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Op reasoning from anvaya...
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the body is not established.5 That is, (5) a. When there is a body, life breath etc. occur.
b. When that body is absent, life breath etc. are absent. are said to hold for the properties in question in respect of any individual. Hence, properties which some say belong to a self considered to be distinct from the body belong to the body, so that the entity some call ātman is indentical with the body. Now, true properties of the physical body, such as form or colour, do indeed persist so long as the body exists : There is no body without some shape or color. On the other hand, life breath etc. can be absent even when there is a body, a dead body. Thus, the properties at issue are different from true proper ties of the physical body, so that they should be said not to pertain to the body.& That is, (5a) fails to hold in all instances, and
(6) When there is a body, life breath etc. are absent. also holds, in the case of a corpse. Hence, one must at least modify (5a) to
(5a') when there is a live body, life breath etc, occur. However, even this will not do absolutely. For, though (5a') could be known to hold, it is not possible to determine that (5b) always holds : The properties in question, viewed as pertaining to a self distinct from the body, could recur in another live body after this one has perished."
The arguments presented by Śarikara . clearly show an awareness that entities which are identical have the same properties. In addition, it is patent that if the values of X and Y jn (1), (2) are identical, one can stand in place of the other. Let (la, b) and ( 2a b ) be rewritten as : (la) X, Y; (1b) ~X, ~Y; (2a) X-Y; (2b) ~X, Y. If, then, X and Y are the same, we have also : (la) Y, X: (1b) ~Y~X; (2a') ~Y, X; (2b') Y,-X, It is possible to refute the assumed identity of two entities by showing that (2a), ( 26 ); ( 2a') or (2b') holds. SP-11
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