Arhat Vachan 2012 01

Author(s): Anupam Jain
Publisher: Kundkund Gyanpith Indore
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/526592/1

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I.S.S.N. - 0971 - 9024 R.N.I.No. 50199/88 arhat vacana ARHAT VACANA kundakunda jJAnapITha (devI ahilyA vizvavidyAlaya, indaura dvArA mAnyatA prApta zodha saMsthAna), indaura dvArA prakAzita zodha traimAsikI Quarterly Research Journal of Kundakunda Jnanapitha, INDORE ___ (Recognised by Devi Ahilya University, Indore) varSa 24,aMka 01 Volume 24, Issue 01 mAnada - sampAdaka DaoN. anupama jaina prAdhyApaka evaM vibhAgAdhyakSa-gaNita, zAsakIya holakara (svazAsI) vijJAna mahAvidyAlaya, indaura-452001 bhArata 20731-2797790,2545421 janavarI-mArca 2012 January-March 2012 HONY. EDITOR Dr. Anupam Jain Professor & Head-Department of Mathematics, Govt. Holkar (Autonomous) Science College, __INDORE - 452001 INDIA email : anupamjain3@rediffmail.com prakAzaka PUBLISHER DaoN. ajitakumArasiMha kAsalIvAla Dr. Ajitkumarsingh Kasliwal adhyakSa President kundakunda jJAnapITha Kundakunda Jnanapitha 584, mahAtmA gAMdhI mArga, tukogaMja, 584, M.G.Road, Tukoganj, indaura 452001(ma.pra) INDORE -452 001 (M.P.) INDIA (0731)2545744, (0) 2434718,09302104700 kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura kI ora se adhyakSa-DaoN. ajitakumArasiMha kAsalIvAla dvArA 584, mahAtmA gAMdhI mArga, indaura se prakAzita evaM sugana grAphiksa, LG-11, TreDa senTara, sAUthatukogaMja, indaura se mudrita phona: 4065518 sampAdaka :DaoN. anupama jaina, indaura

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2 bhArata ke pradhAnamaMtrI dvArA ghoSita rASTrIya gaNita varSa 2012 arhat vacana sampAdaka maMDala, 2012 evaM 2013 adhyakSa prAcArya narendraprakAza jaina, phirojAbAda parAmarzamaNDala DaoN. e. ke. bAga, dillI DaoN. DI. sI. jaina, dillI pro. gokulacanda jaina, indaura pro. lakSmIcanda jaina, jabalapura DaoN. pITara phlUgela, briTena DaoN. rAjamala jaina, ahamadAbAda pro. esa. ela. garga, indaura pro. rAdhAcaraNa gupta, jhAMsI pro. takAo hAyAzI, jApAna zrI aravinda kumAra jaina, indaura varSa 1 varSa 3 varSa - sahasampAdaka DaoN. surekhA mizrA, indaura - sampAdakIya patrAcAra kA patA (Address for editorial correspondence) - DaoN. anupama jaina Dr. Anupam Jain 'jJAna chAyA' DI 14, sudAmA nagara, 'Gyan Chhaya' D - 14, Sudama Nagar, Indore-452009 10 varSa AjIvana sampAdaka maNDala bra. anila jaina zAstrI, indaura pro. je. esa. kuzavAha, indaura pro. jagadIzacanda upAdhyAya, indaura indaura - 452009 phona: 0731-2797790 Ph.: 0731-2797790 email : anupamjain3@rediffmail.com, 094250-53822 zrI jayasena jaina, indaura DaoN. pragati jaina, indaura pro. rajanIza jaina, indaura DaoN. saMgItA vinAyakA, indaura pro. zreNika baMDI, indaura zrI sUrajamala bobarA, indaura 1500.00 2100.00 1 janavarI 2012 se sadasyatA kI dareM nimnavat rahegI bhArata 200.00 500.00 DaoN. ajitakumAra siMha kAsalIvAla prakAzaka videza 20 U.S. S 50 U.S.S 150 U.S. S 200 U.S. $ IsavI navavarSa 2012 sabhI pAThakoM / lekhakoM / zubhacintakoM ko maMgalamaya ho...... DaoN. anupama jaina sampAdaka lekhakoM dvArA vyakta vicAroM ke liye ve svayaM uttaradAyI haiN| sampAdaka athavA sampAdaka maNDala kA unase sahamata honA Avazyaka nahIM haiN| isa patrikA se koI bhI Alekha punarmudrita karate samaya patrikA ke sambaddha aMka kA ullekha avazya kreN| sAtha hI sambaddha aMka kI eka prati bhI hameM preSita kreN| samasta vivAdoM kA nipaTArA indaura nyAyAlayIna kSetra meM hI hogA / ahat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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arhat vacana kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura IsavI navavarSa kI zubha belA meM arhat vacana ke 24veM varSa kA prathama aMka pAThakoM ko samarpita hai| kisI patrikA kA satata prakAzana ke 24veM varSa meM praveza svayaM meM gauravapUrNa hai aura hama yaha kSaNa apane sudhI pAThakoM ko evaM prabuddha lekhakoM ko samarpita karate haiN| jaina paramparA meM 24 ke aMka kI mahattA sarva vidita hai phalata: yaha saba ke lie vizeSa khuzI kA avasara hai| yaha varSa kundakunda jJAnapITha kI sthApanA kA rajata jayantI varSa bhI hai| arhat vacana kI vikAsa yAtrA meM hamane aneka par3Ava dekheM haiN| kabhI vyavadhAna bhI AyeM kintu una saba para ApakI zubhakAmanAoM se vijaya paayii| aba patrikA ke svarUpa meM guNAtmaka abhivRddhi karane ke bhAva se hama apane mAnanIya lekhakoM evaM pAThakoM se kucha sahayoga kA anurodha kara rahe haiM, jo nimnavat hai| lekhakoM se 1. 2. 3. sampAdakIya sAmayika saMdarbha - lekha kI prApti ke tatkAla bAda hama prApti se avagata karA dete haiM kintu samIkSakoM se saMstuti prApta hone meM anekazaH 3-6 mAha kA samaya laga jAtA hai| AzA hai lekhakagaNa sahayoga kreNge| arhat vacana kI viSaya paridhi bahuta sImita hai| kRpayA isakA dhyAna rakhakara hI lekha bhejeM to acchA rhegaa| pro. gokula candra jaina ke prati sammAna svarUpa hamane isa aMka meM nyAya viSayaka lekha prakAzita kiyA hai| unakA lekha 'bhAratIya pramANa zAstra ke itihAsa meM pratyakSa pramANa' jJAnapITha ke prati unake sneha evaM anurAga kA pratIka hai jo hameM arhat vacana meM prakAzana hetu prApta huA hai| janavarI 2012 se Reprint dene kI vyavasthA samApta kI jA rahI hai| kyoMki hama sI. DI. meM sampUrNa aMka upalabdha karA rahe haiN| www.jainaeducation.com para arhat vacana ke aneka aMka upalabdha haiM ataH lekhaka vahA~ se bhI priMTa nikAla sakate haiN| varSa 2010 evaM 2011 ke pUrva ke aMkoM ko bhI website para upalabdha karAne kI hama vyavasthA kara rahe haiN| pAThaka gaNa inheM vahA~ se bhI prApta karane kI vyavasthA kara sakate haiN| pAThakoM se 1. 1 janavarI 2012 ke bAda hama prakAzanArtha kevala ve hI lekha svIkAra kareMge jo pUrva meM aprakAzita hone ke pramANa patra evaM isa aMka ke pRSTha 82 para mudrita General Instructions and Information for Contributors athavA lekhakoM hetu anudeza pR. 24 ke anurUpa hoMge anyathA hama unaka paMjIyana hI nahIM kara sakeMge arthAt aise lekha jo Hard Copy evaM Soft Copy ke sAtha meM sArAMza evaM pUrNa sandarbhoM sahita nahIM hoMge athavA jinameM samIcIna saMdarbha sthala yA pUrNa saMdarbha Adi nahIM hoMge unheM hama prakAzanArtha svIkAra nahIM kara skeNge| hAtha se likhakara bheje gaye lekha svIkArya nahIM hoNge| prakAzana ke prAraMbha se hI hama aneka vidvAnoM, cintakoM, sahayogiyoM ko arhat vacana kI niHzulka pratiyAM bhejate rahe haiN| mUlya bhI lAgata se hamane bahuta kama rakhA hai| sabhI niHzulka prApta karane vAle mahAnubhAvoM se nivedana hai ki ve aba svayaM sadasyatA grahaNa kareM athavA apane saMsthAna ko sadasyatA dilaayeN| DAka kI bar3hatI daroM ke kAraNa hameM patrikA niHzulka bhejanA kaThina hotA jA rahA hai| 1 janavarI 2012 se sadasyatA kI dareM pR. 2 para prakAzita vivaraNAnusAra rhegii| arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 3

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rajata jayantI varSa meM pAThakoM ke lAbha hetu arhat vacana ke purAne aMka upalabdhatA ke AdhAra para rupaye 50.00 prati aMka kI dara se upalabdha karAye jA rahe haiN| sajilda phAileM 250.00 rupaye prativarSa (vAlyUma) kI dara se upalabdha haiN| AzA hai ki hamAre prabuddha pAThaka evaM zodha saMsthAnoM ke nidezaka, pustakAlayoM ke prabaMdhaka isa yojanA kA lAbha leNge| jambUdvIpa ke vikAsa ke masIhA the kSa. motIsAgara pUjya pIThAdhIza kSu. motIsAgara jI ke samAdhimaraNa (hastinApura 10.11.11) se pUjya kSullaka jI kI cirasaMcita abhilASA kI pUrti jarUra ho gaI kintu di. jaina samAja ne eka samarpita tIrthabhakta evaM nispRhI saMta kho diyaa| aSTAnhikA parva, zikSA guru gaNinIpramukha zrI jJAnamatI mAtAjI kA sasaMgha sAnnidhya, jambUdvIpa hastinApura kI puNya bhUmi, siddhacakra vidhAna kI samApana belA, sabakucha samAdhi kI dRSTi se anukUlatA thii| satata sAvadhAnI, lagoTI evaM cAdara ke parigraha tyAga kI sAMketika bhAvanA, AtmA evaM zarIra kI bhinnatA ke prati sajagatA baratate hue 10 navambara ko madhyAnha 1.05 para Apane isa nazvara zarIra kA jambUdvIpa hastinApura meM tyAga kara diyaa| jambUdvIpa hetu bhUmi kraya se lekara aba taka kI vikAsa yAtrA ke ve pathika hai| gaNinI jJAnamatI mAtAjI ke svapna ko sAkAra karane meM jina triratnoM - 1. bra. motIcanda jaina sarrApha (pIThAdhIza kSu. motIsAgarajI) 2. karmayogI bra. ravIndrakumAra jaina (svastizrI pIThAdhIza ravIndrakIrti jI mahArAja) 3. bra. (ku.) mAdhurI zAstrI (prajJAzramaNI AryikA zrI candanAmatI mAtAjI) kA nAma svarNAkSaroM meM likhA jaayegaa| unameM pIThAdhIza kSu. motIsAgara jI kA nAma sarvopari hai| unakI samAdhi ke uparAnta gaNinI jJAnamatI zodhapITha, jambUdvIpa, hastinApura meM Ayojita zraddhAMjali sabhA meM ailAcArya vasunandi jI (sasaMgha), gaNinI pramukha zrI jJAnamatI mAtAjI (sasaMgha), AryikA zrI abhayamatI mAtAjI (sasaMgha), karmayogI bra. ravIndra kumArajI (vartamAna svastizrI pIThAdhIza ravIndrakIrti svAmIjI) jyotiSAcArya paM. dhanarAjajI (amInagara sarAya) prAcIna di. jaina bar3A mandira hastinApura ke padAdhikArI, jambUdvIpa saMsthAna ke padAdhikArI-karmacArI, dillI, bambaI,dhUliyAna, auraMgAbAda, paiThaNa, paTanA, sanAvada, bhopAla, indaura, lakhanaU, avadhaprAnta, prayAga, kuNDalapura, mAMgItuMgI ke bhaktagaNa upasthita rhe| jambUdvIpa ke kaNa-kaNa meM unakA spandana hai| jIvana ke aMtima varSoM meM ve kSullaka kI caryA ke nirvAha ke sAtha hI choTI se choTI cIja para bhI najara rakhate the| jambUdvIpa parisara meM aneka maMdiroM ke nirmANa ke prati unakI abhiruci to jaga jAhira hai| kintu pAThakoM ko yaha jAnakara khuzI hogI ki ve pustakoM/patrikAoM ko bahuta rucipUrvaka par3hate the| maiM jaba bhI hastinApura jAtA to ve pUchate mere lie kyA lAye ho? aura jaba maiM unheM koI naI pustaka yA patrikA detA to bahuta khuza hokara AzIrvAda dete the| jambUdvIpa pustakAlaya ke vikAsa meM unakI isa sAhityika abhiruci kA bar3A yogadAna hai| kundakunda jJAnapITha indaura evaM anya aneka saMsthAoM ke pratinidhi ke rUpa meM mujhe bhI unake aMtima darzana evaM zraddhAMjali samarpaNa kA avasara prApta huaa| aise ananya guru bhakta, tIrtha bhakta, vikAsa puruSa evaM sajaga saMta ke caraNoM meM zat-zat nmn| varSa 2012 se hamane arhat vacana ke sampAdaka maNDala ke svarUpa meM bhI parivartana kiyA hai| isase hama adhika vidvAnoM kA mArgadarzana pA skegeN| hamAre sabhI TrasTiyoM kA to satat sahayoga hameM milatA hI hai| 2010 evaM 2011 kI avadhi meM sampAdaka maNDala ke sadasya rahe sabhI sAthiyoM ke prati sAdara AbhAra evaM AgAmI varSoM meM bhI sahayoga ke anurodha shit| - DaoN. anupama jaina arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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arhat vacana kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura varSa 24, aMka 1 janavarI mArca 2012, 5-7 - - jina pUjA evaM gaMdhodaka # AcArya vidyAnanda muni * sArAMza jaina samAja meM pUjA paddhati ke bAre meM vartamAna samaya meM cala rahI nirarthaka bhrAMtiyoM ke bAre meM Agamokta spaSTIkaraNa evaM mArgadarzana prastuta Alekha meM pradAna kiyA gayA hai| sampAdaka pairoM para caMdanAdi ke TIke lagAte haiM to Apa usakA niSedha kyoM karate ho ? 1 zabda kI vyutpatti aura paramparA kA jJAna Apane caraNoM meM caMdana lagAne kA niSedha kiyA jabaki jayadhavalAkAra ne caMdana lagAnA kathaMcit svIkAra kiyA hai| yathA 'chu hAvaNa' 2 artha- candana lagAnA / chuhAvaNa zabda saMskRta zabda se tadbhava huaa| 'zubhAvana' se 'chuhAvaNa' banA hai zubhA yAni sugandhita vRkSa, avana yAni nIce lagAnA arthAt sugandhita candana ko bhagavAna ke caraNoM meM lagAnA aura vahI abhiSeka ke bAda vaha dhula jAtA hai jo gandhodaka kahalAtA hai / zabdoM kI vyutpatti aura paramparA se Aye AcAryoM ke grantha jaba taka hama nahIM par3heMge taba taka koI bhI bAta spaSTa nahIM hogii| jaise 'pUjA' zabda mUla meM 'pUje' zabda thA jo ki dezI ( dravir3a ) zabda hai pUyA zabda mahArASTrI prAkRta zabda hai| pU kA artha phUla aura 'je' kA artha caDhAnA sAmAnyataH pahale phUla car3hAne kI paddhati thI / kundakundAcArya ne bhI 'pUjemi' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| saMskRta meM 'pUjA' zabda hai jo ki aSTadravyAdi se arcanA ke bhAva darzAtA hai| 'carU - bali- puppha-gaMdha-dhUva-dIvAdIhiM sagabhattipagAso acaNa NAma / ' artha- carU bali', arcanA, puSpa, phala, gaMdha, dhUpa aura dIpa (jala, akSata) Adiko se apanI bhakti prakAzita karane kA nAma arcanA hai / 'pUjana' kA prAkRta meM 'pUyaNa' zabda banatA hai| isakA artha isa prakAra hai 'gandhamAlyA''dibhirabhyarcane / " gaMdha zabda kA artha candana hai aura usase mizrita jala gaMdhodaka kahalAtA hai| yathA 'gandhapradhAne zrIkhaNDAdau / ' 'zrI khaNDAdirasamizre jle|" zAstroM meM jinendra bhagavAn ke caraNoM kA gaMdhodaka lagAne kA bahuta mahatva hai| paM. phUlacanda siddhAntazAstrI ne bhAratIya jJAnapITha se prakAzita jJAnapITha pUjAMjali kA sampAdana karate hue laghu abhiSeka pATha meM likhA hai mukti - zrI - vanitA - karodakamiMda puNaGkarotpAdakaM, nAgendra tridazendra-cakra- padavI - rAjyAbhiSekodakam / samyagajJAna-caritra-darzanalatA - saMvRddhi - saMpAdakaM, kIrti - zrI jaya - sAdhakaM tava jina snAnasya gandhodaka 112017 'artha- he jina! Apake snapana kA gandhodaka muktilakSmIrUpI vanitA ke kara ke udaka ke * digambara jaina muni paramparA meM dIkSita, sarvAdhika variSTa AcArya, rASTrasaMta, samparka : kundakunda bhAratI 18-bI, spezala iMsTITyUzanala eriyA, maharaulI ror3a, naI dillI- 110067

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samAna hai, puNyarUpI aMkura ko utpanna karAnevAlA hai, nAgendra, devendra aura cakravartI ke rAjya ke abhiSeka ke jala ke samAna hai, samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra rUpI latA kI vRddhi kA sampAdaka hai tathA kIrti, lakSmI aura jaya kA sAdhaka hai| uparyukta zloka ko par3hakara gandhodaka grahaNa karanA caahie| gandhodaka lagAne kA sthAna 'gaMdhAMbhaH sumanArha daMghriyugasaM sprshaatpvitriikRtm| deveMdrAdi ziro-lalATa-nayana nyAsocitaM mNglm|| teSAM sparzanatasta evaM sakalAH pUtA abhogocitm| bhAle netrayuge ca mUrdhani tathA srverjnairdhaarytaam||'' artha- bhagavAn ke caraNa meM car3hAye hue sugandhita jala arihaMta bhagavAna ke pavitra caraNa ke sparza hone se pavitra ho jAte haiN| ataeva devendrAdi ke bhI lalATa, mastaka, netra meM dhAraNa karane yogya hai| unake sparza karane mAtra se hI pUrva meM aneka jana pavitra ho cuke haiN| isalie una gaMdhodaka Adi ko bhavya jIva sadA lalATa, nayanadvaya va mastaka meM sadAkAla bhakti se dhAraNa kare / jinendra bhakti evaM gaMdhodaka kA mahatva'yadIya pAdAmbujabhaktizIkaraH surAsuradhIza padAya jaayte|' artha- jinendra bhagavAn ke caraNoM kA eka bUMda gaMdhodaka jo bhakti se lagAtA hai, vaha indradharaNendra Adi kI padavI ko pAtA hai| jinendra bhakti evaM gaMdhodaka lagAne kA phala mainA sundarI ne pAyA thA 'zrI siddhacakra kA pATha, karo dina ATha, ThATha se praannii| phala pAyo mainA raanii||' 'jaise maMtranimittakari jalAdikaviSai rogAdika dUri karane kI zakti ho hai|' 9 sundara puSpa sugandhita jala kI varSA"mandAra-sundara-namela-supArijAta, sntaankaadikusumotkrvRssttiruddhaa| gandhoda-bindu-zubha-manda-marut-prapAtA, divyA divaH patati te vacasAM tti|"10 artha-he bhagavan! Apake samavazaraNa meM jaba devagaNa AkAza se mandAra, sundara namerU, pArijAta santAnaka Adi, divya vRkSoM ke sundara puSpa aura sugaMdhita jala (gaMdhodaka) kI varSA karate haiM, taba manda-manda pavana ke jhokoM se hilora khAte ve aise bhavya pratIta hote haiM, mAno Apake zrImukha se vacanarUpI divya puSpa hI barasa rahe hoN| yaha puSpavRSTi prAtihArya kA varNana hai| Ajakala loga 13 paMtha, 20 paMtha tathA tAraNa paMtha Adi meM hI ulajha ge| jabaki zAstroM meM paMthoM kA nahIM paramparA se Ae hue jinAgama kA varNana hai| zAstra prArambha karane ke pahale 'paramparAcAryagurave namaH' kahate haiN| isakA matalaba yaha hai jo gurU paramparA se jJAna A rahA hai vahI hamAre lie Agama cakSu hai| jise paramparA kA bhI jJAna nahIM use AcAryoM ne isa prakAra kahA hai "svajAtipUrvajAnAMtu yo na jAnAti smbhvm| sa bhavet puMzcalIputrasadRzaH pitrvedkH||"11 apane pUrvajoM ke bhASA aura saMskRti viSaya meM jo vidvAn jAnakArI nahIM rakhatA vaha usa kulaTA putra ke samAna hai, jise pitA ke viSaya meM patA nhiiN| arthAt atIta hI vartamAna kA sAMskRtika AdhAra arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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hai| usa atIta ko na jAnanevAlA apanI prAcIna nidhi ke parijJAna binA nirAdhAra sadRza hai| svajAti samutpanna pUrvaja hI vaha ratnakoSa haiM, jinheM uttarAdhikAra meM prApta kara manuSya vAstavika saMskRti sampannatA kA adhikArI hotA hai| gRhasthoM ke lie jinapUjA pradhAna dharma hai kI pratimAoM kA hI Azraya liyA jAtA hai, ko asaMkhyAta guNI karma nirjarA hotI hai samaya jo AnaMda AtA hai vaha dharma hai| kahA bhI hai'puSpAdiH ratavanAdirvA naiva dharmasya sAdhanam / - bhAvoM hI dharmahetuH syAttadatra prayato bhavet // 12 artha- kevala jala, gaMdha, akSata, puSpa, caru, dIpa, dhUpa aura phala tathA japa, stavana, bhajana, zabdAtmaka guNakIrtana Adi AlaMbana hai, svayaM dharma nhiiN| vastutaH zuddha bhAva hI dharma kA hetu hai| isalie zuddha bhAva ke viSaya meM hI prayatnavAn honA caahiye| 'puSpAdirazanAdirvA na svayaM dharma eva hi| kSityAdiriva dhAnyasya kintu bhAvasya kAraNam // artha - kevala puSpAdi aSTadravya car3hAnA vagairaha kriyAkANDa aura AhArAdi dAna svayaM dharma nahIM hai kintu jaise khetI (bIja, pAnI, khAda va hala) vagairaha dhAnya kI utpatti meM nimitta sAdhana haiM vaise hI puSpAdi car3hAnA ye cIjeM zubhopayoga ke prabala sAdhana hai / , prastuta lekha kA sArAMza yaha hai ki prAkRta, apabhraMza bhASA ke tatsama tadbhava, dezI Adi zabdoM kA gUr3ha adhyayana atyaMta Avazyaka hai| zabda sampatti ke binA lekhaka / lekhikA bananA asambhava hai| yadi kisI zAstra ko par3hakara ke usameM apanA abhiprAya likheM to vaha Agama ke anusAra honA cAhie, use hI zAstroM meM bhASya kahA hai| yathA - - 'sUtrArthI varNyate yatra padaiH sUtrAnusAribhiH / svapadAni ca varNyante bhASyaM bhASyaM bhASyavido viduH // ' artha sUtra (Agama-paramAgama) ko anusaraNa karane vAle padoM ke dvArA sUtra kA artha batAyA jAe tathA apane padoM kA bhI vyAkhyAna kiyA jAe, use bhASyavettAoM ne 'bhASya' rUpa se jAnA hai / saMdarbha - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. yadyapi isameM jala, gaMdha, puSpAdi ke mAdhyama se paMcaparameSThI para vahAM bhI bhAva hI pradhAna hote hai, jinake kAraNa pUjaka vAstava meM jala, gaMdhAdi car3hAnA dharma nahIM hai varan car3hAte sarvajJa praNIta jaina bhUgola, DaoN. zrImatI ujjavalatA dinezacaMdra zahA, pRSTha 99 jayadhavalA, bhAga 1, 1/82, pRSTha 100 chakkhaMDAgama, baMdha., 3/42 pRSTha 92 'balirmastakasyoparitanabhAgenAvataraNaM kriye'hamiti tasya yoginaH' paramAtmaprakAza, brahmadeva TIkA, 2/160 abhidhAna rAjendra koza, bhAga 5, pRSTha 1073 vahI bhAga 3, pRSTha 797, 799 * jJAnapITha pUjAMjali bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI mahArSivAsupUjyakRta, dAnazAsanam, 3/84, pRSTha 45 9. paM. ToDaramala, mokSamArga prakAzaka, 2/42 10. AcArya mAnatuMga, bhaktAmara stotra, 33 11. paM. madana zarmA 'sudhAkara', kaviratnam 12. prabodhasAra 3, pRSTha 185 13. somadevasUri, upAsakAdhyayana, 42 / 792 prApta: 30 akTUbara 2011 arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 7

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kundakanda jJAnapITha, indaura-zodha samiti (nidezaka maNDala) 2012 evaM 2013 adhyakSa sadasya saciva pro. e.e. abbAsI pro. anupama jaina pUrva kulapati evaM mAnada nidezaka, prAdhyApaka evaM vibhAgAdhyakSa-gaNita, IDA Plot No 80 EB, zAsa. holakara (svazAsI) vijJAna mahAvidyAlaya, skIma naM. 94, baoNmbe haoNspiTala ke pAsa, indaura jJAnachAyA, DI-14, sudAmA nagara, indaura 0731-4041595 0731-2797790,094250-53822 sadasya pro. bimalakumAra jaina (pUrva saMkAyAdhyakSa vANijya-DaoN. harisiMha gaura vi.vi.) ela.AI.jI-52, padmAkara nagara, makaroniyA-sAgara pro. gaNeza kAvar3iyA (adhyakSa - arthazAstra vibhAga, devI ahilyA vizvavidyAlaya) e-3, prAdhyApaka nivAsa, devI ahilyA vi.vi., khaMDavA ror3a, indaura DaoN. ena.pI. jaina, pUrvarAjadUta I-50, gulamohara eksaTeMzana, sAketa, indaura pro. narendra dhAkar3a (atirikta saMcAlaka-ucca zikSA, indaura-ujjaina saMbhAga) 296, tilaka nagara, indaura pro. pArasamala agravAla (pUrva prAdhyApaka - bhautikI) 11, bhairavadhAma kaoNlonI, sekTara-3, hiraNamagarI, udayapura, (rAja.) pro. prabhunArAyaNa mizra (prAdhyApaka prabandha vijJAna evaM pUrva nidezaka) pI-2, prAdhyApaka nivAsa, khaMDavA ror3a, devI ahilyA vizvavidyAlaya, indaura DaoN. prakAzacandra jaina (sevAnivRtta vyAkhyAtA-hindI) 91/1, galI naM. 3, tilaka nagara, indaura pro. surezacandra agravAla (nidezaka-zuddha evaM prayukta vijJAna saMsthAna, zobhita vi.vi., meraTha) epha-4, tarukuMja, tejagar3hI, gar3ha ror3a, meraTha (u.pra.) mahAvIra TrasTa-ma.pra. kA mukhapatra sanmati vANI sampAdaka : zrI jayasena jaina parAmarza sampAdaka : DaoN. prakAzacanda jaina evaM DaoN. anupama jaina saha sampAdaka : DaoN. suzIlA sAlagiyA AjIvana zulka : ru. 1000=00 prakAzaka : zrI pradIpakumArasiMha kAsalIvAla, adhyakSa mahAvIra TrasTa, 63 mahAtmA gAMdhI mArga, indaura-452001 arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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arhat vacana kundakundajJAnapITha, indaura varSa - 24, aMka - 1, janavarI-mArca - 2012,9-23 bhAratIya pramANazAstra ke itihAsa meM pratyakSa pramANa vicAra (jaina pramANazAstra ke vizeSa sandarbha meM) -gokulacandra jaina* sArAMza bhAratIya pramANazAstra kA vikAsa vibhinna cintana dhArAoM ke saiddhAntika samIkSaNa prati samIkSaNa ke phalasvarUpa huA hai| vikAsa kI isa yAtrA meM jaina aura bauddha zramaNa paramparAoM kA mahattvapUrNa avadAna hai| jaina aura bauddha dArzanikoM ne apane-apane zAstAoM dvArA pratipAdita siddhAntoM kA tArkika vivecana karake unheM pramANazAstrIya pratiSThA pradAna kii| isake sAtha hI paramparAgata mAnyatAoM kA, avadhAraNAoM kA tArkika paddhati se samIkSaNa karake unheM sadoSa batAkara saMzodhanIya yA asvIkArya btaayaa| isakA suphala yaha huA ki sAMkhya-yoga, nyAya-vaizeSika, mImAMsA-vedAnta Adi sabhI darzanoM meM saiddhAntika mAnyatAoM kI tArkika dRSTi se vyAkhyAyeM kI gyiiN| jaina dArzanikoM ne bauddha tathA bauddhadArzanikoM ne jaina avadhAraNAoM kI paraspara bhI samIkSA kii| isa taraha bhAratIya pramANazAstra ne, jise bAda meM nyAyazAstra (laoNjika) nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA, naye cintana ko gatimattA pradAna kii| prakRta meM yahA~ vizeSa rUpa se pratyakSa pramANa para vicAra kiyA gayA hai| - sampAdaka bhAratIya pramANa zAstra ke mukhya pratipAdya viSaya haiM- (1) pramANa kA svarUpa, (2) pramANa ke bheda, (3) pramANa kA viSaya aura (4) pramANa kA phala / jaina dArzanikoM ne na kevala pramANa kA svarUpa nirdhAraNa karane meM pratyuta usake bheda, prabheda, viSaya aura phala ke vivicana meM bhI eka vizeSa dRSTi dI hai| pramANa ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM bhAratIya pramANa zAstra meM mukhya rUpa se do dRSTiyA upalabdha hotI 1. jJAna ko pramANa mAnane vaalii| 2. indriya Adi ko pramANa mAnane vaalii| jaina aura bauddha paramparA meM jJAna ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai| donoM meM aMtara itanA hai ki jaina savikalpaka jJAna ko pramANa mAnate haiM, bauddha nirvikalpaka jJAna ko| dUsarI paramparA vaidika darzanoM kI hai| nyAya-vaizeSika, sAMkhya-yoga, mImAMsaka sabhI kisI na kisI rUpa meM indriya Adi ko pramANa mAnate haiN| jaina dArzanikoM ne ina sabhI kI sadoSatA kA pratipAdana karake samyagjJAna ko pramANa kA svarUpa nizcita kiyA hai| pUrva prAdhyApaka evaM saMkAyAdhyakSa-zramaNa vidyA saMkAya, sampUrNAnanda saMskRta vi.vi., vArANasI, samparka I-1,zAlImAra pAmsa, pipalyAhAnA,indaura-452016

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- isI prakAra pramANa ke bhedoM ke viSaya meM bhI jaina dArzanikoM ne eka vizeSa dRSTi dI hai| unhoMne pramANa ke mUla rUpa meM do bheda batAe haiM pratyakSa aura parokSa parokSa ke smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAna aura Agama, ye pAMca bheda kie haiN| darzanAntaroM meM svIkRta anya bhedoM ko inhIM ke aMtargata samAhita kiyA gayA hai| isa saMdarbha meM eka vizeSa bAta yaha hai ki sAmAnya rUpa meM darzanAntaroM meM jisa jJAna ko pratyakSa kahA gayA hai, use jaina dArzanikoM ne parokSa kahA hai| pratyakSa kI yaha carcA na kevala bhedoM ke nirdhAraNa meM, pratyuta pramANa ke svarUpa nirdhAraNa kI dRSTi se bhI mahattvapUrNa hai| isalie yahAM pratyakSa ke vizeSa saMdarbha meM bhAratIya pramANa zAstra ko jaina dArzanikoM ke avadAna kA mUlyAMkana kiyA gayA hai| naiyAyikoM kA pratyakSa pramANa - naiyAyika indriyasannikarSa Adi ko pramANa mAnate haiN| vAtsyAyana ne nyAya bhASya' meM pratyakSa kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra kI hai akSasyAkSasya prativiSayaM vRttiH pratyakSam / vRttistu sannikarSo jJAnaM vA / yadA sannikarSastadA jJAnaM prmitiH| yadA jJAnaM tadA hAnopAdAnopre zAbuddhayaH phalam / udyotakara ne nyAyavArtika' meM vAtsyAyana ke bhASya kA anugamana karake sannikarSa aura jJAna donoM ko pratyakSa pramANa mAnakara isakA prabala samarthana kiyA hai / nyAyasUtra kI vyAkhyA meM vAcaspati kA bhI yahI tAtparya hai indriyArthasannikarSotpannaM jJAmavyadezayamavyamicAri vyavasAyAtmakaM pratyakSam / " -- nyAyabhASya tathA nyAyamaMjarI meM isakA vistRta vivecana hai / sannikarSavAdI naiyAyikoM kA kahanA hai ki artha kA jJAna karAne meM sabase adhika sAdhaka sannikarSa hai / cakSu kA ghaTa ke sAtha sannikarSa hone para hI ghaTa kA jJAna hotA hai| jisa artha kA indriya ke sAtha sannikarSa nahIM hotA, usakA jJAna bhI nahIM hotaa| yadi indriyoM se asannikRSTa artha kA bhI jJAna mAnA jAegA, to sabako saba padArthoM kA jJAna honA cAhie, kintu dekhA jAtA hai ki jo padArtha dRSTi se ojhala hote haiM, unakA jJAna nahIM hotA / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki indriya kAraka hai, aura kAraka dUra rahakara apanA kAma nahIM kara sktaa| ataeva yaha mAnanA cAhie ki indriya jisa padArtha se saMbaMdha nahIM karatI, use nahIM jAnatI, kyoMki vaha kAraka hai, jaise bar3haI kA vasUlA lakar3I se dUra raha kara apanA kAma nahIM karatA / jisa prakAra spazanendriya padArtha ko chUkara jAnatI hai, usI prakAra anya indriyAM bhI padArtha ko saMspRSTa hokara jAnatI haiN| sannikarSa ke meda nyAyavArtika' tathA nyAyamaMjarI meM sannikarSa ke chaha bheda kiye gaye haiM- 1. saMyoga, 2. saMyuktasamavAya, 3. saMyuktasamavetasamavAya, 4. samavAya, 5. samavetasamavAya 6 vishessnnvishessybhaav| inake udAharaNa isa prakAra haiM : 1. saMyoga sannikarSa cakSu kA ghaTa Adi padArthoM ke sAtha saMyoga sannikarSa hai / 2. saMyuktasamavAya sannikarSa ghaTa Adi meM samavAya sannikarSa se rahane vAle guNa, karma Adi padArthoM ke sAtha saMyuktasamavAya sannikarSa hai / 3. saMyuktasamavetasamavAya sannikarSa ghaTa Adi meM samavAya saMbaMdha se rahane vAle guNa karmAdi meM samavAya saMbaMdha se rahane vAle guNatva, karmatva Adi ke sAtha saMyuktasamavetasamavAya sannikarSa hai| 10 arhat vacana 24 (1) 2012 ,

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4. samavAya sannikarSa - zrotra kA zabda ke sAtha samavAya sannikarSa hai, kyoMki kAna ke chidra meM rahane vAle AkAza kA hI nAma zrotra hai| zabda AkAza kA guNa hai, isalie vahAM samavAya sannikarSa se rahatA hai| 5. samavetasamavAya sannikarSa - zabdatva ke sAtha samavetasamavAya sannikarSa hai / 6. vizeSaNa vizeSyabhAva sannikarSa- yaha ghara ghaTAbhAvavAlA hai| isameM vizeSaNavizeSyabhAva sannikarSa hai kyoMki para vizeSya hai aura usakA vizeSaNa ghaTAbhAva hai| pratyakSajJAna meM sannikarSa kI pravRtti prakriyA pratyakSajJAna cAra, tIna athavA do ke sannikarSa se utpanna hotA hai / bAhya rUpa Adi kA pratyakSa cAra ke sannikarSa se hotA hai AtmA mana saMbaMdha karatA hai, mana indriya se indriya artha se sukhAdi kA pratyakSa tIna ke sannikarSa se hotA hai| isameM indriya kAma nahIM karatI / yogiyoM ko jo AtmA kA se pratyakSa hotA hai / vaha kevala AtmA aura mana ina do ke sannikarSa se hotA hai | B naiyAyikoM ke pratyakSa lakSaNa kI samIkSA naiyAyikoM ke isa pratyakSa lakSaNa kA nirAsa jaina tArkika prabhAcandra ne nyAyakumudacandra tathA prameyakamalamArtaNDa meM vistAra ke sAtha kiyA hai| saMkSepa meM vaha isa prakAra hai 1. vastu kA jJAna karAne meM sannikarSa sAdhakatama nahIM hai, isalie vaha pramANa nahIM hai| jisake hone para jJAna ho tathA nahIM hone para na ho, vaha usameM sAdhakatama mAnA jAtA hai / sannikarSa meM yaha bAta nahIM hai| kahIM kahIM sannikarSa ke hone para bhI jJAna nahIM hotaa| jaise ghaTa kI taraha AkAza Adi ke sAtha bhI cakSu kA sannikarSa rahatA hai, phira bhI AkAza kA jJAna nahIM hotaa| ataeva sannikarSa pramANa nahIM hai| 2. sabhI indriyAM chUkara jAnatI hoM, yaha bAta nahIM hai| cakSu chUkara nahIM jAnatI / yadi chUkara jAtI, to AMkha meM lage hue aMjana ko dekhanA cAhie, kintu nahIM dekhtii| isI prakAra yadi chUkara jAnatI to DhakI huI vastu ko nahIM jAnanA cAhie, para aisA nahIM hai| kAMca Adi pAradarzI dravya se DhaMkI huI vastu ko vaha jAna letI hai| ataeva cakSu prApyakArI nahIM hai| jaina dArzanikoM ne tAttvArthavArtika" nyAyakumudacandra aura prameyakamalamArtaNDa" meM cakSu ke prApyakAritva kA vistAra se khaNDana kiyA hai / - 3. sannikarSa ko pramANa mAnane para sarvajJa siddha nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki yadi sarvajJa sannikarSa dvArA padArthoM ko jAnegA, to usakA jJAna yA to mAnasika hogA yA indriyajanya / mana aura indriyoM kI pravRtti apane viSayoM meM kramazaH hotI hai tathA unakA viSaya bhI niyata hai, jabaki trikAlavartI jJeya padArthoM kA aMta nahIM hai| sUkSma, aMtarita tathA vyavahita padArthoM kA indriyoM ke sAtha sannikarSa nahIM ho sakatA, ataH unakA jJAna bhI nahIM hogaa| isa taraha sarvajJa kA abhAva ho jaaegaa| 12-14 uparyukta doSoM ke kAraNa indriyAdi ke sannikarSa ko pratyakSa pramANa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / jarannaiyAyikoM kA pratyakSa lakSaNa kArakasAkalya - - jarannaiyAyikoM kI mAnyatA hai ki artha kA jJAna kisI eka kAraNa se nahIM hotA, pratyuta kArakoM ke samUha se hotA hai| eka do kArakoM ke hone para bhI jJAna utpanna nahIM hotA aura samagra kArakoM ke rahane para niyama se hotA hai| isalie kArakasAkalya hI jJAna kI utpatti meM sAdhakatama kAraNa hai / ataeva vahI pramANa hai| jJAna pramANa nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha to phala hai| phala ko pramANa mAnanA ucita arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 11

