Jainacharyo ka Alankar Shastro me Yogadan

Author(s): Kamleshkumar Jain
Publisher: Parshwanath Vidyapith
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/010127/1

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pArzvanAtha vidhAmana apamAlA 12 sampAdaka DaoN. sAgaramala baina jainAcAryoM kA alaMkArazAstra meM yogadAna lekhaka DaoN. kamalezakumAra jaina jainadarzana vyAkhyAtA, bana-baudadazana vibhAga kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI bhAbha vArA saccaM logammi sArabhUyaM pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna, vArANasI

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(ahamadAbAda), pro0 khuzAlacandra gorAvAlA (kAzI vidyApITha), sampUrNAnanda saskRta vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI ke bhUtapUrva jainadarzana vibhAgAdhyakSa 50 amRtalAla zAstrI (jainadazana-prAdhyApaka, jaina vizva bhAratI, lADanUM), 50 udayacandra jaina pUrvarIDara evaM darzana vibhAgAdhyakSa, saskRtavidyAdharmavijJAnasakAya, kA0 hi0 vi0 vi0), DaoN0 rAjArAma jaina (rIDara eva adhyakSa, saskRta-prAkRta vibhAga, eca. Do0 jaina kAleja, mArA) eva sva0 agaracanda nAhaTA (bIkAnera) prabhUti vidvAnoM kA bhI hRdaya se prabhArI hU~, jinake sneha evaM zubhAzIrvAda se yaha kArya pUrNa ho sakA / isa kArya ko pUrNa karane meM jina mitro kA sahayoga milA hai, unameM DaoN. jayakumAra jaina (saskRta-pravaktA, esa0 DI0 posTa grejueTa kAleja, mujaphpharanagara) DaoN0 ku. majulA mehatA (pUnA) eSa zrI anubhavadAsa ke nAma vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya hai| __ pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna, vArANasI dvArA zodhavRtti, Adhunika suvidhA sampanna chAtrAvAsa evaM pustakAlaya sambandhI suvidhAe~ prApta huI haiM, isake liye vidyAzrama ke saMcAlako kA hRdaya se kRtama hai| kendrIya eva vibhAgIya pustakAlaya kA0 hi0 vi0vi0, zrI gaNeza varNI di0 jaina zodha saMsthAna pustakAlaya eva zrI vizvanAtha pustakAlaya (goyanakA saskRta mahAvidyAlaya, vArANasI) ke adhikAriyoM kA bhI AbhArI haiM, jinakI kRpA se aneka grantho ke avalokana tathA upayoga karane kI suvidhA milI hai| prastuta granya ke prakAzana kA pUrNa zreya pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zoSa sasthAna vArANasI ke vatamAna nidezaka AdaraNIya DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ko hai, ata unakA hRdaya se AbhArI hU~ / prArambhika 160 pRSTho kA prapha sazoSana DaoN0 ravizaMkara mizra ne kiyA hai aura zabdAnukramaNikA taiyAra karana me zrI aruNakumAra jana (zodha chAtra, saskRta vibhAga, kA. hi0 vi0 vi0) kA sahayoga milA hai, ata ukta bandhudvaya dhanyavAda ke pAtra hai / grantha-mudraNa kA kArya baddha mAna mudraNAlaya ne sampanna kiyA hai, ata unake prati bhI mai apanA dhanyavAda jJApita karatA huuN| bI 2/249 nirvANa bhavana kamalezakumAra jaina lena na0 14, ravIndrapurI vyAkhyAtA, jaina-baudadazana vibhAga vArANasI-221005 saskRtavidyAdhamavijJAnasakAya zrutapaJcamI vi0 sa0 2041 kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI-5

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jainAcAryo kA jalakArazAstra meM mogadAna kyoMki isame alaMkAra sambandhI vicAra saMskRta kI hI paramparA ke anusAra kiyA gayA hai aura ye viSuva satrI saMskRta jaina-bAlaMkArikoM ke pUrvabhASI haiN| prathama zatI ke ArakSita aura ekAdaza zatI ke alakAravANakAra ke manantara hama vAgbhaTa-prathama se zurU hone vAle jaina bAlaMkArikoM kI paramparA praveza karate haiN| yaha paramparA dvAdaza zatAbdI se avicchinna calatI hai| paricayAtmaka vivaraNa prArambha karane ke pUrva yaha ullekhanIya hai ki dharma kI dRSTi meM sampradAya-bheda ke hote hue bhI ye sabhI AcArya alaMkAra sampradAya ke adhikArI pravaktA haiM aura sabane alaMkAra-zAstra ke sabhI pratipAdya tatvoM para gambhIra tathA sUkSma vivecana prastuta karate huye saMskRta alaMkAra-sAhitya ko paripuSTa kiyA hai| AryarakSita AryarakSita kI gaNanA eka viziSTa yuga pradhAna AcArya ke rUpa meM kI jAtI hai| inakA janma vIra-nirvANa samvat 522 me, dIkSA ( 22 varSa kI Ayu meM) vIra-nirvANa samvat 544 (I0 sam 17 ) meM, yugapradhAna pada (62 varSa kI Ayu meM ) vIra-nirvANa samvat 584 (I0 san 57 ) me tathA svargavAsa ( 75 varSa kI bhAyu meM ) vIra nirvANa samvat 167 ( I0 san 70 ) meM mAnA jAtA hai| kucha AcAryoM ke matAnusAra AryarakSita kA svargavAsa vIra-nirvANa sambat 584 (I0 san 57 ) me humA thaa|' inake pitA kA nAma somadeva thA, jo mAsavAntargat dazapura (mandasaura) ke rAjA udayana ke purohita the tathA mAtA kA nAma rAsomA thaa| AryarakSita alpAyu me hI veda-vedAno kA adhyayana karane ke liye pATaliputra cale gaye the| adhyayana karane ke pazcAt jaba ve ghara lauTe taba dazapura ke rAjA bIra nagaravAsiyo ne prasanna hokara baDI dhUmadhAma se unhe nagara praveza kraayaa| tatpazcAt dina ke antima prahara meM ghara pahu~cakara unhoMne apanI mAtA ko prathAma kiyaa| mAtA rudrasomA jaina dharma kI upAsikA pI, ata' veda-vedAgI ke adhyayana se vaha adhika prasanna nahIM huii| kAraNa jJAta kara AryarakSita dUsare dina prAta kAla hI anAcArya tosalIputra ke pAsa adhyayana karane ke lie gye| bahA~ yaha jAnakara ki dRSTibAda kA jJAna prApta karane ke lie jaina-dIkSA anivArya hai, ata: 1. jainadharma kA maunika itihAsa, bhAga 2, pR. 560 /

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prathama adhyAya : jaina-bAvakAritArAkAra sahani dIkSA mahakI aura jAna pAsa kiyaa| tatpazcAt mAga vyayana ke lie umbapinI nagarI meM vacasvAmI ke pAsa gye| yahA~ para unhone kI pUrvI kA baccayana kara ksama pUrva kA adhyayana prArambha kiyA, tabhI unake mAtA-pitA ne putra-viyoga se cintita hokara apane kaniSTha putra phalgurakSita ko unhe bulA lAne ke lie bhejaa| phalgurakSita ne vahA~ pahu~cakara AryarakSita se kyapura lauTane kA jAgraha kiyaa| vahAM unhoMne apane laghu prAtA phalgurakSita ko jainadharma meM dIkSita kiyA aura basasvAmI se AzA lekara dazapura kI ora prasthAna kiyaa| 'dazapura pahuMcakara unhoMne apane mAtA-pitA tathA parijano ko prabuddha kara bamaNadharma kI dIkSA dii| puna ve nava-dIkSita muniyoM ko lekara apane gurU tosasIputra ke pAsa gaye / gurU tosalI putra ne santuSTa hokara unheM apanA uttarAdhikArI AcArya niyukta kiyaa| anuyogadvAra-sUtra jaina-paramparA me Agama sAhitya kA vizeSa mahatva hai| yaha mAgama sAhitya aga-praviSTa aura aga-bAhya ke rUpa me do prakAra kA hai| aga-bArA AgamoM me eka hai anuyogadvAra sUtra, jo prAkRta-bhASA me nibaddha hai / ise elikA-sUtra bhI kahate haiN| ____anuyogadvAra-sUtra meM anuyoga ke cAra dvAra-upakrama, nikSepa, anugama aura naya para vicAra kiyA gayA hai| upakrama ke dvitIya bheda nAma nirUpaNa ke prasaMga meM eka-nAma, dvinAma, trinAma Adi kramaza dasa nAmo taka utanI-utanI satyA vAle viSayoM kA pratipAdana hai| nau nAmo ke antargata rasoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| raso ke nAma haiM-dhIra, zRGgAra, adbhuta, raudra, brIDanaka, bIbhatsa, hAsya, karuNa aura prazAnta / isI prakAra anugama ke antargata alIka, upadhAtajanaka, nirarthaka, chala Adi battIsa doSo kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| alaMkAra-dappaNakAra alaMkAra-cappaNa ke lekhaka kA nAma ajJAta hai| tathApi isake prArambhika 1 prabhAvakacarita-AryarakSitarita, pR. 6-18 // bAryarakSita kA jIvana carita prabhAvakacarita ke pUrva racita pranyoM Avazyaka pUNi bora bAvazyakamalayagiri-vRtti prAvi meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai|

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jainAcAryoM kA alakArazAstra meM yogadAna magalAcaraNa' meM lekhaka ne zrata devatA ko namaskAra kiyA hai, ata itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki isakI racanA kisI jainAcArya ne kI hogii| zrI agaracanda jI nAhaTA ke eka lekha se jJAta hotA hai ki jaisalamera ke bRhara mAna bhaNDAra kI tADapatrIya prati me 'alaMkAra dappaNa' ke atirikta kAvyAdarza aura udbhaTAlakAra laghu-vRtti bhI likhI hai, kAvyAdarza ke anta me prati kA lekhanakAla sambat 1161 bhAdrapade' likhA hai| isase yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki prastuta racanA sambat 1161 ke pUrva kI hogii| ukta zrIyuta nAhaTA jI ne bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA ke alakAradappaNa ke anuvAda ke prArambha meM (bhUmikA svarUpa) prastuta grantha ke alakAra sambandhI vivaraNa ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue isakA nirmANa kAla 8vI se 11vI zatAbdI mAnA hai| jainAcArya praNIta saMskRta bhASA ma nibaddha prAya sabhI alakArazAstra samvat 1161 ke pazcAt race gaye hai| ata. pUrvavartI hone se 'alakAradappaNa' kI mahattA svayasidva hai| alakAra-dappaNa: prastuta kRti prAkRta bhASA me nibaddha eka mAtra kRti hai / isame kevala 134 gAthAeM hai| jinakA sIdhA sambandha alakAge se hai| isameM kucha aise navIna alakAro kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai, jo isake pUrva racita granthoM meM upalabdha nahI haiM / isIlie isakI mahattA para prakAza DAlate hue zrI agaracanda nAhaTA ne likhA hai ki isa pratha me nirUpita rasika, premAtizaya, dravyottara, kriyottara, guNottara, upamArUpaka, utprekSAyamaka alakAra anya lakSaNa grantho meM prApta nahIM hai / ye alakAra navIna nirmita haiM, yA kisI prAcIna alakArazAstra kA anusaraNa 1 sudarapaa viNNANa vimalAlakArarehiasarIra / suhadevia ca kavva ca paNavia pavaravaNNaDDha // 1 // 2 jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 5, pR0 66 / 3 'prAkRta bhASA kA eka mAtra AlakArika grantha alaMkAra darpaNa' ___-gurUdeva zrIratnamuni smRti mantha, pR0 394-368 / 4. 'prAkRta bhASA kA eka mAtra alaMkArazAstra alaMkAradappaNa' -marudharakezarI munizrI mizrImalajI mahArAja abhinandana pantha meM prakAzita, caturtha khaNDa, pR0 426 /

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sb abhyaas : iish-lkssaaeiddh aN slnggaay' haiM, nizcita nahIM kahA jA sktaa| phira bhI upamA Adi ke mahatvapUrNa vivecana se prastuta anya ko maulikatA akSuNNa hai| prastuta grantha me maMgalAcaraNa karane ke pazcAt sarvaprathama alaMkAroM kI mahattA para prakAza DAlA gayA hai / puna upamA, rUpaka, dIpaka, roSa, anumAsa, bhatizaya, vizeSa, AkSepa, jAtivyatireka, rasika, paryAya, yaSAsaMkhya, samAhita, virodha, saMzaya, vibhAvanA, bhAva, arthAntaranyAsa, parikara sahokti, karjA, apahati, premAsizaya (ursa, parivRtta, dravyotara, kriyottara, guNottara), bahuzleSa, vyapadeza, stuti, samajyoti, aprastutaprazasA, anumAna, Adarza, utprekSA, sasikhi, AzISa, upamArUpaka, nidarzanA, upekSAvayava, udbhid, valita, amedavalita, aura yamaka ina 40 alaMkAro kA nAmollekha kiyA hai / tatpazcAt inhI alaMkAroM ke sabheda lakSaNa aura udAharaNa prastuta kara viSaya-vivecana kiyA gayA hai| anyakAra ne upamA ke 17 bheda kie haiM, jo nimna prakAra haiM-prativastUpamA, guNakalitA, upamA, asamA-upamA, mAlopamA, viguNaspA-upamA, sampUrNA-upamA, gUDhA-apamA, nindAprazasopamA, lallipsA-upamA, nindopamA, masizayitA-upamA, atimilitopamA, vikalpikopamA (ekatra vikalpikopamA aura bahudhA viklpikopmaa)| isame kisI-kisI alakAra kA mAtra udAharaNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| vAgbhaTa-prathama vAgbhaTAla kAra ke yazasvI praNetA vAgbhaTa-prathama aura AcArya hemacandra ye dono samakAlIna AcArya hote hue bhI kAla kI dRSTi se vAgbhaTa-prathama hemacandra ke pUrvavartI haiM, kintu vAgbhaTa-prathama kI apekSA bhAcArya hemacandra ko adhika prasiddhi prApta huI hai, isalie kucha vidvAno ne AcArya hemacandra ko pUrva meM sthAna diyA hai aura vAgbhaTa-prathama ko pazcAt me2 / kAvyAnuzAsana ke racayitA 1 alaMkAradappaNa-bhUmikA / ___-marUdhara kezarI munizrI mizrImala jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha caturtha ___ khaNDa, pR. 426 2 draSTavya-saskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa-anu. magaladeva zAstrI, pR046 / , alaMkAra dhAraNA vikAsa aura vizleSaNaH pR. 224 evaM pR. 229 /

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janAcAyoM kA balakArazAstra meM yogadAna maTako abhinava vAgbhaTa athavA vAgbhaTa dvitIya ke nAma se abhihita kivakra jAtA hai / DaoN0 vemicandra jyotiSAcArya ne neminirvANa-kAvya ke kartA ko vAgbhaTa prathama kahA hai / kintu Adhunika vidvAna sAmAnyataH vAramaTAlaMkAra ke karttA ko vAgbhaTa - prathama ora kAvyAnuzAsana ke kartA ko vAgbhaTa dvitIya mAnate haiM / AcArya vAgbhaTa kA prAkRta nAma bAhaDa tathA pitA kA nAma soma thA yaha eka kuzala kavi aura kisI (jayasiMha rAjA ke) rAjya ke mahAmAtya ve prabhAvaka - carita meM vAhaDa ke sthAna para thAhaDa kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai" / inako prabhAvaka carita ke anya kaI sthaloM para bhI thAhaDa nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA hai / vAgbhaTa prathama dhanavAn aura uccakoTi ke zrAvaka the, eka bAra inhone gurucaraNo me nivedana kiyA ki mujhe kisI prazamanIya kArya me dhana vyaya karane kI AjJA diijie| usake uttara meM gurudeva ne jinamadira banavAne vyaya kie gae dhana ko saphalIbhUta batalAyA thA, tadanantara guru ke AdezAnusAra vAgbhaTa ne eka bhavya jinAlaya kA nirmANa karAyA thA, jo himAlaya ke sadRza zveta, uttuga aura bahumUlya maNio vAle kalaza se suzobhita thA / usame virAjamAna vardhamAna 1 tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA, khaNDa caturtha, pR0 22 / 2 vAgbhaTa - vivecana - AcArya priyavrata zarmA, pR0 282 / 3 yabhaNDasuttisapuDa - muktia maNigopahAsamUha bba / siri bAhaDati taNao Asi buho tasya somasya // - vAgbhaTAlakAra, 4145 4 babhaNDasuttisapuDa - ityAdi padya kI utthAnikA me likhA hai - idAnoM granthakAra idamalakArakartR svakhyApanAya vAgbhaTAmiSasya mahAkavermahAmAtyasya tannAma gAthekayA nidarzayati / siMhadevagaNa TIkA --- vAgbhaTAla kAra 4148, AcArya hemacandra ne vAgbhaTa ko jayasiMha kA amAtya kahA hai / -iyAzraya mahAkAvya, 20161-62 / dhArmikAgraNI / vijJApanAmasI // * 5 athAsita thAhaDo nAma dhanavAn gurupAdAn praNamyAya cakra vatsare tatra caikatra pUrNe zrIdevasUribhi / zrI vIrasya pratiSThAM sA bAhaDo'kArayanmudA // - prabhAvakacarita-vAdidevasUricarita 67, 73

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prathama jammA : (mahAvIra svAmI kI pratimA monA se yukta thI, jisake teja se kAnta aura sUryakAnta si ko manA phIkI par3a gaI thii| vAcAryabATa samuccanAkAra ke udAharaNa meM nimna cIna ratnoM kA ullekha kiyA hai- (1) arthahillapATanapura nAmaka nagara, (2) rAjA karNadeva ke suputra - rAjA jayasiMha aura (3) zrIkalaza nAmaka hAthI / maha nizcita ho jAtA hai ki AcArya vAgmaTa-prathama cAlukyavazIya karNadeva ke putra rAjA jayasiMha ke samakAlIna the / rAjA jayasiMha kA rAjya kAla vi0 saM0 1150 se 1999 (1093 I0 se 1143 I0) taka mAnA jAtA hai / bata" vAgma-prathama kA bhI yahI kAma pratIta hotA hai / isakI puSTi prabhAvaka parita ke isa kathana se bhI hotI hai ki vi0 saM0 1978 me munivara ke samAfumaraNa hone ke eka varSa pazcAt devasUri ke dvArA bAhara (vATa) ne mUrti pratiSThA karAI / tAtparya yaha ki usa samaya vAgbhaTa vidyamAna the| asa vAgbhaTa kA samaya ukta rAjA jayasiMha kA hI kAla yuktiyukta mAlUma hotA hai / aba taka upalabdha pramANo ke anusAra unakA eka mAtra AlaMkArika granva vAgbhaTAsakAra hI prApta hai / vAgbhaTAlaMkAra maTAkAra eka bahucarcita kRti hai| isakI saMskRta TIkAe~ jaina vidvAno 1 prabhAvaka carita-vAdidevasUri parita 67-70 / 2 aNahillapATala puramavanipati karmadevanRpasUtu / zrI zanAmadheya karI va jagatIha ratnAni / / vAgbhaTAlaMkAra, 4 / 1321 ai jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, pR0 320 / gaNeza tryabaka dezapAMDe ne vAgbhaTa kA lekhana kAla hira0 1122 se 1156 mAnA hai| -bhAratIya sAhitya-zAstra, pR0 135 / 4 zatekAdazake sASTasaptato vikramArphata 1 vatsarANAM vyatikrAnte zrImudicandrasUraya // - ArAdhanAvibhidhaSTha kRtvA prAyopavezanam / rAmapolomvAste tridina vapuH // yatsare tatra baiMka pUrNe zrIdevasUribhiH / zrIvIrasya pratiDAMsa bAyo kArayanmudA // 1 71-073 /

