Nyaya Dipika

Author(s): Bansidhar Shastri
Publisher: Jain Granth Ratnakar Karyalay
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/022438/1

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Renowne nyAyadIpikA hindIbhASATIkAsahita / prakAzakazrIjananandharalAkara kAryAlaya /

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raa aashaa | zrIdharmabhUSaNayativiracita nyAyadIpikA | benI jilA eTAnivAsI paM0 khUbacandrajIkRta hindI bhASATIkAsahita / paM0 vaMzIdharajI zAstrIdvArA saMzodhita aura zrIjainagrantharatnAkara kAryAlayadvArA nirNayasAgara presa bambaI meM mudrita hokara prakAzita / prathamAvRtti ] zrIvIra ni0 saM0 2439 apraila 1913. [ mUlya //

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Published by Shri Nathuram Premi, Proprietor-Shri Jain-Grantha. Ratnakar Karyalaya, Hirabag, Near C. P. Tank-Bombay. Printed by R. Y. Shedge at the "N. S. Press' No 23 Kolbhat Lane, Kalbadevi Road, Bombay.

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nivedn| jo vidyArthI aura svAdhyAyapremI saMskRta nahIM jAnate haiM; parantu jainanyAyakA sAdhAraNa svarUpa jAnaneke lie utkaNThita rahate haiM, unake lie nyAyadIpikAkI yaha bhASATIkA prakazita kI jAtI hai| yadyapi nyAyakI sUkSma bAtoMkA samajhanA sAdhAraNa buddhivAloMkA kAma nahIM, to bhI AzA kI jAtI hai ki isa prayatnase bhASAkI acchI yogyatA rakhanevAloMko bahuta kucha lAbha hogaa| __ yaha TIkA jainasiddhAntapAThazAlA morenAke vidyArthI aura nyAyavAcaspati paM0 gopAladAsajI baraiyAke pradhAna ziSya paM0 khUbacandrajIne likhI hai aura isakA saMzodhana TIkAkArake jyeSThabhrAtA paM0 vaMzIdharajI zAstrI, adhyApaka jainapAThazAlA zolApurane kiyA hai| hamArI samajhameM ukta donoM paNDitamahAzayoMne isa viSayameM acchA parizrama kiyA hai aura kisI granthakI bhASATIkA likhanekA jo uddezya hai vaha bahuta aMzoMmeM saphala huA hai| nyAyadIpikAkI pahale bhI do bhASAvacanikAyeM hocukI haiM jinameMse eka to jayapuranivAsI paM0 pannAlAlajI dUnIvAloMkI banAI haI hai aura dUsarI nyAyadivAkara paM0 pannAlAlajIkI racI huI hai / inake sivA zAyada aura bhI ekAdha vacanikA ho; parantu hamako ukta vacanikAoMkI prApti na ho sakI / isake sivA vartamAna samayameM ukta vacanikAoMkI ekadezIya bhASAse sarvasAdhAraNako lAbha bhI nahIM pahuMca sakatA hai / isa lie hamane yaha naI TIkA likhavAnA hI ucita samajhA aura hamAre khayAlase jainiyoMko aba vartamAna hindIkI pratiSThA, sugamatA aura rASTrIyatAkA vicAra karake apane zAstroMko jahAMtaka bane isI hindI bhASAmeM parivartana kara DAlanA cAhie / jina logoMkA aisA vizvAsa hai ki purAnI bhASAmeM hI kucha mahattva aura pUjyatA hai, unase vivAda karanekI to hamameM zakti nahIM; parantu jo loga cAhate haiM ki hamAre zAstroM aura tattvoMkA sarvasAdhAraNameM bahulatAse pracAra ho unakI icchA aba vartamAna bhASAkA Azraya liye vinA pUrNa nahIM ho sktii| nyAyadIpikAke bhUlakartA zrIdharmabhUSaNa yati haiN| ye digambara sampradA.

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( 2 ) ke the| inakA ThIka ThIka samaya to jJAta nahIM; parantu mahAmahopAdhyAya pa0 satIzacandra vidyAbhUSaNa ema. e. bI. eca. DI. ne inheM IsvIsan 1600 ke * lagabhagake vidvAn batalAye haiM / zrIdharmabhUSaNajIne isa granthameM sugata, saugata, buddha, tathAgata, mImAMsaka, yauga, naiyAyika, bhaTTa, prabhAkara, diGgAga, samantabhadra, akalaGkadeva, zAlikAnAtha, syAdvAdavidyApati, bhaTTAraka mANikyanandi, bhaTTAraka kumAranandi, udayana Adi vividha sampradAyake AcAryoMkA aura prameyakamalamArtaNDa, rAjavArtika, zlokavArtika, tattvArthasUtra, tattvArthabhASya, AptamImAMsAvivaraNa, nyAyavinizcaya, pramANanirNaya, pramANaparIkSA, parIkSAmukha, nyAyabindu Adi granthoMkA ullekha kiyA hai / arthAt ina saba granthakarttAoM aura granthoMke ve pIche hue haiM aura upAdhyAya zrIyazovijaya gaNine apanI tarkabhASA nAmaka pustakameM inakA ullekha kiyA hai: : "itthaM vA jJAnanivartakatvena tarkasya prAmANyaM dharmabhUSaNoktaM satyeva, tatra mithyAjJAnarUpe vyavacchedye saMgacchate / " arthAt zrIyazovijayajIse ve pahale hue haiM / ullikhita AcAryoM aura yazovijayajIke samayakA vicAra karake hI mAlUma hotA hai ki vidyAbhUSaNa mahAzayane ukta samaya nizcita kiyA hai / dharmabhUSaNa yati saMbhavataH nandisaMghake AcArya the| inakA banAyA huA pramANavistAra nAmakA eka grantha aura bhI hai; parantu vaha hamAre dekhane meM nahIM AyA / inake sivA aura bhI koI racanA inhoMne kI hai yA nahIM, yaha mAlUma na ho sakA / isa granthake tIna prakAza yA adhyAya haiM: - pramANasAmAnyalakSaNa, pratyakSa aura parokSa / parokSajJAnameM smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAna, Agama aura naya garbhita kiye haiM / nyAyake pAribhASika zabdoMke lakSaNa aura unakA vivecana isameM bar3I hI uttamatA aura bArIkIse kiyA hai / isalie prAraMbhake vidyArthiyoMke lie yaha grantha bahuta hI upayogI hai| anya siddhAntoMkA vizeSakarake bauddhoM kA khaMDana to isameM khUba hI kiyA hai / yaha viSaya judA judA siddhAntoMkA vicAra karaneke lie bahuta kAmakA hai / isa granthakI racanA aura saMskRta bhI bahuta hI sundara hai / prakAzaka /

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vissysuucii| prathama prakAza / pRSTha. paMkti . 5 1 ... 2 11 7 maGgalAcArake prayojana. ... ... ... ... .... maGgala. ... ... ... granthAraMbhakA upoddhAta. ... uddezakA lakSaNa. lakSaNakA lakSaNa tathA prakAra. ... naiyAyikoka lakSaNakA lakSaNa. ... aura usakA khaNDana. ... avyApti, ativyApti, asaMbhavakA lakSaNa. parIkSAkA lakSaNa. ... ... ... ... ... ... pramANasAmAnyakA lakSaNa. ... ... ... ... ... pramANalakSaNagata 'samyak' zabdakI saphalatA. ... ... saMzaya, viparyaya, anadhyavasAya-mithyA jJAnoMkA lakSaNa.... pramANalakSaNagata 'jJAna' zabdakI sArthakatA pramANake lakSa Nako iMdriyAdikameM cale jAnekI zaMkA. ... ... isa zaMkAkA parihAra. ... ... ... ... ... pramANa lakSaNako bhaTTadvArA mAnehue dhArAvAhI jJAnameM __ ativyApta honekI AzaMkA. ... ... ... isakA uttara. ... ... ... ... ... ... dRSTavastu vismRta hojAnepara usako phirase jAnanevAlA jJAna pramANa na honA cAhiye aisI zaMkA aura isakA samAdhAna. ... ... ... ... ... pramANalakSaNakI nirvikalpajJAnameM ativyApti honese rokanA. ... ... ... ... ... ... pramANameM pramANapanA kyA hai? ... ... ... ... 12 14 14 15

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paMkti . pramANapane kI utpatti khayameva hotI hai isa mImAMsakamatakA __maNDana khaNDana. ... ... ... ... .... pramANatAkI jJapti kaise ? ... ... . pramANatAjJaptiko parAdhIna mAnanevAle yaugamatakA pUrvo ttarapakSa. ... ... ... ... ... ... bauddha ke pramANalakSaNameM doSa. ... ... bhaTTamatAnusAra pramANalakSaNameM doSa. ... prabhAkarake pramANalakSaNameM doSa. ... ... naiyAyikake pramANalakSaNameM doSa. ... aMtameM pUrNa niSpanna pramANalakSaNakA svarUpa. ... dvitIya prkaash| pratyakSapramANakA lakSaNa. ... ... ... ... ... 'vizada' zabdakA artha. ... ... ... ... ... bauddhake nirvikalpaka jJAnako pratyakSapramANa mAnanemeM doSa. artha, Aloka jJAnake kAraNa nahIM haiM. ... ... ... arthase ajanya jJAnako arthaprakAzaka hosakanekA nirUpaNa. arthagrahaNameM yogyatA kyA hai? ... ... jJAnameM arthAkAra honekA khaNDana.... ... ... ... yogake pratyakSalakSaNakA khaNDana. ... ... ... ... cakSuke aprApyakArI honemeM pUrvottara pakSa. ... ... pratyakSake do bheda aura prathamabhedake avagrahAdi cAra bheda. avagraha-jJAnakA lakSaNa. ... ... ... ... ... IhA-jJAnakA lakSaNa. ... ... ... ... avAya, dhAraNa jJAnoMkA lakSaNa ... ... ... IhAdi jJAnoMmeM apUrva viSayakI siddhi. ... ... ... prathamabhedake 'sAMvyavahArika' nAmakI sArthakatA. ... dUsare bheda pAramArthikakA lakSaNa tathA avadhi Adi tIna bhedoMkA varNana. ... ... ... ... ... 36 / ::::: 37

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3 pRSTa. 41 . . . 48 :: .. 52 kaivalyajJAnakA lakSaNa. ... ... ... ... ... avadhi, manaHparyaya jJAnoMmeM pAramArthikatvakI zaMkA tathA samAdhAna. ... ... ... ... ... ... iMdriyajanya jJAna hI pratyakSa ho sakatA hai yaha zaMkA tathA isakA samAdhAna. ... ... ... ... ... atIndriya jJAnako 'pratyakSa' zabdadvArA bolanekA hetu. ... mahat sarvajJa siddha karanA.... ... ... sarvajJake jJAnako atIndriya honekA hetu. ... ... ... arhanako nirdoSa dikhAnA. ... ... ... ... kapilAdike sarvajJa hone meM bAdhA. ... ... ... ... tIsarA prakAza / parokSapramANakA lakSaNa. ... ... ... ... ... naiyAyikoMke parokSalakSaNameM doSa. parokSake smaraNAdi pAMca bheda. ... ... ... ... smaraNakA kharUpa. ... ... ... ... smaraNako agRhItagrAhI dikhAnA.... ... pratyabhijJAnakA lakSaNabheda.... ... .... pratyabhijJAnako pratyakSAdise judA siddha karanA. upamAna pramANakA pratyabhijJAnake antarhita honA. tarkajJAna tathA vyAptikA kharUpa. ... ... pratyakSAdise isakI bhinnasiddhi. ... ... ... anumAnakA lakSaNa. ... ... ... ... ... naiyAyikoMke anumAnalakSaNameM doSa. hetukA lakSaNa. anumAnake sAdhyakA lakSaNa. ... anumAnake do bheda. ... ... ... khArthAnumAnake aMga. ... . tInaprakArake anumAna sthaloMkA varNana. . n 63 6 68 *32.

