaSTa hai| use prArambha se hI loka aura aloka kA astitva mAnya hai| kAla-(Time) kAla samayAdi --samaya Adi ko kAla kahate haiM / samaya kAla kA sUkSmatama aza hai / kAla apradezI hai, avayava rahita hai / chaha dravyo me kAla kI gaNanA aupacArika rUpa se kI gaI hai| vAstavika daSTi se kAla dravya na hokara jIva-ajIva kI paryAya mAtra hai| phira bhI pratyeka padArtha me ghaTita hone vAle parivartana kA hetu kAla hI hai, isalie vyAvahArika dRSTi se vaha

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jainadarzana meM dravyavAda dravya mAnA jAtA hai / naizcayika kAla samagra vizva me hai, kiMtu sUrya-candramA kI gati se sApekSa samaya manuSya loka me hI hai / garatfap14-(Matter and energy) sparza-rasa-gadha-varNavAn pudgala -yaha jaina-darzana kA pAribhASika zabda hai / sparza, rasa, gadha aura varNa yukta jaDa padArtha pudgala kahalAtA hai| Adhunika pariveza meM use jaDa yA bhautika padArtha ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai, jisameM vijJAna-sammata 'meTara' aura 'enajI' dono kA samAveza ho jAtA sasAra meM jitane bhI dazya padArtha haiM saba pudagala haiN| dhvani, prakAza cumbakatva, ujmA Adi jinhe vijJAna karjA (enarjI) ke rUpa meM svIkAra karatA hai, pudgala ke hI rUpa haiN| prANI-jagat ke mana, bhASA, zvAsa-prazvAsa, zarIra, AhAra Adi se savadhita samasta pravRttiyo pudgala-zakti ke yoga se saMcAlita haiM / jagata ke vibhinna padArthoM ke nirmANa aura vinAza kA AdhArabhUta tattva pudgalo kA sayoga aura viyoga hI hai / jIva kI vividha rUpo meM pariNatiyA pudgalasApekSa hI haiN| jIva aura pudgala kA sambandhaanAdi kAlIna hai / vahI sasAra kA hetu hai / pudgalo ke sayoga se mukta hote hI AtmA kA paramAtmatattva prakaTa ho jAtA hai / vaha mikha, buddha aura mukta avasthA ko prApta kara letA hai| jIvAstikAya--(Soul, substance possessing consciousness) caitanyayukta amUttaM avayavI dravya kA nAma jIva hai / vaha asakhya pradezI piDa hai, phira bhI avibhAjya hai / ___jIva kA lakSaNa hai upayoga-cetanA kI mkriytaa| svasavedana aura mukha du kha kA mavedana / jIva kA astitva kAlika hai / svatatra hai| vaha jaDa tattva se utpanna nahIM hotA aura na kabhI jaDa rUpa meM parivartita hotA hai / masArI jIva karma-baddha hotA hai / kama-zarIra kI preraNA se vaha sasAra meM bhramaNa karatA hai, nAnA yoniyoM meM sukha-dukha kA anubhava karatA hai / usameM sakoca-vistAra kI adbhuta kSamatA hai / janmAntara kI yAyA meM jaba use choTA garIra milatA hai to umI meM samA jAtA hai aura jaba vaDA zarIra milatA hai to utanA vistAra pA letA hai| jaina-darNana kA jIva-vijJAna sUkSma vizleSaNa kA viSaya hai| jIva kA astitva, uma ke bheda-abheda, vikAsa-kramaH bandhana aura mukti kI prakriyA-ityAdi viSayo ko nAmAnya avagati ke pazcAt chaha dravyo ke sambandha meM kucha tathya aura mananIya haiM 0 chaha dravyo meM jIva cetana hai, zeSa jaDa haiN|

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janadarzana : jIvana aura jagat 0 pudgala mUrta hai, zeSa amUrta haiM / 0 AkAza loka-aloka meM vyApta hai, zeSa dravya loka-parimita haiN| * jIva aura pudgala gatizIla haiM, zeSa gati-zUnya haiM / * jIva aura pudgala ananta-ananta dravya hai, zeSa eka-eka dravya haiN| cAra astikAya pradeza-parimANa se tulya hai-dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, lokAkAza aura eka jIva / (ThANa-4/495) cAra astikAyo se samUcA loka spRSTa-vyApta hai-dharmAstikAya se, adharmAstikAya se, jIvAstikAya se aura pudgalAstikAya se / / (ThANa4/493) cAra kAraNo se jIva aura pudgala loka se bAhara nahIM jAtegati ke abhAva se, nirUpagrahatA-gati tattva kA Alambana na hone se, rukSa hone se tathA lokAnubhAva se-loka kI sahaja maryAdA hone se| (ThANa-4/498) tattva bodha kI yAtrA meM SadravyavAda kA yaha bodha-pATha jijJAsA kI naI khiDakiyA kholegA tathA tatva-ruci kI razmiyA usameM se nirvAdha praveza pA sakeMgI, aisA vizvAsa hai /

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jaina-darzana meM pudgala jaina-darzana anekAtavAdI darzana hai / vaha na ekezvaravAdI hai aura na kevala prakRtivAdI / vaha jaDa aura cetana kI svatantra sattA svIkAra karatA hai| usake abhimata se jIva aura ajIva dono vAstavika tattva haiM / vizva vyavasthA ke AdhArabhUta cha dravyo me jIva ke atirikta pAca dravya acetana haiN| uname eka hai pudgalAstikAya / yaha svatatra dravya hai / isakA astitva kAlika hai / yaha sAvayavI hai, mUrta hai| pratyakSa yA parokSa rUpa se prANI-jagat ke saparka meM Ane vAlI dRzya, zravya pratyeka vastu pudgala hai / vijJAna jisake lie "meTara" zabda kA prayoga karatA hai, jainetara darzana jise bhautika tattva kahate haiM, use jaina-darzana pudgala kahatA hai| ___ sAkhya darzana meM jo sthAna prakRti kA hai, vahI sthAna jaina-darzana me pudagala kA hai / jIva ke sasAra-paribhramaNa aura sukha-dukha ke bhoga kA kArya pudagala-sApekSa hai / sAkhya-darzana kI prakRti kI bhAti pudgala kA vikAsa buddhi phe spa me nahI hotA / vuddhi cetanA kA guNa hai / pudgala jaDa hai| pudagala jaina sAhitya kA pAribhApika zabda hai| isakA vyutpattilabhya argha hai-- 'pUraNa-galana-dharmatvAt pudgala / " pudgala pUraNa-galana-dharmA hotA hai / "pud" kA artha hotA hai sazleSa, milanA aura "gala" kA artha hai vizleSa, arthAt jo dravya pratikSaNa milatAgalatA rahe, vanatA-bigaDatA rahe, TUTatA-juDatA rahe, vaha pudgala hai / cha dravyoM me pudagala hI eka aisA dravya hai, jo khaDita bhI hotA hai aura Apasa me sabaddha bhI hotA hai| pudgala kI vyAvahArika pahacAna hai-jo chuA jA sake, cakhA jA sake, saghA jA sake aura dekhA jA sake vaha pudagala hai / isakI saiddhAtika paribhASA hotI hai -"sparza-rasa-gadha-varNavAna-pudgala" arthAt jisa dravya me sparza, rasa, gagha aura vaNa nizcita rUpa meM pAe jAe, vaha pudgala hai / sparza-sparza ATha prakAra kA hotA hai - snigdha, rukSa, mRdu, kaThora, zIta, uSNa, laghu aura guru / sthUla pudgala-samUha (skandha) me nATho hI sparza hote haiM / sUkSma pudgala samUha meM cAra sparza hote haiM - snigdha-rukSa tathA zIta saura uSNa /

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jainadarzana * jIvana aura jagat jaina-pudgala vijJAna me una pudgalo ko catu sparzI pudgala kahA jAtA sparza-paramANu me sparza do hI hote haiM / zIta aura uSNa me se koI eka tathA snigdha aura rukSa me se koI eka / paramANu pudgala kI sUkSmatama ikAI hai / ata usame mRdutA-kaThoratA, halakApana tathA bhArIpana asambhava gaMdha -gadha ke do prakAra haiM-sugadha aura durgaMdha / varNa (raga)-varNa ke pAca prakAra haiM-kRSNa, nIla, rakta, pIta aura zveta / do yA do se adhika rago ke sammizraNa se aneka naye raga bana jAte haiM, kintu unakA antarbhAva ina pAca rago me hI ho jAtA hai / rasa-rasa pAca prakAra ke haiM-madhura, amla, kadra, kalA aura tikt| pudgala ke cAra bheda haiM-skandha, deza, pradeza aura paramANa / iname bhI maulika bheda do hI haiM skandha aura paramANu / deza aura pradeza ye kalpika bheda haiN| skandha-paramANuo ke ekIbhAva ko skandha kahate haiM / do paramANuo ke sayoga se jo skandha banatA hai, dvipradezI skandha hai| isI prakAra ve tripradezI dasapradezI, sakhyeya pradezI, asakhyeya pradezI, asakhyAta tathA anantapradezI skandho kA nirmANa karate haiM / eka skandha ke TUTane se bhI aneka skandha bana jAte haiM, jaise --aneka zilAkhaDa / aneka skandha milakara bhI eka skagha kA nirmANa kara dete haiM, jaise-aneka tantuo se nirmita akhaDa vastra / deza-vastu ke avibhAjya kAlpanika bhAga ko deza kahate haiM / jaisepAca mITara kapaDe kA eka tihAI bhAga, do tihAI bhAga ityaadi| pradeza -vastu ke avibhAjya-paramANu jitane bhAga ko pradeza kahate haiM / ise vastu ke ghaTaka tattvo kI antima IkAI kaha sakate haiM / paramANa-vastu kA vaha sUkSmatama kaNa jo usase pRthak ho gayA hai / paramANu itanA sUkSma hai ki usako toDA nahI jA sakatA / usake aza nahI ho sakate / pradeza aura paramANu me itanA hI antara hai ki pradeza vastu se apRthak hotA hai aura paramANu pRthak / paramANu ko avibhAgI, praticcheda bhI kahate haiM / vaha atisUkSma hai / svatatra paramANu Akho se nahI dekhA jA sakatA / jise hama dekhate haiM, vaha pudgala-samUha hai / skadha hai / Adhunika bhautika vijJAna bhI isakA savAdI hai / vaijJAnika mAnyatA hai ki jaba hama paramANu ko dekhate haiM to nizcita hI kisI-na-kisI zaktizAlI bhautika upakaraNa kA prayoga karate haiN| vaha upakaraNa kisI na kisI rUpa me paramANu ko prabhAvita karatA hai, usame parivartana

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jaina-darzana me pudgala ho jAtA hai aura hama usa parivanita paramANu ko hI dekha pAte haiM / vAstavika paramANu ko nahIM / jaina mAnyatA ke anumAra vaha skadha hai, use bhI anuyogadvAra me kisI apekSA se paramANu kahA hai / vaha vyAvahArika paramANu hai| vijJAna bhI paramANa ko adRzya mAnatA thA / paramANu arthAt kisI bhI padArtha kA mavase sUkSma TukaDA jise aura sUkSma na kiyA jA sake / vijJAna kI bhASA meM paramANa arthAt eka kilomITara kA solaha karoDavA hissA / aneka proTona, nyUTrona aura ilekTrona isakI saracanA me AdhArabhUta banate haiM / mAikroskopa ke mAdhyama se vijJAna ne paramANa ke isa rUpa ko dekhane me saphalatA prApta kara lI hai / mAikroskopa vaha yatra hai jo prakAza kiraNo ke parAvatana dvArA vastu ko vahI kara dikhAtA hai / isake AviSkAra me bhI uttarottara Azcaryajanaka pragati huI hai| aneka prakAra ke asAdhAraNa praktisampanna yatro kA nirmANa huA hai| unameM kucheka ye haiM 0 lAiTa mAikroskopa-vastu ko adhika se adhika do hajAra gunA _vahA kara dikhAne vAlA yatra / * ilekTrona mAikroskopa-vastu ko dasa lAkha gunA vaDA kara dikhAne vAlA yatra / 0 ilekTrona TaneliMga skenara-vastu ko tIsa karoDa gunA vahA kara dikhAne vAlA yama / isakA AviSkAra sviTjaralaiMDa ke vaijJAnika ne kiyA hai, jisake AdhAra para "TaneliMga oNpha ilekTrAnsa" kA siddhAnta vikasita huA / jainadazana sammata paramANu aura vijJAna kA "eTama" aneka samAnatAo ke vAvajUda bhI eka nahIM hai / rasAyana zAstra kI khoja "eTama" ko paramANu kA hI dUsarA rUpa nahI mAnA jA sakatA / vijJAna kI pUrva avadhAraNA thI ki "eTama" ko toDA nahI jA sakatA / para aba yaha mAnyatA badala cukI hai| vaijJAnika khojo aura prayogoM se yaha siddha ho cukA hai ki "eTama" udyutkaNa, niyatkaNa aura vidyutkaNaproTrona, yUTrona laura ilekTrona kA eka piNDa hai / inara viparIta paramANa vaha mUla pANa hai jo dUsaro ko mela ke vinA apanA svataya astitva banAe hue hai| vimAna-sammata aNu vAstavika aNu nahI hai / jana mAnyatA ke anusAra use pyAvahArika apa pahA jaga saratA hai| 0 paramANu me koI eka rasa, eka gagha, eka varNa nora do sparza hote . paramANu ne ratitva kA dogha usake dvArA nirmita pudgala skagha rUpa kArya meM hI hotA hai| * vaha itanA sUkSma hai ki usare nAdi, madhya aura vanta kA

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jainadarzana * jIvana aura jagat prazna hI nahIM utthtaa| anya dravyo kI bhAti pudgala-dravya ke bhI ananta paryAya haiN| uname kucha paryAya aise haiM jinakA prANI jagat ke sAtha vizeSa sabadha hai| __ zabda, badhana, sUkSmatA, sthUlatA, sasthAna (AkRtiyA) bheda, ahakAra dhUpa, dhAyA, cAdanI ye saba pudgala ke viziSTa paryAya haiM / dhvAni bhI paudgalika hai| sat kA eka aparihArya lakSaNa hai-artha kriyAkAritva-pratyeka padArtha apanI artha-kriyA se svaya ko tathA anya ko prabhAvita karatA rahatA hai-ise upagraha yA upakaraNa bhI kahate haiM / pudgala dravya jahA pudgala kA upakAra karatA hai vahA jIva dravya kA bhI upakAra karatA hai / jIva aura pudgala kA anAdikAlIna sabadha hai / jIva kI samasta sAsArika avasthAe aura kriyAe pudgala sApekSa haiM / AhAra, zarIra-nirmANa, indriya-saracanA, zvAsa-prazvAsa, bhASA aura mAnasika nitana ke lie vaha nirantara pudgala ko grahaNa karatA rahatA hai, yAnI jIva kI ye saba kriyAe paudgalika haiM / pudgalo se sampAdita hotI haiN| pudgala sasArI jIvo ke upabhoga meM kaise Ate haiM, yaha samajhane ke lie pudagala kI vibhinna bargaNAo se paricita honA bhI jarUrI hai / vargaNA kA artha hai--sajAtIya pudgalo ke vibhinna varga - zreNiyA / ve mukhyata ATha 0 audArika vargaNA-sthUla-zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle pudgala / jIvo ke jitane dRzya zarIra haiM ve saba audArika haiM / * vaikriyavargaNA- vaikriya zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle pudgala / vaikriya zarIra nAraka aura devo ke hotA hai / yogI loga yogaja vibhUti ke dvArA vibhinna rUpo kA nirmANa karate haiM, vaha bhI vaikriya zarIra hai| * AhAraka vargaNA -vicAro kA sakramaNa karane vAle zarIra ke rUpa me pariNata hone vAle pudgala / 0 tejas vargaNA-vidyutIya zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle pudgala / 0 kArmaNa vargaNA -karma-zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle pudgala / * bhASA vargaNA --bhASA ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle pudgala / 0 manovargaNA --mana ke rUpa me pariNata hone vAle pudgala / 0 zvAsocchavAsa vargaNA- zvAsa-prazvAsa ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle pudgala /

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85 jaina-darzana me pudgala ye vargaNAe pUre loka meM vyApta haiM / kintu inakA prayoga tabhI sabhava hai, jaba ye jIva dvArA gRhIta ho jAe / ina vargaNAo ke yoga vinA, sasArI prANI apanI koI bhI kriyA sapAdita nahI kara sktaa| vaha pratikSaNa ina vargaNAo ke pudgalA kA grahaNa, pariNamana aura visarjana karatA rahatA hai| hame jitane bhI jaDa padArtha dikhAI dete haiM, ve saba yA to jIva dvArA gRhIta haiM yA jIva dvArA tykt| prastuta carcA ke mAdhyama se pudgala dravya ke sambandha meM prAthamika stara para jAnakArI dene kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai / isase pudgala sambandhI jJAna ke sAtha hamArI dRSTi spaSTa ho jAnI cAhie ki jIva aura pudgala ye dono hI molika tattva haiM / sasAra me jIva kA sthAna mahattvapUrNa hai to pudgala kA sthAna bhI kama mahattva kA nahIM hai| sasAra pI lIlA pudgalo kI hI lIlA hai / jIva kI sArI pravRttiyA pudgala se hI saMcAlita haiN| pudgala ke binA jIva eka kSaNa ke lie bhI sasAra me nahIM raha sakatA / pudgala-jagat se sambandha viccheda hone para hI jIva kI mukti sabhava hai| jaina darzana kI mAnyatA ke anusAra yaha vizva cha dravyo kA samUha hai / paryAya kI dRSTi se chaho dravya pariNamanazIla haiM / pariNamana do prakAra kA hotA hai -- svAbhAvika aura vaibhAvika / dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, AkAzAstikAya aura kAla ina cAra dravyoM meM svAbhAvika pariNamana hotA hai / jIva aura pudgala me svAbhAvika aura vaibhAvika dono prakAra ke pariNamana hote haiN| dRzya jagat kI vicitratA kA kAraNa hai jIva aura pudgala kA pariNamana / usame bhI pudgala draSya kA pariNamana vizeSa mahattvapUrNa hai / vizva choTe-baDe sabhI dRzya-padArpa pudgala phe vividha pariNamano ke kAraNa hI nirmita hote hai aura naSTa hote haiM * pudgala kA lakSaNa hai-sparza, rasa, gadha tathA varNayukta honA / phintu pudgala ye ye guNa vibhinna prakAra ke paramANuo re sayoga-viyoga ke kAraNa nirantara badalate rahate haiM / pudgala vA sparza badala jAtA hai, svAda ghadala jAtA hai, gadha badala jAtI hai aura rUpa bhI badala jAtA hai, pintu epa bAta sAtavya hai ki pudAla me sayoga-viyoga-janita cAhe jitanA paripatana ho jAe phira bhI yaha sparzahIna, ranahIna, gadhahIna aura varNahIna nahI hotaa| pudgala pA ghoTA pA vaTA, dRzya yA adRzya koI bhI spa ho, uname sarga jAdi cAro guNa bavAyabhAvI haiN| jahA eka guNa hogA vahA prapaTa-bhapra paTa rUpa se ropa tIna guNa avazya hoge / yaha vAta vijJAna bhI strIpAra karatA hai / pratyeza bhautika padApaM sarca nAdi cAro guNo se yukta hotA

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86 jainadharma : jIvana aura jaga - hai / yaha dUsarI bAta hai ki hamArI indriya use grahaNa karatI hai yA nahI jaise upastu kiraNa, jo adRzya tApa kiraNeM haiM, unhe hama nahI dekha sakate kiMtu ullU aura billI ina kiraNo kI sahAyatA se dekha sakate haiM / nyAya - darzana pRthvI Adi bhUto me sparza, rasa, gaMdha aura varNa i pudgala dharmoM ko samanvita rUpa me svIkAra nahI karatA / vaha kahI kahI eka do athavA tIna dharmoM kA hI astitva svIkAra karatA hai / usake abhimata jala ke paramANuo me gadha nahI hotI, agni ke paramANuo me gadha aura ra nahIM hote tathA vAyu ke paramANuo me kevala sparza hI hotA hai| kiMtu jaina darzana pRthvI Adi ke paramANuo me maulika bheda nahI mAnatA / vaha sabhI prakAra ke jaDa tattvoM meM sparza Adi catuSTayI kI avasthiti ko anivAya mAnatA hai / nyAya darzana meM pAca mahAbhUto meM ukta pudgala dharmoM ke astitva ka svIkAra na karane kA eka kAraNa yaha bhI hai ki vaha pAcabhUto kA svataMtra astitva svIkAra karatA hai / jaina darzana ke anusAra ve svataMtra dravya nahI apitu pudgala dravya hI haiM / pudgala dravya hone ke kAraNa pRthvI, jala, agni aura havA ina saba ATha sparza, pAca rasa, do gadha aura pAca varNa nizcita rUpa se vidyamAna haiM jaise agni me hame sAmAnyata gadha kI pratIti nahI hotI, kyoki hamArI nAsikA use grahaNa nahI karatI / lekina gadha- vahana - prakriyA se jJAta hotA hai ki agni me bhI gadha hai / eka gadhavAhaka yatra kA AviSkAra huA hai, jo manuSya kI ghrANazakti se kahI adhika savedanazIla hai / vaha sau gaja kI dUrI para sthita agni ke gadha tattva ko pakar3a letA hai / pudgala dravya svataMtra dravya hai / dravya vaha hai jisame guNa aura paryAya ho / guNa ( Fundamental Reality) dravya kA aparivartanIya aura sthAyI tattva hai / vaha dhauvya (Continuity) kA pratIka hai / vastu ke avasthA bheda ya rUpAtara ko paryAya kahate haiM / pratikSaNa ghaTita hone vAlA parivartana utpA aura vyaya - paryAya kA pratIka hai / jaise, zahara ke gade nAle kA pAnI bhI jala zodhana kI prakriyA se sphaTika-sA ujalA ho jAtA hai, yaha paryAya parivartana hai, para jala tattva sthAyI hai, yaha dhrovya hai / pAnI ke rUpa, raga, svAda aura gadha me parivartana ho jAtA hai phira bhI vaha sparza, rasa, gadha vihIna nahIM hotA yaha hai pudgala dravya kA sthAyI bhAva / vijJAna kI dRSTi se pudgala dravya mukhyata cAra vargoM meM vibhAjita hai 1. Thosa, 2 drava, 3. gaisa aura 4. plAjmA / yadyapi Adhunika vijJAna ne 10:3 aise tattvoM kI khoja kara lI hai, para ve saba ukta tono me samAviSTa ho

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87 jana-darzana me pudgala jAte haiM / ye tInoM tattva sadA apane-apane varga meM hI raheM, yaha jarUrI nahIM hai, apitu ve eka dUsare ke rUpa meM parivartita ho jAte haiN| oNksIjana aura hAiDrojana gaiseM haiM, ina dono ke milane se jala bana jAtA hai / jala vanaspati me rUpAtarita ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra gaisa dravya Thosa padArtha meM badala jAtA hai / dUsarI vAta, jala agnizAmaka hotA hai, Aga ko vamA sakatA hai, lekina jala ke upAdAna-hAiDrojana mUlata jvalanazIla hai aura oNvamIjana gaisa Aga ko uttejita karane vAlI hai, tathApi ye dono gaiseM eka nizcita anupAta meM jaba milatI haiM to dono ke guNa-dharma badala jAte haiM / pAnI Aga ko bhaDakAne kI bajAya use vujhAne ke kAma AtA hai / pudgala kI nityatA pudgala dravya cAhe kitanA hI parivartita ho jAe, usakI maulikatA kabhI naSTa nahIM hotii| pudgala kI maulikatA hai-sparza, rasa gadha aura varNa / ye pudgala se eka samaya ke lie bhI pRthak nahI hote / maulikatA spAtarita ho sakatI hai, para spaSTa nhii| pudgala dravya kI maulikatA na kimI anya dravya meM parivartita hotI hai aura na kisI anya dravya kI maulikatA pudgala dravya meM vilIna hotI hai| isalie jIva kI bhAti pudgala bhI dhruva tattva hai| nitya hai| nitya dravya kI pahacAna hai-jo kabhI sakhyA me kama adhika nahIM hotA, jisakA na Adi ho, na anta / jo na kisI anya dravya ke rUpa meM parivartita hotA hai aura na kisI anya dravya ko apane meM parivartita karatA hai| vizva me pudgala-paramANu anAdikAla se jitane the, utane hI haiM aura anatakAla taka utane hI rahege / pudgala kA pariNamana hotA hai, para vaha hotA hai pudgala me ho / pudgala phabhI jIva nahIM banatA aura jIva kabhI pudgala nahI banatA / mAdhunika vijJAna bhI yahI mAnatA hai ki vizva meM sthita padArtha mora jarjA ko sayukta rAzi sadA zAzvata rahatI hai| padArya aura karjA ke spAtaraNa ke bAvajUda bhI pula rAzi sadA nacala banI rahatI hai / jaina darzana ke anusAra pudgala drasya anata haiM / janata paramANao aura anata pradezI (vistAra pe lie peyeM--vizva praheliyA pR 211, 171) svagho se vizva bharA paTA pudgala pho manityatA pudgala drapra vizva kA eka mahatvapUrNa ghaTaka hai / vaha dravya kI apekSA nitya hai, bhUpa re jora paryApa kI pekSA se nanitya bhI hai| usame paridana soniyA niratara pAra rahatI hai| ImA po jAtIsadI nadI tara vaimAniko ko mAnyatA pI pi mRta

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jainadharma : jIvana aura jagat tattva (element) aparivartanIya hai / eka tatva dUsare tattva ke rUpa me nahI badala sakatA kintu aba tejodgaraNa ( reDiyo ekTIviTI) Adi ke anusAno se siddha ho cukA hai ki tattva parivartita ho sakatA hai / jaise yUreniyama ke eka aNu me se jaba tIna "a" kaNa - vicchinna ho jAte haiM to vaha eka reDiyama aNu ke rUpa me badala jAtA hai / isI prakAra jaba reDiyama kA eka aNu pAca "a" kaNo me vibhAjita ho jAtA hai to vaha "sIsA" ke aNu ke rUpa me vadala jAtA hai / yaha hai pudgala - paramANuo ke vizleSaNa se hone vAlA pariNamana / isI prakAra paramANuoM ke sazleSa - sayoga se bhI pariNamana hotA hai / jaise nAiTrojana ke eka aNu ke nyUkliyasa me jaba eka "a" kaNa mila jAtA hai to vaha oNksIjana kA eka aNu bana jAtA hai / sakriyatA aura zakti 85 jIva kI bhAti pudgala bhI sakriya hai aura anata zakti sampanna hai / pudgala kI kriyA ko zAstrIya bhASA me parispada kahate haiM / vaha svata' bhI hotA hai aura anya pudgalo yA jIva kI preraNA se bhI hotA hai| pudgala kI gati - triyA apratihata hotI hai / vaha pahAr3a ke Ara-pAra nikala sakatA hai / aNuo kA paraspara TakarAva aura milana bhI hotA rahatA hai / pratyeka bhautika padArtha se niraMtara razmiyA yA tarageM nikalatI rahatI haiM / yaha bhI usakI sakriyatA kA pratIka hai | " TaneliMga oNpha ilekTronsa" siddhAta ke AdhAra para eka nayA tathya prakAza meM AyA hai ki yadi do vastue paraspara chU rahI ho yA bahuta AsapAsa rakhI ho to eka vastu se dUsarI vastu me ilekTronsa kI uchala-kUda macane lagatI hai / ise vaijJAniko ne "TaneliMga phinAminA " kahA hai| jaise mumbaI yA pUnA ke sapATa maidAno me parvatIya suraga ke mAdhyama se relve kA gamanAgamana hotA hai / vaise hI vastugata aNuo (ilekTronsa) kA gamanAgamana hotA hai / yaha sArA kArya pudgala ke maulika guNa galana - milana ke kAraNa hotA hai / bhautika vijJAna bhI padArtha ke isa svabhAva ko svIkRta karatA hai aura usake lie do zabdo kA prayoga karatA hai - Fusion aura Fision phyUjana kA artha hai"milanA" aura phijana kA artha hai- " galanA" / vijJAna ke anusAra prakAza kI gati eka lAkha prati saikeNDa / kiMtu jaina darzana ke anusAra pudgala kI hai / vaha kAla ke sUkSmatama aza ( eka samaya ) me loka ke sakatA hai / chiyAsI hajAra mIla gati isase bhI tIvra eka chora taka pahuca pudgala janata zakti sampanna hai / " | AI" kA zakti siddhAta bhI isakA savAdI hai / usake anusAra eka paramANu se 3,45,800 kelorI zakti

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jaina-darzana me pudgala utpanna ho sakatI hai / vAstava meM eka paramANu me kitanI zakti hai, isakA vijJAna abhI taka adAjA nahI lagA pAyA hai / isa kSetra me nita naye rahasya khulate jA rahe haiN| phira bhI padArtha ko zakti ke rUpa me vadalane kI sabhAvanA ke anusAra kahA jAtA hai ki eka pauMDa yA 450 grAma padArtha meM itanI zakti hotI hai, jitanI caudaha lAkha Tana koyalA jalAne para milatI hai / yadi aisA sabhava ho jAe to 450 grAma koyale meM pUrI amerikA ke lie eka mAha taka calane vAlI bijalI taiyAra ho sakatI hai / gudgala mesakoca - vistAra kI adbhuta zakti hotI hai / isalie sayyAta pradezI lokAkAza me anata pradezI pudgalo ke anata - anata skandha samAhita ho jAte haiM / sUkSma pariNamana aura avagAhana zakti ke kAraNa pudgala paramANuo nAra phandho meM aisI sUkSmatama pariNati hotI hai ki eka hI AkAza pradeza me anatAnata pudgala raha sakate haiM / jaise eka kamare me eka dIyA jalAyA jAtA hai to usakA prakAza pUre kamare me phaila jAtA hai aura yadi usI kamare me so diye jalA diye jAte haiM to vaha zat guNita prakAza bhI usa kamare me samAhita ho jAtA hai / una prakAza- aNuoM ko atirikta sthAna rokane kI apekSA nahI rahatI / yaha tathya vijJAna sammata bhI hai / DaoN0 eDigTana ke abhimata se eka Tana nyASTIya pudgala (nyUklIyara meTara) ko saghana banAyA jAe to vaha hamAre vAspeTa ke jaba me samA sakatA hai / ina saba adhyayano ke sadarbha se jJAta hotA hai ki jaMna darzana kA samasta eka vijJAna ke vidyArthI 89 pudgarA aura paramANu middhAta vittanA vaijJAnika hai / pho dono me saddbhuta samAnatA pa darzana hote haiM / jaina darzana me pratipAdita pudgala dravya ko samagratA ne samajha lene ke pazcAt hI Adhunika vidvAnoM kI dhAraNA puSTa huI hai ki Adhunika vijJAna vaprathama janmadAtA bhagavAn mahAvIra hI the / sadarbha 1 siddhAna vAi / 2 hajArImala smRti prapa-leya---"dazana va vimAna ke kSetra me draSya / " pudgala 6 zrI puSpa mRti bhinadana grantha lekha- -jaina darzana svampa aura vizleSaNa (zrI devendra muni mAntrI) vizva prati lognadhya / -

