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114
LIFE IN ANCIENT INDIA
During the reign of king Pajjoya nine great stores or emporiums (kuttiyāvanā) are mentioned in Ujjcni, where all sorts of goods, including demons (vånamantara), were available.16
Mathură was another business centre. People lived here only on trade and there was no cultivation ofland in this town. The merchants from Mathurā used to go to Dakkhiņa Mahura on business. The tankana mlecchas of Uttarāvaha are mentioned as travelling to Dakşiņāpatha for trade with valuable merchandise such as gold and ivory.18 Sopāraya is described as another emporium of trade, which was inhabited by five hundred tradesmen (negama).18 Then we had Surattha,20 which was joined with Pāņdu Mahurā by sea.a. We hear of the horse merchants arriving in Bāravai for trade". Vasantapura was another emporium whence traders used to journey to Campā.23 We hear of a merchant going from Khiipaitthiya to Vasantapura.24 Then we had Hatthisisa as a commercial centre where a number of merchants resided. From here the merchants journeyed to Kaliyadiva where there were rich mincs of gold, jewels and diamonds and which was noted for horscs.a5 Then we read of Pārasadiva which was visited by the merchants frequently, 28 and Sihaladiya which was a halting place for the sea-faring tradesmen.at From Sihala, Pārasa, Babbara Joniya, Damila, Araba, Pulinda, Bahali and other non-Aryan countries India used to get female slaves as noted already.
thiya to vaso Campā.3 awas anothere merchants
EXPORTS-IMPORTS What commodities were exported or imported or what cxchanged inland we do not exactly know. With regard to inland trade wc hear a number of commodities that were exchanged. We are told that the seafaring merchants of Campā referred to above, loaded their carts with four kinds of goods, viz., that which could be counted (ganima) as betelnuts etc., balanced (dharima) as sugar etc., measured (meya) as ghee, rice, etc. and scrutinized (paricchezza) as cloth, jewel, etc. and making provision of various articles such as rice, flour (samiya), oil, ghee, molasses (gula), curds (gorasa), drinking water, water vessels, medicines, drugs, straw, wood, wearing apparel, and weapons etc. for their journey, they left for Mithilā by river. 98 As already mentioned, gold and ivory were
18 Brh. Bha. 3.4220 f. 18 ibid. Vr 1.1239.
Ada, cū 472 Ava Ti., 140 a.
Brh. Bha 1.2506 Ao Dau, củ, P. 40.
Ava, cu II, 107. ibid p 553. zbid. p. 531. Ava. Tt (Hari.), p. 114a, Nāyā 17, p 2017 Avd. cu. p. 448. Aca. Ti., 6.3, p. 223a. Niyd, 8, p. 08.