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pRSTha. ___paMkti. 75 77 0 50 * ww2 parArthAnumAnakA lakSaNa. ... ... ... naiyAyikoMke parAnumAnakA khaNDana.. ... ... parArthAnumAnake do avayavoMkA varNana. ... ... ... naiyAyikoMke pAMca avayavoMkA pratipAdana. ... ... isa pakSakA khaNDana. ... ... ... ... ... pratijJA avayavako mAnane na mAnaneke viSayameM bauddhamatAnu sAra pUrvottara pakSa. ... ... ... ... ... bauddhoktahetulakSaNakA svarUpa aura pakSadharmatvAdi tIna hetva. vayavoMkA varNana. ... ... ... ... ... isa matakA khaNDana. ... ... ... ... naiyAyikoMke hetuke pAMca aMgoMkA varNana.... ... naiyAyikamatAnusAra pAMca hetvAbhAsoMkA varNana. ... ... naiyAyikokta hetuavayavoMkA khaNDana. ... anvayavyatirekI hetukA svarUpa. ... ... kevalAnvayI hetukA svarUpa. ... ... kevalavyatirekIkA svarUpa.... ... ... hetuke "vidhi' pratiSedha do bhedoMkA sodAharaNa hetvAbhAsakA lakSaNa aura bheda. ... ... udAharaNakA lakSaNa. ... ... ... udAharaNAbhAsa. ... ... ... ... ... 'vyApya, vyApaka' zabdoMkA artha. ... ... naiyAyikota upAdhike lakSaNakA khaNDana. upanayakA lakSaNa. .... ... ... nigamanakA lakSaNa.... ... ... ..... AgamapramANakA lakSaNa, ... ... ... ... lakSaNagata pratyeka padakI saphalatA. ... ... AptakA lakSaNa. ... ... ... .... 91. 92 104 109 111 112 6 on nn .s* * - * * 116 . .....116 116 117 117 119

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pRSTha. isa lakSaNake pratyeka padakI sArthakatA. ... 119 naiyAyikAdike AptameM doSa. ... ... pramANake viSayabhUta arthakA lakSaNa. ... 121 naiyAyikoMke jAtipadArthakA khaNDana. ... * 121 vizeSa (paryAya) ke bheda.... ... ... 122 guNakA lakSaNa aura guNaparyAyoMmeM paraspara svarUpabheda. ... 123 dravyakA lakSaNa aura usakA jIvAjIva dravyoMmeM saMghaTana.... 124 nayakA lakSaNa aura usake dravyArthika, paryAyArthika aise do ... ... ... ... ... ... ... uparyukta donoM nayoMke AdhArapara suvarNAdi vastuke paryAyoM. meM paraspara bhedAbhedakA dikhAnA tathA sAta bhaMgoMmeM prathama tIna bhaMgoMkA siddha karanA. ... ... ... 128 zeSa cAra bhaMgoMkA nidarzana. ... ... ... ... eka vastumeM sAta bhaMgoMke mAnanemeM zaMkA samAdhAna. sarvathA abhedavAda mAnane meM doSa.... ... 131 sarvathA bhedavAda mAnane meM doSa. ... ... ... ... 132 anekAntavAdameM AkSepakA uttara. ... ... ... bheda. ... 127 129 130 - - 132

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Toges namaH siddhebhyH| zrIdharmabhUSaNayativiracitA nyaaydiipikaa| bhaassaattiikaasmetaa| granthake AdimeM maGgalAcaraNa karaneke cAra prayojana haiM,-(1) vinavighAta (2) ziSTAcAraparipAlana (3) nAstikatAparihAra aura (4) guNasmaraNa / isakA khulAsA isa prakAra hai ki 1 uttama kAryoMmeM aneka vighna AyA karate haiN| maGgalAcaraNa karanese utpanna hue zubha bhAvoMke nimittase usa antarAya karmakA anubhAga kSINa ho jAtA hai jo ki abhISTa kAryameM vighna karatA thA, isaliye vaha antarAyakarma iSTakAryameM bAdhaka nahIM ho sktaa| 2 sadAse ziSTa puruSa granthake prAraMbhameM maGgalAcaraNa karate haiM isaliye granthake prAraMbhameM maGgalAcaraNa karanA yuktisaGgata hai| 3 maGgalAcaraNa karanese puNya, pApa, ihaloka, paraloka, varga, naraka,mokSa ityAdi padArthoM meM granthakartAkI zraddhA jAna par3atI hai| 4 iSTa sukhakI prApti samyagjJAnase hotI hai, samyagjJAnakI prApti zAstrase aura zAstrakI utpatti Aptase hotI hai / isaliye iSTaphalakI siddhike paramparA sAdhanakharUpa Apta bhagavAnakA stavana upakArake smaraNArtha graMthAraMbhameM avazya kartavya hai|

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isa prakAra maGgalAcaraNake cAra prayojana vicArakara graMthAraMbhake samaya granthakAra maGgalAcaraNa karate haiM zrIvardhamAnamahantaM natvA bAlaprabuddhaye / / viracyate mitaspaSTasandarbhanyAyadIpikA // 1 // ___ antaraGga kevalajJAnAdirUpa aura bAhya samavasaraNAdirUpa donoM hI prakArakI lakSmIse yukta antima tIrthakara zrIvardhamAna khAmIko namaskAra karake-jo vyAkaraNa, kAvya, koSa, chanda, alaGkAra Adi aneka granthoMmeM pravINa haiM parantu nyAyazAstrameM anabhijJa haiM una bAlakoMkA nyAyazAstra meM praveza hojAya isaliye maiM saMkSipta aura saralaracanAyukta nyAyadIpikAko racatA huuN| "pramANanayairadhigamaH" iti mahAzAstratatvArthasUtram / tatkhalu paramapuruSArthaniHzreyasasAdhanasamyagdarzanAdiviSayabhUtajIvAditattvAdhigamopAyanirUpaNaparam / pramANanayAbhyAM hi vivecitA jIvAdayaH samyagadhigamyante / tavyatirekeNa jIvAdyadhigame prakArAntarAsambhavAt / tataeva jIvAdyadhigamopAyabhUtau pramANanayAvapi vivektavyau / tadvivecanaparAH prAktanagranthAH sanyeva, tathApi kecidvistRtAH kecidgambhIrA iti na tatra bAlAnAmadhikAraH / tatasteSAM sukhopAyena pramANanayAtmakanyAyasvarUpapratibodhakazAstrAdhikArasampattaye prkrnnmidmaarbhyte| zrI tattvArthAdhigama nAma mahAzAstrakA yaha sUtra hai ki"pramANanayairadhigamaH" (pramANa aura nayoMke dvArA jIvAdika padArthokA nizcaya hotA hai)| dharma, artha, kAma mokSa ina cAroM puruSArthoMmeM sarvotkRSTa jo mokSapuruSArtha, usakI prAptikA kAraNa

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samyagdarzana samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra hai| una samyagdarzanAdike viSayabhUta jIvAdi padArthoke zAna honekA upAya isa sUtrameM batAyA hai| inhI pramANa aura nayoMse jIvAdika padArthoM kA samyag vivecana ho sakatA hai / inake atirikta jIvAdika padArthoMke jAnanekA dUsarA upAya nahIM hai / isaliye jIvAdika padArthoMko jAnaneke upAyabhUta pramANa aura naya ina donoMkA vivecana bhI karanA cAhiye / yadyapi bahutase prAcIna granthoMmeM inakA varNana kiyA gayA hai, tathApi unameM kaI to atyanta vistIrNa haiM aura kaI atyanta gambhIra haiN| arthAt choTe hone parabhI unakA bhAva itanA kaThina hai ki sahasA samajhameM nahIM AsakatA / isaliye unameM bAlakoMkA praveza nahIM ho sakatA / ataH pramANanayAtmaka nyAyakA sarala upAyoMdvArA jJAna karAnevAle zAstroMmeM una jijJAsu bAlakoMkA praveza ho sake isaliye isa graMthakA Arambha kiyA jAtA hai| iha hi pramANanayavivecanamuddeza-lakSaNanirdeza-parIkSAdvAreNa kriyate / anuddiSTasya lakSaNanirdezAnupapatteH / anirdiSTalakSaNasya parIkSitumazakyatvAt / aparIkSitasya vivecanAyogAt / lokazAstrayorapi tathaiva vstuvivecnprsiddheH| yahAM para uddeza lakSaNa aura parIkSA ina tIna prakAroMse pramANa aura nayakA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / kyoMki jabataka kisIkA uddeza na kiyA jAyagA, arthAt usake nAmamAtra. kA kathana na kiyA jAyagA, yA usakA svarUpa na dikhAyA jAyagA, tabataka usa viSayakA vizeSa kathana nahIM ho sakatA 1 jIvAdi padArthoke zraddhAnako samyagdarzana, jAnaneko samyagjJAna tathA unameMse heyake tyAga aura upAdeyake grahaNa karaneko samyakcAritra kahate haiM /

