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their autonyms. But this makes concession in favour of synonyms. The synonyms have different connotations but the denotation is identical, they do not make the reality different. 6. Samabhirūdha Naya - Etymological approach
This naya goes one step furthre in the process of specification by identifying the etymological meaning with local meaning. Each word has got the distinctive connotation of its own. So there can be no synonyms in the true sense of them. For e.g. Indra as Supreme ruler, Sakra as the posseser of power. 7. Evambhūta Naya- The actualistic approach
This understands the meaning as actually exercising the activity connoted by the word is the true meaning of it. This naya affirms that only the actualized meaning of the word is the real meaning.
Niksepa 24 In each word there exists the power of expressing innumerable meaning. The storing or putting of the power of expressing the specific meaning in the words through the strength of qualifying adjuncts is called nikșepa. The result of this nikṣepa is the exclusion of overlapping and intermingling unwanted meaning and the exposition of the Intended sense.25 It is of four kinds -
(1) Nāma niksepa - Name labeled arbitrarily. The assignment of a name merely as a symbol irrespective of the conditions such as characteristic of class, substance, quality and action. For e.g. prince name in given to beggar.
(2) Sthāpanā nikṣepa - Meaning determination of a substance which is devoid of the meaning such as an idol or the image of Mahāvīra is called as Lord Mahāvīra this sthāpanā i.e. imitation of true type but another form of sthāpanā is unreal imitation such as a stone piece is regarded as symbol of Indira Gandhi. Here there is no similarity of structure but it is also considered under sthāpanā nikṣepa. But the meaning is understood by this point of view.
Tai uşil 3açar-faceter, 2008
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