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nahIM hai, kyoMki pramANa aura phala bhinna-bhinna hote haiM / nyAyamaMjarIkAra ne likhA hai - 'avyabhicAriNImasandigdhAmarthopalabdhiM vidadhatI bodhAbodhasvabhAvA sAmagrIpramANam / 15 samIkSA - kArakasAkalya kI upayogitA ko svIkArate hue bhI jaina dArzanikoM ne vizeSa rUpa se isakA khaNDana kiyA hai / 16-17 unakA kahanA hai : 1. kArakasAkalya jJana kI utpatti meM kAraNa avazya hai, para arthopalabdhi meM to jJAna hI kAraNa hai| isalie kArakasAkalya ko arthopalabdhi meM sAdhakatama kAraNa nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| 2. yadi paramparA kAraNoM ko arthopalabdhi meM sAdhakatama kAraNa mAnA jAegA to jisa AhAra yA gAya ke dUdha se indriyoM ko puSTi milatI hai, usa AhAra tathA dUdha dene vAlI gAya ko bhI sAdhakatama kAraNa mAnanA hogaa| isa taraha kAraNoM kA koI pratiniyama hI nahIM raha jaaegaa| sAMkhya kA pratyakSa - lakSaNa - indriyavRtti sAMkhya darzana meM pratyakSa lakSaNa ke mukhya tIna prakAra haiM / pahalA viMdhyavAsI ke lakSaNa kA, jise vAcaspati ne vArSagaNya ke nAma se nirdiSTa kiyA hai| 18 dUsarA Izvara kRSNa ke lakSaNa kA tathA tIsarA sAMkhyasUtra ke lakSaNa kaa| hemacandra ne pramANamImAMsA21 meM vRddhasAMkhyoM kA pratyakSa lakSaNa isa prakAra diyA hai - 'zrotrAdivRttiravikalpikA pratyakSam iti vRddhasAMkhyAH / IzvarakRSNa kA lakSaNa isa prakAra hai - 'prativiSiyAdhyavasAyo dRSTam / 23 mATharavRtti24 tathA yogadarzana vyAsabhASya meM isa pratyakSa kA vistAra se vivecana kiyA gayA hai| sAMkhyoM kI mAnyatA hai ki artha kI pramiti meM indriyAdhIna antaH karaNavRtti hI sAdhakatama hai, ataH usI ko pramANa mAnanA caahie| vaha jaba viSaya ke AkAra rUpa meM pariNamana karatI hai, tabhI apane pratiniyata zabda Adi kA jJAna karAtI hai / isa prakAra padArtha kA samparka hone se pahale indriyoM ke dvArA antaHkaraNa kA viSayAkAra hone se vRtti hI pramANa hai| yogadarzana vyAsabhASya meM liyA hai -- 'sa indriyapraNAlikayA bAhyavastUparAgAt sAmAnyavizeSAtmano'rthasya vizeSAvadhAraNapradhAnAvRttiH pratyakSam / ukta vRtti kI prakriyA ke viSaya meM sAMkhyapravacanabhASyakAra ne likhA hai - atreyaM prakriyA- indriyapraNAlikayA arthasanmikarSeNa liGga jJAnAdinA vA Adau buddheH arthAkArA vRttiH jAyate / 27 sAMkhyA ke pratyakSa pramANa kI samIkSA - bauddha, jaina tathA naiyAyika tArkikoM ne sAMkhyoM ke pratyakSa lakSaNa kA khaNDana kiyA hai / bauddha tArkika diDnAga ne pramANa samuccaya meM , naiyAyika udyotakara ne nyAya- vArtika29 meM jayanta bhaTTa ne nyAyamaMjarI meM tathA jaina tArkika akalaMka ne nyAyavinizcaya:1 meM vidyAnanda ne tattvArthazlokavArtika32 meM, prabhAcandra ne nyAyakumudacandra aura prameyakamalamArtaNDa 34 meM, devasUri ne syAdvAdaratnAkara35 meM tathA hemacandra ne pramANamImAMsA meM indriyavRtti kA vistAra se nirAsa kiyA hai| jisakA saMkSipta sAra yaha hai arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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1. antaH karaNavRtti acetana hai, isalie vaha padArtha ko jAnane meM sAdhakatama nahIM ho sktii| 2. antaH karaNa kA padArtha ke AkAra honA pratiti viruddha hai / jaise darpaNa padArtha ke AkAra ko apane meM dhAraNa karatA hai, vaise aMtaH karaNa padArtha ke AkAra ko apane meM dhAraNa karatA nahIM dekhA jaataa| 3. antaH karaNa vRtti yadi antaH karaNa se bhinna hai to usakA indriyoM se saMbaMdha nahIM banatA aura yadi abhinna hai to suptAvasthA meM bhI indriya evaM antaH karaNa vyApAra jArI rahanA caahie| ina kAraNoM se antaH karaNa vRtti pramANa nahIM hai| mImAMsakoM kA pratyakSa lakSaNa - jJAtRvyApAra mImAMsAdarzana meM pratyakSa pramANa ke svarUpa kA nirdeza sarvaprathama jaiminIya sUtra meM milatA hai - "satsamprayoge puruSasyendriyANAM buddhijanma tatpratyakSamanimittaM vidymaanoplmbhntvaat|| jaiminI sUtra para zAbarabhASya Adi kaI TIkAeM haiM, jinameM isa lakSaNa kA vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se vivecana hai / mImAMsA zloka vArtika meM bhavadAsa kI vyAkhyA meM isa sUtra ko pratyakSa lakSaNa kA vidhAyaka mAnA gayA hai / 38 anya vyAkhyAoM meM isa lakSaNa ko anuvAdaka mAnA gayA hai| zAbarabhASya meM isa sUtra ke zAbdika vinyAsa meM matabheda rakhakara pAThAntara mAnane vAlI vRtti kA bhI ullekha hai| kumArila ne pahale pracalita sabhI mAnyatAoM kA khaNDana karake apane DhaMga se use anuvAda rUpa pratipAdita kiyA hai| isa prakAra mImAMsaka jJAtRvyApAra ko pratyakSa mAnate haiM / mImAMsAzlokavArtika42 meM tathA zAstradIpikA43 meM likhA hai ki jJAtR vyApAra ke binA padArtha kA jJAna nahIM ho sktaa| kAraka tabhI kAraka kahA jAtA hai, jaba usameM kriyA hotI hai| AtmA, indriya, mana tathA padArtha kA mela hone para jJAta kA vyApAra hotA hai aura vaha vyApAra hI padArtha kA jJAna karAne meM kAraNa hotA hai| ataH jJAtA kA vyApAra hI pramANa hai| mImAMsakoM ke pratyakSa lakSaNa kI samIkSA mImAMsakoM kI isa mAnyatA kA khaNDana vaidika, bauddha tathA jaina sabhI tArkikoM ne kiyA hai| vaidika paramparA meM udyotakara ne nyAyavArtika+4 meM, vAcaspati ne tAtparyaTIkA45A meM tathA jayantabhaTTa ne nyAyamaMjarI458 meM vistAra se khaNDana kiyA hai| bauddha dArzanikoM meM sarvaprathama diDnAga ne apane pramANa samuccaya meM isakA khaNDana kiyA hai / zAntarakSita Adi ne isI paddhati kA anusaraNa kiyA hai| jaina paramparA meM prabhAcandra47-48 abhayadeva hemacandra tathA devasUri ne jJAtRvyApAra kA vistAra se khaNDana kiyA hai| jisakA niSkarSa isa prakAra hai 1. jJAtRvyApAra kisI bhI pramANa se siddha nahIM hotA, isalie vaha pramANa nahIM hai| 2. pratyakSa pramANa se jJAtRvyApAra siddha nahIM hotaa| kyoMki na to jJAtRvyApAra kA saMbaMdha hai aura na mImAMsaka svasaMvedana ko mAnate haiN| 3. anumAna pramANa se bhI jJAtRvyApAra siddha nahIM hotA, kyoMki usameM sAdhana se sAdhya kA jJAna rUpa anumAna nahIM bntaa| 4. arthApatti se bhI jJAtRvyApAra siddha nahIM hotA, kyoMki arthApatti ke utthApaka artha kA sAdhya ke sAtha saMbaMdha nahIM bntaa| arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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5. pramANoM se siddha na hone para bhI jJAtRvyApAra kA astitva mAnanA upayukta nahIM hai| bauddha sammata pratyakSa-lakSaNa pratyakSa-lakSaNa kI do dhArAeM bauddha nyAyazAstra meM pratyakSa-lakSaNa kI do paramparAeM dekhI jAtI haiM- pahalI abhrAnta pada rahita aura dUsarI abhrAnta pada sahita / pahalI paramparA ke puraskartA diDnAga haiM tathA dUsarI ke dhrmkiirti| pramANasamuccaya aura nyAyapraveza meM pahalI paramparA ke anusAra lakSaNa aura vyAkhyA hai| nyAyabindu54 aura usakI dharmottarIya Adi vRtti meM dUsarI paramparA ke anusAra lakSaNa evaM vyAkhyAna hai| zAntarakSita ne tatvasaMgraha meM dUsarI paramparA kA hI samarthana kiyA hai| dharmakIrti kA lakSaNa isa prakAra hai - 'pratyakSam' kalpanApoDhamabhrAntaM / / nirvikalpaka pratyakSa abhrAnta pada ke grahaNa yA agrahaNa karane vAlI donoM paramparAoM meM pratyakSa ko nirvikalpaka mAnA gayA hai| bauddhoM kA kahanA hai ki pratyakSa meM zabda saMsRSTa artha kA grahaNa saMbhava nahIM hai, kyoMki pratyakSa kA viSaya svalakSaNa hai, aura vaha kSaNika hai| isalie pratyakSa jJAna nirvikalpaka hI hotA hai| kSaNabhaMgavAda - bauddhoM kI isa mAnyatA kI pRSThabhUmi meM unakA dArzanika siddhAMta kSaNabhaMgavAda hai / yat sat tat kSaNikam jo sat hai, vaha kSaNika hai- isa siddhAMta ke anusAra pratyakSa jisa svalakSaNa ko grahaNa karatA hai, usameM kalpanA utpanna ho, usake pUrva hI vaha naSTa ho jAtA hai| isalie vaha savikalpaka nahIM ho sktaa| indriyajJAna meM tadAkAratA kA abhAva bauddhoM kA kahanA hai ki artha meM zabdoM kA rahanA sambhava nahIM hai aura na artha aura zabda kA tAdAtmya saMbaMdha hI hai| isalie artha se utpanna hone vAle jJAna meM jJAna ko utpanna na karane vAle zabda ke AkAra kA saMsarga nahIM raha sktaa| kyoMki jo jisakA janaka nahIM hotA vaha usake AkAra ko dhAraNa nahIM kara sakatA / jaise rasa se utpanna hone vAlA rasajJAna apane janaka rUpa Adi ke AkAra ko dhAraNa nahIM karatA / indriyajJAna kevala nIla Adi artha se utpanna hotA hai, zabda se utpanna nahIM hotaa| isalie vaha zabda ke AkAra ko dhAraNa nahIM kara sktaa| isa prakAra zabda ke AkAra ko dhAraNa na karane ke kAraNa vaha zabdagrAhI nahIM ho sktaa| jo jJAna jisake AkAra nahIM hotA vaha usakA grAhaka nahIM ho sktaa| ataeva nirvikalpa jJAna hI pramANa hai| nirvikalpaka jJAna aura loka-vyavahAra - nirvikalpaka jJAna meM savikalpaka jJAna ko utpanna karane kI zakti hai / ataH vaha usake dvArA samasta vyavahAroM meM kAraNa hotA hai| nirvikalpa pratyakSa ke viSaya ko lekara hI bAda ke vikalpa utpanna hote haiM / isalie nirvikalpa pratyakSa hI pramANa hai| bauddhoM ke pratyakSa lakSaNa kI samIkSA - bauddhoM kI isa mAnyatA kA bauddhottara tarka graMthoM meM vistAra se khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| bhAmaha ne kAvyAlaMkAra aura udyotakara ne nyAyavArtika meM diDnAga ke pratyakSa lakSaNa kA tathA vAcaspati mizra kI tAtparyaTIkA, jayanta bhaTTa kI nyAyamaMjarI2, zrIdhara kI nyAyakandalI aura zAlikanAtha kI prakaraNa-parIkSA 4 meM dharmakIrti ke pratyakSa lakSaNa kI samIkSA kI gayI hai| 14 arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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jaina dArzanikoM ne diDanAga tathA dharmakIrti donoM ke lakSaNoM kI samIkSA kI hai| vidyAnanda ne tattvArthazlokavArtika meM prabhAcandra ne nyAyakumudacandra tathA prameyakamalamArtaNDa 7 meM, evaM hemacandra ne pramANamImAMsA meM nirvikalpaka pratyakSa kA vistAra se khaNDana kiyA hai| nirvikalpaka jJAna anizcayAtmaka hone se aprAmaNa nirvikalpaka jJAna anizcayAtmaka hotA hai / anizcayAtmaka jJAna ko pramANa nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| kyoMki pramANa vahIM kahalAtA hai jo nizcayAtmaka ho / loka vyavahAra meM sAdhaka na hone se apramANa I nirvikalpaka jJAna anizcayAtmaka hone se vyavahAra meM anupayogI hai jisa prakAra mArga meM calate hue tRNasparza Adi kA anadhyavasAya rUpa jJAna anizcayAtmaka hone se loka vyavahAra meM upayogI nahIM hai, usI prakAra nirvikalpaka jJAna bhI anupayogI hai| ataeva vaha pramANa nahIM ho sakatA / jaina sammata pratyakSa pramANa - do paramparAeM - jaina paramaparA meM pratyakSa ke lakSaNa kI do paramparAeM upalabdha hotI haiN| pahalI paramparA mukhya rUpa se Agamika mAnyatAoM ke AdhAra para calI hai| dUsarI paramparA meM Agamika mAnyatA tathA nyAyazAstra kI mAnyatA ke samAyojana kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| isa samagra carcA kA saMkSipta vivecana isa prakAra hai jaina Agamika paramparA meM pratyakSa lakSaNa aura usake bheda - jaina paramparA meM pramANa kI carcA jJAna carcA se prArambha hotI hai| Agamika siddhAMtoM ko saMskRta sUtra rUpa meM prastuta karane vAle AcArya umAsvAmI ne jJAna ke pAMca bheda batAkara prathama do ko parokSa tathA anya tIna ko pratyakSa kahA hai 'matizrutAvadhimanaHparyayakevalAni jJAnam / Adye parokSam / pratyakSamanyat / 99 avadhijJAna Adi tInoM jJAnoM kI paribhASAeM isa prakAra haiM avadhijJAna bhAva kI maryAdA lie hue jo jJAna indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA ke binA dravya, kSetra, kAla, rUpI padArthoM ko jAnatA hai vaha avadhijJAna hai| isake mUla meM do bheda haiM 1. bhavapratyaya tathA 2. kSayopazamanimittaka / kSayopazamanimittaka ke vardhamAna hIyamAna Adi chaha bheda haiN| - -- manaH paryayajJAna jo jJAna indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA ke binA dUsare ke mana meM sthita padArtha ko jAna letA hai, vaha manaH paryayajJAna hai / avadhijJAna kI apekSA yaha jJAna adhika vizuddha hai, kintu yaha kevala manuSyoM ke hI ho sakatA hai, jabaki avadhijJAna deva, nArakI Adi ko bhI ho sakatA hai| avadhijJAna mithyA bhI hotA, kintu manaH paryayajJAna mithyA nahIM hotaa| kevalajJAna jo jJAna indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA ke binA trikAlavartI rUpI arUpI sabhI padArthoM kI sabhI paryAyoM ko yugapata jAne, vaha kevalajJAna hai| arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 15

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uparyukta tInoM jJAna AtmasApekSa jJAna haiN| inameM indriya aura mana kI apekSA nahIM hai / AtmA kI vizuddhi ke anusAra ina jJAnoM kI pravRtti sUkSma se sUkSmatara padArthoM kI ora hotI hai| kevalajJAnI yA sarvajJa kevalajJAna sampanna AtmA ko jainadarzana meM sarvajJa kahA hai| jaina zAstroM meM sarvajJavAda kA vistRta vivecana prApta hotA hai| Age saMkSepa meM isa para vicAra kreNge| indriya sApekSa jJAna pratyakSa nahIM hai - Atma sApekSa jJAna ko pratyakSa mAnakara jaina dArzanikoM ne indriya sApekSa jJAna kI pratyakSatA ko asvIkAra kiyA hai| isa viSaya meM mukhya tarka ye haiM : 1. indriyAM jar3a haiM jabaki jJAna cetana hai / jar3a se cetana jJAna utpanna nahIM ho sktaa| 2. indriyAM AtmA se bhinna haiM isalie 'para' haiN| para sApekSajJAna parokSa hI hogA, pratyakSa nahIM ho sktaa| 3. indriya sApekSa jJAna ko pratyakSa mAnane para sarvajJa hI siddhi nahIM ho sktii| kyoMki indriya sApekSajJAna sImita tathA krama se pravRtti karane vAlA hotA hai| 4. isalie para se utpanna hone vAlA jJAna parokSa tathA jo kevala AtmA se jAnA jAe vaha pratyakSa 'jaM parado viNNANaM taM tu parokkhatti bhnnidmtthesu| jaM kevaleNa NAdaM havadihu jIveNa paJcakkhaM ||10 jaina dArzanika paramparA meM pratyakSa kA lakSaNa aura bheda - dArzanika paramparA ke jaina graMthoM meM pratyakSa ke lakSaNa isa prakAra milate haiM : 1. siddhesana 'aparokSatayArthasya grAhakaM jJAnamIdRzAm / pratyakSamitarajjJeyaM parokSaM grahaNekSayA / / 71 2. akalaMka 'pratyakSalakSaNaM prAhuH spaSTaM sAkAramaMjasA / ' 72 3. mANikyAnandi - 'vizadaM pratyakSam / '73 4. hemacandra 'vizadaH pratayakSam / '74 isa prakAra dArzanika paramparA meM vizadajJAna ko pratyakSa mAnA gyaa| vizada kA artha akalaMka ne isa prakAra diyA hai - 'anumAnAdyatirekeNa vishessprtibhaasnm| tadvaizacaM mataM buddhairavezadyamataH param / / isI ko mANikyanandi ne isa prakAra kahA hai : 'pratItyantarAvyavadhAnena vizeSavattayA vA pratibhAsanaM vaishdym| hemacandra ne likhA hai - 'pramANAntarAnpekSedantayA pratimAso va vaishdym|| pratyakSa kI yaha paribhASA dArzanika yuga ke ghAta-pratighAta kA pariNAma pratIta hotI hai, kyoMki jaina aura bauddha ko chor3akara sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM ne indriya jJAna ko pratyakSa mAnA hai, jabaki jainoM ne use parokSa maanaa| isa mAnyatA ke nirantara virodha kA pariNAma hI yaha pratIta hotA hai ki akalaMka ne pratyakSa kI paribhASA vizadajJAna sthira kii| arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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pratyakSa ke bheda jaina dArzanika paramparA meM pratyakSa ke mukhya do bheda kie gae hai : 1. sAMvyavahArika yA laukika pratyakSa / 2. mukhya yA pAramArthika pratyakSa / pAramArthika pratyakSa do prakAra kA hai : (1) vikala pratyakSa tathA (2) sakala pratyakSa matijJAna sAMvyavahArika yA laukika pratyakSa hai| avadhijJAna tathA manaH paryayajJAna vikala pratyakSa haiM evaM kevalajJAna sakala pratyakSa hai / isa prakAra dArzanika paramparA meM pratyakSa ke bhedoM kA digdarzana nimna prakAra hogA : pratyakSa sAMvyavahArika yA laukika (matijJAna) vikala pratyakSa yA deza pratyakSa ( avadhi tathA manaH paryaya) isa prakAra pratyakSa ke sAMvyavahArika yA laukika pratyakSa meM indriya jJAna ko sammilita karake dArzanika paramparA ne laukika paramparA kA samAyojana kiyA hai, dUsarI ora mukhya pratyakSa ke vikala aura sakala bhedoM ke aMtargata avadhi, manaH paryaya tathA kevalajJAna kI gaNanA karake Agamika paramparA kA nirvAha kiyA gayA hai| inakA vizeSa vivecana isa prakAra hai sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa mukhya yA pAramArthika pAMca indriyoM aura mana ke yathAyogya kAraNoM se sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa utpanna hotA hai| indriya , aura mana kI apekSA se isake do bheda kara sakate hai : 1. indriyasAMvyavahArika 2. anindriyasAMvyavahArika sakala- pratyakSa (kevala jJAna) indriyasAMvyavahArika pratyakSa indriya tathA mana donoM kI sahAyatA se utpanna hotA hai| anindriya pratyakSa kevala mana kI sahAyatA se utpanna hotA hai / - jJAna kA utpatti krama - sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa cAra bhAgoM meM vibhAjita hai avagraha, IhA, avAya, dhAraNA / yahI jJAna kA utpatti krama hai / sarvaprathama jJAna avagraha ke rUpa meM utpanna hotA hai| usake bAda usameM IhA dvArA vizeSa grahaNa hotA hai / tadanantara avAya ke dvArA vastu ke svarUpa kA nizcayAtmaka jJAna hotA hai jo bAda meM dhAraNA ke rUpa meM sthAyitva prApta karatA hai| isa taraha ina cAroM kI paribhASAeM nimna prakAra hoMgI - 1. avagraha - vastu ke sAtha indriya kA samparka hone ke bAda artha kA jo sAmAnya grahaNa rUpa arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 17

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jJAnahotA hai, vaha avagraha kahalAtA hai| jaise kisI manuSya ko dekhakara yaha manuSya hai, isa rUpa kA sAmAnya jJAna avagraha hai 'akSArthayoge drshnaanntrmrthgrhnnmvgrhH| 78 avagraha do prakAra kA hotA hai- (1) vyaMjanAvagraha tathA (2) arthaavgrh| aspaSTa grahaNa ko vyaMjanAvagraha kahate haiM tathA spaSTa grahaNa ko arthAvagraha / AcArya pUjyapAda ne sarvArthasiddhiA meM eka dRSTAnta dvArA donoM kA bheda spaSTa karate hue likhA hai -- jaise miTTI ke naye sakore para jala ke do-cAra chITe dene se vaha gIlA nahIM hotA, kintu bAra-bAra pAnI ke choTe dete rahane para vaha sakorA dhIre-dhIre gIlA ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra zrotra Adi indriyoM meM AyA huA zabda athavA graMtha Adi do-tIna kSaNa taka spaSTa nahIM hote, kintu bAra-bAra grahaNa karane para spaSTa ho jAte haiN| ataH spaSTa grahaNa se pahale vyaMjanAvagraha hotA hai, bAda meM arthaavgrh| kintu aisA koI niyama nahIM hai ki jaise avagraha jJAna darzanapUrvaka hI hotA hai, vaise arthAvagraha vyaMjanAvagraha pUrvaka hI ho / kyoMki arthAvagraha pAMcoM indriyoM tathA mana se hotA hai, jabaki vyaMjanAvagraha cakSu ora mana ke atirikta zeSa cAra indriyoM se hotA hai| vyaMjanAvagraha kevala cAra indriyoM se mAnane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki jaina darzana cakSu tathA mana ko aprApyakArI mAnate haiM / arthAt cakSu aura mana anya indriyoM kI taraha vastu se saMspRSTa hokara nahIM jAnate, pratyuta alaga rahakara hI jAnate haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki jainoM ne naiyAyikoM ke sannikarSa kA khaNDana kiyA hai| avagraha ke viSaya meM jaina AcAryoM ne vistAra se vicAra kiyA hai, jisameM pArasparika aMtara bhI upalabdha hotA hai| usake vistAra meM jAnA prakRta meM apekSita nahIM hai| avagraha se grahIta artha meM vizeSa jAnane kI AkAMkSA rUpa jJAna ko IhA kahate hai - 'avgRhiitvishessaakaaNkssnnmiihaa|'80 jaise cakSu ke dvArA zukla rUpa ko grahaNa karane ke bAda usameM yaha patAkA hai yA baguloM kI paMktihai athavA yadi kisI puruSa ko dekhA to yaha kisa deza kA hai, kisa umra kA hai Adi jAnane kI AkAMkSA IhA hai| IhA jJAna nizcayonmukhI hone se saMzaya jJAna nahIM hai| kyoMki saMzaya meM viruddha aneka koTiyoM kA grahaNa hotA hai| IhA meM yaha bAta nahIM hai| avagraha ke dvArA gRhIta artha IhA ke dvArA nizcayonmukhI hotA hai| avAya yA apAya avagraha dvArA sAmAnya rUpa se gRhIta tathA IhA dvArA vizeSa rUpa se jAnane ke lie Ihita artha ko nirNayAtmaka rUpa se jAnanA avAya hai| kahIM kahIM ise apAya bhI kahA gayA hai / hemacandra ne avAya kA lakSaNa isa prakAra diyA hai - 'iihitvishessnirnnyo'vaayH| 81 jaise IhA ke uparyukta udAharaNa meM paMkhoM ke phar3aphar3Ane Adi se yaha nizcayAtmaka jJAna honA ki yaha baguloM kI paMkti hI hai| arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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dhAraNA avAya dvArA nirNIta vastu ko kAlAntara meM na bhUlanA dhAraNA hai| hemacandra ne likhA hai 'smRtiheturddhaarnnaa|'02 jaise sAyaMkAla ke samaya subaha vAlI baguloM kI paMkti ko dekhakara yaha jJAna honA ki yaha vahI baguloM kI paMkti hai, jise maine subaha dekhA thaa| ye avagraha Adi jJAna isI krama se utpanna hote haiN| isa krama meM koI vyatikrama nahIM hotA / kyoMki adRSTa padArtha kA avagraha nahIM hotA, anavagRhIta meM saMdeha nahIM hotA, saMdeha ke hue binA IhA nahIM hotI / IhA ke binA avAya nahIM hotA aura avAya ke binA dhAraNA nahIM hotI / - -- avagraha, IhA tathA avAya kA kAla eka-eka antarmuhUrta hai, kintu dhAraNA kA kAla saMkhyA athavA asaMkhyAta aMtarmuhUrta hai| jJAna ke isa utpatti krama meM samaya kA dIrghatara vyApAra na hone se sabhI jJAna eka sAtha hote pratIta hote haiN| jaise kamala ke sau pattoM ko suI se eka sAtha chedane para aisA pratIta hotI hai ki sAre patte eka hI samaya meM chede gaye / kAla bheda sUkSma hone se vaha hamArI dRSTi meM nahIM AtA / pUrva-pUrva kA jJAna hone para uttarottara jJAna avazya ho aisA niyama nahIM, kintu uttara jJAna tabhI hogA jaba pUrva jJAna ho cukegaa| yahI inakA krama jJAna hI utpatti meM pAyA jAtA hai / avagraha Adi ke avAntara bheda - artha ke avagraha Adi cAroM jJAna pAMca indriyoM tathA mana kI sahAyatA se hote haiN| ataeva pratyeka ke chaha-chaha bheda hone se cAroM ke caubIsa bheda hote haiN| vyaMjanAvagraha kevala cAra hI indriyoM ke nimitta se hotA hai isalie usake cAra hI bheda haiN| isa prakAra saba milAkara aTThAisa bheda hote haiN| digambara paramparA meM inake bahu, bahuvidha, kSipra, anisRta, anukta, adhruva tathA inake viparIta eka, ekavidha, akSipra, nisRta, ukta tathA dhruva ye bAraha bheda mAnakara saba tIna sau chattIsa bheda mAne jAte haiM / pAramArthika pratyakSa jo jJAna indriya Adi kI sahAyatA ke binA kevala AtmA se hotA hai use mukhya yA pAramArthika pratyakSa kahate haiM / isake do bheda haiM- ( 1 ) vikala pratyakSa yA deza pratyakSa tathA (2) sakala pratyakSa / vikala pratyakSa ke do bheda haiM- (1) avadhijJAna, (2) manaH pryyjnyaan| ina sabakA sAmAnya svarUpa pahale batAyA hai / mukhya yA sakala pratyakSa jo jJAna indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA ke binA kevala AtmA se trikAlavartI samasta dravyoM kI sabhI paryAyoM ko eka sAtha jAnatA hai, use mukhya yA sakala pratyakSa kahate haiN| ise kevala jJAna bhI kahate haiN| jJAnAvaraNa karma ke samUla nAza se AtmA ke jJAna svarUpa kA prakaTa honA kevalajJAna hai / hemacandra ne likhA hai 'sarvathAravaraNavilaye cetanasya svarUpAvirbhAvo mukhyaM kevalam / 83 kevalajJAna yukta AtmA ko jaina dArzanikoM ne sarvajJa kahA hai| jaina zAstroM meM sarvajJatA kA vistRta vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| sarvajJatA kI saiddhAMtika pRSThabhUmi jaina darzana meM AtmA ko jJAna guNa yukta cetana dravya mAnA gayA hai| karmoM ke AvaraNa ke kAraNa arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 19

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usakA yaha jJAna guNa pUrNa rUpa se prakaTa nahIM hotaa| jaise-jaise karma kA AvaraNa haTatA jAtA hai, vaise vaise jJAna kA vikasita rUpa prakaTa hotA jAtA hai| isa prakAra jaba AvaraNa sarvathA haTa jAtA hai to nirAvaraNa kevalajJAna prakaTa hotA hai| ise kSAyika jJAna bhI kahate haiN| kevalajJAnI trikAlavartI sabhI rUpI-arUpI dravyoM kI samasta paryAyoM ko eka sAtha jAnatA hai / kundakunda ne likhA hai jaM takAliyamidaraM jANadi jugavaM samaMtado savvaM / atthaM vicittavisamaM taM NANaM khAiyaM bhaNiyaM // jo Na vijANadi jugavaM atthe tekAlike tihuvaNatthe / NAtuM tassa Na sakaM samajayaM davvamekaM vaa|| davvaM aNaMtapaJjayamekkamaNaMtANi dttvjaadaanni| Na vijANadi jadi jugavaM kadha so savvANi jANAdi | sarvajJasiddhi kA dArzanika AdhAra - sarvajJa kI uparyukta saiddhAMtika mAnyatA ko bAda ke dArzanikoM ne tArkika AdhAra dekara siddha kiyA hai| mukhya AdhAra anumAna pramANa hai / samantabhadra ne likhA hai "sUkSmAntaritadUrArthAH pratyakSAH ksycidythaa| anumeytvto'gnyaadiritisrvjnysNsthitiH|| 85 sUkSma padArtha paramANu Adi, antarita rAma, rAvaNa Adi, dUrArtha sumeru parvatAdi, agni Adi kI taraha anumeya hone se kisI ke pratyakSa avazya haiM / isa hetu se sarvajJa kI siddhi hotI hai| bhaTTa akalaMka ne sarvajJatA kA samarthana karate hue likhA hai ki AtmA meM samasta padArthoM ke jAnane kI pUrNa sAmarthya hai| saMsArI avasthA meM usake jJAna kA jJAnAvaraNa se AvRta hone ke kAraNa pUrNa prakAza nahIM ho pAtA, para jaba caitanya ke pratibandhaka karmoM kA pUrNa kSaya ho jAtA hai taba usa aprApyakArI jJAna ko samasta arthoM ke jAnane meM kyA bAdhA hai | yadi atIndriya padArthoM kA jJAna na ho sake to sUrya, candra Adi jyotirgrahoM kI grahaNa Adi bhaviSyakAlIna dazAoM kA upadeza kaise ho skegaa| jyotirjJAnopadeza avisaMvAdI aura yathArtha dekhA jAtA hai| ataH yaha mAnanA anivArya hai ki usakA yathArtha upadeza atIndriyArtha darzana ke binA nahIM ho sktaa| jaise satya svapna darzana indriya Adi kI sahAyatA ke binA hI bhAvI rAjyalAbha Adi kA yathArtha spaSTa jJAna karAtA hai tathA vizada hai, usI taraha sarvajJa kA jJAna bhI bhAvI padArthoM meM saMvAdaka aura spaSTa hotA hai| jaise IkSaNikAdi vidyA atIndriya padArthoM kA spaSTa bhAna karA detI hai, usI taraha atIndriya jJAna bhI spaSTa pratibhAsaka hotA hai (siddhivi. nyAyavi. aadi)| hemacandra ne likhA hai - 'prjnyaatishyvishraantyaadisiddhesttsiddhiH| 87 isa prakAra anumAna pramANa se sarvajJatA kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| sarvajJatA kI siddhi meM bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva - akalaMka ne sarvajJatA kI siddhi meM eka ora yaha hetu diyA hai ki sarvajJatA kI siddhi meM koI bhI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai / bAdhaka kA abhAva siddhi kA balavAna sAdhaka hai| jaise 'maiM sUkhI hU~' yahAM sukha kA sAdhaka pramANa yahI ho sakatA hai ki mere sukhI hone meM koI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai / cUMki sarvajJa arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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kI sattA meM koI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai, isalie usakI nirbAdha sattA siddha hai / akalaMka ne likhA 'asti sarvajJaH sunizcitAsaMbhavabAdhakapramANatvAt, sukhaadivt|' isI saraNI para bAda ke jaina dArzanikoM ne sarvajJasiddhi kA vistRta vivecana kiyA hai| isa prakAra jaina dArzanikoM ne pramANazAstra kI kasauTI para bhI Atmatattva kI carama pratiSThA kii| bhAratIya pramANazAstra ko jaina dArzanikoM kA yaha mahattvapUrNa yogadAna hai| pramANa zAstra ke itihAsa meM isakA samucita samAveza kiyA jAnA cAhie / 7. saMdarbha graMtha - 1. nyAyamASya, vAtsyAyana, caukhambA sIrIja, kAzI, 1.1.3 nyAyavArtika, udyotakara, caukhambA sIrIja, kAzI, 1.1.3 nyAyasUtra bhAmatI TIkA, udyotakara, cauravambA sIrija, kAzI, 1.1.4 nyAyabhASya pR. 255 nyAyamaJjarI, jayantabhaTTa, vijayAnagarama sIrija, kAzI. pa. 73.479 5. nyAyavArtika, vahI, pAda TippaNa 2, pR. 31 6.A nyAyamaJjarI, vahI, pAda TippaNa 4, pR. 72 6.B vahI pR. 74 nyAyakumudacandra, pramAcandra, sampAdaka paM. mahendrakumAra jaina, mANikacandra di. jaina granthamAlA, bambaI, prathama saMskaraNa, san 1947, pR. 25-32 prameyakamalamArtaNDa, prabhAcandra, sampAdaka paM. mahendra kumAra jaina, nirNayasAgara mudrANAlaya, bambaI, dvitIya saMskaraNa, san 1941, pR. 14-18 tattvArthavArtika, bhaTTa akalaGkadeva, sampAdaka paM. mahendrakumAra jaina, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, prathama saMskaraNa, san 1953, pR. 48 10. nyAyakumudacandra, vahI, pAda TippaNa 7, pR. 75-82 11. prameyakamalamArtaNDa, vahI, pAda TippaNa 8, pR. 220-229 12. sarvArthasiddhi, pUjyapAda, sampAdaka paM. phUlacandra zAstrI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, vArANasI, san 1944, pR. 57 13. tatvArthavArtika, vahI, pAda TippaNa 9, pR. 36 14. nyAyakumudacandra, vahI, pAda TippaNa 7, pR. 32 15. nyAyamaJjarI, vahI, pAda TippaNa 4, pR. 12 16. nyAyakumudacanda, vahI, pAda TippaNa 7, pR. 35-39 prameyakamalamArtaNDa, vahI, pAda TippaNa 8, pR. 7-13 18. nyAyavArtika tAtparya TIkA, vAcaspati mizra, cauravambA sIrija, vArANasI, pR. 155 19. sAMkhyakArikA, IzvarakRSNa, cauravambA sIrija, vArANasI, kArikA 5 20. sAMkhyasUtra, cauravambA sIrija, kAzI, 1.89 21,22. pramANamImAMsA, hemacandra sUri, sampAdaka paM. sukhalAla saMghavI, siMdhI jaina granthamAlA, ahamadAbAda, prathama saMskaraNa, san 1939 pR. 24 23. sAMkhyakArikA, vahI, pada TippaNa 19 arhat vacana, 24(1), 2012

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24. sAMkhyakArikA mATharavRtti, cauravambA sIrija, kAzI, pR. 47 25,26. yogadarzana vyAsabhASya, cauravambA sIrija, kAzI, pR. 27 27. sAMkhyapravacana bhASya, cauravambA sIrija, kAzI pR. 47 28. 29. pramANasamuccaya dinAna, maisUra yunivarsiTi sIrija, maisUra 1.27 nyAyavArtika, udyotakara, vahI, pAda TippaNa 2, pR. 43 nyAyavArtika, vahI, pAda TippaNa 4, pR. 107 30. 31. nyAyavinizcaya, bhaTTa akalaGka deva, sampAdaka, paM. mahendrakumAra jaina bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, saMskaraNa 1947, 1.165 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 45. B 46. tattvArthazlokavArtika, vidyAnanda nirNaya sAgara presa, bambaI, nyAyakumudacandra vahI, pAda TippaNa 7, pR. 40-41 prameyakamalamArtaNDa, vahI, pAda TippaNa 8, pR. 19 syAdvAdaratnAkara, devasUri, arhat prabhAkara kAryAlaya, pUnA, pR. 72 22 pramANa mImAMsA, vahI, pAda TippaNa 8, pR. 24 jaiminIyasUtrazAvara bhASya AnandAzrama sIrija, pUnA 1.1.4 mImAMsAzlokavArtika, kumArila, cauravambA sIrija, kAzI pratyakSa. zloka 1 vahI pratyakSa zloka 16 jaiminIsUtra zAbara bhASya, vahI, pAda TippaNa 39, 1.1.5 pR. 187 mImAMsAzlokavArtika, vahI, pAda TippaNa 38, pratyakSa zloka 1-39 vahI pR. 151 zAstradIpikA, nirNayasAgara presa, bambaI. pU. 202 nyAyavArtika, vahI, pAda TippaNI 2, pR. 43 nyAyavArtika tAtparya TIkA, vahI, pAda TippaNa 18, pR. 155 dekheM pAda TippaNa 4, pR. 100 pramANasamuccaya, diGnAga, jAyasavAsa iMsTITayUTa, paTanA, 1.37 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. nyAyabindu, vahI, pAda TippaNa 54, 1.4 58. 59. kAvyAlaGkAra, bhAmaha, cauravambA sIrija, kAzI 5.6 pR. 32 nyAyakumudacandra vahI, pAda TippaNa 7, pR. 42-45 prameyakamalamArttaNDa, vahI, pAda TippaNa 8, pR. 20-25 sanmatitarka TIkA, abhayadeva, gujarAta purAtattva mandira, ahamadAbAda pR. 534 praNANamImAMsA, vahIM, pAda TippaNa 21, pR. 23 syAdvAdaratnAkara, vahI, pAda TippaNa 35, pR. 381 pramANasamuccaya, vahI pAda TippaNa 28, 1.3 nyAya praveza, cauravambA sIrija, kAzI, pR. 7 nyAyabindu, dharmakIrti jAyasavAla sIrija, paTanA, 1.4 , nyAyabinduvRtti, dharmottara, jAyasavAla sIrija, paTanA tattvasaMgraha, zAntarakSita, oriyaNTala sIrija, bar3audA, kA. 1214 bauddhadarzana, somatilaka dvArA uddhRta, SaDdarzana samuccaya, bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI prathama arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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60. nyAyavArtika, vahI, pAda TippaNa 2, 1.1.14 pR. 41 61. nyAyavArtika tAtparyaTIkA, vAcaspati mizra, cauravambA sIrija, kAzI, pR. 154 62. nyAyamaJjarI, vahI, pAda TippaNa 4, pR. 52 63. nyAyakandalI, zrIdhara, cauravambA sIrija, kAzI, pR. 190 64. prakaraNapaJjikA, zAlikanAtha, cauravambA sIrija, kAzI, pR. 47 65. tattvArthazlokavArtika, vidyAnanda, nirNayasAgara presa, bambaI, pR. 185 66. nyAyakumudacandra, vahI, pAda TippaNa 7, pR. 47 67. prameyakamalamArtaNDa, vahI, pAda TippaNa 17, pR. 49 68. pramANamImAMsA, vahI, pAda TippaNa 8, pR. 23 69. tattvArthasUtra, umAsvAmI, sampAdaka paM. phUlacandra zAstrI zrI gaNezavarNI jaina granthamAlA, vArANasI, vIra nirvANa saMvat 2476, 1.9, 11, 12 70. pravacanasAra, kundakunda, sampAdaka A. ne upAdhye, rAjacandra jaina granthamAlA, AgAsa, dvitIya saMskaraNa, san 1964, gAthA 1.58 71. nyAyAvatAra, siddhasena, paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, bambaI, prathama saMskaraNa san 1950, zlo. 4 72. nyAyavinizcaya, akalaGkadeva, sampAdaka paM. mahendra kumAra jaina, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, prathama saMskaraNa, san 1949, zlo. 3 73. parIkSAmukha, mANikyanandi, sampAdaka paM. mohanalAla kAvyatIrtha, sarala jaina granthamAlA, jabalapura, san 1940,2.3 74. pramANamImAMsA, vahI, pAda TippaNa 8, 1.13 75. laghIyastraya, akalaGkadeva, sampAdaka paM. mahendrakumAra jaina siMdhI jaina granthamAlA, ahamadAbAda, prathama saMskaraNa, san 1939, zlo. 4. 76. parIkSAmukha, vahI, pAda TippaNa 73, 2.4 77. pramANamImAMsA, vahI, pAda TippaNa 8, 1.14 78. vahI 1.26 79. sarvArthasiddhi, pUjyapAda, sampAdaka paM. phUlacandra zAstrI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, vArANasI, prathama saMskaraNa, san 1965, 1.18 80. pramANamImAMsA, vahI, pAda TippaNa 8, 1.27 81. vahI 1.28 82. vahI 1.29 83. vahI 1.15 84. pravacanasAra, vahI, pAda TippaNa 70, 1.47-49 AptamImAMsA, samantabhadra, vIra sevA mandira TrasTa dillI, prathama saMskaraNa, san 1967, kA. 5 86. nyAyavinizcaya, vahI, pAda TippaNa 31, zloka 465 87. pramANamImAMsA, vahI, pAda TippaNa 8, 1.16 88. siddhivinizcaya, akalaGkadeva, sampAdaka paM. mahendrakumAra jaina, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, vArANasI, san 1959 85. AptamAmAtA, prApta:20.04.10 arhat vacana, 24(1), 2012

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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 24 lekhakoM hetu saMdeza arhat vacana meM jaina dharma / darzana ke vaijJAnika pakSa tathA jaina itihAsa evaM purAtattva se sambandhita maulika, zodhapUrNa evaM sarvekSaNAtmaka AlekhoM ko prakAzita kiyA jAtA hai| zodha kI guNAtmakatA evaM maulikatA ke saMrakSaNa hetu do prAdhyApakoM athavA pAramparika viSaya vizeSajJoM se parIkSita karA lene ke uparAnta hI Alekha arhat vacana meM prakAzita kiye jAte haiN| zodha AlekhoM ke atirikta saMkSipta TippaNiyoM, akAdamika saMgoSThiyoM / sammelanoM kI sUcanAe~/ AkhyAe~, Alekha evaM pustaka samIkSAe~ bhI prakAzita kI jAtI haiN| arhat vacana meM prakAzita kiye jAne vAle samasta lekha isa apekSA se prakAzita kiye jAte haiM ki ve na to pUrva prakAzita haiM evaM na anyatra prakAzanArtha preSita haiN| yadi pUrva preSita koI lekha anyatra prakAzita ho cukA hai to mAnanIya lekhakoM ko isakI sUcanA hameM tatkAla avazya bhejanI caahiye| lekhakagaNa yadi pustaka yA lekha se sandarbha grahaNa karate haiM to unheM sambaddha lekha / pustaka kA pUrNa sandarbha denA cAhiye / yathA lekha kA zIrSaka, prakAzita karane vAlI patrikA kA nAma, prakAzana sthala, varSa, aMka, pRSTha saMkhyA athavA pustaka kA nAma, lekhaka, prakAzaka, saMskaraNa, prakAzana varSa, AvazyakatAnusAra adhyAya, gAthA, pRSTha saMkhyA Adi / udAharaNArtha : samAna sandarbha kI punarAvRtti hone para bAda meM saMkSipta nAma prayoga meM lAyA jA sakatA haiN| lekhakagaNa apane Alekha kI do pratiyA~ TaMkita eka pRSThIya sArAMza sahita bhejane kA kaSTa kreN| prathama pRSTha para lekha kA zIrSaka, lekhaka/lekhakoM ke nAma evaM patrAcAra ke pUrNa pate hone cAhiye / andara ke pRSThoM para lekhaka/lekhakoM ke nAma na deN| kRpayA hindI ke Alekha ema.esa varDa meM devaliza phonTa maiM TAipa karake phonTa sahita sI. DI. meM bhI bhejeN| kRpayA lekha kI eka prati apane pAsa surakSita rakheM vApasa bhejanA saMbhava nahIM hai| lekha I-mela se bhI bheje jA sakate haiN| lekha ke sAtha lekha ke maulika evaM aprakAzita hone kA pramANa patra avazya saMlagna kareM evaM arhat vacana meM prakAzana ke nirNaya hone taka anyatra prakAzanArtha na bhejeN| DaoN. anupama jaina sampAdaka - arhatvacana 584, mahAtmA gAMdhI mArga, tukogaMja, indaura-452001 phona : 0731-2545421, 2797790 E-mail: anupamjain3@rediffmail.com arhat vacana meM samIkSArtha prApta pustakoM ko pustakAlaya meM rakhA jAtA hai| jina pustakoM kI 2 pratiyA~ prApta hotI hai unameM se cayana karake 01 prati samIkSaka ko bhejI jAtI hai| patrikA kI viSaya paridhi ke anurUpa hone para evaM samIkSaka se samIkSA prApta hone para samIkSA prakAzita kI jAtI hai| sabhI kI samIkSA prakAzita karanA saMbhava nahIM hai| arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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arhat vacana kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura varSa - 24, aMka - 1, janavarI-mArca - 2012, 25-30 jala para zodha kA prayojana aura sthiti / jIvarAja jaina* sArAMza jaina darzana meM jalakAyika jIva ko pA~ca sthAvara jIvoM meM se eka mAnA gayA hai| vijJAna ise mAtra H,0 ke rUpa meM eka rasAyana mAnatA rhaa| Adhunika vaijJAnika khojoM ne isameM jIvana kI puSTi kI hai| jalakAyika jIvoM evaM jala para Azrita trasa jIvoM ke ghAta ko rokane ke upAyoM, mAnava svAsthya evaM paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa hetu inakI upayogitA, pAramparika jaina vidhiyoM vizeSataH sacitta se acitta karane kI rItiyoM kI savistAra carcA prastuta Alekha meM hai| - sampAdaka a) jaina dharma kI vaijJAnikatA - hama sabhI garva se yaha kahate nahIM thakate ki hamArA dharma bahuta vaijJAnika hai| lekina baccoM ko lagatA hai ki hama jhUThA ghamaNDa kara rahe haiN| kyoMki skUla kA eka jaina chAtra yaha to jAnatA hai ki jainI loga pAnI aura agni ko jIva mAnate haiN| lekina vijJAna meM pAnI aura agni ko jIva mAnane kI koI bhI avadhAraNA nahIM hai| kaI sAdhuoM se yA kucha zrAvakoM se yaha kaI bAra sunane ko milatA rahatA hai ki jaina vijJAna ke anusAra pAnI kI eka bUMda meM asaMkhyAta apakAya ke jIva hote haiM tathA aba to vijJAna bhI mAnatA hai ki pAnI kI eka bUMda meM 36450 jIva hote hai| lekina yaha eka bahuta hI bhrAmaka aura galata udAharaNa hai| isase hameM Agama kI azAtanA hI lagatI hai| vAstava meM eka khojI briTAnI yuvaka kepTana skorsabI ne gaMgA jala ke eka namUne kA khurdabIna se nirIkSaNa kiyA thaa| usa pAnI ke namUne ke eka jala bUMda meM trasakAya va vanaspati kAya ke kula 36450 jIva dekhe gaye the| yahAM yaha bAta dhyAna meM rakheM ki 1. yaha saMkhyA alaga-alaga prakAra ke pAnI ke namUnoM meM alaga-alaga hogii| yahAM taka ki jIro-bI (philTara pAnI) meM yaha zUnya bhI ho sakatI hai| yaha tathya vijJAna aura Agama donoM ko mAnya 2. lekina jaina vijJAna to apakAya ke jIvoM kI saMkhyA kI bAta karatA hai / na ki usameM ghUma rahe trasakAya ke jIvoM kI bAta karatA hai| yAni aisA jIva, jisa kI pAnI hI kAyA hai| aura aise jIva kI vijJAna meM abhI taka koI bhI avadhAraNA nahIM hai| 3. yadi Aja ke zaktizAlI khurdabIna se nirIkSaNa kareMge to pAnI ke kisI namUne meM lAkhoM/ karor3oM jIva pAye jA sakate haiN| 4. vijJAna pAnI ko kevala eka sAdhAraNa rasAyana H,0 hI mAnatA hai| jIvana ke lie Avazyaka aura mUlabhUta koI bhI rasAyana (DNA aura RNA) usameM nahIM hotA hai| 36450 trasakAya ke jIvoM ke AdhAra para logoM ko yaha kahanA ki Aja-kala vijJAna bhI pAnI *40, kamAnI senTara, dvitIya tala, bistupura, jamazedapura 831001 jhArakhaMDa