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'jainAcAryoM kA alakArazAstra meM yogadAna ke atirikta jainetara vidvAno dvArA bhI likhI gaI haiM / vAgbhaTAlaMkAra para likhI gaI upalabdha eva bhanupalabdha kula TIkAo kI saMkhyA lagabhaga 17 hai| itanI adhika TIkAo se hI isa grantha kI mahattA siddha ho jAtI hai ki yaha kitanA lokapriya anya rahA hai| vAgbhaTAla kAra ko 5 paricchedo me vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| isake prathama pariccheda me magalAcaraNa ke pazcAt kAvya-svarUpa, kAvya prayojana, kAdhyahetu, kAvya me artha-sphUrti ke pAca hetu-mAnasika AhlAda, navanavonmeSazAlinI buddhi, pramAtavelA, kAvya-racanA me abhiniveza aura samasta zAstroM kA anuzIlana Adi kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / tatpazcAt kavi-samaya kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, isake antargat loko aura dizAo kI saMkhyA nirdhAraNa, yamaka, zleSa aura citrAlaMkAra meM ba aura va, Da aura la Adi meM abheda, citrabandha ke anusvAra aura visarga kI chUTa Adi kA sodAharaNa varNana kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya pariccheda meM sarvaprathama kAvya-zarIra kA nirUpaNa karate hue batalAyA gayA hai ki saMskRta, prAkRta, usa (saskRta) kA apabhraza aura paizAcI ye cAro bhASAeM kAvya kA aga hotI haiN| kAvya ke bheda, kAvya-doSa aura usake bhedo kA anta me vivecana kiyA gayA hai| tRtIya pariccheda me baudArya, samatA Adi dasa guNo kA sodAharaNa lakSaNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| kucha guNo kA lakSaNa aura udAharaNa eka hI padya me diyA gayA hai| yadyapi vAgbhaTAla kAra meM sarvatra payo kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, kintu ojaguNa kA udAharaNa gadya me prastuta kiyA hai| caturtha pariccheda me sarvaprathama ala kAroM kI upayogitA para prakAza DAlA gayA hai / puna cinAdi cAra zabdAlaMkArI aura jAti Adi paitIsa aryAlakAro kA sodAharaNa lakSaNa nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / isake sAtha hI yatra-tatra alakAro ke bhedopabhedo kA bhI sodAharaNa varNana kiyA hai / tatpazcAt gauDIyA aura vaidarbhI ina do rItiyo kA sodAharaNa lakSaNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| pacama eva antima pariccheda me rasa-svarUpa, sabheda zRGgArAdi nau rasa aura unake sthAyI bhAva, manubhAva tathA bhedo kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| prasaMgavazAt bIca meM nAyaka ke cAra bheda aura unakA svarUpa, nAyikA ke cAra bheda aura unakA svarUpa Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| AcArya hemacandra AcArya hemacandra bahumukhI pratibhA sampanna vidvAna the| unakI sAhitya

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prathama adhyAya : jaina-AlaMkArika aura alaMkAra sAdhanA atyanta vizAla aura vyApaka hai / jIvana ko saMskRta saMbaddhita aura saMcAlita karane vAle jitane pahalU haiM, una saba para unhoMne apanI adhikArapUrNa lekhanI calAI hai / unakI sAhitya sevA ko dekhakara vidvAnoM ne unheM 'kalikAsarvajJa' jaisI upAdhi se vibhUSita kiyA hai' / AcArya hemacandra kA janma vikrama saM0 1945 meM kArtika pUrNimA kI rAtri ko ghughukA nAmaka nagara (gujarAta) ke moDha vaza meM huA thA / unakA bAmAvasthA kA nAma cAgadeva thA tathA unake pitA kA nAma cAcina aura mAtA kA nAma pAhiNI devI thA' / 'honahAra biravAna ke hota cIkane pAta' ke anusAra bAlaka cAMgadeva kA dhIre-dhIre vikAsa hone lagA / use bacapana se hI dharma guruo ke saMparka meM rahane kA saubhAgya prApta huA thA / ata unhoMne ATha varSa kI alpAyu me hI apane samaya ke prasiddha AcArya devacandra se lI thI / dIkSA ke pazcAt unakA nAma somacandra rakhA gayA dIkSA grahaNa kara * 1 somacandra ne thor3e hI samaya meM tarkasAhitya Adi sabhI vidyAoM me ananya pravINatA prApta kara lii| tatpazcAt unhone apane guru ke sAtha vibhinna sthAno me bhramaNa kiyA aura apane zAstrIya eva vyAvahArika jJAna me kAphI vRddhi kI" / vikrama savat 1166 me 21 varSa kI alpAyu meM hI muni somacandra ko unake guru ne AcArya pada para pratiSThita karake hemacandra nAma diyaa| jisake kAraNa unhoMne 1 hisTrI Apha iDiyana liTarecara ( ema0 vinTaranitsa ) vAlyUma sekeNDa, pR0 282 / 2 (ka) saMskRta zAstroM kA itihAsa - baladeva upAdhyAya, pR0 234 / (kha) ardASTamanAmani deze dhundhukAbhidhAne nagare zrImanmoDhavaMze cAciganAmA vyavahArI satIjanamatallikA jinazAsanazAsanadevIva tatsadharmacAriNI zarIriNIya zrI pAhiNInAmnI cAmuNDAgotrajAyA AdyAkSareNAMkita - nAmA tayo putrazcAgadevo'bhUt / - prabadhacintAmaNihemasUricaritra, pR0 83 / 3 prabandhacintAmaNi - hemasUricaritra, pR0 83 / 4 prabhAvakacarita- hemacandrasUricarita, zloka 34 / 5 kAvyAnuzAsana - hemacandra, pro0 pArIkha kI aMgrajI prastAvanA, pR0 266 6 kumArapAla pratiboSa - hemacandrajanmAdivarNana, pR0 21 /

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bAvApo kA balakAramAna ve yogadAna AcArya hemacandra ke nAma se pratiSThA prApta kI / unakI mRtyu vi0 saM0 1299 meM AcArya hemacandra ne vyAkaraNa, koza, chanda, malakAra, darzana, purA, itihAsa Adi vividha viSayo para saphalatApUrvaka sAhitya sRjana kiyA hai| zabdAnuzAsana, kAvyAnuzAsana, chandonuzAsana, dayAzraya mahAkAvya, yogazAla, dvAtrizikAeM, abhidhAna-cintAmaNi tathA triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita ye unakI pramukha racanAeM haiN| isa prakAra AcArya hemacandra eka sAtha kavi, kathAkAra, itihAsakAra, evaM mAlocaka the| ve saphala aura samartha sAhityakAra ke rUpa me prakhyAta hue haiN| pAzcAtya vidvAn DA. piTarsa ne unake vidvatApUrNa granthoM ko dekhakara unhe 'jJAnamahodadhi' jaisI upAdhi se alakRta kiyA hai / kAvyAnuzAsana kAvyAnugAsana AcArya hemacandra kA alakAra viSayaka ekamAtra grantha hai| isakI racanA vi0 sa0 1166 ke lagabhaga huI hai| isame sUtrAtmaka zailI kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| kAvya prakAza ke pazcAt race gaye prastuta grantha meM dhvanyAloka, locana, abhinava bhAratI, kAvya-mImAsA aura kAvya-prakAza se lambe-lambe uddharaNa prastuta kie gae hai| jisase kucha vidvAna ise sagraha anya kI koTi me mAnate haiM, kintu unakI kucha navIna mAnyatAo kA prastuta grantha me vivecana milatA hai / AcArya mammaTa ne kula 67 alaMkAro kA ullekha kiyA hai, kintu hemacandra ne mAtra 26 alaMkAro kA ullekha kara zeSa kA inhI meM antarbhAva kiyA hai| mammaTa ne jisa ala kAra ko aprastutaprazasA nAma diyA hai, use hemacandra ne "anyokti" nAma se abhihita kiyA hai| mammaTa kAvya prakAza ko 10 ullAso meM vibhakta karake bhI utanA viSaya nahI de pAye haiM, jitanA hemacandra ne kAmyAnuzAsana ke kevala baghyAyo me prastuta kiyA hai| isake sAtha hI hemacandra ne alakAra-zAstra meM sarvaprathama nATya viSayaka tatvoM kA samAveza kara eka navIna paramparA kA pranayana kiyA hai, jisakA anusaraNa paravartI AcArya vizvanAtha Adi ne bhI kiyA hai| 1 jaina sAhitya kA bRhae itihAsa, bhAga 6, pR. 76 / 2 hemacandrAcArya kA ziSya maNDala, pR04| 3 jaina sAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa, bhAga 5, pR.100|

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kAmAkhAta mAya gAye bAte ) 12) barmakAracUDAmaNi mAmaka vRtti aura (3) bika gAyaka ttiikaa| ina sInoM ke pitA bhAcArya hemacandra hI hai| yaha grantha mAu bhayAnoM meM simakta hai| prathama adhyAya meM kAmpa-prayojana, kAvya-hetu, kavi-samaya, kAvya-zakSaNa, guNa-doSa kA sAmAnya lakSaNa, alaMkAra kA sAmAnya lakSaNa, balakArI ke grahaNa aura tyAga kA niyama, zabdArtha-svarUpa, lakSya aura vyagya varSa kA svarUpa, zabdazaktimUlaka-vyaMgya me nAnArtha nibandhana, maryazaktimUlavyaMgya ke vastu aura balakAra ina do bhedo tathA isake pada vAgya aura prabandha ke aneka bhedo kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI arthazaktyubhava-dhvani ke svataH sabhavI, kaviproToktimAtraniSpanna zarIra, ina athavA kaviniyavavastRproToktimAnaniSpanna -zarIra ina bhedo ke kathana ko anucita batAyA gayA hai| dvitIya adhyAya me rasa-svarUpa, rasa ke bheda-prabheda tathA unakA sodAharaNa lakSaNa-nirUpaNa, sthAyibhAva aura vyabhicAribhAvo kI gaNanA evaM unakA sodAharaNa lakSaNa, ATha sAvika-bhAvo kI gaNanA tathA kAvyabhedo kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| tRtIya adhyAya me doSa kA vizeSa lakSaNa, ATha rasadoSo, 13 vAkyadoSoM aura ubhaya, (pada-bAkya) doSo tathA arthadoSo kA sodAharaNa vivecana kiyA gayA hai| caturtha adhyAya me mAdhurya, prasAda aura oja ina tIna guNo ke sabheda makSaNa aura udAharaNa tathA tat-sat guNo me Avazyaka boM kA mumphana kiyA hai / pacama adhyAya meM anuprAsa, yamaka, citra, zleSa, vakrokti aura punaruktavadAbhAsa zabdAlaMkAro ke sabheda lakSaNa aura udAharaNo kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| SaSTha adhyAya me upamA, utprekSA, rUpaka, nidarzanA, dIpaka, manyokti, paryAyokta, pratiyokti, mAkSepa, viroSa, sahokti, samAsokti, jAti (svabhAvoksi) vyAjastuti, zleSa, vyatireka, arthAntaranyAsa, sasandeha, apahanuti, parivRtti, anumAna, smRti, bhrAnti, viSama, sama, samuccaya, parisaMkhyA, kAraNamAlA aura zaMkara, ina 26 barthAlaMkArIkA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| bataba banyAya meM nAyaka kA svarUpa, usake mATha sAtvikaguNoM kA sobAharaNa bANa, mAyaka ke pAra bheva, unakA sodAharaNa svarUpa, nAyaka ke avasthA meva aura unakA soharakaNa, pratinAyaka, nAyikA bhava, usakI svAdhIna

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jainAcAryoM kA alaMkArazAstra meM yogadAna patikA Adi ATha abasthAo kA sodAharaNa varNana tathA striyoM ke bIsa satvana anakAroM kA salakSaNa-sodAharaNa vivecana kiyA gayA hai / ___ aSTama adhyAya me prabadhakAvya ke do bheda-dRzya aura zravya, puna dRzya ke do bheda-pAThya aura geya, tatpazcAt pAThya ke nATaka, prakaraNa, nATikA, samavakAra, IhAmRga, Dima, vyAyoga, utsRSTikAka, prahasana, bhANa, vIthI aura saTTaka Adi bhedo kA lakSaNa diyA gayA hai| isI zRkhalA me geya ke DombikA, bhANa, prasthAna, ziMgaka, bhANikA, preraNa, rAmAkrIDa, hallIsaka, rAsaka, goSThI, zrIgadita, rAga aura kAvya kA lakSaNa diyA gayA hai| tadanantara mahAkAvya, AkhyAyikA, kathAAkhyAna, nidarzana prabalikA, matallikA, maNikulyA, parikathA, khaNDakathA, sakalakathA, upakathA, bRhatkathA tathA dhampU ina zrabya kAthyo kA salakSaNa vivecana kiyA gayA hai / anta me muktaka, sandAnitaka, vizeSaka, kalApaka, kulaka aura koza kA salakSaNa vivecana hai / rAmacandra-guNacandra rAmacandra aura guNacandra kA nAma prAya sAtha-sAtha liyA jAtA hai| ina vidvAno ke mAtA-pitA aura vaza ityAdi ke viSaya me koI ullekha nahI milatA hai / ata itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki ye dono vidvAn satItharya ke the / AcArya rAmacandra ne apane aneka grantho meM apane ko AcArya hemacandra kA ziSya batalAyA hai / ye unake paTTadhara ziSya the / eka bAra tatkAlIna gurjara nareza siddharAja jayasiMha ne AcArya hemacandra se pUchA ki Apake paTTa ke yogya 1 zabda-pramANa-sAhitya chandolakSmavidhAyinAm / zrI hemacandrapAdAnA prasAdAya namo nama // ___-hindI nATya-darpaNa vivRtti, antima prazasti. padya 1 / sUtradhAra-datta zrImadAcAryahamacandrasya ziSyeNa rAmacandraNa viracita nalavilAsAbhidhAnamAdya rupakamabhinetumAdeza / nalavilAsa, pR01| zrImadAcAryazrIhemacandraziSyasya prabandhazataka mahAkave. rAmacandrasya bhUyAsa prabandhA / -nirbhayabhIma jyAyoga pR0 1 /

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prathama adhyAya : maina-bAlakArika aura makAra 13 guNavAna ziSya kauna hai ? isake uttara meM hemacandra ne rAmacandra kA nAma liyA thaa| rAmacandra apanI asAdhAraNa pratibhA evaM kavi-karma kuzalatA ke kAraNa 'kavikaTAramalla' kI sammAnita upAdhi se alaMkRta the| yaha upAdhi unhe sivarAja jayasiha ne prasanna hokara pradAna kI thii| isakA ullekha ratnamadiragaNi-gumphita upadezataragiNI meM isa prakAra milatA hai ki eka bAra jayasiMhadeva grISma Rtu me krIDodyAna jA rahe the, usI samaya mArga me rAmacandra mila gye| unhone rAmacandra se pUchA ki, grISma Rtu me dina bar3e kyo hote haiM ? isake uttara meM unhone (tatkAla padya-racanA karake) nimna padya kAhA--- deva zrIgiridurgamalla bhavato digtrayAtrotsave, dhAvaddhIraturaganiSThurakhurakSuNNakSamAmaNDalAt / vAsoddha tarajo milatsurasaritsa jAtapakasthalI dUrvAcumbanacaJcurA ravihayAstenAti vRddha dinam // yaha sunakara siddharAja dvArA puna 'tatkAla pattana-nagara kA varNana karo' yaha kahe jAne para unhone nimna padya kI racanA kI etasyAsya purasya pauravanitAcAturyatA nijitA, manye nAtha / sarasvatI jaDatayA nIra vahantI sthitA / kIrtistambhamiSoccadaNDarucirAmutsUzya vAhAvalItantrIkA gurusiddhabhUpatisarassumbI nijA kacchapIm / / 1 rAjJA zrIsiddharAjenAnyadA nuyuyuje prabhu / bhavatA ko'sti paTTasya yogya ziSyo guNAdhika // -prabhAvakacarita-hemasUriprabandha, padya 126 / 2 mAha zrI hemacandrasya na ko'pyeva hi cintaka / AdyopyabhUdilApAla satpAtrAmbhodhicandramA / sajjJAnamahimasthairya munInA kiM na jAyate / kalpada masame rAzi tvayIhazi kRtasthitI // mastyAmuSyAyako rAmacandrAkhya kRtizekhara / mAtarekha prAtarUpa saMdhe vizvakalAnidhi // vahI, 131-133 3. braSTavya-upadezataraMgiNI, pR0 63 /

