Indian Antiquary Vol 62

Author(s): Richard Carnac Temple, Charles E A W Oldham, S Krishnaswami Aiyangar, Devadatta Ramkrishna Bhandarka
Publisher: Swati Publications

Page 340

$316-317]
ON THE MODERN INDO-ARYAN VERNACULARS
[OCTOBER, 1933
316. Turning our attention now to IAV. I and I. We must first note that the latter letter occurs only in Marātbi, Gujarāti, Rājasthāni, Central and Western Pahăți, Panjābi, and Lahnda (all WIAV.) and also in Oriyā (EIAV.). In O. and probably in M. its existence is due to Dravidian influence. In all these an original medial single dentall becomes cerebralized to !, thus following the practice of the South Indian MSS. A medial double dental Il is, however, reduced to a single dental l, just as in some dialects of Pr. (Pr. Gr. 8 224) a single medial n>n, but a medial double nn remains unchanged. Konow (JRAS. 1902, 419) gives a number of instances from M. illustrating this rule, from which a few are given here :
(a) Medial single l. Pr. õlakkhai, M. õlakhan , to know ; Pr. käla, M. kal, time; Pr. kālaa-, M. kālā, black; Pr. dölaa, M. dölă, eye.
(6) Medial double u. Pr. kallam, M. kāl, yesterday ; Pr. ollaa-, M. ölā, wet ; Pr. ghallai, M. ghalang, to throw ; Pr. tella-, M. tēl, oil; Pr. bailla., M. bail, an ox.
Exactly the same rule holds in the other languages that possess !. The most striking instance is that of the Pr. calaï or callai, he goes. All these languages have a similar pair, viz., calai (calai) or cālai (callai). It is unnecessary to multiply examples. Cf. LSI. IX, ii, 20 (R.), 329 (G.); IX, iv, 116 (CPH.); and so for WPh.P. and L. A few typical examples may be given :Skr.
Ар. sódaśa, sixteen sólaha
G. sol, R. CPh. WPh. M. sốļā, P. L. soļa, o.
sóla; others sólah, &c. dadimah, a pome. dalimu G. dálam, R. dályü or daryu, CPh. W Ph. dalim granate
or dárim, M. dálimb, 0. dálim; but others
dálim, &c. kálakah, black kálau
R. G. kálo, P. CPh. WPh. L. káļa, 0. káļā,
others kālā, &c. bollai, he IAV. r böl-.
speaks kalyam, yester- kallu
JAV. kál, kalh, kal. day 317. In other languages a Pr. dental I usually remains 1 in H., but often becomce a dental r in EIAV. and S. Thus the B. word for a pomegranate is dārim. So haridrā, turmeric haláddā
H. haladi, EH. B. haradi. rájjuḥ, a string Ap. Mg. *láj. B. léjuri, A. léju.
judia sthálaḥ, great Pr. thoro
M. thor, great, but S. thólh", fatness. sariram, the Mg. Pr. salile A. Xaril.
body
In Bihār the rustics seem to be unable to distinguish between their dental and I, and constantly pronounce one for the other. Cf. the following pairs of B. words :
káriä and kála, black; thári and tháli, dish ; kérā and kélā, a plantain ; kapār and kapal, head; phar and phal, fruit; the English names Kelly' and Currie' both pronounced kári (Bs. Cp. Gr. i, 236); bar and bal, hair.
Finally, to quote a few instances of the changes of cerebrald to dentall from Bhn. 173:Skr. kröda, a lap, G. kholo, but (EIAV.) Bg. köl, B. kör (dental); Skr. cüdā, a lock of hair, Bg. cul, B. cūr (dental r); Skr. nigadah, a fetter, S. niar", nēra or nēlu (dental rand dental 1).
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