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LIFE IN ANCIENT INDIA
In course of time, Usabha married his own sisters, Sumangală and Sunanda. The former bore a twin, named Bharata and Bambhi and the latter another pau named Bahubali and Sundari When Usabha ascendcd the thronc or Vinitā, he is said to have formed four corporations (ganas), viz, Uggas, Bhogas, Rāinnas and Khattiyas
It is mentioned that during that period people atc uncooked roots and Usabha taught them cooking in earthcn vessels At this time arose the potters, blacksmiths, weavers, carpenters, and harbers. Further, L'sabha is said to have taught alphabets to Biihini, arıthineti lo Sundari, rüpakamma (sculpture) to Bharata and cittakamma (pamting) to Bāhubalı, Thus came into existence the seventy two arts for men, sixty four fou women and one hundicd general arts (sippa) It was during this period that the Nägayajila, the Indı amaha, the institution of mariage, and the building of the thubhas (mounds) as mcmorials to the dead were promulgated
Usabha is said to have reigned for countless number of vears, and then retired in favour of Bharata, who was declared as the first universal monarch of Vinită Aftci taking to the ascetic life, L'sabha is said to have travelled through a number of places He is said to lave passed through the countries of Bahali, Adamba and Illā and cached Hatthinapura where he was offered sugarcane by Sejja nisa, the grandson of Bāhubali Usabha is said to have attained omniscience in Purimatāla in the garden of Saga damuha and attained salvation on the mountain Atthāvaya
Nallı is said to have been the nincteenth Tirthankara of the Jains. It should be noticcd that according to the Svetāmbaras, she was a female and according to the Digambaias a male It is stated that the kings Padibuddhi of Kosala, Candacchjya of Auga, Sankha of Käsi, Ruppi of Kunāla, Adinasattu of Kuru and Jivasattu of Paicāla waged war against Kumbhaga, the father of Mallı."
Nami, who was known as the royal sage 'riyar ial), was the twentieth Tirthankara He was the son of Mayanarchů by Jugabāhu, who was stabbed to death by his brother At that time Mayanarehā was pregnant. She fled awav out of fear and delivered her child in the forest Here the child was picked up by king Paumaraha of Mihilā, who handed it over to his queen In course of time, the king renounced the world and Nami was anointed on the throne After sometime Nami also joined the ascetic orders Nami is described as a contemporary of Karakandu, Dumuha and Naggai, who are referred to as four Pratyeakabuddhas. All of them are said to have renounced the world and reached Khiipaitthiya.' 3 7amhu Sa ? 30-33 Kolpa Sú 7 205-228, Ala Nur 150ffĀra, cu. pp 135.182 Vasu
Pp 157-167, 123, alo TSP. pp 100 ff,
Va 8 3 Uliarā. Sū 9
Ibid18. 46 Vami is identified with Janaka, the Brahmanic philosopher king of the Mahābhuirata, who is known as Mahajanaka 11 in the fătakas. According to the Rāmāyana and the Puranas, Nami was the founder of the royal family of Mithila (P.B.I., PP. 4811, P.HA,1, p. 45, also Caraha 26, P, 665