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jainAcA kA atakArazAstra meM yogadAna nastara siddharAja ne prasanna hokara sabake sAmane 'kavikaTAramalla upAci pradAna kI thI / mahAkavi rAmaera samasyApUrti karane meM bhI catura the / eka bAra vArANaso se vizvezvara kavi pasana nAmaka nagara Aye tathA ve AcArya hemacandra kI sabhA mai gae / vahA rAjA kumArapAla bhI vidyamAna the / vizvezvara ne kumArapAla ko AzIrvAda dete hue kahA- 'pAtu vo hemagopAla kambalaM daNDamudvahana' cUMki rAjA jaina the, ata unhe kRSNa dvArA apanI rakSA kI bAta acchI nahIM lagI / ataH unhoMne krodha bharI dRSTi se dekhA / tabhI rAmacandra ne ukta zlokArtha kI pUrti ke rUpa meM " SaDdarzanapazugrAma cArayat jaina gocare" yaha kahakara rAjA ko prasanna kara diyA / AcArya rAmacandra kI vidvatA kA paricaya unakI svalikhita kRtiyo me bhI milatA hai / raghuvilAsa me unhone apane ko "vidyAtrayIcaNam" kahA hai | isI prakAra nATyadarpaNa -vivRti kI prArambhika prazasti meM " traividyavedina " tathA atima prazasti meM vyAkaraNa- nyAya aura sAhitya kA jJAtA kahA hai / prArambha me kahe gaye prabhAvakacarita aura upadezatara giNI se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki AcArya hemacandra aura siddharAja jayasiMha samakAlIna the tathA usa samaya taka rAmacandra apanI asAdhAraNa pratibhA ke kAraNa pratiSThA prApta kara cuke the / siddharAja jayasiMha ne sa0 1150 se sa0 1996 ( I0 san 10631142) paryanta rAjya kiyA thaa| mAlavA para vijaya prApta karane ke upalakSa me siddharAja kA svAgata samAroha I0 san 1166 (vi0 sa0 1193 ) me huA 1 prabandha-cintAmaNi kumArapAlAdi prabandha pR0 8 2 pacaprabandhamiSapa camukhAnakena vidvanmana sadasi nRtyati yasya kIrti / vidyAtrayoSaNa macumbitakAvyatandra kasta na veda sukRtI kila rAmacandram // - nalavilAsanATaka - prastAvanA, pR0 33 // 3 prANA kavitva vidyAnAM lAvaNyamiva yoSitAm / vidyavedito'pyasmai tato nitya kRtaspRhA // - prArambhika prazasti, aMtima prazasti, 4 zabdalakSma- prabhAlakSma-kAvyalakSma-kRtazrama | vAgvilAsamA to pravAha iva jAhna ja // 4 pravandhacintAmaNi kumArapAlAdi prabandha, pR0 76 /

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mRtyu - 196 meM hamI kI / isa bIca rAmacandra kA paricaya sivarANa se ho cukA thA tathA prasiddhi bhI prApta kara cuke the| sivarAja jayasiMha ke jarA-- pikArI kumArapAla ne saM0 1998 se 1230' yA usake bhI balarAvikArI ajayadeva ne sa. 1230 se 12335 taka gurjara bhUmi para rAjya kiyA thaa| isI ajayadeva ke zAsana kAla meM rAmacandra ko rAjAjJA dvArA tata tAna-paSTikA para baiThAkara mArA gayA thaa| uparyukta vivecana se anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki bhAcArya rAmacandra kA sAhityika-kAla vi.saM. 1993 se 1233 ke madhya rahA homA / / mahAkavi rAmacandra prabandha-zatakartA ke nAma se vikhyAta haiN| isake saMbadha mai vidvAno ne do prakAra se vicAra abhivyakta kie haiN| kucha vidvAn prabandhazatakartA kA artha "prabandhazata" nAmaka grantha ke praNetA aisA karate hai| dUsare vidvAt isakA artha "sau antho ke praNetA" ke rUpa meM svIkAra karate haiN| DA. ke. eca0 trivedI ne aneka tarkoM ke AdhAra para yaha siddha kiyA hai ki rAmacandra sau pravandhoM ke praNetA the / yaha mata adhika mAnya hai, kyoki aise vilakSaNa eva pratimA sampanna vidvAn ke lie yaha asambhava bhI pratIta nahI hotA hai| unhoMne apane nATya darpaNa me svaracita 11 rUpako kA ullekha kiyA hai| isakI sUcanA prAya "asmadupajJe---" ityAdi padoM se dI gaI hai / jinake nAma nimna prakAra haiM-(1) satya hariSacandra nATaka, (2) nalavilAsa-nATaka, (3) raghuvilAsa-nATaka, (6) yAdavAmyudaya, (5) rASavAbhyudaya, (6) rohiNI mRgAkaprakaraNa, (7) nirbhayabhIma-vyAyoga, (8) kaumudImitrAnanda-prakaraNa, (9) sunA 1 hindI nATya-darpaNa, bhUmikA, pR0 3 / 2 dvAdazasvadha varSANAM zateSu virateSu ca / ekoneSu mahInA sikhAdhIze diva gate // -prabhAvakacarita-hemasUricarita, pR0 167 / 3 prabandhacintAmaNi-kumArapAlAvi prabandha, pR0 15 / 4 vahI, pR. 17 // 5 prabandhacintAmaNi kumArapAlAdi prabandha, pR067| 6 vI nATya varSaNa Apha rAmacandra eNDa guNacandra . eka kriTIkala sTaDo, pR0 216-20 //

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Feng Ke jainAcAryoM kA alaMkArazAstra me yogadAna phala, (10) mallikAmakaranda-prakaraNa aura (11) vanamAlA - nATikA / kumAra bihAra zataka, dravyAlakAra aura yaduvilAsa ye unake anya pramukha grantha hai / etadatarikta kucha choTe-choTe stava bhI pAye jAte haiN| isa prakAra unake upalabdha granthoM kI kula saMkhyA DA0 ke0 eca0 trivedI ne 47 svIkAra kI hai / " nATya-darpaNa yaha nATya viSayaka prAmANika eva maulika grantha hai / isameM mahAkavi rAmacandra guNacandra ne aneka navIna tathyoM kA samAveza kiyA hai / AcArya bharata se lekara dhanajaya taka calI A rahI nATyazAstra kI akSuNNa paramparA kA yuktipUrNa vivecana karate hue AcArya ne prastuta grantha me pUrvAcArya svIkRta nATikA ke mAtha prakaraNikA nAma kI eka navIna vidhA kA sayojana kara dvAdaza-rUpako kI sthApanA kI ha / isI prakAra rasa kI sukha-dukhAtmakatA svIkAra karanA isa grantha kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA hai / nATya darpaNa me nau raso ke atirikta tRSNA, AdratA, Asakti, arati aura satoSa ko sthAyIbhAva mAnakara kramaza laulya, sneha, vyasana, dukha aura mugva-rasa kI bhI sambhAvanA kI gaI hai / isame zAnta rama vA sthAyibhAva zama svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| prastuta grantha me aise aneka grantho kA ullekha milatA hai jo adyAvadhi anupalabdha haiM / kArikA rUpa meM nibaddha kisI bho gUDha viSaya ko apanI svopajJa vivRti me itane spaSTa aura vistAra ke sAtha prastuta kiyA hai ki sAdhAraNa buddhi vAle vyakti ko bhI viSaya samajhane meM kaThinAI kA anubhava nahI karanA paDatA hai / isIlie isa grantha kI katipaya vizeSatAo ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue AcArya baladeva upAdhyAya ne likhA hai ki nATya viSayaka zAstrIya grantho me nATyadarpaNa kA sthAna mahatvapUrNa hai / yaha vaha zRGkhalA hai jo dhanajaya ke sAtha vizvanAtha kavirAja ko joDatI hai / isame aneka viSaya baDe mahatvapUrNa haiM tathA paramparAgata siddhAnto se 1 vahI, pR0 221-222 / nalavilAsa ke sapA0 jI0 ke0 gonDekara eva nATyadarpaNa ke hindI vyAkhyAkAra AcArya vizvezvara ne ukta gratho kI bhUmikA me rAmacandra ke jJAta grantho kI kula saMkhyA 36 mAnI hai / 2 sthAyIbhAva zritotkarSo vibhAvavyabhicAribhi / spaSTAnubhAvanizcaya sukhadukhAtmako 3 vahI, pR0 306 / rasa. // - hindI nAdarpaNa, 317

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32 jainAcAryoM kA alaMkArazAstra meM yogadAna 5 kAmarAja kI prArthanA para zRGgArArNava candrikA nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI thI isame inhoMne karnATaka ke suprasiddha kavi guNavarmA kA nAmollekha kiyA hai / " guNavarmA kA samaya I0 san 1225 (vi0 sa0 1282 ) ke lagabhaga mAnA jAtA hai / ata vijayavarNo kA samaya karnATaka- kavi guNavarmA ke pazcAt mAnanA hogA / 'zRGgArArNava- candrikA' ke prArambhika bhAga se spaSTa hotA hai ki zrI vIranarasiMha nAmaka rAjA vagabhUmi kA prazAsaka thA / unakI rAjadhAnI vagavATI thii| I0 san 1208 (vi0 sa0 1265 ) me vIranarasiMha ke putra candrazekhara arbhUmi ke zAsaka hue the, puna I0 san 1224 me inake choTe bhAI pANDyappa sihAsanArUDha hue / tatpazcAt inakI bahina viTThalAdevI rAjya kI sacAlikA niyukta kI giiN| isI krama me I0 san 1244 (vi0 sa0 1301 ) me viTThalA devI ke putra kAmirAja rAjasiMhAsana para ArUDha hue the / inhI kAmirAja kI prArthanA para vijayavarNI ne 'zrRGgArArNava candrikA' kI racanA kI thI, ata vijayavarNI kAmirAja ke samakAlIna Thaharate haiM tathA ukta grantha kI racanA bhI isI ke Asa-pAsa hone se IsA kI terahavI zatI ke madhya me huI hogI / vijayabaNa ne kAmirAja ko 'guNArNava' aura 'rAjendrapUjita' ye do vizeSaNa die hai, sAtha hI pANDvaga kA bhAgineya aura mahAdevI viTThalAmbA kA putra likhA hai| isase bhI dono kI samakAlInatA siddha hotI hai / ata kAmirAja 6 mAlakArasagraha | nRprArthitena niyate sUriNA nAmnA zRGgArArNavacandrikA || 1 indha 2 guNavarmAdikarnATakakavInA - zRGgArArNavacandrikA 1 / 22 suktisacaya / vANIvilAsa deyAte rasikAnanda dAyinam || vahIM, 1 // 7 // 3 tIthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA, khaNDa 4, pR0 306 / 4 zRGgArArNava- candrikA, 1111-12 / 5 prazasti saMgraha ke0 bhujabalI zAstrI, pR0 77-78 / 6 tasya zrI pANDyavagasya bhAgineyo guNArNava / viTThalAmbA mahAdevI putrI rAjendrapUjita || - zRGgArArNavacandrikA, 1316

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42 jainAcAryoM kA balakArazAstra meM yogadAna nAmaka cAra prabheda, nAyaka ke guNa, nAyaka ke anucara, nAyikAbheda, strI kI ATha avasthAe~, dasa kAmAvasthAeM, aura kAlAdi-aucityoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / maNDana-mantrI maNDana kA nAma prAya maNDana maMtrI ke rUpa me jAnA jAtA hai / ye zrImAla ' vaza me paidA hue the / inake pitA kA nAma bAhara aura pitAmaha kA nAma kAMjhar3a thA / ye bar3e pratibhA sampanna vidvAn aura rAjanItijJa the / zrImanta kula me utpanna hone ke kAraNa uname lakSmI eva sarasvatI kA abhUtapUrva mela thA / ye udAra aura dayAlu prakRti ke the / alpavaya me hI maNDana mAlavA me mAMDavagar3ha ke bAdazAha hozaga ke kRpApAtra bana gaye the aura kAlAntara meM unake pramukha mantrI bane / samrATa hoga inakI vidvatA para mugdha the / rAjakArya ke atirikta bace samaya ko maNDana vidvat sabhAo me hI vyatIta karate the / ye pratyeka vidvAn aura kavi kA bahuta sammAna karate the tathA unako bhojana-vastra eva yogya pAritoSika Adi dekara unakA utsAhavardhana karate the / maNDana saMgIta ke vizeSa premI the / isake atirikta ve jyotiSa, chanda, alaMkAra, nyAya, vyAkaraNa Adi anya vidyAmo me bhI nipuNa the / maNDana kI vidvatsabhA me kaI vidvAna evaM kuzala kavi sthAyI rUpa se rahate the, jinakA samasta vyaya vaha svayaM vahana karate the / maNDana ke dvArA likhe eva likhavAye gaye grantho kI pratiyo me pradata prazastiyoM se jJAta hotA hai ki maNDana vikrama kI pandrahavI zatAbdI taka jIvita the / 2 maNDana ne aneka grantho kI racanA kI hai jiname se nimna grantha prakAza meM Ae haiM - (1) kAdambarI darpaNa, (2) campUmaNDana, (3) candravijayaprabandha, zrImAlavaM zonnate 1 zrImadvanyajinendranirbharatate zrImadAnandanasya dadhata zrImaNDarrear kave / kAvye kauravapANDavodayakathAramye kRtau sadguNe mAdhuryaM pRSTha kAvyamaNDana ite sargo'yamAdyo'bhavat / / - kAvyamaNDana, prathama sarga --antima prazasti / 2 zrI yatIndrasUri abhinandana grantha, 'matrImaMDana aura unakA gauravazAlI vaMza' -pR0 128, 134 //

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prathama sammAna na-bhAvakArika aura bArasAsna 4 (V) salakAramAna, (5) kAyamaNDana, (1) zRGgAramaNDana, (7) saMgItamaNDana, (8) upasarga-maNDana, (9) sArasvatamaNDana, (10) kavikalpana m'| iilkssaamntl prastuta kRti maNDana mantrI kI alakAra viSayaka racanA hai| isameM unhoMne alaMkAra-zAstrIya viSayo kA samAveza kiyA hai, jo nAma se hI spaSTa hai| asaMkAra-maNDana pAMca paricchedoM meM vibhAjita hai| isake prathama pariccheda meM kAvya kA lakSaNa, usake prakAra aura rItiyoM kA nirUpaNa hai| dvitIya pariccheda me doSo kA varNana hai| tRtIya pariccheda meM guNoM kA svarUpa-darzana hai| caturtha pariccheda me raso kA nidarzana hai / pacama pariccheda me alakAro kA vivaraNa hai| bhAvadevasUri AcArya bhAvadevasUri pratibhA sampanna vidvAna the| unakA samaya IsA kI caudahavI zatAbdI kA uttarArdha aura pandrahavI zatAbdI kA pUrvAdha pratIta hotA hai, kyoMki inhoMne pAzrvanAtha-carita kI racanA vi0saM0 1412 me zrIpattana nAmaka nagara meM kI thI, jisakA ullekha pArzvanAtha-carita kI prazasti meM kiyA gayA hai| bhAvadevasUri ke guru kA nAma jinadevasUri thaa| ye kAlikAcArya santAnIya khaDillagaccha kI paramparA ke AcArya the| AcArya bhAvadevasUri ne alaMkAra viSayaka kAvyAlakArasArasa graha ke atirikta aura kitane tathA kauna-kauna se antho kI racanA kI hai, yaha spaSTa nahI kahA jA sakatA hai| kyoki ina prantho me paraspara eka dUsare kA kahI bhI 1 zrI yatIndrasUri abhinandana pantha, 'maMtrImaNDana aura unakA gauravazAlI vaza', pR. 133 / 2 jaina sAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa, bhAga 1, pR0 118 / 3 teSA vinayavinayI bahu bhAvadeva sUri prasanna jinadevaguruprasAdAt / zrIpattanAsyanagare ravi vizvavarSe pAvapramozcaritaratnamiva tatAna / / __ -pArzvanAtha-carita, prazasti, 14 / / 5. mAsIt svAmisudharmasantatimayo devendravandhakrama., zrImAn kAnikasUridratayuga mAmAbhirAma puraa| jIyAdeSa samanvaye jinapati-prAsAda tugAla, bhAjiSNa, nirAgAranidhi' khaNDillagacchAmbuSi / / vahI, prazasti, 4.

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jainAcAyoM kA alaMkArazAstra meM yogadAna 1 ullekha nahI hai, kintu 'pArzvanAtha carita' ' 'jaidicariyA ( yati-dina varmA) aura 'kAlikAcAryakathA' nAmaka grantho me kAlikAcArya-santAnIya bhAvadevasUri kA spaSTa ullekha kiyA gayA hai, ata yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki uparyukta granthoM ke racayitA prastuta bhAvadevasUri hI hoge / uparyukta samaya nirdhAraNa unake ' pArzvanAtha carita' ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai / na agaracanda nAhaTA ke eka lekha se jJAta hotA hai ki bhAvadevasUri para eka rAsa kI racanA kI gaI hai, jisame unake zIladeva Adi 18 sthavira ziSyoM kA ullekha hai / rAsa me yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki sa0 1604 me bhAvadevasUri ko prasiddhi prApta huI thii| isake atirikta ukta lekha se yaha bhI jJAta huA hai ki anUpa saMskRta lAibra erI me sUri jI ke ziSya mAladeva racita 'kalpAntarvAcya' nAmaka grantha kI prati upalabdha hai jisakI racanA sa0 1612 yA 14 me kI gaI hai, usakI prazasti ke eka padya me kAlakAcarita kA ullekha hai ityAdi / ukta rAsa ke nAyaka bhAvadevasUri ko sa0 1604 me prasiddhi prApta huI thI tathA pArzva nAtha-carita' ke racayitA bhAvadevasUri ne 'pArzvanAthacarita' kI racanA sa0 1412 me kI hai / ina dono tithiyoM meM paryApta antarAla hai / ata ukta dono AcAryoM ko eka hI mAnanA yukti sagata pratIta nahI hotA hai / sambhava hai prazasti bAda meM jor3I gaI ho aura lipikAra ne bhAvadevasari kI prasiddhi ke kAraNa pramAdavazAt kAlavAcarita kA ullekha karane vAle ukta padya kA samAveza kara diyA ho / 1 pArzvanAthacarita, prazasti, 5, 14 / 2 sirIkAlikasUrIjaM vasuvyava bhAvadevasUrIhi / sakaliyA dinacariyA esA yovamaija ga (I) jogA || - yati dinacaryA - prAnte, gA0 154 ( alakAra-mahodadhi, prastAvanA, pR0 17) / 3 tatpAdapadmamadhupA vijJA zrIbhAvadevasUrINA / zrI kAlakAcarita puna kRta yai svagI pusyeM // -- jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, bhAga 14, kiraNa 2, pR0 38 // 4 'bhAvadevasUri evaM lAhaura ke sulatAna sambandhI vizeSa jJAtavya' -- yaha lekha jaina siddhAnta bhAskara bhAga 14, kiraNa 2 ke 37 pRSTha para prakAzita hai / 5 tatpAdapadam madhupA svargA pUyeM / - jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, bhAga 140 kiraNa 2, pR0 30 /