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meM asaMkhyAta jIva mAnane lagA hai aura isIlie Agama ke apakAyA kI mAnyatA sahI hai, eka bhrAmaka aura azraddhA paidA karane vAlA tarka hai| hA~, itane trasakAya ke jIvoM ke AdhAra para yaha rAya de sakate haiM ki pAnI ko chAna kara piiyeN| 5. yahAM yaha prazna uThanA svAbhAvika hai ki yadi bujurga loga dharma ko vaijJAnika mAnate haiM, to phira vijJAna se aisA manavAne kA, kyoM nahIM koI prayAsa kiyA gayA? kyoM koI vyakti, samAja ke isa pramAda ko tor3ane meM saphala nahIM huA ? ataH jainI loga itanA hI kaha sakate haiM ki AgamAnusAra pAnI bhI eka sthAvara kAya kA jIva hotA hai| ba) vaijJAnika zodha ke prayAsa san 2003 meM yaha samajhane kA vaijJAnika prayAsa zuru huA ki pAnI kA aisA jIva kisa prakAra kA ho sakatA hai, jisakI pAnI hI kAyA ho| prazna thA ki garma karane se yA dhovana banAne se kaise aura kyoM nirjIva ho jAtA hai ? kucha samaya bAda yaha phira se jiMdA yA saMcita kaise ho jAtA hai ? satat prayAsa va prayogoM dvArA ina sabakI vaijJAnikatA DhUMr3hate-DhUMr3hate 7 sAla bAda yaha sthiti to A gaI hai ki aba jaina samAja, vijJAna ko usakI bhASA meM hI yaha batA sakatA hai ki apakAya kA jIva kisa prakAra kA hotA hai ? yAni usakI saMracanA kisa prakAra kI hai, kaise jIvita rahatA hai aadi| aba to yaMtroM ke mAdhyama se yaha batAnA bhI saMbhava ho gayA hai ki koI pAnI kA namUnA acitta hai yA sacitta hai / pAnI ke jIva kA jo pratirUpa taiyAra kiyA gayA tathA jo parikalpanA (hypothesis) rakhI gaI thI, usakA svataMtra rUpa se pramANIkaraNa karAne kA bhI prayAsa kiyA gyaa| isake lie eka anya vaijJAnika kI sahAyatA lekara, prayogoM kA punarAvartana karAyA gyaa| isa sAla (san 2010), unake dvArA bheje phoTogrAphsa bhI, uparokta siddhAMta ko abhipuSTa (validate) karate haiN| ataH Agama sammata jIvana kI eka nUtana avadhAraNA se vijJAna ko avagata karAyA jA sakatA hai| ho sakatA hai ki jaina siddhAMta kI yaha prarUpaNA, vijJAna ko, eka bar3I krAMtikArI dena siddha ho| sa) yaha prazna bhI kaI bAra uThAyA jAtA hai ki * jala koI ekendriya jIva hotA hai yA nahIM, yaha jAnakara kyA kareMge ? * isa jJAna se mAnava samAja ko kyA phAyadA hogA ? i) isakA uttara DhUMDhane ke pUrva dekhate haiM ki vanaspati jIva hai yA nahIM, yaha 100 varSa pUrva jAnakara kyA phAyadA huA ? 1. isase eka pUrA jaiva - vijJAna 'koSANu-AdhArita' vanaspati zAstra vikasita huA / 2. khetI kI paidAvAra meM phAyadA huaa| 3. AnuvAMzika parivartita (pArajInI) paidAvAra vikasita huii| ii) usI prakAra yadi jala koSANu kI vaijJAnika saMracanA mAlUma ho jAye, yAni 1. usakI saMracanA kaba aura kaise TUTatI hai aura kaise banatI hai ? 2. jIvita pAnI yA acitta pAnI ke upayoga meM lene se hamArI zArIrika racanA aura cayApacaya meM kyA pharka par3atA hai ? 3. isase hamAre zarIra athavA mana para kyA kyA prabhAva par3ate hai ? yaha saba mAlUma ho jAne para usako mAnava (manipulate) jA sakatA hai| 26 - samAja ke hita meM AvazyakatAnusAra sudhArA arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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4. hama vijJAna jagata ko eka naye prakAra ke jIvana ke siddhAMta ko de skeNge| usameM bahuta sI anya jAnakAriyAM ujAgara hogii| 5. mAnava ko apane mahatvapUrNa saMsAdhana ke prati najariyA badalane meM madada milegii| 6. vaijJAnika avadhAraNAoM meM bahuta mahatvapUrNa parivartana hogA tathA paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa meM viziSTa aujAra upalabdha hoNge| da) aba hama jAnane ko eka prayAsa karate haiM ki abhI taka kI vaijJAnika zodha se kaise siddha hotA hai ki jala bhI jIva hotA hai ? i) prAcIna kAla kI mAnyatAeM - hamAre RSi muniyoM ne khoja karake hajAroM varSa pUrva batAyA thA ki jala bhI eka prakAra kA vaisA hI jIva hai, jaisA ki vanaspati (per3a-paudhe) kA jIva hotA hai sara jagadIzacandra bosa ne karIba 100 varSa pUrva apane yaMtroM dvArA vijJAna jagata ko batAyA thA ki per3a-paudhoM meM saMvedanAe~ hotI hai tathA ve eka prakAra ke jIva hote haiN| taba se ina para bahuta tIvra gati se khoja hone lgii| sara bosa ne to pattharoM meM bhI jIva kI kalpanA kI thI, lekina una para koI prayoga karane ke pahale hI unakA dehAnta ho gayA thaa| ataH patA nahIM hai ki unhoMne kisa prakAra ke koSANuoM kI unameM kalpanA apane mana meM saMjoyI thii| ho sakatA hai ki vaha kisI bhautika ravoM kA avikasita koSANu rUpa rahA ho / ii) zAstrAnusAra jala ke guNa hamAre zAstroM meM jalajIva ke bAre meM bhI kAphI vistRta varNana aura cintana milatA hai| jaina graMthoM maiM to yahAM taka batAyA gayA hai ki pAnI ko ubAlane se yA usameM rAkha Adi gholane se vaha pAnI nirjIva (acitta) bana jAtA hai| phira yahI pAnI kucha ghaMToM bAda, alaga-alaga RtuoM meM alaga-alaga avadhi meM, jisako kAlamaryAdA kahate haiM, vApisa jIva (sacita) bana jAtA hai| yaha saba vijJAna ko eka Azcarya lagatA hai tathA yuvA logoM ko prerita karatA hai ki ve ina tathyoM ke rAja kI vaijJAnikatA ko ujAgara karane kA prayAsa kare / iii) pAnI para vaijJAnika zodha - 1. jala kI kAyA (zarIra) kA vaijJAnika DhAMcA isakI vaijJAnikatA ko samajhane ke lie pichale varSoM meM pAnI ke aNuoM kI banAvaTa kA gahana adhyayana kiyA gyaa| pAnI ke Aveza dhArI aNu, paMjabhujI aura SaTabhujI dviAyAmI DhAMcA banAne meM sakSama hai| isake alAvA pAnI meM ghulI huI citra jala jIva kI kAyA , havA bhI oNksIjana mUlaka (Ayana) ke rUpa meM pAI jAtI hai| ina mUlakoM kI maujUdagI meM, pAnI kA paMjabhujI aura SaTabhujI ravA jur3akara eka triAyAmI DhAMcA banAtA hai, jo kamare ke tApakrama para bhI sthAyI rahatA hai| yaha ikAI rUpa AkAra apanI kendrita UrjA se sahajAtika aNuoM ko AkarSita karake, 18-60 ikAiyoM kA eka jAlInumA belanAkAra (bakIbaoNla jaisA ) koSANu banAtA hai| inakI apanI jur3Ava kI zakti kAphI majabUta hotI hai| yaha pAipanumA AkAra karIba 0.1 myU (kAphI sUkSma) lambA hotA hai| yaha pAIpanumA neno TyUba ubAlane para TUTa jAtI hai| isa AkAra meM, isakI satahI UrjA alpattama hotI hai| (saMlagna citra ) 2. jIvita rahane kI prakriyA aura parikalpanA - yaha DhAMcA / koSANu apanI vidyuta UrjA se lagAtAra samAviSTa rahatA hai| phira sokhI huI havA arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 27

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(oNksIjana) ke Ayana/mUlaka jo isa TyUba meM praveza kara dUsarI tarapha se bAhara nikala jAte hai| inakA saMcalana/parivahana itanA AsAnI se hotA hai, jaise ki ve bhArahIna phoTona ke taraha ke kaNa ho| apanI gati ke dvArA ve eka alaga prakAra kA vidyuta-UrjA kSetra (holsa kSetra) paidA karate rahate haiN| koSANu kI UrjA, ina mUlakoM ko eka sakriya saMtulana meM rakhatI hai| apane meM saMcita UrjA ko mAMga hone para yaha koSANu use upalabdha karAne meM samartha hotA hai| hAla kI zodha se, phrAMsa va koriyA meM yaha patA lagA hai ki ina koSANuoM meM 'smRti' bhI hotI hai| kucha anya prayogoM se hamane yaha bhI pAyA hai ki ina kozikAoM ko prazikSita kiyA jA sakatA hai tathA bAda meM ye apanI smRti ko AvazyakatA hone para kAma meM le lete haiN| yaha niSkarSa homyopaithI ke lie eka bahuta mahattva kI khoja hai| 3. jala jIva hone kA pramANa : a) homyopaithI kI kriyAe~ aura prabhAva - isa paddhati meM davA kA mUla arka, apanI vibhinna prakampana guNa aura UrjA jala kozikAoM ke neTavarka para TrAnsaphara (aMtaraNa) karake bAhara nikala AtA hai| yahI jIvita koSANu manuSya ke zarIra meM jAkara, vahAM ke koSANuoM ke lie utpreraka kA kAma karatA hai| isa prakriyA se jInsa ke saMketa niyamAvalI aura nirdeza badale jA sakate hai| jIvita neno TyUba kI banAvaTa itanI majabUta hotI hai ki saMskArita hone ke bAda ye brAuniyana mozana se aprabhAvita rahatI hai / b) pAnI ko nirjIva banAne kI vidhiyAM aura kAla maryAdA - sAdhAraNa pIne kA pAnI yA to ubAlane se yA usameM rAkha jaise vijAtIya tattva gholane se vo acitta bana jAtA hai / ubAlane se pAnI kA zarIra TUTa kara bikhara jAtA hai tathA usameM ghulI huI havA bhI bAhara nikala jAtI hai| rAkha Adi ke gholane se pAnI ke zarIra ke chidra baMda ho jAte hai, jisase vaha zvAsana le pAne ke kAraNa nirjIva / acitta bana jAtA hai| pAnI jaba ThaMDA ho jAtA hai to usameM havA phira se ghula jAtI hai tathA usakA zarIra bhI vApisa jur3akara upayukta yoni bana jAtA hai / mausama ke anusAra ubAlA huA pAnI kucha ghaMToM bAda phira se sacitta bana sakatA hai / yAni nirjIva avasthA meM bane rahane kI eka nyUnatama samaya sImA hotI hai / yaha 'parikalpanA' bAda ke prayogoM dvArA siddha ho cukI hai| c) AbhAmaMDalIya phoTogrAphI meM sajIva/nirjIva avasthA kA pAnI: mumbaI aura ahamadAbAda ke kiye gaye hamAre parIkSaNoM meM yaha bhI dekhA gayA hai ki pAnI ko ubAlane se yA usameM rAkha pAuDara gholane se (dhovana pAnI) pAnI kA AbhAmaMDala badala jAtA hai| AbhAmaMDala ke phoTo khIMcane se (kirliyana phoTogrAphI) jIvita aura nirjIva pAnI meM spaSTa pharka najara AtA hai / Azcarya taba hotA hai, jaba 7-10 ghaMToM ke bAda, nirjIva (ubAlA pAnI) pAnI kA AbhAmaMDala, phira se sajIva pAnI kI taraha kA AbhAmaMDala bana jAtA hai / yAni jaina zAstroM meM dI gaI pAnI kI kAla maryAdA sahI siddha hotI hai| iv) nirjIva pAnI pIne ke phAyade : 1. 10 lITara pAnI meM 50 grAma gobara kI rAkha gholane se acchA acitta dhovana bana jAtA hai| 24 minaTa bAda nithAra aura chAnakara, use pIne ke kAma meM liyA jA sakatA hai| 2. rAkha se abhibhUta pAnI kI PH saMkhyA 7 se jyAdA (yAni kSArIya) hotI hai| isase zarIra meM jamA amlIya kacarA sApha karane meM madada milatI hai| 3. rAkha se upacArita pAnI jyAdA zuddha aura pIne lAyaka pAyA gyaa| arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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(jAmanagara meM gujarAta ke vATara saplAI aura sivareja borDa dvArA jArI TesTa riporTa, 24 apraila 2010) 4. baiMgalora ke skUloM meM kiye gaye parIkSaNoM meM bhI rAkha ghulA pAnI (koloiDa), pUrva ke pAnI se jyAdA sApha aura bekTIriyA vihIna pAyA gyaa| aisA pAnI pIne se zarIra meM mUlakoM kI mAtrA kama ho jAtI hai| yAni yaha DIoNksIDeMTa kI taraha kAma karatA hai| cUMki yaha kSArIya jala hotA hai, isalie aisiDiTI kI zikAyata (amlatA) kama ho jAtI hai| ataH nithAra aura chAnakara ghara meM aisA hI pAnI pIne kA iMtajAma karanA caahie| i) ahiMsaka jIvana zailI aura paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa : i) uparokta AbhAmaMDalIya phoTogrAphI se yaha pakkA siddha ho gayA hai ki pAnI sacitta/acitta rUpa meM eka jalakAyika jIva hai| Aja hama isa sthiti meM haiM ki yaMtroM dvArA yaha pahacAna sakate haiM ki koI pAnI sacitta avasthA meM haiM yA nirjIva avasthA meM hai| ataH vivekazIla manuSya kA yaha kartavya banatA hai ki usake sAtha sammAna kI dRSTi rkheN| hamAre ahiMsaka jIvana darzana 'parasparopagraho jIvAnAm' kA takAjA hai ki isake jIvana kI rakSA karane kA bhAva rakhakara, hama paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa meM apanA sahayoga kreN| jIva rakSA kA sIdhA-sAdhA matalaba hai ki hama apane dainika jIvana meM karuNA pUrvaka, pAnI kA durupayoga nahIM hone deN| hara samaya jAgarUka rahakara isake mitavyayI bane / apane viveka dvArA isakA apavyaya bilkula na hone deM / isake alpIkaraNa ke saMkalpoM para vizeSa jAgarUkatA abhiyAna calAyeM / ii) mitavyayatA: jaise ghI kA upayoga karate vakta yaha dhyAna rakhA jAtA hai ki eka bUMda bhI vyartha nIce nahIM gire yA phAlatU bahakara na calA jAya, vaisI hI mAnasikatA jala kI bUMda ke prati bhI samAja meM vikasita kI jAye / khAsakara skUlI baccoM va kRSi tathA udyoga meM lage vyaktiyoM ko isakA mahatva vizeSa prazikSaNa dvArA samajhAyA jaaye| iii) kucha sAdhAraNa guraH / 1. pAnI se dhote vakta (zarIra, bartana va vastuoM) bahate pAnI ke bajAya maga yA hAtha ke cullu kA upayoga kareM tathA pratyeka bAra pAnI kI mAtrA kama se kama leN| 2. bahatA pAnI (jaise siMcAI Adi) nala yA pAipa kA vyAsa (choTe cheda vAlA) kama se kama rakheM tathA nala ko bhI kama se kama kholeN| phavvAre yA Dripa vidhiyoM se khetI meM bahuta pAnI bacAyA jA sakatA hai| 3. jala saMrakSaNa meM punarUpayoga vyavasthA kA bahuta mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai| jyAdA se jyAdA logoM ko isakA upayoga karane ke lie protsAhita kiyA jAnA caahie| isase paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa meM sahAyatA to milegI hI sAtha hI sAtha meM nikaTa bhaviSya meM AnevAlI jala samasyA se bhI nijAta mila skegii| jala hai to jIvana hai| hameM gaMbhIratA se socanA hai ki apakAyika jIvoM ke prati hama samAja meM kisa prakAra karuNA kA bhAva paidA kara skeN| nahIM to hamArI udAsInatA yA lAparavAhI se kahIM Ane vAlI pIr3hI hI pAnI kI kamI ke kAraNa pRthvI se vilupta hone ke kagAra para na A jaaye| pha) sArAMza i) abhI taka kI jAnakArI yA parikalpanA ke anusAra - 1. jala jIva kI saMracanA eka jAlInumA sUkSma belanAkAra neno TyUba ke sadRza hai| arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 29

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2. isakA hAiDrojana jor3a / baMdha, sthira vaidyuta zakti se banatA hai tathA vaha tApakrama aura dabAva se prabhAvita hotA hai / 3. apanI jAlInumA saMracanA ke chidroM ke avaruddha hone se pAnI acitta bana jAtA hai| 4. ye jIva mukhyataH a) tApakrama b) dabAva c) parakAya koloiDa banAne vAle Thosa padArthoM se aura d) oNksIjana mUlakoM se prabhAvita hote haiN| ii) pAnI ko acitta banAne kI vidhi meM kyA kiyA jAtA hai ? a) mUlakoM ko va oNksIjana ko haTAnA b) pAnI ke zarIra / yoni kI saMracanA ko tor3anA c) zarIra ke chidroM ko baMda krnaa| iii) acitta pAnI ke pramukha prabhAva kyA hai : 1. acitta pAnI (mUlakoM kI anupasthiti) se bhAvanAoM kA nigraha hotA hai / yAni iMdriyoM ko vaza meM karane meM AsAnI hotI hai| 2. anya prabhAvoM kA jaise cayApacaya Adi kA bhI parIkSaNa aura zodha karanA AsAna ho sakegA (acitta aura sacita donoM pAnI ko ) / 3. pAnI ke jIvita rUpa meM hone kI isa vaijJAnika khoja se yaha jarUrI banatA hai ki hama ina jIvoM kI rakSA ke lie adhika sajaga bneN| ahiMsaka samAja apane upayoga meM pAnI kI mAtrA kA nizcita saMkalpa ke sAtha alpIkaraNa kare tathA kisI bhI prakAra ke durUpayoga ko haTAne kA prayAsa kareM / 4. jaina darzana ke anusAra isase hamArA paryAvaraNa to bacegA hI sAtha-sAtha meM hamAre karmoM kI bar3I nirjarA bhI hogii| yaha apanI AtmA ko, AtmA dvArA diyA jAne vAlA eka bar3A tohaphA hogaa| iv) Age kI zodha ke lie kucha viSaya : 1. oNksIjana mUlakoM kI UrjA, gati aura sakriyatA kA mApadaMDa 2. sacitta pAnI kA mAnava kozikAoM para prayoga aura mUlakoM kA prabhAva acitta pAnI kI upayogitA / 3. sacitta pAnI kI kozikAoM kI kSamatA para zodha tathA unake AbhAmaNDala para zodha / 4. jala AdhArita homyo davAoM kA adhyayana aura jala jIvana ke AdhAra para unake siddhAMtoM ko vyavasthita rUpa denA / 5. kAsmika UrjA kA yogadAna tathA homyo ke saMdarbha meM pAnI kI kArya paddhati para zodha / AbhAra zrutadhara paMDita ratna zrI prakAzamunijI dvArA yathocita jAnakArI va saMbaMdhita tathyoM kI prabhAvI vyAkhyA aura sarala zaMkA samAdhAna milatA rhaa| jisase viSaya para tulanAtmaka samajha vikasita hotI gii| kaI anya vidvAna AcArya va sAdhuoM se vicAra vimarza dvArA mArgadarzana milatA rhaa| jinameM mukhyataH AcArya zrI hIrAmunijI ma.sA. ke ziSya tattvajJa zrI pramodamunijI ma.sA., zrutadhara zrI prakAzamunijI ke ziSya AgamajJa zrI lakSmIcanda ma. sA. AcArya zrI mahAprajJajI va vaijJAnika saMta pU. mahendramunijI ma.sA., AcArya zrI kanakanadIjI ma.sA., AcArya zrI naMdIghoSa vijaya jI ma.sA. adhyAtmayogI zrI mahendrasAgarajI ma.sA. Adi kA pUrNa sahayoga va utsAhavardhana rhaa| isake alAvA DaoN. kulavaMta siMha, DaoN. harezyAma dvArA kaI upayogI jAnakAriyA~ prApta huI / prAptaH 29.03.11 30 arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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arhat vacana kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura varSa - 24, aMka - 1, janavarI - mArca - 2012, 31-38 rAjagRha durga kA jaina purAtatva : eka sarvekSaNa / umeza kumAra siMha* sArAMza rAjagRha (rAjagiri) kI paMca pahAr3iyoM kI prAkRtika sthiti ne ise durga kA rUpa de diyA hai| isa prAkRtika durga kI paMca pahAr3iyoM para sthita jaina purAtAtvika avazeSoM, jina pratimAoM kA vistRta sarvekSaNa prastuta Alekha meM aMkita hai| rAjagRha (nAlandA jilAntargata, bihAra) kI sthiti bhaugolika dRSTi se atyanta mahatvapUrNa thii| yaha sthala aneka pahAr3iyoM se ghirA hone ke kAraNa atyadhika surakSita thaa| jaina sAhitya meM rAjagRha kI pAMca pramukha pahAr3iyoM ke nAma vaibhAragiri, vipulagiri (vipula parvata), ratnagiri, udayagiri aura sonagiri milate haiN|' ina pahAr3iyoM ke ye nAma Aja bhI pracalita haiN| zilpa graMthoM meM 'durga' kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA gayA hai - 'duHkhena gacchatyatra' arthAta jahAM duHkhapUrvaka pahu~cA jAe athavA jahA~ pahu~cane meM kaThinAI ho, use 'durga' kahate haiN| isa prakAra sthiti evaM nirmANa kI dRSTi se rAjagiri durga zAstra sammata hai| jaina abhilekhoM meM vaibhAragiri ko vaibhAra yA vyavahAra kahakara saMbodhita kiyA gayA hai| yahAM digambara sAdhu rahate haiM aura lagAtAra kaThina tapasyA karate rahate haiN| ve sUrya ke udaya hone se lekara asta hone taka use dekhate hue usake sAtha ghUmate rahate haiM / yaha jaina graMtha meM varNita vaibhAragiri kA hI varNana pratIta hotA hai, jise hvenasAMga ne vipula nAma se prastuta kiyA hai| isameM koI Azcarya nahIM honA cAhie kyoMki mahAbhArata meM vaibhAragiri (vaihAra) ko 'vipula zaila' kahA gayA hai| yahA~ para eka prAcIna stUpa vartamAna meM bhI sthita hai| isake atirikta (saMbhavataH guptakAlIna) prAcIna jaina pratimAoM se yukta eka jaina maMdira bhI hai| jaina paramparA ke anusAra rAjagRha ko gherane vAlI sAta pahAr3iyAM thii| unakI sthiti isa prakAra batAI gaI hai| yadi koI vyakti uttara se rAjagRha meM praveza kare to dAhinI ora sthita pahAr3I vaibhAragiri hai, isakI bAMyI ora vipulagiri, isake samakoNa para vaibhAragiri ke samAnAntara dakSiNa kI ora nAle kI taraha vAlI pahAr3I ratnagiri hai| ratnagiri kA pUrvI prasAra caThAgiri aura caThAgiri ke bAda sthita pahAr3I zailagiri hai| caThAgiri ke sAmane udayagiri aura ratnagiri ke dakSiNa aura udayagiri ke pazcima meM sthita pahAr3I somagiri hai| jaina paramparA ke anusAra mahAvIra kA nivAsa sthala vipulagiri ke guNazIlaka (guNazIla) caitya meM thaa| unhoMne apane caudaha varSAvAsa rAjagRha meM vyatIta kiye the| digambara paramparA ke anusAra mahAvIra ne apanA prathama dharmopadeza vipulagiri para diyA thaa| ve aneka bAra isa pahAr3I para Aye aura apanA dharmopadeza diyaa| prAcInakAla meM rAjagRha (rAjagIra) yA girivraja magadha mahAjanapada kI rAjadhAnI thii| rAjagRha kA zAbdika artha hai 'rAjA kA nivaasgRh|' saMbhavataH yaha nAma isalie par3A kyoMki yahA~ rAjA aura usake * pravaktA, prAcIna itihAsa purAtatva evaM saMskRti vibhAga, udaya pratApa svAyattazAsI kaoNleja, vaaraannsii|

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parivAra ke loga rahate the| rAjagRha kA prAraMbhika itihAsa mahAbhArata ke sabhAparva meM milatA hai| usa samaya ise pahAr3iyoM se ghirA hone ke kAraNa 'girivraja' kahA jAtA thaa| - rAjagRha meM bahuta se prAcIna smAraka tathA purAvazeSa prApta hue haiN| inameM se kucha smAraka aitihAsika dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa haiM tathA kucha kA dhArmika evaM sAMskRtika mahatva hai| inameM se kucha aise bhI haiM, jinakA saMbaMdha jaina dharma se rahA hai| pAMca pahAr3iyoM se ghire isa prAkRtika durga meM kevala do praveza mArga hai - eka uttara meM tathA dUsarA dakSiNa meM / purAne nagara kI pASANa rakSA prAcIra rAjagRha ke prAcInatama avazeSoM meM se eka haiN| pAMcoM parvatoM ke Upara banI huI isa rakSA prAcIra zrRMkhalA kI paridhi prAyaH 40-48 ki.mI. hai| purAtatvavettAoM ne isa rakSA prAcIra kA nAma 'sAiklopIDiyana vAla' rakhA hai| isa rakSA prAcIra kA nirmANa 3 phITa se 5 phITa lambe pattharoM ko eka dUsare se phaMsA kara kiyA gayA thA aura bIca ke chedoM meM choTe-choTe pattharoM ko bharA gayA thaa| vartamAna meM ina pASANoM ke bar3e-bar3e Dhera milate haiN| anjar AARTIme reformwares TH FORTIFICATIONS OF RAJGIR. STRICT PAINA rAjagRha durga kA mAnacitra prAcIna rakSA prAcIra ke sarvAdhika avazeSa U~ce bANagaMgA darre ke pUrva evaM pazcima meM mile haiN| pAMcoM parvatoM para yaha prAcIra lagabhaga 11-12 phITa kI U~cAI taka uThI thii| yadyapi aba ina dIvAroM ke avazeSa 7-8 phITa se adhika U~ce nahIM haiN| purAtatvavettAoM kA anumAna hai ki isa dIvAra ke Upara eka aura dIvAra choTe pattharoM athavA lakar3I se banAyI gaI hogI, jo vartamAna meM naSTa ho cukI thii| rakSA prAcIra kI moTAI pratyeka pahAr3iyoM para alaga-alaga hai| sAmAnyataH isa rakSA prAcIra kI moTAI 17 phITa hai| isa rakSA prAcIra ko aura sudRr3ha karane ke lie aMdara aura bAhara se asamAna dUriyoM para 16 aTTAlikAoM (burja) kA nirmANa kiyA gayA thaa| inakI yojanA AyatAkAra hai aura nirmANa zailI prAcIra ke sadRza hai| yaha 47 se 60 phITa lambe aura 34 se 40 phITa taka caur3e haiM / 12 32 arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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rAjagRha durga kI rakSA prAcIra inake Upara bhI sambhavataH lakar3I kA eka aura burja rahA hogA jo aba naSTa ho cukA hai| Upara car3hane ke lie aMdara kI ora se DhaluA mArga bane the| rakSA prAcIra meM surakSA / sainika kakSoM kA bhI nirmANa kiyA gayA thaa| 13 rakSA prAcIra meM eka pravezadvAra (gopura) ke avazeSa uttarI dizA meM mile haiN| sAhityika sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para yaha anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki anya pravezadvAra bhI rahe hoMge lekina samprati pravezadvAroM ke avazeSa naSTa ho cuke haiN| pAMca pahAr3iyoM se AvRtta rAjagRha durga ke bhItara jAne para jo sarvaprathama smAraka dikhAI detA hai, vaha maniyAra maTha ke nAma se prasiddha hai| isakA nirmANa kaba huA aura isake nirmAtA kauna the, itihAsakAroM meM isa viSaya para matabheda haiN| kaniMghama ke anusAra yaha eka jaina smAraka thA aura jainiyoM ne isakA nirmANa karavAyA thaa| unhoMne isa mata ke pakSa meM do tarka diye haiN| (1) isa smAraka kA AkAra jaina maMdiroM se milatA julatA thA aura (2) yahAM utkhanana meM smAraka ke bhItara se jaina tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kI mUrti prApta huI haiN| kaniMghama ke anusAra maniyAra maTha mUlataH eka jaina maMdira thA jo eka 20 phITa U~ce TIle para sthita thaa| isakI khoja unhoMne sarvaprathama 1861-1862 I. meM kI thI aura TIle ke bhItara kisI stUpa ke hone kA anumAna kiyA thA / stUpa ke bhItara se sambhAvita asthi avazeSoM ko prApta karane ke uddezya se unhoMne parIkSaNa utkhanana karavAyA thaa| unheM yaha jJAta huA ki TIle ke bhItara 3 mI. vyAsa ke kueM ke AkAra kI dIvAra hai jisameM malabA bharA huA hai| TIle para bane maMdira ko naSTa kiye binA unheM aura utkhanana karavAne para gaharAI se kucha mUrtiyAM milI haiN| eka mUrti meM buddha kI mAtA mAyA devI ko leTe hue dikhAyA gayA thA aura mUrti ke UparI bhAga meM buddha ko aMkita kiyA gayA thaa| dUsarI mUrti meM nagna puruSa kI sthAnaka mUrti thI, jisake zIrSa para saptamukhI sarpa kA phaNa aMkita thaa| yaha saMbhavataH pArzvanAtha kI mUrti thii| tIsarI anya mUrti bahuta khaMDita avasthA meM milii| ataH usakI pahacAna sambhava nahIM ho skii|14 rAjagRha kI do pahAr3iyoM kA saMbaMdha bhagavAna mahAvIra se sthApita hone ke pratyakSa yA parokSa pramANa upalabdha haiN| prAcIna rAjagRha yA girivraja ke pazcimottara meM sthita vaibhAragiri kA saMbaMdha jaina paramparA meM mahAvIra se sthApita kiyA jAtA hai / vividha tIrthakalpa meM ise eka pavitra pahAr3I batalAyA gayA hai, jisameM garama aura zItala jala kuNDoM kA nirmANa thA / isa pahAr3I para kucha aMdherI guphAeM bhI thI arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 33

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/ jainoM ne isa para nirmita caityoM (maMdiroM) meM tIrthaMkaroM kI mUrtiyAM sthApita kI thii|15 vaibhAraparvata para eka dhvasta prAcIna maMdira kI gupta aura guptottara kAlIna kucha jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI mUrtiyAM prApta huI hai, jinameM RSabhanAtha, saMbhavanAtha, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra kI pratimAeM ullekhanIya haiM / ye mUrtiyAM isa pahAr3I ke prAcIna jaina saMbaMdhoM ko vyakta karatI haiN| vipula parvata kA ullekha karane vAlA prAcInatama jaina abhilekha kuSANa kAla kA prApta huA hai| isI parvata para 'guNazIla' caitya sthita thA, jahA~ mahAvIra ne apane ziSyoM ko upadeza diyA thaa|16 rAjagRha meM jaina dharma aura kalA kI paramparA gupta aura guptottara kAla taka banI rhiiN| yahA~ ke vaibhAra parvata para eka dhvasta maMdira ke avazeSa prApta hue haiM jisameM aneka jaina pratimAeM bhI upalabdha haiM / isa maMdira kA mukhya kakSa pUrvAbhimukha hai| maMdira kI dIvAroM para aneka rathikAeM banI haiN| ina rathikAoM meM mUrtiyAM sthApita thI, jinameM se aba adhikAMza mUrtiyAM lupta ho gaI haiM, paraMtu kucha mUrtiyAM abhI zeSa haiN| eka rathikA meM padmAsana meM baiThI huI dhyAna mudrA meM eka pratimA hai jisakI caukI ke donoM choroM para siMha pradarzita haiM tathA kendra meM dharmacakra banA hai| isa mUrti ke bAyIM ora kI rathikA meM RSabhanAtha ko baiThe hue dikhalAyA gayA hai| isakI pAda pITha para do vRSa aura eka cakra pradarzita hai| sAtha meM lagabhaga AThavIM zatAbdI I. kA eka abhilekha bhI hai jisameM AcArya basaMtanaMdI kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| eka dUsarI bhagna pratimA meM kevala padmAsana meM paira aura vRSa kA citraNa dikhAI par3atA hai| sAtha hI 'devadharmoM' lekha aMkita hai| kucha anya rathikAoM meM pArzvanAtha, mahAvIra aura saMbhavanAtha kI pratimAeM darzanIya haiN| eka pratimA kAle patthara se nirmita hai, jisa para gupta lipi meM 'mahArAjAdhirAja zrI candra' likhA huA hai| Ara.pI. caMdA ne ise candragupta dvitIya mAnA hai| yaha abhilekha yukta pratimA padmAsana meM sthita hai| usake Asana ke nIce madhya meM cakra banA hai| cakra ke bIca meM eka puruSa khar3A hai, jisakA bAyA~ hAtha abhayamudrA meM hai aura dAyA~ khaMDita hai| cakra ke donoM ora zaMkha haiM tathA donoM pAzryoM meM eka jina pratimA padmAsana meM baiThI haiM / Asana ke donoM, choroM para siMhoM kA aMkana darzanIya hai| mukhya pratimA kA sira khaMDita hai| nIce zeSa ke aMkana ke AdhAra para isakI pahacAna neminAtha se kI gaI hai / Ara.pI. caMdA ne cakra ke bhItara khar3I AkRti ko rAjakumAra ariSTanemi (neminAtha) hone kA anumAna kiyA hai kiMtu umAkAMta zAha ke anusAra yaha cakra puruSa hai| Ara.pI. caMdA ne isa abhilikhita pratimA ke AdhAra para uparokta jaina pratimAoM ko guptakAlIna hone kA anumAna kiyA hai| cakrapuruSa ke kuntalakeza tathA usake dvArA dhAraNa kI gaI ekAvalI Adi vizeSatAeM neminAtha pratimA ke niHsaMdeha guptakAlIna hone kA saMketa detI haiN| saMbhava hai kucha jaina pratimAeM bhI guptakAlIna ho| vaibhavagiri ke dakSiNa aMcala kI sona bhaMDAra guphA ke praveza dvAra ke aMdara jAne para lekha milatA hai jo isa prakAra hai nirvANalAbhAya tapasviyogye zubhe grahe arhatapratimA prtisstthe| AcAryaratnaM munivaradevaH vimukta ye akAraya dUrdhva tejH|| arthAt atyanta tejasvI AcArya pravara vairadaiva ne nirvANa prApti ke lie tapasviyoM ke yogya do guphAoM kA nirmANa kraayaa|18 uparokta zilAlekha se spaSTa hotA hai ki jainiyoM ke AcArya bhairavadeva yA vairadaiva ne sAdhanA karane ke lie ina do guphAoM kA nirmANa karavAyA thA aura inameM jaina arhatoM kI mUrtiyAM sthApita karAyI thii| isa zilAlekha kI lipi tIsarI-cauthI zatAbdI I. kI pratIta hotI hai| isa bar3I guphA meM kAle 34 arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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patthara kI eka mUrti milI hai jo aba caumukhI mUrti ke nAma se prasiddha hai kyoMki mUrti ke cAroM phalakoM para eka-eka tIrthaMkara kI nagna AkRti utkIrNa hai| pratyeka tIrthaMkara kI mUrti ke nIce kramazaH vRSabha, gaja, azva aura kapi pazuoM kI AkRtiyAM nirmita hai, jo yaha pramANita karatI hai ki ye cAra tIrthaMkara mUrtiyAM prathama cAra jaina tIrthakaroM RSabhadeva, ajitanAtha, sambhavanAtha aura abhinandana kI haiN| pratyeka tIrthaMkara kI mUrti ke nIce do pazu AkRtiyoM ke bIca meM dharmacakra banA hai| isa mUrti aura abhilekha se yaha pramANita hotA hai ki sonabhaMDAra guphA tIsarI cauthI zatAbdI I. meM jaina AcAryoM ke AvAsa hetu banavAI gayI hogI / vaibhAragiri mahAvIra mUrti dUsarI guphA pahalI guphA ke pUrva meM hai / yaha bhI prathama guphA ke samakAlIna rahI hogii| isakA pharza thor3A nIcA hai| yaha guphA sAr3he bAisa phuTa laMbI aura satraha phuTa caur3I hai| isa guphA kI chata pUrNarUpeNa naSTa ho cukI hai| sambhavataH isa guphA ke Upara jAne ke lie dAyI aura pahAr3I meM sIr3hiyAM kaTI huI hai|" isa guphA kI dIvAroM para bhI jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI mUrtiyAM banI hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki ina guphAoM ke sAmane barAmade bhI the| guphAoM kI dIvAra ke Upara eka ora se dUsarI ora taka chidra bane haiN| inameM saMbhavataH lakar3I kI dhaniyAM lagAI gaI hogii| isa prakAra sonabhaMDAra guphAeM kevala pahAr3a ko kATakara hI nahIM banAI gaI varana isameM dhanniyoM kA prayoga karake saMracanAtmaka nirmANa zailI kA prayoga bhI huA thaa| adhikAMza itihAsakAroM ne sonabhaMDAra guphAoM ko pUrva guptakAlIna aura jaina dharma se saMbaMdhita mAnate hai| paraMtu yahAM yaha ullekhanIya hai ki pazcimI guphA kA praveza dvAra barAbara kI pahAr3I para nirmita mauryakAlIna lomaza RSi ke samAna hai tathA isakI bhI dvAra zAkhAeM bhItara kI ora jhukAva lie hue DhAlU yA tirachI banAI gaI hai aura AdhAra kI apekSA praveza dvAra ke Upara kI caur3AI lagabhaga 15 seM.mI. se kama hai| dvAra zAkhA kI U~cAI lagabhaga 2 mI. hai| guphA kI chata 3.45 mI. U~cI hai| jisakA DholAkAra bhAga lagabhaga Der3ha mI. U~cA hai| DI. Ara. pATila ke anusAra isa guphA kI vAstugata vizeSatAeM barAbara kI guphA meM upalabdha hai, jo rAjagRha se lagabhaga 30 ki.mI. kI dUrI para sthita hai| isa prakAra lomaza RSi guphA se sonabhaNDAra guphA kI tulanA karane para ye donoM guphAeM samakAlIna pratIta hotI hai aura isa AdhAra para isa guphA kI tithi maurya kAla yA isase pUrva nirdhArita kI jA sakatI hai| arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 35

