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The Chinese Buddhist Wheel...
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ontological status, had no place in any Indian interpretation. Because of this need and because of the complication which existed in the interpretation of Indian tradition, he structured a new formula which continued the Indian concern of causa
on the one hand and the Chinese outlook on the other. It is from this viewpoint that his Wheel is worthy of consideration as one of the typical examples of Chinese Buddhism.
Notes
1 Alex Wayman, "Buddhist Dependent Origination", History of Religions
10/3 (1971), 185-203. 2 Cf. author's paper, " Tsung-mi, his analysis of Ch'an Buddhism",
T'oung Pao, LVIIT (1972), 1-54. 3 Verdu, Dialectical Aspects in Buddhist Thought, Studies in Sino-Japanese
Mahāyāna Idealism (Kansas City, 1974). 4 See author's paper, “ Ch'an-yuan chu-ch'uan-chi Tu-hsu” tsui-hsu-tsao
yin-pen te fa-hsien ho cheng-shih” (The discovery and identification of the earliest printed edition of Ch'an-yuan chu-ch'uan-chi Tu-hsu"),
The Eastern Miscellany, n.s. VIII/2 (1974) 38-40. 5 Verdu has wrongly rendered as 'Original Knowledge', op. cit. p. 83. 6 This has been wrongly translated as 'rise of mindfulness'. Verdu, op.
cit., p. 84. 7 In the other version, this item is called chien-eh'i or the emergence
of views (dīsi). 8 Modern version has altered the term fa-chih (dharma seizing) into
chih-fa (seizing dharma). 9 The other version has again reversed the order of wo-chih into chih-wo 10 The other version called the item fan-nao or klesa. 11 The word tsao (to make ) has been mistranslated as performing' by
Verdu, op. cit., p. 87. How can deed (karma) be performed ? 12 Verdu translates the term shou-pao as "karma remuneration or karma
fruit" ap. cit., p. 87, which seems questionable. Remuneration usually concerns "reward, pay for service rendered"; the present case stands exactly in the opposite. Retribution is a better word as it is rarely used for good done. In the usage of the latter, one has, of course, to remember that in Buddhism, retribution is an automatic reaction pro
duced by the deed and without an administrator. SP-23
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