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and property) are that it cannot be misinterpreted as a potential offense--if provides a "pure" defence that does not provoke escalation and that it can be prepared without compromising the democratic institutions of the defending society, as to some extent the creation of military elite and abdication of security responsibilities to such an elite inevitably do.
Since war ultimately arises from conflicts at the intra-social, interpersonal, or even intra-personal levels, or some combinations of these, and since nonviolence acts to resolve conflicts creatively at all those levels it is the most powerful and perhaps least explored resource in the world today for security and peace. References: 1. Acharya Mahaprajna — Non-violence and its many facets, Jain Vishva
Bharati, Ladnun, 1994. 2. Alam Morehead - The White Nile New York, Harper & Bros., 1960. 3. Gandhi M.K. - Hindu Dharma, P.P. Delhi, 1964. 4. Holmes Robert L.- Non-violence in the theory and practice, Wadsworth
publishing co., California, 1990. 5. Michael N. Nagler — Non-violence, Encyclopedia of Peace, Pergamon
Press, Oxford, 1986. 6. Naess A. — Gandhi & Group conflict, Universistetisforlages, Oslo, 1974. 7. Schneider H. --- Quoted by Michal N. Nagler, Encyclopedia of Peace,
Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1973. 8. Seeley, R. — The Handbook of Non-violence, Lawrence Hill & Co.,
Westport, 1986. 9. Sharp Gene — National Security Through Civilian Based Defense,
Association for Transarmament Studies, Omaha, Nebraska, 1985. 10. Sharp, Gene --The politics of Non-violent Action, Boston : Porter Sargent,
1973. 11. Tendullhar D.G. (ed.)— Mahatma : Life of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi,
Govt. of India, New Delhi, 1953.
Professor and Head, Dept. of Non-violence and Peace Jain Vishva Bharati University Ladnun - 341 306 (Rajasthan)
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