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4 aura jabataka usakA lakSaNa na kiyA jAyagA, tabataka usakI parIkSA nahIM ho sakatI / aura vinA parIkSAke usa padArthakI vivecanA nahIM ho sakatI isaliye ina tInoMke dvArA pramANa aura nayoMkA vivecana kiyA jAtA hai / loka tathA zAstrameM inhIM tIna prakAroM dvArA vastuvivecana karanekI paripATI pracalita hai / tatra vivektavyanAmamAtrakathanamuddezaH / vyatikIrNavastuvyAvRttiheturlakSaNam / tadAhuvartikakArapAdAH - "parasparavyatikare sati yenAnyatvaM lakSyate tallakSaNam" iti / jisa vastukA vicAra karanA ho usake nAmamAtra kahaneko uddeza kahate haiM / anirdhArita vastusamUhameMse kisI eka vivakSita vastukA nirdhAra karAnevAle hetuko lakSaNa kahate haiM / zrIakalaGkasvAmIne bhI tattvArthavArtikAlaGkArameM yahI kahA hai ki - " paraspara milI huI vastuoMmeMse ( avizeSitarUpase upasthita huI vastuoMmeMse) kisI eka vastukI bhinnatA jisake dvArA samajhI jAya, usako 'lakSNa' kahate haiM" / dvividhaM lakSaNamAtmabhUtamanAtmabhUtaM ceti / tatra yadvastusvarUpAnupraviSTaM tadAtmabhUtam / yathAgnerauSNyam / auSNyaM hyagneH svarUpam tadagnimavAdibhyo vyAvartayati / tadviparItamanAtmabhUtam / yathA daNDaH puruSasya / daNDinamAnayetyukte hi daNDaH puruSAnanupraviSTa evaM puruSaM vyAvartayati / tadbhASyaM " tatrAtmabhUtamagrauSNyamanAtmabhUtaM devadattasya daNDaH" iti / I lakSaNa do prakArakA hotA hai- eka AtmabhUta dUsarA anAtmabhUta / jo vastuke svarUpase bhinna na ho usako AtmabhUta kahate haiM / jaise agnikA lakSaNa uSNatA / yaha uSNatA anikA svarUpa hokara hI jalAdika sampUrNa padArthoMse usa

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agniko bhinna batAtA hai / isaliye yaha ( uSNatA) agnikA AtmabhUta lakSaNa kahA jAtA hai| jo lakSaNa uparyukta prakArase AtmabhUta na ho use anAtmabhUta kahate haiM / arthAt jisakA lakSaNa karanA ho usake svakharUpase jisa hetukA svarUpa (svAtmA) bhinna ho, usako anAtmabhUta lakSaNa kahate haiN| jaise puruSakA lakSaNa daNDa / 'daNDinamAnaya' arthAt daNDavAleko lAo, aisA kahane para, lAnevAlA (AzApita manuSya) daNDako dekhakara dUsare padArthoMse usa puruSako bhinna samajha letA hai ki jisake pAsa daMDa ho yA jo daMDI ho / yahAM para dUsare padArthoMse bhinnatA batAnebAlA lakSaNarUpa daNDa, lakSyarUpa puruSake kharUpase abhinna nahIM hai kiMtu bhinna hai / isaliye aise lakSaNako anAtmabhUta lakSaNa kahate haiM / aisA hI gandhahastimahAbhASyameM bhI kahA hai ki-"agnikA 'uSNatA' AtmabhUta lakSaNa hai aura devadatta kA 'daNDa' anAtmabhUta lakSaNa hai|" asAdhAraNadharmavacanaM lakSaNamiti kecit / tadanupapannam / kaI matavAle sarvathA asAdhAraNa dharmako hI lakSaNakA lakSaNa kahate haiM, parantu yaha unakA kahanA ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki aisA mAnanese lakSaNameM avyApti, ativyApti, asambhava ye tInoM hI doSa Ate haiM / una doSoMkA Age ullekha karate haiN| lakSyadharmivacanasya lakSaNadharmavacanena sAmAnAdhikaraNyAbhAvaprasaGgAt / daNDAderataddharmasyApi lakSaNatvAcca / kiJca avyAptAbhidhAnasya lakSaNAbhAsasyApi tathAtvAt / lakSya aura lakSaNa ye donoM eka hI adhikaraNameM rahate haiM, aisA niyama hai| yadi aisA na mAnoge, to ghaTakA lakSaNa paTa bhI mAnanA pdd'egaa| parantu pravAdIke mAne hue lakSaNake anusAra, lakSya tathA lakSaNa rahanA eka hI adhikaraNameM nahIM bana sktaa| kyoMki usake matAnusAra lakSaNa, lakSyameM rahatA hai aura lakSya

Page #17
apane avayavoMmeM rahatA hai| jaise ki pRthivIkA lakSaNa gandha hai| vaha gandha pRthivImeM rahatA hai aura pRthivI apane avayavoMmeM rahatI hai| isI prakAra sabhI udAharaNoMmeM lakSya tathA lakSaNameM bhinnAdhikaraNatA hI siddha hotI hai / kahIM bhI ekAdhikaraNatA nahIM bntii| isaliye isa lakSaNake lakSaNameM asambhava doSa AtA hai / dUsare, puruSakA lakSaNa daNDa bhI hotA hai, parantu pravAdIke kathanAnusAra usameM lakSaNakA lakSaNa ghaTita nahIM hotaa| kyoMki daNDa puruSakA asAdhAraNa dharma nahIM hai / isaliye lakSyake kisI eka dezameM lakSaNake ghaTita na honese avyApti doSa AtA hai| tIsare, anyAptidoSasahita lakSaNAbhAsameM (alakSyameM ) bhI isa lakSaNake ghaTita honese ativyApti doSa AtA hai / kyoMki gaukA zAbaleyatvAdika, avyApti doSase dUSita honeke kAraNa vAstavika lakSaNa to nahIM hai parantu vaha asAdhAraNa dharma avazya hai / kyoMki vaha gauko chor3akara dUsarI jagaha nahIM rhtaa| Age ina doSoMkA ( avyApti, ativyApti, asambhava ) lakSaNa kahakara avyApti doSako ghaTita karate haiM; tathA hi-trayo lkssnnaabhaasbhedaaH| avyAptamativyAptamasambhavi ceti / tatra lakSyaikadezavRttyavyAptam , yathA goH zAvaleyatvam / lakSyAlakSyavRttyativyAptam, yathA tasyaiva pazutvam / bAdhitalakSyavRttyasambhavi, yathA narasya viSANitvam / atra hi lakSyakadezavartinaH punaravyAptasyAsAdhAraNadharmatvamasti na tu lakSyabhUtagomAtravyAvartakatvam / tasmAdyathoktameva lakSaNam / tasya kathanaM lkssnnnirdeshH|| 1 eka khAsa raMgakA nAma hai jo ki gauko chor3akara dUsarI jagaha nahIM rhtaa|

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jo vAstavika lakSaNa to nahIM ho, parantu lakSaNasarIkhA mAlUma par3e, usako lakSaNAbhAsa kahate haiN| usake tIna bheda haiMavyApta, ativyApta, aura asambhavI / jo lakSyake eka dezameM rahe, usako avyApta kahate haiM / jaise gaukA lakSaNa zAvaleyatva / kyoMki yaha zAvaleyatva yadyapi gauko chor3akara dUsarI jagaha nahIM rahatA, tathApi lakSyabhUta gomAtrameM bhI na rahakara kucha khAsa gauoMmeM hI rahatA hai| isaliye lakSyake eka dezameM hI rahanevAle gauke isa zAvaleyatva lakSaNako avyAptanAmaka lakSaNAbhAsa kahate haiM / isI prakAra dUsarI jagaha bhI smjhnaa| jo lakSyamAtrameM rahakara alakSyameM bhI rahe, usako ativyApta lakSaNa kahate haiM / jaise gaukA lakSaNa pazutva / yaha lakSaNa gomAtrameM rahate hue lakSyase bhinna bhaiMsa bagairahameM bhI rahatA hai / isaliye isako ativyApta lakSaNa kahate haiN| jisakA lakSyameM rahanA pratyakSAdi pramANase sarvathA bAdhita ho, usako asambhavI kahate haiN| jaise manuSyakA lakSaNa sIMga / yaha manuSyakA lakSaNa kisI bhI manuSyameM ghaTita nahIM hotA isaliye isa lakSaNako asambhavI lakSaNa kahate haiM / yahAM para lakSyake eka dezameM rahanevAlA avyApta lakSaNa asA. dhAraNadharmakharUpa to hai parantu lakSyabhUta sampUrNa gAyoMko anya vastuoMse judA karanevAlA (vyAvartaka) nahIM hai / isaliye prativAdIkA kahA huA lakSaNa ThIka nahIM hai kintu hamane jo siddhAnta lakSaNa kahA hai vahI ThIka hai aura usIke kathanako lakSaNanirdeza kahate haiN| viruddhanAnAyuktiprAbalyadaurbalyAvadhAraNAya pravartamAno vicAraH parIkSA / sA khalvevaM cedevaM syAdevaM cedevaM syAdityevaM pravartate / pramANanayayorapyuddezaH sUtra eva kRtaH / lakSaNamidAnIM nirdeSTavyaM parIkSA ca yathaucityaM bhaviSyati / uddezAnusAreNa

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. lakSaNakathanamiti nyAyAtpradhAnatvena prathamoddiSTasya pramANasya tAvallakSaNamanuziSyate / paraspara viruddha aneka yuktiyoMmeMse, kaunasI yukti prabala hai aura kaunasI durbala hai isa bAtake nizcaya karanekeliye 'yadi aisA mAnA jAyagA to aisA hogA aura usake viruddha aisA mAnA jAyagA to aisA hogA' isa prakAra jo vicAra kiyA jAtA hai, usako parIkSA kahate haiM / pramANa aura naya ina doMnokA uddeza to sUtrameM hI kiyA jA cukA hai, kiMtu aba usakA lakSaNa kahanA cAhiye / lakSaNa kahane para jaisA ucita hogA, parIkSA svayaM hojAyagI / yaha nyAya hai ki, "jisa kramase uddeza kiyA jAya, usI kramase lakSaNa bhI honA cAhiye" / nayoMse pramANa pradhAna hai, isaliye sUtrameM nayoMse pahale kahe hue pramANakA hI lakSaNa prathama kahate haiM: samyagjJAnaM pramANam / atra pramANaM lakSyam / samyagjJAnatvaM tasya lakSaNam / goriva sAsnAdimadhvam, amerivauSNyam / atra samyakpadaM saMzayaviparyayAnadhyavasAyanirAsAya kriyate / apramANatvAdeteSAM jJAnAnAmiti / tathA hi samIcIna jJAnako pramANa kahate haiM / yahAM para pramANa to lakSya hai aura samyagjJAnatva usakA lakSaNa hai / jaise gaukA lakSaNa sAMsnAdimatva athavA agnikA lakSaNa uSNatA / arthAt yaha pramANa kA lakSaNa AtmabhUta lakSaNa hai / 1 yahAM para jJAnake sAtha jo samyak zabda viparyaya, anadhyavasAyarUpa tIna mithyA diyA hai vaha saMzaya, jJAnoMke nirAkaraNa 1 gAyake galemeM jo mAMsala camar3A laTakatA rahatA hai, usako sAnA kahate haiN|