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jainadarzana meM AtmavAda Atma vidyA : parama vidyA upaniSad meM uddAlaka aura zvetaketu kA eka mArmika dRSTAta hai / zvetaketu gurukula se sapUrNa jJAna prApta kara aayaa| pratibhA sapanna thaa| gurukula kI saba parIkSAe prathama zreNI se uttIrNa kii| aneka svarNapadaka prApta kie hoge / yauvana kI uSmA / sira para jJAna-rAzi kA govardhana parvata / akaDanA svAbhAvika thaa| pitA ke caraNo me praNata nahIM ho sakA / sIdhA khaDA rahA / pitA ne dekhaa| socA-itanA par3ha-likha kara bhI ajJAnI kA ajJAnI A gayA / pitA nirAza hue| putra para prasannatA kA prasAda nahI varasA / gabhIra mudrA me pUchA-gurukula me kyA-kyA paDhA ? putra ne paThita viSayo kI lambI sUcI prastuta kara dii| RSi ne vatsalabhAva se pUchA-vatsa, aisI koI cIja par3hI hai, jisako jAna lene se saba kucha jAna liyA jAtA hai / zvetaketu kA mukha zveta ho gayA / vaha bolA-aisA to hamAre abhyAsakrama me kisI ne nahIM sikhAyA / uddAlaka ne puna prazna kiyA-AtmA ko jAnA ? AtmA ko pahacAnA ? usane nakArAtmaka sira hilaayaa| RSi ne kahA-putra, AtmavidyA vaha parama vidyA hai jise jAna lene para saba kucha jAna liyA jAtA hai / AtmajJAna ke abhAva meM saba kucha jAnakara bhI vyakti ajJAnI raha jAtA hai| kAla kI lambI avadhi me na jAne aise kitane zvetaketu ho cuke haiM aura vartamAna me bhI kitane haiM, jo vibhinna vidyA-zAkhAo me pAragAmitA prApta kara ke bhI AtmA ke sambandha me anajAna haiM / svaya se aparicita haiM / tatvabodha kI yAtrA kA Adi vindu hai --AtmA / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne bhI kahA-"je ega jANai se savva jANai" jo eka AtmA ko jAna letA hai, vaha saba kucha jAna letA hai / hama aura hamArA astitva hamArA astitva do tattvo kA sayoga hai / eka hai cetana-jIva, dUsarA hai acetana-zarIra / kucha loga kevala zarIra ko hI mAnate haiN| ve cetana yA bAtmA kI svatatra sattA ko svIkAra nahIM karate / ve anAtmavAdI haiM / AtmavAdI darzana AtmA aura zarIra ko bhinna mAnatA hai aura cetana ke svatatra

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janadarzana me bAtmavAda astitva ko mvIkAra karatA hai| umare AdhAra para bhAratIya citana do dhArAoM meM vibhakta ho gyaa| eka dhAga kA nAma hai, jinyAvAda aura dUsarI kA nAma hai akriyAvAda / ___ AtmA, kama, punarjanma aura mokSa para vizvAsa karane vAle kriyAvAdI tathA ina para vizvAsa na karane vAle akriyAvAdI kahalAe / priyAvAdI varga ne sayamapUrvaka jIvana vitAne kA, dharmAcaraNa karane kA upadeza diyaa| payoki usake abhimata se mAtmA kA astitva hai / vaha apane muhata bora duSkRta kA pala nogatI hai / zubha-pharmoM kA acchA aura azubha karmoM kA burA phala hotA hai / AtmA kA pUrvajanma mora punarjanma hotA hai / vaha apane puNya aura pApa karmoM pe sAtha hI paraloka me jAtI hai| puNya naura pApa dono kA bhaya hone me amIma Atma-sukhamaya mokSa hotA hai / isa ciMtana ke AdhAra para logo me dharma ke prati ruci jAgRta huii| alpa-icchA, alpabArambha aura alpa parigraha kA mahattva bar3hA / ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha kI upAsanA karane vAlA mahAn gamajhA jAne lgaa| samAja me sayama aura tyAga kI pratiSThA huii| bhakriyAvAdI varga ne supa-pUrvaka jIvana bitAne ko hI paramApaM mAnA / umA abhimata me sukRta aura duSkRta kA zubha aura azubha phala nahIM hotaa| bAramA garIra me nAga ye sApa hI naSTa ho jAtI hai| vaha paraloka meM jAkara utpanna nahI hotii| apriyAvAda kA ghopa rahA-jo kAma-bhoga prApta hai, unako jI bhara kara nogo, phala phA payA bharosA ? paraloka hai yA nahI, rirAne dekhA hai| ina vicAra-dhArA ve prabhAva ne logo me bhautika lAlasA prabala huii| mahA-icadA, mahA-bArambha aura mahA-parigraha yA rAhu jagat para hA gyaa| priyAvAda ? natva-pratipAdana kA mupya AdhAra hA-atIndriya pratyakSa / unhone kahA--mAtmA ke astitva meM madeha mata kro| AtmA asAre malie idriya-mAe narI hai| para idriya-mApa na hone mAtra ne usake svataH stitva ko nakArA nahIM kA patA / indriyA jamUrta padArtha pho nahIbArAmatI, phira bhI paitanya : vyApAra se AdhAra para umave amnitva pA dodha hotA hai| (uttaraubhayapANi) nare viparIta kAyAvAda vipAsa indriya-pratyakSa para rhaa| mA se yaha kAra itanA hI hai, jitanA dRSTigocara hotA hai| mAridipa nahIM hai, isalie ma antitva me sadeha hai| isa merI pI ni dAyu aura hArA ye pAMca mahAmUda ho dAvita masApa ghanara japakA galA usanna hotI hai| to dAna hogAMparapamA yA mI nAga ho jAtA hai|

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jainadharma . jIvana aura jagat jIvAtmA koI svatatra padArtha nahI hai| jisa prakAra araNi kI lakaDI se Aga, dUdha se ghI aura tilo se tela utpanna hotA hai, vaise hI pacabhUtAtmaka zarIra se jIva utpanna hotA hai / zarIra ke naSTa ho jAne para AtmA nAma kI koI vastu zeSa nahI rhtii| AcAra-vyavahAra para vicAra kA prabhAva ye do vicAra-dhArAe haiM jo prAcInakAla se hI mAnava-jIvana ke vicAra aura AcAra pakSa ko prabhAvita karatI rahI haiM / inase kevala dArzanika dRSTikoNa hI nahI banatA, kintu vaiyaktika jIvana se lekara sAmAjika, rASTrIya aura dhArmika jIvana kI nIva inhI para khaDI hotI hai| kriyAvAdI aura akriyAvAdI kA jIvana-patha eka jaisA nahIM ho sktaa| kriyAvAdI ke pratyeka kArya me Atma-zuddhi kA dhyAna rhegaa| akriyAvAdI usakI ciMtA nahI karegA / jahA AtmavAdI kI gati tyAga kI ora hogI vahA akriyAvAdI kI gati hogI bhoga kI ora / kriyAvAdI aura akriyAvAdI vargoM ko Aja kI bhASA me Astika aura nAstika kahA jAtA hai / isa vicAra dhArA kA prAcIna pratinidhi cArvAka-darzana thA / Adhunika kamyunijma ko usI kA vikasita rUpa mAnA jA sakatA hai| jaina-dharma Astika darzano me eka hai / vaha AtmavAda, karmavAda, paralokavAda aura nirvANavAda kA puraskartA hai| AtmA kyA hai yugapradhAna AcArya zrI tulasI ke zabdo me jIva, jIva ke guNa aura jIva kI kriyAe ---ina sabako AtmA kahate haiN| AtmA eka cetanAvAna padArtha hai / usakA lakSaNa hai---upayoga / upayoga kA artha hai-cetanA kA vyApAra / Atma tatva kI pahacAna kA AdhAra hai usakI jJAna-darzana meM pariNati tathA sukha-dukha kI anubhUti / AtmA jaDa padArtha se utpanna nahIM hai| vaha caitanya guNayukta svatantra mattA hai / prazna hotA hai, AtmA indriya aura mana ke pratyakSa nahIM hai, phira unhe kyo mAnA jAe? isake samAdhAna me kahA gayA ki padArthoM ko jAnane kA mAdhyama mAtra indriya aura mana kA pratyakSa hI nahI, inake atirikta anubhavapratyakSa, yogI pratyakSa, anumAna ora Agama se bhI AtmA kA astitva siddha hotA hai / indriya aura mana kI zakti atyanta sImita hai / inase saba kucha nahI jAnA jA sakatA / indriyA mAtra sparza, rasa, gadha aura varNa ko jAna sakatI haiM / mana bhI indriyo kA anugAmI hai / AtmA arUpI sattA hai| vaha sparza, rasa-gadha aura varNa nahIM hai / zabdo kA prayoga karane vAlA, gadha kA

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jainadarzana meM vAtmavAda anubhava karane vAlA, spagaM mora rasa kA mAna karane vAlA tattva nAtmA hai / kintu yaha monika upakaraNo ke dvArA jAnA nahIM jAtA / (AyAro) vijJAna aura AtmA prAcIna samaya meM hI mAnava-mana me AtmA ko jAnane kI prabala icchA gI hai / upa dha nAdhana-gamatrI dvArA usI yojeM huI haiN| prayoga aura parIkSaNa bhI ghraa| Aja ne aDhAI hajAra paM pahale vauzAmbI pakti gAlI nabha pradezI ne apane jIvana ke nAmnimAla meM zArIrika avayavo ke vizleSaNa eva parIkSaNa dvArA Atma-pratyakSIkaraNa / aneka prayoga kie the| para 7 AtmA ko pAnane-degrane re nadaya meM navaMyA anaphana rahA / Adhunika vaijJAnika bhI lAtmA ko gida karane meM saphala nahIM hue haiN| unhone 103 taraca mAne haiN| maba mUtaM (mpI) hai / vaijJAniko ne gitane prayoga kie haiM, mUtaM tyo parI gie haiN| phira bhI ve AtmA ra amnitva ke bAre meM yi mapa nahI pahana pAe haiN| inakA raNa yahI hai, bhaunika upakaraNo tathA diyA ge mAga bhautika padArthoM kA bodha-vizleSaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai. para bhotira, amUtta mAtmA kA pAna unameM nahIM ho sktaa| unake lie idriyAgota cetanA gA jAgaraNa nAyagya hai / AtmA o- paraloka kI nveSaka paripA damya para auliya nauja ne nigA-" hameM bhauni zAna ke pIche para pArabhautika viSayoM ko nahI bhUna nAnA cAhie / ' unhoMne mAge ligA "tA jA pA ko guNa nahI / ki ta ma namAI ,mpaya ko pradagina ne pAnI svatantra mattA hai / prANI mAtrA manAta eka premI yamnu :'piga gero nAmApa ala nahIM ho jaataa|" ya- vicAra janadagA dAna sitt| AtmA aura garIra

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94 jainadharma : jIvana aura jagat maka tattva koI dUsarA hai jo adRzya hai / zarIra ke so jAne para bhI vaha zakti nahI sotii| vaha satata jAgRta tattva 'cetanA' hI hai / usa adRzya cetana tattva kI sattA sarvatra kAma kara rahI hai / pAca-cha phuTa ke isa choTe-se zarIra me jo svacAlita kriyAe ho rahI haiM ve isa adRzya kI hI sUcanA de rahI haiN| vaijJAnika kahate haiM-"yadi isa zarIra kA nirmANa hame karanA par3e to kama-sekama dasa varga mIla me eka kArakhAnA banAnA paDe / mahAn dArzanika AcAryazrI mahAprajJa AtmA ke astitva ko bahuta hI sarala zailI me samajhAte haiN| ve kahate haiM-"hamAre sthUla zarIra me eka sUkSma zarIra hai, usakA nAma hai taijasa zarIra / usake bhItara sUkSmatara zarIra hai, usakA nAma hai karma zarIra / usake bhItara AtmA hai vaha hamAre AcAra, vicAra aura vyavahAra kA saMcAlana karatA hai, niyamana karatA hai / cetanA kI razmiyA karma aura tejas zarIra kI dIvAro ko pAra kara sthUla zarIra taka pahucatI haiM / usase hamArA jJAna-tantra, bhASA-tantra aura kriyA-tantra sakriya hotA hai / usI ke AdhAra para vyakti kA vyaktitva nirmita hotA hai|" isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki AtmA hamAre pratyakSa nahI hai, phira bhI usake guNadharma pratyakSa haiM / yahI AtmA kI astitva-siddhi kA puSTa pramANa hai| jaina-darzana meM AtmA jaina-darzana ke anusAra AtmA caitanya svarUpa, pariNAmI-vibhinna avasthAo me pariNata hone vAlA karttA aura bhoktA hai / vaha svaya apanI sat-asat pravRtti dvArA zubha-azubha karmoM kA sacaya karatA hai aura unakA phala bhogatA hai| AtmA kA koI AkAra-pratyAkAra nahI hotA / vaha na halkA hai, na bhArI, na strI hai, na puruSa / jJAnamaya asakhya pradezo kA samUha hai| AtmA eka dravya hai, vaha caitanya kA ajasra srota hai / usake aneka guNa-dharma haiM / uname do pramukha haiM -guNa aura paryAya / kucha vastu dharma aise hote haiM jo sadA amuka dravya ke sAtha rahate haiM, badalate nahI, ve guNa kahalAte haiM / parivartanazIla dharma paryAya kahalAte haiN| guNa aura paryAya kI dRSTa se AtmA ke mukhya do bheda hote haiM-dravya AtmA aura bhAva AtmA / dravya AtmA eka hai / vaha cetanA-maya asakhya avibhAjya avayavo kA samUha hai| yAnI AtmA asakhya pradezI hai / isakA artha yaha huA ki eka, do tIna pradezI jIva nahI hote / asakhya pradezo ke samudAya kA nAma hI jIva yA AtmA hai / dravya AtmA kAlika tattva hai / vaha ajara-amara hai / vaha na kabhI janmatA hai, na maratA hai / usakA astitva kabhI samApta nahI hotaa| atIta

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banadarzana meM pAramayAda meM usayA bhagnitya pA, vartamAna meM hai aura bhaviSya meM rahegA / mAtmA kabhI anAtmA (jasa) nahIM hogI / magara ye eTa jAne para bhI mRtyu nahI hAtI / yaha majanmA hai, nitya hai, mAzyA hai| dravya mI piTa meM zAsvata aura avibhAjya hote hue bhI paryAya kI aSTi meM bhAramA parinanamola bora banekA ho jAtI hai / yaha parivartanazIlatA hI bhApa mAramA / / dravya bora bhAra kI vivakSA me khAtmA ke sATha bheda ho jAne, jaMge-cenanA pasa svampa dravya bhAtmA hai / grodha, mAna, mAyA ora moma meM jina hone para yaha kapAya bAtmA bana jAtI hai| AtmA kI pacanA, prati yoga AtmA hai / bAnmA yA caitanya svarUpa meM cyApana honA upayoga mAramA hai / zAtmaka aura daganAramayA cetanA mAna-AtmA aura darzana-nAmA / bhAtmA pI limiTa gayamamaya avasthA pariya nAtmA hai| jAtmA kI gati pIpaM jAtmA hai / ye ATha AtmAe nApekSa dRSTi meM batAI gii| pAralara me AtmA ko jinagI paryAya ~avampAe haiM, ye saba bhAva bAramA ma pTi me bAnmA bananta ho saratI hai / saMtAMtika bhASA meM ina pATha thApA nirina, jAtmA ko bhI avasthAo ko anya (anerI) bAramA vA jAtA hai| jara-dana ye gAra samArI vA mA rAga-dveSa mUtaka pravRtti pe garaNa pharmoM yA dhana lii| maMbaddha jIra nAnA yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa garaNAcA, paganimAra guga-yuga kA nayA paratA hai / gaga-dveSa kSINa para nAgApamaM-kaho jAtI hai|mk bAtmA niryAta prApta kara AmasApa meM pratiSTito jAtI hai / mula lAramAe mAna haiN| una nava yA rapatana paritApa para bhava-maNa nahI krtii| jAmadAdI darzanoM kA pagAdeya mora-prApti hai| me ga gAI bhI kI mRta gAnA rimAstrIya pramANo japadA bhASA mA tAbA janunA nI madatA / umare lie nAmani ankAmozI sAdAnA hai| bAramA pI moja nAma nipada meM mahA "ra, paca jora didA go gola garI / pAra pahAvIra meMhA -. 'mapitA RATA-T I Ro / aAtmA paramAmAko Frer gratgA , hamArA bhAma-pati aura ET TET ni| maMda . . / - sanA aurnn| Fre.free

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jaina-dharma meM karmavAda bhagavAn zrI mahAvIra ne kahA-"jo vyakti saba bhUto ko apane samAna samajhatA hai, saba prANiyo ko samAna dRSTi se dekhatA hai, Asravo kA nirodha karatA hai aura apanA nigraha karatA hai, vaha pApa karmoM kA bandha nahIM karatA (dasaveAliya 4/9) / isase do bAteM phalita hotI haiM-saba AtmAo kI samAnatA aura karmoM kA bandha / Atma-samAnatA aura Atma-ekatva ke svara jaina Agamo me pracura mAtrA me mukharita hue haiM / jaise "tU jise mAranA cAhatA hai, vaha tU hI hai| koI prANI hIna nahI hai, atirikta nahIM hai / na koI choTA hai, na koI baDA-- ityAdi / " (AyAro) ___ isake viparita hama yaha bhI pratyakSa dekhate haiM ki saba jIva samAna nahI haiM / koI eka indriya vAlA prANI hai to koI pAca indriya vAlA / koI samanaska-sannI hai to koI amanaska asnnii| eka bahuta vikasita hai to dUsarA kama vikasita / eka buddhimAna hai to dUsarA mUDha / eka saccaritra hai to dUsarA duzcaritra / eka svastha hai to dUsarA asvastha / eka sundara, supratiSThita aura yazasvI hai to dUsarA kurUpa, tiraSkRta tathA nindanIya / eka sAmarthyavAna hai to dUsarA asamartha / yaha asamAnatA kyo ? isakA samAdhAna diyA gayA ki nizcaya naya se saba jIvana samAna hote hue bhI vyavahAra naya se ve bhinna bhI haiN| pratyeka AtmA kI samAnatA svabhAvagata hai / svarUpa kI dRSTi se, astitva kI daSTi se saba AtmAe samAna haiN| AtmAo kI vividhatA kA hetu karma hai| prANI jaisA karma karatA hai, vaisA hI banatA hai / hIna karma prANI ko hIna banAtA hai / zreSTha karma prANI ko zreSTha banAtA hai| bhagavatI sUtra meM eka savAda hai-gautama ne bhagavAna mahAvIra se pUchA"bhate / yaha vibhakti kahA se ho rahI hai ? yaha bheda, vibhAjana, alagAva kahA se ho rahA hai ? bhagavAn ne kahA--gautama | yaha sArI vibhakti karma ke dvArA ho rahI hai / sArI bheda-rekhAe karma ke dvArA khIcI jA rahI hai|" bauddha-dharma ke prasiddha grantha "abhidhammakoza" me likhA hai-"karmaja lokavacinya-loka kI vicitratA karma ke dvArA hotI hai|" prazna hotA hai ki karma kyA hai ? vaha AtmA ko prabhAvita kaise karatA

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98 3. karma-paramANu catu sparzI hote haiM / atyanta sUkSma hote haiM / 4. karma - prAyogya pudgala hI karma rUpa meM pariNata ho sakate haiN| hara koI pudgala karma nahI bana sakatA / karma ananta paramANuo ke skadha haiM / karma jIvAtmA ke AvaraNa, paratatratA aura dukho kA hetu hai / karma-paramANu apane Apa prANI ke sAtha savadha sthApita nahI karate / jIva apanI zubha-azubha pravRtti ke dvArA una ananta pradezI karma- pudgalo ko AkarSita karatA hai / apane sAtha sambandha sthApita karatA hai aura vaha savadha bahuta gaharA ho jAtA hai / AtmA ke pratyeka pradeza para ananta - ananta karmaparamANu-skandha juDa jAte haiM / paraspara ekameka ho jAte haiM / yahIM hai karma - vadha | yadyapi kArmaNa vargaNA ke pudgala pUre lokAkAza me vyApta haiM, kintu AtmA ke sAtha karma rUpa me ve hI badhate haiM jo Atma-pradezo ke sAtha eka kSetrAvagADha hote haiM / jainadharma jIvana aura jagat bandhana kI apekSA AtmA aura karma abhinna haiM / ekameka haiM / lakSaNa kI apekSA bhinna haiM / jIva cetana hai, karma acetana hai| jIva amUrta hai, karma mUrta hai / amUrta AtmA ko mUrta karma - pudgala prabhAvita karate haiM / jaise - veDI se manuSya bandhatA hai, zarAba se pAgala banatA hai / klorophArma se behoza ho jAtA hai, vaise hI karmoM ke sayoga se jIvAtmA kI isa prakAra kI dazAe hotI haiN| bAharI nimitto kA prabhAva alpakAlIna hotA hai / karma AtmA ke sAtha cipake hue tathA vizeSa sAmarthyaM vAle sUkSma skadha haiM / isalie unakA jIvana para gaharA aura AMtarika prabhAva paDatA hai / badha ke prakAra *--- bandha ke sAmAnyata cAra prakAra batAe gae haiM pradeza bandha - Atma-pradezo ke sAtha karma - pudgalo kA juDanA / yaha ekIbhAva kI vyavasthA hai / - svabhAva kA nirmANa yA nirdhAraNa karanA ki amuka karma - pudgala AtmA ke kauna-se guNa kA AvAraka, vikAraka yA vighAtaka banegA ? yaha hai svabhAva prakRti bandha vyavasthA / sthitibandha - kauna - sA karma kitane samaya taka AtmA ke sAtha rahegA aura kaba apanA vipAka - phala degA, yaha hai sthiti kA nirdhAraNa / arthAt kAla maryAdA kI vyavasthA / anubhAga bandha - karma kisa prakAra kA phala degA ? AtmA ko mada rUpa se prabhAvita karegA yA tIva rUpa se, yaha anubhAga bagha kA kAma hai / yaha hai phaladAna zakti kI vyavasthA /

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100 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat hotA hai / zubha nAma karma ke udaya se vyakti sundara, Adeya-vacana, yazasvI aura AkarSaka vyaktitva-sapanna hotA hai| azubha nAma karma ke udaya kA pariNAma ThIka isake viparIta hotA hai| jo karma-pudgala jAti, kula, bala, zruta, aizvarya Adi kI dRSTi se vyakti kI viziSTatA aura hInatA ke hetu vanate haiM-vaha gotra-karma hai / yaha bhI dono prakAra kA hai| __ vyakti kI zreSThatA-azreSThatA, sammAna-asammAna-- ye saba nAma aura gotra karma ke kAraNa hote haiM / inake kSaya se pUrNatA-agurulaghutA prApta hoto hai / AtmA apane naisargika rUpa meM sthita hotI hai| jo karma-pudgala amuka samaya taka amuka prakAra ke jIvana ke nimitta banate haiM vaha AyuSya karma hai / zubha aura azubha AyuSya sukhI aura dukhI jIvana kA nimitta banatA hai / isase deva, manuSya, tithaMca aura naraka-Ayu prApta hotI hai / AyuSya karma ke kSaya se AtmA amara aura ajanmA banatI karma kI avasthAeM karma kI mukhyatayA tIna avasthAe haiM1 badhyamAna-jIvAtmA ke sAtha karma-pudgalo kA sambandha, sazleSa hotA hai, vaha baddha avasthA hai| 2 sattA-karma bandha hote hI usakA pariNAma cAlU nahIM hotA, kucha samaya ke lie unakA paripAka hotA hai| yaha paripAka-kAla "sattA" hai / sat avasthA hai| 3 udIyamAna-paripAka ke pazcAt prANI ko sukha-dukha rUpa yA AvaraNa rUpa phala milatA hai| yaha karma kI udIyamAna (udaya) avasthA hai| anya darzano me karma kI kriyamANa, sacita aura prArabdha -ye tIna avasthAe mAnI gaI haiM, jo ukta tIno avasthAo kI samAnArthaka haiN| vAstava me "karmavAda" jaina-darzana kA bahuta baDA manovijJAna hai / karmazAstra ke adhyayana ke binA na mana kA samagratA se vizleSaNa ho sakatA hai, na vyaktitva kA / bahuta vizAla aura sUkSma hai karma kA jagat / karma-paramANuo se hamArI asakhya duniyA bhara sakatI hai| unake sAmane hamAre sthUla zarIra kI racanA karane vAlI chaha sau kharaba kozikAe kucha bhI nahIM haiN| isa zarIra meM prati saikaNDa pAca karor3a kozikAe tathA prati minaTa tIna araba kozikAe utpanna hotI haiM aura naSTa hotI haiN| kitane rAsAyanika parivartana hote rahate haiM / yaha sthUla zarIra kI bAta hai| hamArA karma zarIra bahuta sUkSma hai / saba karmoM kI mUla aura uttara prakRtiyA svata

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jainadharma : jIvana ora jagat 102 karane vAlA eka Atarika niyama hai / Atarika vyavasthA hai / jo karmavAda ko nahI jAnatA, vaha dharma ko bhI nahIM jAnatA / jo cetanA aura karma kI vyAkhyA nahI kara sakatA, vaha dharma kI vyAkhyA nahI kara sakatA / dharma hai antarajagat meM praveza / vahA jAne ke lie una niyamo ko bhI jAnanA Avazyaka hai / jo AtmA ko bAgha rahA hai, vaha hai karma / karma-vandha aura usake vipAka ko samajhane vAlA vyakti sahaja hI apane Apako karma-vandhana ke nimitto se bacA sakatA hai /

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104 jainadharma . jIvana aura jagat hotA hai| prAcIna bhArata me yaha "hADI"- bhojana-pakAne ke pAtra artha me prayukta hotA thaa| jaise- sthAlI pulAka nyAya / sthAlI kA hI apabhraza thAlI hai| dakSiNa bhArata meM suhAga kA pramukha cihna hai thAlI / "mAgalyam-thAlI" yAnI pIle dhAgevAlI sunaharI paiDila-jo vivAha-maDapa me pitA vadhU ke gale me magala-sUtra kI bhAti pahanAtA hai / hama jisa kriyA kA prayojana samajhate haiM, usake sivAya bhI usa kriyA ke agaNita prayojana ho sakate haiM / hamane jisa vastu ko jisa rUpa meM jAnA, samajhA hai, usake atirikta bhI use samajhane ke aneka koNa ho sakate haiN| hamAre jJAta artha ke sivAya usakI aneka jJeya paryAyeM ho sakatI haiM / jisa ghaTanA kI hame jo pratIti hotI hai, usake sivAya usame aneka pratItiyA atargabhita ho sakatI haiN| anekAnta dRSTi se hI ina sabame sAmajasya sthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai / samAdhAna khojA jA sakatA hai| jaina-darzana ke anusAra sasAra me anata jIva haiN| ve anata svabhAva ke haiM / anata vastue haiN| unake anata paryAya haiM, anata paramANu haiM aura manata pariNamana haiN| anata jIva, anata dRzya padArtha aura ananta pariNamana-yahI jAgatika satya hai| satya kA svarUpa sApekSa hai| apekSA-daSTi se dekhane para bhI guNa-dharma satya hai / nirapekSa kucha bhI nahIM hai / isa sApekSa vicAra-zailI kA nAma hI anekAnta hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne matya kI upalabdhi ke lie eka alaukika darzana prastuta kiyA hai| unhone kahA-vastu kA eka dharma hI satya nahI hai, usake sabhI dharma satya haiM / eka dRSTikoNa se vastu kA eka dharma jitanA satya hai, dUsarI dRSTi se usakA dUsarA dharma bhI utanA hI satya hai / isa prakAra apekSAbheda se yaha siddha ho jAtA hai ki vastu anata dharmAtmaka hai / __bhagavAn mahAvIra ne bhAratIya darzana ke maulika tattvo-AtmA, zarIra padArtha, pudgala, paramANu, loka, badhana aura mukti kA pratipAdana anekAnta kI zailI meM kiyA hai / padArtha ke vibhinna guNa-dharmoM kA vibhinna dRSTiyo se vizleSaNa kara unhone virAT satya kI prastuti dI hai| jaina-darzana ke anusAra jIva pudgala Adi samasta padArthoM ke svarUpanirNaya ke pariprekSya me use kama-se-kama cAra dRSTiyo se parakhanA nitAnta apekSita hai / ve dRSTiyAM haiM-(1) dravya-dRSTi, (2) kSetra-dRSTi, (3) kAladRSTi (4) bhAva-dRSTi / yahA dravya, kSetra kAla aura bhAva ko samajha lenA bhI jarUrI hai dravya-guNa samudAya ko dravya kahate haiM / dravya kA artha hai vastu /

