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The unique Jaina doctrine of karma
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7. J. L. Jaini (ed) Tattvārıhasūtram. Delhi, 1956. 8 Renou : Religions of Ancient India, New Delhi, 1972, p. 132. 9 The aim of dhyāna yoga in the Hindu schools of thought was to
achieve miraculous powers (riddhi and siddhi) through controlling the mind and more importantly union of a man with paramatman by suppressing the mind. Among the Buddhists, the meditational practices were specially intended to still the mind and thereby to demolish the sense of duality and realise that the nature of ultimate reality is sūnya
(śünyavāda) or vi jñaptimātrata pure consciousness (yogācāra). 10 The terms used for a Jaina ascetic truly reflect his character. He is
called śramana, yati and kşapana or kşapanaka. Sramana means one who exerts himself especially in performing acts of austerity; yati means one who has restrained his passions and abandoned the world; kşa pana means 'fasting', ksapanam means abstinence, chastisement of the body.
Monier Williams : Sanskrit English Dictionary. 11 See also E. M. Hare : The book of the Gradual sayings, London, 1952
Vol. II, p. 294. 12 Hare : ibid London, 1932, Volume I, pp. 117-119. See also H. C.
Warren : Buddhism in Translation, London, 1963 pp. 215-217. 13 Rhys Davids ; Sacred Books of the East, Vol. XXXVI, Pt. II, p. 18-19. 14 Ibid, Vol. XIII, 94. 15 Sacred Books of the East Vol. XXI, p. 433. 16 S.B.E. Vol. XLIX pp. 183 and 185. 17 Theodore de Bary (ed) : Sources of Indian Tradition, New York, 1958,
p. 164. 18 P. V. Kane : History of Dharmśāstras, Poona, 1962. Vol. V, Pt. II
p. 1017. 19 Cittavisuddhiprakarana VV 24-94 and 37–38.... 'Those who know....
remove passion by means of passion itself. ... the wise man renders himself free of impurity by means of impurity itself.” Again in the Guhyasama ja tantra Ch. 7 it is maintained ; " By enjoyment of all desires. . one may speedily gain Buddhahood" and "One does not succeed by devoting oneself to harsh discipline and austerities, but by devoting oneself to the enjoyment of all desires one rapidly gains success."
Saraha in the Dohäkośa 64 says “Enjoying the world of sense, one is undefiled by the world of sense. One plucks lotus without touching water so the yogin who has gone to the root of things
not enslaved by senses although he enjoys them.” SP-20
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