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vaibhAragiriH tIrthaMkara kI mUrti guptayuga se lekara bArahavIM zatI I. taka rAjagRha (vaibhAra pahAr3I aura sonabhaNDAra guphA) meM jaina mUrtiyoM kA nirmANa nirantara hotA rhaa| madhya yuga meM jaina dharma ko kisI bhI prakAra kA zAsakIya samarthana nahIM milA jisakA pramukha kAraNa pAloM kA prabala bauddha dharmAvalambI honA thaa| isI kAraNa isa kSetra meM rAjagRha ke atirikta koI dUsarA viziSTa evaM lambe itihAsa vAlA kalA kendra sthApita nahIM huaa| jinoM kI janmasthalI aura bhramaNa sthalI hone ke kAraNa rAjagRha pavitra mAnA gayA hai / pATaliputra (paTanA) ke samIpa rAjagRha kI sthiti bhI vyApAra kI dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa thii| guptakAla meM jaina mUrtiyoM kI prApti kA kSetra vistRta ho gyaa| kuSANakAlIna kalAvazeSa jahAM kevala mathurA evaM causA se mile haiM vahIM guptakAla kI jaina mUrtiyoM mathurA aura causA ke atirikta rAjagRha, vidizA, udayagiri, akoTA, kahauma aura vArANasI meM milI haiN| rAjagRha ke vaibhAra parvata se dhvasta maMdira kI dIvAroM meM lagI kula cAra jina mUrtiyAM prApta huI haiN| ina mUrtiyoM meM tIna tIrthaMkaroM kI khar3I mUrtiyAM balue patthara se nirmita haiM / bAlU para patthara se banI huI mUrtiyoM ke skanda bhArI haiM aura inakA mUrtana bhalI prakAra se nahIM kiyA gayA hai| kAle patthara se nirmitta mUrti padmAsana mudrA meM baiThI hai| Asana padmAsana mudrA meM neminAtha arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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ke nIce madhya meM cakra hai aura cakra ke bIca meM eka puruSa khar3A hai jisakA bAyAM hAtha abhayamudrA meM hai / dAyeM hAtha ke TUTa jAne ke kAraNa usakI sthiti spaSTa nahIM hai| cakra ke donoM ora zaMkha hai| isa cakra puruSa ke donoM ora eka-eka padmAsana mudrA meM baiThe jina pratimAeM haiN| Asana ke donoM choroM para khar3e sIToM kA aMkana hai| zaMkha ke aMkana ke AdhAra para isa pratimA kI pahacAna neminAtha yA ariSTanemi se kI gaI hai kyoMki zaMkha neminAtha kA lAMchana hai cakra ke bIca meM khar3I AkRti ko Ara.pI. caMdA ne rAjakumAra ariSTanemi yA neminAtha mAnA hai kintu umAkAMta zAha isakI pahacAna 'cakrapuruSa' se karate haiN| 21 yahA~ yaha ullekhanIya hai ki jina lAMchana zaMkha ke sAtha pradarzita ise prAcInatama mUrti kahA jA sakatA hai|22 isa pratimA para gupta lipi meM 'maharAjAdhirAja zrIcandra' likhA huA hai| yaha candragupta dvitIya pratIta hotA hai| isa AdhAra para isa pratimA kI tithi guptakAlIna nirdhArita kI gaI hai| abhilekha ke atirikta isa pratimA ke sAtha aMkita cakrapuruSa ke kuntala keza ekAvalI Adi cinha bhI isake guptakAlIna hone ke saMketa karate haiN| isa mUrti ke atirikta tIna anya mUrtiyoM meM jina kAyotsarga mudrA meM nirvasva khar3e haiN| inakI tithi bhI vidvAnoM ne guptakAla nirdhArita kI hai| rAjagRha ke maniyAra maTha ke utkhanana se aneka jaina mUrtiyAM prApta huI thii| inameM se kucha nAlandA ke saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita haiN| yahA~ Adhunika jaina maMdira ke eka kamare meM sAta khaMDita mUrtiyAM rakhI haiM, jo madhyakAlIna pratIta hotA hai ye mUrtiyAM RSabhanAtha, pArzvanAtha, mahAvIra evaM jaina yugaloM kI haiN| bhAra pahAr3I kI sonabhaMDAra guphAoM para bhI navIM dasavIM zatAbdI I. kI kucha jina mUrtiyAM milI thI jinameM eka caumukhI pratimA nAlaMdA saMgrahAlaya meM hai / I udayagiri pahAr3I ke Adhunika jaina maMdiroM meM lagabhaga navIM-dasavIM zatAbdI I. kI eka pArzvanAtha kI mUrti surakSita hai| sonamaNDAra kI pUrvI guphA kI jaina mUrtiyAM uparyukta vivaraNa se spaSTa hai ki rAjagRha ke smArakoM kA nirmANa chaThI-pA~cavI zatAbdI I.pU. ke pahale se hI prAraMbha ho cukA thaa| yahA~ para surakSA prAcIroM ke atirikta aneka AvAsIya bhavanoM, maMdiroM, guphAoM, kandarAoM, vihAroM, jalAzayoM aura vanoM kA nirmANa kiyA gyaa| inakA aitihAsika evaM dhArmika dRSTi se vizeSa mahatva hai| guptakAla ke pazcAt rAjagRha meM jaina dharma aura kalA se saMbaMdhita anya sAkSyoM kA abhAva hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki isake bAda eka bar3e aMtarAla ke bAda hI yahAM Adhunika kAla meM prAyaH sabhI pahAr3iyoM para jaina maMdiroM kA nirmANa kara unameM prAcIna evaM navIna mUrtiyAM sthApita kI gaI haiN| inameM se kucha ko samprati meM bhI dekhA jA sakatA hai| arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 37

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saMdarbha - 1. lA. bimala caraNa, 1984, Historical Geography of Ancient India, oriyaMTala, riiprinttniidillii| lA. bimala caraNa, 1938, Rajgrah in Ancient Literatures, memyAra oNpha di ArkiyolaoNjikala sarve oNpha iMDiyA, dillI, saMkhyA 58, pR. 17, 28-331 siMha umeza kumAra, 2009, prAcIna bhAratIya durga saMracanA, kalA prakAzana, vArANasI, pR. 1-21 kaniMghama, elekjeMDara, 1963. The Ancient Geography of India, vArANasI, iNDolaoNjikala buka hAUsa, pR. 530 1 vArTasa ona (?) Yuan Chwang Travels in India, laMdana, bhAga 2 pR. 159 160 1 bIla.esa. 1906, Buddhist Record of World, khaMDa 1, 2, keganapAla TreMca TUvanarsa kaMpanI, lNdn| mahAbhArata, sabhAparva, adhyAya 2 zloka 2 gItA presa, gorkhpur| lA. bI.sI. 1938, tatraiva, pR. 3 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. vividhatIrtha kalpa, pR. 22 1 8. kalpasUtra, anu. ke. sI. lalavAnI, 1979, dillI, pR. 69 9. jaina balabhadra 1975, bhArata meM digambara jaina tIrtha, dvitIya bhAga, bambaI, pR. 82-831 10. ghoSa, malAnanda, 1951, rAjagIra 1950 Ancient India, saMkhyA 7, pR. 36-38, bhAratIya purAtatva sarvekSaNa vibhAga, niidillii| kuraizI, muhammada hamIda 1956 (saMzodhita e. ghoSa) rAjagIra, mainejara oNpha pablikezaMsa, dillI pR. 8-16 1 11. ghoSa, e. 1951, tatraiva, pR. 10-221 cakravartI, dilIpa kumAra 1976, rAjagRha, World Archaeology, saMkhyA 7, pR. 261-2681 12. ghoSa, e. 1951, tatraiva, pR. 33 / 13. ghoSa, e. 1951, tatraiva, pR. 34-351 14. kaniMghama, e. 1963 tatraiva pU. 530 | 15. jaina balabhadra 1975, tatraiva, pR. 100 vividha tIrtha pR. 22 1 16. pATila, DI. Ara. 1963, The Antiquarians Remains in Bihar, paTanA: DAirekTreTa oNpha myUjiyamasa, pR. 450 4521 17. caMdA, rAma prasAda 1925-26, Jain Remains at Rajgiri, ArkiyolAjikala sarve oNpha iMDiyA enuala riporTa, dillI, pR. 121-1271 18. jaina balabhadra 1975, tatraiva, pR. 100 / 19. kaniMghama, e. (1862 1865), Archaeological Survey of India Report, khaMDa 1, vArANasI, pR. 35 I 20. pATila, DI. Ara. 1963, tatraiva, pR. 452-4521 21. caMdA, Ara.pI., 1925 1926, tatraiva, pR. 125-127 | 22. tivArI, mArUti nandana prasAda 1978, jaina pratimA vijJAna, vizvavidyAlaya prakAzana, vArANasI, pR. 501 ghoSa, e. (sampA.) 1974-75, Jaina Art & Architecture, tIna khaMDa, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillii| tivArI ema.ena.pI. (?) jaina tIrthakaroM kI dvitIrthI mUrtiyoM kA pratimA nirUpaNa, jaina siddhAMtabhAskara, ArA, khaMDa 30, aMka 1, pR. 33-401 prAptaH 25.07.11 38 arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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varSa - 24, aMka - 1, janavarI - mArca - 2012, 39-43 ____ arhat vacana tIrthaMkara neminAtha ke pArzva meM kRSNa evaM balarAma kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura kA pratimAzAstrIya svarUpa . Ananda kumAra gautama* sArAMza deza meM vikIrNa kRSNa evaM balarAma sahita neminAtha kI mUrtiyoM kA vivaraNa evaM vizleSaNa prastuta Alekha meM diyA gyaa| caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI dhAraNA hI jaina dharma kA mUla AdhAra hai| karma va vAsanA para vijaya prApta karane ke kAraNa inheM 'jina' kahA gayA hai jisakA artha vijetA hotA hai| tIrtha kA 'kartA' yA nirmAtA hone ke kAraNa inheM tIrthaMkara bhI kahA jAtA hai| 22veM tIrthaMkara neminAtha kA janma harivaMza ke kAzyapagotrI zikhAmaNi rAjA samudravijaya ke yahA~ huA thaa| inakI mAtA kA nAma zivadevI thA jinhoMne solaha zubha svapna va mukha meM praveza karatA uttama hAthI dekhane va garbha meM tIrthaMkara ke avatIrNa hone ke viSaya meM rAjA dvArA jAnane ke bAda zrAvaNa zuklA SaSThI ke dina citrA nakSatra meM tIna jJAna ke dhAraka jina bAlaka ko janma diyaa| uttarapurANa meM varNita hai ki janma ke pazcAt inako airAvata gaja para sumerU parvata para le jAyA gayA aura suvarNamaya eka hajAra ATha kalazoM se bhare hue kSIrasAgara ke jala se abhiSeka kara 'nemi' nAma se saMbodhita kiyA gyaa| zvetAmbara paramparA meM sandarbhita hai ki 'garbhakAla meM mahArAja sabhI prakAra ke ariSToM se bace rahe tathA mAtA ne ariSTa ratnanAma cakrannemi kA darzana kiyA isIlie inakA nAma 'ariSTanemi' pdd'aa| jaina paramparA meM neminAtha kA balarAma aura kRSNa ke cacere bhAI hone ke kAraNa vizeSa mahattva rahA hai| balarAma aura kRSNa 63 zalAkApuruSoM kI sUcI meM kramazaH 9veM balabhadra aura 9veM nArAyaNa ke rUpa meM nirUpita haiN| isI kAraNa jaina zilpakAroM ne jaina sAhityika paramparAnusAra tIrthaMkara neminAtha ke pArzvadeva ke rUpa meM sahAyaka mUrtiyoM ke aMtargata bA~yI tarapha kRSNa evaM dA~yI tarapha balarAma ko nirUpita karate hue unakA pratimAzAstrIya svarUpa nirdhArita kiyA hai| neminAtha kI mUrtiyAM pahalI zatI I. se hI banane lagI thI jisake sAkSya vibhinna saMgrahAlayoM meM saMgrahIta haiN| inameM mathurA saMgrahAlaya meM saMgrahIta eka mUrti meM inakA lAMchana zaMkha hai jo kRSNa se unake sambandha kA sUcaka hai / nemi ke yakSa-yakSI gomedha evaM ambikA haiN| zilpakalA meM yakSa ke rUpa meM kubera kA bhI aMkana huA hai| digambara sthaloM para kuSANakAla se hI neminAtha ke pAryoM meM haladhara balarAma aura zaMkha cakradhArI kRSNa kA rUpAyana huA hai| jisake paravartI udAharaNa adholikhita haiM / mathurA ke kaMkAlI TIlA se neminAtha kI eka prAcIna prastara pratimA prApta huI hai jo vartamAna samaya meM mathurA saMgrahAlaya meM saMgrahIta hai| (citra saMkhyA 1) isa pratimA meM neminAtha ke pArzva meM kRSNa va balarAma sahacara ke rUpa meM AmUrtita haiN| mathurA se lagabhaga cauthI zatI I. kI eka tIrthaMkara neminAtha kI pratimA prApta hai jo lakhanaU saMgrahAlaya meM saMgrahIta hai| inake pArzva meM caturbhuja balarAma va caturbhuja kRSNa kA aMkana hai| balarAma ke sira para pAMca sarpaphaNa bane haiM , sAtha hI inakI tIna bhujAoM meM mUsala, zodha chAtra-kalA evaM itihAsa vibhAga, kAzI hindU vi.vi. vArANasI, samparka : ena-10/72-I-12,nyU kAlonI, kakaramattA,DI.ela.DablyU. vArANasI-221004

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caSaka tathA hala aura eka bhujA sarpaphaNoM ke pAsa hai| kRSNa kI tIna avaziSTa bhujAoM meM gadA, zaMkha va phala hai| ' prArambhika kAla kI zilpa kalAkRtiyoM meM kuSANakAla kI mUrtizilpa kI vizeSatAeM hI guptakAla meM bhI dikhalAI par3atI haiN| guptakAla ke bAda pUrva madhyakAla meM jaina pratimAoM kA nirmANa adhika saMkhyA meM huaa| isa yuga vizeSa meM tIrthaMkaroM ke sAtha unake upAsaka, zAsana devatA, vRkSa, lAMchana tathA mUrtiyoM ko AbhUSaNoM se sajAne kI paramparA bhI cala par3I tathA tIrthakaroM ke apane yakSa evaM yakSI bhI nirdhArita ho gye|" citra saMkhyA 1 mathurA ke caurAsI TIlA se prApta dasavIM zatI I. kI neminAtha kI eka pratimA mathurA saMgrahAlaya meM saMgrahIta hai, neminAtha dhyAnamudrA meM baiThe haiM inake pArzva meM caturbhujI kRSNa va balarAma aMkita hai / balarAma eka bar3I sI vanamAlA pahane hue haiN| inake hAtha meM caSaka va Ayudha hai tathA kRSNa ke hAthoM meM gadA, zaMkha tathA eka hAtha varada mudrA meM evaM dUsarA hAtha jAnU para avasthita hai / baTezvara (AgarA) se prApta dasavIM zatI I. kI eka dhyAnastha neminAtha kI pratimA lakhanaU saMgrahAlaya meM saMgrahIta hai, yahA~ neminAtha ke pArzva meM cAmaradharoM ke samIpa meM dvibhujI balarAma va kRSNa aMkita haiM / balarAma ke dAyeM hAtha meM caSaka evaM bAyeM hAtha meM Ayudha spaSTa nahIM haiM, paraMtu kRSNa ke dAhine hAtha meM zaMkha va bAyAM hAtha jAnu para avasthita hai| kaTarA (rAjasthAna) se prApta dasavIM zatI I. kI eka neminAtha kI pratimA bharatapura saMgrahAlaya meM saMgrahIta hai| yahA~ inakA siMhAsana alaMkRta hai tathA lAMchana zaMkha banA hai isake pArzva bhAga meM balarAma va kRSNa AbhUSaNoM se suzobhita dikha rahe haiN| balarAma dvibhuja haiM unake bAyeM hAtha meM gadA kA TUTA huA hatthA hai, bAyAM hAtha khaNDita hai, kRSNa kA mukha bhI khaMDita hai tathA bAyAM paira ghuTane ke Upara se khaMDita hai | devagar3ha maMdira saMkhyA do meM dasavI zatI I. kI neminAtha kI eka pratimA surakSita hai| neminAtha kAyotsarga mudrA meM khar3e haiM inake paira ke pAsa do cAmaradhArI sevaka khar3e haiM sAtha hI dvibhuja yakSa aura bA~yI tarapha ambikA avasthita haiN| neminAtha ke dAhine hAtha se saTe balarAma kI mUrti pAMca sarpaphaNoM se Dha~kI hai| inake bA~yI tarapha kRSNa caturbhujI hai jo ghuTane taka vanamAlA pahane hue haiM sAtha hI mastaka para kirITa mukuTa suzobhita haiM inake avaziSTa tIna hAthoM meM cakra, zaMkha tathA gadA tathA eka hAtha jAnu para hai| neminAtha kI eka pratimA devagar3ha se prApta huI hai jo lakhanaU saMgrahAlaya meM saMgrahIta hai| yahA~ neminAtha kAyotsarga mudrA meM haiN| inake pArzva meM tIna tIrthaMkaroM kI mUrtiyAM haiM, inake kaMdhe ke donoM tarapha kRSNa balarAma aMkita haiM, dAhine tarapha balarAma ke sira para tIna sarpaphaNoM ke chatra haiM, balarAma 40 arhat vacana 24 (1), 2012 ,

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ghuTane taka laTakatI huI vanamAlA pahane hue haiM, bA~yI tarapha kRSNa bhI ghuTane taka vanamAlA pahane hue haiM, caturbhuja kRSNa ke hAthoM meM gadA, zaMkha evaM eka hAtha abhaya mudrA meM hai / 10 vimalavasahI kI devakulikA saMkhyA 10 ke vitAna meM bArahavIM zatI I. ke kucha dRzya prApta hue haiM / ina dRzyoM ke madhya meM kRSNa va unakI rAniyoM aura neminAtha ko jalakrIr3A karate dikhAyA gayA hai| jaina paramparA meM varNita hai ki samudra vijaya ke anurodha para kRSNa neminAtha ko vivAha ke lie sahamata karane ke uddezya se jalakrIr3A ke lie le gaye the| dUsare vRtAnta meM kRSNa kI AyudhazAlA kA dRzya hai jisameM kRSNa aura neminAtha ke zakti parIkSaNa ke dRzya haiM / kRSNa baiThe haiM aura neminAtha unake sammukha khar3e haiM yahA~ nemI kI donoM bhujAeM abhivAdana kI mudrA meM uThI haiM, Age ke dRzya meM neminAtha ko gadA ghumAte hue aura kRSNa ko neminAtha kI bhujA jhukAne kA asaphala prayAsa karate hue dikhAyA gayA hai / isI dRzya meM neminAtha kRSNa kI bhujA eka hAtha se jhukA rahe haiN| Age ke dRzya meM kRSNa kI bhujA jhukI huI hai tathA samIpa hI kRSNa ke pAMcajanya zaMkha ko neminAtha bajA rahe haiM tathA unake dhanuSa kI pratyaMcA car3hAte hue neminAtha kA aMkana hai| Age ke dRzya meM saMbhavataH balarAma va kRSNa ke madhya vArtAlApa kA aMkana hai| tIsare vRtta meM neminAtha ke vivAha kA zilpAMkana atyanta prabhAvotpAdaka DhaMga se kiyA gayA hai| vimalavasahIM kI devakulikA saMkhyA 29 ke vitAna para madhya meM zaktizAlI kAliyA nAga ko namaskAra mudrA meM dikhAyA gayA hai / nAga ke sira ke Upara kRSNa aMkita hai| kRSNa apanI bhujAoM se nAga ko dabAye hue haiN| nAga ke pAryoM meM tIna choTe-choTe aMkana haiM jo saMbhavataH nAga kI patniyAM haiN| sabhI nAgineM saMbhavataH kRSNa kI pUjA arcanA kara rahI haiM ki kRSNa kAliyA nAga ko chor3a de / vRtta ke donoM tarapha ubharI AkRtiyoM ko tIna bhAgoM meM bAMTA gayA hai, sabase nIce kI AkRti meM kRSNa ghumAvadAra zaiyyA para leTe haiM aura saMbhavataH, unakI patnI paira dabA rahI hai| yahA~ para ullekhanIya hai ki jaina kalAkAroM ne hindU paramparA meM pracalita gAthA ko apanI kalAkRtiyoM meM aMkita karane meM saMkoca nahIM kiyA / 11 lUNavasahI se lagabhaga terahavIM zatI I. kA aMkana jJAta hotA hai| dRzya saMkhyA 12 meM kRSNa ke janma ko dikhAyA gayA hai, madhya meM devakI cArapAI para leTI haiM, paricArikAeM pAsa meM khar3I haiM, devakI ke kakSa ke sabhI daravAjeM baMda haiN| kRSNa ke janma ke samaya kaidakhAne kA sipAhI caukasI ke sAtha khar3A hai| 12 / neminAtha ke jIvana ke lagabhaga 11vIM zatI I. ke dRzya kuMbhAriyA ke mahAvIra maMdira ke dakSiNI chora para bhI dekhe jA sakate haiM / pazcima kI tarapha nemi kI mAtA zivAdevI leTI haiM aura 14 svapna aMkita hai| uttara kI tarapha zivAdevI zizu ke sAtha leTI haiM, Age neminAtha ke janma para unake abhiSeka kA dRzya hai, pUrva kI tarapha nemi ko do striyAM snAna karA rahI haiN| isI ke Age kRSNa kI AyudhazAlA hai, jisameM kRSNa ke zaMkha, gadA, cakra aura khaDga jaise Ayudha pradarzita haiN| samIpa hI nemi kRSNa kA zaMkha bajA rahe hai / 3 khajurAhoM kI samasta jaina zilpa sAmagrI evaM sthApatyagata avazeSa digambara jaina sampradAya se sambandhita hai| yahA~ kI mUrtiyAM adhikAMzataH pIle raMga ke balue patthara para utkIrNa haiM, arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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kucha lAla va bhUre pattharoM kI bhI haiN| kRSNa ke jIvana se sambandhita pramukha jaina aMkana prasiddha pArzvanAtha maMdira kI bhittiyoM para dekhe jA sakate hai / pArzvanAtha maMdira meM aMkita eka zilpa kI pahacAna yamalArjuna uddhAra se kI gaI hai| zilpa meM kRSNa ko dvibhuja dikhAyA gayA hai jo donoM hAthoM se vRkSoM ko ukhAr3a rahe haiN| mUrti meM kRSNa kaustubhamaNi, kirITa mukuTa, kuNDala, hAra, yajJopavIta, nupUra aura kaTi ke nIce vastra pahane haiN| isI maMdira meM eka anya mUrti garbhagRha kI dakSiNI jaMghA ke pIche vAle praveza dvAra kI bAhya bhitti para banI hai| dvibhuja mUrti ke bAyeM hAtha meM zaMkha aura dAhinA hAtha abhayamudrA meM hai| mUrti kI pahacAna kRSNa se kI jA sakatI isake atirikta pilAnI, rAjasthAna se neminAtha kI eka tAmra pratimA 12vIM zatAbdI prApta huI hai| yahA~ inheM sthAnaka dikhAyA gayA hai|15 (citra saMkhyA 2) jaina zilpa ke avalokana ke pazcAt mana kI yaha citra saMkhyA 2 dhAraNA balavatI ho jAtI hai ki kRSNa balarAma caritra kA varNana kevala hindU sAhitya evaM zilpa taka hI nahIM sImita hai balki jaina dharma meM bhI apanA sthAna banAye hue haiM / tIrthaMkara ariSTanemi ke cacere bhAI aura pramukha upAsaka hone ke kAraNa kRSNa, balarAma ko mahApuruSa ke rUpa meM jaina paramparA svIkAra karatI hai| hindU dharma meM kRSNa evaM balarAma ko avatAra svarUpa mAnA gayA hai jabaki jaina dharma avatAra kI dhAraNA ko nahIM maantaa| jaina mAnyatA hai ki sAmAnya manuSya tyAga, saMyama aura tapasyA se zreSTha puruSa bana sakatA hai kisI kI kRpA se koI mahApuruSa nahIM bntaa| pratyeka jIva sarvocca pada prApta kara sakatA hai| jaina sAhityakAroM ne kRSNa, balarAma ke caritra ko unake balazAlI kAryoM evaM tIrthaMkara ariSTanemi ke upadeza se prabhAvita hone ke kAraNa apane sAhitya meM mahatva diyA hai|17 uparyukta tathyoM para vicAra karane ke bAda yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki ina dharmoM meM jo aMtara hai vaha dArzanika vicAradhArA ke kAraNa hai| zilpakalA ke sAkSyoM se yaha spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki prathama-dvitIya zatAbdI I. taka jaina mAnyatA meM kRSNa, balarAma kathA baddhamUla ho cukI thii| isI kAla meM neminAtha kI mUrti ke pArzva meM kRSNa evaM balarAma kA aMkana prArambha ho jAtA hai| neminAtha ke sAtha isa prakAra kA aMkana pUrva madhyakAla ke kucha aMkanoM meM bhI upalabdha hai| AbU ke lUNavasahI evaM vimalavasahI tathA kuMbhAriyA ke mandiroM meM neminAtha ke jIvana se saMbaMdhita kathA ke sAtha-sAtha kRSNa, balarAma kathA ko bhI utkIrNa kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra jaina paramparA meM kRSNa, balarAma kA sthAna bhagavAna ariSTanemi ke upAsaka rUpa meM vizeSa mAnya hai| arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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laM 40 - sandarbha graMtha uttarapurANa - 71.29.46 mArUtinandana prasAda tivArI - jaina pratimA vijJAna, pR. 117 kumudagiri - jaina mahApurANa (kalAparaka adhyayana), pR. 95-96 mArUtinandana prasAda tivArI, pU.ni., pR. 118 yU.pI.zAha - Jaina Iconography khaNDa 1, pR. 166 mArUtinandana prasAda tivArI - pU.ni., pR. 120 vahIM, pR. 119 8. amerikana iMsTITyUTa oNpha iMDiyana sTaDIja, gar3agAMva, citra saMgraha 157,17 ema.ena.pI. tivArI - An unpublished image of Neminath from Devgarh jaina jarnala, khaMDa 8, aM. 2, pR. 84-85 10. yU.pI. zAha - pU.ni. pR. 168 11. jayaMtavijaya munizrI, Holy Abu, pR. 67-69 12. vahIM, pR. 118 13. mArutinandana prasAda tivArI, pU.ni. pR. 121-122 14. rAmAzraya avasthI - khajurAhoM kI deva pratimAeM, pR. 188 15. bI.sI. bhaTTAcArya - The Jaina Iconography, citra saMkhyA 37 16. kumudagirI - pU. ni., pR. 46 17. mArutinandana prasAda tivArI - pU.ni., pR. 32 prApta : 03.07.10 jaina rASTragIta racayitA- upAdhyAya munizrI 1008 nijAnandasAgarajI mahArAja jina gaNa saba muni nAyaka jaya hai, zAsana jaina vidhaataa| AdinAtha mahAvIra tIrthaMkara, gautama zrI haiM gnndhr| zrI kunda kunda umaasvaamii| jinasena shaaNtisaagr| hama zubha nAma gaate| hama sukha AzISa paate| gAte hama taba gaathaa| jaga jana jIvana sadA sukhI ho, zAsana jaina vidhaataa| jaya he jaya he jaya he - jaya jaya jaya, jaya he - zAsana jaina vidhaataa| 28.8.1994 ko sRjita arhat vacana,24(1), 2012

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kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura kA prakalpa kundakunda jJAnapITha pustakAlaya AcArya kundakunda dvisahasrAbdi mahotsava varSa ke sandarbha meM 1987 meM sthApita kundakunda jJAnapITha ne eka mahatvapUrNa prakalpa ke rUpa meM bhAratIya vidyAoM, vizeSataH jaina vidyAoM ke adhyetAoM kI suvidhA hetu deza ke madhya meM avasthita indaura nagara meM eka sarvAMgapUrNa sandarbha granthAlaya kI sthApanA kA nizcaya kiyA / " hamArI yojanA hai ki Adhunika rIti se dAzamika paddhati dvArA vargIkRta kiye gaye isa pustakAlaya meM jaina vidyA ke kisI bhI kSetra meM kArya karane vAle adhyetAoM ko sabhI sambaddha grantha / zodha patra eka hI sthala para upalabdha ho jaayeN| isase jaina vidyAoM ke zodha meM ruci rakhane vAloM ko prathama caraNa meM hI hatotsAhita hone evaM punarAvRtti ko rokA jA sakegA / kevala itanA hI nahIM, hamArI yojanA durlabha pAMDulipiyoM kI khoja, mUla athavA usakI chAyA pratiyoM / mAikro philmoM ke saMkalana kI bhI hai| ina vicAroM ko mUrtarUpa dene hetu digambara jaina udAsIna Azrama, 584, mahAtmA gAMdhI mArga, indaura para kundakunda jJAnapITha pustakAlaya kI sthApanA kI gaI hai| gata varSa DaoN. ajitakumArasiMha kAsalIvAla ke prayAsoM se pustakAlaya bhavana kA vistAra evaM hajAroM durlabha pustakoM kA saMkalana jor3A gayA hai| 31.12.2011 taka pustakAlaya meM 32200 mahatvapUrNa granthoM evaM 760 pAMDulipiyoM kA saMkalana ho cukA hai| isake atirikta hamArI sahayogI saMsthA amara graMthAlaya meM 1010 pAMDulipiyA~ surakSita haiM aba upalabdha pustakoM kI samasta jAnakArI | kampyUTara para bhI upalabdha hai| phalata: kisI bhI pustaka ko kSaNa mAtra meM hI prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| | hamAre pustakAlaya meM lagabhaga 300 patra-patrikAe~ bhI niyamita rUpa se AtI haiM, jo anyatra durlabha haiN| Apase anurodha hai ki saMsthAoM se : 1. apanI saMsthA ke prakAzanoM kI 1 * 1 prati pustakAlaya ko preSita kreN| lekhakoM se 2. apanI kRtiyoM kI sUcI preSita kareM, jisase unako pustakAlaya meM upalabdha kiyA jA ske| 3. jaina vidyA ke kSetra meM hone vAlI navInatama zodhoM kI sUcanAe~ preSita kreN| digambara jaina udAsIna Azrama parisara meM hI amara granthAlaya ke antargata pustaka vikraya kendra kI sthApanA kI gaI hai| pustakAlaya meM prApta hone vAlI kRtiyoM kA prakAzakoM ke anurodha para bikrI kendra para bikrI kI jAne vAlI pustakoM kI namUnA prati ke rUpa meM bhI upayoga kiyA jA skegaa| AvazyakatAnusAra namUnA prati ke AdhAra para adhika pratiyoM ke ArDara bhI diye jAyeMge / jaina pAMDulipiyoM kI rASTrIya paMjI nirmANa pariyojanA tathA rASTrIya pAMDulipi mizana ke tahata ma.pra. ke jaina zAstra bhaMDAroM meM saMgRhIta pAMDulipiyoM kI jAnakArI bhI yahA~ upalabdha haiN| 44 DaoN. ajitakumArasiMha kAsalIvAla adhyakSa 31.12.2011 DaoN. anupama jaina mAnada saciva arhat vacana 24 (1), 2012 ,

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___arhat vacana kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura varSa - 24, aMka - 1, janavarI-mArca - 2012, 45-48 21vIM sadI meM digambara jaina AcArya paramparA - anupama jaina* sArAMza IsvI san 2011 ke varSAyoga meM sAdhanArata jJAta samasta di. jaina AcAryoM kI guruparamparA kA saMkalana kara digambaratva ke itihAsa ke saMrakSaNa kA eka laghu prayAsa isa Alekha meM kiyA gayA hai| saMbhava hai ki kucha nAma chUTa gaye ho inheM samAhita kara pUrNa sUcI taiyAra karane hetu yaha Alekha prastuta hai| itihAsa sAkSI hai ki bhagavAna RSabhadeva se mahAvIra paryanta 24 tIrthaMkaroM kI paramparA ke anuyAyI mahAna digambara jainAcAryoM kI pravRtti svayaM ko pratisthApita karane, saMgha yA paramparA ke pracAra-prasAra yA itihAsa ke sRjana meM kabhI nahIM rhii| pAramparika jJAna ke saMrakSaNa athavA sva- para kalyANa kI bhAvanA se anuprANita hokara Apane jina graMthoM kA sRjana kiyA unako AgamoM se niHsRta jJAna yA pUrvAcAryoM ke jJAna para AdhArita likhakara apanI laghutA pradarzita kii| ahaMkAra kA bhAva lezamAtra bhI na rhaa| aneka graMthoM meM to prazastiyA~ bhI nahIM likhI haiM | graMtha meM samakAlIna sAmAjika, Arthika evaM rAjanaitika jIvana kI jhalaka to mila jAtI hai kintu vyaktigata jIvana, janmatithi, janma sthAna, mAtA, pitA, parivAra, anya kRtiyoM, guru paramparA ke bAre meM jAnakArI zUnya rahatI hai| isase anekazaH kAla evaM kRtitva ke nirdhAraNa meM bahuta dikkata AtI hai| bIsavIM / ikkIsavIM sadI IsavI meM digambara jaina paramparA kA itihAsa likhane vAloM ko sahI tathya mila sake evaM isakA samIcIna itihAsa likhA jA sake isa dRSTi se maiMne san 2000 meM tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva jaina vidvat mahAsaMgha dvArA digambara jaina sAdhuoM kI varSAyoga sUcI kA prakAzana kiyA thaa| 2000 meM 818 sAdhu (mayUra picchIdhArI) sAdhanArata the| 2001, 2002, 2003 taka yaha krama vidvat mahAsaMgha ke mAdhyama se calA kintu isI ke madhya saMskAra sAgara patrikA ne isa kArya ko rucipUrvaka, tatparatA sahita karanA prArambha kiyA evaM mujhe lagA ki merI bhAvanA kI pUrti ho rahI hai to saMsAdhanoM ko bacAne kI dRSTi se yaha kArya roka diyaa| 2000 se pUrva ke bhI aneka dazakoM se jainamitra, jaina gajaTa, samyagjJAna, Aditya Adeza jaisI patrikAeM upalabdha varSAyoga sUcI prakAzita karatI rahI kintu ve pUrNa nahIM rahatI thii| unakA uddezya zrAvakoM ko jAnakArI denA rahatA thA evaM isa uddezya se patrikAyeM Aja bhI jAnakArI prakAzita karatI haiM kintu ve itihAsa nahIM bana sktii| saMskAra sAgara patrikA kA kArya prazaMsanIya hai| pUjya AcArya zrI vidyAsAgarajI mahArAja dvArA dIkSita muni/ AryikAoM / ailaka / kSullaka Adi kI jitanI vyavasthita jAnakArI isameM AtI hai, vaha Adarza hai kintu zeSa paramparAoM ke bAre meM saMkalana adhika vyavasthita nahIM hai| merI to bhAvanA hai ki vartamAna zatAbdI meM sAdhanArata sabhI di. jaina muni / AryikA saMghoM ke bAre meM itanI hI vyavasthita jAnakArI prakAzita * mAnada saciva, kundakunda jJAnapITha, 584, mahAtmA gA~dhI mArga, indaura-452001

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ho, tabhI digambaratva ke itihAsa kI rakSA ho skegii| pUjya muni zrI abhayasAgarajI mahArAja prativarSa samAdhistha / dIkSita sAdhuoM kI pUrNa sUcI banAkara prakAzita karAte hai / yaha itihAsa kI dRSTi se atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai / saMskAra sAgara kI isa varSa kI sUcI meM bhI zatAdhika sAdhuoM ke varSAyoga sthala hI patA nahIM cale ? sUcanA evaM saMcAra krAMti ke yuga meM hama apane guruoM kI varSAyoga meM bhI sthiti patA nahIM lagA pA rahe, isase jyAdA duHkhada kyA hogA ? vartamAna meM sAdhanArata aneka muniyoM kI guru paramparA hI patA nahIM cltii| kucha varSoM se mere mana meM yaha vicAra thA ki vartamAna meM sAdhanArata saMtoM kI guru paramparA ke bAre meM jAnakArI saMkalita kI jaaye| prathama caraNa meM vartamAna AcAryoM kI jAnakArI saMkalita karane kA varSa 2008 meM mahAvIra TrasTa dvArA prakAzita a.bhA.di. jaina mandira nirdezikA meM eka prayAsa kiyA thaa| aba punaH use parimArjita kara prastuta kara rahA hU~ saMbhava hai ki kucha truTi raha gaI ho| sudhI pAThaka pUjya gurujana evaM variSTha zrAvaka isa ora dhyAna avazya dilAve jisase isa aitihAsika jAnakArI ko nirdoSa banAkara surakSita kiyA jA sake / siddhAMtataH vartamAna ke sabhI di. muni bhagavAna mahAvIra, gautama gaNadhara evaM AcArya kundakunda kI paramparA ke haiM tathApi bIsavI sadI meM vizrRMkhalita muni paramparA ko punarvyavasthita karane evaM di. muniyoM ke dakSiNa se uttara taka nirbAdha vihAra ko sunizcita karane meM bIsavI sadI ke prArambha meM 3 AcAryoM kA vizeSa yogadAna hai / 1. cAritracakravartI AcArya zrI zAMtisAgara jI (dakSiNa) 2. munikuJjara AcArya zrI AdisAgarajI 'aMkalIkara' 3. AcArya zrI zAMtisAgarajI ( chANI) vartamAna meM sAdhanArata sabhI sAdhu inhIM 3 kI ziSya praziSya paramparAoM se sambaddha haiN| inako cArTa ke mAdhyama se AgAmI pRSThoM para aMkita kiyA gayA hai| yadi kisI vartamAna yA divaMgata AcArya kA nAma chUTa gayA ho to hameM avazya sUcita karane kA kaSTa kreN| vartamAna AcAryoM ke nAmoM ko bolDa akSaroM meM likhA hai / zeSa AcArya saMbhavataH samAdhistha ho cuke haiM yA unakI jAnakArI hameM nahIM ho sakI hai| truTi ke lie agrima kSamAyAcanA / katipaya AcArya apane ko mahAvIra kI paramparA kA batAkara bAta ko ghumA dete haiN| vastutaH unake dIkSA guru jisa paramparA ke hai hamane unheM usI paramparA kA mAnA hai| hamArA prayAsa hai ki isa sUcI ke mAdhyama se vartamAna ke sabhI AcAryoM kA vivaraNa saMkalita ho jAye evaM AgAmI 2012 ke varSAyoga meM sabhI AcAryoM se saghana samparka kara unakI paramparA ke sAdhanArata samasta muniyoM / AryikAoM / kSullaka / kSullikAoM kA vivaraNa saMkalita kiyA jaaye| philahAla bhaTTAraka svAmI jI mahArAjoM ko isa sUcI meM nahIM liyA hai di muni paramparA kA vyavasthita vivaraNa saMkalita karanA hamArA prAthamika naitika karttavya hai yadi hama isameM viphala rahe to itihAsa hameM kSamA nahIM kregaa| AzA hai ki sabhI kA sahayoga hameM prApta hogaa| AgAmI pRSThoM para AcArya paramparA kA vistRta vivaraNa diyA hai / 46 arhat vacana 24 (1) 2012 ,

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arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 47

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arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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varSa-24, aMka - 1, janavarI - mArca - 2012,49-56 arhat vacana kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura zramaNa sabhyatA ke sopAna - sUrajamala bobarA* sArAMza itihAsa koI bhramoM kA puliMdA nahIM hai, vaha mAnava ke kAryakalApoM kA abhilekha hai| manuSya ne kaba kyA kiyA? aura kyA socA ? hajAroM lAkhoM varSa pUrva yaha saba usane Aja ke vaijJAnikoM yA itihAsakAroM se pUcha kara nahIM kiyaa| vaha to basa huA hai| vaha samaya kI upaja thii| AvazyakatA kevala itanI hai hama parivartanoM ko pahacAneM aura unameM chipe saMdezoM ko pkdd'eN| purANoM ke saMdezoM ko asiddha kahakara TAla denA eka etihAsika bhUla hogii| jo kucha gujara cukA hai use koI nahIM badala sktaa| hama yaha to nahI kaha sakate ki IsA masIha nahIM hue the| hama yaha bhI nahIM kaha sakate ki AdinAtha nahIM hue the| yaha kahanA bhI kaThina hai ki buddha aura mahAvIra nahIM hue the| pramANa ke abhAva meM Apa nakAra deM ki RSabhadeva va rAma kA janma ayodhyA meM nahIM huA thA yaha bhI saMbhava nhiiN| kauna sA likhita ciTThA hai isa bAta kA ki kRSNa ne arjuna ke lie gItA kA sRjana kiyA thaa| pramANa bahuta kama vyaktiyoM yA ghaTanAoM ke milate haiN| jo bahuta pahale gujara cuke haiM to jo kucha hamAre dila aura dimAga meM hai, purANoM aura zAstroM meM hai vaha nahIM kaise ho jAyagA? vAstava meM jinakA astitva batAyA jAtA hai una ko nakArane ke pramANa diyA jAnA caahie| unake hone ko siddha karane ke lie pramANa nahIM caahie| yadi Apa use nakAra rahe haiM to pramANa diijie| udAharaNa ke lie 'janaka' ko lijie| janaka ke astvi kA kaunasA purAtvIya pramANa hamAre pAsa hai? para janaka thaa| rAma kathAnakoM se bharA samasta sAhitya vaha cAhe veda vyAsa likhita ho yA tulasIdAsa likhita ho yA raviSeNa(7 vIM zatAbdI ) likhita ho yA Adhunika sAhityakAroM dvArA sajAyA gayA ho, janaka-sItA-mithilA saba janaka ke astitva ko pala pala pratipAdita karate haiN| inake purAtatvIya pramANa mAMganA bauddhika pramAda mAnA jaaegaa| jo sUrya-cAMda-maMgala-pRthvI hame dikhAI de rahe haiM unake astitva kI tithi Aja taka koI vaijJAnika pramANita nahIM kara pAyA hai para sUrajacAMda aura tAre haiM, kyoMki hamArI AMkheM unhe dekha rahI hai, usI prakAra hamArI smRti kI AMkheM rAma ko dekha rahI haiM, kRSNa ko dekha rahI haiM, AdinAtha ko dekha rahI haiN| purANakAroM ne bAra bAra doharA kara unheM hamArI smRti meM jIvita rakhA hai to phira usakA pramANa DhUMDhanA apane Apa para avizvAsa karanA hai| koI purAtAtvika saMdarbha mila jAye to use sahejeM, samhAleM, usase koI nayA saMdarbha mile to usakA vaijJAnika parIkSaNa kreN| isa parIkSaNa meM bhI eka prazna sadaiva jAgarUka rakheM ki dharma saMbaMdhI pramANoM ko naSTa karane kI paraMparA rahI hai| prAcIna maMdiroM ko badala kara apanI mAnyatA ke pratIkoM meM badala lenA, zilAlekhoM ko dharAzAyI kara denA, mUrtiyoM ko khaMDita kara apanI paraMparA kA banA lenA Adi hotA rahA hai| ataH ina purAtAtvika pramANoM ke AdhAra para hI Tike rahanA pUrNataH satya nahIM bhI ho sakatA hai / yaha asatya bhI ho sakatA hai aura bAra doharAye jAne ke kAraNa bhrama phaila rahA ho| hiTalara kahatA thA, jhUTha ko bhI bAra-bAra doharAte raho vaha satya lagane lgegii| * nidezaka - jJAnodaya phAunDezana, 9/2 snehalatAgaMja, indaura