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prathama adhyAya : jaina-mAlaMkArika aura alaMkArazAstra kAvyAlakArasAra-saMgraha ' AcArya bhAvadevasUri viracita 'kAvyAlakArasAra-saMgraha' nAmaka grantha saMkSipta kintu mahatvapUrNa hai / isame AcArya bhAvadevasUri ne prAcIna grantho se sArabhUta tasvo ko grahaNa kara saMgrahIta kiyA hai / " yaha grantha ATha adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai, frent fvaSayavastu nimna prakAra hai prathama adhyAya meM kAvya-prayojana, kAvya-hetu aura kAvya-svarUpa kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / dvitIya adhyAya meM mukhya, lAkSaNika aura vyaMjaka nAmaka tIna zabda-bheda, unake abhiSA, lakSaNA aura vyajanA nAmaka tIna arthameva tathA bAcya, lakSya aura vyagya nAmaka tIna vyApAro kA sakSepa me vivecana kiyA gayA hai| tRtIya adhyAya me zrutikaTu, cyutasaskRti Adi 32 pada doSo kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / ye 32 doSa vAkya ke bhI hote haiN| tatpazcAt apuSTArtha-kaSTa Adi ATha arthadoSo kA nAmollekha kara kiMcit vivecana kiyA gayA hai / caturtha adhyAya me sarvaprathama vAmana sammata dasa guNoM kA vivecana kara mAmaha aura Anandavardhana sammata tIna guNo kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / puna zobhA, abhiSA, hetu, pratiSedha, nirukti, yukti, kArya aura siddhi nAmaka ATha kAvyacinho kA vivecana kiyA hai / pacama adhyAya meM vakrokti, anuprAsa, yamaka, zleSa, citra aura punaruktavadAbhAsa nAmaka cha zabdAlaMkAro kA sodAharaNa nirUpaNa kiyA hai / SaSTha adhyAya me upamA, utprekSA, rUpaka yadi 50 aryAlaMkAro kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / saptama adhyAya meM pAMcAlI, lATI, goDI aura vaidarbhI nAmaka cAra rItiyo kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / aSTama adhyAya me bhAva, vibhAva, anubhAva Adi kA mAtra nAmollekha hai / padmasundaragaNi zvetAmbara jaina vidvAna paM0 padmasundaragaNi nAgaurI tapAgaccha ke prasiddha 3 AcArya bhAvadevena prAdhyazAstra mahodadhe / AdAya sAraratnAni to alaMkAra - sagraha || -kAvyAlaMkArasAra-saMgraha, 8/

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46 jainAcAryo kA alakArazAstra me yogadAna bhaTTAraka yati the / inake guru kA nAma padmameda aura praguru kA nAma Anandameru thA / pacasundaramaNi ko mugala bAdazAha akabara kI sabhA meM bahu-sammAna prApta thA / unakI paramparA ke paravartI bhaTTAraka yati 'harSakIrtisUri' kI 'dhAtutaraMgiNI" ke pATha se jJAta hotA hai ki unhone bAdazAha akabara kI sabhA me kisI mahA'paNDita ko parAjita kiyA thA, jisake sammAna svarUpa unhe bAdazAha akabara kI ora se rezamI vastra, pAlakI aura grAma Adi bheMTa meM prApta hue the, ve jodhapura ke hindU nareza mAlavadeva dvArA sammAnita the / ' itanA hI nahI inake guru pitA humAyU~ aura pitAmaha meru aura praguru Anandameru ko kramaza akabara ke bAbara kI rAjasabhA me pratiSThA prApta thI / " padmasundaragaNi ne ( akabara sAhi) - zRGgAra darpaNa kI racanA vi0 sa01626 ke AsapAsa kI hai tathA zvetAmbarAcArya hIravijaya kI bAdazAha akabara se bheMTa vi0 sa0 1636 meM huI thI, usa samaya padmasundaramaNi kA svargavAsa ho cukA thA / ata padmasundaragaNi kA samaya vikrama kI 17vI (IsA kI 16vIM kA uttarArdha) zatAbdI mAnanA upayukta hogA / padmasundaramaNi ne sAhitya, nATaka, koSa, alakAra, jyotiSa aura stotra viSayaka aneka grantho kA praNayana kiyA hai / digambara sampradAya ke vidvAn rAyamalla se unakI pragAr3ha maitrI thii| isalie unhoMne kucha grantho kI racanA rAyamahala ke anurodha para bhI kI hai| unake pramukha grantha nimna prakAra haiM- rAmamallAbhyudayakAvya, yadusundara mahAkAvya, pArzvanAthacarita, jambUcarita, rAja 1 sAhe sasadi padmasundaragaNijitvA mahApaNDita, kSaumyA sukhAsanAakabara zrIsAhito labdhavAn / hindUkA dhimAladevanRpatermAbhyo vadAmyoSika, zrImadyoSapure surepsitabaca padyAhvaya pAThaka m // - jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa nAthUrAma premI, pR0 365 kA sandarbha | 2 mAnyo bApa (ba) ra mRbhujo'tra jayarAT tadvat hamAU~ nRpotyarthe prItimanA sumAnyamakarodAnaMdarAyA bhiva / tadvatsA hi ziromaNe rakabarakSmApAla - cUDAmaNemanya paDitapadmasundara ihAbhUta paDitavAtajit // - akabarasAhi zRGgAradarpaNa - bhUmikA, pR0 3 jaina sAhitya bora itihAsa, pR0 396 /

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prathama adhyAya - jaina-AlekArika aura anArazAstra 47 praznIya mAdhyapadanikA, paramatavyavacchevasthAhAvApriMzikA, pramANasundara, sArasvatarUpamAlA, sundaraprakAzazabdArNaca, hAyana-sundara, SaDbhASAmitanemistava, paramaMgalikAstotra, bhAratIstotra, bhaviSyadattacarita aura zAna-candrodaya mATaka mAdi / DaoN. nemicandra jyotiSAcArya ne inako kevala do hI racanAvoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| bhaviSyadatta carita aura rAyamallAbhyudaya mahAkAvya / ' jabaki paM. nAthUrAma premI aura DaoN gulAbacandra caudharI ne inakI anya kRtiyo kA bhI sapramANa ullekha kiyA hai / akabarasAhi zRgAra darpaNa prastuta alakArazAstra viSayaka grantha mugala bAdazAha akabara kI prazaMsA meM racA gayA hai / isake pratyeka ullAsa ke anta meM akabara prazasti-padyoM kI racanA kI gaI hai / akabarasAhizRGgAra-darpaNa kI tulanA dazasyaka aura nAmya-darpaNa se kI jA sakatI hai, kyoki isame nATayazAstrIya tatvo kA vizeSa rUpa se ullekha kiyA gayA hai / cAra ullAso meM vibhAjita isa grantha meM kula 345 paba haiN| prathama ullAsa me kavi ne sarvaprathama ATha padoM me akabara ke pUrvajoM tathA akabara kA virudagAna kiyA hai| puna mavarasa, sthAyIbhAva gaNanA, rasa-sakSaNa tathA vyabhicArI bhAvo aura sAtvika bhAvoM kI saMkhyA kA nirdeza kiyA hai| zRgArarasa svarUpa, usake bheda-prabhedo kA sodAharaNa nirUpaNa, nAyaka-svarUpa, salakSaNodAharaNa nAyaka-bheda, narmasaciva-svarUpa, usake pIThamarda, viTa aura vidUSaka ina tIna bhedo kA nirUpaNa, nAyikA svarUpa, usake bheda-prabheda Adi kA sodAharaNa varNana kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya ullAsa me parakIyA ke do bheda batalAye gaye haiM-kanyA aura uddhaa| puna paravadhU dvArA nAyaka ke aneka prakAra se darzanoM kA anubhava karane kA ullekha hai| tatpazcAt amyavIyakanyA svarUpa, mugdhA ( nAmikara) ceSTA, uddhatamanmathA, dukhasaMsthA, pAMganA tathA svAdhInapatikA, ulkA, vAsakasajjikA abhisandhitA, viprasambA, bANDitA, abhisArikA evaM proSitapatikA ina bATha nAyikA medoM ke sobAharaNa samaga die hai| isI krama meM uttama, madhyama aura baSama nAyikAoM kA salakSaNodAharama nirUpama kiyA gayA hai| 1. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA, khaNDa 4, pR. / 2. braTamya-jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, pR. 365 3 pradhabya-jaina sAhitya kA yA etihAsa, bhAga 6, pR.67 /

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jainAcAryo kA balakArazAstra meM yogadAna tRtIya ullAsa me vipralambha zRGgAra ke cAra bheda--- pUrvAnurAga, mAnAtmA, pravAsa aura karuNa, kAma kI dasa avasthA - abhilASa, cintA, smRti, yujakIrtana, udyoga, pralApa, unmAda, vyAdhi, jaDatva aura maraNa, va gArAbhAsa, parastrIsaMgamopAya mAna ke tIna bheda-gurU, madhya aura laghu, mAninI nAyikA ko manAne ke cha upAya - sAma, dAna, bheda, upekSA, praNati aura prathama vibhrama Adi kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / puna pati ke lie anurAga pUrvaka tathA anapUrvaka prayukta nAmo kA u leva kiyA gayA hai / anta me pravAsa viSayaka varNana hai / 48 caturtha ullAsa me sarvaprathama vipralambha ke caturtha bheda karuNa kA salakSaNodAharaNa vivecana kiyA gayA hai / puna prativezmA, naTI, ceTo, kAra, ghAtrI, zilpinI, bAlA aura tapasvinI Adi nAyikA kI sakhiyo ( sahAyikAo) ke nAma, unake guNa tathA kautuka, maNDana, rakSA, upAlambha, prasAdana, sahayoga aura viraha me AzvAsana Adi sakhiyoM ke kAryoM kA ullekha, hAsya, raudra, vIra, bhayAnaka, bIbhatsa, adbhuta aura zAntarasa kA sabheda svarUpa, udAharaNa tathA nake anubhAva Adi kA varNana virodhI rasa samAveza aura zRgAra, hAsya, karuNa, raudra, bhayAnaka tathA adabhuta rasa me pAye jAne vAle bhAvo kA pRthakapRthak nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / tatpazcAt kauzikI, ArabhaTI, sAsvatI aura bhAratI ina cAra rItiyo kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / isI krama meM kAvya dUSaNa, pratyanIka- rasa, virasa, du sandhAnarasa, nIrasakAvya, duSTapAtra Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / siddhicandragaNi siddhicandragaNa apane samaya ke mahAna TIkAkAra aura sAhityakAra the| ye tApagacchIya upAdhyAya bhAnucandragaNi ke ziSya the / bhAnucandramaNi aura siddhicandragaNi ko mugala bAdazAha akabara ke darabAra meM samAna rUpa se sammAna prApta thA | siddhicandragaNi zatAvadhAnI the / unake prayoga dekhakara bAdazAha akabara ne 'khuzaphahama' ( tIkSNa buddhi ) kI mAnaprada upAdhi pradAna kI thI, ' jisakI puSTi unake dvArA racita pratyeka grantha kI antima prazasti se hotI 1 jaina sAhityano sakSipta itihAsa, pR0 554 /

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prathama adhyAya : jaina-vArtakArika vIra artakArazAstra sara 1 ina prazastiyoM se yaha bhI jJAta hotA hai ki inhoMne apane prabhAva ke dvArA zatrujaMya tIrtha para lage hue kara ko mApha karAyA thA tathA siddhAcala parvata para maMdira nirmANa kArya meM bAdhaka rAjakIya nizedhAjJA ko bhI haTavAyA thA 1 siddhicandragaNi apane guru bhAnucandragaNi ke aneka sAhityika anuhAnoM ke sahayogI the| bANabhaTTa racita kAdambarI para apane guru ke sAtha likhI gaI sant TIkA sarvAdhika prasiddha hai| isa TIkA ke adhyayana se inake koza viSayaka jJAna kA sahaja hI anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai, ye cha. zAstroM ke jJAtA tathA phArasI ke adhyetA the / siddhacandragaNi ne dhAtumaMjarI nAmaka grantha kI racanA vi0 saM0 1650 ( I0 san 1593 ) * aura kAvyaprakAza khaNDana kI racanA bi0 sa0 1703 ( I0 san 1646) 6 me kI thI tathA bAsavadattA kI TIkA savat 1722 ( I0 san 1665) meM kI thI / ata inakA sAhityika-kAla ukta tithiyo ke madhya mAnanA hogA / itanA lambA sAhityika kAla inake dIrghajIvI hone kA puSTa pramANa hai / 1 kAdambarI-TIkA uttarArddha kI antima prazasti nimna prakAra hai-iti zrIpAdazAha zrI akabara jalAladIna sUryasahasranAmAdhyApaka zrI zatruMjayatIrthaMkara mocatreatekRta vidhAyaka mahopAdhyAyazrIbhAnucandragaNistacchiSyASTottarazatAbamAnasAdhakapramuditapAdazAha zrI akabara pradattakhuSkaha mAparAbhidhAnamahopAdhyAzrIsiddhicandragaNiviracitAyAM kAdambarITIkAmuttarakhaNDaTIkA samAptA / - bhAnucandragaNicarita - siddhicandrakRtagrantha prazastyAdi, pR0 58 / 2 jaina sAhityano sakSipta itihAsa, pR0 554 / 3 jaina sAhitya kA bRhada itihAsa, bhAga 6, pR0 216 | 4. kartA zatAvadhAnAnAM vijetommattavAdinAm / dar ale zAstrANAmadhyetA phArasImapi // - - ( bhaktAmara stotravRtti) bhAnucandrayabhicarita, pR0 59 5. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 5, pR0 45 6 saMvat 1703 varSe Azvina zudi 5 guro likhitam- -kAvyapraka za - khaNDana, pR0 101 / bhAnucandramaNi carita saMgrahIta kAvyaprakAza khaNDana kI prazasti meM lekhana kAla saMvat 1722 milA hai| - bhAnucandragaNi carita, pR0 12 / pR0 61 /

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jainAcAryoM kA balakArazAstra meM yogadAna jaisA ki prArambha meM kahA gayA hai ki siddhicandragaNi eka mahAn TIkAkAra aura sAhityakAra the| inhe vyAkaraNa-nyAya aura sAhitya-zAstra kA Thosa jJAna thaa| jisakI puSTi unake dvArA race gaye sAhitya se hotI hai| sUkti-ralAkara inake gahana adhyayana aura pANDitya kA dyotaka hai / unake dvArA viracita adyAvadhi jJAta grandho kI sakhyA 16 hai, jinake nAma nimna prakAra haiM-kAdambarI uttarA TIkA, zobhanastuti TIkA, vRkSaprastAvokti-ratnAkara, bhAnucandra-carita, bhaktAmarastotra-vRtti, tarkabhASA-TokA, jinazataka-TIkA, vAsavadattA-TIkA, kAvyaprakAza-khaNDana, anekArthopasarga-vRtti, dhAtumajarI, AkhyAtavAda-TIkA, prAkRtasubhASita saMgraha, sUktiratnAkara, magalavAda, saptasmaraNavRtti, lekhalikhanapaddhati aura sakSipta kAdambarI kathAnaka' / isake atirikta kAvyaprakAza khaNDana meM kAvya-prakAza para likhI gaI guru nAmaka bRhad TIkA kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| kAvyaprakAzakhaNDana ___ AcArya mammaTa viracita kAvyaprakAza kA sIdhA sIdhA artha lagAnA hI duSkara hai, puna usakA khaNDana karanA to aura bhI atiduSkara hai| kintu prAcArya siddhicandragaNi ne kAvyaprakAza kA khaNDana kara apanI prakhara buddhi kA merudaNDa sthApita kiyA hai| inhone kAvyaprakAza ke unhI sthaloM kA khaNDana kiyA hai, jiname unakI asahamati thii| prastuta racanA ke kAraNo para prakAza DAlate hue muni jinavijaya ne likhA hai ki-'mahAkavi mammaTa ne kAvya-racanA viSayaka jo vistRta vivecana apane vizad grantha me kiyA hai, usame se kisI lakSaNa, kisI udAharaNa, kisI pratipAdana eva kisI nirasana sambandhI ullekha ko siddhicandragaNi ne ThIka nahI mAnA hai aura isaliye unhone apane mantabya ko vyakta karane ke lie prastuta racanA kA nirmANa kiyA / ata isa grantha ke adhyayana se unakI navIna mAnyatAo para prakAza paDatA hai, jiname vairAgya kI jhalaka dRSTigocara hotI hai| kAvyaprakAza-khaNDana kAvyaprakAza kI taraha dasa ullAso ma vibhakta hai| isame pratyeka ullAsa ke viSaya kA usI krama me khaNDana kiyA gayA hai, jisa 1 bhAnucandragaNicarita-inTroDakzana, pR0 71-74 / 2 asmatkRtabRhaTTIkAtomavaseya (pR. 3) gurunAmnA bRhaTTIkAta , pR0 64 / 3 kAvyaprakAza-khaNDana-kiMcit prAstAvika, pR0 3 /

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prathama adhyAya jaina-AlaMkArika aura alaMkArazAstra 51 krama se bAcArya mammaTa ne kAvyaprakAza meM viSaya-vastu kA gumphana kiyA hai / yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki siddhicandragaNi ne unhI viSayoM kA khaNDana kiyA jinameM unakI asahamati hai / prathama ullAsa me sarvaprathama 'niyatikRta niyamarahitA - ' / ityAdi maMgalAcaraNa kA khaNDana kiyA hai, jisame yaha kahA gayA hai ki kavi kI sRSTi meM bhI chanda, rasa, rIti, bhASA aura upamAna kA bandhana hotA hai tathA kAvya sukha-duHkha aura mohAtmaka svarUpa vAlA hI sambhava hai / isI prakAra kAvya kI caturvarga kA sAdhana svIkAra karate hue yaza-prApti Adi kAvya prayojanoM kA khaNDana kiyA hai / puna kAvya svarUpa kA khaNDana kara vizvanAtha ke 'vAkya rasAtmaka kAvyam' isa kAvya svarUpa kA samarthana kiyA hai / anta me rasavAdiyo dvArA mAnya kAvya ke citra bheda nAmaka tRtIya bheda kA khaNDana kiyA hai / dvitIya utlAsa me vyajanA kA khaNDana karake mahimabhaTTa Adi kI taraha dvitIyArtha kI pratIti anumAna ke dvArA svIkAra kI hai / tRtIya ullAsa me ArthI vyajanA ke kucha bhedo kA ullekha kara khaNDana kiyA hai / caturtha ullAsa me zRgAra, vIra, hAsya aura adbhuta ina cAra raso ko svIkAra karate hue, zeSa karuNAdi raso kA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai / jisame batalAyA hai ki karuNa ke mUla me zoka hone se rasa nahI hai / bIbhatsa meM mAMsapUya Adi kI upasthiti se vamana Adi nahI hotA hai yahI Azcarya hai, puna paramAnanda rUpa rasa kahA~ sambhava hai / isI prakAra bhaya me rasAsvAdana kahA~ ? zAnta ke mUla meM sarva viSayoM kA abhAva hone se rasa nahIM hai tathA vIra aura raudra me vibhAvAdi sAmya ke kAraNa abheda hone se raudra ko pRthak rasa nahI mAnA hai / paMcama ulhAsa meM guNIbhUta vyaMgya-kAvya ke bhedoM kA ullekha prastuta kara samIkSA kI hai / SaSTha ullAsa meM citrakAvya ke zabda-citra aura artha citra ina do bhedo kA samarthana kiyA hai / saptama ullAsa me doSa svarUpa kA khaNDana karate hue do doSoM ko svIkAra kiyA hai- (1) kathanIya kA akathana, aura (2) akathanIya kA kathana / puna viSaya ke spaSTIkaraNa hetu doSo kA pRthak-pRthak nAmollekha kara kucha doSo kA