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106 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat vyavasthA kaise calegI? jIvana-krama kaise calegA? isakA uttara hai ki anekAta me isa virodha ke parihAra kA mArga bhI upalabdha hai| usakA eka sUtra hai-sarvathA virodha aura sarvathA avirodha jaisA duniyA me kucha bhI nahIM hai| jahA virodha hai vahA avirodha bhI hai / virodha aura avirodha ko kabhI kama nahI kiyA jA sktaa| yaha vizva sapratipakSa hai / pratipakSa ke binA pakSa kA astitva sabhava nhiiN| hamArA jIvana dvandvAtmaka hai / sukha-dukha, lAbha-alAbha, jIvana-maraNa, mAna-apamAna-ye saba sApekSa haiM / inako eka dUsare se alaga nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, inake virodha-parihAra kA upAya hai- sApekSatA / hamAre zarIra me do paraspara virodhI prANa dhArAe pravAhita haiMnegeTiva aura pojiTiva / candranADI aura sUryanADI / para kyA ye sarvathA virodhI haiM ? sacAI yaha hai ki eka ke vinA dUsarI kA bhI astitva surakSita nahI rahatA / akelI candranADI yA akelI sUryanADI hamAre jIvana ko surakSita nahI rakha sktii| hamAre zarIra ko sakriya nahI rakha sktii| hamArI zArIrika, mAnasika aura bhAvanAtmaka kriyAo kA sacAlana nahI kara sktii| hamAre jIvana kA eka AdhAra hai prANa vAyu aura apAna vAyu / ye paraspara virodhI hai phira bhI dono kA sApekSa mUlya hai / jIvana ke lie dono kI anivAryatA hai| hamAre zarIra me aneka prakAra kI granthiyA hai| sabake alaga-alaga bhAva haiM / alaga-alaga kArya haiM phira bhI saba eka dUsare ke pUraka hai / paraspara sAmajasya hai / jaba taka sAmajasya pUrvaka granthi-tatra kAma karatA hai, taba taka zArIrika sthiti ThIka rahatI hai / sAmajasya TA ki saba gaDabaDA jaaegaa| satulana virodho ke madhya setu hai / satulana kA AdhAra hai anekAta dRSTi / anekAta sApekSa satyo kI svIkRti hai / apekSA bheda se hI hama zAzvata aura sAmayika satya ko apanI-apanI bhUmikA me svIkRti yA asvIkRti dete haiM / virodhI yugalo me sagati sthApita karane kA AdhAra hai vivakSA-bheda / jisa samaya me padArtha ke jisa guNa-dharma kI vivakSA hotI hai, vaha pradhAna ho jAtA hai aura zeSa sAre dharma goNa rUpa se usa padArtha ke antahita ho jAte haiM / aisA kie binA pratyeka padArtha hamAre lie anupayogI yA aprAsagika ho jAtA hai| gati kI sAmAnya prakriyA hai ki eka paira Age rahe aura eka para pIche rahe / yadi dono para Age yA barAbara rahane kA Agraha kare to gatikriyA nahI ho sakatI / vilaunA karate samaya mathanI kI rassI ko thAmane vAle dono hAtha kramaza Age pIche hote rahate haiM / tabhI mathana hotA hai / navanIta nikalatA hai / vastu ke eka dharma kI pradhAnatA aura zeSa samasta dharmoM kI apradhAnatA anekAta kA vyAvahArika rUpa hai|

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108 jainadharma . jIvana aura jagat para bhI vicAra kara leN| anekAnta vastu kA svabhAva hai| sarvajJo ke anatajJAna kI pratyakSa anubhUti hai| anata dharmAtmaka vastu kA kathana binA dRSTi-binduo ke sabhava nahI / vastu ke anata dharmoM ke pratipAdana kI kSamatA bhI bhASA jagat ke kisI bhI zabda me nahI hai| ata 'syAt' zabda ke mAdhyama se satya ko sApekSa pratipAdita karane kI paddhati kA nAma syAdvAda hai / anekAnta sApekSa jIvana-zailI hai aura syAdvAda pratipAdana kI paddhati / anekAta darzana hai, usakA vyakta rUpa syAdvAda hai / vAstava me dekhA jAe to anekAta aura syAdvAda Apasa me gahare juDe hue haiN| juDavA bacco kI taraha, eka dUsare ke pUraka / anekAta ke binA syAdvAda kA janma nahI, syAdvAda ke binA anekAta hamAre liye upayogI nahI / anekAta ko ujAgara karane vAlA syAdvAda - apekSA hai anekAtavAda aura syAdvAda-ina dono kA hI vartamAna samasyAo ke pariprekSya meM adhyayana kiyA jAe aura mAnavIya vyavahAra ke sAtha isa mahAn darzana ko joDakara jAgatika stara para samanvaya aura sahaastitva ko pratiSThita kiyA jaae|

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110 jainadharma : jIvana aura jagat kyoki usame kAryazIla pudgala paramANu sapUrNata naSTa nahI hote / dIpaka ke tela aura bAtI jalate haiM, ve dhUma tathA gaisa me pariNata ho jAte haiM, ata unakA svarUpa parivartana avazya hotA hai, para vilayana nhii| AkAza, jo sAdhAraNatayA nitya pratIta hotA hai, vaha bhI kathacita anitya bhI hai| unmukta AkAza jaba ghere me banda ho jAtA hai to usakI avasthiti meM parivartana ho jAtA hai| yaha parivartana hI anityatA kA sasUcaka hai| yaha nizcita hai ki sthAyitva ke binA parivartana AdhArazUnya hai aura parivartana ke vinA sthAyitva mUlyahIna / koI bhI padArtha sthAyitva aura parivartana kI rekhA kA atikramaNa nahI kara sktaa| Ama ko nicoDakara rasa banA liyA gyaa| hamArI Akho ke sAmane aba vaha Ama kA phala nahI hai| rasa, jo pahale dRSTigocara nahIM thA, hamAre sAmane hai, para usame Amratva vahI hai / ume hama nAragI kA rasa nahI kahege / jahA taka cintana aura mAnyatA kA prazna hai, anekAnta dRSTi hamArA patha prazasta kara detI hai / padArtha ananta haiM aura unhe jAnane ke lie daSTiyA bhI ananta haiN| para abhivyakti kA sAdhana to eka bhASA hI hai| vaha bhI itanI lacIlI aura durbala ki usake dvArA hama eka kSaNa me vastu ke eka dharma kA hI pratipAdana kara sakate haiN| isakA artha hotA hai -- eka vastu kA pratipAdana karane ke lie ananta zabda caahie| aura vaise ananta-ananta padArthoM ke lie ananta-ananta zavda caahie| unake lie jIvana bhI ananta cAhie, para yaha mabhava nahI / ata hama isa niSkarSa taka pahuMcate haiM ki bhASA ke sahAre hama na to vastu kA sapUrNa parijJAna hI kara sakate haiM aura na hI abhivyakti / lekina jaina tIrthakaro ne bhApA ke bhaDAra ko eka aisA ratna pradAna kiyA, jimo prabhA-maDala se samUcA bhApA-bhaDAra jagamagA utthaa| vaha zabda ratna hai 'syaat'| yaha itanA sakSama hai ki jisa vastu ke sAtha ise joDa diyA jAe, uga vastu ke mamaga mpa ko abhivyakta karane kA apanA dAyitva vaha vahata hI jAgarUkatA meM nibhAtA hai| yaha mApA-jagat kA prANa hai / isake abhAva me bhApA apane dAyitva kA nirvAha kara hI nahIM paatii| yaha akhaDa satya ke pratipAdana kA mAdhyama hai / yaha eka aisA darpaNa hai, jisame vastu ke sabhI rUpa eka mAya prativimbita ho sakate haiM / yaha vastu ke kisI eka dharma kA mukhyatayA pratipAdana karatA hu bhI usake gepa ananta dharmoM ko Akho me ojhala nahI kara mrtaa| ___ vAyaM zrI tuTamI ne zrI "bhikSu nyAyakaNikA" me syAvAda kI garama meM mugama paribhASA dete hue liyA hai-- apaMgAnapaMgAmyAmanekAntAtmakAyaMpratipAdanapaddhatiH syAvAda / banena varmA vantu sA eka gamaya me, eka dharma kI prajAnatA

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110 jainadharma : jIvana aura jagat kyoki usame kAryazIla pudgala paramANu sapUrNata naSTa nahI hote / dIpaka ke tela aura vAtI jalate haiM, ve dhUma tathA gaisa me pariNata ho jAte haiM, ata unakA svarUpa parivartana avazya hotA hai, para vilayana nhii| AkAza, jo sAdhAraNatayA nitya pratIta hotA hai, vaha bhI kathacita anitya bhI hai| unmukta AkAza jaba ghere me banda ho jAtA hai to usakI avasthiti meM parivartana ho jAtA hai| yaha parivartana hI anityatA kA sasUcaka hai| yaha nizcita hai ki sthAyitva ke binA parivartana AdhArazUnya hai aura parivartana ke binA sthAyitva mUlyahIna / koI bhI padArtha sthAyitva aura parivartana kI rekhA kA atikramaNa nahI kara sktaa| Ama ko nicoDakara rasa banA liyA gyaa| hamArI Akho ke sAmane aba vaha Ama kA phala nahI hai / rasa, jo pahale dRSTigocara nahI thA, hamAre sAmane hai, para usame Amratva vahI hai / use hama nAragI kA rasa nahI kahege / jahA taka cintana aura mAnyatA kA prazna hai, anekAnta daSTi hamArA patha prazasta kara detI hai / padArtha ananta haiM aura unhe jAnane ke lie dRSTiyA bhI ananta haiN| para abhivyakti kA sAdhana to eka bhASA hI hai| vaha bhI itanI lacIlI aura durbala ki usake dvArA hama eka kSaNa me vastu ke eka dharma kA hI pratipAdana kara sakate haiN| isakA artha hotA hai-- eka vastu kA pratipAdana karane ke lie ananta zabda cAhie / aura vaise ananta-ananta padArthoM ke lie ananta-ananta zabda caahie| unake lie jIvana bhI ananta cAhie, para yaha sabhava nahI / ata hama isa niSkarSa taka pahuMcate haiM ki bhASA ke sahAre hama na to vastu kA sapUrNa parijJAna hI kara sakate haiM aura na hI abhivyakti / lekina jaina tIrthaMkaro ne bhASA ke bhaDAra ko eka aisA ratna pradAna kiyA, jisake prabhA-ma Dala se samUcA bhASA-bhaDAra jagamagA utthaa| vaha zabda ratna hai 'syAt' / yaha itanA sakSama hai ki jisa vastu ke sAtha ise jor3a diyA jAe, usa vastu ke samagra rUpa ko abhivyakta karane kA apanA dAyitva vaha bahuta hI jAgarUkatA se nibhAtA hai| yaha bhASA-jagata kA prANa hai| isake abhAva meM bhApA apane dAyitva kA nirvAha kara hI nahI pAtI / yaha akhaDa satya ke pratipAdana kA mAdhyama hai / yaha eka aisA darpaNa hai, jisame vastu ke sabhI rUpa eka mAya pratibimbita ho sakate haiN| yaha vastu ke kisI eka dharma kA mukhyatayA pratipAdana karatA huA bhI usake zeSa ananta dharmoM ko Akho me ojhala nahIM psrtaa| jAcArya zrI tulasI ne zrI "bhikSu nyAyakaNikA" me syAdvAda kI marana aura mugama paribhASA dete hue likhA hai apaMNAnapaMNAbhyAmanekAntAtmakAryapratipAdanapaddhatiH syAvAda / aneka varmAtmaka vastu kA eka mamaya me, eka dharma kI pradhAnatA

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111 janadarzana me syAdvAda vivakSA aura zeSa dharmoM kI apradhAnatA-avivakSA se pratipAdana karane kI paddhati anekAntavAda hai| 'syAt' zabda ke prayoga se hama isa prayatna me saphala ho sakate haiM, ata ise syAdvAda bhI kahate haiN| syAt kA artha sazaya yA sabhava nahI / sazaya anirNAyakatA kI sthiti meM hotA hai / vaha ajJAna hai / usakI bhASA banatI hai-'yaha acchA hai yA burA, kucha nahI kaha skte| isake viparIta svAdvAda nirNAyaka jJAna hai / usakI bhASA hai-yaha amuka dRSTi se acchA hI hai aura amuka dRSTi se burA hI hai / vastu sat bhI hai aura asat bhI hai| arthAt vaha apane dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI dRSTi se sat hai aura dUsare ke dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se 'asat' hai / eka phUla hai| usame asti dharma jitanA sAvakAza hai, utanA hI nAsti dharma bhI hai| isalie pratyakSa dikhane vAle phUla ke viSaya me bhI hama nizcita kaha sakate haiM-yaha phUla hai bhI aura nahI bhii| sabhavata eka bAra yaha hame aTapaTA-sA lage, para tabhI taka, jaba taka ki hama use vividha apekSAo ke pariprekSya me nahI samajha lete / daSTiyAM nahI dravya dRSTi yaha gulAba kA phUla hai kamala kA phUla nahIM hai kSetra dRSTi yaha jayapura kA hai udayapura kA nahI hai kAla dRSTi yaha vasanta Rtu kA hai grISma kA nahIM hai bhAva dRSTi yaha vikasita hai avikasita nahIM hai| isa prakAra eka hI vastu me dArzanika dRSTi se nitya-anitya Adi tathA vyAvahArika dRSTi se choTA-baDA, dUra-samIpa, acchA-burA, khaTTA-mIThA, zItala-uSNa Adi ananta dharmoM kI avasthiti nirvAdha hai| yaha 'syAt' zabda paraspara-viruddha dharmoM kA pratipAdana nahIM karatA, apitu hame jo virodha lagatA hai, usakA yaha apekSA bheda se nirasana karatA hai| pratyeka padArtha ke vividha rUpa haiN| use ekarUpa mAnanA ciMtana kI jaDatA kA pratIka hai| bhojana kI upayogitA ko kona nakAra sakatA hai ? vaha bhUkhe vyakti ke lie parama rasAyana, auSadha tathA amRta hai / lekina vahI ajIrNagrasta vyakti ke lie kyA jahara nahI bana sakatA ? vyAyAma svAsthya ke lie lAbhaprada haiM, parantu kinhI paristhitiyo me vaha asvAsthya ko baDhAne vAlA bhI ho jAtA hai|| hama isa sApekSa dRSTi ko dUsare udAharaNa se aura smjhe| mAna leM do vyaktiyo ne eka hI samaya meM eka hI ghaDe kA pAnI piyaa| eka ko vaha pAnI bahuta ThaDA lagA, pIkara tRpta ho gyaa| dUsare kI pyAsa nahI bujhI / use vaha pAnI garma lagA / yaha kyo ? pAnI samAna hote hue bhI do vyaktiyoM kI pratIti aura pariNAma me itanA antara ? isakA kAraNa yahI ho sakatA

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112 jainadharma jIvana aura jana hai ki pahalA vyakti nala kA garma pAnI pIkara AyA hai, use ghaDe kA pa ThaDA laga rahA hai aura jo varpha khAkara AyA hai use yahI pAnI garma laga' hai / yaha hai avasthA-bheda se savedana kI bhinnatA / eka phUla hai| koI vyakti usake rUpa para nichAvara ho jAtA hai koI mAdakatA bharI mahaka se unmatta / cintAo me DUbA kisI kA mana viha phUlo ko dekha prasannatA se bhara uThatA hai to kisI kI vAsanA ubhara jAtI kucha vyakti phUlo kI sugadhi aura komala sasparza ke sukha-bhoga me lIna ra haiM, vahA kucha samaya-samaya para sarasAye murajhAye phUlo me podgalika sukho anityatA kA bodha kara virakta bhI ho jAte haiN| yadi vastu eka dharmAtmaka hotI to alaga-alaga paristhitiyo me usakA prabhAva eka-sA hI hotaa| nahIM hotaa| hama vidyut ke yuga me jI rahe haiM, ghara-parivAro me bahuta-sI pravRtti bijalI ke AdhAra para calatI haiN| vijalI ke upayoga hetu tAra phiTa f jAte haiN| uname vidyut kI dhArA pravAhita hotI hai| usase pakhA calatA balba jalatA hai, bhojana pakatA hai, reDiyo bajatA hai, TI0vI0 calatA TelIphona para bAtacIta hotI hai. makAna vAtAnukUlita banatA hai / isa praka aneka rUpo me manuSya vidyut zakti kA upayoga karatA hai| jaisA ki ha jAnA sabhI tAro me eka hI vijalI kA pravAha hai phira bhI pakhe me usa cAlaka guNa, balba me prakAzaka guNa, sigaDI me dAhaka guNa, reDiyo/TelIpa me dhvani-sapreSaka guNa kriyAzIla hai| jo vaTana dabAyA jAtA hai, vahI prakaTa ho jAtA hai| isase spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki vidyut me aneka guNa-' vidyamAna haiM / yahA yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki usake anyAnya guNa vibhinna ni pAkara hI ubharate haiM / balba me usakA prakAzaka guNa hI kArya karatA hai, na dAhaka guNa / para itane mAtra se hama usake dAhaka guNa ko nakAra nahIM saka hA, prakAzaka gaNa ke ubharate hI zeSa dharma apradhAna banakara usakA anuga karane laga jAte haiN| gati ke lie yaha anivArya bhI hai| eka paira jaba baDhatA hai to dUsarA apane Apa pIche haTa jAtA hai| yaha gati me bAdhA na preraNA hai-yadi eka paira pIche haTane se inkAra kara de to bar3I muzkila jaae| isa prakAra anekAta aura syAdvAda ke mAdhyama se hama padArtha kA samya bodha aura samyak-pratipAdana kara sakate haiN| isakI upAdeyatA kevala va jagat taka hI parisImita nahI hai| hamAre jIvana kA pratyeka pahalU i saspRSTa tathA ujAgara hai / __ hamArA jIvana ekatA aura vividhatA kA yoga hai| manuSya-manuSya hai, yaha samAnatA kI anubhUti samUcI mAnava-jAti ko ekatva ke sUtra me pi

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janadarzana me syAdvAda rakhatI hai / sabakI ruciyA, apekSAe jIne kI paddhatiyA aura apekSA-pUrti ke srota haiM bhinna, ata vaha vividha rUpo meM vibhakta ho jAtI hai / vyakti kA jisake sAtha adhika lagAva yA mamatva hotA hai, use vaha mahattva detA hai / phalata vibhinna varga, jAti, bhASA, sampradAya Adi kI rekhAe ubhara AtI haiN| mahattva denA burA nahI, yadi usase dUsaro kA mahattva aura hita khaNDita na ho| samasyA yahI prasUta hotI hai ki vyakti 'sva' ko jitanA mahattva detA hai, 'para' ko utanA hI nakArane laga jAtA hai| yahI se mAnavIya ekatA khaNDita hone lagatI hai| sagharSa ke jvAlAmukhI phUTa paDate eka parivAra me aneka sadasya hote haiN| una sabake hita, svArtha, ruciyA aura yogyatAe bhinna hotI haiN| isa sthiti me kisI eka ke hito, yogyatAo Adi ko mahattva va sammAna dene para paraspara TakarAva hotA hai aura alagAva kI dIvAreM khiMca jAtI haiN| dhIre-dhIre vaimanasya, ghRNA aura pratihiMsA kI bhAvanAe balavatI hotI jAtI haiN| sarasa pArivArika jIvana me virasatA kA viSa ghulane laga jAtA hai| isake viparIta yadi pratyeka sadasya apane hitoM aura bhAvanAo ko gauNa kara dUsare kI bhAvanAo aura hitoM ko prAthamikatA de to svaya kA hita vighaTita kabhI nahI hotA, vaha adhika sadhatA hai aura pArivArika jIvana madhumaya bana jAtA hai| nirapekSa vyavahAra jahA ekatva meM bikharAva paidA karatA hai, vahA sApekSa vyavahAra vikharI huI maNiyo ko sundara mAlA kA AkAra pradAna karatA hai| sApekSa dRSTikoNa zAnta, sarasa aura sukhI jIvana kA mUla mantra hai| daSTi kI ekAgitA Agraha ko janma detI hai| Agraha himA hai, jisakI bhUmikA me vaimanasya aura durbhAvanAo ke bIja akurita hote haiM, jo eka dina viSa-vRkSa ke rUpa me hamAre sAmane prastuta hote haiN| vartamAna ke sadarbha meM bhI syAdvAda kI arhatA nirvivAda hai| isame vaiyaktika, sAmAjika, rASTrIya aura antarrASTrIya sabhI samasyAoM kA sundara samAdhAna sanihita hai| ___ zopaNahIna samAja kI saracanA, ni zastrIkaraNa, vizvamaitrI, sahaastitva Adi dRSTiyo aura siddhAto kA pallavana-unnayana syAdvAda ke pratiSThAna se hI sabhava hai| jaina darzana kI yaha sulajhI huI mAnyatA samUce vizva ke lie eka vaijJAnika dena hai|

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jaina dharma meM jAtivAda kA AdhAra kisI amIra vyakti kA aha jaagaa| vaibhava ke pradarzana kI vRtti pnpii| mA kI pUjA kA virAT Ayojana rakhA gyaa| sone kI caukI bnvaaii| Ayojana ke pazcAt vaha svarNa-nirmita bhArI caukI brAhmaNa ko dakSiNA me dete hue garva ke sAtha bolA-"paDitajI / Aja taka koI itanA baDA dAnI Apane dekhA kyA ?" jaba aha se aha TakarAtA hai to vaha adhika zaktizAlI ho jAtA hai / eka rupaye ke sAtha sone kI caukI lauTAte hue paDitajI ne kahA- "seThajI / Aja taka koI itanA baDA tyAgI dekhA kyA ?" seThajI kA aha cUra-cUra ho gyaa| jAtivAda kI mAnyatA ke pIche bhI aisI hI garvoktiyA paraspara TakarAtI haiM aura sagharSa kI cinagAriyA uchalatI haiN| ___ jAtivAda kA prazna nayA nahI, hajAro varSa purAnA hai| mahAvIra aura buddha ke samaya isakI carcA ne ugra rUpa dhAraNa kara liyA thaa| rAjanaitika, sAmAjika, dhArmika- sabhI kSetro me jAtivAda kA daitya praveza pA cukA thaa| jAtivAda ke mUla me do prakAra kI vicAra-dhArAe rahI haiN| eka brAhmaNa-paramparA kI aura dUsarI zramaNa-paramparA kii| eka "jAti" kI tAtvika mAnatI hai aura dUsarI atAtvika / brAhmaNa-paramparA ne janmanA jAti kA siddhAta sthApita kara use tAtvika mAnA, Izvara-kRta mAnA / zramaNa-paramparA ne karmaNA jAti kA siddhAta sthApita kara use atAtvika maanaa| samAja-vyavasthA kI suvidhA ke lie manuSya dvArA kiyA gayA vargIkaraNa maanaa| brAhmaNa-paramparA ne kahA-brahmA ke mukha se janmane vAle brAhmaNa, bhujA se janmane vAle kSatriya, peTa se janmane vAle vaizya aura pairo se janmane vAle zUdra haiN| janma-sthAna kI bhinnatA ke kAraNa ina vargoM kI zreSThatAazreSThatA ghoSita kI gii| brAhmaNo ko sarvotkRSTa aura pUjya mAnA gayA / antyajoM ko nikRSTatama aura ghRNita mAnA gyaa| zramaNa-paramparA ne isa mAnyatA kA virodha kiyA aura yaha pakSa sthApita kiyA ki brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra karma (AcaraNa) se hota hai| jAti ke AdhAra para kisI ko hIna mAnanA aparAdha hai| mAnavatA kA apamAna hai| jAtivAda ke viruddha isa mahAna krAti ke sUtradhAra the-bhagavAn mahAvIra aura mahAtmA buddha / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA-hIna jAti meM utpanna

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jainadharma me jAtivAda kA AdhAra 115 vyakti bhI tapa sAdhanA dvArA zreSThanA aura pUjyatA ko prApta kara sakatA hai| isake viparIta ucca kula me utpanna hokara bhI caritra-bhraSTa vyakti uccatA hAsila nahI kara sktaa| isalie jAti kI dRSTi se na koI hIna hai, na koI atirikta hai / na UcA hai, na nIcA hai / prazna hotA hai -hindustAna me jAti kA vibhAjana kaba aura kyoM huA ? tathA jAtivAda kyo panapA ? jaina paramparA ke anusAra pahale manuSya jAti eka thii| yuga ke Arabha me jAtiyo kI vyavasthA nahI thii| vaha yaugalika yuga thaa| janasakhyA sImita thii| jo bhAI-bahana ke rUpa me utpanna hote pati-patnI banakara eka sAtha rahate ora eka sAtha hI mrte| unheM yugalacArI yA yaugalika kahA jAtA thaa| yaugalika yuga palaTA / karma-yuga kA pravartana huA / bhagavAn RSabha rAjA bane / unhone manuSya-samAja ko kucha vargoM meM vibhAjita kara diyaa| mUla bAta yaha thI ki RSabha ne rAjya sacAlana ke lie kucha vyavasthAe dI thii| jahA vyavasthA hotI hai, vahA vibhAga Avazyaka hote haiN| vibhAga kA AdhAra haisamAja kI vibhinna apekssaae| unhone samAja ko tIna vibhAgo me bAMTA1. pagama 2 kauzala aura 3 utpAdana / ina tIno ke pratIka vane-asi, masi aura kRSi zabda / __ jaba janasakhyA baDhI, kalpavRkSa ghaTe aura logo kI jarUrata bar3hI to Rpabha ne nirdeza diyA-utpAdana baDhAo aura samAja kI jarUratoM ko pUrA kro| kRpi kA vikAsa huaa| kRSaka-varga ubhraa| utpAdana ke vinimaya-vitaraNa aura niryAta kI vyavasthA ke lie Rpabha ne eka vibhAga sthApita kiyaa| usake AdhAra para vyavasAya-vANijya-kauzala kA vikAsa huA / vastu-vinimaya aura vitaraNa me dono pakSo ko nyAya mile, lAbha mile, sabakI AvazyakatAo kI pUrti ucita vinimaya ke AdhAra para ho, isa dRSTi se vyavasthita hisAba-kitAva rakhanA bhI Avazyaka samajhA gyaa| usakA mAdhyama thA-lekhana / likhane kA pratIka zabda bana gyaa| msi-syaahii| jahA vinimaya kI bAta hotI hai vahA sagharSa kI sabhAvanAe bhI rahatI haiM / hito me TakarAva aura ApAdhApI kI sthiti utpanna ho sakatI hai / Rpabha ne sabake hito ke sarakSaNa hetu rakSA-vyavasthA dii| usakA pratIka banA asi zabda / asi yAni talavAra hathiyAra kA pratIka bana gyaa| samAja kI rakSA vahI kara sakatA hai jo parAkramI ho / vaha parAkramI varga kSatriya khlaayaa| isa prakAra bhagavAn RSabha ne utkAlIna sAmAjika apekSAo ke AdhAra para samAja kI suvidhA, vikAsa aura surakSA kI dRSTi se yaha triveNI-vyavasthA dii|

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116 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat vaidika paramparA me nirdhArita cAturvarNya-vyavasthA kA mUla AdhAra bhI buddhi, parAkrama, vinimaya aura sevA hI rahA hai| brahmA ke mukha bhujA udara aura pairo se utpanna hone kI jo bAta kahI gaI hai vaha bhI pratIkAtmaka hI hai / mukha buddhi kA, bhujA parAkrama kA, peTa vyavasAya-vinimaya kA, paira gatizIlatA-sevA kA pratIka hai / jahA samAja athavA rAjya-sacAlana kA prazna hotA hai, vahA vyavasthAe Avazyaka haiM / jahA vyavasthA hai, vahA vargIkaraNa bhI jarUrI hai| samAja ke lie buddhi, parAkrama, vyavasAya-kauzala aura sevA me se kisI eka tattva ko bhI upekSita nahI kiyA jA sktaa| samasyA tava ubharatI hai, jaba kisI bhI pravRtti kA uddezya aura mUla rUpa ojhana ho jAtA hai tathA dUsarA pakSa ubhara kara sAmane A jAtA hai / kANTa ne sAmAjikatA kI dRSTi se vyaktiyo ko tIna vargoM meM bATA 1 buddhi pradhAna 2 sAhasa pradhAna aura 3 vAsanA pradhAna-saba kI vAsanA-icchA kI ApUrti karane vAlA varga / yaha vargIkaraNa jaina cintana ke adhika nikaTa hai, anukUla hai| , sAmAnyata hara vyakti me tIno zaktiyA hotI haiN| kintu saba me saba prakAra kI zaktiyo kA vikAsa samAna nahI hotaa| jisame jisa zakti kA viziSTa vikAsa hotA hai vaha vyakti usa varga ke sAtha juDa jAtA hai| para eka varga ke vyaktiyo me amuka zakti kA vikAsa hotA hI hai, yaha jarUrI nahI hai| brAhmaNo me bhI apar3ha -avidyAvAna ho sakate haiN| kSatriya jAti meM bhI koI bhIrU ho sakatA hai| vaizya parivAra me janma lene vAlo me bhI sabako vyAvasAyika-buddhi, vANijya-kauzala upalabdha ho, yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai| zilpa aura sevA-kArya bhI kisI kI niyati nahI ho sktii| isIlie jainacintako ne kahA -jAti tAtvika nahI hai / maulika nahI hai| jAti-vyavasthA manuSya dvArA kRta hai| samAja kI upayogitA hai| vaha vyakti kI kamajA zakti ke sAtha juDI huI hai| kAya-parivartana ke sAtha hI jAtigata mAnyatA parivatita ho jAtI hai| isa prasaga me AcArya kRpalAnI kA udAharaNa bahuta hI preraka ho sakatA hai / eka bAra ve Trana se yAtrA kara rahe the| bagala kI sITa para baiTha sajjana ne pUchA--"Apa kisa kauma ke haiM ?" kRpalAno mauna rhe| dUsarI-tIsarI bAra pUchane para bole - "bhAI / maiM kisI eka koma kA hoU to bAlU / dekho; subaha-subaha apanI sApha-saphAI karatA hUM, isalie harijana huuN|