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likhita pramANa bhI the jo videza cale gaye mUrtiyAM va pratIka cinha videza cale gye| jo AdhyAtmika saMdarbha mUlataH zramaNa the unhe anya ciMtako ne apane nAma se prakAzita kara diyaa| yaha AtaMka huA hai| kaI bAra aisA kahA jAtA hai ki jaina dharmAvalambI anya dharmAvalambiyoM kI bAtoM ko apanI kaha kara usakA pracAra karate haiM / isa paripekSya meM nimna bAtoM para dhyAna diyA jA sakatA hai 1. zilpAMkana sabase pahale jaina dharmAvalambiyoM ne prAraMbha kiyaa| yaha tathya kaI purAtatva vidoM ne svIkAra kiyA hai| 2. AtmA para AdhArita AdhyAtmika siddhAMto ko sabase pahale abhivyakti jainAcAryoM ne kI hai / yaha sapramANa siddha hai| balki ina siddhAntoM ko nayA colA pahanAkara apanA kahane kI sInA jorI huI hai| 3. yaha sarvajJAta hai ki vaidika parivAra meM janma lie va zikSita hue bahuta se manISiyoM ne jaina dharma grahaNa kara liyA aura ve jaina dharma ke prabala pratipAdaka rahe ataH yaha bhrama paidA ho sakatA hai ki una vidvAnoM kA kathana jainetara ho kintu vaha vAstava meM jaina hotA hai| aise dharma parivartana ko vidveSa kA AdhAra na banAkara bhAratIya saMskRti ke lacIlepana ke rUpa meM dekhanA caahie| ise dharma parivartana nahIM kahA jAnA cAhie balki yaha jJAnodaya hai| ina vidvAnoM kI vidvattA kA zramaNa darzana sadaiva AbhArI rhegaa| indrabhUti ke rUpa meM yadi mahAvIra ko gaNadhara na milatA to ho sakatA hai mahAvIra kI sUcanAyeM hama taka pahu~catI hI nhiiN| jitane bhI jaina dharmAvalambI zAsaka hue ve saba dharmasahiSNu the / zreNika, candragupta, khAravela, azoka, samprati sabhI gaMga nareza, cANakya, sabhI rASTrakUTa nareza, sabhI paramAra nareza - jaina dharma ke prati samarpita rahe kintu anya dharmAlambiyoM ke prati sahiSNu rhe| unhoMne unheM bhI sammAna diyA aura unake pratIkoM ke nirmANa va vyavasthApana meM sahayoga diyaa| ina sabhI narezoM aura unake vaMzoM kI saMkSipta jAnakArI yathAsthAna saMkalita hai| vizva vikhyAta itihAsajJoM ne ise svIkAra kiyA hai| hameM jo sUcanAeM purANoM meM milatI haiM ve bharata khaMDa ko lekara hI milatI haiM ataH adhikatara kSetra saMbaMdhI saMdarbha isI sImA meM Ate hai| bharata khaMDa kI bhaugAlika racanA bhI kaI bAra badalI hai| yadyapi isake tribhujAkAra svarUpa meM adhika parivartana nahIM AyA kintu uttarI pahAr3oM aura dakSiNI samudra ke bIca sthita bhUkhaMDa meM kaI parivartanoM ke saMketa milate haiN| uttarI pahAr3oM aura samudroM ke AkAroM meM bhI parivartana huA hai| isake bhI paryApta pramANa hai| ina parivartanoM ne manuSya ke kArya kalApoM ko avazya prabhAvita kiyA hai| ina parivartanoM ne kaI bAra jalavAyu sambandhI parivartana kiye, jisane AbAdI ke hrAsa se lekara AbAdI ko sthAna parivartana ke lie bAdhya kiyaa| kaI bAra to bahuta kucha naSTa ho gayA jise pralaya nAma diyA gyaa| prANiyoM ne phira AbAdI kA vistAra kiyA, apanI smRtiyoM ke sahAre apanI jIvana vyavasthAoM kA punarsthApana kiyA aura yaha krama calatA rhaa| isa sRSTi kA kabhI aMta nahIM huAM yaha niraMtara calatI rhii| AvazyakatA kevala itanI hai ki hama parivartanoM ko pahacAneM aura uname chipe saMdezoM ko pkdd'e| parivartana, pralaya ke bIca eka smRti hI to sahArA hai jo jJAna ko Age bar3hAtI hai aura sUcanAoM ko bhUmi pradAna karatI hai| purANoM ke saMdezoM ko asiddha kahakara TAla denA eka aitihAsika bhUla hogii| saMdezoM ko DI koDa (D code) karane kA nAma hI purANa praNayana hai| sadeMza jo gaNanA kSamatA sImA se pUrva se cale A rahe haiM unheM DI koDa karanA atyanta durUha kArya hai para purANakAroM va graMthakAroM ne 50 arhat vacana 24 (1), 2012 ,

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vaha kiyA hai| yoga, dhyAna, ciMtana ke mAdhyama se DI koDa kara unhoMne yaha batAyA ki jJAna kI avasthAeM jaba avadhijJAna meM parivartita ho jAtI hai to jAnanA pAradarzI ho jAtA hai / avadhijJAnI ne pAradarzI tathya batAe to graMthakAroM ne unheM DI koDa kara janabhASA meM pravAhita kiyA aura TIkAkAroM ne unhe DI koDa kara vistAra se smjhaayaa| DIkoDiMga kA artha hai saMdeza(likhita yA alikhita) meM chipe artha ko spaSTa karanA / sabhI tIrthakara avadhijJAnI the aura sabhI gaNadhara jJAna kI vaha kSamatA prApta the jisase ve sUcanAoM ko DIkoDa karane meM sakSama the| alaga alaga samaya meM manuSya kI bhASA kSamatA bhinna bhinna thI aura saMdezoM kA pravAha usa yuga kI bhASA meM huaa| yaha anya bAta hai ki vaha bhASA hama par3ha nahIM pA rahe haiM isalie vartamAna bhASA meM hama use DIkoDa nahIM kara pA rahe haiN| hamArI isa vivazatA ke kAraNa hama yaha nahIM kaheM ki jo purANoM meM likhA hai vaha avizvasanIya hai| use hama taba taka avizvasanIya na kaheM jaba taka hama jJAna ke usa dharAtala para na pahu~ca jAyeM jise avadhijJAna kahateM haiN| hameM yaha bhI smaraNa rakhanA hogA ki AkAza-brahmANDa, svayaM sUcanAoM kA apAra bhaMDAra hai| yogI apanI sAdhAnA va ekagratA se ina sUcanAoM ko pakar3ane meM samartha hote haiM aura mastiSka ke vibhinna prakoSTha unhe DIkoDa karane meM samartha hote haiM / vaijJAnika zodha use pramANita kara rahe haiN| jJAna manuSya jIva kA vizeSa guNa hai jo sva aura para donoM ko jAnane meM samartha hai| vaha pAMca prakAra hai - mati, zruti, avadhi, manaH paryaya va kevala jJAna / vaise to jJAna para ciMtakoM ne bahumUlya sAmagrI dI hai kintu isakI gUr3hatA para jAnA yahA~ hamArA prayojana nahIM hai| yahA~ kevala isa bAta para soca rahe haiM ki avadhijJAna sva aura para ko pAradarzI rUpa se jAnatA hai isalie vaha sUcanAoM ko pAradarzI rUpa se preSita karane meM sakSma hai / samyagdarzana ca caritra kI vizuddhatA ke prabhAva se kinhIM sAdhakoM ko eka vizeSa prakAra kA jJAna ho jAtA hai jise avadhijJAna kahate haiN| yaha mUrtika athavA saMyogI padArthoM ko jAna sakatA hai, paraMtu indriyoM Adi ki binA jAna sakane ke kAraNa pratyakSa hai| samasta Agama, avadhijJAniyoM va kevala jJAniyoM kI dezanAoM para AdhArita hai ataH satya haiN| kevala atIndriya atizaya jJAna hai jo binA icchA va buddhi ke prayoga ke sarvAMga se sarvakAla va kSetra saMbaMdhI sarva padArthe ko hastAmalakavata TaMko tkIrNa pratyakSa dekhatA hai| ataH bhUta, bhaviSya va vartamAna ko avadhi jJAnI pratyakSa dekhatA hai| isI kAraNa bhUtakAla kI bAteM use yathArUpa meM dikhAI detI hai| jo gujara cukA hai vaha apane avazeSa avazya chor3atA hai aura vaha smRtiyoM ko tAjA kara vartamAna ke AdhAra para paribhASita karane lagatA haiM / itihAsa kI parateM khulane lagatI haiN| hama vigata ke ina avazeSoM se jur3I smRtiyoM kI zrRMkhalA ko saMjone kA prayAsa kreNge| gujare hue samaya kA rAjadA~ kevala avadhijJAnI ho sakatA hai jo vartamAna yuga meM koI nahIM hama to kevala jahA~ jo avazeSa mila gayA usake Asa pAsa cakkara lagAyeMge aura avadhijJAnI na ho sakane kI zarma ko DhaMkane kA prayatna kareMge / dekhate haiM hameM kyA hAtha lagatA hai| aisA pahale bhI huA hai| kucha jJAniyoM ne avadhijJAna na hone ke kAraNa anya saMdarbho aura smRti ke sahAre jo mArgadarzana diyA vaha ho sakatA hai pUrNataH ThIka na ho kiMtu use pUrNataH chor3A nahIM jA sakatA - use samIkSA sahita vicArArtha liyA jA sakatA hai| jo dhyAnI aura yogI hote haiM ve saccAI ke adhika nikaTa hote haiN| vaijJAnika Akhira kyA karate haiM? adhyayana, sAdhanA, indriyoM se aliptatA tathA dhyAna se unakA jJAna taMtra urdhvagAmI ho jAtA hai| unakA mastiSka brahamANDa meM vyApta una sUkSma taraMgoM ko grahaNa karane arhat vacana,24(1), 2012

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lagatA hai jise sAdhAraNa AdamI kA mastiSka grahaNa nahIM kara pAtA hai| kisI vizeSa viSaya para kendrita rahane ke kAraNa unhe usa viSaya ke tathya pAradarzI rUpa meM dikhAI dene lagate haiM aura hama kahate haiM nayA AviSkAra huaa| adhyayana jo aviSkRta ho cukA hai, usakA jJAna ho jAtA hai, vaha mastiSka kI sRjanazIlatA ko vistAra detA hai aura dhyAna se mastiSka ke eMTinA khulane lagate haiM aura sUcanAeM anAvRta hone lagatI haiN| ina sUcanAoM ko vaijJAnika apanI bhASA meM DIkoDa kara letA hai| jIvana kyoM ? ina prazna ke uttara ko DhUMDhane meM rata aura saphalatA pAye vaijJAnika tIrthaMkara aura kevalI kahalAte haiN| unakI sUcanAoM se darzana, itihAsa, dravya zAstra, bhUgola, khagola aura jJAna kI anya sabhI zAkhAoM ke dvAra khula jAte haiN| jJAna ke bAre meM yaha spaSTa samajha lenA cAhie ki jJAna kabhI paidA nahIM hotA vaha anAvRta hotA hai| saMbhavataH anaMtakAla se calI A rahI sUcanAeM DIkoDa hokara hamAre jJAna kA bhaMDAra bana gaI hai| jJAna kI yaha paribhASA svayaM spaSTa kara rahI hai ki saba kucha brahmANDa meM bharA hai| itihAsa ke bAre meM jo kucha sUcanAeM hamAre pAsa upalabdha hai usake do AdhAra haiM eka purANa aura dUsarA vaijJAnika pramANa / vaijJAnika pramANa sAmane pratyakSa hote haiM ataH ve vizvasanIya lagate haiM kiMtu unakI eka sImA hai| unakI khoja abhI jArI hai| pratidina vaijJAnika brahAmNDa ke bAre meM hameM kaI naI naI sUcanAeM de rahe haiN| jIva aura jagata ke bAre meM aisI sUcanAeM ekatrita ho rahI haiM jo paraspara virodhI bhI haiM / bhaviSya meM saMbhavataH yaha svIkAra karanA hogA ki yaha sRSTi aura prANI anaMta kAla se haiM aura anaMta kAla taka rheNge| jaina purANa yahI sUcita kara rahe haiN| sUcanA kA dUsarA AdhAra purANa hai| bhArata meM bhUgola aura itihAsa ke bAre meM sUcanA dene vAle vaidika (hindU) purANa, jaina purANa aura bauddha graMtha hai| eka tathya spaSTa rUpa se umarakara AtA hai ki jo bhI purANa bane haiM unakA sUcanA kA AdhAra eka hI thaa| ina purANoM ke 'zruta' se purANa meM banane ke pahale jo RSi, vaijJAnika the ve dharma kI sImA se baMdhe nahIM the| ve jaMbUdvIpa ke vaijJAnika the| mati, zruti evaM manaHparyaya jJAna ke dhAraka the aura kucha avadhi jJAnI bhI the| yaha to nizcita rUpa se patA calatA hai ki ina sUcanAoM me AdhyAtmika dRSTikoNa hotA thA / ataH ho sakatA hai kAlAMtara meM dharma kI sImAoM meM yaha sUcanAeM rUr3ha ho gaI hoM aura bhrama phaila gayA ho| deza, videza ke aneka adhyetAoM ne yaha svIkAra kiyA hai ki jaina purANoM ke kathana satya ke adhika nikaTa haiM phira bhI yaha svIkAra karane meM kaThinAI nahIM honA cAhie ki bramhANDa saMbaMdhI sUcanAeM hamAre yahA~ samAna vaijJAnika AdhAra para khar3I thiiN| vaise hI itihAsa kI sUcanAeM bhI samAna AdhAra yA khota se A rahI haiN| bhinna bhinna vidvAnoM ne unheM saMgrahIta kiyA ataH unameM aMtara dikhAI detA hai| ina saba sUcanAoM ko saMgrahIta karane meM ina vidvAnoM ne sUkSma dRSTi (jJAna, prayoga tathA ciMtana AdhArita) kA prayoga kiyA hai aura aisA lagatA hai vijJAna abhI usa sImA kA sparza nahIM kara pAyA hai| AkAza aura lokAkAza kI jo paribhASA ina vidvAnoM ne dI haiM ve bahuAyAmI haiN| yadi una saba AyAmoM ko AdhAra banAkara vaijJAnika khoja ho to sUcanAoM ko adhika tarka saMgata AdhAra mila sakatA hai| paurANika sUcanAoM aura vaijJAnika pramANoM ko hama Amane sAmane rakhakara dekheM to hameM lagegA ki paurANika sUcanAeM tarka saMgata haiN| udAharaNa ke lie hama bhArata kSetra ke navInatama bhaugolika aura prAcIna paurANika sUcanAoM para bane citroM ke svarUpa para dhyAna deM to unameM eka samAnatA hai yadyapi pRthvI ke rUpa meM parivartana hote hI rahate hai bharata kSetra kI sUcanAeM saMkalita karate samaya purANakAroM ke pAsa vaisA hI bharatakhAMDa kA rekhAcitra rahA jaisA vaha abhI dikhAI de rahA hai isI kAraNa donoM citroM meM pRthvI, samudra, vana parvatoM kA sthAna 52 arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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eka jaisA hai| yaha purANoM kI prAmANikatA kA zreSTha pramANa hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki samasta triloka saMbaMdhI sUcanAyeM, kAla saMbaMdhI sUcanAyeM va anya sabhI sUcanAyeM gupta bhASA me hai unheM abhI anAvRta honA zeSa hai| hamAre itihAsa ne isI bhaugolika pRSTha bhUmi meM janma liyA hai| bhUlanA manuSya kA svabhAva hai ataH sUcanAyeM va pratIkAtmaka citra sadaiva hamArI dRSTi ke sAmane rahanA cAhie tAki itihAsa kI kar3iyA~ jor3ane meM kaThinAI na ho / purANoM ne AdinAtha, bharata, bAhubali, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha ke pramANa sAmane rakhe to Aja zilAlekhoM, purAtAtvika pramANoM ke sAtha unheM jor3akara itihAsa kI dhArAeM DhUMDhane meM madada mila rahI hai| abhI zalAkA puruSoM ke pUrvabhavoM ke mAdhyama se prAcIna itihAsa ko pahacAnane kA prayatna prAraMbha nahIM huA hai| yaha hote hI eka nayeM saMsAra kA dvAra khula sakatA hai / purANoM aura paraMparAoM kA vivecana kie binA unheM avaijJAnika kI sImA meM DAlanA aviveka pUrNa hogaa| itihAsa koI bhramoM kA puliMdA nahIM hai| vaha mAnava ke kAryakalApoM kA abhilekha hai| manuSya ne kaba kyA kiyA aura kyA socA-hajAroM lAkhoM varSa pUrva vaha saba usane Aja ke vaijJAnikoM yA itihAsakAroM se pUcha kara nahIM kiyA / brahamANDa kI goda meM sUraja cA~da ke sAye meM pakSiyoM kalarava va asaMkhyAta pazuoM, kIr3oM-makor3o ke kraMdana, halana-calana ke bIca apane jIvana ko mAnava ne parabhiASita kiyA isa para yaha prazna paidA karanA ki yaha kaba huA aura use varSoM meM nApanA sabase bar3A bhrama paidA karanA hai| brahmANDa aura prANI anAdikAla se cale haiM aura calate rheNge| hA~ yaha nizcita kiyA jA sakatA hai ki kaba, kyA jJAta rUpa se kiyA aura useM varSoM ke kaThaghare me bAMdhA bhI jA sakatA hai kiMtu usake pahale kucha nahIM huA thA yaha anumAna lagAnA bhI ho sakatA hai hameM soca ke galata mArga kI aura le jaae| dRSTi yaha honA cAhie ki jisakA pramANa mila gayA hai vaha yaha hai aura jo nahIM milA hai use khojA jAnA caahie| sRSTi kI niraMtaratA isase prabhAvita nahIM hotii| hama yaha kara sakate haiM ki jisake pramANa mila gaye haiM use jJAta itihAsa kaheM kintu jisake pramANa hama apanI kSamatAoM kI sImA ke kAraNa nahI juTA pAyeM haiM use apramANika nahIM kheN| use nakAreM nahIM use bhale hI Apa zruta itihAsa yA paurANika itihAsa kaha sakate haiN| purANoM kA vikAsa bhI aisA pratIta hotA hai do AyAmoM meM huaa| pahalA jaba yaha ehasAsa ho gayA ki kucha rikArDa RSiyoM kI smRti meM hai usakA lopa hotA jA rahA hai to use graMtha rUpa meM ekatrita/saMkalita kara liyA jaay| dUsarA AyAma taba prAraMbha huA jaba jo itihAsa thA usa para apanI mAnyatAoM AgrahoM aura soca ke AdhAra para cher3achADa huii| kucha purANakAroM ne jo siddhahasta kavi aura lekhaka the kaI pAtra aise dharatI para utAre jo AnaMdaduHkha, jJAna-mUr3hatA, zaurya-kAyaratA, caritra-duzcaritra aura sAMsArikatA se paripUrNa the| kaI aisI ghaTanAoM ko sAkAra kiyA gayA jo prAthamika sUcanAoM para to khar3I thI kiMtu jisameM kalpanA kautUhala va tarka kA sammizraNa kara diyA gyaa| isane mUla sUcanAoM para eka cAdara sI or3hA dii| mUla sUcanAoM ko saMkalita karane vAle purANa bhI zaMkAoM ke ghere meM A gaye / para yaha svAbhAvika thaa| ghaTanAeM kaI taraha jIvita rahatI hai| kabhI kathA-kahAnI kabhI caritroM ke mAdhyama se aura kabhI paraMparAoM ke rUpa meN| AvazyakatA hai isa aMtara ko samajhane kii| hameM vaijJAnika avadharaNAoM ne bhI kabhI kabhI bhramita kiyA hai| isa kathana kA tAtparya yaha nahIM ki vijJAna tarka sammata nahIM hai kiMtu kabhI kabhI hama vaijJAnika upalabdhiyoM se itane abhibhUta ho jAte haiM ki manuSya kI zakti se Upara use mAnane lagate haiM / kampyUTara kI zakti bahuta hai| Ama mAnavIya kSamatAoM se pare usakI sAmArthya para bhAratIya gaNitajJa zrInivAsa rAmAnujama ne aba se karIba eka arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 53

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zatAbdi pUrva yaha siddha kara diyA thA ki iMsAnI dimAga kI tejI aura dakSatA kA mukAbalA kabhI bhI duniyA ke tIvratama kampyUTara se nahIM kiyA jA skegaa| vartamAna meM kampyUTara kI yathArthatA aura dakSatA jisa 'pAI' ke mAna se dazamalava ke aMkoM ke AdhAra para kI jAtI hai use kampyUra ke AviSkAra se kaI dazakoM pUrva hI zrI rAmAnujama ke mastiSka ne eka sAdhAraNa sUtra se hala kara DAlA thaa| sArA vizva Aja bhI zrI rAmAnujama kA isa bAta ke lie lohA mAnatA hai| yaha manuSya ke mastiSka kI zakti kA jIvaMta udAharaNa haiN| manuSya kA mastiSka jJAna kI vibhinna avasthAoM ko anAvRta karatA huA avadhijJAnI va kevala jJAnI ho sakatA haiM / jaina siddhAMta use anAdikAla se doharAtA AyA hai / vAstava meM yahI zramaNa paraMparA meM svIkArya puruSArtha hai| hameM eka bAta para dhyAna denA hogA ki bhUgola ke AMgana meM hI itihAsa pallavita hotA hai| samAna bhaugolika paristhitiyoM meM janma lene vAle itihAsa puruSa bhI eka hI hoNge| isase bhI mahatvapUrNa bAta itihAsa puruSoM ke lie yaha hotI hai ki ve itihAsa puruSa taba banate haiM jaba saba logoM kA samarthana unheM prApta hotA hai| ve chAMTa chAMTakara jainoM kA samarthana nahIM paate| ve DhUMDha DhUMDhakara brAhmaNoM kA samarthana nahIM paate| ve saba yogya va samartha hone ke kAraNa samarthana pAte haiN| ataH jisako jisa rUpa meM usakA samarthana yA sandhyi milA usane usa rUpa meM use grahaNa kara liyaa| isI kAraNa kabhI kabhI bhrama paidA ho jAtA hai ki rAma jainoM ke the yA kRSNa vedAnuyAIyoM ke the / vAstava meM ve sabake the / ye to hama haiM jo una para lebala lagAte haiN| mahAvIra va buddha ne jana jana ko mAnavIya avadhAraNAoM se sAkSAtkAra karAyA isalie ve itihAsa purUSa bane / mAhavIra kisI ko jaina ke ghere meM aura kRSNa ne kisI ko vaidika ke ghere meM nahIM baaNdhaa| hama jaina apane aMdara jhAMkeM / mahAvIra kA hI udAharaNa liijie| mahAvIra kapar3AdhArI the? brahmacArI the yA unhoMne vivAha kiyA thA? yaha saba vivAda bhrama se janme haiM / mahAvIra gRhatyAga ke pUrva kapar3AdhArI the aura dIkSA ke pazcAta nagra rahate the| mahAvIra kapar3AdhArI the aura nahIM bhI the| 2600 varSa pUrva ke unake kArya kalApoM kA koI phoTogrAphika vivaraNa to nahIM hai| jo AMkha se dekho aura nirNaya kara lo / ataH hama isa para takarAra kareM yaha kahA~ taka ThIka hai? kabhI kabhI to aisA lagatA hai jaise samaya ko bhramita kara loga apane mahatva ko banAye rakhanA cAhate haiN| ve aisA kyoM nahIM socate ki isase mUla muddA hI ulajha jAtA hai| yadi hama aisA vivAda karate rahe to do cAra zatAbdI bAda loga mAhavIra ko bhulA deMge aura kapar3e vAle sAdhuoM ko hI yAda rakheMge / kyA yaha nahIM honA cAhie ki mahAvIra kA astvi banA rahe bhale hI isa daMgala se hameM mahAvIra ko mukta karanA pdd'e| kaise bhrama phailatA hai yaha isakA udAharaNa hai| kyA Apako aisA nahIM lagatA ki mahAvIra dhIre dhIre janamAnasa se dUra hote jA rahe haiM aura jora jora se unakA isa yA rUpa meM udghoSa karane vAle biyabAna meM udbodhana kara rahe haiN| kabhI kabhI aisA mahasUsa hotA hai yadi mahAvIra svayam kabhI ina logoM ke bIca A jAyeM to ye unhe pahacAneMge bhI nhiiN| itihAsa ke adhyetAoM kI vivecanAoM kA Adara karate hue hama kucha thor3A sA haTakara kAlakrama ko vibhAjita karane kA prayAsa kareM to ho sakatA hai kucha naye tathya jo dRSTi se ojhala ho rahe haiM ujAgara ho jaayeN| AIye prayatna karate haiN| vedoM ke gAna se pUrva kA kAla-isa bAta se adhikatara vidvAna sahamata haiM ki vedoM kI RcAyeM 3 se 4 hajAra varSa pUrva gAI jAne lagI thiiN| isa kAla ke pUrva sudRDha sAMskRtika jIvana paddhati thI jise purAvidoM ne har3appA saMskRti kahA / har3appA saMskRti ke pUrva ke kAla ko ThIka se na jAnane ke kAraNa use aMdhakAra yuga kaha diyA gyaa| arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 54

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bharata kSetra kI sabhyatA ke nimna sopAna najara Ate haiN| pahale kI / RSabha pUrva caubIsI se prarita vastu bahula sabhyatA jinake aura sImita aba koI jana saMkhyA vivaraNa upalabdha vAlI sabhyatA nahIM kevala jaina |jise kalpavRkSa saMdarbha ise / | kI bahulatA se doharAte haiM / P jor3A gyaa| (sRSTi yadi thI | vAstava meM yaha to ise hama kisa| vibhinna vRkSoM AdhAra para manA kI sampadA se kara sakate hai) bharA kAla thA (kula kara kAla) RSabha pravartita prAkRtika | karmaparaka sabhyatA| parivartanoM se jisakI pUrNatA utpanna vastuoM mokSa meM hotI hai| | kI kamI kA kAla (karIba 20 aura janasaMkhyA ke lAkha varSa pUrva) | vistAra kA kAla jise saMtulita karane ke lie gaMgAvataraNa huA aura kRSi janita sabhyatA kA vistAra huA (karIba 8 se 10 lAkha varSa pUrva) nagarIya samAja kA gaThana-pazu pAlana va kRSi kAryoM kA vistAra ataH ciMtana kI paramparA kA prAraMbha huaa| jo dikhatA hai usake hI prabhutva ko svIkAra karane kA kAla dhAtu jJAna kA vicAra vikAsa bhinnatA se jisase samUhoM kA vaijJAnika karma vibhaajn| kA phailAva Arthika huaa| samAja sampannatA meM kA vyakti vRddhi| deza zakti aura videzoM meM samUha zakti phailA va va meM vibhAjanA apane jJAna vicAra bhinnatA kA vistAra kA kaal| huaa| AdhyAtma sambhavataH aura prakRti bhASA kI janita abhivyakti kalpanA se | ko sakSama janmeM pratIkoM| AdhAra milaa| se saMgharSa kA kAla (zramaNa va vaidika sabhyatA ke saMgharSa kA kAla) the| jaTila samAja varga vibheda, kA vistaar| | zakti saMgharSa, sAmarika zakti | naI-naI vistAra ke / / rAjya sAtha apanI || sattAoM aura bauddhika kSamatA | dharma sattAoM | ko vyakta karane | kA udy| ke lie nae saMgharSa aisA kSetroM meM ki usane prtyaavrtn| bharata kSetra ke pUrva pracalita AdhAra ko devatAoM ke hI kamajora sthAna para naye kara diyaa| prakRti janya devatAoM kI klpnaa| Arthika samRddhi kA kaal| vaidika saMskRti kA udaya bhArata sone kI cir3iyA bana gyaa| videziyoM kA sattA, dharma va Agamana jo varga saMgharSa bhArata kI jisane Arthika rASTrIya samRddhi ko parAdhInatA | lUTanA cAhate || kA zrI gaNeza kiyaa| bhAratavAsI apanI hI lagAI agni meM jalate rahe aura deza lUTa gyaa| arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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bharata kSetra kI sabhyatA ke nimna sopAna najara Ate haiM saMskRti kA vikAsa bhI ina sopAnoM ke sAtha najara AtA hai| tathAkathita aMdhayuga kI parte kevala jaina purANa khola sakate hai| saMdarbha neminAtha va kRSNa kAla ke spaSTa rUpa se prApta haiN| ise yUM samajhA jA sakatA hai ki usa yuga meM bhArata ke madhyAMcala, pazcimAMcala me vaidika sabhyatA kA prabhAva bar3ha cukA thA / pUrvAMcala va dakSiNAMcala meM vaidika sabhyatA kA prabhAva sImita thaa| dakSiNa meM dravir3a nAga va pUrva meM zramaNa sabhyatA kA prabhAva thaa| saMbhavataH vicAra bhinnatA ke kAraNa yA AbAdI ke sthAnAMtaraNa ke kAraNa vaidika RcAoM ke praNayana ke sAtha vaidika sabhyatA kA udaya siMdhu,sarasvatI ghATI meM huaa| pazcimAMcala meM nAga, dravir3a dabAva va pUrva ke zramaNoM se melajola ke kAraNa tathA videzI AkramaNoM ke dabAva ke kAraNa eka mizrita sabhyatA kA udaya huA jise hama bhAratIya samyatA kahate haiN| har3appA prakAra kI jIvana zailI meM ve saba bAteM thI jo hamAre purANakAroM ne varNita kI haiN| jinheM zramaNa sabhyatA kA AdhAra kahA jAtA hai| yaha koI atizayokti pUrNa saMdarbha saMkalana nahIM hai| ina saMketoM kI sRSTi koI Akasmika ghaTanA nahIM thii| yaha una vicAroM aura paraMparA kI abhivyakti thI jisane siMdhu jIvana zailI kA gaThana kiyA thaa| yahA~ eka bAta smaraNa kara lenA ThIka rahegA ki siMdhu(har3appA) prakAra kI jIvana zailI kevala siMdhu ghATI meM nahIM thI, usakA vistAra saMbhavataH sampUrNa bhArata meM thaa| ina kSetroM me utkhananakartAoM ne aisI sabhAvanA vyakta kI hai| zramaNa sabhyatA ke vismRta hote ina sopAnoM ko sAmane rakhane para hI bhArata kA itihAsa anAvRta ho skegaa| gata 1000 varSoM se zramaNa sabhyatA ke AdhyAtmika sopAna bAhya kriyA kalApoM meM ulajha gayejisane zramaNa sabhyatA ko tathA kathita jaina sabhyatA meM badala diyA jo caritra aura citaMna se khisakakara bAhya kriyA kalApoM me kendrita ho gii| vicAroM ke isa par3Ava para yaha spaSTa honA cAhie ki zramaNa sabhyatA kisI rAjA mahArAja yA kisI eka mahApuruSa ke mArgadarzana meM Age nahIM bddh'ii| yaha to kaI-kaI tIrthaMkaroM, kaI-kaI AcAryoM aura zrAvakoM kI saMyukta sAdhanA kA pariNAma hai| kahIM yaha puruSArtha ke kSitija ke Upara hai aura kahIM yaha bhAvanAoM kI gaharAI meM haiN| kahIM yaha dhyAna meM hai aura kahIM yaha mauna meM racI basI hai| saba se Upara yaha sabake astitva kI AvAja hai| jahAMjahAM. jisa-jisake hRdaya meM prema-dayA-karuNA aura kSamA kA vAsa hai vahAM-vahAM zramaNa sabhyatA hai| ho sakatA hai hama ise kAla rekhA se na jor3a pAyeM para isakA sarvatomukhI-sarvavyApI astitva hai| yaha svayaM siddha hai / bhale hI abhI yaha nahIM dikhAI de rahI ho para mAnavatA kA bhaviSya yahI hai / saMdarbha 1.(a) 'mahAparivvAna - suttanta' bauddha graMtha meM ullekha hai ki vajji deza aura vaizAlI meM arhata caityoM kA astitva thA jo buddha pUrva arthAta mahAvIra pUrvakAla se vidyamAna the| cauthI zatI IsA pUrva se hameM jaina mUrtiyoM, guphA, maMdiroM aura nirmita devAlayoM yA mandiroM ke astitva ke pratyakSa pramANa milane lagate haiN| (ba) mohana jodar3oM se prApta muhara para ukerI kAyotsarga mUrti para yadi hama abhI vicAra na kareM to bhI lohAnIpura kI mauryayugIna tIrthaMkara pratimAyeM yaha sUcita karatI haiM ki isa bAta kI sarvAdhika saMbhAvanA hai ki jaina dharma pUjA hetu pratimAoM ke nirmANa meM bauddha dharma aura brAhmaNa dharma se Age thaa| bauddha yA brAhmaNa dharma se saMbaMdhita devatAoM kI itanI prAcIna pratimAyeM aba taka prApta nahIM huI haiN| - amalAnanda ghoSa 'jaina kalA evaM sthApatya' bhAga 1, pRSTha 4 prApta : 14.09.11 56 arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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arhat vacana kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura varSa - 24, aMka 1, janavarI mArca 2012, 57-60 - dhAra saMgrahAlaya kI paramAra kAlIna jaina pratimAeM # aravinda kumAra jaina evaM saMgItA mehatA ** * sArAMza ma.pra. rAjya kA dhAra jilA purAtAtvika sAmagrI se samRddha hai| isI kAraNa lArDa karjana kI preraNA se 1902 meM dhAra saMgrahAlaya kI sthApanA kI gaI thii| yahI saMgrahAlaya vartamAna meM jilA purAtatva saMgrahAlaya dhAra ke nAma se vikhyAta hai| yahA~ saMgrahIta 10 abhilikhita paramArakAlIna jaina pratimAoM kA vivaraNa prastuta Alekha meM aMkita hai| jilA purAtatva saMgrahAlaya dhAra vartamAna madhyapradeza kA sabase prAcIna saMgrahAlaya hai| prAcIna dhArA nagarI kA purAtatvIya vaibhava to bahuta samaya pUrva se hI logoM ko jJAta thA lekina isa nagarI meM yahAM ke avazeSoM kI khoja kA itihAsa adhika prAcIna nahIM hai| dhAra riyAsata meM mahArAjA AnandarAva paMvAra tRtIya ke zAsana kAla meM inake sadprayatnoM se 1872 se hI dhAra sTeTa ke purAtAtvika evaM aitihAsika sAmagrI kI khoja saMbaMdhI kAryavAhI prArambha kI gii| inhIM ke samaya mahala kI khudAI karate samaya 1874 IsvI meM kucha kalAkRtiyAM evaM purAtatva avazeSa mile the| unhIM dinoM 1875 IsvI meM mopAvara aijeMsI ke poliTikala ejenTa mejara kikeDa jaba dhAra Aye the taba unake dvArA ina upalabdhiyoM kI khabara dI gaI evaM unhoMne svayaM ruci lI aura aneka kalAkRtiyoM ko eka sthAna para saMgrahIta kiyA gyaa| vidvAnoM kI aisI mAnyatA hai ki kikeDa ke samaya kiye gaye saMgraha meM bhojazAlA kI prasiddha sarasvatI pratimA bhI thI jise bAda meM laMdana bheja diyA gyaa| madhya bhArata (senTrala iMDiyA) ke tatkAlIna poliTikala ejeMTa kepTana bArneTa ne bhI dhAra sTeTa kI purAtatvIya evaM aitihAsika sAmagrI kA adhyayana evaM anukrama rakhane meM vizeSa ruci lI aura unake sahayoga se dhAra riyAsata ke itihAsakAra rAjyaratna paM. ke.ke. lele ne kamAla maulA masjida (bhojazAlA) kI zilAoM para aMkita aneka zilAlekha khoja nikAle / " paM. ke.ke. lele kI khoja tatkAlIna bhAratIya purAtatva kI sarvAdhika mahatvapUrNa upalabdhi thii| DaoN. phyUrara bUlara, sara je. e. kempavela, pro. pizala va kIlahArna, rAya bahAdura hIrAlAla ojhA, DaoN. DI. Ara. bhaNDArakara tathA hIrAlAla jI Adi purAvid isa khoja se atyadhika prabhAvita hue| I. san 1874 meM mAU dAjI ne bhagavAna lAla indrajI ko zilAlekha ke chApe lene ke lie dhAra bhejaa| san 1875 meM DaoN. vyUlara mainejara DaoN. phyUrara bhI dhAra aae| I. san 1895 meM sara je. e. kaimpavela ne apane sahAyaka pejullA khAM ko lekara purAttavIya khoja ko dekhane ke lie isa nagarI kI yAtrA kI isa prakAra 1872 meM jisa purAtatvIya khoja kA Arambha huaa| vaha san 1900 I. taka pUrNarUpeNa calatI rhii| poliTikala ejeMTa kepTana bAneTa ne (1900 1904) dhAra aura mANDU para adhyayana karake paricaya pustikA taiyAra kii| lArDa karjana ko purAtatva meM vizeSa abhiruci thii| unakI preraNA se ekatrita kI gaI sAmagrI ko surakSA pradAna karane kI dRSTi se sitambara 1902 meM dhAra nagara meM dhAra riyAsata dvArA jAgarUkatA kA pradarzana kara purAtatva saMgrahAlaya kI sthApanA kI gaI aura usI varSa jaba ** zodha chAtra evaM prabandhaka, kundakunda jJAnapITha, 584, mahAtmA gAMdhI mArga, indaura 452001 ** prAdhyApaka - saMskRta, aTalabihArI bajapeyI zAsa. kalA evaM vANijya mahAvidyAlaya, indaura

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karjana dhArA nagarI Ae taba unhoMne yahAM ke avazeSoM aura purAtatvIya khojoM ke prati apanI hArdika prasannatA vyakta kii| purAtatva saMgrahAlaya ke pramukha dhAra riyAsata ke zikSA adhIkSaka zrI ke. ke. lele banAye gaye / dhAra riyAsata meM saMgrahAlaya purAtatva vibhAga kI sthApanA ke pazcAta paM. lele ke donoM sahAyakoM zrI vhI. ke. lele va muMzI abdula rahamAna ne aneka sthaloM evaM smArakoM ke sarvekSaNa kA kArya samhAlA / isI tAratamya meM Ananda hAI skUla meM eka purAtAtvika saMgrahAlaya kI sthApanA kI gaI / usa samaya isa saMgrahAlaya meM hindU va jaina kalAkRtiyoM ke alAvA hindU evaM muslima vAstu vinyAsa ke prastara khaMDa, saMskRta va parziyana ke abhilekha, sikke, pustake tathA anya sAmagrI ko ekatrita karake pradarzita kiyA gayA thaa| skUla meM suvidhA janaka sthAna na milane ke kAraNa kAlAntara meM ise sthAnAMtarita kara diyA gayA tathA pUrNataH vyavasthita rUpa se kalAkRtiyoM kA pradarzana kiyA gyaa| dhAra riyAsata kI purAtatvIya zodha kI paramparA ko pro. e. DablyU vAkaNakara DaoN. harSana vAkaNakara evaM Ara.ke. deva Adi ne bar3e utsAha ke sAtha Age bar3hAyA dhAra nagarI kA purAtatva atyanta prAcIna hai| IsvI san 1956-57 meM Dekkana kaoNleja (posTa grejueTa iMsTITyUTa) pUnA ke zrI e. pI. khatrI ko sarvekSaNa ke daurAna dhAra meM tAmrAzma yugIna sabhyatA ke avazeSoM ke sAtha-sAtha kucha atyanta sundara citrita mRda bhANDa bhI prApta hue the| varSa 1977 meM DaoN. viSNu zrIdhara vAkaNakara ko bhI romana bule aura kucha anya kuSANa kAlIna avazeSa kI prApti huI ye sArI upalabdhiyA~ isa tathya ko pramANita karatI hai ki dhAra kI dharatI ke nIce bhI purAtatvIya vaibhava bharA par3A hai| I saMgrahAlaya meM pASANa pratimAoM kA vizAla saMgraha hai, jinameM se dasa amilikhita jaina pratimAoM kA vivaraNa prastuta lekha meM kiyA jA rahA hai AdinAtha prathama tIrthaMkara AdinAtha kI yaha pratimA dhAra se prApta huI hai| padmAsana kI dhyAnastha mudrA meM nirmita hai| aba kevala pAdapITha zeSa hai| pAdapITha para tIrthaMkara AdinAtha kA dhvaja lAMchana vRSabha (baila) kA aMkana hai| pAdapITha para vikrama saMvat 1331 (IsvI san 1247) kA cAra paMktiyoM kA lekha utkIrNa haiM, jisakI lipi nAgarI bhASA saMskRta hai| lekha meM pratiSThA karane vAlA zrAvaka kA nAma aMkita hai tathA vaha saMvat 1331 meM pratiSThA karAkara ise nitya praNAma karatA hai|" lekha kA pATha isa prakAra hai - saM. (saMvat) 1331 varSe.............. praNamati nitya zrI // padamaprabha - chaThe tIrthaMkara padamaprabha kI yaha pratimA dhAra se prApta huI hai| (sa.kra. 719 ) padmAsana mudrA meM aMkita hai| tIrthaMkara ke sira para kuntalita kezarAzi, lambe karNa cApa, vakSa para zrI vatsa cinha hai| pAdapITha alaMkRta hai| saMgamaramara patthara para nirmita 100 x 78 x 51 se. mI. AkAra kI pratimA ke pAdapITha para lagabhaga 12vIM zatI IsvI kA eka paMkti kA lekha utkIrNa hai, jisakI lipi nAgarI bhASA saMskRta hai|' lekha meM pratimA padamaprabha tIrthaMkara kI batAI gaI hai| lekha kA pATha isa prakAra haizrI padamaprabha devaH // candraprabha - AThaveM tIrthaMkara candraprabha kI yaha pratimA dhAra se prApta huI hai| ( sa.kra.84) padmAsana kI dhyAnastha mudrA meM aMkita hai| tIrthaMkara kA vakSa se Upara kA bhAga bhagna hai| pAdapITha para candraprabha kA dhvaja lAMchana arddhacandra kA aMkana hai| vesAlTa patthara para nirmita para 40 x 60x27 seM.mI. AkAra kI pratimA ke pAdapITha para lagabhaga 12vIM zatI IsvI kA eka paMkti kA lekha utkIrNa hai, 58 arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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jisakI lipi nAgarI bhASA saMskRta hai| lekha kA pASANa chila gayA hai / lekha kA pATha isa prakAra hai savat .................. mAgha ............rya ...... zAntinAtha - solahaveM tIrthaMkara zAMtinAtha kI pratimA badanAvara jilA dhAra se prApta huI hai| (sa.kra.42-69) tIrthaMkara kAyotsarga mudrA meM aMkita hai| tIrthaMkara prabhAmaNDala, lambe karNa cApa, vakSa para zrIvatsa se susajjita hai| pAdapITha para donoM ora caMvaradhArI zilpAMkita haiN| inake eka hAtha meM caMvara dUsarA hAtha kaTTayA valambita hai| vaimukabuTa, kuNDala, hAra, mekhalA Adi AbhUSaNoM se susajjita hai| pAdapITha para tIrthaMkara zAMtinAtha kA dhvaja lAMchana hiraNa kA rekhAMkana hai| kAle patthara para nirmita 125x61x 30 seM.mI. AkAra kI pratimA ke pAdapITha para vikrama saMvat 1332 (IsvI san 1275) kA do paMkti kA lekha utkIrNa hai| jisakI lipi nAgarI, bhASA saMskRta hai / lekha meM isa pratimA kI saMvat 1332 meM pratiSThA karAne vAle use nitya praNAma karate hai| lekha kA pATha isa prakAra hai - (saMvat) 1332 varSe .. ............ eta (ete) praNama (ma) ti nityaM / zAntinAtha - tIrthaMkara zAMtinAtha kI yaha pratimA dhAra se prApta huI hai (saM.kra.85) / kAyotsarga mudrA meM zilpAMkita hai, kintu donoM hAtha bhagna hai| tIrthaMkara ke sira para kuntalita keza, lambe karNacApa va vakSa para zrIvatsa kA aMkana hai| donoM aura caMvaradhArI khar3e haiM, jo eka hAtha meM caMvara dUsarA hAtha kaTyAvalAmbita hai / grenAITa patthara para nirmita 120 x 40x24 se.mI. AkAra kI pratimA ke pAdapITha para lagabhaga 12vIM zatI IsvIM kA eka paMkti kA lekha utkIrNa hai, jisakI lipi nAgarI bhASA saMskRta hai| lekha meM mAthurAnvaya ke AcArya mAdhava candra saMvat ............ mAgha vadi paMcamI ko pratiSThA sampanna karake pratimA kI vandanA karate hai| lekha kA pATha isa prakAra hai - ............. mAgha vadi 5 mAthura ....... (anvaye) praNamati AcArya mAdhavacaMdro / muni suvratanAtha - bIsaveM tIrthaMkara munisuvratanAtha kI yaha pratimA dhAra se prApta huI hai| padmAsana mudrA meM nirmita tIrthaMkara kA pAdapITha hI hai| pASANa para (IsvI san 1166) kA lekha utkIrNa hai, jisakI lipi nAgarI bhASA saMskRta hai| lekha meM hajAra saMkhyaka aMka kA pASANa khaMDita ho gayA hai, isameM saMvat 1223 mAgha sudi saptamI ko pratiSThA karAkara pratiSThAkAraka nitya praNAma karatA hai| lekha kA pATha isa prakAra hai - saMvat (1) 223 varSe mAgha sudi 7.... praNamati nityaM / tIrthakara - lAMchana vihIna tIrthaMkara kI yaha pratimA dhAra se prApta huI hai| (saM.kra.72) padmAsana kI dhyAnastha mudrA meM tIrthaMkara pratimA ke sira para kuntalita keza, lambe karNa cApa, vakSa para zrIvatsa kA aMkana hai| saMgamaramara patthara para nirmita 110x89x 50 seM.mI. AkAra kI pratimA ke pAdapITha para lagabhaga 12vIM zatI IsvI kA lekha utkIrNa hai| jisakI lipi nAgarI bhASA saMskRta hai| lekha kA pATha isa prakAra hai - ........... AcArya praNamati .......... tIrthakara - yaha tIrthaMkara pratimA dhAra se prApta huI hai| (saM.kra. 77) padmAsana kI dhyAnastha mudrA meM hai| tIrthaMkara kA sira va hAtha bhagna hai| patthara para nirmita 60 x 30 x 53 seM.mI. AkAra kI pratimA ke pAdapITha para lagabhaga 12vIM zatI IsvI kA lekha utkIrNa hai jisakI lipi nAgarI bhASA saMskRta hai| 4 lekha kA vAcana isa prakAra hai| arhat vacana,24(1),2012