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52 jainAcAyoM kA alaMkArazAstra me yogadAna pUrva doSo me antarbhAva kiyA hai tathA kucha kA navIno ke mata ko prastuta karate hue khaNDana kiyA hai / arthadoSoM kA antarbhAva pUrvokta padAdi doSoM meM kiyA gayA hai / anta me rasadoSo kA ullekha kiyA hai| isa prasaga me bhI khaNDana-zailI pUrvokta prakAra hai / aSTama ullAsa me sarvaprathama guNa aura balakAro kA bheda pradarzana kiyA gayA hai| guNa-svarUpa prasaMga me navIno ke anusAra rasa ke utkarSAdhAyaka hetu rasadharma ko svIkAra kiyA hai / puna mAdhuryAdi tIna guNo kA vivecana kara vAmana sammata dasa guNo kA ullekha kiyA hai tathA rasotkarSaka hone se dasa zabda - guNo ko svIkAra kiyA hai / isI prakAra dasa arthaguNoM kA bhI samarthana kiyA hai mora navIno ke mata ko uddhRta karate hue AsvAda ke hetu bhUta guNo kA apalApa karane vAle kAvyaprakAzakAra kA khaNDana kiyA hai / navama ullAsa me zabdAlakAro kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / dazama ullAsa me aryAlakAro kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| jisame katipatha akAro kA vibhinna alakAro ke antargata samAveza kiyA gayA hai / yathAvyAghAta kA virodha me antarbhAva Adi / prakAzita (mudrita), anupalabdha evaM TIkA grantha kavizikSA - yaha AcArya vappabhaTTasUri (vi0 saM0 800-815 ) kI kRti hai / jo adyAvadhi anupalabdha hai' / kalpalatA - yaha vi0 saM0 1205 se pUrva racita ambAprasAda kI kRti hai / kalpalatA - pallaba - ( saketa ) para racita kalpapallava nAmaka TIkA hai| yaha ambAprasAda kI apanI kRti kalpalatA kalpapallavazeSa - viveka - yaha bhI ambAprasAda kI apanI kRti kalpalatara para para svopajJa TIkA hai| 1 jaina sAhitya kA bRhada itihAsa, bhAga 5, pR0 100 / 2 vahI, pR0 103 / 3 vahI, pR0 105 / 4 vahI, pR0 105 /

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2 kavi aura kAvya kavi jisa kAvya ke rasAsvAdana se sahRdaya ko alaukika Ananda kI anubhUti hotI hai, usa kAvya ke racayitA arthAt kavi kA svarUpa kyA hai ? isakI jijJAsA kA honA svAbhAvika hai| isa viSaya me alakAra-zAstriyo ne do prakAra se vicAra vyakta kie haiM / prathama koTi me ve loga Ate haiM jinhone kavi kA svarUpa spaSTa rUpa se likha diyA hai -jaise AvArya rAjazekhara vinayacandrasUri, vijayavarNI eva ajitasena Adi / dvitIya koTi me ve loga Ate hai ji hone kAvya-kAraNa ke "yAja se kavi-svarUpa kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai-jame AcArya bhAmaha, daNDI, mammaTa, vAgbhaTa-prathama, hema vandra, narendraprabhasUri, vAgbhaTa dvitIya eva bhAvadevasUri aadi| alakAra sampradAya ke pratinidhi AcArya bhAmaha ne kavi kA svarUpa spaSTa rUpa se na kahakara kAvya-kAraNa ke vyAja se kahA hai| unhone likhA hai kivyAkaraNa, chanda, abhidhAna (koza) artha, itihAsa ke Azrita kathAe~, loka dhyavahAra, tarkazAstra aura kalAo kA kAvya-racanA ke liye kavi ko manana karanA cAhie ' / yaha sampUrNa vivecana vyutpatti ke antargata AtA hai, ata jisa vyakti ko upayukta viSayo kA jJAna ho vaha abhyAsa ke mAdhyama se kavitA kara sakatA hai arthAt vaha kavi hai / rAjazekhara ne 'kava varNane' dhAtu se kavi kI utpatti mAnI hai, jisakA artha hotA hai varNana-kartA arthAt jo varNana kare vaha kavi kahalAtA hai / isake atirikta unhoMne anyatra likhA hai ki pratibhA aura vyutpatti se yukta kavi, kavi kahalAtA hai / AcArya daNDI ne kAvya-sampadA ke kAraNo ke dhyAja se kavi kI yogyatA kA paricaya dete hue likhA hai ki 1 kAvyAlakAra, bhAmaha, 16 / 2 kAvyamImAsA, pR0 17 / 3. pratibhAvyutpattimAzca kavi kvirityucyte| -kAvyamImAMsA, pR. 43 //

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dvitIya adhyAya kavi aura kAvya 63 svabhAvotpanna pratimA, atyanta nirmala zrutAdhyayana aura usakI bahu-yojanA hI kAvya-sampadA hai' arthAt daNDo ke anusAra pratibhA aura zraM tAbhyAsa ye donoM ata me honA anivArya hai / AcArya mammaTa ne yadyapi kavi ke sambandha meM spaSTa rUpa se kucha nahIM likhA hai tathApi kAvya-kAraNa ke vyAja se unhoMne kavi kI yogyatA avazya kaha dI hai / tadanusAra hama kaha sakate haiM ki svAbhAvika pratibhA (zakti), laukikazAstra tathA kAvyazAstra ke paryAlocana se utpanna nirguNasA evaM kAvya-racanA ko jAnane vAle gurU kI dekha-rekha meM kAvya nirmANa kA abhyAsa ina tIna guNo se yukta vyakti kavitA karane kI yogyatA rakhatA hai arthAt vaha kavi kahalAne kA adhikArI hai / isa prasaga me jainAcArya vAgbhaTa prathama ne yadyapi kavi kA svarUpa spaSTa nahIM kahA hai tathApi ve kAvya-kAraNa ke vyAja se pratibhA ko hI kavi kI yogyatA mAnate haiM 3 / isI prakAra AcArya hemacandra ne bhI kAvya-kAraNa ke vyAja se pratibhA ko hI kavi kI yogyatA svIkAra kiyA hai arthAt kavi vaha hai jo pratibhAvAn ho / isake samarthana me unhoMne bhaTTatosa ke kAvyakautuka se uddharaNa dete hue likhA hai ki-- navIna navIna arthoM ke unmeSaka prajJA vizeSa kA nAma pratibhA hai tathA usase anuprANita varNana karane me nipuNa kavi kahalAtA haiM / AcArya narendraprabhasUri ne bhI kAvya-kAraNa ke vyAja se kavi-svarUpa kA nirUpaNa karate hue kavi meM pratibhA kA honA Avazyaka mAnA hai| isake samarthana me unhone bhI bhaTTatota ke kAvya kautuka se ukta uddharaNa prastuta kiyA hai / vinayacandrasUri ne kavi kI paribhASA karate hue likhA hai ki-zabda aura artha ko mAnane vAlA tasbo kA jJAtA, mAdhurya, bhoja Adi guNo kA sAdhaka, dakSa, 1 kAvyAdarza, 11103 / 2 zaktinipuNatAloka -zAstra kAvyAdyavekSaNAt / kAvyaza zikSayAbhyAsa iti hetustadudamane || vAgbhaTAlakAra, 13 | 3 4 kAvyAnuzAsana, 114 | 5 bahI, 113 | vRtti / 6 alakAra - mahodadhi, 117 | 19 prajJA navanavollelazAlinI pratibhA matA / tadanuprANanAjIvadavarNanA nipuNa kavi // - kAvyaprakAza, 113 / vahI, 117 vRti /

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jainAcAryo kA kArakhAva me yogadAna vAmmI, navIna bayoM kA udyotaka, zabda, artha aura vAkya ke doSoM kA jAvA, bhivakAra, kavi-mArga kA anusaraNa karane vAlA, alaMkAra aura rasa kA zAkhA, bandasauhaba evaM SaDabhASAoM ke niyamo meM niSNAta, SaDadarzanoM kA mAtA, pityAbhyAsI, baukika vastuoM kA mAtA aura chanda zAstrajJa kavi kahalAtA hai / kavi kI upayukta paribhASA meM vinayacandrasUri kI mAnyatA hai ki kavi ko sampUrNa viSayoM kA jJAtA honA Avazyaka hai, cAhe ve laukikaho yA alokika, guNa ho yA doSa, rasa hoM yA alakAra, vyAkaraNa ho yA darzana / nAnA viSayoM kA samAveza hI usakI pUrNatA hai| kavi kA itanA saSTa mora vRhada svarUpa banyatra dekhane meM nahIM AyA hai| bhAvArya vijayavarNI ne kavi-svarUpa kA nirUpaNa karate hue likhA hai kipratimA-zakti sampanna tathA vyutpatti aura abhyAsa se yukta aThAraha sthalo kA varSana karane meM nipuNa vyakti kavi hai athavA zakti, nipuNatA aura kavi-zikSA ina tIno se yukta tathA rasa-bhAva ke parijJAna rUpa guNo se yukta kavi hai| isa taraha vijayavarNI ne kavi-svarUpa kA nirUpaNa do prakAra se kiyA hai| lekina iname pahalA prakAra mahatvapUrNa hai, kyoMki usame pratimA, vyutpatti, abhyAsa gaura aThAraha sthaloM kA varNana karane kI bAta kahI gaI hai| yadi sUkSma dRSTi se vicAra kiyA jAye to aThAraha sthalo kA varNana karane kI nipuNatA rUpa kathana kA pratibhA meM hI antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| parantu vijayavarNI dvArA nirUpita kavi-svarUpa meM aThAraha sthalo ke varNana kI carcA kA apanA mahatva hai| ve baThAraha sthala kauna se haiM ? isakA vivecana karate hue AcArya ajitamena ne vikhA hai ki-candrodaya, sUryodaya, maMtra, dUta-sampreSaNa, jalakrIDA, kumArodaya, ucAna, samudra, nagara, Rtu, parvata, surata, yuddha, prayANa, madhupAna, nAyaka 1 zabdArthavAdI tatvako mAdhuyoja prasAdhaka / vakSo bAgmI navAnAmutpattipriyakAraka // sandArtha vAkyadoSajJazcitrakRt kavimAgavit / pAtAlakAraparvamvo rasavid banvasauSThavI // paDabhASAvidhiniSNAta SaDdarzanavicAravit / nityAbhyAsI va lokazazchanda zAstrapaTiSThavI // -kAvyazikSA, 44153-155 / 2 bhUgArArNava-candrikA, 2 / 12 /

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S derer kA kArana meM yogadAna ae austree zailI meM aisA tarka prastuta nahIM kiyA hai, jo kAra zAstriyoM ko brAhma ho aura na hI apane pakSa ke samarthana meM koI prabaMdha tarka prastuta kiyA hai| isa prakAra samasta kAvya-prayojanoM kA samyak prakAra se AloDana- vimohana karane para yahI niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki jainAcAryoM ne pUrva svIkRta kAvyAprayojanoM ko AdhAra mAnakara apanA mata prastuta kiyA hai tathApi vAgbhaTa - prathama dvArA mAnya eka mAtra yaza rUpa prayojana apanI maulikatA kI chApa chor3atA hai / isI prakAra AcArya hemacandra ne jo mammaTa sammata cha kAvya prayojanoM meM se tIna kA sayukti khaNDana kara navIna vicAra prastuta kiyA hai, vaha dalAcya aura tathya paraka bhI hai / ata isakA apalApa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai / kAvya-hetu . kAvya-racanA meM jo hetu arthAt kAraNa ho vaha kAvya hetu hai / sAmAnyatayA kAraNa do prakAra ke hote haiM-nimittakAraNa aura upAdAnakAraNa / prastuta meM fafeterraNa ko hI kAvya-hetu kI sajJA dI gaI hai| isake abhAva me kAvya kI sarjanA sambhava nahI hai / sarvaprathama AcArya bhAmaha ne kAvya-hetuoM para prakAza DAlate hue likhA hai ki guru ke upadeza se mUrkha loga bhI zAstro kA adhyayana karane meM samartha haiM, kintu kAvya kisI pratibhAvAna vyakti ke hI dvArA kabhI-kabhI nirmita hotA hai | vyAkaraNa, chanda, koza, artha, itihAsAzrita kathAe~, lokajJAna, tarkazAstra aura kalAo kA kAvya-sarjanA hetu manana karanA caahie| zabda aura artha kA vizeSa rUpa se jJAna karake kAvya-praNetAbo kI upAsanA aura anya kaviyo kI racanAo ko dekhakara kAvya-sarjanA meM pravRtta honA cAhie / yahA~ kramaza pratibhA, vyutpatti aura abhyAsa kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| bhAmaha ne vyutpatti 1 gurUpadezAvadhyetuM zAstraM jaDadhiyo'pyalam | kAvya tu jAyate jAtu kasyacitpratimAvata // zabda chando'bhidhAnArthA itihAsAzrayA kathA. / kAvyA mI // loko yukti kalAvaceti mantavyA zabdAbhidheye vizAya kRtvA freokyAmyanivanyAMzca kArya sahidupAsanAm / kAvyaferrer || -kAvyAkAra, 125, 6-10 /

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bAra bAnyAsa kI apekSA pratimA para adhika bala diyA hai| hAlAki ye pratibhA ko kAvya kA anivArya evaM pramukha hetu maante| dI, sAmAyika pratimA atyanta nirmala vidyAdhyayana evaM usako bahumyojanA kI hI kAmA ketu mAnate hai| unhoMne bhAmaha kI taya pratimA para ki kara vAnoM kA samAna rUpa se mahatva svIkAra kiyA hai| kintu isameM kamAne unhoMne likhA hai ki yadi vaha madabhuta pratimA namI ho to bhI mAlAmAla (yutpatti) aura abhyAsa se vApI apanA dusasa anubaha pradhAna karatI hai| kavitva-zakti ke kRza hone para bhI parizramI vyakti vidvAnoM kI moSThI meM vizva prApta karatA hai / isase jAta hotA hai ki daNDI pratimA ke samAna meM bhI mAtra vyutpatti aura abhyAsa ke dvArA kAvya-nayanA svIkAra karate hai| AmAbAvarSada nai pratibhA kA mahatva svIkAra karate hue likhA hai ki-usa mAsvAda pUrva arthatatva ko prakAzita karane vAlI mahAkaviyo kI vANI mAvika sphuraNazIla pratibhA ke vaiziSTya ko prakaTa karatI hai| itanA hI nahI unhoMne avyutpattijanya doSa ko pratimA ke dvArA AcchAdita honA bhI svIkAra kiyA hai' arthAt Anandavardhana ne pratibhA ko sarvAdhika mahatva pradAna kiyA hai| locamakAra ne pratibhA kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai ki pUrva bastu ke nirmANa meM samartha prajJA ko pratibhA kahate haiN| mammaTa ne kAvya-kAraNa prasaMga meM likhA hai ki zakti, loka (vyabahAra) zAstra tathA kAvya mAdi ke paryA locana se utpanna nipuNatA aura kAvya (kI racanA zailI tathA bAnocanA pati) ko 1 naisargiko ca pratibhA ataM ca bahunirmalam / amandazcAbhiyogosyA' kAraNa kAvyasampada / / -kAvyAvarSa, 11.3 / 2 ma vidyate yadyapi pUrvavAsanAguNAnubandhi pratibhAnamatam / batena malena ca vAgupAkhitA na karotyeva kamapyanugraham // kathe kavitve'pi janA. kRtadhamA vidagbhagoSThISu vihA~ miipaate| 3. sarasvatI svAdu tadarthavastuniSyandamAnA mahA kavInAm / alokasAmAnyaminyanakti pratisphuranta pratimAvizeSam / / 4. badhyutpattiko doSaH satyA saMviyate kave / bastvazaktikRtastassa maTityavabhAsate / / -vanyAloka, shaanti| 5. apUrvavastunirmANamA mA (prtimaa)| vahI, bopana, 11 //

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arrerator reaArazAstra meM yogadAna rekha jAnane vAle gurU kI zikSA ke anusAra (kAvya-nirmANa bAsa ( freer samaSTi rUpa se) usa ( kAvya ) ke vikAsa (ma) ke hetu hai samma ekavacana kA prayoga kiyA hai." aura abhyAsa ye tInoM mila ne apane ina kAvya-hetuoM me 'hetu.' isa jisakA tAtparya yaha hai ki pratibhA, vyutpatti kAvya ke udbhava meM hetu haiM, pRthaka pRthaka nahIM U ' iti zraya' samuditAH, na tu vyastA', tasya kAvyasyodmave nirmANa samullA 'heturna tu heta'" / " jainAcArya vAgbhaTa prathama ne pratibhA ko hI kAvya kA hetu svIkAra kiyA hai tathA zeSa vyutpatti aura banyAsa ko kramaza vizeSa zobhAjanaka aura zIghra kAvya nirmANa meM sahAyaka kahA hai / puna tInoM kA svarUpa nirUpaNa karate hue likhA hai ki-prasAdAdi guNo vAle ramaNIya padoM se navIna artha kI udbhAvanA karane maiM samartha kavi kI sarvatomukhI buddhi kA nAma pratibhA hai / guru-paramparA se prApta vyAkaraNAdi zAstroM ke asAdhAraNa jJAna kA nAma vyutpatti hai tathA guru ke samIpa meM baiThakara nirantara abAdha gati se kAvya-racanA karane kA nAma abhyAsa hai / isameM abhyAsa ke prakAro me batalAyA gayA hai ki kAvya-racanA hetu sarva prathama ramaNIya sandarbha kA nirmANa karate hue arthazUnya padAvalI ke dvArA samasta chando ko vaza me kara lenA cAhiye / " AcArya hemacandra ne kevala pratibhA ko ho kAvya 1 zaktinipuNatA lokazAstra kAvyAdyavekSaNAt / kA yajJazikSayAbhyAsa iti hetustadubhaye / / 2 vahI, 113 / vRtti / 3 pratibhA kAraNaM tasya vyutpattistu vibhUSaNam / zotpattikRdamyAsa sarsafaiser | 4 prasannapadana vyArtha yuktyudboSa vidhAyinI / sphurantI satkaverbuddhi pratibhA sarvatomukhI // zabda marca kA mAdizAstreSvAmnAyapUrvikA / pratipatirasAmAnyA vyutpattirabhidhIyate // anArataM gurupAnte ya kAvye racanAdara | vamabhyAsa vidustasya krama ko'pyupadizyate // 5. fereer anaerotva padAvalyArtha zUnyamA / kurvIta kAvyAma bandAMsi nikhilAnyapi // # - kAvyaprakAza, 113 * -vAgbhaTAlaMkAra, 13 114-6 -vahI, 117 //