Page #20
karaneke liye diyA hai| kyoMki ye jJAna apramANa haiN| inakI apramANatA Age dikhAte haiM viruddhAnekakoTisparzi jJAnaM saMzayaH / yathAyaM sthANurvA puruSo veti / sthANupuruSasAdhAraNordhvatAdidarzanAttadvizeSasya vakrakoTaraziraHpANyAdeH sAdhakapramANasyAbhAvAdanekakoTyavalambitvaM jJAnasya / viparItaikakoTinizcayo vipryyH| yathA zuktikAyAmidaM rajatamiti jJAnam / atrApi sAdRzyAdinimittavazAcchuktiviparIte rajate nizcayaH / kimityaalocnmaatrmndhyvsaayH| yathA pathi gacchatastuNasparzAdijJAnam / idaM hi nAnAkoTyavalambanAbhAvAna sNshyH| viparItaikakoTinizcayAbhAvAna viparyayaH / iti pRthageva / etAni ca svaviSayapramitijanakatvAbhAvAdapramANAni jJAnAni bhavanti / samyagjJAnAni tu na bhavantIti samyakpadena vyudasyante / jJAnapadena pramAtuH pramitezvavyAvRttiH / asti hi nirdoSatvena tatrApi samyaktvam / na tu jJAnatvam / paraspara viruddha aneka koTiyoMkA (pakSa, yA viSayoMkA ) avalaMbana karanevAle jJAnako saMzaya kahate haiM / jaise kisI sthANu (vRkSake DhUMTha) yA puruSameM yaha sthANu hai athavA puruSa aisA jJAna honA / yahAM para donoMmeMse kisI bhI pakSakA nizcaya nahIM hai| donoMmeM hI sandeha hai / isaliye isa jJAnako saMzaya kahate haiN| . sthANu aura puruSAdika donoM hI koTiyoMmeM dIkhanevAle UMcAI Adi sAdhAraNa dhauke dekhanepara tathA unake vizeSa dharma jaise sthANuke vakakoTarAdi (khokhala) aura puruSake sira hAtha Adi na dIkhane para kintu ina vizeSa dharmoMkA smaraNa uTha Ane para donoM koTiyoMkA avalambana karanevAlA saMzayajJAna utpanna hotA hai|

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jisameM viparIta eka koTikA nizcaya ho usako viparyaya kahate haiM / jaise sIpameM yaha cAMdI hai aisA jJAna honA / yahAMpara bhI sIpameM cAMdIke sadRza cAkacikya Adi sadRza dharmoko dekhakara usameM ( sIpameM ) usake viparIta cAMdIkA zAna hotA hai| __ yaha kyA hai, isa prakArakA jo jJAna hotA hai, usako anadhya. vasAya kahate haiM / jaise rAstA calanevAleko tRNa yA kAMTe Adike sparzamAtrase yaha kucha padArtha hai aisA jJAna hotA hai usako anadhyavasAya kahate haiM / isa zAnameM viruddha do yA tIna Adi koTiyoMkA avalambana nahIM hai, isaliye isako saMzaya nahIM kaha sakate / viparIta eka koTikA nizcaya nahIM hai, isaliye yaha viparyaya bhI nahIM hai| ataH yaha donoMse vilakSaNa eka tIsarA hI anadhyavasAya nAmaka mithyAjJAna hai / ina tInoMmeM hI apane 2 viSayakA yathArtha nizcaya nahIM hotA isaliye ina tInoM jJAnoMko mithyA kahate haiM / parantu samyarajJAna aisA nahIM hai, arthAt usameM yathArtha pratibhAsa hotA hai| isaliye jo jJAnake sAtha samyak pada lagAyA hai, usase una tInoM mithyA jJAnoMkA nirAkaraNa hojAtA hai| jJAnazabdase pramAtA aura premitikI vyAvRtti hotI hai / kyoMki yadyapi pramAtA aura pramitima nirdoSapanA honese samIcI. natA hai, tathApi jJAnapanA nahIM hai| nanu pramitikartuH pramAtutRitvameva na jJAnatvamiti, yadyapi jJAnapadena pramAtuvyAvRttistathApi pramitine vyAvartayituM zakyA tasyA api samyagjJAnatvAditi cedbhavedevaM yadi bhAvasAdhanamiha jJAnapadam / karaNasAdhanaM khalvetajjJAyate'neneti jJAnamiti / 1 nizcaya krnevaalaa| 2 pramANake phalako pramiti kahate haiM, aisA Age kheNge|

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11 " kareNAdhAre cAnaT" iti karaNepyanapratyayAnuzAsanAt / bhAvasAdhanaM tu jJAnapadaM pramitimAha / anyaddhi bhAvasAdhanAtkaraNasAdhanaM padam / evameva pramANapadamapi pramIyate'neneti karaNasAdhanaM kartavyam, anyathA samyagjJAnapadena sAmAnAdhikaraNyA'ghaTanAt / tena pramitikriyAM prati yatkaraNaM tatpramANamiti siddham / taduktaM pramANanirNaye " idameva hi pramANasya pramANatvaM yatpramitikriyAM prati sAdhakatamatvena karaNatvam " iti / ( zaGkA ) pramitikA kartA jo pramAtA hai, vaha jJAtA hai kiMtu svayaM jJAna nahIM hai / isaliye yadyapi pramAtAkI jJAnazabdase vyAvRtti hotI hai, tathApi pramitikI vyAvRtti nahIM ho sktii| kyoMki pramiti bhI yathArtha jJAnasvarUpa hI hai / ( uttara ) aisA taba ho sakatA thA jaba ki yahAMpara jJAnazabda bhAvasAdhana hotA / kintu yahAMpara isa jJAnazabdako mAnA hai karaNasAdhana / usakI vyAkaraNake anusAra 'jJAyate'neneti jJAnam' aisI nirukti bhI hotI hai tathA "karaNAdhAre cAnaT" isa vyAkaraNasUtrase karaNa arthameM anaT pratyaya hotA hai / jo jJAnazabda bhAvasAdhana hai vaha pramitikA hI vAcaka hai / kiMtu bhAvasAdhana jJAnazabdase karaNasAdhana jJAnazabda eka bhinna hI zabda hai / isI prakAra pramANa zabdako bhI 'pramIyate'neneti pramANam' aisI nirukti ke anusAra yahAMpara karaNa sAdhana hI samajhanA cAhiye / kyoMki yadi aisA na mAnA jAyagA, to pramANazabdakA samyajJAnazabda ke sAtha ekAdhikaraNatA nahIM bana sakegA / isase yaha bAta siddha huI ki pramitikriyA ke ( jAnanerUpa kriyA ) prati jo karaNa hai, vaha pramANa hai / pramANanirNaya meM bhI aisA hI 1 yaha jainendra mahAvyAkaraNakA sUtra hai /

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12 kahA hai ki - " pramANakI pramANatA yahI hai ki jo pramitirUpa kriyAke prati sAdhakatamarUpase karaNa ho" / nanvevamapyakSaliGgAdAvativyAptirlakSaNasya tatrApi pramiti - rUpaM phalaM prati karaNatvAt / dRzyate hi cakSuSA pramIyate, dhUmena pramIyate, zabdena pramIyate iti vyavahAraH iti / cenna, akSAdeH pramitiM pratyasAdhakatamatvAt / tathA hi ( zaGkA ) pramANakA aisA lakSaNa mAnane para bhI, indriya liGgAdikameM isa lakSaNakI ativyApti hotI hai / kyoMki pramitike prati indriya tathA liGgAdika bhI karaNa haiM / aisA lokameM vyavahAra dekhA jAtA hai ki, maiM cakSuke dvArA isa padArthako jAna rahA hUM, athavA dhUmake dvArA isa padArthako jAna rahA hUM, yadvA amuka vastuko zabdake dvArA jAna rahA hUM / (uttara) aisA kahanA ThIka nahIM hai / kyoMki indriyAdika pramiti ke prati sAdhakatama nahIM haiN| sAdhakatama kyoM nahIM haiM ? isa bAtako Age spaSTa rIti se dikhalAte haiM / pramitiH pramANasya phalamiti na kasyApi vipratipattiH / sA cAjJAnanivRttirUpA tadutpattau karaNena bhavatA satA tAva - dajJAnavirodhinA bhavitavyam / na cAkSAdikamajJAnavirodhi, acetanatvAt / tasmAdajJAnavirodhinazcetanadharmasyaiva karaNatvamucitam / loke'pyandhakAravighaTanAya tadvirodhI prakAza evopAsyate, na punarghaTAdi, tadavirodhitvAt / pramiti, pramANakA phala hai isa viSaya meM kisIkA bhI vivAda nahIM hai / yaha pramiti ajJAnakI nivRttirUpa hai isaliye usakI utpattimeM jo karaNa ho vaha ajJAnakA virodhI honA cAhiye / indriyAdika jo karaNa kahe ve ajJAnake virodhI nahIM

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13 haiM kyoMki acetana haiM / isaliye ajJAnake virodhI caitanya dharmako hI pramitike prati karaNa mAnanA ucita hai / lokameM bhI andhakAra haTAnake liye usake virodhI prakAzakA hI Azraya lenA par3atA hai, na ki ghaTAdikakA / kyoMki vaha (ghaTa) usa aMdhakArakA virodhI nahIM hai / isaliye indriyAdika jaba pramitike prati karaNa hI nahIM haiM to unameM pramANake lakSaNakI ativyApti kaise AsakatI hai ? kicAkhasaMviditatvAdakSAdernArthapramitau sAdhakatamatvaM svAvabhAsanAzaktasya parAvabhAsakatvAyogAt / jJAnaM tu svaparAvabhAsakaM pradIpAdivatpratItam / tataH sthitaM pramitAvasAdhakatamatvAdakaraNamakSAdaya iti / cakSuSA pramIyate ityAdivyavahAre punarupacAraH zaraNam / upacArapravRttau ca sahakAritvaM nibandhanam / na hi sahakAritvena tatsAdhakamidamiti karaNaM nAma, sAdhakavizeSasyAtizayavataH karaNatvAt / taduktaM jainendre"sAdhakatamaM karaNaH / " tasAna lkssnnsyaakssaadaavtivyaaptiH| padArthakA jJAnakaranemeM indriyoMko sAdhakatama na hosakanekA dUsarA hetu yaha bhI hai ki indriyAM akhasaMvedI haiM arthAt ve apane kharUpako nahIM jAnatIM / jo apane svarUpako hI nahIM jAna sakatA vaha dUsareko bhI prakAzita kaise kara sakatA hai? hamane jo jJAnako sAdhakatama mAnA hai, so dIpakakI taraha apaneko bhI aura dUsareko bhI prakAzita karanevAlA hai|shaan nija aura parako prakAzita karatA hai yaha bAta sabhIko apane 2 anubhavase mAnya hai| isaliye yaha bAta siddha huI ki pramitike prati sAdhakatama na hosakaneke kAraNa indriyoMko karaNa nahIM kaha skte| yahAM para yadyapi yaha pratIti batAI gaI thI ki 'maiM apanI AMkhake dvArA bhale prakAra jAnatA hUM' aura isa pratItise yaha bAta siddha kI gaI thI