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zrI lATa vAgarasaMghe paMDitAcArya zrI kalavaDAH // zrI gardanIya gesavAdi la cutaU Ake praNamati nityaM / tIrthaMkara - yaha tIrthaMkara pratimA dhAra se prApta huI hai| (sa.kra. 90 ) stambha yukta gavAccha ke aMdara tIrthaMkara aMkita hai| sira para kuntalita keza, lambe karNa cApa, vakSa para zrIvatsa hai| dAMyI tarapha makara vyAla va bAyI tarapha siMha vyAla kA aMkana hai| kAle patthara para nirmita 25 x 33 x 16 seM.mI. AkAra kI pratimA ke pAdapITha para lagabhaga 12vIM zatI IsvI kA eka paMkti kA lekha utkIrNa hai, jisakA aMtima aMza mAtra surakSita hai| zeSa lekha bhAga kA pASANa TUTa gayA hai, lekha kI lipi, nAgarI, bhASAsaMskRta hai / 15 lekha kA pATha isa prakAra hai - praNamati nityaM / tIrthaMkara ke paira - tIrthaMkara pratimA ke paira se saMbaMdhita zilpakhaMDa dhAra se prApta huA hai| (saM.kra. 81) isa pratimA kI kevala jaMghA evaM Asana mAtra zeSa hai| kAle patthara para nirmita 78 x 56 x 17 se.mI. AkAra kI pratimA para lagabhaga 12vIM zatI kA eka paMkti kA lekha utkIrNa hai, jisakI lipi nAgarI bhASA saMskRta hai| lekha meM kevala liMgasuta paMDitAcArya par3hA jA sakA hai|" lekha kA pATha isa prakAra hai paMDitAcArya liMga suta dhAra saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita abhilekhita paramAra kAlIna pratimAeM kAphI mahatvapUrNa hai| ina pratimAoM para utkIrNa lekhoM se prAcIna dhArA nagarI evaM nikaTavartI badanAvara prAcIna vardhamAnapura meM paramAra kAla meM jaina mUrtikalA evaM jaina dharma ke prasAra-pracAra para mahatvapUrNa prakAza par3atA hai| saMdarbha sUcI 1. Report on Archaeological work in Dhar State, 1902-3 2. landana meM isa pratimA kI sarvaprathama pahicAna rAya bahAdura ke. ena. dIkSita ne kI thii| kalakattA se prakAzita rUpama patrikA (1924 pRSTha 3 para) meM unhoMne usakA paricaya bhI chpvaayaa| Epigraphia India, jilda 3 pRSTha 96 / Indian Archaeoclogy: A Review, 1956-57 pRSTha 9-101 candravaMzI DI. ena. siMha, jilA saMgrahAlaya dhAra, Malwa through the Ages (ema.DI. khare dvArA sampAdita) bhopAla 44-45 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. jaina kastUra candra 'sumana', bhAratIya digambara jaina abhilekha aura tIrtha paricaya : madhyapradeza 13vIM zatI IsvI taka, dillI 2001, pR. 287, kraM. 280 pAThaka nareza kumAra, 'madhyapradeza kA jaina zilpa, indaura, 2001, pRSTha 42 jaina kastUra candra 'sumana' pRSTha 242-43 kramAMka 233 pAThaka nareza kumAra, pRSTha 42 evaM jaina kastUra candra 'sumana' pRSTha 242 kramAMka 232 jaina kastUracandra 'sumana', pRSTha 288 kramAMka 281 evaM pAThaka nareza kumAra, pRSTha 42 pAThaka nareza kumAra, pRSTha 43 evaM jaina kastUracandra 'sumana' pRSTha 241 kramAMka 230 jaina kastUra candra 'sumana', pRSTha 192 kramAMka 178 evaM pAThaka nareza kumAra, pRSTha 42 pAThaka nareza kumAra, pRSTha 44 evaM jaina kastUra candra 'sumana' pRSTha 239 kramAMka 227 pAThaka nareza kumAra, pRSTha 41 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. jaina kastUracandra 'sumana', pRSTha 241-42 16. 60 jaina kastUra candra 'sumana', pRSTha 240 kraM. 229 prApta : navambara 2011 arhat vacana 24 (1), 2012 ,

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ARHAT VACANA Kundakunda Janapitha, Indorer Vol. - 24, Issue 1, January - March, 2012, 61-66 Economic Organization under Jainism Ganesh Kawadia* & Anupam Jain** Abstract The principle of economics was developed for betterment of mankind but in the process we lost the dream of kind man. There is thus a need to develop a new form of economic organization or economic order which can help us in achieving the target of nature friendly sustainable development, free from any type of exploitation, the real Humanomics. The religious path or the path of non violence can help us in designing the economic organization which can ensure the development and the ultimate happiness for all. This paper is an attempt to identify the jain principles which can help us in building the new world economic order based on overall development of human beings i.e.the economic organization for Humanomics. The ancient societies and communities were so small and fragmented that the economic activities were mainly family managed. The economic development in such societies was completely independent of external factors. The economic organization required for societies of those times was completely of endogenous type. The problem of poverty, unemployment and disparities in those societies therefore were not evolved in the form of social evils of economic organizations. The ancient philosophies and religion thus had not focused much on the creation of economic organization required to achieve the target of religion. They have just prescribed certain code of conduct in terms of dos and don'ts for achieving the targets of spiritual life. They were just prescriptions for Atma. But the industrial revolution of the west has changed the structure of economic activities which was based on large scale production and the need for large markets to sale the produced goods. This created the need for different types of economic organization to fulfill the requirements of that economy. The organizations which had evolved over the time to serve the requirements of industrialization were landlordism, feudalism, capitalism, communism, socialism etc. All these types of organizations which gained ground over the last two-three centuries or so have been emphasizing on production and consumption for curing social evils specially poverty and unemployment. Production was assumed as, a panacea for all economic and social issues. All these forms of economic originations were basically planning to maximize the production or consumption. The focus * Professor and Head, School of Economics, Devi Ahilya University, INDORE-452001 ** Professor and Head, Department of Mathematics, Govt. Holkar Autonomous Science College, Indore-452001

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of these organizations was the growth of industrialization. They in this course have failed to produce the desired results and nor have approached towards the objectives of human welfare as advocated by Marshall (1890) in his classic book on economics. They rather have all aggravated the problems of poverty, unemployment and disparity over time. In fact, all the social tensions are the results of these economic organizations. They are the cause of social tension but claim as cure for the same. These types of organizations thus have no strength to solve these problems and create a society for over all development of human beings and ecology. The present day economics therefore have no capacity to create Humanomics. Basis of Economics The famous Kautilya's arthasastra is essentially a compilation of sort of civil code which prescribes duties for the king and several ideals for the king. Unlike present day economics, kautilya did not carry out studies of mans economic behavior, but since the large part of his writings are dedicated to welfare, the work thus regarded as one of the oldest works of economics. The basic principle of the economics is based on the assumption of self interest and exploitation of natural resources for creation of wealth of nation to improve the standard of life of the citizens (Adam Smith 1776).. As a result, they along with economic growth and production created many problems in terms of over exploitation of natural resources, global warming, unequal distribution of wealth and many related issues. Therefore every solution or economic activity gives rise to new problems for the society or to the eco system, reflected in terms of gender exploitation, water and soil pollution, poverty, global warming, economic meltdown and conflicting issues between rich and poor countries. The principle of economics was developed for betterment of mankind but in the process we lost the dream of kind man. There is thus a need to develop a new form of economic organization or economic order which can help us in achieving the target of nature friendly sustainable development, free from any type of exploitation, the real Humanomics. The religious path or the path of non violence can help us in designing the economic organization which can ensure the development and the ultimate happiness for all. This paper is an attempt to identify the jain principles which can help us in building the new world economic order based on overall development of human beings i.e. the economic organization for Humanomics. The Humanomics This new economic order should be able to differentiate good from goods. The jain theory of limitation of desires and possessions (iccha-parimana and parimita parigraha) can help us in defining the use of resources for our basic needs. This is not an abstract idea but a way of life in jain philosophy. Jain texts give a detailed account of this control in terms of code of conduct for the family Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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called anuvratas and list them in five categories for imposing self control on the use of resources for self consumption. This anuvrata explains the direction of needs for family and quality of life. The aim of this action is to discreetly control one's limitless desires and possessions which put them in the endless race of activities. Jainism offers a therapeutic solution to the modern life of tensions and anxieties through its principle of aparigraha. Truthfulness and honesty are the prerequisites for practice of aparigraha. The Jainism, thus advocates that ownership of production structure which does not give a feeling of possession. The entrepreneur thus acts as a trusty for the society or even for the entire ecosystem. Thus focus in such organization is on the rationality in the planning and use of resources. Through various karmadans (avoidable vocations), it advocates the form of economic organisation which promotes harmonious, equity and justice based societies with no scope for exploitation. Religion as a tool of economic advancement can lay down high moral codes which respects each other's right to property and freedom of practicing one's own trade of business. The inner life of an individual is more valuable than any thing that a state can guarantee. The code of conducts thus focuses on the satisfaction of inner life and betterment of soul i.e. atma. The selection of occupation thus is very important in the achievement of the target of life. Impact of Jain Philosophy on Occupation: Non-violence was the basic thrust of Mahavira's teachings (Acharya Mahaprajna, 2001), and therefore the aticars (violations) explains the avoidable occupations by a Sravaka (follower), there were several industries/occupations which were considered avoidable. The 15 karmadanas (avoidable vocations) give the guidance for the selection of occupations. The classification is not based on varna but derived on the basis of its relationships with nature and ecology. They give direction for such occupations which have least damaging impact on the nature and environment. The jainsim thus advocates nature and environment friendly occupation. The entire world is now talking for the need of such economic development. The various karmadanas are as follows : (See Bhagavati Sutra, Vol-3, sataka - 8, Udesaka - 5, sutra 242). These fifteen karmadana are also known as kharakarma or krurakarma in sagaradharmamsta. Sr. Name Meaning Explanation No. 1. Angara Karma Activities relating to Engaging in those fire occupations that require excessive use of fire such as putting up brick kilns; running factories for making soap and oil and for making matchboxes and Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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2. Vanakarma 3. Sakata Karm 4. Bhati Karma 5. Sphota Karma crackers and engaging in industries to make alkalis like washing soda and ashes. Activity related to Engaging in business cutting of trees etc. activities that necessitate cutting of green plants and trees, such as getting a jungle cut; peeling fruits; making gum etc or running. Manufacturing and Bullock carts, tongas, motor selling of vehicles vehicles, cars, buses, taxies, rickshaws Giving vehicles/ Or existing only on the hire cattle on hire money obtained thus. Engaging in Cutting them into pieces ; activities such as making a tank by digging blasting the earth the earth; cutting tunnels; or breaking stones digging wells or digging the land; getting tunnels made etc. Business in ivory Carrying on business in ivory; engaging in business activities in respect of musk, the hides of animals and the feathers of birds Business relating to Carrying on business in laka wax (Lakha) or wax or alkalis that necessitate killing of too many creatures; manufacturing glue; engaging in industries for making soap and other detergents 6. Danta Vanijya 7. Laksa Vanijya 8. Kesa Vanijya Carrying on business in hair Carrying on business in selling the hair of human beings or animals and dealing in cattle. Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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9. Rasa Vanijya 10. Visa Vanijya Business relating to Making ghee, oil, butter and honey, alcoholic drinks and selling them rasas or tasty liquids etc. Business in poisons 11. Yantrapilana Karma Relating to machinery 14. Saradahatalaya Sosanaya 15. Astijana posanata 12. Nirlancana Karma Relating to animals Cutting the limbs of and birds Burning and 13. Dava Daha Karma (Dauggidavanaya) demolition Drying up of wells,ponds Etc. Manufacturing different kinds of poisons or poisonous substances or destructive weapons and dealing in them. Running industries. with various kinds of machines selling them or getting them run for hire. Running a brothel for livelihood animals and birds, drenching them in water or castrating them Setting fire to things. or burning things such as forests, houses etc., out of enmity or spite Drying up the ponds for irrigation of crop. Keeping animals, birds etc. and showing them as an amusement for earning money. Carrying on business in meat, eggs etc. Historians feel that the Jain community abiding by the above prohibitions could not engage itself in several occupations, such as farming, industry, mining etc which damages environment. It thus advocates the bane on such farming which degrade soil or bane industry which pollutes environment or bane the activities which exploits the child or female. The economic activities under jainisim nurtures nature and environment. One of the reasons why there is a dominant concentration of Jains in indigenous money-lending and hire purchase is because money-lending business does not anywhere violate any of the above prohibitions. The occupations which exploit others, which pollutes environment, which damages environment and soil are all prohibited through code of conducts. It thus allows only those occupations which are not only free from violence but Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012 65

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also protects the environment and ecology. It is not the income but the Green income maximization concept is the key of Jainism. Thus the Jain philosophy propounded a life of absolutely no possession to a monk or to a household. There are codes of good conduct and limits of possessions for those who follow 'Desavrata' (renunciation of limited rigor). The violations of the rule of nonpossession are essentially curbing of one's worldly possessions. A person committing essentially theft not only injures the purity of his own soul but also causes pain to the other by taking his thing or property. Truthfulness and honesty are the pre-requisites for practice of aprigraha. In the abstract, attachment is itself aprigraha. Without mental detachment for possession of living and nonliving objects, he should atleast limit them. Such a limitation checks greed which is the main inspiration for acquisition. Conclusions The Jain form of economic organization would thus be based on ethical values and nonviolence. The focus will be on long-run and not on short-run for planning economic growth. It will thus target not only the present generation but also the generations to come. It will have a space for all living and nonliving things of the entire eco-system. This form of economic organization would thus be like spiritual socialism where ultimate aim of life is "atam kalyana" and happiness for all. Jainism offers a therapeutic solution to the modem life of tensions and anxieties through its principle of aprigraha. Truthfulness and honesty are the prerequisites for practice of aprigraha. This form of economic organization prohibits the occupations which exploit others, which pollutes environment, which damages environment and soil all through code of conducts. It thus allows only those occupations which are not only free from violence but also protects and nurtures the environment and ecology. It therefore has strength to develop Humanomics and kind men in true sense. There is thus a need to explore the nature of economic organization based on jain principles to present a solution to the current crises of exploitations, social conflicts and global warming. References: Adam Smith(1776): An Enquire into the Nature and Causes of Wealth of Nation, Marshall, A. (1890): Principles of Economics, Acarya Mahaprajna (2001): Economics of Lord Mahavira, Jain Vishwa Bharti, Ladnun-241306 Bhagavai (Viahapannatti) Vol-3, Acharya Mahaprgya, Jain Vishva Bharati Ladnun241306 Received: Feb. 2011 66 Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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ARHAT VACANA Kundakunda Janapitha, Indorer Vol. - 24, Issue 1, January - March, 2012, 67-74 Relevance of Forgiveness for Psychological Well-Being of Humanity Dr. Saroj Kothari* Abstract Forgiveness is a healing journey for body and soul. Many of the world religions have advocated the concept of forgiveness as a productive response to transgression. Forgiveness is a willful process in which the forgiver chooses not to retaliate but rather responds to the offender in a loving way. The psychological literature tends to focus on the benefits of forgiveness for the forgiver and the role of forgiveness in the therapeutic and healing process. The psychological response that is forgiveness includes the absence of negative effect, judgment, and behaviour towards the perpetrator and the presence of positive effect, judgment and behaviour. Forgiveness is a suite of prosocial motivational changes that occur after a person has incurred a transgression. People who are inclined to forgive their transgressors tend to be more agreeable, more emotionally stable, and more spiritually or religiously inclined. When people forgive, the probabilty of restoring benevolent and harmonious interpersonal relations with their transgressors is increased. Psychological well-being is the state of feeling healthy and happy, having satisfaciton, relaxation, pleasure, and peace of mind. Psychological wellbeing includes majority of characteristics of the healthy person; a sense of control, realistic beliefs, spontaniety and emotional responsiveness, intellectual stimulation, problem solving, creativity and sense of humor. When people forgive a transgressor, they become less motivated by revenge and avoidance and more motivated by benevolence toward the transgressor. The present study examined the role of forgiveness in determining psychological well-being of adults. Transgression-Related Interpesonal Motivations (TRIM-18) Inventory (McCllough, 1998) and Psychological Well-Being (PWB) Scale (Ryff, 1995) were used. The results revealed that forgiveness is a central component of psychological well-being and that it affects all the dimensions of psychological well-being i.e. autonomy, environmetal mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and self acceptance in positive terms. * Professor & Head, Department of Psychology, Government M.L.B. P.G. Girls College, Indore (M.P.)

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Introduction : Relating to others whether strangers, friends, or family-inevitebly exposes people to the risk of being offended or harmed by them. Throughout history and across cultures, people have developed many strategies for responding to such transgessions. Two classic responses are avoidance and revenge-seeking distance from the transgressor or opportunities to harm the transgressor in kind. These responses are common but can have harmful and negative consequences for individuals, relatives and perhaps society as a whole. Psychologists have been investigating interpersonal transgressions and their aftermath for years. However, many of the world's religions have advocated the concept of forgiveness as a productive response to such transgressions, (McCullough & Worhtington, 1999) Forgiveness is a healing journey for both the body and the soul. The first definition for "forgive" in Webster's New Universal Unabridged Dictionary(1983) is to give up resentment against or the desire to punish; to stop being angry with; to pardon". Studzinski (1986) defines forgiveness as a willful process in which the forgiver chooses not to retaliate but rather respond to the offender in a loving way. Forgiveness is further described in the psychological literature as a powerful therapeutic intervention and as an intellectual exercise in which the patient makes a decision to forgive (Fitzgibbons, 1986). In defining forgiveness, the psychological literature tends to focus on the benefits of forgiveness for the forgiver and the role of forgiveness in the therapeutic and healing process, Rowe(1989) emphasizes that the experience of forgiveness is spiritual or transpersonal as well as interpersonal. Canale (1990) views forgiveness as a therapeutic agent in psychotherapy and considers the cognitive dimension of forgiveness. Subkoviak (1992) defines forgiveness from a psycholgical perspective that forgiveness involves the affective, cognitive and behavioural system, that is, how a person forgiving another feels, thinks and behaves towards him or her. The psychological response that is forgiveness includes the absence of negative affect, judgment, and behaviour toward the perpetrator and the presence of postive effect, judgment and behaviour. Forgiveness is a suite of prosocial motivatonal changes that occurs after a person has incurred a transgression. People who are inclined to forgive their transgressors tend to be more agreeable, more emotionally stable, and more spirtitully or religiously inclined. When people forgive, the probability of restoring benevolent and harmonious interpersonal relations with their transgressors is increased. for-give= 'give-for' = to give undeserved gifts. It is about 'giving for someone when they are powerless to give by themselves-transforming the condition and stituation of people and organisations who have lost power or been denied it. It means forgiveness is creative and pro-active. Forgiveness can 68 Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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be likened to wearing spectacles with a type of bi-focal lens. On the one hand, we can focus on the scale of the wrong that someone has done and at the same time-we also see and contribute to the loveliness, life and wellbeing of the wrongdoers. The act of forgiveness is something everyone can learn, though it usually takes time. Genuine forgiveness rather than mere excusing someone is the hardest action in the whole world. We are all fairly good at excusing minor annoyances, but when we are hurt unfairly and deeply by someone we love forgiveness often seems almost impossible. Many divorces occur due to a long series of minor and major hurts that the people concerned never forgave. The bare essence of forgiveness is being willing to give up the resentment and the desire to punish, and to give up the anger that you feel towards a person or an act. Forgiveness is not merely a soft attitude toward a harsh act; forgiveness is the vital action of love, seeking to restore the harmony that has been shattered. Forgiveness means that we are not going to allow the experiences of the past to dominate our future. Steps of forgiveness a. Remembering in detail what happened and how it made you feel b. Understanding the other person c. Identifying the reasons that prevent you from being forgiving. d. Choosing to accept the responsibility for your life and choosing to detech yourself from your expectations and the reasons that keep you from being forgiving e. Creating the act of release as a ritual of letting go and forgiving, for example, shaking hands, hugging, burning lists of what the others person did wrong. Clinical psychology has focused primarily on the diagnosis and treatment of mental disease, and only recently has scientific attention turned to understanding and cultivating positive mental health. Quality of life has been used interchangeably with such terms as well-being, psychological well-being, happiness, life-satisfaction, positive and negative effect, and the good life (Cheng, 1988, Evans, 1994, George, 1992). Well-being is not just about the lack of disease or illness or the absence or anxiety or depression. Well-being is a state of complete physical, mental and social health. In 1958 the public health specialist Dr. Halbert L Dunn wrote about 'high level' wellness. He recognised that this would only be achieved if we could stop being obsessed with disease, cure and prevention and move towards 'positive health; Psychological well-being is the state of feeling healthy and happy, having satisfaction, relaxation, pleasure, and peace of mind. psychological well-being Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012 69

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deals with people's fellings about everday experiences in usual activities. Such feelings may range from negative mental states or psychological strains such as anxiety, depression, frustration, emotional exhaustion, unhappiness, dissatisfaction to a state which has been identified as positive mental health. (Jahoda 1958 Warr, 1978). Well-being or wellness is often referred to as "whole-ness of body, mind and spirit in terms of health, prosperity and selfactualization" (Maslow, 1968). According to Fromm (1976) well bing is only possible to the degree to which one is open, responsive, sensitive, awake and empty. According to Witmer and Sweeney(1992) psychological well-being includes majority of characteristics of the healthy person; a sense of control, realistic beliefs, spontaniety and emotional responsiveness, intellectual stimulation, problem solving, creativity and sense of humor. As Nagpal and Sell (1985) observe all indicators of psychological well-being have objective and subjective componetnts. The objective components relate to concerns that are generally known by the term standards of living. However, individual satisfaction of happiness with objective reality depends not only on the access to goods and services that are available to the community but also on his expectations and perceived reality. It is this subjective component which links the concept of life to subjective well-being, Every one yearns to lead a good life and even desires for a life that is peaceful, happy and meaningful. Clinebell (1995) has noted that the aim of life is to be fully born, though its tragedy is that most of us die before we are thus born. Forgiveness is prosocial changes in people's transgression related interpersonal motivations toword a transgressor. When people forgive a transgressor, they become less motivated by revenge and avoidance and more motivated by benevolence toward the transgressor(McCullough et al., 1998; McCullough, Worhtington & Rachal, 1997). Forgiveness has been associated with interpersonal relationships between the forgiver and the transgressor (McCullough et. al, 1998) Forgiveness is positively associated with psychological well-being, because forgiveness helps people maintain and restore close relationships (Brown, 2003; Freedman & Enright, 1996) An unforgiving attitude is destructive to personal relationships, especially marital relationships which are destroyed not so much by what has been done but by what hasn't been done i.e. -forgiving one another. Genuine forgiveness, is the hardest action in the whole world. We are all fairly good at excusing minor annoyances, but when we are hurt unfairly and deeply by someone we love, forgiveness often seems almost impossible. Al-Mabuk, Enright, & Cardis, 1995; Coyle & Enright (1997) Forgiving might also involve reductions in hostility. McCullough (1998) found that people who were more forgiving of people who had recently transgressed against them had higher levels of satisfaction with life. Many religious and value systems assume that forgiveness is a source of human strength, yielding interpersonal, mental or physicsl benefits. 70 Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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METHOD Participants : Participants were 100 adults. Procedure: Participants were given to read brief description of the study. If a participant chose to participate, (a) the researcher explained that he/she would have to complete a brief questionnaire about the most recent occassion in their life when somone hurt or offended him/her (b) Completion of the Transgression-Related Interpersonal Motivations (TRIM) Inventory (McCullough et al., 1998), (c) completion of a final questionnaire about Psychological Well-Being (PWB) Scale (Ryff, 1995). Afterward, partcipants were thanked for participating. Measures: Transgression-Related Interpersonal Motivations (TRIM) Inventory In the present study we used the TRIM-18 Inventory (McCullough, 1998). The TRIM is self-report instrument that assesses the motivations assumed to underlie forgiving: The seven item avoidance subscale measures motivation to avoid a transgressor, the five item revenge subscale measress motivation to seek revenge, and a six item suoscale for measuring benevolence motivation. Items are rated on 5-point Likert type scale(I=strongley disagree to 5=strongly agree). Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWB) Ryff, 1995 Carol Ryff conceptualized psychological well-being as consisting of 6 dimensions-autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life and self-acceptance. 42 Items are rated on a 6 point likert scale. Higher scores on each sub-scale indicate greater wellbeing on that dimension. RESULTS Descriptive Statistics Means, standard deviations, and C.R. test appear in Table-1 Table 1 Mean Differences on the Measures of Psychological Well-Being between Forgivers Dimensions of Psychological Low Forgiveness High Forgiveness C.R. well-Being M SD M SD 1. Autonomy 75.83 6.28 102.73 8.03 18-68** 2. Environmental Mastery 105.71 6.41 119.92 8.12 9.72** 3. personal Growth 117.18 5.17 123.26 7.03 4.93** 4. Positive Relations with others 125.79 6.25 162.30 9.45 22.79 ** 5. Purpose in Life 115.24 6.23 148.61 7.54 23.99** 6. Self Acceptance 81.20 5.26 90.54 6.35 8.00** Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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DISCUSSION : The main objective of the present research was to investigate the role of forgiveness in psychological well-being of adults Table 1 indicates that forgiveness is positively associated with psychological well-being. The findings indicate that the high scorer in forgiveness is self determining and independent, able to resist social pressures, to think and act in certain ways, regulates behaviour from within, evaluates self by personal standards. High scorer has a sense of mastery and competence in manging the environment, controls complex array of external activities, makes effective use of surrounding opportunities is able to choose or create contexts suitable to personal needs and values. Forgiver enjoys a feeling of sustained development, sees self as growing and expanding, is open to new experiences, has sense of realising his or her potential, sees improvement in self and behaviour over time, is changing in ways that reflect more self knowledge and effectiveness. High scorer has warm, satisfying, trusting relationships with others, is concerned about the welfare of others, is capable of strong empathy, affection and intimacy, understands give and take of human relationships. High scorer has goals in life and a sense of directedness, feels there is meaning to present and past life, helds beliefs that give life purpose, has aims and objectives for living. The high scorer possesses a positive attitude toward the self, acknowledges and accepts multiple aspects of self, including good and bad qualities, feels positive about past life. Table shows that the significant difference among all the measures of psychological well-being i.e. Autonomy (18.68**), Environmental Mastey (9.72**) Personal growth (4.93**), Positive relations with others (22.79**), purpose in life (23.99**), and self acceptance (8.00**) in low forgivers and high forgivers. Results clearly indicate that forgiveness is the central component of psychological well-being and that it affects all the dimensions of psychological well-being. Stanford Forgiveness Projects (Luskin, Fred 1998-2006) The Stanford Forgiveness Projects are a series of research project that investigate the effectiveness of a specific forgiveness methodology. In each study people who had an unresolved hurt were taught to forgive in a group format through lecture, guided imagery, cognitive disputation and discussion. Results showed after forgiveness training decrease in feelings of hurt, reduction in long term experience of anger, reduction in physical symptoms of stress, decrease in emotional experience of stress, decrease in depression, increase in optimism, increase in physical vitality and increase in forgiveness towards person that hurt them was significantly noted. REASONS FOR FORGIVING BENEFITS OF FORGIVENESS 1. Forgiveness is a healing journey for both the body and the soul. 2. Forgiveness is the great transformer of human relationships-personal, social, institutional or economic. And because it is so central to improved Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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relationships, we need to seek it and approach it with awareness that it leeds to the richness of all relationships. 3. Reduces anger, stress, feelings of hurt, emotional experience of stress and depression. 4. Willingness to forgive is associated with a lower blood pressure, a lower heart rate and a reduced workload for the heart muscle. 5. Forgiveness is powerful therapeutic intervention and as an intellectual exercise in which the patient makes a decision to forgive. 6. The psychological response that is forgiveness includes the presence of positve affect, judgment and behaviour. 7. People who are inclined to forgive theier transgressors tend to be more aggreable, more emotionally stable, and more spiritually or religioulsy inclined. 8. When people forgive, the probability restoring benevolent and harmonious interpersonal relations with their transgressors is increased. 9. People who were more forgiving of people who had recently transgressed against them had higher levels of satisfaction with life. 10. Many religious and value systems assume that forgiveness is a source of human strength, yielding interpersonal, mental or physical benefits. 11. Forgiveness invlolves re-establishment of positive motivations toward transgressors. When someone hurts you and refuses to apologize, and even if this means that the relationship cannot be repaired, you can still offer forgiveness for the sake of your own mental health. REFFRENCES: Al-Mabuk, R.H., Enright, R.D., & Cardis, P.A. (1995) Forgiveness education with parentally love-deprived late adolescents. Journal of moral education, 24, 427-444. Brown, R.P. (2003) Measuring individual differences in the tendency to forgive : construct validity and links with depression, personality and social psychology Bulletin, 29, 759-771. Canale(1990) Defining forgiveness adapted from the book Leaving Yesterday Behind by Bill Hines. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Cheng (1988), Evans (1994), George (1992) Health promotion, wllness programs, quality of life and the marketing of psychology, Canadian Psychology, Feb. 1997 by Evans, David R. Clinebell, H. (1995) well-being-a personal plan for exploring and enriching the seven dimensions of life. Peoples well-being center, Inc. University of Philippines, Quezon City, Phillopines. Coyle, C.T. & Enright, R.D. (1997) Forgiveness intervention with post-abortion men. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 65(6), 1042-1046. 8. Fitzgibbons (1986) Defining forgiveness adapted from the book Leaving yesterday Behind by Bill Hines. Freedman, S.R., & Enright, R.D. (1996) Forgiveness as an intervention goal with incest survivors. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 64, 510-517. 9. Fromm, E. (1976) to have or to be, New York: Harper & Row. 10. Jahoda, M. (1958) Current concepts of positive mental health, New York, Basic Books. Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012 73

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11. 12. 13. 14. 1 222 22 15. 16. 17. 18. 20. 21. Luskin, Fred(2006) Stanford Forgiveness Projects http://www.hawaiiforgivenessproject.org/stanford.htm. Maslow, A. (1968) Towards a psychology of being, New York: Viking. McCullough, M.E.(1998) Transgression Related Interpersonal Motivations Inventory (TRIM18) Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 2006, vol.74, No.5,887-897. McCullough, M.E., Rachal, K.C., Sandage, S.J. Worthington, E.I. Brown, S.W., & Height, T.L. (1998) Interpersonal forgiving in close relationships. II: Theoretical elaboration and measurement. Journal of personality and social psychology, 75, 1856-1603. McCullough, M.E. & Worthington, E.L. (1999) Religion and the forgiving personality, Journal of personality, 67, 1141-1164. 19. Ryff, C.D. (1995) Psychological well-being in adult life. Current directions in psychological science, 4,99-104. McCullough M.E. Worthington, E.L., & Rachal, K.C. (1997) Interpersonal forgiving in close relationships. Journal of personality and social psychology, 73, 321-336. 74 Nagpal, R. and Sell, H. (1985) Subjective well-being, New Delhi: World Health Organization. Rowe Halling, Davies Leifer, Powers & Van Bronkhorst (1989) Defining forgiveness adapted from the book Leaving Yesterday Behind by Bill Hines. Studzinski(1986) Defining forgiveness adapted from the book Leaving Yesterday Behind by Bill hines. Subkoviak, Enrignt(1992) Defining forgiveness adapted from the book Leaving Yesterday Behind by Bill Hines. Warr, P.B.(1978) A study of psychological well-being, British Journal of Psychology, 69, 111-121. 23. Webster's new universal unabridged dictionary(1983) New York: Dorset and Baker. 24. Witmer, M. & Sweeney (1992) a holistic model of wellness and prevention over the life span. Journal of counselling and Development, 71, 140-148. Received: 15.12.10 Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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ARHAT VACANA Kundakunda Janapitha, Indorer Vol. - 24, Issue-1, January - March, 2012, 75-81 Logical Analysis of 'Minimum' and 'Maximum' in Jainism Samani Chaitypragya * Abstract The present study aims at defining, describing and logically analysing the concept of minimum and maximum in jainism. It hypothises that the concept of minimum and maximum is relative. Through method of logical analysis of the basic four questions related to the concept minimum and maximum as described in Jaina texts and various illustrations it concludes that the concept of minimum and maximum in jaina philosophy is relative. Introduction The concept of infinity itself is riddled with paradoxes according to Moore. They are as follows: The paradoxes of infinitely small, the paradoxes of infinitely big, the paradoxes of one and many, the paradoxes of thought about infinite. All these paradoxes of infinite occur if we consider infinitely small and big as absolute. Jaina theory of relativity predominantly plays its key role in almost all the aspects of its philosophy. It is also true in the case of Jaina Mathematics. Jaina canons have a detailed theory of Arithmatics and Computations. The unique concept of Jaina mathematics is that neither minimum nor maximum is zero in Jainism. In fact the concept of zero does not exist in Jainism. The number or counting starts from one and not from two. The minimum number technically called jaganya sankhya is valued as two and the maximum technically called as ananta is or infinte. The present study is an effort to study and search the logical basis for these contentions. It deals with four basic problems of number theory in Jainism as follows: 1. Why minimum counting starts from 2 ? 2. Why "O" is not a number? 3. Can infinte be classified? 4. Is Absolute infinte possible? Before solving the above problems, let us have a glimpse of Jaina theory of numbers in brief. The numbers in Jainism are divided into three categories : 1. sankhyata, (Numerable) 2. asankhyata, (Innumerable) 3. ananta, (Infinte) The numerable numbers are again divded into three catogories : minimum, intermediate and maximum. The innumerable numbers are also divded into three subclasses : low-grade, self-raised and innumerable- innumerable. Each of the * Assistant Professor, Jain Vishva Bharati University, Ladnun-341306 Rajasthan

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three innumerable sub-classes is again divided into minimum, intermediate and maximum. The infinite is also divided first into three sub-classes : low-grade, self raised and infinite-infinite and then first two sub-classes are further divided as minimum, intermediate and maximum while third sub-class, infinite-infinite, is minimum and intermediate only, there is no maximum in the case of infiniteinfinite. The chart no.1 from that which is is of a help to have a overview of Jaina way of classification of numbers. mas TE Sell Raised raised Ini Chart 1 Classification of Numbers in Jainism The classification given in the chart-1 does not stop here, each of them is again divided into three kinds; minimum, intermediate and maximum except numberable. Thus from this classification the minimum number is (countable) 'sankhya', jaganya sankhyata, (Minimum Numerable) which has been valued as 'two'. Digambara and Swetambara texts differ in the classification of numbers. The Swetambara texts such as Thanam the classes of numbers are as follows: kati - 2 to numerable akati - innumerable to Infinite avaktavya - one Here kati refers to Numbers, akati refers to beyond numbers, avaktavya connotes not being a sankhya, as "one' is not a sankhya, one is avaktavya. The Digambaras classify the numbers as follows krti - 3 and more nokrti - one avaktavya - two With all these differences, there is yet a general concept acceped in the tradition that, states that minimum countable number is two and 0 is not a number and infinite is relative in nature. 1. Why Minimum Counting Starts From 2 ? One is not a (countable) 'sankhya', this is a common concept in jaina text. As sankhya means to count. The counting starts from 2. Thus the minimum number remains 2, As seen in Anuyogadaraim and Lokaprakasa the reason given for this varies from text to text. The Anuyogadaraim text argues that 1 is number but not in the category of counting. That is to say it is not a countable number because it is not practically counted in day to day life. Lokaprakasa on 16 Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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the other hand contends that since the square of the 1 does not increase the number i.e. (1x1=1) as in the case of two (2x2=4, 3x3=9) and more thus it is not considered as (countable) 'sankhya'. That can be explained as follows: kriti - ax? - Vx2) > X2 - 3 and more nokriti - X-a x+y) ay is one or more than one - one avaktavya - neither applicable - 2 Thus avaktavya remains the minimum countable number. 2. Why "0" Is Not A Number? Zero is not considered as a number in Jainism. It is common in both the traditions that they donot consider zero a number. The existence of an entity, cannot be in zero. This absence of existence is an impossible event, never to happen in this world. The modes might change, but 'existence' is blessed with eternality. It is not possible, that what is' becomes 'is not'. If one loses its existence, they cannot come to being again. By this process the world will become zero one day. This is an unreal dream. The dispute zero can also be analyzed from a scientific view. A simple scientific value of heat could be a good example, to explain the unit of zerovalue, quoted by Mr. Gelada "Generally we start from zero degree Celsius and start measuring. But when it is frozen at 0degC, does it mean the heat is totally absent in it? This is not so. Thus we use the absolute scale of heat which is Kelvin' According to this ice possesses 273K heat. K means the ultimate zero. In the field of science, a postulate has been given that there is nothing equal to degK. It is not a reality"? The concept of minmum in Jainism is relative. In order to understand how is the concept of minimum is relative in jainism we must understand what relative and absolute minimum is. The figure below no.1 clearly depicts what is meant by relative minimumRelative and Absolute Minimum The lowest point over the entire domain of a function or relation is absolute. Note: The first derivative test and the second derivative test are common methods used to find minimum values of a function and maximum in Jainism which are relative as in following figure. Hata Yes Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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Thus the concept of minimum being relative can be deduced. Minimum depends on the object for which it is assigned as depicted in Table no.2 Table No. 2 Logical basis for value assigned to minimum Nature of Objects for which Minimum value in Minimum value is Assigned Numerical form non existent For single existent For multi existent from the above table and discussion it can be concluded that since the concept of minimum in Jainism is relative, it has not considerd 0 or 1 as minimum countable number as shown in table 2 3. Can Infinite be classified ? The infinite has always stirred the emotions of mankind more deeply than any other question not only beacuse the infinite has stimulated and fertilized reason as only atew few other ideas have: but also the infinite, more than any other notion is the need of clarification. The word ananta is etymologically defined in savartha siddhas "avidyamanonto yeisham te anantah" that which does not end is infinte" where as Dhavala defines it as "jo rasi egegar7ve avijjamane, nittadi so asankhejja, jo pulta na samappai so asl ananto" The set of numbers that can be reduced to empty set by removal of each of its member subsequently is known as innumerable, where that which never gets emptied is infinite. If we compare the classificaton of infinite with innumerable, The highest value according to Jainism is intermediate-infinite-infinite. There are eight kinds of infinite The concept of infinite (ananta is relative in Jainism. Infinite is of nine types as stated in anuyogadaraim which clearly stated that infinte in Jainism is mainly relative. The mximum value according lo Jainism is Infinte (ananta). In Jainism Infinite is defined as that amount which does not come to an end. Relative Maximum, The highest point in a particular section of a graph.10 Relative Maximum, = local Maximum, Global Maximum = Absolute Maximum Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012 18

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The highest point over the entire domain of a function of relation. The truly infinite does not exist." As Ali Enayat and Roman Kossak opines, Non absolute concept of 1 is model dependent in contrast to the is something absolute 1 which is not a set of all sets. Cla 4. Is Absolute Infinite possible? From the comparison of the classification of infinite with ihe classification of infinite : innumerable is classified into nine types where as infinite has been in to only eight types. The ninth type maximum innumerable innumerable similar set of infinite ) is absent or mising which seems to conceptually highest value. This absence of the maximum infinite infinite in the naturaal classification of numbers proves the absence to absolute infinite. Cantor2 contends that infinte is not possible, because as soon as it is symbolised, it turns to be finite. Therefore the truly) infinite is impossible. , n etc. all for some reason are finite. Inconsistant totalities which on the ground of understanding do not really exist. For ex. 2 and sets of all sets. Thus infinte is not possible. But this must be understood only absolute infinite Sense. Because sets of all sets is the other term for Absolute infinite. More over if <<, n, etc. be a finite, then there would be no difference between infinite and an infinite set. Hence they must be accepted as relative infinite. Wittgeinste on the other hand Factual world - Infinite what could be said )=S Possible world - a infinte could what be shown)=A to I Logical world - a infinite what could be thought) =liu 7x13 Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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Accoding to Michel Potter!4 u Every finite set is countable where infinty is countable but not finite. If the function A onto B. A is countable then B is countable. A set is said to be countably infinite if it is both countable and infinite. The set of natural numbers is countably infinite proposition o X o countably infinite. For proof consider the function which maps any finite string n,, n..... n Thus to exclude or overcome the fallacy of Law of excluded middle Moore in his the infinite proves it through a syllogisms. If some << is true then no << becomes false There exists some infinite Therefore no infinite is false The recent concept of relative and absolute infinite would assist the Jaina conept of infinity for better comprhenstion. According to Ali Enayat and Roman Kossak' A set is absolutely uncountable when this property is not in the model but in real world can be studied by non-formal mathematics a i.e it is an infinite set that is by contrast of something that is model dependent)*" Non absolute concept by contrast is something that is model dependent'. The eight kinds of infinte explained in Jaina scriptures are relative. The ninth which goes to absolute is absent. Conclusion Thus the study concludes that the concept of minimum and maximum in Jainism are relative as it is Realistic philosophy. * O does not exist. hence cannot be minimum * Since infinite is also relative there can be its types which can be proved through diagrams encompassed. * The existence of absolute infinite must also be admitted at least in the logical world. * As Ali Enayat and Roman Kossak opines, Non absolure concept of I is model dependent in contrast to the is something absolute I which is not :: = x/ Ina = a set of all sets. Reference : 1. A.W. Moore, The Infinite, Routledge London, 1990 2. Nathmal Tatia That which is, english translation of Tattvartha Sutra p. 266 c.f. Anuyoga daraim 596-603 commentary p. 332 Thanam, 3.7 ed by Muni Nathmala, Jain Vishva Bharati, Ladnun, 1976 tiviha neraiya Panntta, akati sancita, akati sancita, avaktvy sancita 4. Commentary of Thanam, ed by Muni Nathmala, p.261 5. Anuyogadaraim, 574 vitti of haribhadra, p. 109 6. Lokaprakasa, 4. 310-312 Mahavira Raja Gelada, Jain Vidya Aur Vigyan, p. 219. Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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8. 9. 10. 11. Savartha siddhi, 5.9.275 Anuyogadaraim, 515-19 Note: The first derivative test and the second derivative test are common methods used to find maximum values of a function. A.W. Moore, The Infinite, routledge, 1990, 2nd 2001 p. 206 Cantor, Goerg, Contributions To the Founding of the Theory of Transfinite Numbers, Trans. Philip E.B. Jourdain, New York, 1955 A.W. Moore The Infinite, 2001, p. 198 Set Theory and Its Philosophy, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2004, p. 113 A.W.Moore, Infinite p.209 Contemporary Mathematics, Nonstandard Model Of Arithmatic and Set Theory, American Mathematical Society, 2003, p. 2q 13. 14. 15. 16. Received : 27.03.11 boharA jaina ke itihAsa kA saMkalana jainadharma ke sabhI sampradAyoM meM boharA samAja ke 84 gotroM kI jAnakArI milatI hai| boharA bhUracaMda jaina dvArA digambara, zvetAmbara, sthAnakavAsI evaM terApaMthI AmnAya ke boharA jainabaMdhuoM dvArA aneka dhArmika, sAmAjika, sAMskRtika, zaikSaNika kArya kiye gaye haiN| unakA saMkalana kiyA jA rahA hai| vistRta jAnakArI hetu samparka sUtra boharA bhUracaMda jaina arihaMta bhavana, sadara bAjAra bAr3amera - 344001 phona : 02982-220430 mobA. : 09530249662 Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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14. General Instructions and Information for Contributors Arhat Vacana publishes original papers, reviews of books & essays, summaries of Dissertations and Ph.D. Thesis, reports of Meetings/Symposiums/Seminars/ Conferences etc. Papers are published on the understanding that they have been neither published earlier nor have been offered to any journal for publication. The manuscript (in duplicate) should be sent to the following addressDr. Anupam Jain, Editor - Arhat Vacana 'Gyan Chhaya', D-14, Sudamanagar, INDORE -452 009, e-mail : anupamjain3@rediffmail.com The manuscript must be typed on one side of the durable white paper, in double spacing and with wide margin. the title page should contain the title of the paper, name and full address of the author. It is prefered to submit the MSS electronically through C.D. or email in MS Word in addition to the above. The author must provide a short abstract in duplicate, not exceeding 250 words, summarising and highlighting the principal findings covered in the paper. Foot-notes should be indicated by superior number running sequentially through the text. All references should be given at the end of the text. The following guidelines should be strictly followed. (i) References to books should include author's full name, complete and unabbreviated title of the books (underlined to indicate italics), volume, edition (if necessary), publisher's name, place of publication, year of publication and page number cited. For example - Jain, Laxmi Chandra, Exact Sciences from Jaina Sources, Basic Mathematics, Vol.-1, Rajasthan Prakrit Bharati Sansthan, Jaipur, 1982, pp. XVI (ii) References to articles in periodicals should mention author's name, title of the article, title of the periodical, underlined volume, issue number if required), page number and year. For example - Gupta, R.C., Mahaviracarya on the Perimeter and Area of Elipse, The Mathematics Education, 8 (B), PP. 17-20, 1974. (iii) In case of similar citations, full reference should be given in the first citation. In the succeeding citation abbreviated version of the title and author's name may be used. For example - Jain, Exact Sciences, PP. 45 etc. Line sketches should be made with black ink on white board of tracing paper. Photographic prints should be glossy with strong contrast. Acknowledgements, if there be, are to be placed at the end of the paper, just before reference. Only ten copies of the reprints will be given free of charge to those authors, who subscribe. Additional copies, on payment, may be ordered as soon as it is accepted for publication. Devanagari words, if written in Roman Script, should be underlined and transliteration system should be adopted. Arhat Vacana, 24 (1), 2012 10.

