Ganittilakam Savrtuttikam

Author(s): Hiralal R Kapadia
Publisher: Oriental Research Institute Vadodra

Page 16

INTRODUCTION
35, 80, 005. The remainder 8, 01, 08, 175 gives us the letters of that part of s'ruta which is not contained in the Angas.1
While dealing with bhangasamutkirtana of Sangraha naya, the number of combinations pertaining to ānupūrvī and avaktuya, taken one, two etc. up to all at a time is mentioned as 7 in Anuyogadvara (sūtra 92).
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These are not the only instances where knowledge of the bhangas has been utilized by the Jainas; for, while discussing the ananupurvi of samayika, that of Namaskaramantra and that of nava padas forming Siddhacakra they have done so.
Out of these three, I shall here deal with only the first. Sämäyika is one of the six adhyayanas of Avas'yaka. It occupies the first place from the stand-point of purvānupūrvī, and the sixth, from the stand-point of pas'canupūrvī. Since the number of permutations of one to six taken all at a time is 720, the place of Sāmāyika according to anānupūrvē can be any one out of 720 minus 2 i. e. 718. This fact etc. is mentioned in Vis'eṣāvas'yakabhāsya as under:
"एगादेगुत्तरया छग्गच्छगया परोप्परन्भत्था । पुरिमतिमदुगहीणा परिमाणमणाणुपुव्वीणं ॥ ९४२ ॥ पुग्वाणुपुविट्ठा समयाभेएण कुण जहाजे उवरिमतुलं पुरओ नसेज पुव्वक्कमो सेसे ॥ ९४३ ॥
The Jainas have utilized their mathematical knowledge in tackling problems of various other kinds, too. Out of many one may be pointed out here viz. the number of ways of observing celibacy which is given as 18000.
The objects of the world can be grouped under two heads: (1) animate and (2) inanimate. The former is divided into two classes: (1) sthavara and (2) trasa having five and four sub-divisions respectively. Whenever an inanimate object is mistaken for an animate one, it, too, should be looked upon as animate. In such a case the number of the types of the animate objects comes to ten. Kṣamā etc.
1 See "the Sacred books of the Jainas" (Vol. II, p. 29).
2 For further details about ananupūrvi see Anuyogadvāra (sütras 114-120). 3 For a discussion in German see "Übersicht über die Avasyaka-Literatur" (pp. 41-42).