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14 ki indriyAM pramitike prati karaNa ho sakatI haiM paraMtu yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki yaha pratIti jo hotI hai vaha upacArase hotI hai / kucha 2 jJAnoM kI utpattimeM ye iMdriyA~ sahAyaka hotI haiM avazya yahI kAraNa hai ki aisI upacArayukta pratIti hotI hai / sahakArI honese iMdriyoMko sAdhaka kaha sakate haiM / parantu ve sAdhaka haiM etAvatA karaNa bhI ho gaI yaha bAta svIkRta nahIM ho sakatI hai, kyoMki karaNa usIko kahanA cAhiye jo kriyAke prati, atizaya karake sAdhaka ho / jainendra vyAkaraNameM bhI karaNakA lakSaNa yahI kahA hai ki " sAdhakatamaM karaNaH" arthAt jisake vyApArake anantara niyamase kAryakI utpatti ho usako karaNa kahate haiM / indriyAM pramiti ke prati sAdhaka honepara bhI sAdhakatama na honeke kAraNa karaNa nahIM haiM / ataeva pramANakA jo yaha lakSaNa kiyA thA ki pramitike prati jo sAdhakatama ho usako pramANa kahate haiM isa lakSaNakI indriyAdikoMmeM, ativyApti nahIM AsakatI / athApi dhArAvAhikabuddhiSvativyAptistAsAM samyagjJAnatvAt / na ca tAsAmArhatamate prAmANyAbhyupagama iti / ucyateekasminneva ghaTe ghaTaviSayAjJAnavighaTanArthamAdye jJAne pravRtte tena ghaTapramitau siddhAyAM punarghaToyaM ghaToyamityevamutpannAnyuttarotarajJAnAni khalu dhArAvAhikajJAnAni / na hyeSAM pramitiM prati sAdhakatamatvaM prathamajJAnenaiva pramiteH siddhatvAt / kathaM tatra lakSaNamativyApnoti teSAM gRhItagrAhitvAt / ( zaGkA ) yadyapi indriyAdikoM meM isa lakSaNakI ativyApti nahIM hai tathApi dhArAvAhika buddhimeM, ativyApti, avazya ho jAyagI / arthAt aisA lakSaNa mAnanepara dhArAvAhika buddhiko bhI pramANa mAnanA par3egA / parantu, Arhata matameM (jainamatameM) isako

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15 1 pramANa nahIM mAnA hai / aura ApakA kiyA huA lakSaNa isameM bhI ghaTita hotA hai / isaliye, ativyApti, avazya sambhava hai / (uttara) kisI bhI eka viSayakA ajJAna dUra karanekeliye jo usa viSayakA prathama jJAna utpanna hotA hai usake anantara phira bhI bAra 2 jo usI viSayakA jJAna ho usako dhArAvAhika kahate haiM / jaise pahale ghaTaviSayaka jo, ajJAna thA usako dUra karane ke liye ghaTakA jJAna ho cukanepara phira jo "yaha ghaTa hai yaha ghaTa hai" aisA jJAna kaI jJAnataka hotA hai usako dhArAvAhika buddhi kahate haiM / isameM bhI hamAre kiye hue lakSaNakI ativyApti nahIM ho sakatI, kyoMki yaha bhI pramiti ke prati sAdhakatama nahIM hai| kAraNa yaha ki pramiti to prathama jJAnase hI siddha ho cukI, phira pIche honevAle dhArAvAhika jJAnane kyA kiyA ? jisako pahale jJAnane viSaya kiyA hai dhArAvAhika kevala usIko bAra 2 viSaya karatA hai, arthAt gRhItagrAhI honese usameM, ativyApti nahIM AsakatI / ataeva (gRhItagrAhI honese ) yaha pramANa bhI nahIM hai / nanu ghaTe dRSTe punaranyavyAsaGge pazcAd ghaTa eva dRSTe pazcAtamaM jJAnamapramANatvaM prApnoti dhArAvAhikavaditi cenna dRSTasyApi madhye samArope satyadRSTatvAt / taduktaM " dRSTopi samAropAttAdRk" iti / etena nirvikalpa ke sattAlocanarUpe darzanepyativyAptiH parihRtA / tasyAvyavasAyarUpatvena pramitiM prati karaNatvAbhAvAt / nirAkArasya darzanasya jJAnatvAbhAvAcca nirAkAraM darzanaM sAkAraM jJAnamiti pravacanAt / tasmAt pramANasya samyagjJAnamiti lakSaNaM nAtivyAptaM nApyavyAptaM lakSyayoH pratyakSaparokSayorvyApyavRtteH / nApyasambhavi lakSyavRtterabAdhitatvAt / ( zaGkA ) yadi gRhItagrAhI - jAnehue padArthako jAnanevAle

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zAnako, apramANa mAnate ho to dhArAvAhikakI taraha jisa kSAnane pahale ghaTAdika padArthako viSaya kiyA aura phira kucha kA. lake liye kisI dUsare kAmameM lagajAneke kAraNa vaha zAna chUTa gayA ho to usI ghaTAdika padArthakA dUsarI bAra honevAlA jo zAna usako bhI, apramANa kahanA pdd'egaa| (uttara) yaha zaGkA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki jisa padArthako ekabAra jAna bhI liyA ho paraMtu usake pIche yadi manoyoga dUsarI tarapha lagajAya aura vaha prathama viSaya manogata na rahe to vaha prathama viSaya ajJAtasA hI ho jAtA hai / aisA hI zrImANikyanandisvAmIne parIkSAmukhameM kahA hai ki "dRSTopi samAropAttAdRk" iti / arthAt jisako ekabAra jAna bhI liyA paraMtu usake anantara samAropa honepara vaha, adRSTasA hI hai / isaliye jisake bIcameM vyAsaGga, AgayA ho usake dUsare bAra honevAle zAnako bhI apramANa nahIM khskte| dhArAvAhika jJAnake bIcameM kisI prakArakA vyavadhAna nahIM par3atA kintu uttarottara pUrvaviSayaka hI jJAna hotA calA jAtA hai isaliye yaha dhArAvAhika jJAna tathA vyAsaMga par3aneke anantara utpanna honevAlA jJAna, ye donoM ekase nahIM ho sakate / (zaGkA) yadyapi acetana honese indriya aura gRhItagrAhI honese dhArAvAhika buddhi, pramANa nahIM hai ataeva inameM pramANakA lakSaNa ghaTita na honese pramANake lakSaNameM, ativyApti nahIM AsakatI, parantu nirvikalpaka, aura sattAmAtrako (mahAsattA) vi. Saya karanevAle darzanameM ativyApti, avazya AjAyagI, kyoMki caitanyakI paryAya honese vaha, acetana bhI nahIM hai, aura sAmAnyAvalokanarUpa darzanake anantara hI vizeSAvalokana hotA hai, ataH pramitike prati karaNa bhI hai, ataH vahI pramANa hai| parantu Apane (jainoMne) usako pramANa nahIM mAnA hai isaliye, Apake isa pramANalakSaNakI darzanameM ativyApti AnA saMbhava hai|

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(uttara) darzanameM, ativyApti nahIM AsakatI, kyoMki yadyapi vaha, acetana nahIM hai tathApi anizcayAtmaka honese pramitike prati karaNa nahIM ho sakatA hai / darzanameM "yaha ghaTa hai" yA "yaha paTa hai" isa prakAra vizeSarUpase pratibhAsa nahIM hotA, isaliye anizcayarUpa vaha darzana pramitikA karaNa nahIM hosakatA / yadi, anizcayarUpa bhI pramitikA karaNa mAnA jAyagA to saMzaya yA viparIta jJAna bhI pramitike karaNa ho jaayge| isaliye tathA darzana nirAkAra honese zAnakharUpa nahIM hosakatA isaliye bhI kevala samyagjJAnako hI pramitikA karaNa mAnanA cAhiye na ki darzanako; kyoMki, AcAryoMne darzanako nirAkAra aura zAnako sAkAra mAnA hai| pramANakA "samyagjJAna" yaha lakSaNa, apane sampUrNa pratyakSa parokSAdika bhedoMmeM vyApta hokara rahatA hai tathA pramANake atirikta, aviSayarUpa indriyAdikoMmeM nahIM rahatA isaliye isameM, avyApti yA ativyAptimeMse koI bhI doSa nahIM hai| asambhava doSa to yahAM saMbhava hI nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki, isa lakSaNakA lakSyamAtrameM (pramANameM ) rahanA kisI taraha bhI bAdhita nahIM hai| . kimidaM pramANasya prAmANyaM nAma : pratibhAtaviSayAvyabhicAritvam / tasyotpattiH katham ? svata eveti miimaaNskaaH| prAmANyasya svata utpattiriti jJAnasAmAnyasAmagrImAtrajanyatvamityarthaH / taduktaM, "jJAnotpAdakatvanatiriktajanyatvamutpattau khatastvam" iti / pramANakA prAmANya (pramANapanA, samyagjJAnapanA ) kyA hai? jo viSaya, jJAnase pratibhAsita huA ho vaha kisI prakAra bhI jhUThA siddha na hosakai isIko prAmANya kahate haiM / usa prAmANyakI utpatti kisa tarahase hotI hai ? nyA0 dI. 2