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/ jainadharma me jAtivAda kA AdhAra 117 madhyAhna me kharIradArI karatA hU athavA sahayoga kA vinimaya karatA hU, ata' vaMzya huuN| merI vRtti hai adhyApana, isalie brAhmaNa hU tathA apanI aura apane parivAra kI rakSA kA dAyitva nibhAtA hai, isalie maiM kSatriya bhI hai| yahI bAta bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahI thI - manuSya karma se brAhmaNa hotA hai, karma se kSatriya hotA hai, karma se vaizya hotA hai aura karma se hI zUdra hotA hai / isalie jAti ko lekara kisI se ghRNA mata kro| jAti kA vargIkaraNa karma ke AdhAra para hotA hai isa tathya ko samajhAte hue unhone kahA-samAja vyaktiyo se banatA hai / vyaktiyoM meM zakti kI bhinnatA aura taratamatA hotI hai| usI ke anurUpa karma hotA hai / karma jAti kA AdhArabhUta tattva hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra aura buddha ne jAtivAda ke viruddha tIvra Andolana calAyA / unhone kahA- jAti kA garva mata kro| jAti kA aha naraka kA kAraNa hai / itane prayatno ke bAvajUda bhI hamAre deza me jAtivAda kA juDAva mAnava-mana ke sAtha gaharA ho gayA hai / hIna kula me utpanna hone vAle vyakti ko sAmAnya mAnavIya adhikAro se vacita kara diyA gyaa| usake lie vikAsa ke sAre dvAra vanda ho gae / dharma ke logo ne jAtivAda kI ADa meM ApasI vaimanasya ko baDhAvA dene me pramukha bhUmikA nibhAI / usa samaya yaha tattva bhulA diyA jAtA hai ki jAti vyavahArAzrita hai aura dharma AtmAzrita / Atma-jagat me pratyeka prANI samAna hai / vahA jAtiyo ke vibhAga indriyo ke AdhAra para haiN| dharma ke AdhAra para mAnava kA baTavArA karanA dharma-viruddha hai| dharma ke upadeSTA RSiyo ne kahA-pratyeka prANI ko apane jaimA samajho * unakI dRSTi me bhASA, varNa, dharma, jAti Adi ko lekara bhedabhAvanA ko prazraya denA anucita hai / jAtiyo kI kalpanA kevala karma kI dRSTi se kI gayI thii| AcAra, rIti-rivAja tathA bhaugolika dRSTi se bhinna hote hue bhI "manuSya jAti eka hai" aisA kaha kara saba me bhrAtRtva ke cIja boye gaye the| phira bhI manuSya isa ekatA ko bhUlakara anekatA me vibhakta ho gyaa| vaha jAti ke mada me eka ko UcA aura eka ko nIcA samajhane lagA / phalasvarUpa samAja me ghaNA kA vAtAvaraNa nirmita ho gyaa| zramaNa-paramparA ke vidvAn mAcArya dharma-kIrti ne jaDatA ke pAca nakSaNa vatAe haiM, uname eka hai jAti kA ahsaar| aha unmAda paidA karatA hai| unmAda kI sthiti me itanI moTI bAta bhI samajha meM nahIM AtI ki bhAdamI nAdamI ko nIcA na samajhe, use bhrAtRtva kI dRSTi se dekhe, bhrAtRtvabhAvanA kA vikAsa kre| vAstava me jAti Adi ko lekara kisI ko UcA-nIcA samajhanA

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118 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat koI bauddhika bAta nahIM hai| yaha mAtra mAnyatA kA prazna hai| kisI bhI mAnyatA ke pIche vyakti kI vRttiyA kAma karatI haiN| sampradAya, sagaThana, sasthAna Adi kI apanI-apanI mAnyatAe hotI haiM / pratyeka mAnyatA ke pIche bhinna-bhinna vRttiyA rahatI haiN| jaina manovijJAna kI dRSTi se jAtivAda aura sampradAyavAda ke pIche mUla vRtti hai raag| jahA rAga hotA hai, vahA dveSa nizcita hotA hai / apanI jAti ke prati rAga vyakti me ahabhAva bharatA hai aura anya jAti ke prati dveSa tathA ghRNA kA vAtAvaraNa nirmita karatA hai| rAga aura dvaSa ko prakaTa hone ke lie kisI-na-kisI mAdhyama kI jarUrata rahatI hai / bhAratIya samAja me isa vRtti ko panapane kA maukA milA jAtigata bheda-bhAva ke mAdhyama se / pazcimI dezo me jAti kI samasyA nahIM hai to vahA raga-bheda kI samasyA bahuta vikarAla hai| raga ke AdhAra para kAle aura goreye do varga bana gaye aura sagharSa kA antahIna silasilA cAla ho gyaa| isa samasyA ne rAjanIti, samAjanIti, arthanIti tathA zikSAnIti ko prabhAvita kiyA hai / raga ke AdhAra para manuSyajAti ko vibhakta kara ApasI vidveSa bhora vaimanasya ko bar3hAvA diyA hai / sacAI yaha hai ki kisI ko hIna mAna kara apanI uccatA kabhI sthApita nahI kI jA sktii| vartamAna kI ciMtana-dhArA ke anusAra jAtivAda kA samarthana karanA na buddhimAnI hai, na tarka-sagata hai, na kAnUna-sammata hai aura na nyAya-sagata / jAti ke AdhAra para kisI ko hIna mAnanA, achUta mAnanA, mAnavAdhikAra kA spaSTa hanana hai| jAti ko atAtvika mAnane vAle darzano ne jaise manuSya-jAti eka hai" kA ghopa diyA, vaise jAti ko tAttvika-maulika mAnane vAle IzvaravAdI darzano ne bhI uttarakAla me yaha ghoSaNA kI ki manuSya acchA burA karmoM se hotA hai / jAti me nahI / phira siddhAtata jo svIkAra kiyA gayA vaha vyavahAra me nahI aayaa| vyAvahArika dharAtala para jAtivAda kA vipa-vRkSa vaise hI phalatA-phUlatA rahA / bhAratIya itihAsa ke pRSTha aisI ghaTanAo se bhare paDe haiM, jahA jAtIyatA ke nAma para dAnavatA ko khulakara khelane kA avasara milaa| insAna ke dvArA unmAna ke sAtha karatA aura nirdayatA pUrNa vyavahAra huaa| jAtIyatA ke abhizApa se pIDita na jAne kitane sUtaputra karNa aura bhIlapuSa ekalavya Aja bhI karuNa pukAra kara rahe haiM ki phauna janma letA kisa kula me Akasmika hI hai yaha bAta choTe phula para hAya ! yahA hote rahate kitane mAghAta / hAya jAti choTI hai to phira sabhI hamAre guNa choTe / jAti vaTI to vaTe baneM, phira lAkha rahe cAhe khoTe / bhAja jahA mastitva, samanvaya aura mamAnatA ke siddhAta rASTrIya

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jainadharma me jAtivAda kA AdhAra 119 maura antarrASTrIya cetanA ko prabhAvita kara rahe haiN| vizva-mAnava kI sukhada parikalpanA kara manuSya-manuSya ke bIca ekatA kA setu sthApita kara rahI hai, vahA lagatA hai sAmpradAyikatA, jAtIyatA, prAntIyatA mAdi dUrI ke vindhyAcala bana kara manuSya-manuSya ke bIca khaDe ho gaye haiM / jAtIyatA kA yakSa mAnava-mana kI dharatI para ghaNA ke viSa-bIja bo rahA hai / lagatA hai| saiddhAtika stara para jAti ko atAtvika mAnane vAlA jaina-samAja bhI jAtivAda kI loha-zRkhalA se mukta nahIM hai / apekSA hai vartamAna ke sadarbha me jana-samAja apane pavitra siddhAto kI smRti karatA huA apane vyavahAro ko parivartita kre| aNuvrata anuzAstA sata zrI tulasI "aNuvrata" ke mAdhyama se isa dizA me varSoM se bhagIratha prayatna kara rahe haiN| aNavrata vicAra darzana ne samAja kI dharatI para ekatA aura samAnatA kI dhArAe pravAhita kI haiM / jAtivAda ke AdhAra para panapI kaca-nIca aura chUA-chUta kI dhAraNAo ko toDA hai / para Ane vAle yuga kI cunautiyo ko dekhate hue jaina samAja ko isa dizA me kAphI prayatna karanA hai| aNavata ke eka vrata kA bhI yadi sakalpita hokara anuzIlana kiyA jAe to jana-samAja kA yaha krAtikArI kadama samagra manuSya jAti ke lie varadAyI siddha ho sakatA hai / vaha vrata hai 'maiM jAti ke AdhAra para kisI ko aspRzya nahI maangaa| maiM jAti ke AdhAra kisI ko Uca-nIca nahI mAnagA, ghRNA nahI phailaauugaa|

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ratnatrayI : jaina sAdhanA kA AdhAra duniyA me sarvotkRSTa vastu ko ratna kahA jAtA hai / paurANika yuga me devo aura dAnavo ne milakara samudra-mathana kiyaa| caudaha ratna nikle| unase devo aura dAnavo ko satuSTa kiyA gyaa| adhyAtma ke yAtriyo ne arhata-vANI ke Aloka me Atma-mathana kiyA, usase unhe tIna ratna mile| una tIna ratno ke AdhAra para prakAza, Ananda tathA zakti ke sroto kI khoja kii| nItikAro ne loka bhApA me kahA-"pRthvI para tIna hI ratna - haiM anna, jala aura subhaassit| ve mUDha haiM, jo patthara ke TukaDo ko ratna kahate bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA-"dharma ke kSetra me tIna hI ratna haiMsamyag jJAna, samyaga-darzana aura samyak-cAritra / ve mUDha haiM, jo vibhinna prakAra ke kriyA-kADo me dukha-mukti ke darzana karate haiN|" pahale prakAra ke ratna laukika haiM aura dUsare prakAra ke lokottara / laukika bAhya samRddhi ke sUcaka haiM / lokottara ratna Atarika samRddhi ke pratIka dharma ke kSetra me do dhArAe pravAhita haiM -pravartaka dharma aura nivartaka dharma / yajJa-yAga pUjA-pATha Adi karma-kADo ko pramukhatA dene vAle dhArmika pravRttimArgI kahalAte haiN| bAharI kriyAkADo me na ulajhakara mAtra Atmopalabdhi yA Atmazuddhi ke lie prayatnazIla dhArmika nivRttimArgI kahalAte haiN| vaidika dharma pravartaka dharma hai| usakA lakSya hai-svarga-prApti / "sva. kAmo yajeta"-svarga prApti kI kAmanA se yajJa kro| jaina dharma nivRttipradhAna hai / usakA lakSya hai-nirvANa / nirvANavAdI dhArA ke puraskartA thebhagavAna mahAvIra-- "NivvANavAdI iha NAyaputte / " nirvANa kA artha hai parama zAnti-mokSa kI prApti / usake upAya haiM-samyak jJAna, samyak darzana aura samyak cAritra / ye mukti ke sarvottama upAya haiM, isalie ratna kahalAte haiN| inakA samanvita nAma hai- rtntryii| jaina-dharma me ratnatrayI kA bahuta bar3A sthAna hai| kyoki jana-dharma lokottara dharma hai / jaina-darzana mokSa-darzana hai / mokSa-prApti kA pahalA sUTa hai-samyak darzana, dUsarA sUtra hai samyak jJAna aura tIsarA sUtra hai samyag-cAritra / yaha tripadI hI mokSa-padI hai|

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ratnatrayI jaina sAdhanA kA AdhAra 121 AcArya umAsvAti likhate haiM "samyaga-darzana-jJAna-cAritrANi mokSa-mArga / " vastuta ratnatrayI kA samavAya hI mokSa-mArga hai| tIno milakara hI mukti ke hetu banate haiM / akele meM mokSa-mArga banane kI kSamatA nahI hai / java jJAna, darzana aura cAritra eka dUsare se nirapekSa hote haiM, Apasa me baTa jAte haiM, to na jJAna samyak rahatA hai, na darzana samyak rahatA hai aura na cAritra samyak rahatA hai / mithyA jJAna, darzana aura AcaraNa vyakti ko mUDha banAte haiM / mokSa kI ArAdhanA me tInoM kA samyak honA aura paraspara sApekSa honA anivArya hai / korA jJAna yA korA AcAra mukti kA hetu nahI bana sakatA / samyaka jJAna, darzana aura cAritraisa triveNI me DubakI lagAne se hI zuddhi aura siddhi upalabdha hotI hai| ___ jana-dharma Atarika zuddhi para vala detA hai / zuddhi kA ghaTaka tattva haiantaryAtrA / ataryAtrA kA artha hai zuddha catanya kA anubhava karanA / caitanya kA svarUpa hai-jJAna, darzana, Ananda aura zakti / inakI ArAdhanA hI caitanya kI ArAdhanA hai / yahI dharma hai| ___ isa ratnatrayo me darzana kA sthAna pahalA hai / yaha mokSa-sAdhanA kA mahattvapUrNa AdhAra hai / AdhAra sudRDha hotA hai to bhavana-nirmANa sahaja aura sthAyI hotA hai / darzana ke sAtha hI jJAna ghaTita hotA hai aura usase cAritra (sva me avasthita hone kA bhAva) jAgRta hotA hai| sakSepa me yahI hai jana sAdhanA paddhati / usakA kendra hai-darzana aura paridhi hai-pavitra AcaraNa / yUnAna ke mahAna dArzanika sukarAta ne dharma kI paribhASA kI-"jJAna hI dharma hai / jJAna se bhinna koI dharma nahIM hai|" tIrthakara mahAvIra ne kahA-"paDhama nANa tao dyaa|" dharma me pahalA sthAna hai jJAna aura zraddhA kA tathA dUsarA sthAna hai ahisA rUpa AcAra kaa| sukarAta ne kahA- vaha jJAna vAstava me jJAna nahIM hotA, jisakA AcaraNa na ho / AcaraNa-zUnya jJAna ayathArtha hai, mithyA dhAraNA hai, bhrAti hai| mahAvIra ne vahA-"Ahasu vijjA caraNa pamokkho"~ jJAna aura AcaraNa ke yoga se hI mokSa sabhava hai| sukarAta ne kahA-zAna yadi yathArtha hai, to usakA AcaraNa avazya hogA / yadhArtha jJAna aura AcaraNa ko alaga nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ima sadarbha me mahAvIra kA eka mUlyavAn zabda hai-parijJA / usakI samagratA hai--paritA-jAnanA aura pratyAkhyAna parimA-sad ko choDanA / ina dono kA yoga hI mokSa-mArga kI paripUrNatA hai| samya-darzana isakA artha hai-pASaM dRSTikoNa / darzana moha ke vilaya se darzana

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122 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat cetanA jAgatI hai / vastu ko yathArtha dRSTi se dekhane-parakhane kI zakti vikasita hotI hai / cetana-acetana, heya-upAdeya, satya-asatya tathA karaNIyaakaraNIya kA spaSTa bodha hone lagatA hai| isI kA nAma hai-samyaga-darzana / samyak darzana kI vyAvahArika paribhASA hai- yathArthadRSTi samyag darzanam - isakA tAtparya hai- tAttvika tathyo aura nau tattvo para asA honA / nizcaya kI bhApA me samyag darzana kA artha hai-AtmA kA nizcaya honaa| "darzana nizcaya pasi" jo AtmadarzI hotA hai vaha samyagdarzI hotA hai aura jo samyagdarzI hotA hai vaha AtmadarzI hotA hai / kucha vyakti dharma ke prati mUDha hote hai, kucha dhyeya ke prati mUDha hote haiM to kucha ArAdhya ke prati bhagavAna ke prati mUDha hote haiM / dRSTi-sampannatA me sabhI prakAra kI mUDhatAe samApta ho jAtI haiM, mUrchA kA valaya TUTa jAtA samyak draSTA kA dhyeya hotA hai-Atma-sAkSAtkAra / usakA dharma hotA hai-Atma-ramaNa aura usakA ArAdhya yA bhagavAna hotA hai-vItarAga aatmaa| samyak dRSTi ke jAgaraNa kI pahacAna hai0 zama-antara Avego kI zAnti 0 savega-mumukSA 0 nirveda-anAsakti 0 anukampA-karuNA 0 Astikya-satyaniSThA / ratnatrayI me samyak darzana kA sthAna pahalA hai, kyoki samyak darzana ke binA jJAna samyak nahI hotA / jahA darzana mithyA hai vahA jJAna bhI ajJAna kahalAtA hai / jahA darzana samyak hai vahA jJAna bhI samyak hai / darzana samyaka vanate hI jJAna samyak bana jAtA hai / "samyaka zraddhA bhavettatra samyaga jJAna prajAyate / samyak cAritra-saprApteryogyatA tatra jAyate // " (saMbodhi 14/8) darzana-vihIna vyakti jJAna ko upalabdha nahIM hotA / jJAna ke binA cAritra-guNa prakaTa nahIM hote / cAritra ke binA nirvANa nahI hotA / samyaka-jJAna "yathArthabodha samyag-jJAnam // " yathArtha bodha ko samyak jJAna kahate haiM / jJAna kA kAma hai jAnanA / para jJAna kA uddezya mAtra padArthoM ko jAnanA hI nahI hai| usakA mUla uddezya hai svaya ko jAnanA / bha0 mahAvIra ne kahA

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ratnatrayI jaina sAdhanA kA AdhAra 122 "sapikkhae appagamappaeNa / " AtmA ke dvArA AtmA ko dekho| mahAtmA buddha ne kahA-"appadIvobhava"-apane dIpa svaya bno| sukarAta ne kahA-'no dI selpha'-apane Apa ko jAno / niSkarSa kI bhASA me svaya phA bodha-"maiM kauna hU~"- yaha jJAna hI samyak jJAna hai| jise svaya kA yathArtha vodha ho jAtA hai, vaha vastu jagat ko bhI sahI-sahI jAnane-samajhane lagatA hai / samyak jJAna kA phalita hai-padArtha ke prati bhI yathArtha dRSTikoNa kA nirmANa / svaya ke bodha ke abhAva me jAgatika jJAna bhI mithyA hai, vyartha hai| "jaya jAnyo nijarUpa ko, taba saba jAnyo loka / nahIM jAnyo nijarUpa ko, taba saba jAnpo phoka / " jJAna jaDa aura cetana kA vibhAjaka tattva hai / pratyeka prANI meM jJAna kI mAtrA kA nyUnatama vikAsa avazya hotA hai / isake vinA jaDa aura cetana me koI antara nahI rahatA / jJAna kI nyUnAdhikatA kSayopazama sApekSa hai / jJAna aura darzana ke AvAraka karmoM ke sampUrNa vilaya se ananta jJAna aura ananta darzana kI akhaDa lo prajvalita ho uThatI hai / samyak-cAritra "mahAvatAdInAmAcaraNa samyak cAritram / " mahAvata Adi kA AcaraNa karanA samyak cAritra hai / nANassa sAro AyAro-jJAna kA sAra AcAra hai / cAritra aura AcAra-ina dono kA martha eka hI hai / samyak cAritra kA eka artha hai-pavitra AcaraNa / dUsarA artha hai -caya rittI karaNa cAriyam-~sacita sasvAro ke recana kA nAma cAritra hai| nizcaya naya ke AdhAra para cAritra kI paribhASA hai-"sthitira va cAriNam"-- AtmA me sthita avasthita honA cAritra hai| mahAvata, aNavrata, asatpravRtti kA nirodha - ye saba cAritra ke hI aga haiM / jJAna kI ArAdhanA se ajJAna kSINa hotA hai / darzana kI ArAdhanA se AsthA kA nirmANa hotA hai, janma-paramparA kA ata hotA hai, mokSa-mArga prazasta hotA hai / cAripa vI jAgadhanA se sthiratA upalabdha hotI hai, karmoM kA nirodha hotA hai svaniyantraNa kI kSamatA jAgatI hai| isakI paripUrNa sAdhanA se paramAtmatanya prakaTa hotA hai| isa prayI vI garAdhanA hI AtmA kI ArAdhanA hai / yahI dharma hai| jitane bhI ahaMta, vuddha jora paramaprajJA-prApta mAdhaka hue hai, unhoMne dharma-cinna me kisI na cinI rUpa se isa prayo ko svIkRti dI hai| hindU dharma me ise sAna yoga, bhakti yoga aura karma yoga ke rUpa meM pratiSThA prApta hai / inhI tattvo ko isla ma dharma me "mAraphta, tarIkata aura zarIata" kahA gayA hai|

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124 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat mahAtmA buddha inhe-sammAdiTThI, sammAsa kappo aura sammAvAyAmo kahate haiM to pArasI dharma bhI humatA (pavitra vicAra), hukkA (pavitra vANI) aura harSatA (pavitra karma) para bala detA hai| __ bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA-java dRSTi samyak hotI hai, jJAna sahI hotA hai aura AcaraNa pavitra hotA hai to dharma bar3hatA hai| anyathA dharma ghaTatA Ananda ne tathAgata buddha se pUchA-bhate ! Apake nirvANa ke bAda Apake zarIra kA kyA kiyA jAe ? buddha ne kahA-Ananda / isameM sira mata khpaao| maiMne jo sAdhanA-dharma diyA hai, usakA abhyAsa kro| mere isa zarIra ko mata dekho| dharma zarIra ko dekho| jo mere dharma zarIra ko dekhatA hai, vaha mujhe dekhatA hai, aura jo mujhe dekhatA hai vaha mere dharma zarIra ko dekhatA bhagavAn mahAvIra ne gautama se kahA- "gautama | satya kI zodha me pramAda mata kara / mere se sneha mata kara / samyaka jJAna, darzana aura cAritra kI ArAdhanA kara mukta bana / " yaha ratnatrayI jitanI puSTa-sazakta hogI, dharma utanA hI zaktizAlI bnegaa|

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jaina jIvana praNAlI (1) jaina gRhastha kI AcAra-sahitA sukha prApti aura dukha-mukti kI dizA meM pratyeka cetanazIla prANI prayatna karatA hai / manuSya vikasita cetanA vAlA prANI hai| usakI bauddhika kSamatA aura zArIrika kSamatA vejoha hai / vaha nitya nae AviSkAroM tathA prayogo dvArA aise sasAdhano ko prApta karane meM juTA hai, jo use adhika se adhika sukha de sake, ArAma de ske| isa pariprekSya me aneka dArzanika vicAra sAmane Ae / sampUrNa suna-bhoga kA hetu kyA hai ? isake uttara meM DAvina ne kahA-astitva kI surakSA ke lie satata saMgharSazIla bane rahanA hI sukha kA AdhAra-bhUta tattva hai| isI prakAra phrAyaDa ne kAma ko, mAsaM ne artha ko aura nItse ne sattA ko sukha kA AdhAra mAnA / _ina mahAn vicArako ne apane vicAra-darzana ko itane prabhAvI Dhaga se prastuta kiyA ki vaiyaktika aura jAgatika stara para manuSya-samAja kI sArI avadhAraNAe badala gii| isa sukhavAdI vicAradhArA ke mAghAra para aneka prakAra kI jIvana-praNAliyA vikasita huii| isa sandarbha meM jana-darzana naI dizA pradAna karatA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA - sukha kA AdhAra hai adhyAtma / sagharSazIlatA, kAmanA, artha aura sattA -ye samagra zaktiyA dharma se niyamita banakara hI mAnava-jAti ke lie varadAna bana sakatI haiN| dukhamukti aura sukha-samRddhi kI paudha adhyAtma ke Thosa dharAtala para hI sabhava hai| adhyAtma kI bhUmikA para isa jIvana-zailI ko hama 'jaina jIvana-praNAlo' kaha sakate haiN| usake AdhArabhUta tattva haiM-sayama aura sdaacaar| mahAvIra ne kahA asayama parityajya, sayamastena sevyatAm / asayamo mahad dukha, sayama sukhamuttamama // sabodhi 14143 masayama dukha hai sayama sukha hai, isalie asayama ko tyAgo aura sayama kA AcaraNa paro / gastha ho yA manyAsI ~ saba mukta ho sakate haiM, yadi ve anuttana sayama kA pAlana karate ho / manyAmI mayama ke zikhara para sthira hotA hai umapI pratyeka pravatti adhyAtma se anuprANita hotI hai, kintu eka gRhasya / lie bhI sayama kA bahuta bar3A mUnya hai / sayama ke dvArA jIvana mUlyavAn vana

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126 jainadharma : jIvana aura jagat jAtA hai / sayama hI dharma hai, sayama hI adhyAtma hai / vyakti kisI bhI kAryakSetra, paristhiti, sampradAya aura pariveza meM rahatA huA dharma kI sAdhanA kara sakatA hai / isa kSetra meM kisI bhI prakAra kI pratibaddhatA nahIM hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne munijano ke lie AcAra-sahitA kA nirdhAraNa kiyA to sadgRhastho ke lie bhI eka unnata jIvana-praNAlI prastuta kI, usakI vyavasthita vidhi btaaii| dharma ke kSetra me yaha jaina-dharma kI sarvathA maulika aura adbhuta dena hai| gRhastha sAdhaka kI AcAra-sahitA aura usakA sAdhanA-krama, jaina-paramparA me jitanA sundara aura vyavasthita milatA hai, utanA anyatra durlabha hai| jaina-dharma me muni ke lie pAca mahAvrato tathA gRhastha sAdhaka ke lie pAca aNuvrato ke pAlana kA vidhAna hai| mahAvatAtmako dharmo'nagArANA ca jAyate / aNuvratAtmako dharmo, jAyate gRhamedhinAm saMbodhi // 14/40 aNuvrata aNuvrata kA artha hai-choTe-choTe vrata yA yathAzakti gRhIta vrata / aNuvrata pAca haiM 1. ahiMsA-aNuvrata-sthUla hiMsA kA parityAga / gRhastha ke lie ArambhajA- kRSi, vANijya Adi me hone vAlI hiMsA se bacanA kaThina hotA hai| usa para kUTamba, samAja aura rAjya kA dAyitva hotA hai, isalie sAparAdha yA virodhI hiMsA se bacanA bhI usake lie kaThina hotA hai / gRhasthI ko calAne ke lie use vadha-bandhana Adi kA sahArA bhI lenA paDatA hai, isalie sApekSa hiMsA se bhI vaha nahIM baca sktaa| vaha pArivArika, sAmAjika dAyitvo ko vahana karate hue kevala sakalpapUrvaka niraparAdha prANiyo kI nirapekSa hiMsA se bacatA hai, yahI usakA ahiMsA yaNuvrata hai| 2 satya-aNuvrata- sthUla asatya kA parityAga / gRhastha ke lie sapUrNa asatya ko tyAganA kaThina hai, kintu vaha aise asatya kA sahArA na le jisase kisI nirdoSa prANI ko sakaTagrasta honA pdd'e| 3. asteya-aNuvrata-gRhastha ke lie choTI-vaDI sabhI prakAra kI corI me bavanA kaThina hai, parantu vaha kama se kama aisI corI na kare, jisase rAjya daNDa de aura loka niMdA kare / DAkA DAlanA, tAlA toDakara corI karanA, vaiyaktika yA sarakArI sapatti ko lUTanA--ye saba sadgRhastha ke lie varjanIya

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jaina gRhastha kI AvAra-sahitA 127 4 brahmacarya-aNuvrata--gRhastha ke lie pUrNa brahmacArI rahanA kaThina hai, para eka sImA taka vAsanA para niyantraNa sthApita karanA bhI Avazyaka hai| parastrI-gamana, vezyAgamana Adi avAchanIya pravRttiyA haiN| sadgRhastha unase cace aura svadAra-satopa vrata kA pAlana kre| vartamAna ke sadarbha me jahA~ 'eDsa' jaisA ghAtaka roga eka vibhIpikA paidA kara rahA hai, brahmacarya aNuvrata yA mUlya var3ha gayA hai| 5 aparigraha aNavata-gRhastha sarvathA parigraha kA tyAga nahIM kara sakatA, para icchAo ke asImita vistAra kA niyamana kara vaha parigraha kI sImA kara sakatA hai / ati saMgraha kI manovRtti sAmAjika viSamatA ko janma detI hai, ata aparigraha aNuna ta sAmAjika svasthatA ke lie bhI jarUrI guNavata jo vrata gRhastha kI vAhya-caryA ko sayamita karate haiM, unhe guNavrata kahA jAtA hai / ve tIna haiM1 digvirati-pUrva, pazcima Adi dizAo me gamanAgamana kI sImA kA nirdhAraNa / 2. upamoga parimoga-parimANa vrata-vyaktigata bhoga-sAmagrI kA parimANa krnaa| 3. anarva-daNDa virati-vinA prayojana himA kA tyAga karanA / ye tIno vrata aNuvrata bhAvanA ko puSTa karate haiM isalie bhI ye guNavrata kahalAte haiN| zikSAvata jo prata abhyAsa-sAdhya hote haiM aura Atarika pavitratA baDhAte haiM, unhe zikSAgrata kahA jAtA hai / ve cAra haiM1 sAmAyipha-asatpravRtti se virata hokara samatA kA abhyAsa krnaa| 2 dezAvakAziphayata-eka nizcita avadhi ke lie vidhipUrvaka hiMsA kA tyAga karanA / 3 pauSadha-upavAsapUrvaka asatpravRtti kA tyAga karanA / 4 atithi-sa vibhAga-apanA visajana kara pAya ko dAna denaa| ina vrato kA pAlana karane vAlA jana dhAvaka yA upAsaka kahalAtA hai / ye na zAMta, supI, mamamI aura sAtvika jIvana ke preraka haiN| bhAratIya saMskRti meM mAdhu-sasthA ko atirikta pratiSThA hai / use kacI nigAho se dekhA jAtA hai / sato ke prati janatA me sahaja pUjya bhAva hai| isa

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128 jainadarzana : jIvana aura jagat sadarbha me ye svara bhI ubhare ki mokSa kA adhikArI sanyAsI hI ho sakatA hai / gRhastha mukti kA adhikArI nahI hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne bhI kahA - "badhe gihavAse, mokkhe pariyAye" gRhavAsa bandhana hai, paryAya -- muni-jIvana mokSa hai / kyoki "sovakke se gihavAse, niruvakkese pariyAye" gRhavAsa saklezo se bharA hai, paryAya kleza-rahita hai| para isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki gRhastha mokSa prApta kara hI nahIM sktaa| jaina dharma ke pravaktA AcAryoM ne kahA nyAyAjitadhana stattvajJAnaniSTho'tithipriya / __ zAstravit satyavAdI ca gRhastho'pi vimucyate / / jisake arthArjana ke srota zuddha ho, jisakI tattvajJAna me niSThA ho, tyAgI sAdhu-santo ke prati anurAga ho, jo dharma-zAstro kA jJAtA ho aura satyavAdI ho, vaha vyakti gRhastha me rahatA huA bhI mukta ho sakatA hai| jaina-zrAvaka ke lie nirdiSTa ukta bAraha vrata nizcita hI vyavahArazuddhi ke popaka haiN| iname nIti, prAmANikatA, sayama sadAcAra aura sAtvikatA kI pradhAnatA hai| ina vrato ke pAlana se jo tathya phalita hote haiM, uname Adarza samAja ke nirmANa kI parikalpanA nihita hai / vrato ke phalita1 ahiMsA aNuvrata ke phalita - ahiMsA kA sAdhaka kisI ke sAtha krUra vyavahAra nahIM krtaa| adhInastha vyakti ke zrama aura zakti kA zoSaNa nahIM karatA, usake bhaktapAna kA viccheda nahI karatA / kisI kI durbalatA kA anucita lAbha nahIM utthaataa| 2. satya aNavata ke phalita -satya kA mAdhaka kisI kA marma-prakAzana nahI karatA / jhUThe dastAveja yA lekha nahI likhatA / kisI para jhUThA Aropa nahI lgaataa| 3. acaurya aNuvrata ke phalita - asteya kA sAdhaka corI kA mAla nahI letaa| rASTrIya hito kA virodhI vyApAra nahIM krtaa| 4. brahmacarya aNuvrata ke phalita-brahmacarya kA sAdhaka yathAzakti grahmacarya kA pAlana karatA hai, idriya-vijaya aura mano-vijaya kA abhyAsa karatA hai|