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arhat vacana kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura paricaya dAnavIra seTha mANikacandra # satIza jaina* sArAMza zvetapicchAcArya AcArya zrI vidyAnanda jI mahArAja kI preraNA se 23-10-11 ko dillI meM dAnavIra seTha zrI mANikacandra kA 160vAM janma jayantI samAroha Ayojita kiyA gyaa| yaha paricaya isa zrRMkhalA meM prakAzita kiyA gayA hai| seTha mANikacandra jaina kA cintana Aja bhI utanA hI prAsaMgika hai jitanA 100 varSa pUrva thA / sampAdaka dAnavIra seTha mANikacandra kA janma seTha hIrAcandra evaM mAtA bijalIbAI ke ghara sUrata meM dhana terasa ( dhyAna terasa) ke zubha dina saMvat 1908 meM huA thaa| seThajI na aMgrejI ke vidvAn the aura na saMskRta ke, ve sAdhAraNa bhASA kA par3hanA-likhanA jAnate the parantu unhoMne apane jIvana meM jo kucha kiyA hai usase bAbU varga aura paNDitagaNa donoM hI bahuta kucha zikSA prApta kara sakate haiN| ve apane anukaraNIya caritra se batalA gaye haiM ki kathanI kI apekSA karanI kA mUlya adhika hai-jJAna kI apekSA AcaraNa adhika AdaraNIya hai| unakA anubhava bahuta bar3hA car3hA thaa| jainasamAja ke viSaya meM jitanA jJAna unako thA utanA bahuta thor3e logoM ko hogaa| kabhI-kabhI unake vicAra sunakara kahanA par3atA thA ki anubhava ke Age pustakoM aura akhabAroM kA jJAna bahuta hI kama mUlya kA hai| yadi saMkSepa meM pUchA jAya ki seThajI ne apane jIvana meM kyA kiyA ? to isakA uttara yahI hogA ki jaina samAja meM jo vidyA kI pratiSThA lupta ho gaI thI, usako inhoMne phira se sthApita kara diyA aura jagaha-jagaha usakI upAsanA kA prArambha karA diyaa| seThajI ke hRdaya meM vidyA ke prati asAdhAraNa bhakti thii| yadyapi ve svayaM vidyAvAn na the, to bhI to vidyA ke samAna mUlyavAn vastu unakI dRSTi meM aura koI na thii| unhoMne apanI sArI zaktiyoM ko isI mA~ sarasvatI kI sevA meM niyukta kara diyA thaa| unake hAtha se jo kucha dAna huA hai, usakA adhikAMza isI paramopAsanIya devI ke caraNoM meM samarpita huA hai, bAda meM to unakI yaha vidyAbhakti itanI bar3ha gaI thI ki usane seThajI ko kaMjUsa banA diyA thaa| jisa saMsthA ke dvArA yA jisa kAma ke dvArA vidyA kI unnati na ho, usameM logoM ke lihAja yA dabAva se yadyapi ve kucha-na-kucha dene ko lAcAra hote the parantu ve usa dAna se vAstavika Ananda kA anubhava nahIM kara pAte the / seThajI ke hRdaya meM yaha bAta acchI taraha jama gaI thI ki aMgrejI skUloM aura kAlejoM meM jo zikSA dI jAtI hai, vaha dharmajJAnazUnya hotI hai unameM se bahuta kama vidyArthI aise nikalate haiM jo dharmAtmA aura apane dharma kA abhimAna rakhane vAle hoN| apanI jAti aura samAja ke prati bhI unake hRdaya meM Adara utpanna nahIM hotA hai parantu vartamAna samaya meM yaha zikSA anivArya hai| aMgrejI par3he binA aba kAma nahIM cala sakatA hai, isalie koI aisA upAya karanA cAhie jisase unake hRdaya meM dharma kA aMkura utpanna ho sake | isake lie Apane "jaina borDiMga skUla" kholanA aura unameM skUla-kaoNleja ke arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 83 -

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vidyArthiyoM ko rakhakara unheM pratidina eka ghaMTA dharmazikSA denA lAbhakArI smjhaa| isa ora Apane itanA adhika dhyAna diyA aura itanA prayatna kiyA ki isa samaya digambara - samAja meM unake dvArA sthApita 25 borDiMga skUla kAma kara rahe haiN| saMskRta pAThazAlAoM kI ora bhI ApakA dhyAna gyaa| saMskRta kI unnati Apa hRdaya se cAhate the, Apane saMskRta ke lie bahuta kucha kiyA / banArasa kI syAdvAda pAThazAlA ne Apake hI artha sahayoga se cirasthAyinI saMsthA kA rUpa dhAraNa kiyA hai| Apake borDiMga skUloM meM ve vidyArthI prathama sthAna pAte haiM, jinakI dUsarI bhASA saMskRta rahatI thI aura saMskRta ke kaI vidyArthiyoM ko ApakI ora se chAtravRttiyA~ bhI milatI thii| apane dAna se ve jaina parIkSAlaya ko sthAyI banA gaye / seThajI bahuta hI udArahRdaya the| AmnAya aura sampradAyoM kI zocanIya saMkIrNatA unameM na thI / unheM apanA digambara sampradAya pyArA thA parantu sAtha hI zvetAmbara sampradAya ke logoM se bhI unheM kama prema na thA / ve yadyapi bIsapaMthI the, para terahapaMthiyoM se apane ko judA na samajhate the| unake bambaI ke borDiMga skUla meM saikar3oM zvetAmbarI aura sthAnakavAsI vidyArthiyoM ne rahakara lAbha uThAyA hai| eka sthAnakavAsI vidyArthI ko unhoMne vilAyata jAne ke lie acchI sahAyatA bhI dI thii| unakI suprasiddha dharmazAlA hIrAbAga meM nirAmiSamojI kisI bhI hindU ko sthAna diyA jAtA thaa| sAmpradAyika aura dhArmika lar3AiyoM se unheM bahuta ghRNA thii| unakI prakRti bar3I hI zAntipriya thii| pAThaka pUcheMge ki yadi aisA thA to ve mukadamebAjI meM siddhahasta rahanevAlI tIrthakSetra kameTI ke mahAmaMtrI kyoM the? isakA uttara yaha hai ki ve isa kArya ko lAcAra hokara karate the, para ve isase dukhI the aura anta taka dukhI rahe / tIrthakSetra kameTI kA kAma unhoMne isalie apane sira liyA thA ki isase tIrthakSetroM meM suprabandha sthApita hogA, vahA~ ke dhana kI rakSA aura sadupayoga hogaa| yAtriyoM ko ArAma milegA aura dharma kI vRddhi hogii| isa icchA ko kArya meM pariNata karane ke lie unhoMne prayatna bhI bahuta kiye aura unameM saphalatA bhI bahuta kucha milii| kucha aise kAraNa mile aura samAja ne apane vicArapravAha meM unheM aisA bahAyA ki unheM mukadameM lar3ane hI par3e-para yaha nizcaya hai ki isase unheM kabhI prasannatA nahIM huI / apane DhAI lAkha ke aMtima dAna-patra meM tIrthakSetroM kI rakSA ke lie 7 / 100 bhAga de gaye haiM, parantu usameM sApha zabdoM meM likha gaye haiM ki isameM se eka paisA bhI mukaddamoM meM na lagAyA jAya, isase sirpha tIrthoM kA prabaMdha sudhArA jAya / , jainagranthoM ke chapAne aura unake pracAra karane ke lie seThajI ne bahuta prayatna kiyA thaa| yadyapi svayaM Apane bahuta kama pustakeM chapAI thIM parantu pustaka prakAzakoM kI Apane bahuta jI kholakara sahAyatA kI thii| una dinoM meM jaba chape hue granthoM kI bahuta kama bikrI hotI thI, taba seThajI pratyeka chapI huI pustaka kI Der3ha-Der3ha sau do-do sau pratiyA~ ekasAtha kharIda liyA karate the, jisase prakAzakoM, ko bahuta bar3I sahAyatA mila jAtI thii| isake lie Apane apane caupATI ke candraprabha- caityAlaya meM eka pustakAlaya khola rakhA thA usake dvArA Apa svayaM pustakoM kI bikrI karate the aura isa kAma meM apanI kisI taraha kI beijjatI na samajhate the| jainagrantha-ratnAkara kAryAlaya to ApakA bahuta bar3A upakAra hai| yadi ApakI sahAyatA na hotI, to Aja vaha vartamAna svarUpa ko zAyada hI prApta kara paataa| Apa chApe ke pracAra ke kaTTara pakSapAtI the parantu isake lie lar3AI-jhagar3A, khaMDana-maMDana Apako bilkula hI pasaMda na thA / jina dinoM akhabAroM meM chApe kI carcA calatI thI, una dinoM Apa hameM akasara samajhAte the ki "bhAI, tuma vyartha hI kyoM lar3ate ho ? apanA kAma kiye jaao| jo zakti lar3ane meM lagAte ho, vaha isameM lgaao| tumheM saphalatA prApta hogii| sArA virodha zAnta ho jaaegaa|' - 84 arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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seThajI ke kAmoM ko dekhakara Azcarya hotA hai ki eka sAdhAraNa par3he-likhe dhanika para naye samaya kA aura usake anusAra kAma karane kA itanA adhika prabhAva kaise par3a gyaa| jina kAmoM meM jainasamAja kA koI bhI dhanika kharca karane ko taiyAra nahIM ho sakatA, una kAmoM meM seThajI ne bar3e utsAha se dravya kharca kiyaa| digambara jaina-DAyarekTarI-eka aisA hI kAma thaa| isameM seThajI ne lagabhaga 15 hajAra rupaye lgaaye| dUsare dhanika nahIM samajha sakate ki DAyarekTarI kyA cIja hai aura usase jainasamAja ko kyA lAbha hogaa| vilAyata eka "jaina-chAtrAvAsa" banavAne kI ora bhI seThajI kA dhyAna thA parantu vaha pUrA na ho skaa| dhanavaibhava kA mada yA abhimAna seThajI ko chU taka na gayA thaa| isa viSaya meM Apa jaina-samAja meM advitIya the| garIba-se-garIba grAmINa jainI se bhI Apa bar3I prasannatA se milate the-usase bAtacIta karate the aura usakI tathA usake grAma kI saba hAlAta jAna lete the| Apa zAma ke do ghaMTe prAya: isI kArya meM vyatIta karate the| saikar3oM kosoM kI dUrI se Aye hue yAtrI jisa taraha ApakI kIrtikahAniyA~ sunA karate the, usI taraha pratyakSa meM bhI pAkara aura muMha se cAra zabda sunakara apane ko kRtakRtya samajhane lagate the| ApakA vyavahAra itanA sarala aura abhimAna-rahita thA ki dekhakara Azcarya hotA thaa| vilAsitA aura ArAmatalabI dhanikoM ke pradhAna guNa haiM parantu ye donoM bAteM Apa meM na thii| Apa bahuta hI sAdagI se rahate the aura parizrama se prema rakhate the| 63 varSa kI umra taka Apa savere se lekara rAta 11 baje taka kAma meM lage rahate the| Alasya Apake pAsa khar3A na hotA thaa| parizrama se ghRNA na hone ke kAraNa hI ApakA svAsthya bahuta acchA rahatA thaa| ApakI zarIra-sampatti aMta taka acchI rahI-zarIra se Apa sadA sukhI rahe / seThajI kI dAnavIratA prasiddha hai| usake viSaya meM yahA~ para kucha likhane kI jarUrata nhiiN| apane jIvana meM unhoMne lagabhaga pA~ca lAkha rupayoM kA dAna kiyA hai, jo unake jIvanacarita meM prakAzita ho cukA hai| usake sivAya abhI unake svargavAsa ke bAda mAlUma huA ki seThajI eka-do lAkha rupaye kA bar3A bhArI dAna aura bhI kara gaye haiM, jisakI bAkAyadA rajisTrI bhI ho cukI hai| bambaI meM isa rakama kI eka AlIzAna imArata hai, jisakA kirAyA 1100 mahInA vasUla hotA hai / yaha dravya upadezakabhaMDAra, parIkSAlaya, tIrtharakSA, chAtravRttiyA~ Adi upayogI kAryoM meM lagAyA jaaegaa| isakA lagabhaga AdhA arthAt pA~ca sau rupayA mahInA vidyArthiyoM ko milegaa| seThajI ke kina-kina guNoM kA smaraNa kiyA jAe ? ve guNoM ke AkAra the| unake pratyeka guNa ke viSaya meM bahuta kucha likhA jA sakatA hai| unakA jIvana, Adarza jIvana thaa| yadi vaha kisI sajIva kalama ke dvArA citrita kiyA jAve to usake dvArA saikar3oM puruSa apane jIvanoM ko Adarza banAne ke lie lAlAyita ho utthe| yadi acche kAmoM kA acchA phala milatA hai to isameM sandeha nahIM ki dAnavIra seThajI kI AtmA svargIya sukhoM ko prApta karegI aura apane isa janma ke lagAye hue puNyaviTapoM ko phalate-phUlate hue dekhakara nirantara tRptilAbha karane kA avasara paayeNgii| -jaina hitaiSI, aMka 8, san 1914 se sAbhAra, zrI satIza jaina ke saujanya se prApta * kundakunda bhAratI 18-bI, spezala iMsTITayUzanala eriyA, maharaulI ror3a, naIdillI-110067 arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 85

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digambara jaina udAsIna Azrama TrasTa, indaura dvArA sthApita kundakunda jJAnapITha puraskAra zrI digambara jaina udAsIna Azrama TrasTa, indaura dvArA jaina sAhitya ke sRjana, adhyayana, anusaMdhAna ko protsAhita karane ke uddezya se 1992 meM kundakunda jJAnapITha puraskAra kI sthApanA kI gaI hai| isake antargata vigata 5 varSoM meM prakAzita/aprakAzita cayanita kRtiyoM ke lekhaka ko rU. 25,000/- kI nagada rAzi, zAla, zrIphala evaM prazasti patra se sammAnita kiyA jAtA hai| hindI / aMgrejI meM likhita kRti kA cayana trisadasyIya nirNAyaka maMDala dvArA kiyA jAtA hai| gata varSoM meM puraskRta vidvAnoM evaM unakI kRtiyoM kA vivaraNa nimnavat hai1993 saMhitAsUripaM. nAthUlAla jaina zAstrI, indaura, 'pratiSThA pradIpa' 1994 pro. lakSmIcandra jaina, jabalapura, 'The Tao of Jaina Sciences' 1995 pro. bhAgacandra jaina bhAskara', nAgapura, 'jaina itihAsa, saMskRti evaM purAtatva' 1996 DaoN.udayacandra jaina, udayapura 'jaina dharma svarUpa vizleSaNa evaM paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa(aprakAzita) evaM AcArya gopIlAla 'amara', dillI 'Jaina Solution to the Pollution of Environment (Unpublished) 1997 apradatta 1998 pro. rAdhAcaraNa gupta, jhAMsI, jaina gaNita (aprakAzita) 1999 DaoN. prakAzacandra jaina, indaura, hindI ke jaina vilAsa kAvyoM kA udbhava aura vikAsa (vi.saM. 1520-1999 taka) (aprakAzita) 2000 DaoN. pradyumnakumAra jaina, rudrapura, Jaina & Hindu Logic' | 2001 DaoN.saMgItA mehatA, indaura jaina saMskRta sAhitya ke Aloka meM varddhamAna mahAvIra-eka adhyayana (aprakAzita) 2002 DaoN. anilakumAra jaina, ahamadAbAda, 'jIvana kyA hai? 2003 prAcArya narendraprakAzajaina, phirojAbAda, samaya ke zilAlekha evaM cintana pravAha 2004 DaoN. anekAnta kumAra jaina, dillI, dArzanika samanvaya kI dRSTiH jaina nayavAda evaM DaoN. suzIlA sAlagiyA, indaura 'jaina viSayavastu se sambaddha Adhunika hindI mahAkAvyoM meM sAmAjika cetanA' 2005 pro. mahAvIra rAja gelar3A, jayapura, 'Science in Jainism' 2006 pro. nalina ke. zAstrI, dillI, 'namAmi kA sampAdana' 2007 apradatta 2008 DaoN. savitA jaina, ujjaina, 'jaina sAhitya lekhana, sampAdana evaM prakAzana ke kSetra meM samaya yogadAna' 2009 pro. premasumana jaina, udayapura, 'prAkRta bhASA, sAhitya ke adhyayana, anusaMdhAna evaM pracAra hetu' 2010 evaM 2011 ke puraskAroM kI ghoSaNA zIghra kI jaayegii| DaoN.ajita kAsalIvAla pro.e.e. abbAsI DaoN. anupama jaina adhyakSa mAnada nidezaka mAnada saciva kundakundajJAnapITha, indaura 31.12.11 86 arhat vacana, 24 (1),2012

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mahopavAsI AcArya zrI sanmatisAgara dIkSA svarNa jayaMtI varSa meM DaoN. anupama jaina, indaura 'vAgIzvarI puraskAra se sammAnita' AkhyA parama tapasvI, mahopavAsI AcArya zrI sanmatisAgarajI mahArAja ke variSThatama ziSya, paramparA ke caturtha paTTAdhIza, siddhAnta ratnAkara, AcArya zrI yogIndrasAgara jI mahArAja ke sasaMgha tatvAvadhAna meM AcArya zrI sanmatisAgara jI kA svarNa saMyamotsava (50vA~ saMyama divasa) 2-6 navambara 2011 ke madhya aneka AyojanoM yathA caubIsI Rddhi vidhAna Adi sahita manAyA gyaa| 2-5 navambara ke madhya dhArmika Ayojana huye| isameM 50 jor3oM ne bhAga liyA / vahI 6 navambara ko 4 viziSTa Ayojana navodita tIrtha zItala tIrtha para rakhe gye| 1. vikalAgoM ko baisAkhiyA~ evaM zravaNa yaMtroM kA vitaraNa - guruvara AcArya zrI sanmatisAgara jI ke 50veM saMyama divasa ke upalakSya meM zItala tIrtha ke samIpavartI aMcala ke 50 vikalAMga bhAI/bahanoM ko baisAkhiyA~ evaM zravaNa yaMtra (Hearing Aids) pradAna kiye gye| AgAmI varSoM meM aura adhika vikalAgoM ko jIvanayApana hetu Avazyaka / upayogI sAmagrI dene kA nirNaya kiyA gyaa| 2. bhajanoM kI C.D. kA vimocana isa punIta avasara para pUjya AcAryazrI evaM zItala tIrtha kI adhiSThAtrI DaoN. savitA jaina dvArA likhita tathA zrI vinoda gaur3a ke sAthiyoM dvArA svarabaddha saMgItamaya C. D. kA vimocana kiyA gayA / ma.pra. ke yazasvI loka svAstha maMtrI zrI mahendrajI hArDiyA ke sammukha zrI vinoda gaur3a evaM unake sAthiyoM ne ina bhajanoM kI jIvanta prastuti (Live presentation) bhI dii| isa prastuti ke samaya sampUrNa sadana jhUma utthaa| 3. DaoN. anupama jaina ko vAgIzvarI puraskAra aMtarrASTrIya khyAti prApta yuvA vidvAna tathA arhat vacana zodha patrikA ke sampAdaka DaoN. anupama jaina, indaura ko lakSAdhika pANDulipiyoM ke sUcIkaraNa evaM alabhya pANDulipiyoM kI khoja ke liye bAgIzvarI puraskAra se zItala tIrtha ratalAma meM puraskRta kiyA gyaa| ukta puraskAra ke aMtargata unheM 51 hajAra rupae kI rAzi, vAgIzvarI devI kI dhAtu pratimA, prazasti patra, zAla evaM zrIphala pradAna kiyA gayA / ukta puraskAra nezanala nAnavAyaleMsa yUniTI phAuNDezana TrasTa, ratalAma dvArA pradAna kiyA gyaa| kAryakrama pUjya AcArya zrI sanmatisAgarajI ke 50veM saMyamotsava para unake variSThatama ziSya caturtha paTTAdhIza AcArya zrI yogIndrasAgarajI ke sasaMgha sAnnidhya meM ma.pra. ke AvAsa evaM paryAvaraNa maMtrI zrI jayaMta malaiyA tathA svAsthya rAjya maMtrI zrI mahendra hArDiyA ke mukhya Atithya meM zItala tIrtha ratalAma meM sampanna huaa| kAryakrama kI adhyakSatA rAjasthAna ke takanIkI zikSA maMtrI zrI mahendra mAlavIya ne kii| isa avasara para pUrva gRha maMtrI zrI himmata koThArI, ratalAma vikAsa prAdhikaraNa ke adhyakSa zrI viSNu tripAThI, mahApaura zrI zailendra DAgA, pro. pI. ena. mizra, pro. zreNika baMDI, pro. rajanIza jaina, DaoN. saMjaya jaina, zrI rameza kAsalIvAla, paM. lAlamaNI jaina-gvAliyara, zrI padamacaMda modI, pArSada zrImatI AzA sonI, zrI holAsa sonI, zrImatI sumana jaina, zrImatI kRSNA jaina- gvAliyara Adi kaI gaNamAnya vyakti upasthita the| isa avasara para apane AzIrvacana meM mahArAja ne kahA yaha vyakti nahIM guNoM kA sammAna hai| DaoN. anupama jaina deva zAstra guru ke prati ananya bhakti rakhate hai| yojanA ke nirmANa, kriyAnvayana evaM pariNAma prApta hone taka ve nirantara samarpita bhAva se kAma karate rahate hai| isake bAvajUda vizeSa bAta yaha hai ki inameM ahaMkAra nahIM hai| jinavANI ke prati inakA samarpaNa stutya hai| yaha puraskAra prativarSa DaoN. anupama jaina sadRza samarpita vidvAna ko diyA jAe aisI preraNA maiMne phAuNDezana ke padAdhikAriyoM ko dI hai| svAsthya maMtrI zrI mahendra hArDiyA ne kahA ki maiM anupama ko bahuta najadIka se jAnatA hU~ unakI kAryazailI, pratibhA evaM kSamatA adbhuta hai| maiM inako vAgIzvarI puraskAra kI prApti para badhAI detA huuN| phAunDezana ke padAdhikAriyoM ke anurodha para zrI hArDiyAjI ne zItala tIrtha parisara meM bhUmi upalabdha karAye jAne para 'AyuSa' vibhAga ke antargata Ayurvedika aspatAla khole jAne kI ghossnnaa| zItalatIrtha ke samIpavartI grAmoM ke grAmINoM ke svAsthya kI cintA karate hue yahA~ aspatAla khole jAne kI yojanA evaM mAnanIya maMtrI zrI hArDiyAjI kI tAtkAlika svIkRti kI arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 87

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sabhI ne bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA kii| mAnanIya maMtrI zrI jayaMta malaiyA jI ne bhI DaoN. anupama jaina ko badhAI dii| isa avasara para mirjA makasUda sA. ne AcAryazrI ke saMbaMdha meM kavitA kA pATha kiyaa| sammAna ke pratyuttara meM apanI kRtajJatA karate hue DaoN. anupama jaina ne kahA ki 'maiM 1988 se pUjya AcAryazrI se suparicita huuN| unake jIvana kA ekapakSa to sAmane AyA hai kintu dUsarA pakSa Aja bhI upekSita hai| gurudeva kA adhyayana gahana/gaMbhIra hai evaM Agama ke siddhAntoM para unakI dRSTi atyanta spaSTa hai / ve samyagdarzana ke vAtsalya aMga ke tahata jaba pIr3itoM kI madada karate hai taba unheM vidharmiyoM tathA hiMsaka upAyoM kA sahArA lene vAle pAkhaNDiyoM ke hAtha kI kaThaputalI banane se bacA lete hai| pIr3itoM ko svastha kara unake jIvana kI dizA ko dharma mArga meM pravRtta karAnA tathA dharma, samAja evaM rASTra ke prati niSThAvAna nAgarika taiyAra karanA unakA lakSya rahatA hai| mAtra itanA hI nahIM unhoMne hindI evaM saMskRta bhASA meM bhI vipula parimANa meM sAhitya sRjana kiyA hai| unake dvArA likhe gaye 5000 dohe, saMskRta kI stutiyA~, dhArmika sAhitya kI amUlya nidhi haiM / unake dohe kabIra, rahIma, evaM bhUdhara kI paramparA ko Age bar3hAte haiN| unake dvArA joni pAhuNa, jhANajjhayaNa pAhuDa Adi aneka ajJAta / acarcita prAcIna pUrvAcAryoM dvArA praNIta graMthoM ke anuvAda ke mAdhyama se unake uddhAra ke prayAsa kiye jA rahe haiN| hAlahI meM unhoMne 6 zataka likhe haiM jinameM jIvana ke lie dizA, vyaMgya evaM samanvayAtmaka citraNa hai| prAcIna pAMDulipiyoM kI zodha-khoja meM Apa pichale 7 sAloM se mujhe pUrA AzIrvAda evaM sahayoga de rahe hai| Aja kA puraskAra bhI unake, AzIrvAda kA pratIka hai maiM unake caraNoM meM vinayAvanata hU~ evaM unheM vizvAsa dilAtA hU~ ki Age bhI isa dizA meM kArya karatA rhuuNgaa|' prazasti patra kA vAcana DaoN. saMjIva sarApha vArANasI ne kiyaa| kAryakrama kA sazakta saMcAlana DaoN. savitA jaina ne kiyA evaM AbhAra zrI DI. ke. jaina ne mAnA / 50 vidvAnoM kA sammAna-puraskAra samarpaNa ke avasara para deza ke 50 mUrdhanya vidvAnoM ko AmaMtrita kara sammAnita kiyA gyaa| sammAna meM prazastipatra, sAhitya zrIphala evaM patra-puSpa samarpita kiye gye| sammAnita pramukha vidvAna nimnavata hai - paM. devendra zAstrI-AgarA (u.pra.), DaoN. rInA jaina - bInA (ma.pra.), pro. bhAgacandra jaina ' bhAgendu' - damoha, pro. TIkamacaMda jaina-dillI, DaoN. vimalA jaina 'vimala' phirojAbAda, zrI lAlamaNi prasAda jaina- gvAliyara (ma.pra.), DaoN. (zrImatI) kRSNA jaina gvAliyara (ma.pra.), zrI abhaya bAkalIvAla - indaura (ma.pra.), dra. anila zAstrI indaura (ma.pra.), zrI azoka zAstrI - indaura (ma.pra.), zrI jayakumAra jaina 'godhA' - indaura (ma.pra.), zrI jayasena jaina - indaura (ma.pra.), pro. pI. ena. mizra- indaura (ma.pra.), DaoN. prakAzacandra jaina- indaura (ma.pra.), DaoN. (zrImatI) pragati jaina-indaura (ma.pra.), DaoN. premakumAra jaina 'zikSAvid - indaura (ma.pra.), pro. rajanIza jaina- indaura (ma.pra.), zrI rameza kAsalIvAla - indaura (ma.pra.), DaoN. (zrImatI) rekhA jaina- indaura (ma.pra.), DaoN. saMjaya jaina- indaura (ma.pra.), DaoN. (zrImatI) saMgItA vinAyakAindaura (ma.pra.), zrI subhASa gaMgavAla - indaura (ma.pra.), zrI subhASacaMda jaina - indaura (ma.pra.), zrImatI sumana jaina - indaura (ma.pra.), zrImatI surekhA jaina - indaura (ma.pra.), DaoN. surekhA mizrA - indaura (ma.pra.), zrI sUraja jaina - indaura (ma.pra.), zrI sUrajamala bobarA-indaura (ma.pra.), DaoN. (zrImatI) suzIlA sAlagiyA- indaura (ma.pra.), pro. zreNika baMDI- indaura (ma.pra.), zrImatI uSA pATanI - indaura (ma.pra.), paM. khemacaMda jaina - jabalapura (ma.pra.), zrI pArasa jaina pATanI - koTA (rAja.), paM. rAkeza jaina-koTA, paM. lAlacaMda jaina 'rAkeza'-lalitapura, paM. zItalacaMda jaina 'prAcArya' - lalitapura (u.pra.), paM. komalacaMdra jaina lohAriyA, paM. vRSamasena upAdhye mAlagAMva (mahA.), DaoN. devakumAra jaina- rAyapura (cha.ga.), paM. upendra 'aNu' RSabhadeva kesariyAjI, paM. vAriSeNa jaina 'RSabhadeva' kesariyAjI, zrI rAjendra jaina mahAvIra'sanAvada (ma.pra.), paM. zikharacaMda jaina - sAgara (ma.pra.), paM. padamacaMda jaina 'zAstrI' sAhibAbAda, zrI sureza jaina 'mAraurA - zivapurI (ma.pra.), paM. saMtoSa jaina- ujjaina, DaoN. rAnI sarApha - vArANasI, DaoN. saMjIva sarApha - vArANasI (u.pra.), DaoN. vivekAnaMda vArANasI (u.pra.) zrI utsava jaina-naugAmA (rAja.) pUrA kAryakrama atyanta garimAmaya evaM prabhAvI rhaa| kucha vidvAna aparihArya kAraNoM se nahIM padhAra ske| arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 88

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gatividhiyA~ siddhAMtaratnAkara, khaNDa vidyAdhurandhara, caturtha paTTAdhIza 108 AcArya zrI yogIndrasAgarajI mahArAja ke AcArya padArohaNa divasa (16 janavarI) ke upalabdha meM Ayojita akhila bhAratIya nibaMdha pratiyogitA vizeSa zIrSaka bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM zramaNa paramparA kA avadAna (A. yogIndrasAgarajI mahArAja ke vizeSa saMdarbha meM) zabda sImA nyUnatama 5000 zabda aMtima tithi 29 pharavarI 2012 pAtratA koI bhI bhAratIya nAgarika (strI yA puruSa) praviSTi nibaMdha prAMtIya saMyojakoM/kendrIya saMyojaka ke pAsa suvAcya hastalipi athavA e4 sAIja ke kAgaja para TaMkita karAkara 2 pratiyoM meM aMtima tithi ke pUrva jamA kiye jAne caahie| puraskAra prathama 11000/- evaM pramANapatra dvitIya 5000/- evaM pramANapatra tRtIya 3000/- evaM pramANapatra yuvA varga hetu vizeSa puraskAroM kI vyavasthA hai| sAMtvanA - samasta pratibhAgiyoM ko sAMtvanA puraskAra evaM pramANa patra pradAna kiyA jaayegaa| saMyojakagaNa 1. kendrIya saMyojaka - DaoN. anupama jaina, 'jJAnachAyA',DI-14, sudAmA nagara, indaura-452009 (ma.pra.) mobA. : 09425053822 2. ma.pra. prAMtIya saMyojaka - (a) pro. bhAgacanda jaina 'bhAgendu', saroja sadana, 28, sarasvatI kaoNlonI, damoha470661 (ma.pra.) mobA.: 09425455338 (ba) DaoN.narendra kumAra 'jaina' e-27, narmadA vihAra, kharagona ror3a, sanAvada 451111, mobA. 09924068843 chattIsagar3ha prAMtIya saMyojaka - DaoN. devakumAra jaina, prAdhyApaka-hindI, zAstrI sadana, gaNezarAma nagara, rAyapura-492001 (cha.ga.) mobA. : 09424230536 3. dillI prAMtIya saMyojaka - pro. TIkamacanda jaina, ema-84, navIna zAhadarA, dillI-110032 mobA. : 09810279707 4.rAjasthAna prAMtIya saMyojaka - zrI rAkeza jaina, 12 Aditya vilA, gulAbavAr3I, rAmapurA, koTA (rAja.) mobA. :09829097646 5.u.pra.prAMtIya saMyojaka(a) zrI sureza jaina 'RturAja',tulasI sAhitya pablikezana, IzvarapurI, oDiyansa sinemA ke pAsa, meraTha (u.pra.) mobA. : 09837481839 (ba) DaoN. saMjIva sarApha, upapustakAlayAdhyakSa, B.H.U. nyU ela-28, haidarAbAda kaoNlonI, bI.eca.yU. parisara, vArANasI, 09450533305 sabhI dharmapremI mahAnubhAva adhikAdhika saMkhyA meM apane Alekha bhejakara zramaNa paramparA ke avadAna ko digdigantavyApI bnaaye| DaoN.savitA jaina adhiSThAtrI-di. jaina dharmasthala, 'zItala tIrtha kSetra, bAMsavAr3A ror3a, ratalAma (ma.pra.) phona: 07413-28199, mobA.:9425355741 arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 89

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zrI a. bhA. sAdhumArgI jaina saMgha, bIkAnera dvArA vigata kaI varSoM se utkRSTa sAhitya para sva. zrI pradIpakumAra rAmapuriyA smRti sAhitya puraskAra pradAna kiyA jAtA rahA hai| varSa 2011 hetu sAhitya puraskAra praviSTi sAdara AmaMtrita hai| yaha sAhitya puraskAra jaina dharma, darzana, itihAsa, kalA evaM saMskRti tathA jaina sAhitya, kAvya kalA, nibaMdha, nATaka, saMsmaraNa evaM jIvanI Adi ke saMbaMdha meM likhita maulika graMtha para diyA jAtA hai| cUMki yaha varSa saMgha kA svarNa jayaMtI varSa hai ataH isa bAra yaha puraskAra ru. 51 hajAra nakada ke sthAna para ru.1,00,000 nakada, zaoNla, zrIphala va prazasti patra arpita kiyA jAtA nizcita kiyA hai / 1 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. zrI akhila bhAratavarSIya sAdhumArgI jaina saMgha, bIkAnera dvArA pradatta sva. zrI pradIpakumAra rAmapuriyA smRti sAhitya puraskAra hetu praviSTiyAM AmaMtrita 7. puraskAra cayana ke liye nirdhArita niyama nimnAnusAra haiM - anya saMsthAoM dvArA pUrva meM puraskRta kRti para yaha puraskAra nahIM diyA jAvegA / puraskAra hetu prakAzita / aprakAzita (pANDulipi) donoM prakAra kI kRtiyAM nirdhArita Avedana patra ke sAtha 26 janavarI 2012 se pUrva prastuta kI jA sakatI haiN| prakAzita kRti kA prakAzana varSa 2004 se 2011 ke madhya honA cAhiye / puraskAra mUlyAMkana ke liye kRti kI mudrita 4 pratiyAM evaM pANDulipi kI 1 prati niHzulka bhejanI hogI / kRtiyAM punaH nahIM lauTAI jAvegI / prakAzita kRti (pANDulipi) kI prati spaSTa TaMkaNa kI huI athavA hastalikhita suvAcya evaM jilda baMdhI honI cAhiye / puraskAra hetu pratibhAgI vidvAnoM ke liye yaha Avazyaka hogA ki ve kRti ke saMbaMdha meM svayaM kI kRti hone evaM isake maulika hone kA pramANa patra kRti ke sAtha bhejeM / Avedana patra maMgavAne evaM puraskAra pratiyogitA hetu kRti bhejane kA patA nimna rahegAzrI pIradAna pArakha, saMyojaka sva. zrI pradIpakumAra rAmapuriyA smRti sAhitya puraskAra dvArA zrI a. bhA. sA. jaina saMgha, samatA bhavana, AcArya zrI nAneza mArga, zrI jaina pI. jI. kaoNleja ke sAmane, nokhA roDa, gaMgAzahara bIkAnera 334401 (raaj.)| niHzulka prApta kareM zrI jayacandajI chAbar3A kRta 'bhaktAmara stotra bhASA vacanikA' pratyeka zloka para tathA kalyANakoM para citra, samIkSAtmaka TippaNI ke sAtha gata varSa sanmati TrasTa ne prakAzita kI thii| jo aitihAsikatA lie hue hai / bhaktAmara strota kA apane DhaMga kA pahalA anUThA prakAzana hai| kucha pratiyAM zeSa raha gaI hai| muniyoM, tyAgiyoM, zodha saMsthAnoM, pustakAlayoM, svAdhyAya premiyoM meM TrasTa nizulka vitaraNa karanA cAhatA hai| jinheM cAhie eka posTakArDa meM apanA nAma, patA, pina naM., phona naM., Adi likhakara nimna pate para bheja de / - sanmati TrasTa, e-18, saMjaya menzana, 2 mAlA, 448 kAlabAdevI roDa, bhAMgavADI, mumbaI 400002 arhat vacana 24 (1), 2012 . 90