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HREE pratibhA se prakAra kI hotI hai sAhanA aura bAkilo / sAe lApamAna mAna ke hone vAlI sahajA aura mantrAdi se utpana hone vAlI bApAvikI kahalAtI hai| rAbazekhara ne sarvaprathama pratibhA ke do bheda kie haikApaNI aura bhaavvidhii| puna kArayitrI ke dIna bheda mAne hai-mahaNAbAhAyara mAra aupAdhiko / ki hemacandra ne vyulatti baura sammAna ko pratimA kA kAraka mAnA hai, mata vyutpatti aura abhyAsa kAvya ke sAmAna hetu nahIM ki pratibhArahita mutpatti aura abhyAsa vimAna ke mae hai| yahA~ yaha hai ki hemacandra ne yadyapi daNI kA sAkSAt ullekha nahIM kiyA hai kyApi usa kathana se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki unhoMne khaNDIke vidyate yadyapi pUrvavAsanA / ' ityAdi kathana kA khaNDana avazya kiyA hai| marendrasamasUri, aktina' aura bAgmaTa-dvitIya hemacandra kI taraha vyutpatti aura ammAsa ye saMskRta pratibhA ko hI kAvya kA hetu mAnate haiN| mAvadevasari pratibhA, vyutpatti bIra ammAsa ke sammilita rUpa ko kAvya kA hetu mAnate haiN| siddhicandrageNi ne mammaTa-sammata-kAvya-hetuoM kA khaNDana karate hue likhA hai ki-'himmAdAvapi kAvyomavadarzanAta, zaktereva hetutvAt 50 varSAta himma (bAlaka) mAdi meM bhI 1 pratibhASya hetu / -kAvyAnuzAsana, 114 // 2 vyutpatyabhyAsAbhyAM sskaaryaa| - baho, 17 3. sambaraNakSayopazamAtrAt sahanA / mntraavropaadhikii| vahI 15-6 / 4. kAvyamImAMsA, pR. 32 / *bata eva to kAvyasya sambAtkAra pratimopakAriNI tu bhvtH| vRSyete hi pratimAhInasya viphalo vyutpatyamyAsI / 6. kAraNa pratikAta bhutttyaasaamilaa| pIcaM nAMkurasyeva kAzyapI-jamasaMgatam // saMkAramahodadhi, 16 / 7. vyutpAbambAsA sdaayghttnaapttaa| vIvazAlinI pratibhAsya zrI akAracintAmaNi, 16 ! ., vyatyayAsakavA pratimAska hetu / --kAmyAnuvAsanA .2

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jainAcAyoM kA arthakArazAstra meM yogadAna -sarjanA zakti dikhalAI dene se zakti ( pratibhA ) hI kAvya kA hetu hai / isa khaNDana ke mUla me siddhicandragaNi paNDitarAja jagannAtha se prabhAvita pratIva hote haiN|' paNDitarAja jagannAtha kevala pratimA ko hI kAvya meM hetu mAnate haiM, yaha kahI devatA athavA mahApuruSa ke prasAda se utpanna adRSTa rUpa hotI hai maura kahI vilakSaNa vyutpatti aura abhyAsa se janya / 2 1 , uparyukta kAya hetu vivecana ko dhyAna me rakhate hue kahA jA sakatA hai ki AcArya bhAmaha ne kAvya hetu prasaga me pratibhA, vyutpatti aura abhyAsa ina tonoM kA samAna rUpa se ullekha kiyA hai, kintu pratibhA para adhika bala diyA hai, ata. aisA pratIta hotA hai ki ve kAvya-hetuoM meM pratibhA ko viziSTa mAnate the daNDI ne yadyapi pratibhA, vyutpatti aura abhyAsa ina tIno ko samAna rUpa se svIkAra kiyA hai, kintu ve kahI kahIM pratibhA ke abhAva me bhI mAtra vyutpatti aura abhyAsa ke dvArA kAvya-racanA svIkAra karate hai / ata inakA mata anya samasta AcAryoM se pRthak hai / Anandavardhana pratibhA ko hI pramukha hetu mAnate haiN| mammaTa pratimA, vyutpatti aura abhyAsa ke sammilita rUpa ko kAya hetu svIkAra karate haiM, jisakA samarthana jainAcArya bhAvadevasUri ne bhI kiyA hai| bhAvadevasUri ko choDakara zeSa samasta jainAcAryoM ne vyutpatti aura abhyAsa se saMskRta pratibhA ko hI kAya hetu svIkAra kiyA hai, jisakA samarthana paravartI pramukha vidvAn paMDitarAja jagannAtha ne kiyA hai, jo ina matoM kI vilakSaNatA kA paricAyaka hai / kAvya svarUpa * kisI bhI vastu kA svarUpa nirUpaNa karanA asambhava nahI to zramasAdhya avazya hai / sAmAnyata vastu kA svarUpa taba taka pUrNata zuddha nahI mAnA jAtA hai, jaba taka ki vaha batryApti, ativyApti aura asambhava ina tInoM doSo se rahita na ho / ata jisa svarUpa meM uparya kta doSo kA abhAva hogA, vahI zuddha svarUpa mAnA jAyegA / prAcInakAla se adyAvadhi kAvya ke svarUpa para vibhinna AcAryoM ne vicAra kiyA hai| upalabdha kAvya-svarUpoM meM mAmaha-kRta kAvya-svarUpa sabase prAcIna hai / 1 draSTavya na tu trayameva bAlAdesto binA'pi kevalAna mahApuruSaprasAdAdapi pratibhotpatte / -- rasagaMgAdhara, pu0 29 / 2 taspa kAvyasya ) kAraNaM kavigatA kevalA pratibhA / tasyAzca hetu kvacida mahApuNyaprasAdAdijanyamadRSTam kvacicca vilakSaNavyutpattikAvyakaraNAbhyAsI / -vahI, pR0 27-26 /

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meM kAma ko lekara vibhinna dhAraNAeM pati koI mAmA kevala zabda aura koI kamAla a ko kAma kI bAta karate / visakA saMketa va gAdi paravatI apAyospa hotA hai| mAmaha ne isI banda ko samAsa karane kI piTAse eka he kAvya sAkA vidhAna kiyA, jisameM pAda aura artha donoM ko samAna rUpa se cita sAla mila ske| bhAmaha ke isI suvIrSa cintana kA pariNAma yAcI mAhitI kAgyam ' lekina yaha kAvya-svarUpa dukhaNIviyoM ko adhika mAhI skaa| kyoki yaha batibvApti poSa se prasta yA khavA isameM sAmAnya gaca-pAca racanA kA bhI samAveza sambhava thaa| mata paNDI ne isI kA pariSkAra karate hue kAvya-svarUpa nirUpaNa kiyA aura likhA ki-abhilaSita maryako abhivyakta karane vAlI padAvalI kA nAma kAvya hai kintu bhAmaha aura baDI ke ukta kAvya-svarUpoM meM koI maulika bheda nahIM hai| abhilavita mArya aura padAvalI (zabdAvalI) bhAmaha ke sabda aura artha haiN| ata. baNDIkRta kAvya. svarUpa bhI ukta ativyApti doSa se mukta na ho sakA / samavata zabda aura artha ko kAvya mAnane vAle inhIM AcAryoM kI bhora vAnandavardhana ne zAdAbarIraM tAvatkAdhyam' isa pUrvapakSa ke rUpa meM prastuta pakti dvArA saketa kiyA hai| isa samaya taka vidvAnoM kA dhyAna kevala kAvya ke zarIra taka hI sImita thaa| cUMki zarIra hai, isalie usakI mAramA bhI honI cAhie / yahI socakara uttaravartI vidvAnoM ne kAvya kI bAtmA para bhI vicAra karanA prArambha kiyaa| vAmana kA 'rItirAtmA kAvyasya'5 aura mAnandavarSana kA kAvyasyAtmA dhvaniriti" isI dizA meM stutya prayAsa haiN| mAnandavarSana kA vyani-svarUpa 1. kaSAMcinmataM kavikozalakalpitakamanIyatAtizayaH sabda eka kevaLa kAvyamiti / keSAvid vAyameva racanAvavizyacamatkArakAri kAvyamiti / -vakroktijIvita, 17 vRti| 2 kAvyAlaMkAra, 1 / 16 / / 3 pArIra tAvavidhArthavyavachinnA pdaavlii| -bhAvAvarga 1 / 4 vanyAloka, 11 vRtti| . 1. kAbhyAlaMkArapUna rArA / 7 mArya:zabdovA mrssmupsrvniikRtvaayii| vyaMkA kAvizeSaH sa dhvaniriti sUcita kAhI 13 //

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jaiva kA akAsmeM nidAna eka upAya kAvya kI aura saMketa karatA hai| svarUpa para vyApaka dRSTi se vicAra karane vAle saMbhavataH mAcArya ka hai| unhoMne kAvya-svarUpa nirUpaNa karate hue likhA hai ki-doSarahita, guNa-saMhita aura kahIM-kahIM spaSTa ) carmakAra rahita (sAdhAraNata alaMkAra sahita ) aura varSa ke samUha kA nAma kAvya hai / isa svarUpa meM mammaTa me zabda aura varthaSI' nAdivizeSaNa prastuta kara nizcaya hI prazaMsanIya kArya kiyA hai / piparavartI jAcArya vizvanAtha aura paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne unake kI kar3I vAlocanA kI hai tathApi yaha utanA truTipUrNa nahIM hai, jitanA use anAyA gayA hai / vizvanAtha aura paNDitarAva jagannAtha Adi svataMtra zikAyoM ko chor3akara zeSa AkAyoM ke kAvya svarUpoM para prAtha mammaTa kA prabhAva lakSita hotA hai| samasta nAcArya prAtha sammaTa ke anugAmI haiM / jainAcArya vAgbhaTa-prathama ne kAvya svarUpa para vicAra karate hue likhA hai ki-sundara zabda mIra arthoM se yukta, guNa aura alaMkAroM se sUSita, spaSTa rIti aura rasoM se yukta kAvya kahalAtA hai / isa svarUpa meM mammaTa kI apekSA sAmAnyata nimna tIna vizeSa bAteM dikhalAI detI haiM al 1 vAgbhaTa - prathama dvArA spaSTa rIti aura rasa kA samAveza / 2 kAvya me alaMkAra kI sthiti anivArya mAnanA / 3 adoSI vizeSaNa kA prabhAva / - hemacandrAcArya ne kAvya-svarUpa nirUpaNa karate hue likhA hai ki--doSarahita, guNa aura alaMkAra sahita ( kahI-kahIM alaMkAra rahita bhI) zabda aura artha kAvya hai / mammaTosthiti aura hemacandrasammata kAvya svarUpa me pUrNata sAmya hai / narendraprasUri me mammaTa sammata kAvya-svarUpa meM kucha apanI bAta kA samAveza karate hue likhA hai ki--doSa-rahita, guNa, alaMkAra aura vyaMjanAsahita kAvya kahalAtA hai| isa svarUpa me 'sabhyaMjanastathA' yaha vizeSaNa diyA 2. tadadoSI zabdAcI saguNAvanalakatI puna kvApi / 2 sAdhuzabdArthasandarbha guNAlaMkAra bhUSitam / sphuTarItirasametaM kAvyaM .. #1 prakaraNa 114 / maTAkAra 1125 3. madoSI saguNI sAlakArI ca zabdAyI kAvyam / kAvyAnuzAsana, 1111 # 4. nirdoSaH saguNa sAkRta samma janastathA / cAraca vipAcayA hi vigAhate // akAramahodadhi, 1113 //

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..KRI RS.. RELATEST ke bAra-kAya nAyaka pradIya meva ke svarUpa meM vyaMjanA ko milAyakA maleza nahIM kiyA hai, jisase unakA yaha kAma AR me mAvata' hai| mana ta jivaSaya sadoSa hai| vinayacanamUri ne subAhita sambara mArca ko kAnya svIkAra kiyA hai / isake aisA mAhIta honA hai kI guNoM ko atyadhika mahatva dene meM prati vimati ke bAra meM guNoM kI kadApi uprekSA nahIM kI mAlI haijIvAstavikatA ke simaTa hai| vijayavarNI ne kAvya-svarUpa.prastuta karate hue vivAha ki-ba-razika, prAsahita, rIti, vRtti, zamyA aura rasa se yukta prapA masaMkAra aura pAka sahita avArya-racanA jisameM uttama ho vaha kAvya hai| prastuta svarUpa meM vijayabArI ne buti, samyA aura pAka kA prathama bAra samAla kiyA hai| isake pazcAt AcArya ajitasena kA samaya mAtA hai, unake samana aneka vAcAyoM ke sAthasvarUpa vidyamAna the| bata unake mastiSka meM eka aisA svarUpa banAne kA saMkalpa thA, jisameM sabhI pramukha bAcAryoM ke pramukha simAnto kA samAveza ho, koI bhI tatva usase achUtA na raha jAe / isI AkAMkSA ko sAkAra rUpa dete hue unhoMne kAvya-svarUpa nirupaNa karate hue likhA hai ki-sukha cAhane vAlA aneka zAlI kA zAtA aura pratibhAzAlI kavi zabdAlaMkAroM aura aryAlaMkAroM se yukta bhRGgArAdi nau rasoM ke sahita, vaidarbhI ityAdi rItiyoM ke sambaka prayoga se sundara, vyaMgyAdi arthoM se samanvita, atikTu ityAdi doSo se zUnya, prasAda bora mAdhuryAdi guNoM se yukta, nAyaka ke carita varNana se sampukta, umaya-loka hitakArI evaM suspaSTa kAma hI uttama kAvya hotA hai| yadi prastuta kAya | 1 anvAyo saguNI kAmam |-kaavyshikssaa, 11 2 bhadoSa samuNo rItitizabArasAgvitaH / sAlaMkAra' sapAkAca zabAparacamottama ||-amaaraarnnvcndrikaa 3. zabdArthAlaMkRtIba, navarasakalita rItibhAvAniyamana / vyamAvarSa vidoSa gumAgamakalita netRsamarthanAsam.. loko bandopakAri saTamiha satutAt kAyamasya sukhAnI mAlAmAjIyAH kaviratunamati: puNyavAnum / /

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jainAcAyoM kA balakArazAstra meM momavAna svala kA sUkma dRSTi se abalokana kiyA jAba to bhAsa hotA hai ki inake pUrva bAvakArikoM meM pracalita jo rasa, alaMkAra, rIti, vakrokti aura dhvanirUpAca sambhavAya the, unakA samyakarUpeNa samAveza kiyA gayA hai| itanA saSTa aura vistRta kAmpa-svarUpa anyatra dekhane meM nahIM pAyA hai, lekina isakA kalevara itavA bRhat ho gayA hai ki sAmAnya kAvya-racanA isake antargata mA sakemI / vAgmaTa-dvitIya ne doSa-rahita, guNa-sahita tathA prAya alaMkAra jisameM hoM aise zabdArtha-samUha ko kAvya kahA hai / yaha mammaTa ke kAvya-svarUpa ko punarAvRtti mAtra hai| isI prakAra bhAvadevasUri sahRdayoM ke lie iSTa, doSa-rahita sadaguNoM aura alaMkAro se yukta zabdArtha-samUha ko kAvya mAnate hai| isa svarUpa lekhana ke mUla meM bhI mammaTa ke kAvya-svarUpa kI hI bhAvanA pradhAna hai| siricandragaNi ne mammaTa ke kAvya-svarUpa kA khaNDana karake sAhityadarpaNakAra ke 'vAkya rasAtmaka kAvyam' isa svarUpa kA samarthana kiyA hai| mammaTa sammata kAvya-rUpa ke khaNDana meM unhone sAhitya-darpaNakAra ke tarkoM kA hI sahArA liyA hai, usake sambandha meM koI navIna bAta nahIM kahI hai| upayukta kAvya-svarUpo ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki mammaTa ke samaya taka kAvya ke samasta ago para samAna rUpa se vicAra kiyA jAne lagA thaa| cUMki vAgbhaTAdi jainAcArya unake paravartI hai, ata unhone bhAmahAdi prArambhika AcAyoM kI taraha mAtra kAvya ke zarIra para hA vicAra na kara usake sampUrNa agoM para vicAra kiyA hai aura yahI kAraNa hai ki jainAcAryasammata kAvya-svarUpoM para prAya mammaTa kA prabhAva dikhAI detA hai| AcArya vAgbhaTa-prathama ne mammaTa ke kAvya-svarUpa me eka-do navIna tatvo kA samAveza kiyA hai, jisame rIta pramukha hai| kintu sAmAnyatayA vidvAn rIti ko kAvya me Avazyaka nahIM mAnate haiN| hemacandrAcArya pUrNata mammaTa ke anupAyI hai| narendraprabhasUri ne mammaTa ke kAvya-svarUpa me 'savyavanastapA' yaha 1 zabdAcI nirdoSI saguNI prAya sAlaMkArI kAvyam / -kAvyAnuzAsana-vAgbhaTa, pR. 14 / 2 zabdAyoM bhavetkAvyaM tau ca nirdoSa sadguNau / sAlaMkArI satAmiSTAvata etamnirUpyate / kAvyAlakArasArasaMgraha 15. 3. kAvyaprakAza-saNDana, pR. 3 /

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usI ke kAma meM mAnAyaka sanI lokA samAdhAra manamarks kA parihAra svIkAra karate hue pratIta hote hai| vimAna ke sapane kA svarUpa meM vRtti sambA aura pAka kA prathama bAra samAza kiyA hai| jisakA meM pUrva pracalita rasa, alaMkAra, rIti, bakokti aura nipapAMca sammAna ko apane kAvya-svarUpa meM samAna rUpa se sthAna diyA hai| bAma-ditIya aura bhAvadevasUri mammaTa ke hI anuyAyI hai| siviSayamaNi mAyake svarUpa se asahamata haiM, isa prasaMga meM unhoMne sAhityadarpaNakAra ko hI bApa isa prakAra jainAcAryoM ne apanI navIna sUjha-bUjha ke sApa kAvya-svarUpa meM kucha navIna tathyoM kA samAveza athavA anAvazyaka kA tyAga karate hue apanA mata prastuta kiyA hai| jisame unhoMne prArambha se calI bAI paramparA ko, akSuNNa banAe rakhane kA saphala prayAsa kiyA hai tathA kAvya-svarUpa para vibhinna paSTikoNoM se vicAra kara eka navIna cetanA kA saMcAra kiyA hai| kAvya-bheda alaMkAra zAstra me karaNya-mevo kA vibhAjana vibhinna bhASAroM ko lekara" kiyA gayA hai| sarvaprathama AcArya nAmaha ne cAra bAdhAra prastuta kiye hai1-chanda ke mAdhAra para-pAca aura padya / 2-bhASA ke mAdhAra para sata, prAtabAra mAtra 3--viSayavastu ke mApAra paravasA Adi kA prativarSa kapikAlA / prasta, kalAbita nIra zAlAbhita ', . svarUpa vidhAna ke mAra kara-savaya (mahAkAvyo abhinaya (mA bAlyAyikA, kathA aura anivaDa (muktk)| daNI ne chanda ke AsAra para bhAmaha-sammata madha aura Hat eka miSa nAmaka tRtIya bheda bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| jisake nizAna nATaka. dhAdi hai| isake atirikta unhoMne pampU ko bhI mila ke antargata eka navIna 514