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nana gRhastha kI AcAra-sahitA 129 5. aparigraha kA phalita -aparigraha kA sAdhaka ati sAha nahI karatA, anAvazyaka sagraha nahIM karatA, zoSaNa nahI karatA, kisI ke adhikArI kA hanana nahI krtaa| gahamyo ke raya ke do pahie haiM -hiMsA aura parigraha / gRhastha sAdhaka iname sarvathA uparata nahIM ho sktaa| phira bhI inakI gati aniyantrita aura nirakuza na ho, isa dRSTi se bhagavAn mahAvIra ne ye do sUtra die 1. anartha hiMsA se bacAva / 2 icchAo kA alpIkaraNa / ye sUtra jaina jIvana-praNAlI ke rUpa meM vikasita hue / yaha eka sadgRhastha kI pahacAna bana gii| jaise mahAtmA gAdhI ne ati sagraha yA pUjIvAda me utpanna samasyAo ke samAdhAna hetu vikendrita arthamyavasthA kA sUtra diyA dRsTIzipa kI naI dRSTi dI vaise hI bhagavAn mahAvIra ne upabhoga-paribhoga-virati prata aura icchA parimANa vrata ke mAdhyama se vyaktigata bhoga-sAmagrI ke sayama kI tathA icchA-sayama kI preraNA dI, ye sAmAjika parivartana eva Arthika sroto kI zuddhi kI dRSTi se bahuta hI mUlyavAna haiN| eka pAvaka na kevala AdhyAtmika hotA hai aura na kevala sAmAjika / yaha donoM bhUmikAo me sAmajasya sthApita kara calatA hai| dvividho gahiNAM dharmo Atmiko lokiphastayA / sabaro nijarA pUrva samAjAmimato prH|| gRhastha dharma do prakAra kA hai-~-Atmika aura laukika / Atmika dharma hai savara aura nirjarA / samAja dvArA abhimata dharma laukika kahA jAtA Atmika dharma kA uddezya hai-Atmazuddhi / vaha mahato dvArA pratipAdita lopika dharma kA uddezya hai samAja kI suvyvsthaa| usakA pravartana samAja-zAstriyo dvArA hotA hai| phira bhI adhyAtma sAmAjikatA kA virodhI nahI hai / yaha ume svasthatA pradAna karatA hai / ina prano kA uddazya hai - vyakti para-parivAra meM rahatA hA bhI dheTha dhAmira jIvana jI sare tathA una kSamatAo kA bajana kara sake, jisase adhyAtma pIkacAI ko A ga mare / svamya aura saMtulita samAja pI saracanA meM bhI na prano yI bhUmikA mahanvapUrNa hai| himA, sagraha aura bhoga po ani nAmAjiva dipamatA aura zAMti vo janma detI hai / ukta vratoM kI bhApanA me na lipa mamamyAo kA samAdhAna nihita hai|

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jainadharmaM jIvana aura jagat ina vrata kA AdhAra korA siddhAntavAda yA AdarzavAda nahI hai, apitu ye vyavahAra kI urvarA me pallavita hue haiM / ye sAmAjika jIvana kI uccatA aura vaiyaktika pavitratA kA sthira AdhAra prastuta karate haiM / Atarika pavitratA ke sAtha vyavahAra-zuddhi bhI ina vrato se phalita hotI hai / dhyAna zataka me likhA hai - " tamhA ArAhae duve loe" dhArmika vyakti dharma ke dvArA vartamAna jIvana aura bhAvI jIvana dono kI ArAdhanA karatA hai / dharma kA pAralaukika phala hai - svarga yA mokSa tathA ihalaukika phala hai-- kaSAya mukti, vyavahAra-zuddhi / jaina jIvana - praNAlI kA phalita hai-- jaina zrAvaka dharma kI ArAdhanA karatA huA, pArivArika, sAmAjika aura rAjanaitika jimmedAriyo se vimukha nahI ho sakatA, para una bhUmikAo kI zuddhi ke sAtha Atmahita kI surakSA karanA vaha apanA parama karttavya mAnatA hai / vaha apanI antazcetanA se itanA juDa jAtA hai ki bAhara se lipta nahI hotA / vyavahAra me jItA huA bhI vaha apane kendra cetanA ko vismRta nahI karatA / 130

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.. padA 4 - - - - - - ke ana huga kA hathiyAra hai jisake nirmAtA bhI pragati sazI kAryoM para lAbhaprada FESEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEET 5. mA . rasata jA NE-over- nI se "jAti nAzaka" vidhi krama sAmAnya vyavahAra kA rUpa lete tra ke zikAra ho sakate hai| phala- jA rahe hai| sAmUhika rUpa se parva- lekina pahale hA, jaativinaashk| yaha eka prada u . pazcima vyApAra ko, isI prakAra, dastAveja kA e Dhaga kA hathiyAra hai jisake lekina pahAraka aura adhika protsAhana milA hai| me liyA jAnA re meM adhyayana-anusandhAna cala astra ke rUpa ma mA-kayA jA sUcanA ke aura adhika acche Dhaga zyaka banAte hai hai| Apake priya vyajana me sakatA hai| se vinimaya ke lie helasikI me kabhI nahI bhara __ masAle. paDate hai, unhI kI nikolAI obotova taya kiye gaye kadamo ke kAryAnvayana gaNa ko abhI da se jAtisahAraka astra AnuvaMzika astra meM bhI pragati huI hai| sthAyI zA, nApakA patA kara legA aura ApakA me lAkho adazya kArataso kI pazcimI samAcArapatro kI. soviyata saMgha sazI ke sAtha una mAnava mani 2phAyA kara degaa| yahA hamArA taraha vidhatI jAtI hai aura yA to savaro se patA calatA hai ki / vizvAsa-nirmANa sambandhI kAryo para kopara pakSa meM rhii| abhiprAya vividha jAtIya samUho loga mara jAte hai yA kama se tathAkathita AnavazikAstro ke amala kara rahA hai jinakI antima lAbhaprada . 1 ke logo kA patA karane aura vikAsa ke lie bhI anusadhAna kama unakA vadhyakaraNa avazya ho dastAveja meM vyavasthA hai| zAnti tathA sanika tanAva-zathilya kA mArga sadRDhIkaraNa aura unakA saphAyA karane ke lie jAtA hai, lekina imArata, pula, kArya cala rahA hai| isake prayoga prazasta karane ke bAre me soviyata ke anaupacArika vizeSa rAsAyanika, jIvika yA saDake Adi jyo kI tyo sAvata se patakatA kI yatrAvadhi chinnanya dravyo ke istamAla meM hai| sagha kA rukha madhya yUropa me sazastra kSepa ke . . banI rahatI hai| yadadha sAmagriyo bhinna ho jaaygii| manuSya ka vizeSajJo kI rAya hai ki ke pazcimI nirmAtA nyaTana bama pitryasUtro yA jIna ko prabhAvita sanAo tathA zastrAstro me kaTAtI zabdo me, aise 'jAtisahAraka" astra logo ke kI "zreSThatA" aura "sambhAva- karake, jo paitRkatA yA Anavazi ke bAre meM Thosa samajhautA karane kI helasikI samama khAnapAna aura pahanAve' yA dono nAmao" para laTTU ho rahe hai aura katA ke vAhaka aura mAnava jIvI kI usakI tatparatA se utpanna hotA hai| pUrI taraha ke bIca ke antara kA AsAnI se yaha mAnate hai ki dhvasakArI astro prakriyAo ke mukhya niyAmaka hai, nakArAtmaka prabhAva sagha antima "viveka" kara sakatA hai aura ke bhaNDAra me yaha eka nayA yoga ke bhaNDAra meM yaha eka nayA yoga- zarIra ko dekhane, sanana, calane- - dUsarI tarapha yaha svIkAra kiyA ko kAryAnvita canindA logo kA saphAyA kara dAna hai| phirane aura hilane-Dulane, sAsa saktA hai| yaha cayana zakti rakta lekina sasAra ke aneka deza lene, socane-vicArane Adi kI samUho, tvacA ke ragadravya Adi dUsarI hI taraha socate hai| unakA kisI bhI jIvanta kriyA ko asta hamArA AgAmI a viziSTatAmo para AdhArita hai| vizvAsa hai ki nyUTana bama ke vyasta kiyA jA sakatA hai| dUsare C * bhAratIya svatanatA ko 30vii-jyntii|| nirmANa se nAbhikIya yuddha kA zabdo me, manuSya ko yatramAnava jyUTana bama khatarA bar3ha jaayegaa| masalana, me badalA jA sakatA hai| * zAnti, maMtrI aura sahayoga ko sandhi kI 6 abhI nada vaSoM pahale taka . bhArata ke videza matrI aTala vijJAna aura pravidhi ke una bihArI vAjapeyI ne hAla me sasada kSetro kI yaha eka adhUrI sUcI hai manAne ke lie yuvaka darpaNa, aka 32 dama kA vikAsa kara sakanA tti ko kSati pahucAye ma __ me kahA ki bhArata sarakAra nyUTrana jinake vikAsa se nikaTa bhaviSya maka ke rUpa meM prakAzita kregaa| isa sayukta nara mahAra kara sakatA ho. bama ke nirmANa kI joradAra bhartsanA meM hI sAmUhika vinAza ke sarvathA , - duniyA kI, karatI hai| naye prakAra ke astra aura unakI * bhArata-soviyata sahayoga ke vibhinna gotra. praNAliyA taiyAra kI jA sakatI .......ii bAta thii| saMhArakAdhvani, prakAza sArasI _janaka dilacaspa lavA... .........

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jaina jIvana-praNAlI (2) jaina muni kI AcAra-saMhitA bhAratIya saMskRti aura saMnyAsa vizva me tIna saMskRtiyA prabhAvazAlI mAnI jAtI haiM1 yUnAnI saMskRti, 2 bhAratIya saMskRti aura 3 cInI saskRti / pahalI samAja pradhAna, dUsarI vyakti pradhAna aura tIsarI parivAra pradhAna saMskRti rahI hai / sanyAsa kA prAdurbhAva vyakti pradhAna saskRti se huaa| yaha bhAratIya saMskRti kA mahAn avadAna hai| bhAratIya saMskRti kI mukhya tIna dhArAe haiM- vaidika, vauddha aura jain| jaina sAhitya me vyaktivAdI svara adhika mukhara hue / jaise ki sukha aura dukha apanA-apanA hai / karmoM kA kartA aura unakA phala-bhoktA vyakti svaya hai| apane kRta karmoM kA phala vyakti svaya bhogatA hai| phala bhoga me kisI kI sAjhedArI yA bhAgIdArI nahIM cltii| ina adhyAtma-sUtro se prerita ho hajAroM-hajAro vyakti Atmahita kI sAdhanA me salagna ho ge| yahI hai sanyAsa-paramparA ke sUtrapAta kI Adi kahAnI / vaise bhAratIya saMskRti kI tInoM hI dhArAo me sanyAsa kI paraparA rahI hai| jaino meM sanyAsa-dIkSA jIvana-paryanta hotI hai, bauddho me sAvadhika hotI hai| vaidiko meM prArambha se dIkSA (sanyAsa) kI svIkRti nahIM thii| yaha jaina dharma kA hI prabhAva mAnanA cAhie ki vaidika paramparA meM bhI sanyAsa ko mAnyatA milii| vartamAna me tIno hI paramparA ke sAdhu-sanyAsI hajAro kI sakhyA meM parivrajana karate haiN| una sabakI apanI-apanI AcAra-sahitA hai| apanI-apanI vidhiyA haiN| jaina-muniyo kI ahiMsA aura aparigraha pradhAna mAcAra-sahitA tathA tyAga-vairAgya mulaka caryA sadA se hI loka-cetanA ko prabhAvita karatI rahI jaina muni ke lie nigrantha, samaNa, zramaNa, bhikSu, anagAra Adi zabdo kA praroga upalabdha hotA hai, jo vizeSa jayoM kA savAhaka hai| nigraMnya unakI akiMcanatA kA, samaNa samatA kA, zramaNa-zramazIlatA aura tapasvitA kA, ninu nikSAgovitA kA tathA anagAra-nirmuktatA kA pratIka hai / jaina mu / ko paryA meM utkRSTa ni sagatA ke darzana hote haiN| ve sambandhAtIta na

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jaina jIvana-praNAlI (2) jaina muni kI AcAra-saMhitA bhAratIya saMskRti aura saMnyAsa vizva me tIna saskRtiyAM prabhAvazAlI mAnI jAtI haiM1 yUnAnI saskRti, 2 bhAratIya saMskRti aura 3 cInI saskRti / pahalI samAja pradhAna, dUsarI vyakti pradhAna aura tIsarI parivAra pradhAna saMskRti rahI hai / sanyAsa kA prAdurbhAva vyakti pradhAna saskRti se huaa| yaha bhAratIya saMskRti kA mahAn avadAna hai| bhAratIya saMskRti kI mukhya tIna dhArAe haiM- vaidika, vauddha aura jain| jaina sAhitya me vyaktivAdI svara adhika mupara hue| jaise ki sukha aura dukha apanA-apanA hai| karmoM kA kartA mora unakA phala-bhoktA vyakti svaya hai| apane kRta karmoM kA phala vyakti svaya bhogatA hai| phala bhoga me kisI kI sAjhedArI yA bhAgIdArI nahIM cltii| ina adhyAtma-sUtro se prerita ho hajAro-hajAro vyakti Atmahita kI sAdhanA meM salagna ho ge| yahI hai sanyAsa-paramparA ke sUtrapAta kI Adi kahAnI / vase bhAratIya saMskRti kI tInoM hI dhArAo me sanyAsa kI paraparA rahI hai| jaino me sanyAsa-dIkSA jIvana-paryanta hotI hai, bauddho me sAvadhika hotI hai / vaidiko me prArambha se dIkSA (sanyAsa) kI svIkRti nahIM thii| yaha jaina dharma kA hI prabhAva mAnanA cAhie ki vaidika paramparA meM bhI sanyAsa ko mAnyatA milii| vartamAna meM tIno hI paramparA ke sAdhu-sanyAsI hajAro kI sarayA me pariprajana karate haiN| una sabakI apanI-apanI AcAra-sAhitA hai / apanI-apanI vidhiyA haiN| jaina-muniyo kI ahiMsA aura aparigraha pradhAna AcAra-sahitA tayA tyAga-parAgya mulaka caryA sadA se hI lora-petanA ko prabhAvita karatI rahI / muni ke lie ni nya, samaga, zramaNa, bhikSa, janagAra Adi zabdA loga upalabdha hotA hai, jo piro jayoM kA navAhaka hai| nigraMpa unakI mAra IT IT kA, namaNa samatA , bhramaNa-dhamanIlatA aura tapasvinA kA, bhi. bhisAmapitA nA tathA janagAra-nirmatatA kA pratIka hai| nana niyoM to ra Ta ni sAtA ke darzana hote haiN| ve namanzAtIta cetanA ke

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130 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat * ina vrata kA AdhAra korA siddhAntavAda yA AdarzavAda nahI hai, apitu ye vyavahAra kI urvarA me pallavita hue haiM / ye sAmAjika jIvana kI uccatA aura vaiyaktika pavitratA kA sthira AdhAra prastuta karate haiM / Atarika pavitratA ke sAtha vyavahAra-zuddhi bhI ina vrato se phalita hotI hai / dhyAna zataka me likhA hai - " tamhA ArAhae duve loe" dhArmika vyakti dharma ke dvArA vartamAna jIvana ora bhAvI jIvana dono kI ArAdhanA karatA hai / dharma kA pAralaukika phala hai- svarga yA mokSa tathA ihalaukika phala hai - kaSAya- mukti, vyavahAra-zuddhi | jaina jIvana - praNAlI kA phalita hai -- jaina zrAvaka dharma kI ArAdhanA karatA huA, pArivArika, sAmAjika aura rAjanaitika jimmedAriyo se vimukha nahI ho sakatA, para una bhUmikAo kI zuddhi ke sAtha Atmahita kI surakSA karanA vaha apanA parama karttavya mAnatA hai / vaha apanI antazcetanA se itanA juDa jAtA hai ki bAhara se lipta nahI hotA / vyavahAra me jItA huA bhI vaha apane kendra cetanA ko vismRta nahI karatA /

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bana jAMcana-pragAnI ( jaina mani kI AcAra-sahitA bhAratIya mani aura sanyAsa FE: HTTET pAnA . nAta bhAra aura 3 mA gaa| thA, afirm inriyAra ..na .. prAma-th all ift: / - mA 14 { / nA ... 4 dIporA sArA - 114 114 aura 11-451 ' / / / talk . {11. 1, 4 4 1 { { - 11 mA / {11 41 ... . rasa Eural 4101- -ft. ." (14) . .11 1 IIPI . . . ! 11. I 41 all 4 1 14 : 41 . 4} .. ...... . / / 5 / / . 1 | ...! . . ! ... / / / / . / . . . . . . . . . i.

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130 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat ina vrato kA AdhAra korA siddhAntavAda yA AdarzavAda nahI hai, apitu ye vyavahAra kI urvarA me pallavita hue haiN| ye sAmAjika jIvana kI uccatA aura vaiyaktika pavitratA kA sthira AdhAra prastuta karate haiM / Atarika pavitratA ke sAtha vyavahAra-zuddhi bhI ina vrato se phalita hotI hai| dhyAna zataka me likhA hai-"tamhA ArAhae duve loe" dhArmika vyakti dharma ke dvArA vartamAna jIvana aura bhAvI jIvana dono kI ArAdhanA karatA hai| dharma kA pAralaukika phala hai-svarga yA mokSa tathA ihalaukika phala hai-kaSAya-mukti, vyavahAra-zuddhi / jaina jIvana-praNAlI kA phalita hai-jaina zrAvaka dharma kI ArAdhanA karatA huA, pArivArika, sAmAjika aura rAjanaitika jimmedAriyo se vimukha nahI ho sakatA, para una bhUmikAo kI zuddhi ke sAtha Atmahita kI surakSA karanA vaha apanA parama kartavya mAnatA hai| vaha apanI antazcetanA se itanA juDa jAtA hai ki bAhara se lipta nahI hotA / vyavahAra me jItA huA bhI vaha apane kendra cetanA ko vismRta nahIM krtaa|

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jaina jIvana-praNAlI (2) jaina muni kI AcAra-saMhitA bhAratIya saMskRti aura saMnyAsa vizva me tIna saskRtiyA prabhAvazAlI mAnI jAtI haiM1 yUnAnI saMskRti, 2 bhAratIya saMskRti aura 3 cInI saskRti / / pahalI samAja pradhAna, dUsarI vyakti pradhAna aura tIsarI parivAra pradhAna saMskRti rahI hai| sanyAsa kA prAdurbhAva vyakti pradhAna saskRti se huaa| yaha bhAratIya saMskRti kA mahAn avadAna hai| bhAratIya saMskRti kI mukhya tIna dhArAe haiM-vaidika, bauddha aura jaina / jaina sAhitya me vyaktivAdI svara adhika mukhara hue| jaise ki sukha aura dukha apanA-apanA hai| karmoM kA kartA aura unakA phala-bhoktA vyakti svaya hai| apane kRta karmoM kA phala vyakti svaya bhogatA hai| phala bhoga me kisI kI sAjhedArI yA bhAgIdArI nahIM calatI / ina adhyAtma-sUtro se prerita ho hajAro-hajAro vyakti Atmahita kI sAdhanA me salagna ho ge| yahI hai sanyAsa-paramparA ke sUtrapAta kI Adi kahAnI / vaise bhAratIya saskRti kI tIno hI dhArAo me sanyAsa kI paraparA rahI hai| jaino me sanyAsa-dIkSA jIvana-paryanta hotI hai, bauddho me sAvadhika hotI hai| vaidikoM me prArambha se dIkSA (sanyAsa) kI svIkRti nahI thii| yaha jaina dharma kA hI prabhAva mAnanA cAhie ki vaidika paramparA me bhI sanyAsa ko mAnyatA milii| vartamAna me tIno hI paramparA ke sAdhu-sanyAsI hajAro kI sakhyA meM parivrajana karate haiN| una sabakI apanI-apanI AcAra-sahitA hai| apanI-apanI vidhiyA haiN| jaina-muniyo kI ahiMsA aura aparigraha pradhAna AcAra-sahitA tathA tyAga-vairAgya mUlaka caryA sadA se hI loka-cetanA ko prabhAvita karatI rahI jaina muni ke lie nirgrantha, samaNa, zramaNa, bhikSu, anagAra Adi zabdo kA prayoga upalabdha hotA hai, jo vizeSa arthoM kA savAhaka hai| nirgrantha unakI akiMcanatA kA, samaNa samatA kA, zramaNa-zramazIlatA aura tapasvitA kA, bhikSu bhikSAjIvitA kA tathA anagAra-nirmuktatA kA pratIka hai / jaina muniyo ko caryA meM utkRSTa ni sagatA ke darzana hote haiN| ve sambandhAtIta cetanA ke .

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132 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat jAgaraNa dvArA anekatA meM ekatA ke jIvanta udAharaNa haiM / vastuta jina rAgAtmaka sambandho ke AdhAra para parivAra yA samAja kA nirmANa hotA hai, una sambandho kA viccheda hI sanyAsa yA dIkSA hai| yaha vyakti-pradhAna saskRti kI parAkASThA hai| dharma vyaktigata tattva hai, para usakI sAdhanA se samUha prabhAvita hotA hai, sAmUhika cetanA jAgatI hai, isalie vaha samUhagata bhI hotA haiM / teIsaveM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha ne pahalI bAra dharma-sAdhanA ko sAmUhika rUpa diyA / zramaNa-sagha kI sthApanA kii| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne usakA udAttIkaraNa kiyaa| isI kA pariNAma hai ki Aja bhI jaina muni baDe-baDe sagho me rahate hue Atma-sAdhanA ke patha para nirbAdha Age bar3ha rahe haiN| jaina muni kA AcAra ___eka bAra kisI nagara ke udyAna me mahAn jJAnI adhyAtma dRSTisampanna, sayama aura tapa me lIna, ahata-pravacana ke mamajJa pratApI janAcArya kA Agamana huaa| tatkAlIna rAjA, rAjyamatrI, brAhmaNa-vidvAn, kSatriya varga Adi hajAro zrotAo ne unakA dharma-pravacana sunaa| unakI jijJAsA jaagii| pravacana ke uparAta unhone pUchA-bhante ! hama jaina muni ke AcAra ke viSaya me vistAra se jAnanA cAhate haiN| Apako kaSTa na ho to batAne kA anugraha kreN| AcArya ne unakI jijJAsA ko samAhita karate hue kahA-mokSArthI nirgantho kA AcAra bahuta kaThora hai, duzcIrNa hai| isa prakAra kA atyanta duSkara AcAra nirgrantha-darzana ke sivAya kahI nahI milatA / jaina AcAra-zAstra ke maulika niyama bAlaka, yuvA, vRddha, svastha, asvastha sabhI zramaNo ke lie samAna rUpa se lAgU hote haiM, unhe unakA akhaDa pAlana karanA hotA hai / muni kA artha hai jJAnI / jJAna kA sAra hai AcAra / AcAra kA pahalA sopAna hai-samasta prANiyo ke prati AtmatulA kI dRSTi, Atmatva kI anubhUti / AcAra kA antima lakSya hai -Atma-svarUpa me avasthita honA, samasta karmoM se mukta ho AtmA ke caitanya svarUpa me ramaNa karanA, mokSa ko prApta krnaa| inakI siddhi ke lie ve pAca mahAnatAtmaka AcAra ko svIkAra karate haiN|' pAMca mahAvata 1 ahiMsA mahAvrata-mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika ahiMsA kA pAlana karanA / ahiMsA kA phalita hai-samatA aura maitrii| ahiMsA kA sIdhA artha hai saba prANiyo ke prati sayama / jIva-jantu, pazu-pakSI aura mAnava kI 1 dasaveAliya, a0 6

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jaina muni kI AcAra-sahitA 133 hiMsA to dUra, jaina muni peDa-paudho Adi sUkSma jIvo kI hiMsA bhI nahIM karate / jana tattva vidyA ke anusAra pRthvI, pAnI, agni, vAyu aura vanaspati ko bhI sajIva mAnA gayA hai| ina sthAvara jIvo ko bhI kaSTa na ho, isa dRSTi se jaina muni sadA jAgarUka rahate haiN| ve dharatI kA dohana nahIM karate nadI Adi ke kacce jala kA upayoga nahI karate haiM, jala ko gandA nahI karate, Aga nahI jalAte, havA ko dUSita nahIM karate, hariyAlI ko kATanA to dUra use pAMvo se bhI nahI kuclte| sIdhe zabdo me kahe to ve sahaja jIvana jIte haiM, prakRti kI cheDachADa nahIM krte| ahiMsaka vRtti ke kAraNa kisI prakAra kA pradUSaNa phailAkara paryAvaraNa ko kSati nahI phucaate| isalie kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaina muni na kevala manuSya jAti ke apitu sampUrNa carAcara jagata ke rakSaka haiM, trAtA haiN| 2. satya mahAvata-mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika RjutA kA vikAsa tathA avisavAdana yoga kA abhyAsa / jaina muni kisI bhI paristhiti meM asatya kA sahArA nahIM lete| asatya bhASA kA prayoga nahIM karate / asatya bolane ke hetu haiM-krodha, lobha, bhaya aura hAsya / muni inakA varjana karate haiM / ve kisI ko AghAta yA kaSTa pahucAne vAlA, ApasI vaira-virodha, tanAva yA mana-muTAva bar3hAne vAlA, hiMsA kA nimitta banane vAlA kaThora aura nizcayAtmaka zabda nahIM bolate / satya-mahAnata ke do surakSA praharI haiM-vANI kA sayama aura bhASA-viveka / avivekapUrNa aura asayata vANI kA prayoga anartha kA kAraNa bana jAtA hai| 3 acaurya mahAvrata-svAmI kI anumati ke binA alpamUlya yA bahumUlya vastu kA grahaNa na karanA tathA deva, guru aura dharma kI AjJA kA atikramaNa na krnaa|| binA AjJA kisI ke makAna me rahanA, kisI vastu kA upabhoga karanA, abhibhAvako kI anumati binA kisI vyakti ko dIkSita karanA-ye kArya jaina AcAra zAstra sammata nahI haiN| 4 brahmacarya mahAvrata-mana, vANI aura zarIra kI pavitratA kA vikAsa, vAsanA-vijaya, aatm-rmnn| abrahmacarya ghora pramAda hai / sayama aura caritra kA nAza karane vAlA hai| jaina muni pUrNa brahmacArI hote haiN| brahmacarya kI surakSA ke lie ve khAdya-sayama, dRSTi-sayama aura smRti-sayama kI sAdhanA karate haiN| vAsanA ko uttejita karane vAle sasarga, pahanAvA, carcA aura vaise sAhitya se svaya ko bacAte haiN| sAdhu-sAdhviyA kramaza strI aura puruSa kA sparza taka nahIM krte| unake sAtha eka Asana para nahI baiThate, ekAta me bAtacIta nahIM krte| kyoki sAdhanA ke prArambha me nimitto se bacanA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai|

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jainadharma : jIvana aura jagat 5. aparigraha mahAvata-sagraha-tyAga, samatva-visarjana / jaina-muni akiMcana hote haiM / ve sonA-cAdI, rupaye-paise nahIM rakhate / kisI prakAra kA baika-baileMsa nahIM rkhte| jamIna-jAyadAda nahIM rkhte| yahA taka ki dUsare dina ke lie bhI khAdya-peya padArthoM kA saMgraha nahIM krte| kabIrajI ne bhI isake samarthana me likhA hai __sAdhu ho saMgraha kare, dUje dina kA nIra / tare na tAre jagat ko, kaha gaye dAsa kabIra // 6. rAtri-bhojana-varjana-jana-Agamo me rAtri-bhojana kA tyAgachaThA vrata mAnA gayA hai| jaina muni pAca mahAvrato kI bhAti rAtri-bhojanaviramaNa vrata kA bhI pUrI niSThA ke sAtha pAlana karate haiN| ve rAtri meM kisI prakAra ke khAdya-peya padArtha aura auSadha kA sevana nahIM krte| yaha bahuta baDA tapa hai| ukta pAca mahAvrata jaina muni kI sAdhanA kA mUla AdhAra hai| inakI puSTi aura siddhi ke lie unhe satata jAgarUka prayatna karanA hotA hai / bAravAra abhyAsa karanA hotA hai| pratyeka mahAvrata kI ArAdhanA ke lie jainazAstro me pAca-pAca abhyAsa-vindu nirdiSTa haiM, jinhe bhAvanA kahate haiM / jaina-paramparA me pAca mahAnato kI paccIsa bhAvanAe suprasiddha haiM, jaise 1. ahiMsA mahAvrata kI pAca bhAvanAe-1. calane me jAgarUkatA, 2. mana kA sayama, 3. vANI kA sayama, 4. dharmoMpakaraNo ke vyavahAra meM jAgarUkatA, 5 AhAra-zuddhi kA viveka / 2. satya mahAvata kI pAca bhAvanAe-1 vANI kA viveka, 2-5. krodha, lobha, bhaya aura hAsya kA varjana / 3. acaurya mahAvrata kI pAca bhAvanAe-1. yAcanA kA viveka, 2. upabhoga kA viveka, 3 parimita padArthoM kA svIkaraNa, 4. unakI sImA kA nirdhAraNa, 5 sAmiko se yAcanA kA viveka / 4. brahmacarya mahAvrata kI pAca bhAvanAe-1 ekAntavAsa, 2 vaiSayika kathA kA varjana, 3. cakSu-sayama, 4. smRti-sayama, 5. atimAtra/praNIta bhojana kA varjana / 5. aparigraha mahAvrata kI pAca bhAvanAe-1-5, pAco indriyo kA sayama tathA manojJa-amanojJa indriya-viSayo ke prati samatA kI sAdhanA / ____ mahAvrato kI surakSA ke lie pAMca samitiyo aura tIna guptiyo ke pAlana kA prAvadhAna hai| ye jina-zAsana me ATha pravacana-mAtA ke nAma se vikhyAta haiN| samiti kA artha hai samyak pravRtti, vivekapUrNa pravRtti / ve pAca