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* mImAMsakamatavAle prAmANyakI utpatti svataH mAnate haiN| prAmANyakI khataH utpattikA matalaba yaha hai ki jJAna sAmAnyakI utpattimeM jo sAmagrI lagatI hai usIse usa (zAna )meM prAmANya bhI utpanna ho jAtA hai, usake sivA kisI adhika sAmagrIkI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| mImAMsakoMke granthoM meM aisA hI kahA hai ki "prAmANyakI utpatti honemeM jJAnake utpAdaka kAraNoMko chor3akara dUsare kisI navIna kAraNakI apekSA na honA hI svatastva hai| na te mImAMsakAH jJAnasAmAnyasAmagryAH saMzayAdAvapi jJAnavizeSe sattvAt / vayaM tu brUmahe jJAnasAmAnyasAmagryAH sAmyepi saMzayAdirapramANaM, samyagjJAnaM pramANamiti vibhAgastAvadanivandhano na bhavati / tataH saMzayAdau yathA hetvantaramaprAmANye doSAdikamaGgIkriyate tathA pramANepi prAmANyanibandhanamanyadavazyamabhyupagantavyam, anyathA prmaannaaprmaannvibhaagaanupptteH| parantu ve yathArtha mImAMsaka nahIM haiM kyoMki jJAnasAmAnyakI utpAdaka josAmagrI hai vaha saMzayAdikameM bhI-jo ki jJAnavizeSa haiM-rahatI hai, kiMtu usameM pramANatA utpanna nahIM hotii| hama to isa viSayameM aisA kahate haiM ki yadyapi jJAnasAmAnyakI utpAdaka sAmagrI, samIcIna aura mithyA donoM hI prakAra ke zAnoMmeM samAna hai tathApi "saMzayAdika apramANa haiM, samyagjJAna pramANa hai" yaha vicArabheda niSkAraNa nahIM ho sakatA / isaliye jisa prakAra saMzayAdikameM apramANatAke utpAdaka kAraNa, jJAnasAmAnyakI sAmagrIke sivA dUsare doSAdika mImAMsakoMne mAne haiM, usI prakAra samIcIna jJAnameM pramANatAke utpAdaka kAraNa bhI - 1 samIcIna vicAra karanevAleko bhI mImAMsaka kahate haiN|

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19 dUsare hI mAnane caahiye| ve dUsare vizeSa kAraNa nairmalya Adika guNa hI ho sakate haiM / nahIM to yaha pramANa hai aura yaha apramANa hai, aisA vibhAga kaise ho sakatA ? evamapyaprAmANyaM parataH prAmANyaM tu svata iti na vaktavyaM, viparyaye'pi samAnatvAt / zakyaM hi vaktumaprAmANyaM svataH prAmANyaM tu parata iti / tasmAdaprAmANyavatprAmANyamapi parata evotpadyate / nahi paTasAmAnya sAmagrI raktapaTe hetustadvanna jJAnasAmAnyasAmagrI pramANajJAne hetu:, bhinnakAryayorbhinnakAraNaprabhavatvAvazyambhAvAt / isapara kadAcit Apa yaha kaheMge ki "aprAmANyakI utpatti meM vizeSa kAraNoM kI apekSA hotI hai aura prAmANya svataH hI utpanna hotA hai / " paraMtu yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai / kyoMki yadi hama isase ulaTA kahane lage to usa kathanameM bhI koI bAdhaka nahIM ho sakatA / arthAt hama yaha bAta kaha sakate haiM ki "aprAmANya svataH hotA hai aura prAmANya parataH utpanna honA cAhiye / " isaliye aprAmANyakI taraha prAmANyakI utpatti honA bhI Apako itara kAraNoMse hI mAnanA cAhiye / jisa prakAra vastrasAmAnyakI sAmagrI rakta vastrakA kAraNa nahIM hosakatI usI prakAra jJAnasAmAnyakI sAmagrI bhI pramANajJAnakA kAraNa nahIM hosakatI / kyoMki yaha niyama hai ki "bhinna 2 kAryoMkI utpatti bhinna 2 kAraNoMke binA nahIM hotI / " kathaM tasya jJaptiH ? abhyaste viSaye svataH, anabhyaste tu parataH / koyamabhyasto viSayaH ko vAnabhyastaH 1 ucyateparicitakhagrAmataTAkajalAdirabhyastaH, tadvyatirikto'nabhyastaH / kimidaM svata iti kiM nAma parata iti ? jJAnajJApakAdeva prAmANyasya jJaptiH svata iti / tatotiriktAjjJaptiH parata iti /

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usakA jJAna kisa taraha hotA hai ? arthAt yaha merA jJAna pramANa hai, yaha kisa taraha mAlUma hotA hai ? (uttara ) prAmANyakA jJAna, abhyasta viSayameM svataH hotA hai aura anabhyasta viSayameM parataH hotA hai / abhyasta viSaya kauna? aura anabhyasta kauna ? (uttara) jo apane paricita prAmAdike tAlAva AdikA jalAdika ho usako abhyasta kahate haiM aura jo paricita nahIM ho usako anabhyasta kahate haiM / (prazna ) 'svataH' kyA? aura 'parataH kyA ? (uttara) jinake dvArA jJAnakI utpatti hotI hai, unhIMse jJAnameM rahanevAle prAmANyakA bhI jJAna honA, isako khataH kahate haiM / jahAM prAmANyakI utpatti honemeM zAnotpAdaka kAraNake sivA adhika kisI kAraNakI apekSA par3e to usako parataH kahate haiN| tatra tAvadabhyastaviSaye jalamidamiti jJAne jAte jJAnasvarUpajJaptisamaya eva tadgataM prAmANyamapi jJAyata eva, anyathottarakSaNa eva nizzaGkapravRtterayogAt / asti hi jalajJAnottarakSaNa eva nizzaGkA pravRttiH / anabhyaste tu viSaye jalajJAne jAte jalajJAnaM mama jAtamiti jJAnasvarUpanirNayepi prAmANyanirNayonyata eva / anyathottarakAlaM sandehAnupapatteH / asti hi sandeho jalajJAnaM mama jAtaM tatki jalamuta marIciketi / tataH kamalaparimalaziziramandamarutpracAraprabhRtibhiravadhArayati, pramANaM prAktanaM jalajJAnaM, kamalaparimalAdyanyathAnupapatteriti / * abhyasta viSayameM 'yaha jala hai' isa prakAra jJAna honepara, jisa samaya usa jJAnake svarUpakA jJAna hotA hai usI samaya jJAnaniSTha prAmANyakA bhI zAna hojAtA hai / arthAt abhyasta viSayameM jisa samaya yaha jJAna hotA hai ki 'mujhako jalajJAna huA hai' usI samaya yaha bhI mAlUma hojAtA hai ki 'yaha merA jJAna pramANa

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(samIcIna ) hai / yadi usI samaya 'prAmANyakI utpatti nahIM hotI' aisA mAnA jAya to zAnake anaMtara hI pravRtti nahIM honI cAhiye; parantu jalajJAnake uttarakSaNameM hI niHzaGka pravRtti hotI hai / anabhyasta viSayameM jalajJAnake honepara 'mujhako jalajJAna huA hai' isa prakAra jJAnakharUpakA nirNaya honepara bhI usa zAnameM pramANatAkA nirNaya dUsare kAraNoMse hI hotA hai, nahIM to uttara kAlameM sandeha nahIM honA cAhiye / kiMtu anabhyasta viSayameM 'mujhako jo yaha jalajJAna huA hai vaha vAstavameM jala hI hai athavA marIcikA hai' isa prakAra sandeha utpanna hotA hai aura pIchese (sandeha honeke bAda) kamaloMkI gandha, zItala vAyukA calanA, ityAdi kAraNoMko dekhakara jijJAsu manuSya nizcaya karatA hai ki pahale jo mujhako jalakA jJAna huA thA vaha vAstavika thA, kyoMki yadi yahAMpara jala na hotA to kamalakI gandha Adi upalabdha nahIM ho sakatI thiiN| utpattivatprAmANyasya jJaptirapi parata eveti yogAH / tatra prAmANyasyotpattiH parata iti yuktam / jJaptiH punarabhyastaviSaye svata eveti sthitatvAjjJaptirapi parata evetyavadhAraNAnupapattiH / tato vyavasthitametatprAmANyamutpattau parata eva, jJaptau tu kadAcit svataH kadAcit parata iti / taduktaM pramAgaparIkSAyAM jJapti prati prmaannaadissttsNsiddhirnythaatiprsnggtH| prAmANyaM tu svataH siddhamabhyAsAtparato'nyathA // 1 // iti / prAmANyakI utpattikI taraha, jJapti bhI parataH hI hotI hai, aisA yogamatavAle (pAtaJjala ) kahate haiN| yahAMpara prAmANyakI utpatti parataH hotI hai, yaha kahanA to ThIka hai parantu jaba ki yaha bAta pahale siddha ho cukI hai ki abhyasta viSayameM prAmANyakI

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22 pti svataH hI hotI hai aura anabhyasta viSayameM parataH hotI hai to aba yaha siddha karanA kaThina hai ki 'prAmANyakI zapti bhI parataH hI hotI hai| ataH yaha siddha huA ki prAmANyakI utpatti parataH hI hotI hai aura zapti kadAcit ( abhyasta viSayameM) svataH bhI hotI hai, kadAcit (anabhyasta viSayameM) parataH bhI hotI hai| aisA hI zaptike viSayameM pramANa parIkSAmeM bhI kahA hai ki: prmaannaadissttsNsiddhirnythaatiprsnggtH| prAmANyaM tu svataH siddhamabhyAsAtparatonyathA // 1 // arthAt jisa pramANase iSTakI siddhi hotI hai aura usake viparIta arthAt apramANase iSTakI siddhi nahIM hotI, usakA pramANapanA abhyAsadazAmeM svataH siddha hai aura anabhyAsadazAmeM parataH utpanna hotA hai| tadevaM suvyavasthite'pi pramANasvarUpe durabhinivezavazaGgataiH saugatAdibhirapi kalpitaM pramANalakSaNaM sulakSaNamiti yeSAM bhramastAnanugRhNImaH / tathA hi / "avisaMvAdi jJAnaM pramANam" iti bauddhAH / tadidamavisaMvAditvamasambhavitvAdalakSaNam / bauddhena hi pratyakSamanumAnamiti pramANadvayamevAnumanyate / taduktaM nyAyabindau "dvividhaM samyagjJAnaM pratyakSamanumAnaM ca" iti / tatra na tAvatpratyakSasyAvisaMvAditvaM, tasya nirvikalpakatvena svaviSayAnizcAyakasya samAropavirodhitvAbhAvAt / nApyanumAnasya, tanmatAnusAreNa tasyApyaparamArthabhUtasAmAnyagocaratvAditi / yadyapi pUrvokta rItike anusAra pramANakA svarUpa siddha hocukA, to bhI jo loga, durAgrahake vazIbhUta bauddha AdikoM