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anAcAbI kA balakAramA yogadAna "bhAmaha ke samarthaka hai| kathA kathA meM sAmAnyata kavikalpanA prasUta varNana kiyA jAtA hai| bhAmaha ke anusAra isakI racanA saskata, prAkRta aura apabhraza meM hotI hai, isameM bala aura aparavadha nAmaka chandoM tathA ucchavAso kA abhAva hotA hai| isake patirikta usame nAyaka apanA carita svaya nahIM kahatA hai, apitu kisI anya pati se kahalAtA hai, kyoki kUlIna vyakti apane guNa svaya kaise khegaa| vaNDI kalA aura mAsyAyikA meM koI maulika bheva na mAnakara eka hI jAti ke do nAma mAnate haiN| namake anusAra kathA kI racanA samo bhASAmo tathA saskRta meM bhI hotI hai| adbhuta arthoM vAlI bRhatkathA bhUnabhASA me hai| mAnandavarSana ne kAvya ke bhedo me pa rakathA, khaNDakathA aura sakalakavA kA ullekha kiyA hai| agnipurANakAra ne kathA ke svarUpa meM kucha navIna bAtoM kA samAveza kiyA hai| yathA-kavi saMkSepa me kucha padyoM dvArA apane vaza kI prazaMsA karatA hai, mukhya kathA ke avataraNa hetu bhavAntara kapA kA saMyojana karatA hai tathA vimAna paricchedoM me na hokara lambako me hotA hai| ___ jainAcArya hemacandra ne kayA kA svarUpa nirUpama karate hue likhA hai ki jisameM dhIra prazAnta nAyaka ho tathA jo sarva-bhASAo meM nivaDa ho aisI gaba athavA padyamayI racanA kathA kahalAtI hai| isa svarUpa me hemacanda ne daNDI kI - 1 tatra nAyikAtyAtasvavRttAntAmAvyarSasinI socchavAsA kampakApahArasamA gamAbhyudayabhASitA mitrAvimukhAlyAtavRttAntA antarAtarApraviralapavanyA paasyaayikaa| --kAvyAnuzAsana-bAgbhaTa, pR0 15 // 2 kAvyAlakAra, 028-29 / / 3 tat kayAsyAyikatyekA jAti sNjhaaiyaaNkitaa| -kAbAda, 112 / 4 vahI, 1138 5 banyAloka, 37 vRtti| 1. agni purANa kA kAvyazAstrIya bhAga, 1115-16 / 7. dhIravAtanAmA bena panA sarvamApA kyaa|

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kA bana nahIM rakhA hai| anusAra saMskRta, paizAcI aura apana meM bhI kathA kA vi kiyA jA sakatA hai / " hemacandra ne kathA ke dasa bheda kie haiM-AkhyAna ni kA masikulyA, parikA, kanA, sakalakavA, upapratyeka kA svarUpa nimna prakAra hai- yA vRtakA AsthAna- prabandha ke madhya me dUsare ko samajhAne ke lie nalAdi upAkhyAnakI taraha upAkhyAna kA abhinaya, pATha athavA gAna karate hue jo eka granthika (jyotiSI) kahatA hai, vaha yovindra kI taraha AkhyAna kahalAtA hai|" nidarzana - pazu-pakSiyoM athavA tadbhinna prANiyoM kI ceSTAoM ke dvArA jahA~ kArya athavA avArya kA nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai, vahAM paMcatantra bAdi kI taraha tathA dhUrta, viTa, kuTTanImata, mayUra, mArjArikA Adi ko taraha nidarzana kahalAtA hai / " R pravahnikA. -pradhAna nAyaka ko lakSya karake jahA~ do vyaktiyoM meM vivAda ho, vaha AdhI prAkRta me nibaddha beTakAdi kI taraha pravahnikA hai / * matallikA- presa (bhUta) - bhASA athavA mahArASTrI bhASA meM racita laghukathA, gorocanA athavA anagavatI Adi kI taraha matallikA kahalAtI hai, jisameM purohita, amAtya athavA tApasa Adi kA prArambha kiye gaye kArya ko samApta na kara pAne ke kAraNa upahAsa hotA hai, vaha bhI matallikA kahalAtI hai / * 1. kAvyAnuvAsana, kAvRti / 2, ye paraprabodhanArthaM nalAdyupAkhyAnamivopAkhyAnamabhinayat paThan gAyana parvako mampikaH kathayati tad govindavadAkhyAnam / - vahIM, vRtti / tirapacAmatirazcAM vA peSTAmitra kAryamakArya vA nizcIyate tatpaMcatantrA:-- divat kuTTanImatamayUramArikAdivacca nidardhanam / -agt, sic que IV 4. 1 apila bagaiyovivAda so'rthaprAkRtaracitA peTakAdivat pravahnikA / 74 $ 5 tamahArASTrAcA navA gorocanA bhagavatyAdinA / yasyAM purohitAmAt V *

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ra jainAcAryoM kA basaMkArazAstra meM yogadAna , isakA svAmibhAva hAsa hai| bharatamuni ne isakI utpatti vikRta vaiSa, akArAdi vibhAvoM se mAnI hai|' unake anusAra hAsya cha' prakAra kA hotA hai-smita, hasita, vihasita, upahasita, apadasata aura atihasita / prathama do prakAra kA hAsya uttama puruSo meM, madhyama do prakAra kA hAsya madhyama puruSoM meM tathA antima do prakAra kA hAsya adhama puruSo meM pAyA jAtA hai| yaha Atmastha aura parastha ke bheda se bhI do prakAra kA hotA hai| jaba kisI bhI vastu ke darzanAdi se svaya haMsatA hai, taba Aramastha kahalAtA hai aura jaba dUsare ko haMsAtA hai, taba vaha parastha va halAtA hai| jainAcArya AyarakSita ke anusAra rUpa, vaya (avasthA), veza aura bhASA kI viDambanA se utpanna rasa hAsya hai / mana ke harSita hone se pra, netra Adi kA vikasita honA isa rasa ke cinha (anubhAva) haiN| yathA-kajjala kI rekhA se yukta soye hue devara ko jAgA huA dekhakara stana ke bhAra se kampita aura jisakI kamara jhukI huI hai, aisI zyAmA khilakhilA kara haMsa rahI hai| vAgbhaTaprathama ne veza Adi kI vikRti se hAsya kI utpatti mAnI hai| unake anusAra yaha uttama, madhyama aura aSama prakRti ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hai| mahApuruSo ke hAsya meM kevala kapolo aura netroM meM hAsya rahatA hai tathA oSTha banda rahate haiN| madhyama puruSo ke hAsya me mukha khula jAtA hai aura adhamo kA hAmya zabdapUvaka hotA hai / hemacandra ne likhA hai ki smita, vihasita aura apahasita ke bheda se Atmastha hAsya tIna prakAra kA hotA hai, tathA kramaza uttama, madhyama aura adhama prakR ta meM pAyA jAtA hai| isI prakAra hasita, upahasata, aura atihasita ke bheda se parastha bhI tIna prakAra kA hotA hai, jo kramaza uttamAdi prakRtiyo me pAyA jAtA hai| rAmacandra-guNacandra ne TikRta AcaraNa aura AzcayakArI ceSTAo se hAsya-rasa kI utpatti mAnI hai tathA unheM hAsya ke bharata-sammata bheda hI mAnya haiN| narendraprabhasUri ne Atmasya aura parastha ke 1 nATyazAstra, 648, pR074| 2 vahI, 6152-53 / vahI, 64, pR074| 4 anuyogadvAra sUtra (vittIya bhAga), pR03 / 5. dhAgbhaTAlakAra, 5226-24 / 5 kAvyAnuzAsana, raa10-11| . hindI nATyavarSaNa, 3 / 12-13 //

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tRtIya bayAna : rasa-vicAra 143 maMda se hAsya do prakAra kA jAtA hai / " vijaya ke sarvaprathama hAsya ke tIna bheda kie haiM-uttama, madhyama aura badhama / puna sthita baura hasita kI uma vihasita aura upahati ko madhyama tathA yapahasita kaura vihasita ko a mAnA hai / ajitasena ne hAsya ke kevala tIna bheda kiye hai-uttama, aura adhama / " vAgbhaTa dvitIya ne hAsya ke tIna bheda mAne haiM-smita, vihasita aura apahasita / padmasundaramaNi ne ajitasena kI taraha hAsya ke uttamAdi tIna bheda kie haiM / * siddhicandramaNi ne smita, hasita aura atihAsita ko uttama - madhyama puruSoM me anubhAva svIkAra kiyA hai|" uparyukta vivecana se jJAta hotA hai ki jaimAcAyoM ne hAsya rasa kI utpatti vikRta deza Adi se hI svIkAra kI hai tathA unheM hAsya ke ve hI bheda svIkAra haiM, jinheM anya AlaMkArikoM ne svIkAra kiyA hai / karuNa rasa iSTa ke vinAza aura aniSTa ke saMyoga se utpanna hone vAlA karuNa rasa kahalAtA hai / isakA sthAyibhAva zauka hai| bharatamuni ne zApa, kleza, vinipAla, iSTajana-viyoga, vibhAva-nAza, vadha, bandha, vidrava, upacAta gora vyasana Adi vibhAvoM se karuNa rasa kI utpatti mAnI hai / 7, - jainAcArya ArakSita ne likhA hai ki priya ke viyoga, bandhana, vAhana, roga, maraNa aura saMbhrama Adi se karuNa rasa kI utpatti hotI hai / zoka, vilApa, mukha kI mlAnatA aura rudana Adi isake cihna (anubhAva ) haiM / yathA - priya viSayaka cintA se malina citta aura AMsuoM se bharI AMkhoM vAlI hai putrI ! usake viyoga me terA mukha kRza ho gayA hai / " vAgbhaTa-prathama ne cauka se utpanna rasa ko karuNa kahA hai| * hemacandra ke anusAra iSTa-vinAtha Adi vibhAva, devopAlambha Adi anubhAva, nirveda-glAni bAdi duHkhamaya vyabhicAribhAva aura zauka rUpa sthAyibhAva vAlA karuNa rasa hai / rAmacandra guNacandra, 11 narendraprabha 1 alaMkAra-mahodadhi, 2117 vRtta / 3. vartakAra - cintAmaNi, 5 / 26-100 5. akabarasAhitya gAravarSaNa, 4123, 25 / 6 kAvyaprakAzana, pR0 16 / 8. anuyogadvArasUtra, dvitIya bhAga, pR0 6 2. pATAcaMkAra, 122 / 10. kAvyAnuvAca 2112 / 11. hindI 314 1 2. gArArNava candrikA 3166-00 // 4 kAvyAnuzAsana, nAm 0 553 7. nATyazAstra, 666, 0753 xd J

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14 janAcAryoM kA balakArakhAva meM yogadAna bhari, viSayavI, 2 aNitasena,' vAgbhaTa-dvitIya aura padmasundaramaNi ne samAna rUpa se karuNa rasa kA vivecana kiyA hai, jisameM karuNa rasa ke vibhAva, bAnubhAva aura vyabhicAribhAvo kA ullekha karate hue usake sthAyibhAva para prakAza DAlA hai / yaha vivecana bharata-paramparA kA poSaka hai| raudra-rasa . isakA sthAyibhAva kroSa hai| isakI utpatti zatru dvArA kiye gaye apakAra bAdi ke dvArA hotI hai / bharata ne ise rAkSasa, dAnava aura ukta puruSo ke mAzrita mAnA hai| yaha raudrarasa krodha, gharSaNa, adhikSepa, apamAna, jhUTha vacana, kaThora vANI, droha aura mAllaya Adi vibhAvo se utpanna hotA hai| __ jainAcArya AryarakSita ne raudra rasa kA vivecana karate hue likhA hai kibhayotpAdaka rUpa, zabda aura andhakAra ke svarUpa-cintana se tathA taviSayaka kathAo ke smaraNa se utpanna samoha, sabhrama viSAda aura maraNa rUpa cihno (anubhAvo) vAlA raudrarasa hai| yathA-pazuhisA me pravRtta kisI hiMsaka se koI dharmAtmA kaha rahA hai-bhRkuTi se bhayAvaha mukha vAle, adharoSTha ko cabAne vAle, khUna se lathapatha, bhayakara zabdo vAle rAkSaso ke sahaza tuma pazu kI hiMsA kara rahe ho| ata tuma ati raudra-pariNAmI raudra ho / vAgbhaTa-prathama ke anusAra raudra rasa krodhAtmaka hotA hai aura krodha zatru dvArA kyei gaye parAbhava se hotA hai| isakA nAyaka bhISaNa svabhAva vAlA, ugra aura virodhI hotA hai| apane kandho ko pITanA, Atma-prazaMsA, astra pheMkanA, bhRkuTi car3hAnA, zatruo kI mindA tathA maryAdA kA ullaghana ye usake anubhAtra haiN| hemacandra ne striyo kA apamAna Adi vibhAva, netro kI lAlimA Adi anubhAva aura ugratA Adi vyabhicAribhAvo se yukta krodha rUpa sthAyibhAva vAlA raudra rasa kahA hai| rAmacandra-guNacandra kA raudra rasa vivecana bharata kA anugAmI hai| isI prakAra - - 1 alaMkAramahodadhi, 2 / 18 / 2 zRgArArNava-candrikA, 674-77 / 3 alaMkAracintAmaNi, 52101 / 4 kAvyAnuzAsana, vAgbhaTa, pR0 55 / 5 bakabarasAhiza gAra darpaNa, 4 / 26-31 / 6 nATyazAstra, 663, pR0 75 / 7 anupogadvArasUtra, prathama bhAga, pR. 841 / 8. vAgbhaTAlaMkAra, 5226-30 / 2 kAvyAnuzAsana, 2013 / 10 hindI nATyadarpaNa, 3315 /

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sRvIya samAyarasa-vicAra barendraprasUri kA vivecana hemavata se prabhAvita hai|' viSayoM ke anusAra rodra pI prakAra kA hotA hai-mAtsarya borase utpanna / isake atirikta unhone barasa ke vibhAvAdi kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| jina vibhASAdi se paripuSTa RoSa ko barasa mAnate haiN| bAgmaTa-dvitIya ne raudra ke vibhAva mAvi kA ullekha hemacandra kI taraha kiyA hai| papasundaramaNi kA rodarasa vivecana vAgbhaTa-prathama se prabhAkti hai| isa prakAra robarasa kA sabhI bAcAyoM kA vivecana eka hI saraNI para AdhArita hai| vIra-rasa isakA sthAyibhAva utsAha hai| bharata ne utsAha nAmaka sthAyibhAva ko uttama prakRtistha mAnA hai| unake anusAra vIrarasa kI utpatti asamoha, adhyavasAya, nIti, vinaya, atyadhika parAkrama, zakti, pratApa aura prabhAva mAvi vibhAvo se hotI hai| jainAcArya AryarakSita kA bIrarasa vivecana dhArmika dRSTikoNa ko lie hue hai, unake anusAra parityAga aura tapAcaraNa karane para sapA yAtru kA vinAza hone para bananuzaya (ahakAra-rahita) dhRti aura parAkrama pUrNa cihno (banubhAgoM) se yukta vIrarasa kahalAtA hai| yathA-ko rAjya kA tyAga karake dIkSita hotA hai tathA kAma, krodha-rUpa mahAzatru pakSa kA vinAza karatA hai, vaha mahAvIra kahalAtA hai| vAgbhaTa-prathama ne utsAha nAmaka sthAyibhAva vAle vIrarasa ke nAyaka ko samasta zlAghanIya guNoM se yukta mAnA hai tathA isake tIna bheda kie haiMdhamavIra, yuddhavIra aura dAnavIra / hemacandra ke anusAra nIti Adi vibhAva, sthiratA mAdi anubhAva bora ti mAdi vyAbhicAribhAvoM se yukta utsAha nAmaka sthAyibhAba bAlA vIrarasa hai| isake dharmavIra, dAnavIra aura yuddhadhIra ye tIna bheda hai| rAmacandra-guNacandra parAkrama, bala, nyAya, mana aura tatvavinizcaya se vIrarasa kI utpatti mAnate haiM, isakA abhinaya dhairya, romAca aura dAna se 1. malakAramahodaSi, 3 / 16 / 2. bhUmArArNavadhikA 83 / 3. malakAntAbhi, 5 // 105 / 4. kAnuzAsana PHET: 55 / 5 barasAhizubhArapaNa, // 32 // 6.nATyazAstra / A. anumobAena, prathama bhAga, pR. 833 // 8. vAgbhaTAsakAra, 2 6 kAvyAnuzAsana

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jainAcAryoM kA masaMkArayAna meM yogadAna vilA jAtA hai|' unhoMne vIrarasa ke nizcita bheda nahIM mAve hai, apitu pukha, barma, dAna bAdi guNoM tathA pratApAkaSama bAda upAdhi-bhedo se isake aneka bheda svIkAra kie haiN| marendrapramasUri kA vIrarasa divecana hemacandra ke samAna hai| vijayavarNI ne vIrarasa ke vibhAvAdi kA ullekha karate hue vAnavIra, dayAvIra bora yuddhavIra ye tIna bheda mAne haiN| ajitasana ke anusAra vibhAvAdi se paripuSTa utsAha nAmaka sthAyibhAva vIrarasa hai, vaha dAnavIra, dayAvIra aura yuddhAra ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hotA hai / vAgbhaTa-dvatIya kA vIrarasa vivecana hemacandra sammata hai|' papasu daragaNi ne vIrarasa ke tIna bheva kiye hai-yAvIra dAnavIra aura yuddhviir| isa prakAra jainAcAryoM dvArA kiyA gayA vivecana apane Apa me pUrNa hai| yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki sAmAnyatayA vIrarasa ke cAra bheda mAne jAte haiMdAnavIra, dayAvIra, yuddhavIra aura dhamavIra / kintu jainAcAryoM ne kevala tIna bhedo kA hI ullekha kiyA hai, cAra kA nhii| kucha AcAryoM ne dayAvIra kA ullekha na kara zeSa tIna bhedo kA ullekha kiyA hai, jiname vAgbhaTa-prathama, hemacandra, narendraprabhasUri aura vAgbhaTa-dvitIya Ate haiN| ye AcArya bharata-paramparA ke poSaka haiN| kucha AcAryoM ne dharmavIra kA ullekha na kara zeSa tIna bhedoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, jiname vijayavarNI, ajitasena aura papasundaragaNi Ate haiN| rAmacandra-guNacandra ko vIrarasa ke koI nizcita bheda mAnya nahIM haiN| bhayAnaka rasa isakA sthAyibhAva bhaya hai| isakI utpatti bhayAnaka dRzyoM ko dekhane se hotI hai| AcArya bharata ne vikRta dhvani, bhayAnaka prANiyoM ke darzana, siyAra aura ullU ke dvArA bAsa, udvega, zUnya-gRha, baraNya-praveSA, maraNa, svajanoM ke vadha bhayavA bandhana ke dekhane-sunane yA kayana karane Adi vibhAvoM se usakI utpatti bhAnI hai| 1 hindI nATyadarpaNa, 3 / 16 / 2 vahI, 3116 vivRti / 3 nyAyAdibodhyaH sthairyAvihenuSa tyAcapaskRta / utsAho dAna-puSa-dharmabhevo bhairarasaH smRt| -alakAramahopaSi, 3 / 2 / 4 bhUgArAvacA nidrakA, 3286-60 / 5. alaMkAracintAmaNi, 109 / 6 kAvyAnuzAsana, vAgbhaTa, pR0 56. 7. akabarasAhita gAravana, 45 8 mApavAstha, 379. 1 nahI, 663