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naina muni kI AcAra-sahitA 135 1 IryA-samiti-gamana yoga, yuga-pramita bhUmi ko dekhakara calanA / 2 bhASA-samiti-vacana-yoga, vivekapUrvaka niravadha bhASA bolnaa| 3 eSaNA-samiti-nirdoSa-bhikSA kA grahaNa tathA anAsakta bhAva se AhAra krnaa| 4 AdAna-nikSepa-samiti-upakaraNo ko lene va rakhane meM sAvadhAnI rakhanA / 5 utsarga-samiti-utsarga-vidhi me viveka rkhnaa| manuSya kI jIvana-yAtrA ke mukhya pAca vyavahAra haiM-calanA, bolanA, khAnA, vastuo kA upayoga karanA aura utsarga krnaa| ina pravRttiyo ke AdhAra para vyakti ke antaraga aura bAhya vyaktitva ko parakhA jA sakatA hai| eka muni kI jIvana-zailI gahastha kI jIvana-zailI se sarvathA bhinna honI caahie| samitiyA usake AdhyAtmika vyaktitva kA perAmITara bana sakatI haiN| sAdhanA kI dRSTi me samyak pravRtti hI paryApta nahIM hai, usakI tejasvitA aura prabhAvotpAdakatA ke lie nivRtti kA mUlya bhI kama nahI hai / jaina sAdhanA mUlata nivRtti pradhAna hai / nirvANa-pradhAna hai / usake lie trigupti kI sAdhanA Avazyaka hai / gupti kA artha hai-sat aura asata-dono prakAra kI pravRtti kA nirodha / tIna guptiyA ye haiM (1) managupti-mAnasika pravRttiyo kA sayama yA nirodha / (2) vacanagupti-vANI kA sayama yA nirodha / (3) kAyagupti-kAyika ceSTAo kA sayama yA nirodha / pratyeka jaina muni ke lie pAca mahAvrata, pAca samiti aura tIna gupti- ina teraha niyamo kA pAlana karanA anivArya hai| ina teraha niyamoM ke AdhAra para anya bhI aneka prakAra ke niyamo-upaniyamo kA vikAsa huA hai| jaina dharma ke mahAn pravaktA AcArya pravara ke muha se jaina muniyoM ke mAcAra ke viSaya me vistAra se jAnakArI prApta kara zrotAoM ne kRtArthatA kA anubhava kiyaa| jaina-zramaNo kI tapasvitA aura AcAra-niSThA ke prati unake mana me AsthA kA bhAva jaagaa| unakA mAthA anAyAsa jhuka gayA unake alaukika tyAga ke prati / unake jijJAsu bhAva ne adhyAtma ke sumeru jainAcArya se barAvara saparka banAe rakhane ko vivaza kiyaa| isa daurAna jaina muni ke AcAra kI aneka vArI kiyA zrati ke vAtAyana se unakI cetanA ke loka me praviSTa huii| jaise jaina muni anagAra hote haiN| unakA apanA kahI makAna nahIM hotaa|

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136 jainadharma . jIvana aura jagat jahA jAte haiM, vahI vyaktigata, sArvajanika yA sarakArI jo bhI sthAna mile, adhikAriyo kI anumati pUrvaka raha jAte haiN| tyAga kA utkRSTa namUnA hai anagAra vRtti| Adhunika manovijJAna ke pravartaka phAyaDa ke anusAra prANI kI maulika vRtti hai 'kaam'| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI dRSTi me prANI kI maulika vRtti hai lobha-parigraha / 'kAma' ko kAmanA ke rUpa me svIkAra kareM to dono vicAro me savAditA ho sakatI hai| Adhunika manovijJAna ne isa kSetra me naI khoja kI hai| usakI mAnyatA se prANI ko maulika vRtti hai adhikAra kI bhaavnaa| choTe se choTe prANI me apane ghara ke prati pravala adhikAra kI bhAvanA hotI hai / usako tyAga denA kaThina kAma hai| jaina muni kA Adarza haiM -nirganyatA, akiNcntaa| usakI sAdhanA ke lie vaha sabase pahale isI adhikAra-vRtti 'para prahAra karatA hai / agAra (ghara) ko tyAga anagAra bana jAtA hai / vRtti-pariSkAra kI yAtrA meM bahuta hI arthavAna bana jAtA hai anagAra zabda / 0 jaina muniyo kA jIvana-vrata hai - pdyaatraa| ve jaba apanA sAmAna kadho para lie, nage pAva, gAva-gAva aura nagara-nagara me dharma kI mahAjyoti lie pahuMcate haiM to lagatA hai zramaNa-saskRti kA parama puruSArtha deha-dhAraNa kara ajJAna aura Alasya ke tamasa ko samApta kara rahA hai| 0 jaina muni bhikSA-jIvI hote haiN| unakI bhikSA vidhi ko gocarI yA sAdhukarI vRtti kahate haiN| ve eka hI ghara se bhikSA nahIM lete / aneka gharoM se thoDI-thoDI bhikSA lete haiM, jisase unakA kAma bhI cala jAe aura gRhastha ko bhI bhAra mahasUsa na ho| ve gRhastha ke lie jo sahaja nirmita bhojana hotA hai, use grahaNa kara lete haiM / naimittika AhAra nahIM lete| 0 ve zuddha sAttvika bhojana grahaNa kara ahiMsAtmaka tarIke se jIvanayApana karate haiM / ve mAsa, aDe aura mAdaka dravyo kA sevana nahIM krte| 0 ve gRhasthocita kAryoM me bhAga nahIM lete| 0 ve kisI rAjanaitika pArTI kA samarthana yA virodha nahI karate / * ve sApekSa sahayoga lete hue bhI pUrNa svAvalambI jIvana jIte haiM / 0 ve svaya hI harijana haiM aura svaya hI mahAjana / 0 unakI vihAra-caryA prazasta hotI hai| unakI caryA ke cAra dhruva hai-svAdhyAya, dhyAna, pavitratA aura tp| unake AcAra-zAstrIya niyama inhI dhruvo kI parikramA karate haiN| yaha pavitra AcAra sahitA sadiyosahasrAbdiyo se jaina zramaNa sagho ko prANavAna banAe hue hai| yahI samasta sata-paramparA kI jIvantatA kA AdhAra hai|

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jaina muni kI AcAra-sahitA 137 yugIna samasyAo ke sadarbha me jaina muni ke AcAra kI eka-eka dhArA kA vizleSaNa kareM to hama pAege ki unake pratyeka vidhi-niSedha ke pIche gUr3ha vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa rahA hai| isIlie vartamAna ke pariprekSya me usakA vyApaka mahattva hai / isake AcaraNa aura anuzIlana me samUcI mAnavajAti kA hita nihita hai|

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jaina muniyoM kI pada-yAtrA aura usakI upalabdhiyAM santa aura saMskRti "IrAna aura TarkI ke bIca ghamAsAna yuddha / TarkI kI nirantara parAjaya / eka dina IrAna ke sUphI sata pharidudIna turkoM ke hAtha paDa gye| jAsUsI kA mAropa / phAsI kI sajA sunAI gii| IrAna kA eka dhanADhya sata ke barAvara hIre-javAharAta lekara sata ko mukta karane kI mAga karatA hai / aneka IrAnI sata ke badale prANa dene ko taiyAra haiN| TarkI saba yAcanAo ko asvIkAra kara detA hai / Akhira IrAna ke zAha TarkI ke sulatAna se prArthanA karate haiM'Apa rAjya le leM, para santa ko choDa deN|' sulatAna Azcaryacakita / bAta kyA hai, jisa rAjya ko hama pUrI tAkata ke sAtha laDakara bhI nahI pA sake, use Apa eka 'AdamI' ke badale hame sauMpa rahe haiM ? zAha baDI gabhIratA ke sAtha tathya ko anAvata karate hue kahate haiMrAjya nazvara hai aura sAta avinAzI / sata vyakti nahIM hotA, vaha saskRti kA pratIka hotA hai| hamane yadi sata ko kho diyA to IrAna sadA-sadA ke lie kalakita ho jaaegaa| bAta sulatAna kI samajha meM A jAtI hai-jisa deza meM sato kA itanA sammAna, use kauna parAjita kara sakatA hai| sata kI vApasI ke sAtha hI dono dezo ke madhya yuddha-cirAma kI ghoSaNA ho jAtI hai| yaha ghaTanA-prasaga sata-paramparA kI sArthakatA ko ujAgara kara rahA hai| AcArya jinadAsa mahattara likhate haiM ___ "viviha kuluppaNNA sAhavo kapparUkhA" sata-jana vividha kulo me utpanna dharatI ke kalpavRkSa haiN| isase bhI Age bar3he to lagatA hai, mAnavatA ke lie kalpavRkSa se bhI adhika varadAyI aura mahimAmaya haiM santa / santo kA na nizcita eka veSa hotA hai, na deza / na eka pariveza hotA hai, na koI sthAna vizeSa / ve dete haiM mAnava kI AdhyAtmika cetanA ko naye unmeSa aura jIvana kI divyatA kA pAvana sandeza / vaise sAre vizva me sAdhu-sato kI apanI alaga hI ahaMtA aura upayogitA hai, lekina bhAratIya saMskRti kA to prANa-tattva hI santa-paramparA

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jaina muniyoM kI pada yAtrA aura usakI upalabdhiyAM saMskRti kI pratiSThA, prasAra aura pallavana jIvana me sadA se santo kI pratiSThA, vandanA aura hai / Aja bhI vaha nirmala dhArA bhArata kI dharatI ke karatI huI Age bar3ha rahI hai / isalie bhAratIyo ke zraddhA-praNata haiM una adhyAtma-pracetA sato kI niSkAma sata aura parivrajana 139 ke lie bhAratIya lokaabhivadanA hotI AyI aNu aNu ko AplAvita koTi-koTi anta karaNa sevAo ke prati / vaise to koI bhI adhyAtma sAdhaka jahA kahI baiThakara adhyAtma kI dhunI ramAtA hai, vahA ke pUre vAtAvaraNa ko prabhAvita karatA hai / usake zArIrika aura mAnasika pavitra vikiraNoM se samagra vAyu-maDala zuddha hotA hai / usake anta karaNa se nirantara pravAhamAna prema, karuNA aura maMtrI kI dhArAe prANI jagat kI samasta caitasika kaluSatAo ko dho DAlatI haiM / unake karjAkaraNa vAtAvaraNa meM aise urjasvala vicAra - valayo ko nirmita karate haiM jiname vilayita vizva cetanA jJAna, zakti aura Ananda ke sarovaroM meM nimagna raha sakatI hai / jagalo, pahADo aura guphAo me rahakara dhyAna-sAdhanA karane vAle RSi-muni bhale hI jana saparka se dUra rahe, unakA sAskRtika aura AdhyAtmika anudAna kisI bhI dRSTi se kama nahI kahA jA sktaa| phira bhI AtmakalyANa ke sAtha-sAtha jana-kalyANa ke pavitra uddezya se unakA parivrajana bhI sAMskRtika unnayana aura loka-cetanA ke jAgaraNa kI dRSTi se atirikta mUlyavattA rakhatA hai / kyoki samAja ko sAmAjika aura naitika dAyitva kA bodha karAnA bhI sAdhu-samAja kA pavitra kartavya ho jAtA hai / jaina muniyoM kA parivrajana prAcIna kAla me sabhI sata, bhale hI ve jaina muni ho yA vauddha bhikSu sanyAsI ho yA phakIra, janatA ko pratibodha dene yA apane-apane dharma kA pracAra karane, paidala hI eka gAva se dUsare gAva ghUmA karate the / apanI isa ghumakkaDa vRtti ke kAraNa hI ve parivrAjaka kahalAte the / kintu kAlAntara me parivrajana gauNa ho gayA / adhikAza sAdhu-sanyAsI maTho, mandiro, Azramo aura upAzrayo me niyata - vAsI ho ge| unakI suvidhAvAdI manovRtti ne athavA yugIna apekSAoM ne yAna - vAhano ke upayoga ko svIkRti de dI / kintu jaina muniyo ne apane pada-yAtrA - krama ko kabhI upekSita nahI kiyA / sukha-suvidhAoM kI pravAha kie vinA, ghora kaSTa sahana kara jana-kalyANa ke lie apane Apako samarpita kara dene vAlo me jaina zramaNo kA sthAna agraNI hai / pada-yAtrA kyo ? jaina muni aparigraha ke mahAn vratI hote haiM / isalie akiMcana

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140 jainadharma : jIvana aura jagat hote haiM / akiMcana ke lie aniketana honA jarUrI hai aura aniketana ke lie parivrajana / isalie ve niyatavAsI na vanakara parivrajana karate rahate haiN| jaina muniyo ke lie prayukta 'anagAra' zabda se unakI yahI aniketatA dhvanita hotI hai| jaina muni pUrNa ahiMsaka hote haiM / ata ve sUkSma se sUkSma prANI kI hiMsA kA varjana karate haiM / jaina-darzana ke anusAra pRthvI, pAnI, agni, havA aura hariyAlI-ye sAre sUkSma jIvo ke piMDa haiM / jaina muni inakI hiMsA se uparata rahate haiM / vAhano kA prayoga karane se ukta sUkSma-kAyika jIvo kI hiMsA se bacA nahIM jA sktaa| sthUla jIvo me bhI kIDe-makoDo se lekara manuSya taka na jAne kitane prANI vAhano kI andhI dauDa me kucala die jAte haiN| sUkSma jIvo kI hiMsA se bhI uparata rahane vAle ahiMsA-vratI muni aisI sthUla hiMsA ke nimitta bhI kaise bana sakate haiM ? pAva-pAMva calate hue bhI jaina muni I-samiti-gati-zuddhipUrvaka calate haiM-patha ko dekhate hue calate haiM, tAki unake calane se patha-gata sUkSma yA sthUla jIvo kA hanana na ho| vAhana se calate hue muni I-samiti kA pAlana nahI kara sakate / usake abhAva meM unakA ahiMsA mahAvrata khaDita hotA hai / ata ahiMsA mahAvrata kA samyak pAlana karane ke lie jaina muni vAhana kA prayoga nahIM krte| niSkarSa kI bhASA me jaina muni ahiMsaka aura akiMcana-dono hote haiM, isalie ve pada-yAtrA karate haiN| pada-yAtrA Agamika vidhAna ___ jaina tIrthaMkaro yA muniyo kI caryA kA jahA bhI varNana AtA hai, unake lie yaha vizeSa ullekha milatA hai 'gAmANugAma dUijjamANe, suhasuheNa viharamANe-eka gAva se dUsare gAva ghUmate hue, sukhapUrvaka vihAra karate hue / ' jaina muniyo ke lie kahI eka jagaha Azrama banAkara baiThane kA ullekha kisI bhI prAcIna aura maulika grantha me upalabdha nahIM hotaa| ___ Agama kahate haiM- "muni kAraNa ke binA eka sthAna me na rhe|" sAdhu-sAdhviyA hemanta aura grISma Rtu me vihAra karate rahe / jaina muniyo kA aniyatavAsa prazasta mAnA gayA hai| dazavakAlika cUNi me agastya sthavira likhate haiM--" * Na Nicca megattha-vasiyavva kintu viharitanva"-muni nitya eka sthAna me na rahe, apitu vihAra karate rhe| vihAra kI dRSTi se varSa ko do bhAgo me bATA gayA hai-varSAkAla aura RtubaddhakAla / varSAkAla meM muni eka sthAna me cAra mAsa taka raha

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jaina muniyo kI pada-yAtrA aura usakI upalabdhiyA 141 sakatA hai aura Rtu-baddha-kAla meM eka mAsa / jaina muni ke lie caturmAsa kA kAla eka sthAna me rahane kA utkRSTa kAla hai / Rtubaddha-kAla me eka sthAna me rahane kA utkRSTa samaya eka mAsa hai| sAdhviyA eka sthAna me do mAsa taka bhI raha sakatI haiN| cikitsA Adi ke apavAdo ko choDakara jisa sthAna meM sAdhu-sAdhviyA eka bAra utkRSTa samaya taka raha cuke hote haiM vahA puna rahane ke lie samaya kI nizcita maryAdAe kI gaI haiN| jaina muniyoM kI yAtrA ke do rUpa haiM-antaryAtrA aura bhiryaatraa| pahalI cetanA ke stara para ghATata hotI hai aura dUsarI kA sambandha hai bAhyapariveza se / antaryAtrA me antazcetanA antarjagat kI anveSaNA karatI hai| aura bAhyayAtrA meM hotA hai-dharma pracArArtha jana-saparka kA vistAra / jainamuni ina dono hI yAtrAo ke mAdhyama se jIvana aura jagat ke sUkSma, jaTila eva bahuAyAmI pahaluo ko samagratA se jAnane-samajhane kA prayatna karate haiN| pada-yAtrA kA Agraha kyo? __ Aja ke bauddhika varga kA eka jvalata prazna hai ki kucha hI kSaNo meM samagra vizva kI parikramA karane vAle drutagAmI yAna-vAhano ke upalabdha hote hue bhI pada-yAtrA kA Agraha kahA taka ucita hai ? kyA isase samaya aura zakti kA apavyaya nahI hotA ? prazna avazya ciMtanIya hai| kintu apanI lambI-lambI yAtrAoM ke mAdhyama se vizva-bhramaNa ke nae kIrtimAna sthApita karanA hI yadi jainadhamaNo kA uddezya hotA to isa dizA meM bahuta pahale hI koI krAtikArI kadama uThAyA jA sakatA thA, lekina jaina-muniyo kA vihAra to vahI taka anumata hai, jahA taka unakI sAdhanA akSuNNa rhe| unake parivrajana se jJAna dazana aura cAritra-sampadA kI abhivRddhi ho| apane vrato ko upekSita kara mAtra janakalyANa ko pramukhatA dene ko ve Atma-pravacanA hI mAnate haiN| yAnayAtrA jahA eka ora mahAvano kI sUkSma dhArAo ke sAtha asagata hai vahAM dUsarI ora sAdhaka me 'suvidhAvAdI' manovRtti kA bIja-vapana bhI kara detI hai, jo usakI sArI sAdhanA ko hI khokhalI banA sakatI hai| dUsarI bAta vAhanoM se yAtrA karane me vaha Ananda nahIM AtA, jo padayAtrA me upalabdha hotA hai / vAhano dvArA to manuSya DhoyA jAtA hai| vahAM usakI svatayatA china jAtI hai / vAhano kI nibharatA se use kahI anacAhe rukanA hotA hai, tA kahI cAhane para bhI aneka dazyo aura sthalo ko anadekhA hI choDanA par3atA hai| prakRti aura manuSya ke sAtha sIdhA-saparka bhI pada-yAtrA se hI sambhava hA sakatA hai / pada-yAtrA me sva-nibharatA ke sAtha anubhUtiyoM me bhI pravaNatA AtI hai| bhaugAlika aura sAskRtika sthitiyo ke Akalana

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142 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat ke sAtha Arthika aura rAjanItika sthitiyo kI bhI samyak jAnakArI milatI hai / samAja ke pichaDe aura madhyama varga se vyaktiza samparka hone ke kAraNa sAmAjika sthitiyoM kA yathArtha rekhA-citra akita kiyA jA sakatA hai / ina saba sadarbhoM me jhAkane se padayAtrA kA mahattva sahaja samajha me A sakatA hai / parivrajana kA uddezya jaina muniyoM ke vihAra kA uddezya mAtra paryaTana yA vizva - darzana nahI hotA / unakA uddezya hai - jana-jana kI antazcetanA ke sAtha tAdAtmya sthApita karanA / unakI vRttiyo aura pravRttiyoM kA sUkSmatA se adhyayana aura manovaijJAnika vizleSaNa kara unakI samasyAo kA sthAyI samAdhAna prastuta karanA / unhe niyatrita aura satulita jIvana jIne kI preraNA denA / jaina muni pAva-pAva cala kara sUraja kI taraha gAva-gAva aura ghara P ghara me naitikatA aura AdhyAtmikatA kI rozanI phailAnA cAhate haiM / ve isI dharatI kI miTTI me caritra niSTha aura paripUrNa vyaktitvo kI phasala ugAnA cAhate haiM, na ki AkAzamAgaM se kisI divya-jyoti kA avataraNa / yaha saba pada-yAtrA ke dvArA jana-sAmAnya ke sAtha samparka - sAdhane se sahaja sabhava ho sakatA hai / jaina muni bhramaNazIla hote haiM / Aja yahA to kala vahA / na koI sthAna, na makAna | hA ve jahA paDAva DAlate haiM, vahI unakA makAna bana jAtA hai / ' batAye kyA apanA nAma sthAna, jahA ThahareM, vahI apanA makAna / ' kitanA sukha hotA hai isa phakIrI me / mamatva - mukti kI isa sAdhanA me na koI vyakti bAdhaka banatA hai, na sthAna / ipa aniyata vAsa ke kAraNa na kisI vyakti ke sAtha unake rAgAtmaka sabadha juDate haiM, na kSetra-vizeSa ke sAtha / isIlie ve vAyuvat apratibaddha-vihArI hote haiM / jinake apanA koI ghara-dvAra nahI hotA, ve anAvazyaka vastu- sagraha se sahaja hI baca jAte haiM / jaina muni vAhana kA prayoga nahI karate, na baiThane ke lie, na bhAra Dhone ke lie | ve apanA sAmAna apane kadho para hI lekara calate haiM, isalie ve utanA hI sAmAna rakhate haiM jitane kI anivArya apekSA hotI hai / isase unakA lAghava-dharma puSTa hotA hai / brahmacaryaM kI sAdhanA me bhI pAda - vihAra sahayogI banatA hai / 'AyAro' me ullekha hai-- kadAcit muni kA mana vAsanA se AkrAta ho jAe, to vaha khAdya sayama, yAsana, kAyotsarga, khar3e-khaDe dhyAna Adi upAyo se use samAhita karane kA prayatna kre| yadi ina samagra upAyo se bhI mana sthira aura

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jaina muniyo kI pada-yAtrA aura usakI upalabdhiyA 143 yAtmastha na ho, to phira vaha 'gAmANugAma viharejjA'-grAmAnugrAma vihAra karanA prArambha kara de / mana svastha ho jaaegaa| kisI bhI deza kI saskRti kA mUla rUpa gAvo meM hI surakSita rahatA hai| bhArata kI janasaMkhyA kA adhikAza bhAga to gAvo me hI rahatA hai| muniyo ke pAda-vihAra se koTi-koTi grAmINa janatA lAbhAnvita hotI hai aura sAkRtika cetanA ke unnayana ke naye AyAma upalabdha hote haiN| jana-jIvana me dharma kA Aloka vikherane ke uddezya se kI gaI jainamuniyo kI pada-yAtrAe mAnava-jIvana ke avarodha, kuNThA aura kasaka ko dhokara use ananta Ananda kI dizA me yAtrAyita karatI hai| jana-muniyo ke pAda-vihAra kA itihAsa batAtA hai ki ve jahAjisa prAta me gaye, vahA kI sabhyatA, saskRti aura paramparAo kA unhone sUkSmatA se adhyayana kiyA / vahA ke AcAra, vicAra, vyavahAra aura lokajIvana me ve ghula mila gye| vahA kI bhASA sIkhI / ve usI bhASA me bole aura usI bhASA me sAhitya sRjana kiyA / phalata ve jahA gaye, jahA rahe, vahA kI janatA ke sAtha unhone AtmIya-sambandha sthApita kara lie / isIlie unheM vahA-vahAM kI gharatI ko urvara banAne aura jaina-saskAro kI phasala ugAne me abhUtapUrva saphalatA milI / bhArata kI vividha-prAtIya bhASAoM meM jaina-manISiyo dvArA racita sAhitya jitanI pracura mAtrA meM upalabdha hotA hai, utanA anya dharmAcAyoM yA manISiyo dvArA likhita upalabdha nahIM hotaa| jainAcAryoM bora jaina zramaNa-zramaNiyo kA yaha vipula sAhityika anudAna bhI unakI pada-yAtrAoM ko mahattvapUrNa upalabdhi hai| jainAcAryoM kI aitihAsika pada-yAtrAo ne vividha saskRtiyo ke madhya setu kA kAma bhI kiyA hai| bhArata kI vividha-prAtIya janatA kI bhAva-dhArA ko AdhyAtmika aura sAskRtika samanvaya ke dhAge se joDA hai| __ yaha kitane Azcarya kI bAta hai ki jaina-dharma ke sabhI tIrthakaro kA janma uttara bhArata me huA aura unakI vANI ko vizadarUpa dene vAle aneka mahAn AcAryoM ko janma dene kA saubhAgya prApta huA bhArata ke dakSiNI macala ko / bhagavAn mahAvIra kI paramparA me aneka yazasvI AcAryokundakunda, akalaka, pUjyapAda, samantabhadra, vidyAnandi, nemicanda siddhAMtacakravartI Adi kA janma dakSiNa bhArata me hI huA thaa| isase spaSTa siddha hotA hai ki jaina muni jaina-dharma aura darzana kI divya jyoti lekara uttara se dakSiNa aura pUrva se pazcima taka pahuce, vahA ghUma-ghUmakara unhone adhyAtma kI alakha jagAI aura mahAvIra-vANI kI divyatA se loka-cetanA ko plAvita kiyA / yaha sArA zreya unakI pada-yAtrAo ko hI diyA jA sakatA hai|

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144 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat jaina-zramaNo ne apanI pada-yAtrAo se jahA bahuta kucha pAyA hai, vahA kucha upalabdhiyo se unhe vacita bhI rahanA par3A hai| caryA ke kaThora niyamo ke kAraNa unake vihAra kSetro kA parisImana ho gyaa| ve vyApaka rUpa se videzo me nahI jA sake / isalie vahA jaina-dharma kA vyApaka pracAraprasAra bhI nahIM ho skaa| hAlAki prAcIna samaya me jaina zramaNa bahuta bar3I sakhyA meM videzo me vihAra karate the, aisA aneka Thosa pramANo ke AdhAra para siddha ho cukA hai| ___ aneka vidvAno kA abhimata hai ki bhagavAn RSabha, ariSTanemi, pAva aura mahAvIra ne anArya dezo me vihAra kiyA thaa| unake ziSya zramaNa bhI bhArI saMkhyA meM videzo me ghUmate the / uttara-pazcima sImA prAta eva aphagAnistAna me vipula sakhyA me jainazramaNa vihAra karate the| I0 pU0 25 me pADya rAjA ne agasTsa sIjara ke darabAra me dUta bheje the| unake sAtha zramaNa bhI yUnAna gaye the| vidvAn itihAsa-lekhaka jI0 epha0 mUra ke anusAra IsA pUrva irAka, zyAma aura philIstIna me jaina muni saikaDo kI sakhyA me cAro ora phaile hue ye / pazcimI eziyA, mizra, yUnAna aura ithiyopiyA ke pahADo aura jagalo me una dino agaNita bhAratIya sAdhu rahate the| ve apane tyAga aura vidyA ke liye prasiddha the / ve sAdhu vastro taka kA parityAga kiye hue the| yUnAnI lekhaka mizra, ebIsIniyA aura ithyUpiyA me digambara muniyoM kA astitva batAte haiN| isa prakAra madhya eziyA me jaina-dharma yA zramaNa-saskRti kA kAphI prabhAva thaa| usase vahA ke dharma bhI prabhAvita hae the| jAvA, sumAtrA aura lakA me bhI jaina-muniyo ke vihAra kA ullekha milatA hai| isase hama isa niSkarSa taka pahucate haiM ki eka samaya aisA thA, jaba hindustAna ke bAhara ke dezo me jaina-muni pahuce the aura vahA jaina-dharma kA acchA prasAra huA thA / kAlAtara me jaina-zramaNo kI upekSA yA anyAnya paristhitiyo ke kAraNa sudUra dezoM kI pada-yAtrAo kA vaha krama sthAyitva nahI pA skaa| lekina bhArata meM lagabhaga sabhI prAto me Aja bhI sabhI jaina-sampradAyoM ke sAdhu-sAdhviyA usI rUpa meM bhramaNa karate haiM aura jana-jIvana ko jAgRti kA sadeza dete haiN| ____ aNavrata anuzAstA yugapradhAna gurudevazrI tulasI ne svaya lagabhaga sattara hajAra ki. mI kI pada-yAtrA kara sapUrNa deza kI AdhyAtmika ora

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jaina muniyo kI pada-yAtrA aura usakI upalabdhiyA 145 naitika cetanA ko punarjIvita kiyA hai| gurudevazrI ne apane lagabhaga sAta sau sAdhu-sAdhviyo ko deza ke naitika aura cAritrika jAgaraNa ke pavitra anuSThAna ke lie samarpita kara rakhA hai / ve bhArata ke sabhI prAto tathA usake paDosI dezo-nepAla, bhUTAna sikkima taka pahucate haiM aura jaina-dharma tathA aNuvrata ke sadeza ko ghara-ghara pahucAte haiN| gurudevazrI tathA unake ziSya-ziSyAo kI pada-yAtrA ke mukhya uddezya haiM-dharmakAti, dharma-samanvaya aura naitik-jaagrnn| mahAn uddezya se kI gaI aura kI jA rahI unakI mahAn pada-yAtrAo ne deza bhara me AdhyAtmika aura naitika mUlyo kI puna pratiSThA me adbhuta saphalatA prApta kI hai aura unake bhaviSya me sannihita hai loka-magala kI ananta-ananta sbhaavnaae|

