Book Title: Indian Antiquary Vol 62
Author(s): Richard Carnac Temple, Charles E A W Oldham, S Krishnaswami Aiyangar, Devadatta Ramkrishna Bhandarka
Publisher: Swati Publications
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AUGUST, 1933)
CONJUNCT CONSONANTS IN DARDIO
[ 1 290
0. Prs. *adi + r stā- (GNPE.84), Skr. adhi+v8thā.; V. r išt-, Grw. (Dard) rit-, arise. 0. Prs. stā, Skr. rstha-, stand ; Gwr. Sanaüm, Trw. thū, 8. (?) hanus, I am.
Skr. stri; Kl, istri, Ag. istri, Bš. Wai, ištri, V. westi, Kš. triy, Paš. sli-ka, hli-ka, Gwr. 8i-galĩ, 8. cãi, cải, Trw. gi (see 8 287), Grw. , a woman.
In K. the word hæstu, an elephant, when it is the first member of a compound word, regularly becomes has, as in hasi gan, N. of a place (hasti-karna-). Similarly, Skr. prasasta>K. phrest" (through * prahasta., *phrayasta-), sg. obl. phrēsi, excellent.
1 This form would exclude the derivation from pupya-, as has been suggested above. Cf. N. W. Prakrit pung- (Konow, cx).
(2) Sibilant plus nasal.
If the sibilant precedes a nasal, in Prakrit the latter is aspirated, and the sibilant disappears (Pr. Gr. 8 312). Thus, śmmh. But in N.W. Prakrit (Konow, cxi), and in Dardio, on the contrary, it is the sibilant that is preserved.
Thus :
Skr. *Kasmirikā, Ks. Kašir, Kašmir. Through *Kasviria. With this and the next of. Ptolemy's Kaspeira.
Waxi, spā, our (cf. Skr. asmākam, *asvākam); Kh. ispā, we, our; V. asē, we, as, our; Kš. asi, we; $. asei, our; My.za, our (see P. L. 46).
V. esmo, aso, I am. Cf. Lahndā kösā, lukewarm (kavosnab). In Māgadhi Prakrit, the 8 is also retained (Pr. Gr. 9 314). So, for a sibilant following a nasal. Arabic inşāf, Bs. esop, justice. (3) Sibilant plus semi-vowel.
When a sibilant is united with a semi-vowel, in Prakrit the semi-vowel is assimilated (Pr. Gr. 8 315), so that rs, éy, sy, ór, , šv, sv, all> 88 or Māgadhi Prakrit 68. In Dardic and N.W. Prakrit (Konow, cxi), following the general rule of the languages, the sibilant is retained. Cf. Sindhi vais“, a Vaišya. Thus -
Skr. sirsa- ; $. sīs, Kl. My. šīs, šið, a head. Skr, nasyati, he is being destroyed ; Kl. r näs-, die. Skr. paśyati, he sees ; Kh. V pog., $. My. Trw. Kir pad., see.
Skr. asya- ; Kš. ąsi, Gwr, hasi, Wai. āš, Bš. Kl. adi, V. i8, Bš. also azi, R. (dial.) āzī; but My. Grw, ai, Trw. ai, s. ai, mouth.
Skr. manusya- ; Wai, manas, Gwr. manus, V. mus, $. musā, Kh. mos, My. mas, Trw. māş, Grw. mēš; but Bš. manci, Aš. mats, Kl. moc, a man. $. manūjo and Kš. mahanfv* are from mănuşa-.
Skr. afru- (Pr. amsu-); Kh. ašrū, ş. so, Kš. qše, Bk. acu, tear.
Av. stav., Prs. šunūdan, Skr. rsru- ; Kl. V san-, V. Vnus- (metathesis), My. V sun-, hear.
Skr. évēta- ; Kš. chyąt, white. Skr. évāpada- ; Kš. *tāpat-Shāpat-, a bear. Skr. svarna-, Bx. Ax. sön, 8. Wai. Gwr. son, Paš. sönä, Kh. sor-m, KX. son, V. siū, gold. Av. span., Skr. évan-; Gwr. duna, Ks. hūn*, s. ait, Waitsů, kl. sēr, Paš. dur-ing, a dog.
But, as in the case of asmäkam, *asvākam and Ptolemy's Kaspeira, above, and also of kv, cu, tv, the v often becomes p (88 289, 851). So also Shāh bāzgashi spasunam and spagra(=svarga-) Thus : :
Skr. svasār- ; Kh. ispusār, Tirāhi spaz, Grw. išpo, šū, Trw. šū, Wai. sõ8, AX, Bš. sus, V. siusu, Gwr. sase, Paš. sãi, $. så, a sister.
Av. aspa-, Skr. asva- ; Bš, ušp, $. ašpo or (dial.) apě, Kl. häš, a horse.
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