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23 ke mAne hue pramANalakSaNako bhramase vAstavika lakSaNa mAnarahe haiM, unapara kucha anugraha kiyA jAtA hai / bauddha, avisaMvAdi zAnako pramANa mAnate haiM / arthAt 'saMzaya, viparyaya, anadhyavasAyarUpa visaMvAdase rahita jJAna, pramANa hai' aisA bauddhamatAvalambI mAnate haiM / parantu yaha una bauddhoMkA lakSaNa asambhavI honese vAstavika lakSaNa nahIM hai| kyoMki, unhoMne do hI pramANa mAne haiM - eka pratyakSa, dUsarA anumAna / aisA hI unake nyAyabindu graMthameM kahA hai ki "dvividhaM samyagjJAnaM pratyakSamanumAnaM ca" arthAt samyagjJAna do prakArakA hai - pratyakSa aura anumAna / ina donoMmeMse pratyakSa avisaMvAdI nahIM hosakatA, kyoMki vaha nirvikalpaka hai- arthAt usameM ghaTapaTAdika padArtha vizeSarUpase pratibhAsita nahIM hote / ata eva vaha (pratyakSa ) apane viSayakA nizcAyaka bhI nahIM hai| aura apane viSayakA nizcAyaka nahIM hai isIse vaha samAropakA virodhI bhI nahIM hai| yadi anumAnako pramANa mAnA jAya to bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha ( anumAna ) bhI unake matAnusAra kevala aparamArthabhUta ( avAstavika ), aneka kSaNasthAyI, sthirasthUlAdi-dharmaviziSTa sAmAnyako viSaya karanevAlA hai / ata eva jo avastuviSayaka hai vaha pramANa nahIM ho sakatA / "anadhigatatathAbhUtArthanizcAyakaM pramANam" iti bhATTAH / tadapyavyAptaM taireva pramANatvenAbhimateSu dhArAvAhikajJAneSvanadhigatatathAbhUtArthanizcAyakatvAbhAvAt / uttarottarakSaNavizepaviziSTArthAvabhAsakatvena teSAmanadhigatArthanizcAyakatvaM nAzaGkanIyaM, kSaNAnAmatisUkSmANAmAlakSayitumazakyatvAt / anadhigata arthAt jisakA pahale jJAna na huA ho aura jo tathAbhUta ( yathArtha ) padArthakA nizcaya karanevAlA ho usa jJAnako bhaTTamatAnuyAyI pramANa mAnate haiM / parantu isameM avyApti

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24 doSa AtA hai isaliye unakA bhI kathana ThIka nahIM hai / arthAt yaha unakA lakSaNa, unake sampUrNa lakSyoMmeM ghaTita nahIM hotA, kyoMki jisadhArAvAhika jJAnako unhoMne pramANa mAnA hai, vaha pahale kabhI bhI nizcita na hue aise yathArtha arthakA nizcAyaka nahIM hai / isa. para yaha samAdhAna kahanA ki "usa dhArAvAhika jJAnameM uttarottara kSaNavizeSoMse (vizeSa vizeSa kSaNa ) yukta padArthakA pratibhAsa hotA hai, isaliye vaha pahalese ajJAna aise yathArtha arthakA hI nizcAyaka hai" ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki kSaNa atyanta sUkSma haiM isaliye hama sarIkhoMko unakA AbhAsa bhI nahIM hosktaa| "anubhUtiH pramANam" iti prAbhAkarAH / tadapyasaGgatam , anubhUtizabdasya bhAvasAdhanatve karaNalakSaNapramANAvyApteH, karaNasAdhanatve tu bhAvalakSaNapramANAvyApteH, karaNabhAvayorubhayorapi tanmate prAmANyAbhyupagamAt / taduktaM zAlikAnAthena "yadA bhAvasAdhanaM tadA saMvideva pramANaM karaNasAdhanatve tvAtmanaH sannikarSaH" iti / __ "anubhUti ( anubhava ) pramANa hai" aisA prabhAkaramatAnuyAyiyoMkA kahanA bhI yuktisaGgata nahIM hai| kyoMki unake matame karaNasAdhana aura bhAvasAdhana donoM hI prakArakI anubhUtiko pramANa mAnA gayA hai / soI zAlikAnAthane kahA hai ki "jisa samaya bhAvasAdhana hai usa samaya saMvita (jJAna) pramANa hai aura jisa samaya karaNasAdhana hai usa samaya AtmAkA sannikarSa pramANa hai|" isaliye yaha lakSaNa parasparameM avyApta hai-arthAt jisa 1 kyoMki dhArAvAhika jJAna usIko kahate haiM jo pUrva samayameM viSaya kiye hue hI padArthako uttara samayameM viSaya karai / arthAt vaha adhigata padArthako hI viSaya karatA hai, isaliye ajJAtakA nizcAyaka nahIM hai| 2 jisake dvArA anubhava kiyA jAya aisA sannikarSa / 3 arthAt anubhavakaranA, anubhvnmaatr|

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samaya anubhUtizabdako bhAvasAdhana mAnA jAyagA, usa samaya karaNasAdhana pramANameM, yaha pramANakA lakSaNa ghaTita nahIM ho sakatA aura jisa samaya karaNasAdhana mAnA jAyagA, usa samaya bhAvasAdhana pramANameM yaha lakSaNa ghaTita nahIM ho sakatA / ataH yaha bhI pramANakA lakSaNa sulakSaNa nahIM hai| ___ "pramAkaraNaM pramANam" iti naiyAyikAH / tadapi pramAdakRtaM lakSaNamIzvarAkhye tadaGgIkRta eva pramANe anyAH / adhikaraNaM hi mahezvaraH pramAyA, natu karaNam / na cAyamanuktopAlambhaH "tanme pramANaM zivaH" iti yaugAgresareNodayanenotatvAcca / tatparihArAya kecana bAlizAH sAdhanAzrayayoranyataratve sati pramAvyAtaM pramANamiti varNayanti / tathApi sAdhanAzrayAnyatarapolocanAyAM sAdhanamAzrayo veti phalati / tathA ca parasparAvyAptilekSaNasya / naiyAyikoMkA siddhAnta hai ki 'pramAke prati jo karaNa hai vaha pramANa hai|' parantu unakA bhI yaha siddhAnta pramAdakRta hI hai| kyoMki unhIMke mAne hue IzvararUpa pramANameM isa lakSaNake ghaTita na honese isameM avyApti doSa AtA hai| kyoMki mahezvara pramAkA adhikaraNa hosakatA hai, na ki karaNa / unhoM (naiyAyikoM)ne mahezvarako pramANa nahIM mAnA hai kevala hama hI, mithyA upAlambha dete hoM, yaha bAta nahIM hai| kyoMki naiyAyikoMke agresara udayanAcAryane kahA hai ki "tanme pramANaM zivaH" arthAt vaha ziva mujhako pramANa hai| __ kucha ajJAnI isa doSakA parihAra aisA karate haiM ki "karaNa aura adhikaraNa ina donoMmeMse koI eka jo pramAse vyApta ho vaha pramANa hai|" parantu yaha unakA samAdhAna ThIka nahIM hai / kyoMki yadi isa bAtapara bhI vicAra kiyA jAya ki

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anyatara zabdakA artha yahAMpara kyA hai ? to donoM se eka hI pramANa hai aisA bhAvArtha hI siddha hogA, aura donoMmese kisI ekako pramANa mAnanepara, lakSaNa paraspara avyApta ho jAyagA-arthAt karaNako pramANa mAnanepara adhikaraNameM lakSaNa ghaTita nahIM hogA tathA adhikaraNako pramANa mAnanepara, karaNarUpa pramANameM lakSaNa ghaTita nahIM hogaa| / anyAnyapi parAbhimatAni pramANasya sAmAnyalakSaNAnyalakSaNatvAdupekSyante / tasmAtsvaparAvabhAsanasamartha savikalpamagRhItagrAhakaM samyagjJAnamevAjJAnamarthe nivartayatpramANamisAhetaM matam / pravAdiyoMke mAne hue pramANake aura bhI aneka sAmAnya lakSaNa haiM parantu ve sabhI avyAptyAdi doSoMse dUSita haiM; isaliye unheM chor3ate haiM / ataH apane aura para padArthake kharUpakA prakAza karanemeM samartha, savikalpaka, agRhIta padArthakA grahaNa karanevAlA, samyagjJAna hI Arhatamatake anusAra pramANa hai yaha siddha huaa| kyoMki usIse vastukharUpakA ajJAna dUra ho sakatA hai| iti prathamaH prkaashH| atha dvitIyaH prkaashH| atha pramANavizeSasvarUpaprakAzanAya prastUyate-pramANaM dvividhaM pratyakSaM parokSaM ceti / prathama prakAzameM pramANasAmAnyakA svarUpa kahakara isa dUsare prakAzameM pramANavizeSake svarUpakA prakAza karate haiM / usa pUrvokta pramANake do bheda hai-eka pratyakSa, dUsarA parokSa /

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tatra vizadapratibhAsaM nAma pratyakSam / iha pratyakSaM lakSya, vizadapratibhAsatvaM lakSaNam / yasya pramANabhUtasya jJAnasya pratibhAso vizadastatpratyakSamityarthaH / pUrvokta donoM prakArake pramANoMmeMse jo vizadapratibhAsAtmaka ho, usako pratyakSa kahate haiN| yahAMpara pratyakSa lakSya hai aura vizada pratibhAsatva usakA lakSaNa hai| arthAt jisa pramANabhUta jJAnakA pratibhAsa vizada (nirmala) ho usako pratyakSa kahate haiN| kimidaM vizadapratibhAsatvaM nAma? ucyate,-jJAnAvaraNasya kSayAdviziSTakSayopazamAdvA zabdAnumAnAdyasambhavi yamalyamanubhavasiddham / dRzyate khalvagnirastIsAptavacanAdbhUmAdiligAcotpannAjjJAnAdayamamirityutpannasaindriyikasya jJAnasya vishessH| sa eva nairmalyaM vaizacaM spaSTatvamityAdibhiH zabdairabhidhIyate / taduktaM bhagavadbhirakalaGkadevaiAyavinizcaye "pratyakSalakSaNaM prAhuH spaSTaM sAkAramaJjasA" iti / vivRtaM ca syAdvAdavidyApatinA "nirmalapratibhAsatvameva spaSTatvam / svAnubhavaprasiddhaM caitatsarvasyApi parIkSakasyeti nAtIva nirbAdhyate" iti / tasmAt suSktaM vizadapratibhAsAtmakaM jJAnaM pratyakSamiti / vizada pratibhAsana kisako kahate haiM ? isakA uttara suno, jJAnAvaraNa karmake kSayase athavA vizeSa kSayopazamase utpanna honevAlI, jo ki zabda athavA anumAnake dvArA kadAcit bhI saMbhava na ho sakatI ho, nirmalatAko vizadapratibhAsana kahate haiM / vaha sabhI parIkSakoMko apane 2 anubhavase siddha hotA hai| kisI yathArthavaktAke vAkyoMse athavA dhUmAdika liGgake dekhanese utpanna hue 'yaha agni hai' isa jJAnakI apekSA, cakSurAdi indriyoMse hone