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Agama vAcanA : itihAsa-yAtrA jina zAsana kA prANa tattva hai arhat-pravacana / arhata sarvajJa hote haiM, kevalajJAnI hote haiM / unakI jJAna-cetanA sarvAtmanA jAgRta ho cukI hotI hai| sapUrNa jIva-ajIva jagat apane guNa-paryAya dharmoM ke sAtha unakI jJAna-cetanA me spaSTa parilakSita hotA hai / sarvajJatA prApta hote hI ve loka-kalyANa hetu pravacana karate haiM / satya kA pratipAdana karate haiN| mahaMto dvArA pratipAdita vizAla zruta ke AdhAra para gaNadhara dvAdazAgI kI racanA karate haiM / bhagavAna mahAvIra jaina-dharma ke caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara the / kaThina adhyAtma-sAdhanA ke pazcAt ve sarvajJa bane / satya kA sAkSAtkAra kiyaa| jana-cetanA ko jAgRta karane hetu unhone pravacana kiyaa| idrabhUti gautama Adi gyAraha gaNadharo ne, jo ki unake pradhAna atevAsI ziSya the, usa artha rUpa me pravAhita zruta ke ajasra-srota ko granyo yA zAstro ke rUpa me rUpAyita kiyaa| zAstra rce| arhat-pravacana ke AdhAra para racA gayA Agama vAGmaya dvAdazAgI yA gaNi-piTaka khlaayaa| vaha vizAla jJAna-rAzi Agama yA zruta ke nAma se prasiddha hai| ahaMta paramparA ke uttaravartI AcAryoM ko yaha apAra zruta-rAzi virAsata ke rUpa meM prApta hotI hai / ye isakA amUlya-nidhi ke rUpa me sarakSaNa karate haiN| jaina-zAsana ko gaNadharo kI amUlya dena hai-dvAdazAgI yA gaNipiTaka / vaidika paramparA me jo sthAna vedo kA hai, bauddha paramparA me jo sthAna tripiTaka kA hai, vahI sthAna jaina paramparA meM gaNipiTaka kA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra kI uttaravartI paramparA me AcArya sudharmA aura javU svAmI ye do hI kevalI hue| unake yuga taka Agama vADmaya sapUrNata surakSita rahA / unake pazcAt chaha zruta kevalI hue / uname bhadrabAhu kA sthAna bahuta U cA hai / AcArya bhadrabAhu ke pazcAt zruta kI dhArA kSINa hone lgii| ___ jaba-jaba zruta kI pravahamAna dhArA me avarodha utpanna hue, zruta vicchinna huA, zramaNa-sagha ne zruta-sapanna samartha AcAryoM ke netRtva me zruta kI surakSA kA tIvra prayatna kiyaa| zruta kA sakalana, sUtra aura artha kI vismRta yA vicchinna paramparA kA puna sadhAna, grantha-lekhana Adi-Adi mAdhyamo se mahAn jainAcAryoM ne zruta kI mahAn sevAe kI /

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Agama vAcanA itihAsa - yAtrA 147 zruta sevA ke tIvra prayatno me muni sagha ke mahAsammelana bulAe gae aura AgamoM kA sAmUhika vAcana kiyA gayA / isalie ve prayatna jaina sagha me Agama-vAcanA ke rUpa meM itihAsa - prasiddha ho gae / ve vAcanAe kaba, kina paristhitiyo aura kina AcAryoM ke netRtva me sampanna huIM, isake sabaMdha me / vIra - nirvANa kI pahalI madhya Agama vAGmaya 1 sakSipta jAnakArI kareMge prastuta nibadha ke mAdhyama se sadI se lekara vI ni ke 950 athavA 993 varSa ke ke sakalana aura vyavasthitIkaraNa kI dRSTi se pAca huIM / pramukha vAcanAe sapanna prathama vAcanA prathama Agama vAcanA vI ni kI dUsarI zatAbdI ( vI ni 160) me huI / usa samaya zramaNa saMgha kA mukhya vihAra kSetra magadha, Aja kA bihAra pradeza thA / magadha rAjya me 12 varSo taka lagAtAra duSkAla paDA / usase zramaNa-saMgha ko kAphI kaThinAiyoM se gujaranA paDA / muni-caryA kI kaThoratA, niyamo kI jaTilatA, bhikSA kI anupalabdhi - ina saba kAraNo se aneka zrutadhara muni divagata ho gae, aneka rugNa ho ge| zrutadhara muniyo kA svAsthya kSINa huA / smRti kSINa huii| phalata zruta kI dhArA chinna-bhinna ho gaI / duSkAla kI samApti para vicchinna zruta ko sakalita karane ke lie vIni 160 ke lagabhaga, zramaNa- sagha ke AcArya pATalIputra ( magadha ) me ekatrita hue / isa mahAsammelana kA netRtva kara rahe the mahAmanasvI AcArya sthUlabhadra / unake nirdezana me sabhI zramaNo ne milakara gyAraha ago kA prAmANika sakalana kiyA / bArahavA aga dRSTivAda kisI bhI zramaNa ko yAda nahI thA / isa samaya dRSTivAda ke jJAtA eka mAtra AcArya bhadravAha bace the / ve nepAla me mahAprANa dhyAna kI sAdhanA me nirata the / zruta kI isa apUraNIya kSati ko pUrA karane prakhara medhAvI Arya sthUlabhadra vizAla zramaNa- sagha ke sAtha nepAla pahuce / sagha ke anunaya bhare nivedana ko svIkAra kara AcApa bhadavAhu ne sthUlabhadra Adi zramaNo ko dRSTivAda kI vAcanA denA prArambha kiyA / dhRtidurbalatA ke kAraNa sthUlabhadra ke sivAya pUrva zruta kI ArAdhanA me sabhI muni asaphala ho gae / mAtra sthUlabhadra hI caudaha pUrvo kA jJAna prApta kara sake / sAdhvI vahano ko camatkAra dikhAne ke lie unhone zakti- pradazana kiyA, isa pramAda ke prAyazcitta svarUpa AcArya bhadrabAhu ne unhe atima cAra pUrvI kI artha - vAcanA nahI dI / ata artha kI dRSTi se antima zruta kevalI bhadrabAhu hue / unake svargavAsa (vI ni 170 ) ke pazcAt arthata atima cAra pUrvo kA viccheda ho gayA /

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148 jainadarzana . jIvana aura jagat dUsarI vAcanA IsA pUrva dUsarI zatAbdI ke madhya me zruta-surakSA kA eka aura prayatna huA thA kaliMgAdhipati jaina samrATa khAravela ke yuga me / himavata sthavirAvalI ke anusAra samrAT khAravela ne kumArI parvata para eka vRhat zramaNasammelana Ayojita kiyA thaa| isa sammelana meM AcArya mahAgiri kI paraparA ke balissaha, bauddhaliMga, devAcArya, dharmasenAcArya, nakSatrAcArya Adi do sau jinakalpa tulya sAdhanA karane vAle zramaNa evaM Arya susthita, AyaM supratibuddha, umAsvAti, zyAmAcArya Adi tIna sau sthavirakalpI zramaNa sammilita hue the| AryA poiNI Adi tIna sau sAdhviyA, bhikkha gaya, cUrNaka, telaka Adi chaha sau zrAvaka tathA pUrNamizrA Adi chaha sau zrAvikAe bhI sammilita thii| ukta vRhat sammelana me sAdhviyo aura zrAvikAo kI bhAgIdArI jaina zAsana me nArI-jAti kI pratiSThA kA aitihAsika dastAveja hai / isa avasara para zruta-svAdhyAya aura zruta-sthirIkaraNa ke atirikta aneka mahattvapUrNa grantho kA nirmANa bhI huaa| zyAmAcArya ne pannavaNA sUtra kI, umAsvati ne tattvArtha sUtra kI aura sthavira Arya balissaha ne agavidyA prati zAstro kI racanA kii| isa prakAra samrAT khAravela ne pracAra-prasAra, zruta-sarakSaNa Adi dRSTiyo se jana-dharma kI advitIya sevA kii| jainadharma ko vyApaka banAne me apanI sattA aura zakti kA bharapUra upayoga kiyaa| samrAT khAravela ko usake kAryoM kI prazasti ke rUpa me dhammarAja, bhikkhu rAja, khemarAja Adi sammAna-sUcaka zabdo se sammAnita kiyA gayA / cakravartI khAravela jaina-dharma kA ananya upAsaka thA / usake suprasiddha hAthIgumphA abhilekha se bhI yaha upalabdha hotA hai ki usane uDIsA ke kumArI parvata para jaina zramaNo kA eka sagha bulAyA aura mauryakAla me jo aga vicchinna ho gae the unhe upalabdha kraayaa| kaliMga-cakravartI samrATa khAravela kA zAsanakAla vI ni 300 se 330 mAnA gayA hai, ata ukta zramaNa-sammelana bhI isI avadhi me sapanna huA yA, aisA itihAsavijJo kA abhimata hai / aneka itihAsakAro ne isa sammelana ko vAcanA kA darjA nahI diyA hai, phira bhI isakI garimA aura mUlyavattA kisI bhI Agama-vAcanA kI tulanA me kama nahI hai / tIsarI aura cauthI vAcanA ye dono vAcanAe vI. ni 827 se 840 ke madhya haI / isa kAlA

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Agama vAcanA itihAsa-yAtrA 149 vadhi me phira bAraha varSIya bhayakara duSkAla pahA / isase jana-jIvana astavyasta aura satrasta ho uThA / tapasvI aura dhRti-sapanna muni sagha bhI isase aprabhAvita nahIM raha sakA / bhikSA kA milanA atyanta kaThina ho gayA / aneka zrutadhara AcAryoM aura muniyo ne vaibhAra giri aura kumAra-giri parvata para anazana svIkAra kara AtmArtha siddha kiyA / kucha muni sayama-jAvana ke nirvAha hetu dUra dezo kI ora cala paDe / jo rahe, ve ucita bhikSA-vRtti ke abhAva me Agamo kA adhyayana, adhyApana, grahaNa aura pratyAvartana nahIM kara sake / aisI sthiti me dhIre-dhIre zruta kA nAza hone lgaa| atizAyI zruta to baca hI nahI sakA, ago aura upAgo ke sapUrNa artha ke jJAtA muni nahI bace / sUtrAgama kA bhI bahuta baDA bhAga naSTa ho gayA / duSkAla samApta huA / vAtAvaraNa anukUla banA, taba usa samaya ke samartha AcArya skadila ke netRtva me mathurA meM sAmUhika Agama-vAcanA huI / jina-jina zramaNo ko Agamo kA jitanA bhAga yAda thA, usakA anusadhAna kara vyavasthita kiyA gayA / isa prayatna se kAlika sUtro aura pUrvagata ke kucha azo ko sakalita kiyA gyaa| yaha vAcanA Arya skadila ke netRtva tathA mathurA meM hone ke kAraNa skadilI-vAcanA yA mAthurI-vAcanA khlaaii| ___isa vAcanA me madhumitra, gadhahastI Adi DeDha so zramaNa upasthita the| madhumitra aura gadhahastI Arya skadila ke medhAvI guru bhAI muni the| paraspara zruta ke AdAna-pradAna dvArA TUTI huI zruta-zRkhalA ko joDane tathA avaziSTa zruta-sapadA ke sarakSaNa kA bhagIratha prayatna kiyA gayA / matAtara ke anusAra usa samaya taka zrRta naSTa nahI huA thA / vaha vidyamAna thA, kintu zrata ke artha kI vismRti ho gaI yathA Arya skandila ke sivAya zeSa zrutadhara muni divagata ho gae the / ata zruta kI artha-parasparA ko cirajIvI banAe rakhane ke lie yuga pradhAna Arya skandila ne usa sakalita zruta ke artha kI anuziSTi dI / anuyoga kA prarvatana kiyaa| yaha anuyoga-prarvatana hI skandilI yA mAtharI vAcanA khlaayaa| gadhahastI ne isa vAcanA kA pUrA vivaraNa likhaa| mathurA ke osavAla vazaja suzrAvaka popAla ne usa vivaraNa sameta sapUrNa sUtro ko tADa-patra para likhavAkara zramaNa sagha ko samarpita kiyaa| smRtiparamparA se surakSita zruta pahalI vAra lipibaddha huA / ThIka isI samaya AcArya nAgArjuna kI adhyakSatA me zramaNa sagha vallabhI me ekatrita huaa| zruta kA AdAna-pradAna huA / zramaNa vIca-bIca me vahuta-sA zruta bhUla cuke the| ciMtA huI, zrutanidhi sapUrNata naSTa na ho jAe, isa dRSTi se usa samaya taka jitanA zruta vacA thA, use sakalita kara liyA gayA / yaha vallabhI vAcanA athavA nAgArjunIya vAcanA khlaaii| devaddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa se bhI AyaM skandila ko

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jainadharma jIvana aura jagat 150 anuyoga prarvataka tathA nAgArjuna ko vAcaka rUpa me vadanA kI hai / pAMcavI vAcanA puna mAthurI aura ballabhI vAcanA ke 159 varSa pazcAt yAnI vI ni 980 me devaddhagaNI kSamAzramaNa kI adhyakSatA me zramaNa saMgha ekatrita huA / devaddhigaNI zruta-ratno ke dhAraka yuga prabhAvaka AcArya the / ve eka pUrva ke jJAtA the / unhone anubhava kiyA - smRti daurbalya zruta- parAvartana kA abhAva, guru-paramparA kI vicchitti ityAdi kAraNo se zruta kI dhArA atyata kSINa ho rahI hai / pUrvaM zruta vaha athAha apAra jJAna rAzi hai jisake lie kahA jAtA hai ki sapUrNa pRthvI ko kAgaja aura madarAcala ko lekhanI banA liyA jAye to bhI usa jJAna kA lekhana sabhava nahI, usa ameya jJAna - sapadA ka zramaNa apanI smRti - paramparA se surakSita rakhate the / Arya devaddhigaNI samayajJa the / unhone dekhA, anubhava kiyA ki aba samaya badala gayA hai, smRti ke AdhAra para zruta ko surakSita rakhanA sabhava nahI hai / zramaNo kI smaraNa zakti uttarotara kSINa hotI jA rahI hai / samaya rahate yadi zruta-surakSA kA ucita upAya na khojA gayA to use bacAnA kaThina hai / isI citana ke AdhAra para devaddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa ke netRtva me zramaNa- sagha puna mathurA me ekatrita huA / upalabdha kaThastha zruta ke AdhAra para vichinna Agama-vADmaya ko vyavasthita kiyA gayA / yaha vIni kI dasavI sadI kI mahattvapUrNa Agama-vAcanA thI / Agama - sAhitya ko sthAyitva dene kI dRSTi se unake nirdezana me Agama-lekhana kA kArya prArambha huA / usa samaya mAdhurI aura ballabhI dono hI vAcanAe unake samakSa thI / dono paramparAo ke pratinidhi AcArya eva munijana bhI upasthita the / devaddhigaNI ne mAthurI vAcanA ko pramukhatA pradAna kI aura ballabhI - vAcanA ko pAThAtara ke rUpa me svIkAra kiyaa| mAdhurI - vAcanA ke samaya bhI Agama tADa - patro me likhe gaye the, para isa dizA me jo suvyavasthita kAryaM devaddhagaNI ne kiyA, vaha apUrvaM thA / balahIpuramma nayare, devaDiya maheNa samaNa sagheNa / putthai Agamu lihio, navasaya asI sayAo vIrAo / / isase spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki zramaNa saMgha ne AcArya devaddhigaNI kI nizrA meM vIni 980 me vADamaya ko pustakArUr3ha kiyA thA / unake isa punIta prayatna se Agama-jJAna kI dhArA surakSita rahI / uttaravartI paramparA upakRta huI / Aja jana zAsana se jo Agamama-nidhi surakSita hai, usakA zreya devagaNI kSamAzramaNa ke dUradarzitA pUrNa satprayatnoM ko hI he / zvetAmbara paramparA ke anusAra bhagavAna mahAvIra ke sattAIsa pATa taka AcAra-vicAra ko

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mAgama vAcanA itihAsa-yAtrA 151 zuddha paraparA rahI thii| zrI devaddhigaNI sattAbIsaveM AcArya hue haiN| ata zvetAmbara AmnAya kI sabhI zAkhA-prazAkhAo ke lie ve namasya haiN| unake prayatna praNamya haiN| yaha huI Agama-vAGmaya kI surakSA ke upAyo kI carcA / jaina samAja hI nahIM, pUrA adhyAtma jagat una AcAryoM kA RNI hai, jinhone zruta-jJAna kI mazAla ko samaya ke usa nAjuka daura me bhI apanI zraddhA kI oTa me rakhakara bujhane se uvAra liyA, jaba paristhitiyo kA jhajhAvAta use vujhAne kI pUrI taiyArI meM thA / pAThako ke mana me eka prazna jarUra uTha rahA hogA ki pustakArUr3ha to dasavI zatAbdI me kiyA gyaa| isase pUrva jJAna kI isa vizAla thAtI ko mAtra kaThAgra rakhakara yA smRti-koSThako me bharakara kaise surakSita rakhA gayA ? isa prazna kA samAdhAna zarIra-zAstrIya aura parA-mAnasa zAstrIya adhyayana se spaSTa ho sakatA hai / Adhunika khojo ne yaha siddha kara diyA hai ki mAnava mastiSka zakti kA akSaya koSa hai / usame aise tattva nihita haiM jinake AdhAra para bIsa araba pRSTho se bhI adhika jJAna-bhaDAra ko surakSita rakhA jA sakatA hai| kucha vaijJAniko ne yahA taka ghoSaNA kI hai ki manuSya-mastiSka me itane smRti-prakoSTha haiM, jiname samagra vizva kA sAhitya sagRhita kiyA jA sakatA hai| duniyA ke sabhI pustakAlayo kA jJAna bharA jA sakatA hai| kintu deza, kAla Adi paristhitiyo kI pratikUlatA ne mAnavIya mastiSka kI una kSamatAo para tIvra prahAra kiyA, jisase smRti kSINa huI aura usake sAtha pravAhita hone vAlI jJAna-gagA kI dhArA bhI simaTane lgii| sarvanAza ke una kSaNo me bhI jinhoMne advitIya AtmavizvAsa ke sAtha Agama-vAGmaya ke prakAza ko bacAyA, zruta kI srotasvinI ke savAhaka bane, ve mahAn AcArya jaina-zAsana me abhinadanIya bana gae / unake sAnidhya me sapanna hone galI Agama-vAcanAe itihAsa kI amara gAthAe vana gaI / vartamAna meM yugapradhAna vAcanA-pramukha gaNAdhipati gurudeva tulasI aura AcAryazrI mahAprajJa ke netRtva me Agama-sapAdana kA adbhuta kArya ho rahA hai / yaha bhI apanI koTi kI apUrva vAcanA hai| isa vAcanA kA krama cAla hai / athAha AdhyAtmika UrjA ke mahAsrota gurudeva zrI tulasI aura bhAratIya manISA ke zikharapurupa AcAryazrI mahAprajJa ke prakhara puruSArtha ke sAtha unake aneka prabuddha ziSya-ziSyAo ke zrama se sapAdita ADagama vAmaya, niSpakSa dRSTi se nirdhArita zuddha pATha, saskRta rUpAtaraNa, Adhunika hindI anuvAda tathA vistRta pAda-TippaNo ke sAtha jaina vizva bhAratI dvArA prakAzita hokara nava vidvAno ke hAtho meM pahucA to unhone ise bIsavI sadI kI mahAn upalabdhi ke rUpa me svIkAra kiyaa| Agama-sapAdana ke isa mahAn anuSThAno ko nirvivAda rUpa se 'pAcavI AgamavAcanA' kahA jA sakatA hai /

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vaizAlI gaNataMtra ke adhyakSa jaina samrATa ceTaka vaizAlI gaNarAjya mahAvIra ke yuga meM uttara-bhArata me rAjatatrIya aura gaNatatrIya dono prakAra kI sattAe vikasita ho cukI thI / vatsa, avantI, magadha aura kauzala -ye usa samaya ke rAjatanIya yA ekatatrIya rAjya the| unakI zakti aparimita thI / ve sAmrAjyavAda kI balavatI bhAvanA se ota-prota the| inake atirikta anyAnya sabhI sabhAgo me gaNarAjya yA saMgharAjya sthApita the| ye gaNarAjya rAjatatravAda ke prabala virodhI the / yadyapi inakI zAsana-praNAlI pUrNata janatatrAtmaka nahI thI, kintu use vartamAna kI janatatrIya praNAlI kA Adi rUpa mAneM to koI Apatti nahI hogii| vaizAlI gaNatatra ke saMcAlaka sadasyo kI vizAla sakhyA ke AdhAra para pratIta hotA hai ki yaha pUre rASTra ke pratyeka varga kA pratinidhitva karatI thii| isa mAne me vaha janatatrAtmaka sabhA thI / lekina vartamAna zAsana-praNAlI ke sAtha tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane se patA calatA hai ki usa yuga ke gaNarAjya na to pUre ekatatrIya rAjya the, na pUre prajAtatrIya / usake pratinidhi janatA dvArA cune gae vyakti nahIM hote the / apitu kitane hI kabIle milakara usakA sacAlana karate the| kAtyAyana ke anusAra gaNarAjya vaha zAsana-praNAlI hai jisako eka viziSTa kSatrIya varga saMcAlita karatA hai / ata janatantra kA antara spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki janatatra ayavA vartamAna bhArata kA gaNatatra jahA janatA dvArA cune gaye pratinidhiyo kA zAsana hai vahA prAcIna gaNarAjya vizeSAdhikAra prApta vyaktiyo dvArA sacAlita hote the / vaizAlI gaNarAjya ke savidhAna ke AdhAra para Adhunika vidvAno kA yaha abhimata puSTa ho rahA hai ki tatkAlIna gaNo me kulIna-tatrAtmaka rAjyavyavasthA thii| phira bhI ukta gaNarAjya prajAtatra ke adhika abhimukha the| ullikhita gaNo me rAjanaitika rUpa se sabase prasiddha gaNa vajjiyo (licchaviyo) kA thaa| vaha nau sammilita kabIlo kA eka zaktizAlI sagha thA / vaha sagha gaNatatrIya vicAro kA pramukha kendra thaa| isa jAti ko apanI isa viziSTa rAjanaitika vyavasthA para gaurava thaa| apanI prabhutA kI surakSA ke lie ise samaya-samaya para mahAn balidAna bhI karane par3e the| saMthAgAra aura ceTaka licchavI kSatriyo dvArA zAsita vajjisagha usa yuga kA eka Adarza

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vaizAlI gaNaNatra ke adhyakSa jaina samrAT ceTaka 153 aura prakhyAta gaNatatrIya rASTra thA / usakA vidhi-vidhAna Aja kI janatatrIya praNAlI se bahuta kucha milatA-julatA thaa| janatA yA nAgariko ke pratinidhi rAjA kahalAte the| unakA sthAna vartamAna ke sasada-sadasyo-vidhAyako ke samakakSa thA / ve vaizAlI ke sathAgAra me baiThakara gaNatatrIya paddhati se rAjanaitika, sAmAjika, dhArmika Adi samasyAo para vicAra-vimarza karate the / gaNarAjya kI sacAlana-vidhiyo ke mukhya kendra sathAgAra hote the| ve pramukha nagaro me hote the / gaNa-bhavano me kendrIya adhivezana hote the| yaha sathAgAra vastuta lokasabhA kA hI pUrva rUpa kahA jA sakatA hai| sathAgAro me pArita adhiniyamo ko hI rAjA tathA matrImaDala kriyAnvita karatA thaa| rASTrIya, antarrASTrIya, nAgarika, sAmAjika, Arthika Adi sabhI samasyAe yahI sulajhAI jAtI thii| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pitA siddhArtha bhI uname se eka the, aisA kaI itihAsakAra mAnate haiM / ve sabhI sadasya apane kSetra ke pratinidhi hote the, jo una-una kSetro ke adhipati ghoSita kie jAte the / una sabhI sadasyo kI ekatA aura prema anukaraNIya thA / ve paraspara kisI ko hIna yA ucca nahI mAnate the| sabhI apane Apako ahama rAjA mAnate the / vaizAlI me inake alagaalaga prAsAda, ArAma Adi the| ina rAjAo kI zAsana-sabhA sagha-sabhA kahalAtI thii| inakA gaNatatra vajjI sagha yA licchavI sagha kahalAtA thaa| isa sagha me 9-9 licchaviyo kI do-do upa-samitiyA thii| eka nyAya kArya sabhAlatI thI aura dUsarI pararASTra-kArya ko| isa dUsarI samiti ne mallavI, licchavI aura kAzI-kauzala ke gaNa rAjAo kA sagaThana banAyA thA, jisake adhyakSa ye mahArAja ceTaka / rAjyAdhyakSa banAma dharmAdhyakSa jaina itihAsa meM mahArAja ceTaka ko atyanta gauravapUrNa sthAna prApta hai / bhAratIya jana-mAnasa me Aja bhI unake prati Adara ke bhAva haiN| vaha isalie nahIM ki mahArAja ceTaka tIthaMkara mahAvIra ke mAmA the yA bahuta vaDe zAsaka the, apitu isalie ki eka zAsaka ke sammAnapUrNa pada para pratiSThita hote hue bhI unakA jIvana adhyAtma se anuprANita thaa| ve sattA ke bala para dhama-nIti para chAe nahIM, apitu unhoMne rAjanIti ko dhamanIti ke anusAra sacAlita kiyaa| unhone apane gaNatatra ko jaina siddhAto ko prayoga-bhUmi bnaayaa| mAnavIya ekatA, vaicArika svatatratA, samatA, sadbhAvanA aura sahaastitva ke siddhAto ko unhone vyAvahArika rUpa pradAna kiyaa| ve apane yuga ke aitihAsika vyakti the / ve mahAvIra ke parama bhakta aura dRr3hadhI upAsaka the / unakI dhArmikatA aura mahatA kI chApa pUre pari

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154 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat vAra para thii| unakA sArA parivAra jaina darzana aura siddhAto ke prati AsthAvAna thaa| unake sAta kanyAyeM thI jo parama vidUpI aura Adarza nAriyA thii| ve apane pitA ke Adarza saskAro me DhalI huI thii| rAjA ceTaka kI yaha pratijJA thI ki vaha apanI kanyAo ko sArmika rAjAo ke sAtha hI byaahegaa| unhone usa yuga ke prakhyAta rAjAo ke sAtha apanI susaskArI putriyo ko vyAhA / unameM se 1. prabhAvatI-vItabhayapura (siMdhu sauvIra ke) ke rAjA udAyana ko 2 padmAvatI-agadeza ke rAjA dadhivAhana ko 3 mRgAvatI-vatsadeza ke rAjA zatAnIka ko 4 zivA-ujjanI nareza caNDapradyota ko 5 jyeSThA-mahAvIra ke bhrAtA nandIvardhana ko 6 celanA-magadha samrAT zreNika bimbasAra ko byAhI gaI thii| eka kanyA sujyeSThA mahAvIra ke sagha me dIkSita ho gii| yadyapi samrAT zreNika pahale jaina nahI thA, lekina vaha usa zaktizAlI gaNatatra ke sarvocca netA ke sAtha sthAyI maitrI sabadha sthApita karanA cAhatA thA / idhara ceTaka kI putriyo kI sarvaguNasampannatA sarvatra suvizruta thii| __ zreNika ne rAjA ceTaka ke pAsa usakI putrI se vivAha karane kA / prastAva bhejaa| rAjA ceTaka ne vaha svIkAra nahI kiyaa| kyoki vaha apane praNa ke anusAra kisI vidharmI nareza ko apanI putrI nahIM de sakatA thaa| samrAT zreNika ne phira chala-bala se unakI sabase choTI putrI celanA ko pAyA, jise eka Adarza nArI, dRDha zraddhAlu aura tattvajJA zrAvikA ke rUpa me jaina sagha me gauravapUrNa sthAna prApta huaa| vaise ceTaka kI sabhI putriyA apane samaya kI vikhyAta nAriyA huI haiN| jaina paramparA me jina 16 Adarza nAriyo kA varNana AtA hai, ve solaha satiyo ke nAma se jAnI jAtI haiN| uname se cAra to mahArAja ceTaka kI putriyA hI thI, jinake nAma haiM--prabhAvatI, padamAvatI; mRgAvatI aura shivaa| mahArAja ceTaka kA sAmrAjya vaizAlI gaNatatra ke nAma se prasiddha thaa| unake gaNatatra kI apanI virala vizeSatAe thii| gaNa ke sabhI sadasyo meM mataikya, sauhArda, paraspara Adara ke bhAva, apane siddhAto ke prati dRDhatA Adi kI bhAvanA prabala thii| uname rASTrIyatA kI bhAvanA advitIya thii| mahAtmA buddha ne inakI sahiSNutA kI bahuta prazasA kI hai| ceTaka ke dasa putro me se 'siMha' vajjI sagha ke pradhAna senAnAyaka the / rAjA ceTaka vArahavratI zrAvaka the| ve dRr3ha pratijJa the| samarAgaNa me bhI unhe

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vaizAlI gaNatatra ke adhyakSa jaina samrAT ceTaka 155 nihatthe para vAra na karane kA aura eka dina meM eka se adhika bANa na calAne kA sakalpa thA, jisakA pAlana unhone ghora ApatkAlIna sthiti meM bhI kiyaa| ___ apane dohiya kaNika ke sAtha mahArAja ceTaka kA bhISaNa sagrAma huA, jo rathamUsala sagrAma yA mahAzilA-kaTaka sagrAma ke nAma se itihAsa meM prasiddha hai / usa paristhiti me bhI ve apane vrato kI kaThina kasauTI para khare utare / praNa kI surakSA ke lie unhone apane prANo kA balidAna kara diyaa| kavi kI ye paktiyA kitanI sArthaka haiM praNa karanA hai sahaja kaThina hai lekina use nibhAnA, savase vaDI jAca hai, vrata kA antima mola cukaanaa| antima mUlya na diyA agara to aura mUlya denA kyA ? karane lage moha prANo kA to phira praNa lenA kyA? usa pralayakara yuddha me bhI mahArAja ceTaka tathA unake vibhinna senApatiyo ne jisa ahiMsA-niSThA aura viveka kA paricaya diyA, usase jaina dharma ke siddhAta, ahiMsA aura jaina dharmAvalambiyo ke prati jo bhrAta dhAraNAe panapI huI haiM, unakA svata nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai| mahArAja ceTaka kA vyaktitva eka mahAna rAjanayika zakti ke sAtha-sAtha varcasvI ahiMsaka yoddhA ke rUpa me abhivyakta hotA hai / unhone yaha siddha kara diyA ki 0 dharma vyakti ko sAmAjika aura naitika dAyitvo se vimukha nahIM krtaa| 0 ahiMsA kAyaratA nahI, apitu prANa-visarjana kI taiyArI me satata jAgarUka pauruSa hai| 0 ahiMsAvratI anAkramaNa me vizvAsa rakhate haiM, para ve anAkramaNa kI kSamatA se zUnya nahIM hote / hA, ve apanI zakti kA mAnavIya hito ke viruddha prayoga nahIM karate / 0 unake sAmane yuddha kI anivArya-sthiti utpanna kara dI jAtI hai to phira ve apane dAyitva se pIche bhI nahI haTate haiM / mahArAja ceTaka ke gaNarAjya me jainadharma kA samucita prasAra huA thA / gaNarAjya ke aThAraha sadasya-napa nau mallavI aura no licchavI bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke samaya vahI pauSadha kiye hue the|