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152 . vAcAyoM kA kAraNAstra meM yogadAna bihArya aura aSitasena-sammata gUDhArpa doSa meM koI bheda pratIta nahIM hotA hai| isa prakAra jJAta hotA hai ki pada doSoM ke prasana meM jainAcAyoM dvArA kiye gaye vividha prayAsoM ke bAda bhI prAya maulikatA kA abhAva hai| padAzagata-doSa. mammaTa me padAzagata doSo kA ullekha kiyA hai tathA atikTu, nihatArya, nirarthaka, abAcaka, azlIla, sadigdha aura neyArtha ina padAzagata doSoM ke udAharaNe bhI prastuta kiye haiN|' jainAcArya hemacandra aura narendraprabhasUri ne padaka deza (padAMzagata) doSo ko pada-doSa hI svIkAra kiyA hai| narendrapramasUri ne padAzagata doSo ko padagata doSa mAnate hue bhI mammaTollikhita ukta 7 padAMzagata doSoM me se azlIla ko choDakara cha doSoM ke udAharaNa bhI prastuta kie haiN| ye udAharaNa vahI haiM, jinheM mammaTa ne prastuta kiyA hai| vijayavarNI ne atikaTu, nirarthaka, azlIla sadigdha aura avAvaka ina 5 padAzagata doSoM kA pRSAsodAharaNa ullekha kiyA hai| yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki vijayavarNI ne yadyapi padANagata doSoM kA ullekha kiyA hai tathApi agale prakaraNa ko prArambha karate hue likhA hai ki 'padadoSa nirUpyAha vAkyadoSa vedhunA' isase spaSTa hai ki unhe bhI pAza doSo ko pRthak mAnanA abhISTa nahIM hai| mammaTa ne padAzagata doSo ko svatantra rUpa se svIkAra kiyA hai, kintu unake paravartI vAgbhaTa-dvitIya Adi jainAcAryoM ne unakA ullekha bhI nahI kiyA hai| isase itanA to spaSTa hai ki ukta jainAcAryoM ko pRthak pAzagata doSoM ko mAnanA abhISTa nahIM hai / AcArya hemacandra aura narendraprabhasUri Adi bainAcAryoM ne padAza doSo ko spaSTa rUpa se pada-doSa hI svIkAra kiyA hai| vijayavargI ne yadyapi mammaTa Adi AcAryoM kI taraha padAMza doSo kA sodAharaNa ullekha kiyA hai tathApi unake 'padadoSa... ' isa bAda vAle kathana se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki unhe bhI padAMza doSa pRthak mAnya nahIM haiN| isI prakAra anAcArya prAya. padAza doSo ko pRthak mAnane ke pakSa meM nahI hai| - 1 kAvyaprakAza, pR. 295-300 / 2 'padekaveza padameva'-kAvyAnuzAsana, pR. 200 evaM 'padaikadezo'pi padameva'-alakAramahodaSi, pR. 153 / 3 alaMkAramahodadhi, pR. 153-154 / 4 bhArAvadhAntikA, 1.134-36 /

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nAcAyoM kA kArovA punaruktatva - eka hI artha kA do bAra kama kara prAsyiya sadvipadalakSmIriti yuktameva / puSyalokakAntA sAmanyakAmyA surasotarA tu // isa prakAra kahakara eka hI artha ko puna kahate hai tasya kapATavistIrNa manoramora spasthitItasya arefreer seenrage sarvAGginyapareva lakSmIH // 2 yahA~ eka hI artha kA do bAra kathana hone se doSa hai / kahIM punaruktatA guSma ho jAtI hai| hemacandra ne guNa kA udAharaNa nimna prakAra diyA hai- prAptA zriya anakAmadudhAsta' ki darza pada zirasi vidviSatAM tata kim / saprINitA praNayino vibhakta ki kalpa sthitaM tanubhUta dhanubhistata kim || " yaha nirveda ke vazIa (udAsIna) vyakti kA kapana hone se zAnta rasa kI puSTi karatA hai, mata yahA~ punaruktatA guNa hai, yaha hemacandra kA mata hai / kintu mammaTa ne anavIkRtya nAmaka eka anya arthadoSa mAnA hai tathA usIke udAharaNa meM yaha pakSa prastuta kiyA hai / " yata yahA~ eka hI artha kA puna puna kathana kiyA gayA hai, ata koI navInatA na hone se mammaTa ke anusAra anavIkRtatva doSa hai / bhinnasaharatva --- ucita sahacara kI bhinnatA / yathA- zrutena muddhirvyasanena mUrkhatA madena jArI salikena nimmagA / nizA zazAGkena dhRti samAdhinA nayena vAlekriyate narendratA // yahAM zruti-buddhi Adi utkRSTa sahacaroM se vyasana-mUrkhatA rUpa nikRSTa sahacara kI minnatA bhinnasahacaratva doSa hai / viruddhavyaMgyatvaviruddha vyaMgya kA bhAva / yathA- 1. kAvyAnuzAsana, pu0 264 / 3. vahI, 10267 / 5 dekhiye kAvyaprakAza, pR0 233 / 2. bahI, pR0 264 // 4 vahIM, pu0 267 / 6 kAvyAnuzAsana pu0 267 /

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Qi jainAcAyoM kA mastri haiN| isake sAtha hI unhoMne vyabhicAribhAva, rakheM aura svAdako nAma grahaNa karane ko doSa mAmane vAle mammaTAdi ke mata kI karate hue yaha vyavasthA dI hai ki vibhAvAdi kI puSTi hone para vyabhicAribhAvAdi ko nAta grahaNa karane para bhI doSa nahI hotA hai / " yahA~ yaha ullekhanIya hai ki pariharati rati mati lumIte skhalatitarAM parivartate ca bhUyaH / iti vata viSamA dazAsya deha paribhavati prasabha kimatra kurma // isa patha meM becainI Adi anubhAva zRGgAra kI taraha karuNAdi meM bhI sambhava haiM, ata kAminI rUpa vibhAva kI pratIti yatnapUrvaka hone se mammaTa ne vibhAga kI kaSTakalpanA rUpa rasadoSa mAnA hai| kintu rAmacandra-guNacandra ukta padma meM vAkya doSa mAnate haiN| unakA kahanA hai ki do rasoM meM samAna rUpa se hone are vibhAvAdi arms padoM kI kisI eka niyata rasa meM vibhAvAdi kI kaSTa rAmacandra - guNacandra kA yaha kathana 4 pUrvaka pratIti sadigdhatA rUpa vAkyadoSa hai / eka sImA taka svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai / narendraprabhasUri" aura vijayavarNI' ne mammaTa-sammata hI 10 rasadoSI kA ullekha kiyA hai / yadyapi ajitasena ne rasadoSo kA vizeSa ullekha nahI kiyA hai tathApi unakI ora saMketa avazya kiyA hai| unhoMne rasa aura bhAva kA svazabda se grahaNa doSa mAnA hai| isI prakAra anubhAva kI kaSTakalpanA athavA pratikUla anubhAva Adi kA grahaNa karanA bhI doSa mAnA hai|" padmasundaramaNi ne nimna 5 3 aGgIzrAvayazca doSA paramArthato anaucityAnta pAtinI'pi sahRdayAnAmanaucityayutpAdanArthamudAharaNatvenopAtA / - hindI nATyadarpaNa, pR0 328 / 2 kecit vyabhicAri-rasa-sthAyinAM svazabdavAcyasva rasadoSamADu tadayuktam / vyabhicAryAdInAM svavAcakapadaprayoge'pi vibhAvapuSTI -- 'dUrAdutsukamAgate " / ' ityAdI rasotpateradISa evAyam / -vahI, pR0 328-329 / 3 kAvyaprakAza, pR0 360 / 4. ubhayarasasAdhAraNa vibhAvapadAnAM kaSTena niyatavibhAvAbhidhAyitvavikopa eferrerit vAkyadoSa eva / - hindI nATyadarpaNa, pU0 329 5 alakAramahodadhi, 5118-20 / 6 zRMgArArNavacandrikA, 101177-180 1 7 laGkAracintAmaNi, 5257 / 8. vahI, 5 / 260-261 /

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183 kiyA hai- (1), (2) niraMta, (3) (5) patrapuSTa (4) ra capallasita roSoM para vicAra karane se pratIta hotA hai ki vAcAya dvArA nirUpita yaha prakaraNa bhI AcArya mammaTa se pUrNa prabhAvita hai| hemacandra meM career for foyA hai| zeSa rasAdi kI svazabdavAcyatA aura pratikUka farmers ke arrer mammaTasamma yo anya doSI ko mAnane meM koI fazeSa hetu prastuta nahIM kiyA hai| sAtha hI unhoMne anya prakAra se una do doSoM ko svIkAra bhI kiyA hai, jinakA yathAsthAna vivecana kiyA jA cukA hai / rAmaere-goer ne kevala 5 rasadoSoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, kintu unakI mula mAnyatA yahI hai ki rasadoSo ke prathama bheda anaucitya meM ho anya sabhI rasadoSoM kA antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| rAmacandra guNacandra kA yaha mata nizcaya ho Anandavardhana kA prabala samarthaka hai kyoMki Anandavardhana bhI anaucityAdRte nAnyada rasabhagasya kAraNam' ityAdi ke dvArA rasadoSo ke mUla meM anaucitya ko hI svIkAra karate haiN| narendraprabhasUri aura vijayavarNI mammaTa ke upajIvya hai / padmasundaramaNi kA rakhadoSa vivecana koI vizeSa nahIM hai / ajitasena ne rasAdi kI svazabdabAdhyatA aura anubhAvAdi kI pratikUlatA rUpa mAtra do rasadoSoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| caiSa vAgbhaTa prathama, vAgbhaTa dvitIya aura bhAvadevasUri Adi jainAcAyoM ne rasadoSoM kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai, kintu isase yaha anumAna lagAnA ki unheM rasadoSa mAnya nahIM the, unake sAtha anyAya hI hogA / / isa prakAra aba taka padagata, padAMzagata, vAmamaMgata, arthagata aura rasagatadoSoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| tadanusAra mainAcAryoM ne sAmAnyata pUrvAcAryoM ko AdhAra mAnakara apanA vivecana prastuta kiyA hai, kintu AvazyakatAnusAra kahIMnai gawran ause karate hue apanI prabala yuktiyoM dvArA svamata kA maNDana bhI kiyA hai| isase itanA to spaSTa hai ki jainAcAyoM dvArA kiyA gayA doSa viSaya yaha prayAsa stutya hai / ata isakI upekSA nahIM kI jA sakatI hai| bhAvarUpa doSa parihAra : upayuktoM meM se doSa Adi ke aucitya se yA guma bana jAte haiN| maMtrI no doSa parihAra kahA gayA hai| yadi vistRta vivecana kiyA jAeM to isakA kaile doSa vivecana ke kama hI hogaa| kyoMki 1. sAhityacAraNa 4112-10 +

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232 jainAcAryoM kA balakArazAstra meM yogadAna (6) zRGkhalAvecizyahetuka-dIpaka, sAra, kAraNamAlA, ekAvalI aura maalaa| (7) apalavamUlaka-mIlana, bakrokti aura vyAbokti / (8) vizeSaNavaicitryahetuka-parikara bhaura samAsokti / upayukta malakAra-vargIkaraNa ke prasaga meM rudraTa, ruyyaka, narendraprabhasUri maura matijasena-ina pAra AcAryoM ke mato ko uddhRta kiyA gayA hai, jinameM antima do jainAcArya hai| AcAya narendraprabhasUri kA alakAra-vargIkaraNa samyaka se prabhAvita hai / antara kevala itanA hai ki rugyaka ne jina alakAro ke mUla meM sAdRzya ko svIkAra kiyA hai, vahI narendraprabhasUri ne unake mUla meM atizayokti mAnA hai| rugyaka ne rasabadAdi alakAro ko avargIkRta rakhA hai, kintu narendraprabhasUri ne unheM rasavadAdi ko sajJA se abhihita kiyA hai / zeSa vivecana meM prAya samAnatA hai| ___ ajitasena ne do prakAra se alakAra vargIkaraNa prastuta kiyA hai, jo vidyAnAtha se pUNata prabhAvita hai| jahA~ vidyAnAtha ne mAlAdIpaka malakAra kA ullekha kiyA hai, vahA~ ajitasena ne mAlA aura dIpaka-dana do alaMkAroM kA pRSakapRthak ullekha kiyA hai, jo ucita pratIta nahI hotA hai, kyoMki ajitasena ne 'mAlA' alakAra kI gaNanA nahIM kI hai /

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35 anAcAryoM kA alaMkArazAstra me yogadAna paDapamUlazavavaicitrya 21 vyAkIrNa / 247 vyAghAta 52, 218, 220, 229, 45, 241 224, 226, 227, 229, sambakatA 245, 246, 247 230, 231 yajanA 26, 45, 51, 78, 79, byAja 227 240, 241, 278 vyAjastuti 11, 215, 218, 220, sajanAvRtti (dhvani) 235 221, 224, 225, 229, vyavanAvyApAra 244 230, 231 vyaJjanAsvarUpa 33 vyAjoSita 217, 218, 220, 221 vyatireka 11, 206, 213, 214, 224, 225, 229, 230, 215, 218, 220, 221, 231, 232, 292 224, 225, 227, 229, vyAdhi 48, 130, 275 230, 231 vyAyoga 12, 17, 83, 287 vyapadeza 5, 212 vyAhata 143, 14, 168, 169, vyabhicAribhAva 11, 17, 21, 31, 177, 178 33, 39, 47, 100, 101, vyAhatArtha 102, 103, 104, 122 vyAhavAcasva 170 129, 130, 131, 132, vyutpatti 62, 14, 72, 74, 75, 133, 134, 136, 138, ___ 178, 182, 247 pIDanaka 3, 105, 109, 121, 122, 288 vyavahAra kA bodha 68 proDanakarasa 121, 139 vyavahArajJAna proga 130, 149, 163 vyavahita bIDAjanaka 168 vyasana 16, 286 voDAjanaka-azlIla vyasanarasa voDAmiyamaka vyasanI 262 hI0 kRSNamAcArya dhyasta 210 vyastasamasta 21. zakAra dhyastasambandha vyAkaraNa 13, 14, 65,76 vyAkaraNavisva 150, 151 zahara 18. vyartha 143, 145 107 272 214

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348 : jemAmAyA kA balaMkArazAstra meM yogadAna saMjJa samajyoti 5, 212, 213, 291 samatA 8, 189, 190, 191, 196, saTTaka satya 197 satvaja satvaja alakAra satyabhAmA 243, 245 12, 18, 83, 84, 287 268 268 12, 267, 294 271 satyaharizcandranATaka 15 saniyama parivRtta 168, 169 santAnIya khaNDilla gaccha 43 santoSa 16, 131 sadAnitaka 12, 82, 84, 96 sandigdha 147, 149, 152, 162, 165, 167, 168, 169, 176, 177, 178, 185 sandigdhatA 165, 171, 182, 184, 289 sandigdhaprAdhAnya 97, 287 sandeha 217, 221, 226, 229, 231, 252 227 17, 204, 255 158 158, 184 161 sandehasakara sandhi sandhi-azlIlatA sandhikaSTatA sannicyuta sandhidoSa sandhivizleSatA 143, 145 158 204 50 211 sabhaGgazleSavakrokti 207 sama 11, 215, 218, 220, 224, 225, 226, 229, 230, 231 sandhyaGga saptasmaraNavRtti sabha samatAhIna samayamANikya (samara) samayaviruddha samaya sundaragaNi samarAditya 176, 177 61 143, 145 53, 57 94 185 12, 17, 83, 287 210 samartha samaya kAra samasta samAdhi 189, 191, 197, 218, 220, 221, 224, 225, 229, 230, 231 156, 161, 162 153, 155 158 184 67 67 samAptapunarAta samAptapunarAttatA samAptapunarArambhatA samAptipunarArabdha samAsayukta samAsarahita samAsokti 11, 213, 215, 218, 220, 221, 224, 226, 227, 229, 230, 231, 232 samAhita 5 212, 213, 214, 215, 218, 219, 220, 224, 229, 230, 231 samuruvaya 19, 213, 214, 215, 218, 220, 221, 224, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230 samuccayAlaMkAra

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bAbvAnumaNikA 351 sneha 16, 108, 109, 286 107 havRtta 12 138 itaktatA 153, 155, 157, 111 hammIrakAvya 288 hayagrIvavaSa sphuTapratIyamAnavasturUpa 230, 231, haranAtha dvivedI 292 231 193 hariprasAda zAstrI sphoTasivAnta 233 130, 138 smaraNa 218, 227, 228, 230, haSakItisari hallIkhaka 12, 18, 83, 287 smita 112, 113, 138 hasita 112, 113 smRti 11, 48, 130, 215, 220 hAlA paTela kI pola 55 221, 224, 226, 275 hAthI 7,2689 syAdizabdasamuccaya 24 hAyanasundara 47 sragdharA hArabandha 210 svakIyA 34, 263, 264, 266 hAva 18, 268, 269 svata sambhavI 11, 246, 251, 293 hAsa 136, 137, 180 svata siddha 246, 250 hAsya 3, 48, 51, 102, 104, svabhAvaja 268, 271 105, 106, 108, 122, svabhAvahIna 143, 145 123, 124, 125, 187, 281, 288 svabhAvokti 11, 95, 213, 211, hAsyarasa 112, 113 218, 220, 221, 229, 68 230, 231 hInatA svayavara 26, 90 hIyamAnAkSara 21. 134, 241 hIravijaya svarabheda 17, 128, 129 humAyU svazabdavAcyatA hRdayakavi svAndokti 1 ra 17,45, 193, 200, 213, svasaMketapradArtha 147, 148 214, 215, 219, 220, svAdhInapatikA 11, 12, 47, 266 221, 224, 221, 227, svAbhAvika 14, 218 228 46