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mainapurI meM vAgbhAratI puraskAra samarpaNa samAroha pa. pU. aMtarmanA muni zrI prasanna sAgara jI mahArAja ke sasaMgha sAnnidhya meM zrI di. jaina bar3A maMdira, mainapurI para dinAMka 12 se 14 navambara 2011 taka tridivasIya kAryakrama aitihAsika, abhUtapUrva dharma prabhAvanA ke sAtha Ayojita kiye gaye / gatividhiyA~ nagara ke vidvAna va cikitsaka DaoN. suzIla jaina dvArA sthApita vAgmAratI TrasTa ne cAra vidvAnoM ko vAgbhAratI puraskAra se sammAnita karate hue pUjya muni zrI ko zAstra bheMTa karate DaoN. vRSabha prasAda jaina, lakhanaU 'dharmagaurava' kI upAdhi se alaMkRta kiyaa| isa puraskAra kI sthApanA dAhoda (gujarAta) meM 01-091998 ko pa. pU. muni zrI prajJAsAgarajI evaM munizrI prasannasAgara jI ke sAnnidhya meM DaoN. suzIla jaina dvArA unheM A. zrI puSpadaMta sAgara puraskAra se sammAnita karane ke zubha avasara para kI gayI thii| vAgbhAratI puraskAra se puraskRta hone vAle vidvAna haiM - paM. zivacaraNalAla jaina, mainpurii| pro. vRSabha prasAda jaina, lkhnuu| DaoN. pradyumna kumAra jaina, rudrapura, DaoN. mAlatI jaina, mainapurI, sabhI vidvAnoM ko 11 hajAra rupaye kI rAzi ke sAtha hI prazasti patra, zaoNla, mAlyArpaNa, pratIka cinha va 'dharma gaurava' kI upAdhi se sammAnita kiyA gayA / sAyaMkAlIna satra meM gurubhakti va Ananda yAtrA ke bAda deza ke jAne mAne kavi zrI candrasena jaina bhopAla ke saMyojakatva meM kavi sammelana kA Ayojana kiyA gayA jisameM bhopAla se zrImatI sImA jaina, bInA se hemanta tivArI, uraI se nIlama kazyapa, jhAMsI se divya 'pAradarzI' va jAlauna se ravIndra zarmA pdhaare| kavi sammelana dera rAta taka bar3e hI maryAdita DhaMga se zAlInatApUrvaka sampanna huA / upasthita apAra janasamUha ne kavi sammelana kI bahuta prazaMsA kii| kavi sammelana ke pUrva vAgbhAratI puraskAra se sammAnita vidvAnoM ke pravacana bhI Ayojita kie ge| prAcArya narendra prakAza jaina, phirojAbAda kI kAryakrama meM upasthiti ullekhanIya rhii| DaoN. suzIla jaina, ke suputra DaoN. saurabha jaina evaM parivAra DaoN. pradyumna kumAra jaina, rudrapura ko sammAnita karate DaoN. suzIla jaina ke anya sabhI sadasyoM kI bhI kAryakrama meM sakriya sahabhAgitA rhii| arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 91

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pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI meM vyAkhyAna bhagavAna mahAvIra kA vartamAna samAja ko avadAna vArANasI sthita pArzvanAtha vidyApITha meM jaina vizva bhAratI-lADanUM se padhArI viduSI samaNI zAradAprajJA jI kA 'bhagavAn mahAvIra kA vartamAna samAja ko avadAna' viSaya para vyAkhyAna huaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne loka tatva, upabhoga - paribhoga parigraha kA parimANavrata diyA jisake pAlana se sAmAjika viSamatA kA sarvathA aMta ho jaaegaa| naksalavAda Adi samasyAoM kA aMta ho jaaegaa| mahAvIra kA dharma vyaktiniSTha hai| vyakti ke kalyANa se mAnava kalyANa kA siddhAMta sambhava hai| mahAvIra ne Izvara ke sthAna para manuSya kI pratiSThA kii| AtmA apane puruSArtha se uccatama lakSya mokSa prApta kara sakatA hai| mahAvIra ne bhAgyavAda ko puruSArthavAda meM badala diyaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne mana, vacana evaM kAya kI pravRtti ko saMyamita karane kA upadeza diyaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne tyAga ko pUjya batAyA, Rddhi aura samRddhi ko nhiiN| jaina zAsana meM sAmAjika AdhAra, jAti-pAMti ke AdhAra para koI bheda nhiiN| veza ko pramukhatA na dekara indriya vijaya ko pramukhatA dii| sAdhya, sAdhana kI zuddhatA para bala diyaa| ahiMsA ke prAyogika svarUpa para bhagavAna ne bala diyA / loka ko naSTa karane vAlA apane Apa ko naSTa kara letA hai| adhyakSa pada se bolate hue kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke dharma vijJAna saMkAya ke pramukha pro. DaoN. Ara.sI. paNDA ne kahA - 'samAja ke sabhI vargoM ko dharma aura darzana jAnanA Avazyaka hai kyoMki uttama AdhyAtmika sukha ke abhAva meM bhautika sukhoM kI pUrNatA nhiiN| darzana lakSya ke upayoga ko pratipAdita karatA hai| dharma kevala dhAraNa hI nahIM karatA apitu puSTi bhI karatA hai| dharma uttama sukha (mokSa) ko dhAraNa karatA hai| vyakti ko isa mArga se vicalita nahIM hone detA hai| ataH dharma kA pAlana sabhI ke lie Avazyaka hai| dharma,karma kA vinAzaka hai| dharma se puruSArtha ko prApta karanA caahie| mukhya atithi pada se bolate hue kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya dharmavijJAna saMkAya ke pUrva pramukha pro. kRSNakAMta zarmA ne kahA - samanvaya kI dRSTi se kahA jA sakatA hai ki mahAvIra hoM yA kRSNa yA anya koI manISI ho, unake upadeza, siddhAMta unake samaya kI tulanA meM Aja vartamAna meM jyAdA prAsaMgika hai / aparigraha, ahiMsA Aja kI jvalaMta samasyAoM ugravAda, viSamatA Adi kA samAdhAna kara sakate haiN| parigraha hiMsA kA kAraNa hai| upabhoga se tRSNA samApta nahIM ho sktii| tRSNA kA pAra nahIM pAyA jA sktaa| isakA aMta nahIM ho sakatA / tRSNA para aMkuza ke abhAva meM saha astitva kI bhAvanA janma nahIM le sktii| hama dUsare ke bAre meM soca nahIM skte| hiMsA ko samajhe binA ahiMsA ko samajhA nahIM jA sktaa| hiMsA, kRtA , kAritA, anumodita tIna taraha kI hotI hai| mana, vacana aura kAya se hiMsA nahIM karanA caahie| samanvaya se hI samAja kA kalyANa saMbhava hai| kAryakrama kA Arambha pUjya mahArAja prazamarati vijaya ke maMgalAcaraNa se huaa| vidyApITha kI gatividhiyoM para prakAza vidyApITha ke saMyukta nidezaka (sthApanA) DaoN. zrIprakAza pANDeya ne ddaalaa| saMsthAna ke nidezaka (zodha) pro. sudarzana lAla jaina ne atithiyoM kA paricaya diyA evaM viSaya para prakAza ddaalaa| kAryakrama kA saMcAlana vidyApITha ke zodha adhyetA DaoN. navIna kumAra zrIvAstava aura dhanyavAda jJApana esosieTa prophesara DaoN. azoka kumAra siMha ne kiyaa| arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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gatividhiyA~ lakhanaU meM rASTrIya digambara jaina vidvat sammelana sampanna pUjaya muni zrI saurabhasAgarajI ke sAnnidhya meM deza meM prathama bAra DAlIgaMja lakhanaU ke prAMgaNa meM 15-16 akTUbara 2011 ko rASTrIya di. jaina vidvat mahAsammelana sampanna huA jisameM, a.bhA. di.jaina zAstri pariSada tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva jaina vidvat mahAsaMgha a.bhA. di.jaina vidvat pariSada zIrSaka vartamAna meM di. jaina samAja meM kAryarata tInoM vidvat saMgaThanoM ne sakriya sahabhAgitA dI evaM zatAdhika vidvAna sammilita hue| sammelana meM 4 anya prastAvoM ke sahita nimna prastAva pArita kiyA gyaa| 'parama pUjya muni zrI saurabha sAgarajI mahArAja (sasaMgha) ke sAnnidhya meM di. 15 evaM 16 akTUbara 2011 ko Ayojita vidvat mahAsammelana meM sammilita saMsthAeM :a.bhA. di. jaina zAstri pariSada tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva jaina vidvat mahAsaMgha a.bhA. di. jaina vidvat pariSada bhA. di. jaina dharma saMrakSiNI mahAsabhA yaha prastAva karatI haiM ki sabhI saMsthAoM ko milAkara eka samanvaya samiti banAI jAye, jisameM unake pramukha padAdhikArI adhyakSa, mahAmaMtrI, koSAdhyakSa sammilita ho tathA yaha milakara cAhe to 5 anya viSaya vizeSajJa vidvAnoM ko sammilita kreN| yaha samanvaya samiti milakara jina viSayoM para dhArmika vivAda hai una para pracalita paramparA aura paddhati ke Aloka meM vicAra kare evaM samucita mArgadarzana kare tAki samAja meM samanvaya, saMgaThana evaM sauhArdra banA rahe / ekamata hone para hI mArgadarzana yA sujhAva ko svIkRta mAnA jaayegaa| isa prastAva meM patra sampAdaka saMgha, a.bhA. di. jaina mahAsamiti, bhA. di. jaina tIrthakSetra kameTI, dakSiNa bhArata jaina sabhA ko bhI sammilita kiyA gyaa| isa samiti ke saMyojaka zrI pradIpa pATanI lakhanaU hoMge tathA korama 11 sadasyIya rhegaa| sammelana atyanta saphala rhaa| 17 AlekhoM ko bhI prastuta kiyA gyaa| Congratulation We glad to inform you all that Dr. Anil Jain, S/o Late Shri Hotilal Jain, Firozabad, (UP) has been awarded Ph.D. Degree in Eco Philosophy titled "Jainism Prespective about Environment & Ecology - A critical Study" from Mumbai University. This Ph.D. thesis has been rated worth of publication & will be pioneered for today's gereration. This thesis gives insight & prospect that how Jainism principles conserve & protect the ecology & environment & has also proved that "Lord Mahavir" was the greatest Ecologist of his age. Dr. Jain has been a bright student since his childhood & presently he is working in a senior position as Vice President & Head - Health, Safety & Environment at ESSAR STEEL LTD., India. Contact : Dr. Anil Jain, 9909901224 Dr. Anupam Jain, Editor arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 93

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tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva jaina vidvat mahAsaMgha dvArA Ayojita nibaMdha pratiyogitA ke puraskAra vitarita tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva jaina vidvat mahAsaMgha dvArA cAritracakravartI prathamAcArya zAMtisAgara varSa meM Ayojita dvistarIya nibaMdha pratiyogitA ke pariNAma nimnavat ghoSita kiye gye| praur3ha varga : viSaya: :- AcArya zrI zAMtisAgarajI evaM zramaNa paramparA kala, Aja aura kala rupaye 5000/ prathama puraskAra zrImatI nIlA joharApurakara jaina dvArA zrI anila kumAra joharApurakara, lADapurA, itavArI, nAgapura (mahA.) dvitIya puraskAra rupaye 3000/ : zrI rajata jaina, 195, bhavAnI mArga, sanAvada - 451111, jilA kharagona (ma. pra. ) tRtIya puraskAra :- rupaye 2000/ zrImatI kusuma rAjakumAra jaina, rAja ilekTrikalsa, nicalA bAjAra, zivapurI (ma. pra. ) yuvA varga : viSaya : cAritra cakravartI AcArya zrI zAMtisAgarajI mahArAja kI paramparA kA zramaNa saMskRti ko avadAna * rupaye 3000/ prathama puraskAra : : " zrImatI nikitA vaibhava jaina dvArA jambUdvIpa jvailarsa, sanAvada, jilA kharagona (ma.pra.) dvitIya puraskAra rupaye 2000/ : ku. alpanA jaina, pitA zrI kamalakumAra jaina, grAma- lAra, jilA TIkamagar3ha (ma. pra. ) tRtIya puraskAra rupaye 1000/ :- * ku. paridhi jaina, pitA zrI mukeza jaina, C/o raoNyala haoNspiTala eMDa risarca seMTara, gar3hA krAsiMga, jabalapura (ma.pra.) cayanita Alekha ke lekhakoM ko puraskAra dinAMka 09.10.11 ko madhyAnha 1.00 se 4.00 baje ke madhya jambUdvIpa- hastinApura (meraTha) meM sampanna vidvat mahAsaMgha ke adhivezana meM puraskAra pradAna kiye jAeMge Alekha preSita karane vAle anya sabhI mahAnubhAvoM ko bhI sAMtvanA puraskAra pradAna kiye jAyeMge / samAroha ko pUjya gaNinI pramukha zrI jJAnamatI mAtAjI kA sasaMgha pAvana sAnnidhya prApta rhaa| samAroha ke anta meM pUjya prajJAzramaNI AryikA zrI candanAmatI mAtAjI evaM gaNinIpramukha AryikAziromaNi zrI jJAnamatI mAtAjI kA maMgala AzIrvacana huaa| arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 DaoN. anupama jaina mahAmaMtrI 94

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gatividhiyA~ jambUdvIpa tIrtha para tridivasIya zaradapUrNimA mahotsava meM puraskAra samarpaNa evaM saMgoSThI Adi kAryakrama sampanna tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva jaina vidvat mahAsaMghakA puraskAra DaoN.pragati jaina, indaura ko jambUdvIpa-hastinApura meM pUjya gaNinIpramukha AryikA zrI jJAnamatI mAtAjI ke 60veM tyAgadivasa evaM 78vIM janmajayaMtI ke zubha avasara para digambara jaina triloka zodha saMsthAna-hastinApura dvArA Ayojita tridivasIya zaradapUrNimA mahotsava bhArI harSollAsa ke sAtha dinAMka 9-10-11 akTUbara 2011 ko sAnaMda sampanna huaa| vizeSarUpa se mahotsava meM aneka pratibhAoM ko saMsthAna ke vibhinna puraskAroM kA samarpaNa tathA vidvAnoM va prabuddhajanoM dvArA 'khAnapAna evaM khAnadAna zuddhi' viSaya para saMgoSThI kA suMdara Ayojana sAnaMda sampanna huaa| isa avasara para deza ke vibhinna prAntoM se hajAroM zraddhAluoM ne bhAga lekara puNya arjita kiyaa| sampUrNa kAryakrama kA mArgadarzana prajJAzramaNI AryikA zrI caMdanAmatI mAtAjI dvArA, nirdezana pIThAdhIza kSullaka zrI motIsAgara jI mahArAja tathA saMyojana karmayogI bra. ravIndra kumAra jaina dvArA kuzalatApUrvaka kiyA gyaa| kAryakrama meM jambUdvIpa sthita NamokAra mahAmaMtra baiMka ke lekhakoM ko bhI hIraka, svarNa evaM rajata padaka se sammAnita kara pramANapatra diye gye| mahotsava ke dvitIya divasa prAtaHkAla prathamAcArya zrI zAMtisAgara jI mahArAja, prathama paTTAcArya zrI vIrasAgara jI mahArAja evaM gaNinI zrI jJAnamatI mAtAjI kI pUjana kA Ayojana bhavyatApUrvaka sampanna huA / isa dina madhyAnha meM saMsthAna dvArA aneka vibhUtiyoM ko vibhinna puraskAroM se sammAnita kiyA gyaa| tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva jaina vidvat mahAsaMgha dvArA pravartita "zrImatI caMdArAnI jaina smRti puraskAra2011" yuvA gaNitajJa DaoN. pragati jaina-indaura ko pradAna kiyA gayA, yaha puraskAra zrI kailAzacaMda jaina AdIza kumAra jaina sarrApha-lakhanaU parivAra dvArA pradAna kiye gye| DaoN. pragati jaina ne puraskAra prApti para kahA ki AcArya vIrasena ke gaNitIya avadAna para kArya karate samaya jaba maiM nirAza hone lagI taba pUjya gaNinI jJAnamatI mAtA jI ne hI mujhe sambala pradAna kiyA thaa| isa dina sAyaMkAla meM bIsavIM sadI ke prathamAcArya cAritracakravartI zrI zAMtisAgara jI mahArAja ke vaMza paramparA ke vartamAna parivArajanoM kA bhavyatApUrvaka sammAna kiyA gayA / isa avasara para AcArya mahArAja ke upasthita parivAra meM unake pautra-pautrI, nAtI-nAtina, par3apote-par3apotI Adi mahAnubhAvoM ne bhoja, belagAMva, puNe, mumbaI, kolhApura Adi sthAnoM meM lagabhaga 30 kI saMkhyA meM padhArakara saMsthAna kA sammAna svIkAra kiyaa| kAryakrama meM gatavarSa zAMtisAgara varSa ke antargata kAryakrama karane vAle mahAnubhAvoM ke sAtha a.bhA. mahilA saMgaThana ko bhI sammAnita kiyA gyaa| mukhyarUpa se 11 akTUbarazaradapUrNimA ko prAtaHkAla jambUdvIpa sthita sumeruparvata ke samasta 16 bhagavantoM kA bhavya mastakAbhiSeka Ayojita kiyA gayA, jisameM saikar3oM bhaktoM ne siddha bhagavantoM kA abhiSeka karake puNya arjita kiyaa| kAryakrama meM vizeSarUpa se saMsthAna kA sarvocca puraskAra "gaNinI jJAnamatI puraskAra'" mahArASTra sarakAra ke jala saMsAdhana vibhAga meM mukhya iMjIniyara tathA sekeTrI ke pada para kAryarata iMjI. zrI hIrAlAla tAtyA jaina meMDhe giri-mumbaI ko pradAna kiyA gyaa| isa puraskAra meM unheM 1 lAkha rupaye kI rAzi ke sAtha tilaka, pagar3I, zaoNla, aMgavastra, prazasti patra, pratIka cinha Adi se sammAnita kiyA gyaa| -jIvana prakAza jaina arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 95

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DaoN. kalyANa gaMgavAla pUnA ko vizva maitrI sevA sammAna jaina milana lakhanaU dvArA zrI puSpavarSA yoga samiti ke aMtargata saMskAra praNetA munizrI 108 saurabha sAgarajI mahArAja ke pAvana sAnnidhya meM vizvamaitrI divasa evaM vizvamaitrI sevA sammAna kAryakrama kA Ayojana kiyA gyaa| kAryakrama ke mukhya atithi vIra sureza candra jaina 'riturAja' adhyakSa - bhAratIya jaina milana tathA ativiziSTa atithi vIra puSparAja jaina 'pampI' kannauja, vIra rAjendra kumAra jaina, kAryAdhyakSa - bhAratIya jaina milana meraTha, vIra vijaya kumAra jaina, kAryAdhyakSa - bhAratIya jaina milana the| kAryakrama kI adhyakSatA vIra zailendra jaina upAdhyakSa bhAratIya jaina milana ne kii| vIra zailendra jaina ne vizva maitrI sevA sammAna kI viSayavastu para vistAra se prakAza ddaalaa| tatpazcAt zrImatI ciMtAmaNi jaina parivAra ne sva. savAIlAla jI jaina kannauja kI smRti meM diyA jAne vAlA vizvamaitrI sammAna varSa 2011 prakhyAta cikitsaka va zAkAhAra samarthaka DaoN.kalyANa motIlAla jaina gaMgavAla, puNe ko pradAna kiyA / isa avasara para DaoN. kalyANa gaMgavAla ne kahA ki vaha bhArata meM hI nahIM varan videzoM meM bhI zAkAhAra kA pracAraprasAra kara rahe haiN| isakA jana jAgaraNa karanA merI prAthamikatA rahI hai| isI uddezya se maiMne zAkAhAra se sukhI jIvana kA mUlAdhAra viSaya para 150 citroM kI pradarzanI zravaNabelagolA meM lgaaii| mere prayAsa kA phala hai ki 25 navambara ko pUre vizva meM mAMsa rahita divasa manAyA gayA hai| isa avasara para zrI puSparAja jaina 'pampI' ne tIrthoM kI surakSA para gaharI ciMtA prakaTa karate hue kahA ki isakI rakSA karanA hama sabhI jainiyoM kA pharja banatA hai| unhoMne sabhI jainiyoM ko ekajuTa hone kA AvhAna kiyaa| isa avasara para zrImatI AratI jaina kannauja ne kSamAvANI ke viSaya para vistAra se prakAza DAlA aura kahA ki jaina milana kA vistAra sampUrNa bhAratavarSa meM tejI se ho rahA hai| isa avasara para saMskAra praNetA munizrI 108 saurabha sAgarajI mahArAja ne kahA ki jisa prakAra dUdha phaTane se ghI khatma ho jAtA he, motI phaTane se usakI kImata khatma ho jAtI hai, hIre meM darAra A jAne se usakI kImata khatma ho jAtI hai isI prakAra mana phaTane se prIta khatma ho jAtI hai| unhoMne jainiyoM ko ekajuTa hone kA AhvAna kiyaa|dhnyvaad jJApana rASTrIya saMyukta maMtrI pI.ena.jaina ne diyaa| vidvAnoM ko AmaMtraNa digambara AmnAya meM do graMtha (1) SaTkhaNDAgama evaM (2) kaSAyapAhuDasutta para pUjya 108 AcArya zrI vIrasena svAmI ne jo TIkAeM likhI haiM (dhavala, jayadhavalA evaM mahAdhavalA) ve hamAre lie mahAna jJAna ke bhaMDAra haiN| paraMtu una TIkAoM meM bhI AcArya bhagavanta ne, pUrva se paramparita kucha gAthAeM pramANarUpa meM uddhRta kI haiN| ve gAthAeM hamAre lie Agama ke mUla AdhAra haiM / ataH unakA saMkalana hama vIra sevA maMdira kI ora se karAnA cAhate haiN| ataH hamArA vidvAnoM se anurodha hai ki ve isa kArya meM hameM apekSita sahayoga pradAna kreN| isa kArya ke lie unheM mAnadeya kI vyavasthA bhI kI jA sakatI hai| ukta kArya vibhinna vidvAna, pRthaka-pRthaka khaMDoM ko lekara bhI kara sakate haiN| isa kArya meM jo bhI vidvAna jur3eMge unheM isa punIta graMtharAja kA svAdhyAya bhI hogA, jisase unakA vizeSa jJAnArjana ke sAtha puNyabaMdha hogaa| icchuka manISI vidvAna, patra dvArA samparka kareM tAki yaha punIta kArya Age bar3ha ske| paM.nihAla canda jaina, nidezaka - vIra sevA maMdira, 21, dariyAgaMja, naIdillI-110002 dUrabhASa-011-23250522 96 arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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zraddhAMjali pUrva sAMsada zrI DAlacanda jaina nahIM rahe svataMtratA senAnI, niHsvArtha samAjasevI, prasiddha udyogapati pUrva sAMsada dAdA DAlacaMda jI jaina kA duHkhada nidhana ravivAra, dinAMka 25 sitambara 2011 ko subaha unake nivAsa sthAna sAgara meM ho gyaa| ve 83 varSa ke the| unakI aMtima yAtrA rAjIva nagara vArDa sthita zrImaMta bhavana se nikAlI gii| unakI isa aMtima yAtrA meM kAMgresa va anya rAjanItika daloM ke netA, prazAsanika adhikArI, samAjasevI, DaoNkTara, vakIla sahita samAja ke sabhI vargoM ke loga zAmila hue the| prazAsana kI ora se pulisa kI Tukar3I ne 'gArDa oNpha oNnara' ke sAtha unheM tiraMgA or3hAyA aura pUre rAjakIya sammAna ke sAtha unakA aMtima saMskAra kiyA gyaa| unake jyeSTha putra zrI sureza jaina ne mukhAgni dii| samAja sevA ke kAryoM meM gaharI ruci rakhane vAle zrI DAlacanda jI jaina, mahAvIra TrasTa - ma.pra. ke upAdhyakSa the| digambara jaina pariSada ke 14 varSoM taka adhyakSa rhe| bIr3I udyoga saMgha ke koSAdhyakSa, madhyapradeza pheDarezana oNpha cembarsa oNpha kaoNmarsa evaM iMDasTrI bhopAla ke variSTha salAhakAra the| zaikSaNika kSetra meM ApakA mahAna yogadAna stutya rhaa| Apa DaoN. harIsiMha gaura vizvavidyAlaya, sAgara kI kAryakAriNI samiti evaM bhA. di. jaina tIrtha kSetra kameTI ke sakriya sadasya the / zrI gaNezaprasAda varNI saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya TrasTa, jaina uccatara mAdhyamika zAlA evaM zrI bhagavAnadAsa zobhAlAla ceriTebala TrasTa ke varSoM se adhyakSa the| Apane amerikA, kanADA, iMglaiMDa, jarmanI, hAMgakAMga, siMgApura Adi dezoM kI yAtrAeM bhI kI haiM aura aneka aMtarrASTrIya sammelanoM meM bhArata kA pratinidhitva bhI kiyA hai| apane do putroM - zrI sureza evaM zrI udaya tathA 6 putriyoM evaM nAtI, pote kA eka bharA-pUrA parivAra chor3a gaye haiN| lekhanI ke dhanI zrI bAla pATila, muMbaI kA duHkhada nidhana yaha sUcita karate hue atyanta duHkha ho rahA hai ki jaina samAja ke karmaTha kAryakartA evaM lekhanI ke dhanI zrI bAla pATila kA duHkhada nidhana zukravAra, dinAMka 7 akTUbara, 2011 ko muMbaI meM ho gyaa| zrI bAla pATila jaina samAja ke eka pratibhAvAna vyaktitva vAle kuzala lekhaka hIM nahIM, apitu nirbhIka vaktA va buddhi ke utane hI prakhara the| ApakA janma 19 navambara 1932 ko sAMgalI (mahArASTra) ke eka sAdhAraNa parivAra meM huA thaa| bI.e. kI parIkSA uttIrNa karane ke bAda ApakI vizeSa ruci lekhana, patrakAritA meM huI aura san 1960 se Apake zodhapUrNa lekha TAimsa oNpha iMDiyA, ikonaoNmika TAimsa evaM iMDiyana eksapresa meM prakAzita hone lage / Apane aneka pustakoM kA aMgrejI meM anuvAda karake usakA prakAzana krvaayaa| DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina dvArA likhita pustaka 'yugoM-yugoM meM jaina dharma' kA aMgrejI meM anuvAda karake use prakAzita karavAne meM ApakA vizeSa yogadAna rhaa| Apake athaka prayAsoM se hI mahArASTra sarakAra ne jaina dharma ko alpasaMkhyaka ghoSita kiyA hai| / dinAMka 7 akTUbara 2011 ko Apake hue Akasmika duHkhada nidhana se jaina samAja kI apUraNIya kSati huI hai| kundakunda jJAnapITha parivAra kI vinamra zraddhAMjali zrImatI suMdaradevI agravAla kA nidhana DaoN. pArasamala agravAla kI pUjya mAtuzrI suMdaradevI agravAla kA 87 varSa kI vaya meM dinAMka 7 disambara 2011 ko udayapura meM devaloka gamana ho gayA hai| jAvada (ma.pra.) ke madhyamavargIya parivAra kI 8 suyogya putra-putriyoM va bhare-pUre parivAra kI mAtA, jinakA jIvana jaina dharma-darzana evaM jinapUjA ko samarpita rahA hai| aisI niSkAma karmayogI divagaMta divyAtmA ko kundakunda jJAnapITha parivAra kI vinamra zraddhAMjali..... OM zAMti / arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 97

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zraddhAMjali zrI gaNapatarAya jaina kA nidhana sva. zrI mizrIlAlajI kAlA ke putra zrIgaNapatarAya jI kAlA kA Akasmika nidhana 7 disambara 2011 ko prAtaH 3.20 para kolakAtA meM ho gyaa| ve apane 4 bhAI 3 putra evaM 2 putriyoM kA bharApUrA parivAra chor3a gaye haiN| ApakA janma 25.02.1941 ko cAIbAsA meM huA thaa| jJAtavya hai ki kAlA parivAra mizrIlAla padamAvatI jaina phAuNDezana ke mAdhyama se aneka pAramArthika gatividhiyoM ko saMcAlita karatA hai| Apa vidyA bhAratI samiti rAMcI, roTarI klaba cAIbAsA tathA anya aneka zikSaNa saMsthAoM se jur3e the| kundakunda jJAnapITha pustakAlaya, indaura ko bhI Apake dvArA aneka avasaroM para udAtta sahayoga prApta huA hai / vartamAna meM bhI aneka ke mAdhyamoM se deza vividha dhArmika/ sAmAjika gatividhiyA~ saMcAlita ho rahI hai | Apa atyanta sarala svabhAvI, mRdubhASI, dharma parAyaNa vyakti the| kalakattA kI jaina samAja hI nahIM apitu samasta samAjoM meM Apa atyanta lokapriya the| kunda kunda jJAnapITha parIkSA saMsthAna kI maMtrI zrImatI vimalA kAsalIvAla ApakI choTI bahana hai| isa duHkhada prasaMga para 9 disambara 2011 ko kundakunda jJAnapITha pustakAlaya meM sAyaM 5.00 baje divaMgata AtmA kI mukti evaM zoka saMtapta parivAra hetu dhairya kI kAmanA kI gii| rAjendra kumArajI seThI kA nidhana 19 jUna 1920 meM janmeM zrI rAjendra kumArajI AtmajazrI bhaMvaralAla jI seThI, vinodIrAma bAlacaMda pharma ke mAlika, jinake purakhe 1920 meM hI jhAlAvAr3a pATana se iMdaura Akara basa gye| san 1942 meM Apane pro. boragAMvakara ke mArgadarzana meM aMgrejI sAhitya meM ema.e. pUrvArdha kiyA va hindI sAhitya samiti kI gatividhiyoM se judd'e| vyavasAya se ve prathama paMkti ke udyogapati (vinoda sTIlsa va vinoda milsa) va kAlonAijarsa ( sana 1949 meM jAvarA kampAuNDa va bAda meM anUpa nagara, kailAza pArka va zAMti nagara ke vikAsakartA) ke rUpa meM sadA yAda kie jaaeNge| sAhitya, itihAsa, purAtatva va mudrAzAstra ke prati adhyayana va anusaMdhAna ke prati unakI sadaiva gahana abhiruci rahI va kaI zodha patra unhoMne nyUmismeTika sosAyaTI oNpha iMDiyA ke jaranala vanyUmismeTika krAnikala, nyUmismeTika DAijesTa, ma.pra. itihAsa pariSada ke jaranala, prAcya pratibhA vanyUmismeTika va siMgliyogrAphI ke jaranala meM likhe| san 1975 meM 63 veM akhila bhAratIya adhivezana (nyUmismeTika sosAyaTI oNpha iMDiyA) landana meM ujjaina ke prAcIna sikkoM para rocaka zodha patra pddh'aa| Apa jIvana paryanta ekeDamI oNpha iMDiyA nyUmismeTika eNDa siMgliyogrAphI ke adhyakSa rahe aura kaI varSoM taka kAryakAriNI ke sadasya bhii| san 1974-75 meM bhAratIya purAtatva sarvekSaNa naI dillI ke mahAnidezaka DaoN. ema.e. dazAnaMda ke nirdezana meM prAcIna sikkoM ko ainTIkviTI ekTa kI paridhi se mukta karAne saMbaMdhI trisadasyIya samiti ke Apa sakriya sadasya niyukta kiye gaye va unakI bauddhika kuzalatA ke pariNAma svarUpa prAcIna sikkoM ko paMjIkaraNa se mukta rakhA gyaa| zodha kArya hetu Apane hAMgakAMga, baiMkAka, siMgApura, jakArtA, bAlI, perisa, jinevA, roma va landana kI videza yAtrAeM kii| kundakunda jJAnapITha ke saMsthApaka adhyakSa kAkA sA. zrI devakumArasiMha kAsalIvAla se unake AtmIya saMbaMdha the phalataH jJAnapITha kI gatividhiyoM meM bhI unakA mArgadarzana evaM sahayoga rahatA thaa| Apake nidhana se bauddhika jagata ko apUraNIya kSati huii| hama unake yogadAna kI sarAhanA va AtmA kI zAMti ke lie Izvara se prArthanA karate hai| kundakunda jJAnapITha parivAra kI vinamra shrddhaaNjli| arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012

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mata abhimata My Comments on Arhat Vacana 23 (4) Oct-Dec-2011 issue are followings (1) The article in Hindi, "Shrutavatar ka yathrth" by Bhagchandra Jain is most relevant. At page 76 in para 1 it has been mentioned that there has been lot of additions and omissions in the available original scriptures, distorting their very essence and substance. This needs serious churning by scholars to restore the pristine originality of authentic canonical scriptures. Ostensibly we are not sure whether the postulates we are following are correct within the ambit of basic fundamental fabric of Jainism as preached by enlightened ones, Arhats and Tirthankaras. It is a fact that many postulates, practices and rituals being endorsed by present Acharyas are more Vedic than Jain, having been incorporated by Acharyas coming from Vedic and Vaishnavite backgrounds. I have recorded abstracts of preachings of eminent present Acharyas endorsing and preaching the Vedic concept of one almighty God, the doer and granter of boons which is against the very fundamentals of Jainism. There is now more emphasis on rituals than on moral conduct. Even pernicious highly violent Vedic practice of havans is now an essential part of almost every important event, Vidhans etc. It needs immediate action as suggested in this article. (2) The article, "Jain Dualism-2: Fields and Interactions" by Narayan Lal Kachhara is full of contradictions within its own contents and is not at all compatible with fundamentals of Jainism. Of course everyone is free to have his own belief system and expression as such but while interpreting religious concept one should be honest to interpret as it is and should not distort it by superimposing his personal belief system. A few of stark contradictions and distortions are: (i) There is no mention of Dualism in Jainism in any authentic scripture and it is rather an anathema. Ascribing any sort of Dualism in Jainism is outlandish. Of course there is pluralism in one of the fundamental principles "Syadvad (Anekant)" in order to understand things in totality in all their probabilistic modes and manifestations because reals are very diverse and each real is equally diverse in its myriad relations. There is in fact singularism in Jainism in as much as it prescribes unified singular path of right belief, right thought and right conduct all the three combined and simultaneous as specifically asserted in stanza first of Tatvarth Sutra where Acharya Umaswami has deliberately used singular "Marg:" in place of grammatically correct plural "Marga:" to emphasise singularity and not plurality of path for salvation, the ultimate. (ii) Author has himself mentioned at page 52 that Tejas and Mano varganas are different and two distinct varganas whereas at page 57 he has clubbed Mano vargana as part of Tejas vargana. Here there is mention of Prana body also as part of Tejas body. In Jainism there is no such thing as Prana body and there is clear cut mention of ten Pranas which are five sense organs, three mind, speech and physical body energies, breathing and life span and all these belong to different varganas. In his own referred book, "Jain Doctrine of Karma" he has given pictorial depiction of various bodies enveloping the soul and no such Prana body is shown there. arhata vacana, 24 (1), 2012 99

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(iii) Author has put up a strange hypothesis at page 55 that a soul pradesha or 'n' identical pradesha matches with location of every cell and emit Adhyavasayas locally for functioning of each cell. It postulates that different pradesha of soul function differently and dividedly for different purposes as different cells performs different functions. According to Jainism all pradeshas of the soul function together simultaneously in all its modes. In Jainism soul and matter are independent of each other and soul does not interfere in functioning of any other object least directing it. (iv) At page 58 it is mentioned that every soul and object emits its aura in Kirlian photography which manifest its properties. The fact is that aura in Kirlian photograph is certainly not that of the object itself but an image created by the effect of high voltage electric field on photographic plate depending on moisture levels and not on modes or quality of the object as no such image is created if photography is done in vacuum. (v) There is mention of cosmic consciousness which exists (predates also, page 61) in all organisms. It is another term for Vedic concept of one all mighty creator, doer and destroyer god. This concept is contrary to very fundamentals of Jainism which has vehemently rejected it. In Jainism each individual soul is separate entity independent of even any other soul least of so called cosmic consciousness or god. Under faith healing (pages 62, 63) it is mentioned that sender soul transmits thoughts and the target soul/s receives them if tuned to frequency of transmitted waves. There is no place for such occult concepts in Jainism. Sadly the author has relied on outside sources and not on Jain scriptures, thus deliberately distorting the fundamentals of Jainism. S.M. Jain 7-B, Talbandi, Kota aitihAsika mahatva kI adbhuta, Azcaryajanaka aura amUlya pAMDulipiyoM evaM graMthoM, pustakoM ko dekhakara maiM abhibhUta hU~, bhAgyazAlI hU~, jo Aja kundakunda jJAnapITha pustakAlaya ke darzana hue| 17/12/2011 arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 DaoN. azoka baruA sahA. prAdhyApaka- rasAyana zAstra vibhAga zAsa. holakara vijJAna mahAvidyAlaya, indaura bhArata ke purAne vaibhava sampanna kAlIna jJAna bhaMDAra kI aneka mUlyavAna pAMDulipiyoM kA saMgraha karane evaM saMrakSaNa kA kAma isa pustakAlaya ne apane hAtha meM liyA hai| yaha ati prazaMsanIya hai| bhArata ko isI zatI meM sAre vizva kA mArga darzana karanA hai| isa kAma meM purAne jJAna kA bhaMDAra kA yogadAna advitIya hogaa| isameM yaha saMgraha atyanta mahatva kA yogadAna kregaa| 24/12/2011 DaoN. rAmasnehI gupta pUrva prAdhyApaka evaM vibhAgAdhyakSa gaNita vibhAga 6. jhiMdalagaMja, phirojAbAda (u.pra.) 100

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kundakundajJAnapITha indaura dvArA prakAzita sAhitya kra. pustaka kA nAma lekhaka I.S.B.N. mUlya 01 jaina dharma kA sarala paricaya paM. balabhadra jaina 81-86933-00-x anupalabdha 02. bAlabodha jainadharma, pahalA bhAga paM. dayAcanda goyalIya 81-86933-01-8 1.50 saMzodhita 03. bAlabodha jainadharma, dUsarA bhAga paM. dayAcanda goyalIya 81-86933-02-6 1.50 04. bAlabodha jainadharma, tIsarA bhAga paM. dayAcanda goyalIya 81-86933-03-4 3.00 05. bAlabodha jainadharma, cauthA bhAga paM. dayAcanda goyalIya 81-86933-04-2 4.00 06. naitika zikSA, prathama bhAga paM. nAthUlAla zAstrI 81-86933-05-0 4.00 07. naitika zikSA, dUsarA bhAga paM. nAthUlAla zAstrI 81-86933-06-9 4.00 08. naitika zikSA, tIsarA bhAga paM. nAthUlAla zAstrI 81-86933-07-7 7.00 09. naitika zikSA, cauthA bhAga paM. nAthUlAla zAstrI 81-86933-08-5 6.00 10. naitika zikSA, pAMcavA~ bhAga paM. nAthUlAla zAstrI 81-86933-09-3 6.00 11. naitika zikSA, chaThA bhAga paM. nAthUlAla zAstrI 81-86933-10-7 6.00 12. naitika zikSA, sAtavAM bhAga paM. nAthUlAla zAstrI 81-86933-11-5 6.00 13. The Jain Sanctuaries Dr. T.V.G. Shastri 81-86933-12-3 anupalabdha of the Fortress of Gwalior 14. jaina dharma - vizva dharma paM. nAthUrAma DoMgarIya jaina 81-86933-13-1 12.00 15. mUlasaMgha aura usakA prAcIna paM. nAthUrAma zAstrI 81-86933-14-x 70.00 sAhitya 16. Jain Dharma-Vishwa Pt. Nathuram 81-86933-15-8 20.00 Dharma Dongariya Jain 17. amara graMthAlaya indaura meM saMgRhIta DaoN. anupama jaina evaM 81-86933-16-6 anupalabdha pAMDulipiyoM kI sUcI DaoN. mahendra kumAra jaina 18. AcArya kundakunda zruta bhaMDAra DaoN. anupama jaina evaM 81-86933-17-4 anupalabdha khajurAho meM saMgRhIta pAMDulipiyoM DaoN. mahendra kumAra jaina kI sUcI 19. ma.pra. kA jaina zilpa zrI narezakumAra pAThaka 81-86933-18-2 300.00 20. bhaTTAraka yazakIrti di. jaina sarasvatI DaoN. anupama jaina evaM bhaMDAra, RSabhadeva (kezariyA jI) DaoN. mahendra kumAra jaina 81-86933-19-0 anupalabdha meM saMgRhIta pAMDulipiyoM kI sUcI kAna zilpa arhat vacana, 24 (1), 2012 101

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21. jainAcAra vijJAna AcArya muni sunIlasAgara 81-86933-20-4 anupalabdha 22. samIcIna sArvadharma sopAna paM. nAthUrAma DoMgarIya jaina 81-86933-21-2 20.00 23. An Introduction to Pt. Balbhadra Jain 8 1-86933-22-0 100.00 Jainism and its Culture 24. Ahimsa : The Ultimate Dr. N.P. Jain 81-86933-23-9 anupalabdha Winner 25. jIvana kyA hai? DaoN. anila kumAra jaina 81-86933-24-7 50.00 26. videzI saMgrahAlayoM meM bhArata kI zrI nareza kumAra pAThaka 81-86933-25-5 50.00 jaina mUrtiyA~ 27. Mathematical Contents Prof. L.C. Jain 81-86933-26-3 3000.00 of Digambara Jaina 81-86933-27-1 Per Set Texts of Karnanuyoga Group, Vol.-1&Vol. -2 28. jaina saMskRta sAhitya meM DaoN. saMskRti rA~vakA 81-86933-28-x anupalabdha zrI kRSNa carita eka adhyayana 29. adhyAtma se samRddhi, pro. pArasamala agravAla 81-86933-29-8 100.00 svAsthya evaM zAnti 30. tatvadezanA AcArya vizuddhasAgara 81-86933-30-1 anupalabdha 31. vyAvahArika gItA pro. prabhu nArAyaNa mizra 81-86933-31-x anupalabdha 32. nijAnanda zatakam AcArya yogIndrasAgara 'sAgara' 81-86933-32-8 10.00 33. kaliyuga kA krandana AcArya yogIndrasAgara sAgara' 81-86933-33-6 10.00 34. anupama zatakam AcArya yogIndrasAgara 'sAgara' 81-86933-34-4 10.00 35. saMbodhana zatakam AcArya yogIndrasAgara sAgara' 81-86933-35-2 10.00 36. svarNa zatakam AcArya yogIndrasAgara 'sAgara' 81-86933-36-0 10.00 37. muktikAMtA zatakam AcArya yogIndrasAgara sAgara' 81-86933-37-9 10.00 38. dharma zatakam AcArya yogIndrasAgara sAgara' 81-86933-38-7 10.00 39. svarUpa-saMbodhana parizIlana vimarza DaoN. surendra kumAra jaina 81-86933-39-5 svAdhyAya (saMgoSThI kI AkhyA) 40. samAdhitaMtra anuzIlana AcArya vizuddhasAgara 81-86933-40-9 anupalabdha 41. iMdaura graMthAvalI bhAga - 1 DaoN. anupama jaina evaM prakAzanAdhIna bra. anila jaina zAstrI noTa : pUrva ke sabhI sUcI patra radda kiye jAte haiN| mUlya parivartanIya haiN| prApti samparka : prabandhaka-kundakunda jJAnapITha, 584, mahAtmA gAMdhI mArga, tukogaMja, indaura - 452 001 arhat vacana, 24(1), 2012 102