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mahAn jaina nareza : magadha samrATa zreNika zreNika jaina the yA bauddha ? mahAvIrakAlIna cAra rAjatatrIya rAjyo me magadha sAmrAjya sarvAdhika zakti-sapanna thaa| usake zAsaka the samrAT zreNika / hindU, bauddha aura jainaina tIno hI bhAratIya dharma-paramparAo me unakA ullekha hai / sabhI saMpradAyo dvArA unhe apane dharma kA anuyAyI ghopita kiyA gayA hai, bauddha sAhitya me to unake bauddha hone ke itane savala pramANa upalabdha haiM ki sahasA una para vizvAsa hue binA nahIM rhtaa| lekina aitihAsika chAna-bIna se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki samrAT zreNika pitR-paramparA se hI jaina the / ho sakatA hai, apane nirvAsana-kAla me ve kisI anya sampradAya ke samparka me gaye ho, usase prabhAvita hue ho, aura jaina-dharma ke prati udAsInatA rakhane lage ho / sabhavata usI ukhaDI huI AsthA ko jaina-dharma me puna pratiSThita karane ke lie hI mahArAnI celanA ko bhArI prayatna karane par3e the| vaha sampradAya "bauddha" bhI ho sakatA hai, koI anya bhii| lekina sivAya isake ki ve bauddha dharma se bhI sahAnubhUti aura sauhArda rakhate the, koI bhI puSTa pramANa nahI milatA, jisase unhe bauddha mAnA jA sake / hA, yaha to hara jana-priya zAsaka ke lie anivArya hotA hai ki vaha saba dharmoM kA Adara kare aura sabako phalane-phUlane kA avasara de / isake viparIta aise aneka-aneka pramANa tathA ullekha jaina pratho me upalabdha haiM, jinake AdhAra para unakA jaina honA to nirvivAda siddha ho hI jAtA hai, sAtha hI sAtha unake dvArA dI gaI jaina-dharma kI apUrva sevAo kI bhI avagati milatI hai / unakA vaidika purANo me vidhisAra, bauddha piTako me bimbasAra aura jaina-sAhitya me zreNika bhabhAsAra ke nAmo se samullekha huA hai / unake pitA kA nAma hiMdU purANo me zizunAga yA zaizunAka tathA bauddha grantho aura jaina anuzrutiyo me upazreNika milatA hai / zreNika ke kumArakAla meM hI unake pitA ne kisI kAraNa se kupita hokara unheM rAjya se nirvAsita kara diyA thaa| nirvAsana-kAla me unhone dezATana kara deza-dezAntaro ke anubhava prApta kie| isI kAla me ve sabhavata katipaya jainetara sAdhuo ke saparka me ge| unake bhakta bane aura jana-dharma se vidveSa bhI karane lage, kiMtu thoDe hI samaya me unhone apane dRSTikoNa aura jIvana kI dizA ko moDa liyA thaa| ve mahAvIra ke kaivalya-prApti ke pUrva hI puna jaina bana gaye the|

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mahAn jaina nareza magadha samrAT zreNika 157 pazcAt ceTaka - apane jyeSTha bhrAtA cilAtI-putra ke jaina zramaNa bana jAne ke lagabhaga I0pU0 (587-889) me ve magadha - siMhAsana para ArUDha hue / sutA calanA zreNika kI agramahiSI thI / anuzrutiyo ke AdhAra para celanA se vivAha ke samaya zreNika bauddha dharma se prabhAvita the / isalie pramukha jaina zrAvaka ceTaka ne apanI pratijJAnusAra apanI kanyA ko eka vidharmI rAjA ko dene se inkAra kara diyaa| lekina zreNika ne chala - pUrvaka celanA ko prApta kara liyA / celanA kI jaina-dharma ke prati ananya AsthA thI / jaina banAne ke aneka prayatna kiye / tathA samrAT ne use raganA cAhA / para koI kisI ko jhukA nahI sakA / eka dina samrAT mahAnigraMtha anAthI ko dhyAna-lIna dekhA / nikaTa gyaa| vArtAlApa kiyA aura anta me jaina bana gayA / usake pazcAta zreNika kA jaina pravacana ke sAtha usane samrAT ko vauddha dharma ke raMga me ghaniSTha sambandha juDa gayA jaina dharma ke prati puna AsthA sabhavata bhagavAn mahAvIra ke kaivalya-lAbha se pUrva hI zreNika kI AsthA puna jaina dharma me kendrita ho gaI thI / jaina AgamoM ke anusAra unake jaina dharma se prabhAvita hone kA nimitta banA thA - jaina muni anAthI kA prathama saparka | Tapaka rahI thI / ve zramaNa para dRSTi vana- krIDA ke lie gaye hue zreNika ne "maNDikukSi" nAmaka ramaNIya udyAna me eka taruNa jaina zramaNa ko dekhA / unakA zarIra sukomala thA / AkRti bhavya thI / mukha se asIma saumyatA aura zAti eka vRkSa ke nIce dhyAna mudrA me baiThe the / jyohI una taruNa TikI, magadha samrAT ke mukha se anAyAsa zabda mukharita hueaho vaSNo ahorUva, aho ajjassa somayA / aho khantI aho muttI, aho moge asagayA // kaisA varNa ? kaisA rUpa ? isa Arya kI kaisI saumyatA ? kaisI kSmA ? kaisA tyAga ? kaisI inakI bhoganispRhatA ? muni ke AkarSaNa se AkRSTa zreNika unake nikaTa gaye aura AzcaryaM bharI vANI se pUchane lage - Arya | Apa to abhI taruNa hai, ata abhI to Apake bhogopabhoga kA samaya hai / yaha virAga kA nahI, anurAga kA samaya hai / tyAga kA nahI, bhoga kA samaya hai / yoga kA nahI hara viSaya ke prayoga kA samaya hai / mujhe Azcarya hotA hai, isa javAnI me bhI Apa kyo sanyAsI vana gaye haiM / muni ne kahA - "rAjan / meM janAya thA / " bAie - Aja ne meM rAjA - " Apa jaise buddhimAna bhI anAva

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jainadharmaM jIvana aura jagat 158 ApakA nAtha banatA hU / choDiye isa kaSTa - sAdhya sAdhanA aura kaThina tapasyA ko / sasAra me praveza kareM aura jIvana kA sahI Ananda lUTeM / muni - "rAjan ' Apa svaya bhI anAtha haiM / phira kaise baneMge mere nAtha ?" samrAT zreNika Azcarya me DUba gaye / ve samajha nahI rahe the muni kI rahasya-bharI bAta / mere jaisA apAra vibhutA kA svAmI bhI yadi anAtha hogA to phira dIna-dukhiyo kA kyA hogA ? * jijJAsA ke svara me samrAT ne anAthatA kI paribhASA aura muni kI anAthatA kA kAraNa puuchaa| muni ne kahA- 'maiM kauzAmbI nagarI ke eka dhanakubera pitA kA putra thA / bharA-pUrA parivAra thA / sukha-samRddhi kA sAgara laharA rahA thA / eka bAra merI Akho me bhayakara pIDA aura zarIra me dAhajvara utpanna ho gayA / hara sabhava upacAra asaphala hotA gayA / pitA mere lie saba kucha nyochAvara karane ke lie prastuta the / phira bhI mujhe roga mukta nahI kara sake / mamatAmayI mA, sage bhAI - bahineM tathA prANapriyA patniyA bhI golI palako se merI ora nihAratI rahI, para koI bhI usa asahya pIDA se mujhe nahI ubAra sakA / rAjan | yaha merI anAthatA thI / isa prakAra maiMne svaya ko saba taraha se anAtha pAkara anta me dharma kI zaraNa lii| maiMne dRDha sakalpa kiyA- "yadi isa vyAdhi se mukta ho jAU to anagAra dharma ko svIkAra karU / " agale hI dina pIDA zAta ho gaI, aura meM dharma kI zaraNa me A gayA / svayaM svayaM kA nAtha bana gayA / " 1 sAdhutva svIkAra kara usakA samyak pAlana na karane vAle tathAkathita sAdhako ko bhI mahAnigraMtha anAthI ne anAtha batAyA / aura pratibodha kI bhASA me zreNika se kahA - medhAvin | jJAna-guNopapeta isa subhASita anuzAsana ko sunakara aura kuzIlajano ke mArga kA sarvathA parityAga kara tuma mahAnirgratho (tIrthaMkaroM) ke patha kA anusaraNa karo / aimA kara tuma bhI svaya ke nAtha vana jAoge, apane svAmI bana jAoge | yaha sunakara magadharAja zreNika bahuta prasanna hue / ajali-baddha hokara kRtajJatA jJApita karate hue unhone kahA - " mahAmune / Apane mujhe anAyatA kA samyag bodha diyA / ApakA janma saphala hai / Apa hI sahI artha me sanAtha aura savadhu haiM / kyoki Apa sarvottama jinamArga me avasthita haiM / maiMne Apako viSaya-bhogo ke lie nimaMtrita kiyA / Apake dhyAna me vighna upasthita kiyA / isake lie maiM kSamAprArthI hU / mai ApakA anuzAsana svIkAra karatA h / " usake anantara magadha samrAT zreNika mahAnigraMtha anAthI ko praNAma kara saMvandhu aura saparijana dharma me anurakta hue / anAthI nigraMtha se dharma-bodha milane ke pazcAt jaina-dharmaM ke sAtha samrAT zreNika kI ghaniSTatA uttarottara baDhatI gaI / bhagavAn mahAvIra ke

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mahAn jaina nareza magadha samrAT zreNika 159 kaivalya-lAbha ke pazcAt unake prati zreNika kI ananya bhakti aura pragADha zraddhA ke aneka udAharaNa jaina Agama sAhitya me ullikhita haiM / jijJAsu zrAvaka zreNika kI jaina dharma ke prati gaharI anurakti ne jana-sAdhAraNa ko prabhAvita kiyaa| bhakti ne bhagavAn ko rijhaayaa| rAjagaha kI urvarA dharatI se uThane vAlI adhyAtma krAti kI sabhAvanAo ke kAraNa hI zreNika ke samaya bhagavAna mahAvIra ne rAjagaha me varSAvAsa vitAye the| samrAT theNika usa samaya prAya niyamita rUpa se samavasaraNa me upasthita hote / vyAkhyAna zravaNa karate samaya unaka mAnasa me jo bhI jijJAsAe ubharatI, bhagavAna ke sAmana prastuta karate aura unakA samucita samAdhAna prApta kara atyAta AlhAdita hote / ___ bhagavAn mahAvIra aura zreNika ke aneka sasmaraNa Aja bhI jainavADamaya me gumphita haiN| uname zreNika kA jijJAsu rUpa prakharatA se abhivyakta huA hai / eka jaina sampradAya kI to yahA taka mAnyatA hai ki rAjA zreNika ne bhagavAn mahAvIra se 60 hajAra prazna pUche aura bhagavAn ne unakA samAdhAna kiyaa| bhAvI tIrthakara eka vAra samrAT zreNika mahAvIra ke samavasaraNa me pravacana muna rahe the / eka kuSThI unakI bagala meM baiThA thaa| usane mahAvIra ko dekhakara kahA-"mara re / " zreNika se kahA-"jI re|" abhayakumAra se kahA"cAhe jI cAhe mara / " kAlazaukarika kasAI bhI udhara se hokara gujarA, kuSThI ne usakI ora saketa kara kahA-"na mara, na jii|" yaha asambaddha pralApa sunakara zreNika ke saMniko ne use pakaDanA cAhA / para vaha dekhate-dekhate hI antarikSa me vilIna ho gayA / Nika ne isa deva mAyA ke bAre meM jAnane kI utsukatA vyakta kI / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA-gheNaki yaha duSThI ke rUpa meM devarAja indra yaa| isane jo kucha kahA- yathArtha kahA hai| jaine muke marane ke lie kahA-vaha isalie ki mere Age mokSa hai| tujhe jIne pe lie kahA - kyoki tumhAre lie Age naraka hai| abhayakumAra kA yaha jIvana paviya hai / vaha parama dhArmika hai aura usake lie Age bhI sadgati hai, svayaM hai ina dRSTi se usakA maranA aura jInA dono hI zubha hai| kAlagokarika kA yaha jIvana nI bIbhatsa hai aura jagalA bhI bIbhatla hogaa| vaha jAge naraka me jaaegaa| isalie usase kahA "na jI, na mr|" arthAt terA jInA aura maranA dono hI azubha haiN| apane naraka-gamana kI bAta sunakara ghenika landha raha gye| unhone kahA-prabho ! ApakA bhakta hokara bhI -

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160 jainadharma : jIvana aura jagat jAUgA ? kyA ApakI paryapAsanA kA yahI phala milegA? bhagavAn ne kahA-rAjan / aisA nahIM hai / naraka kA AyuSya to tUne mRgayA-gRddhi ke kAraNa pahale hI bAdha rakhA hai| merI paryupAsanA kA phala to yaha hai ki tuma naraka se nikala kara mere ho samAna tIrthakara vanoga / jaise maiM isa yuga kA antima tIrthakara hU~, vaise hI tU vikAsazIla yuga kA prathama tIrthakara hogaa| yaha magala savAda sunakara zreNika kA mana ullAsa se bhara gayA / usane prArthanA kI-"bhagavana / aisA bhI koI upAya hai jisase merI narakayAtrA Tala sake ?' bhagavAn ne kahA-"zreNika ? yadi kapila nAma kI brAhmaNI dAna de, kAlazaukarika kasAI pratidina kI jAne vAlI 500 bhaiso kI hiMsA choDa de aura tuma pUNiyA zrAvaka kI sAmAyika-sAdhanA kharIda sako to tumhArI naraka-yAtrA Tala sakatI hai|" zreNika ke mana me itanI chaTapaTAhaTa lagI huI thI apane uddhAra ke lie ki vaha hara sabhava prayatna karane ko taiyAra thaa| lekina zreNika kI bAta na kapilA ne mAnI, na kAlazaukarika ne| rAjA ne apanI sattA ke bala para aisA karavAnA cAhA, para saphalatA nahI milii| kapilA ne rAjAjJA se dAna diyA, para binA mana ke / isalie usane kahA-yaha dAna maiM nahIM de rahI hU, rAjA hI de rahe haiM / kAlazaukarika ko kue me DAla diyA gayA, para vaha vahA bhI miTTI ke bhaise banAkara mArane lgaa| zreNika aba bhI nirAza nahI thA / vaha svaya bhagavAn ke parama upAsaka samatA ke viziSTa sAdhaka "pUNiyA" zrAvaka ke pAsa gayA aura kahAmahAzrAvaka | mujhe tumhArI eka sAmAyika kI AvazyakatA hai, mAtra eka sAmAyika kii| mahAprabhu ne tumhArI sAmAyika-sAdhanA kI bahuta sarAhanA kI hai / isame itanI zakti hai ki usame merI naraka-yAtrA Tala jaayegii| zrAvaka pravara ! ___ anugraha karo, apanI eka sAmAyika mujhe do aura usakA jitanA mUlya ho mere rAjya-koSa se adA kro| zrAvaka ne mana hI mana muskarAte hue kahA-narapugava / jina bhagavAn ne Apako sAmAyika kharIdane kA nirdeza diyA hai, usakA mUlya bhI ve hI btaayeNge| jo mUlya hogA, vaha Apa pUcha Aiye, maiM Apako sAmAyika de dgaa| maiMne Aja taka yaha dhadhA kiyA nahI samrAT harSa se uchalatA huA prabhu ke caraNo me pahucA aura bolA

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mahAn jaina nareza : magadha samrAT zreNika 161 bhagavan / pUrNiyA zrAvaka apanI sAmAyika dene ko taiyAra hai| usane kahA hai ki sAmAyika kA jo mUlya bhagavAn batAyeMge utane meM hI hama saudA kara leMge | prabho / vatAie sAmAyika kA mUlya kyA honA cAhiye / bhagavAn ne kahA--"zreNika | pUNiyA zrAvaka to sAmAyika dene ke lie taiyAra ho gayA hai lekina use kharIda pAnA tere lie kaThina hai / " zreNika cauka paDA / "bhagavan / magadha samrATa ke lie bhI koI saudA kaThina ho sakatA hai ? prabho / jisa sAmAyika ke dvArA merI naraka-yAtrA aura ghora yAtanAe Tala sakatI haiM, usake lie meM mere sapUrNa kopa ko bhI luTA sakatA hU / " 1 zreNika | tuma apane kopa kI bAta kara rahe ho, lekina usakI sAmAyika ke sAmane kopa to kyA tumhArA sapUrNa sAmrAjya bhI tuccha aura nagaNya hai / tuma yadi dharatI se candraloka taka bhI svarNa aura maNimuktAo kA Dhera lagA do, to bhI sAmAyika kA mUlya to kyA, usakI dalAlI kA mUlya bhI pUrA nahI ho sakatA | yaha sunakara zreNika ThagAThagA sA raha gayA / usakI AzAo para tuSArApAta ho gayA / bhagavAn ne pratibodha kI bhASA me kahA - bhautika aizvarya ke dvArA AdhyAtmika Ananda kabhI kharIdA nahIM jA sakatA / sAdhanA ke dvArA hI usa parama tattva kI anubhUti ho sakatI hai / dUsarI bAta, sAdhanA svayaM ke dvArA hI hotI hai, dUsare kI acchI aura burI pravRtti dUsare ke hita aura ahita kA pratyakSa nimitta nahI bana sakatI / zreNika / saghana karma ke vipAka svarUpa yaha naraka yAtrA avazyabhAvinI hai, use bhoganA hI hogA / kintu tuma nirAza mata bano / AgAmI caubIsI me tuma prathama tIrthaMkara banoge / vahA tumhAre aura mere bIca kI khAI mamAna ho jAegI / parama dharmAnurAgI samrAT zreNika apanI zakti ke anusAra dharma-sAdhanA karate ho the / sAtha-sAtha dUsaro ko bhI isa kSetra me prerita karate rahate the / unakA tAdhanika vAtsalya anukaraNIya thA / mumukSu aura virakta vyaktiyoM ko sAdhanA ke kSetra me utane aura jAgeDhane ke lie ve apanI jAra se hara mabhava sahayoga dete the / eka vAra zreNika ne apane rAjya, parivAra, sAmantoM tathA maMtriyoM bIca ghoSaNA karavAI ki koI bhI vyakti bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pAsa dIkSA grahaNa karanA cAhe to maiM use rokUMgA nahIM /

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Avepatya para upa .. aipayojaka bhikSu cetanA paripada,gagAzahara jainadharma . jIvana aura jagata eka bAra unhone pUre nagara me udghoSaNA karavAyI ki "koI bhI vyakti bhagavAn mahAvIra ke zAsana me dIkSita honA cAhe, vaha khuzI se aisA kara sakatA hai| usake dIkSA-mahotsava kI pUrI vyavasthA maiM kruugaa| yadi kisI ke bharaNa-poSaNa karane yogya kuTamba parivAra na ho to usake bharaNapoSaNa kI ciMtA aura vyavasthA svaya maiM kruugaa|" rAjA zreNika kI isa ghoSaNA kA bahuta hI sundara prabhAva pdd'aa| unake aneka rAjakumAra, rAjarAniyA tathA anya mumukSu nAgarika sotsAha sayama-patha para agrasara hue| uparokta dIkSA-samAroho me samrAT svaya upasthita rahate the| una magalamaya dRzyo ko dekhakara ve hArdika prasannatA kA anubhava karate the| isase pUrva bhI zreNika apane medhAvI, honahAra pratibhA sampanna eva prazAsanika vyavasthAo me ananya sahayogI rAjakumAra abhaya, (jo unakA mahAmatrI bhI thA) ko tathA meghakumAra, nandIsena Adi aneka rAjakumAro ko dharmasagha me samarpita kara cuke the / ___samrAT zreNika kI jaina zAsana ke prati Atarika abhiruci, jaina siddhAto ke prati aTUTa AsthA tathA bhagavAn mahAvIra ke prati apUrva bhakti sacamuca hI jaina-dharma kI prabhAvanA kA prabala nimitta banI thii| jaina-dharma ke pracAra-prasAra me samrAT kI bhUmikA bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa rahI / rAjA kI isa dharmAnurAgitA se unakI prajA prabhAvita hue binA kaise raha sakatI thii| yahI kAraNa thA zreNika ke yuga me rAjagRha jaina dharma kA pramukha kendra bana gayA thA / unake prabhAva se jahA rAjaparivAra jaina dharma se anurakta huA, usake variSTha sadasya mahAvIra ke sadasya bane, vahA dhannA aura zAlibhadra jaise dhana-kuvera aura sammAnya zreSThI-putro ne bhI unake sagha kI Atarika sadasyatA svIkAra kii| rohiNeya cora kI jIvana-dizA badalI to eka lakaDahAre kA jIvana bhI divya Aloka se jagamagA utthaa| zreNika eka mahApratApI aura vijayI samrATa the| unhone apanI prazAsanika kuzalatA, rAjanItijJatA, dUradarzitA aura puruSArtha-parAyaNatA se apane sAmrAjya kA vistAra kiyA, use zaktizAlI banAyA / tatkAlIna zakti-sampanna rAjAo eva rAjyo ke sAtha unhone maitrIpUrNa sambandha sthApita kara lie the| yadyapi avantI-nareza caNDapradyota unakA prabala pratidvandvI yA / lekina vaha kAphI dUra thaa| magadha kI baDhatI huI zakti ko rokane kA sAhasa vaha nahI kara sakatA thaa| isalie zreNika ko apanI

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mahAn jaina nareza . magadha samrAT zreNika 163 zakti jora prabhAva ko bar3hAne kA sundara avasara prApta ho gayA aura usa samaya uma avasara kA lAbha unhone atyanta vilakSaNatA se uThAyA / ve apane deza kI zAti-suvyavasthA aura samRddhi ke lie bahuta jAgarUka the / aneka videzI rAjyo ke sAtha bhI unhone maitrI samvandha sthApita kie aura bhagavAn mahAvIra kA maMgala sadeza bhI vahA taka pahucAyA / IrAnI samrATa kurupa ( I0 pU0 556-531 ) ke sAtha to unake maMtrI - samvandha kAphI pragADha the / usake sAtha rAjanaitika AdAna-pradAna bhI huA karatA thA / samrATa kurUpa kA eka putra ArdrakumAra rAjakumAra abhaya kA mizra thA / abhaya ne jaina muniyo yA zrAvako ke kAma me Ane vAle katipaya dharmaupakaraNa ArdrakumAra ko premopahAra me bheje, jisase pratibuddha hokara vaha rAjagRha AyA aura bhagavAn mahAvIra kA ziSya vana gyaa| ArdrakumAra kI prajJA nirmala thI / vaha tArkika aura siddhAtavAdI bhI thA anyatIrthiyo ke sAtha usake nirbhaya carcA prasaga jainAgamo meM kAphI mAtrA me upalabdha haiM / samrAT zreNika ne vibhinna vyavasAyo vyApAro aura udyogo ko vibhinna zreNiyo yA nigamo me saMgaThita kiyA / kahate haiM isI kAraNa se unakA nAma zreNika pracalita huA / unhoMne kaI aisI sasthAoM kI pratiSThA kI jo janatantrAtmaka paddhati se apanI pravRttiyo ko pUrNa svatantratA se calAtI thI / rAjya dvArA bhI magadha sAmrAjya ke vyavasAya mora udyoga - ghadho ko bhArI protsAhana milA thA / ve zreNiyA hI Age calakara vividha jAtiyo me pariNata huI - aisA aneka vidvAno kA abhimata hai / samrAT zreNika eka kuzala zAsaka the / jaina - sAhitya ke adhyayana se patA calatA hai ki unake rAjya me kisI prakAra kI anIti aura bhaya nahI thA / prajA zAnta, sukhI aura dhArmika thii| rAjA zreNika janapado ke pratipAlaka aura prajA - vatsala the / ve dayAzIla, maryAdAzIla, dAnavIra, aura mahAn nirmAtA the / unhone apanI rAjadhAnI rAjagRha kA nava nirmANa kiyA thaa| zreNika ne 52 varSa paryanta magadha kA zAsana kiyaa| unake netRtva me magadha ne sarvAMgINa pragati kI / unake zAsana kAla me jaina dharma kA abhUtapUrva utkarSa huA / anta me zreNika ne celanA se utpanna apane putra kUNika (bhajAtazatru) ko rAja-pATa sauMpa kara ekAta me dharma- dhyAna pUrvaka zeSa jIvana vitAne kA nizcaya kiyA / bauddha bhikSu devadatta ke bahakAne para kUNika ne apane pitA ko bandI banA liyA aura svayaM rAjagaddI para baiTha gayA /

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164 jainadharma jIvana aura jagat phira apanI mA dvArA apane prati pitA ke pragADha sneha-kI ghaTanA sunakara usakA mana glAni aura pazcAttApa se bhara gayA / vaha tatkAla pitA ko bandhana-mukta karane aura kSamA mAgane ke lie dauddaa| usake hAtha me hathauDA thA / zreNika ne socA yaha mujhe mArane ke lie A rahA hai| unhone tatkAla tAlapuTa viza khAkara AtmahatyA kara lii| kaNika jaba nikaTa gayA to unake prANa pakherU uDa cuke the| ___ isa prakAra I0 pU0 535 me mahAn pratApI aura dharmAtmA nareza eva bhArata ke prathama aitihAsika samrATa kA dukhada prANAta huaa|

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jainadharma . jIvana aura jagat usake dRSTikoNa aura caritra me vikAra utpanna karate haiN| ve AtmA kI zakti ko skhalita karate haiN| kucha karma-paramANa zarIra- maNi aura paudgalika upalabdhi ke hetu banate haiM / isa prakAra Azva bandha kA nirmANa karatA hai| bandha puNya-karma aura pApa-karma dvArA AtmA ko prabhAvita karatA hai / karmaprabhAvita AtmA hI janma-maraNa kI paramparA ko Age baDhAtI hai / janma-maraNa kI yAtrA hI sasAra hai| usakA hetu hai---Azrava / Adhava karmAkarSaNaheturAtmapariNAma mAdhavaH / -jaina siddhAMta dIpikA 4/16 karma-AkarSaNa ke hetubhUta Atma-pariNAma ko Azrava kahate haiM / Azrava cetanA ke cheda haiN| unake dvArA vijAtIya tattva-karma raje nirantara AtmA me praveza karatI rahatI haiM / Azrava ko rUpaka kI bhASA me samajhAyA gayA hai| jaise naukA me cheda hote haiM, tAlAba ke nAlA hotA hai, makAna ke dvAra hote haiM, vaise hI AtmA ke Azrava hote haiM / Azrava karma grahaNa karane vAle AtmapariNAma haiM / AtmA kI avasthA hai, isIlie jIva hai / Azrava pAca haiM -- 1 mithyAtva Azrava-viparita zraddhA, tattva ke prati aruci / 2. avirita Azrava-paudgalika sukho ke prati avyakta lAlasA / 3 pramAda Azrava-dharmAcaraNa ke prati anutsAha, Atma-vismRti / 4 kaSAya Azrava-AtmA kI Atarika uttapti / 5 yoga Azrava-mana, vacana aura kAya kI cacalatA, pravRtti / mithyAtva Azrava atattva me tattva kA sajJAna, amokSa me mokSa kA sajJAna tathA adharma meM dharma kA sajJAna mithyAtva kahalAtA hai| mithyAtva se prANI kI cetanA muDha hotI hai / usase dRSTikoNa mithyA hotA hai / mithyAtvI viparIta mAnyatA se dIrgha sasArI ho jAtA hai / use prakAza kI prApti nahIM hotii| vaha jaDa jagat ko apane AkarSaNa kA kendra mAnatA hai / mithyAtva kI tulanA gItA ke tamoguNa se hotI hai / vahA kahA gayA hai ki vaha buddhi tAmamI hotI hai, jo tama se vyApta hokara adharma ko dharma samajhatI hai aura satya ko viparIta mAnatI hai / ___ buddha kI bhASA me vaha dRSTAzrava hai, jo yathArtha me ayathArtha kA darzana karatA hai, tathA ayathArtha me yathArtha kA / patajali ise "avidyA" kahate haiN| mithyAtva kI vidyamAnatA me na to tattvo ke prati zraddhA jAgRta hotI hai aura na satya ke prati bhAkarSaNa / yaha mithyAtva moha ke udaya me satata mUr3ha rahatA

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bandhana aura usake hetu 69 hai| mUDha vyakti dharma ko sahI rUpa meM nahIM jAna sktaa| avirati mAdhava padAyoM ke prati vyakta yA avyakta yAmakti yA nAtarika lAlasA kA nAma virati hai / samyaka darzana bhAva me padArthoM ke prati hone vAlA Anarika nArarpaNa nahIM chuutttaa| satya kI zogha me vAhara kA vikarSaNa yA pirA kA honA atyanta apekSita hai / avirati ke kAraNa AtmA ke pratikSaNa karmoM kA bandhana hotA rahatA hai / pramAda Athava pramAda kA ayaM he Atma-vikAsa ke prati anutmaah| pramAda vyakti ko jAgRta nahIM hone detaa| jAtma-vismRti me pramAda kI jahabhUmikA rahatI hai / zarAba, nIda, vyartha kI bAteM, indriya-viSaya aura pAya-- ye saba pramAda pApa ta hai| manuSya mAmAnyata inhI vRttiyo kI dhurI para dhUmatA rahatA hai / ye pattiyA ume bhItara jhA ne nahIM detii| pramAda jAtaripha mUrchA hai, svaya ko pismRti hai aura hai asti va-bodha ke prati anutlAha / pramAda kA panapa boTe binA adhyAtma kI razmiyA caMtanya-mandira meM praveza nahIM pA maratI / kapAya Azraya jo patti nAtmA ko uttapta karatI hai use "kapAya" kahA jAtA hai| upAya pramAda kA hI eka jagahe, phira nI Aghavo me usakA svatana ulleya hai| isa kAraNa yaha hai ki jAtma-pikAta kI pramika avasthAmo meM pramAda phAiTa nAma para nI pAya prakampana cAlU rahate haiN| usake mUdamAgo ke prati nata hue vinA mukti sanapa nhiiN| papAya ke mukhya aga haiM -prodha, mAna, mAyA aura loga / ra jAtmA ka gura svarUpa kI upalabdhi me vAdhara yoga Adhava jImA para aura mAyA sI pravRtti ko yoga rahata haiN| dAre gadA meM pAra gala ca calanA / 'mAre vyApAra / vana para ko para paTAre, nara tarima jamana - pratidhimma mAya hai| ghaTanAe para ena nItara 50ii hai, saharAuna vistAramA niyakti mAra lAnI miyAla, adhirAma, pramAda aura upAya ra cAra sUkSma basata mAnara mAnA 7 II na sA hotA hai| 217 sthala, pati / pana buddhi / vAnI nA to hai|