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bAle 'yaha agni haiM' isa prakArake jJAnameM vizeSatA hai; yaha bAta sabhIke anubhavameM AtI hai / jo yaha vizeSatA hai usIko nirmalatA, vizadatA, spaSTatA Adi zabdoMse kahate haiM / yahI zrI. akalaGka bhagavAnane nyAyavinizcayAlaGkArameM kahA hai ki "spaSTa (nirmala), sAkAra (savikalpa ), aJjasA (yathArtha) jJAnako pratyakSa kahate haiN"| isakA syAdvAdavidyApati zrIvidyAnandIsvAmIne isa prakAra khulAsA kiyA hai ki "nirmala pratibhAsako hI spaSTatA kahate haiM aura yaha sabhI parIkSakoMko anubhavase siddha hai isaliye isakA vizeSa vivecana hama nahIM krte|" isa prakAra hamane jo pratyakSakA vizadapratibhAsatva lakSaNa kahA vaha ThIka hai| "kalpanApoDhamabhrAntaM pratyakSam" iti tAthAgatAH / atra hi kalpanApoDhapadena savikalpakasya vyAvRttiH, abhrAntamiti padena tvAbhAsasya / tathA ca, samIcInaM nirvikalpakaM pratyakSamityuktaM bhavati / tadetaddhAlaceSTitam / nirvikalpakasya prAmANyameva durlabhaM, samAropAvirodhitvAt / kutaH pratyakSatvaM vyavasAyAtmakasyaiva prAmANyavyavasthApanAt / bauddha "kalpanApoDha (vizeSa padArthaka saMkalparahita, nirvikalpaka) aura abhrAnta jJAna pratyakSa hai" aisA kahate haiM / yahAM para kalpanApoDhazabdase savikalpakakI aura abhrAntazabdase AbhAsakI nivRtti kI gaI hai, isase yaha phalitArtha siddha hotA hai ki 'samIcIna nirvikalpaka hI pratyakSa hai| parantu isa prakArakA lakSaNa karanA bAlakrIr3AmAtra hai / kyoMki samAropa (saMzayAdi) kA avirodhI honese nirvikalpaka jaba pramANa hI nahIM ho sakatA, to pratyakSa kaise ho sakegA? kyoMki nizcayAtmaka hI jJAna pramANa hotA hai| nanu 'nirvikalpakameva pratyakSapramANamarthajatvAt / tadeva hi paramArtha sat skhalakSaNajanyaM, na tu savikalpakaM, tasyAparamArtha

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29 bhUtasAmAnyaviSayatvenArthajatvAbhAvAt' iti cenna, arthasyAlokavajjJAnakAraNatvAnupapatteH / ( zaGkA ) nirvikalpaka hI pratyakSapramANa ho sakatA hai| kyoMki vaha arthajanya hai- arthAta vahI ( nirvikalpaka ) paramArtha hai aura apane viSayabhUta nIlAdikase utpanna honevAlA hai / savikalpaka pratyakSapramANa nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki vaha aparamArthabhUta sAmAnyako viSaya karanevAlA hai, isa liye arthaja nahIM hai / ( uttara ) yaha zaGkA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki AlokakI taraha artha bhI jJAnake prati kAraNa nahIM hai / arthAt vaha arthaja to taba hotA jaba ki jJAnake prati artha kAraNa hotA; parantu AlokakI taraha artha bhI jJAnake prati kAraNa siddha nahIM hotA / tadyathA, anvayavyatirekagamyo hi kAryakAraNabhAvaH / tatrAlokastAvanna jJAnakAraNaM tadabhAvepi naktaJcarANAM mArjArAdInAM jJAnotpatteH, tadbhAvepi ghUkAdInAM tadanutpatteH / tadvadarthopi na jJAnakAraNaM, tadabhAvepi kezamazakAdijJAnotpatteH / tathA ca, kutorthajatvaM jJAnasya ? taduktaM parIkSAmukhe "nArthAlokau kAraNam" iti / prAmANyasya cArthAvyabhicAra eva nibandhanaM, na tvarthajanyatvaM, svasaMvedanasya viSayAjanyatvepi prAmANyAbhyupagamAt / na hi kiJcitsvasmAdeva jAyate / jina do padArthoMmeM paraspara anvaya vyatireka ghaTita hotA hai unhIM do padArthoM meM kAryakAraNabhAva saMbhava mAnA jAtA hai / arthAt jisake rahanepara niyamase kArya utpanna ho usako anvaya kahate haiM / aura jisake abhAva meM niyamase kArya na ho usako vyatireka kahate haiN| kisI kAryakI utpatti kahIM huI ho to vahAMpara jo avazya vidyamAna rahai aura jahAM vaha vidyamAna na rahatA

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30 ho vahAM kArya kI utpatti bhI na ho to usakA kAryake prati kAryakAraNabhAva kiMvA anvayavyatireka saMbaMdha mAnA jAtA hai / jina donoMmeM isa prakArase anvayavyatireka ghaTita hote haiM una donoMmeM kAryakAraNabhAva hotA hai / AlokakA jJAnake prati anvaya tathA vyatireka ghaTita nahIM hotA isa liye vaha jJAnake prati kAraNa nahIM hai| kyoMki billI Adika kucha rAtricaroMko rAtrimeM bhI jJAna hotA hai jaba ki Aloka nahI rahatA aura Alokake rahate hue bhI ulla Adikako jJAna nahIM hotA isaliye anvayaniyama ( kAryasattve kAraNasattvarUpa ) tathA vyatirekaniyama ( kAraNAbhAve kAryAbhAvarUpa ) saMbhava nahIM hotA / isI prakAra kezamazakAdike na rahane para bhI kezamazakAdikA jJAna honese arthake sAtha jJAkA kAryakAraNabhAva saMbaMdha mAnanemeM vyatireka niyamakA bhaMga hotA hai / ataH artha bhI jJAnake prati kAraNa nahIM hai / isa prakAra jaba Aloka aura artha jJAnake prati kAraNa nahIM ho sakate haiM taba jJAna, arthase utpanna honevAlA kisa prakAra ho sakatA hai ? isI liye parIkSAmukhameM kahA hai ki "artha aura Aloka jJAnake prati kAraNa nahIM hai / " jJAnakI pramANatA to jJAnameM jo viSaya huA hai usameM viparItatA na hone mAtra se hI siddha ho jAtI hai, na ki padArtha se utpanna honese / "maiM sukhI hUM" "maiM duHkhI hUM" isa prakArakA svasaMvedanajJAna arthaG [viSayase utpanna honevAlA ] na hokara bhI pramANa mAnA hai isa liye bhI jo arthajanya hai vahI pramANa hai yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai / svasaMvedana apanese hI utpanna hotA hai etAvatA arthajanya hai yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai / kyoMki koI bhI apane Apase utpanna hotA nahIM mAnA jAtA aura na saMbhava hI hai / nanvatajjanyasyAnyasya kathaM tatprakAzakatvamiti cet, ghaTAjanyasyApi pradIpasya tatprakAzakatvaM dRSTvA santoSTavyamAyuSmatA / atha kathamayaM viSayaM prati niyamaH ? yaduktaM ghaTajJAnasya

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31 ghaTa eva viSayo, na para iti / arthajatvaM hi viSayaM prati niyamakAraNaM, tajanyatvAt / tadviSayameva caitaditi / tattu bhavatA nAbhyupagamyate / iti cet, yogyataiva viSayaM prati niyamakAraNamiti bruumH| (zaGkA) jaba jJAna, padArthase utpanna honevAlA hI nahIM hai, to arthase sarvathA bhinna hokara vaha (jJAna) usakA (arthakA) prakAzaka hI kaise ho sakatA hai ? (uttara) jisa prakAra dIpaka, ghaTAdikase utpanna nahIM hotA tathApi vaha ghaTAdikoMko prakAzita karatA hai / isa dRSTAntako dekhakara tumako saMtoSa karanA caahiye| arthAt jJAna dIpakakI taraha viSayase utpanna honevAlA na hokara bhI apane viSayako prakAzita karatA hai| (zaGkA) jJAnakA viSayake prati niyama kisa prakAra hotA hai ki ghaTajJAnakA viSaya ghaTa hI hai, paTa nahIM? hama to arthase utpanna honA hI viSayake prati niyamakA kAraNa mAnate haiN| arthAt jo jJAna jisa viSayase utpanna huA ho vaha usI padArthako janAvegA; parantu tuma to aisA mAnate nahIM-arthAt jJAnakI arthase utpatti nahIM mAnate, phira viSayakA niyama kisa prakAra hogA? (uttara) usa viSayake prati niyamakA kAraNa yogyatA hai| arthAt jisa viSayakI yogyatA jahAM hotI hai vahAM usI viSayakA jJAna hotA hai|| kA nAma yogyateti, ucyte-khaavrnnkssyopshmH| taduktaM "svAvaraNakSayopazamalakSaNayogyatayA hi pratiniyatamartha vyavasthApayati" iti / etena tadAkAratvAttatprakAzakatvamityapi pratyuktam, atadAkArasyApi pradIpAdestatprakAzakatvadarzanAt / tatastadAkAravattajanyatvamaprayojakaM prAmANye / savikalpaka

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viSayabhUtasya sAmAnyasya paramArthatvamevAbAdhitatvAt / pratyuta saugatAbhimata eva svalakSaNe vivAdaH / tasmAnna nirvikalpakarUpatvaM pratyakSasya sanikarSasya ca yogAbhyupagatasyAcetanatvAtkutaH pramitikaraNatvaM kutastarAM pramANatvaM kutastamA pratyakSatvam ? (prazna) yogyatA kisako kahate haiM? (uttara) apane apane AvaraNake, arthAt-matijJAnAvaraNa aura zrutajJAnAvaraNameMse vivakSita iMdriyasaMbaMdhI AvaraNAdi karmake kSayopazamako yogyatA kahate haiM / isIliye aisA kahA hai ki "apane apane AvaraNakI kSayopazamarUpa yogyatAse zAnameM pratiniyata arthakI vyavasthA hotI hai| jo loga aisA kahate haiM ki "jJAna viSayAkAra honese hI viSayakA prakAza karatA hai" unakA bhI khaNDana isa pUrvokta kathanase ho gayA, kyoMki dIpaka, ghaTAkAra na hokara bhI ghaTakA prakAza karatA hai| arthAt dIpakakI taraha jJAna bhI viSayAkAra na hokara yadi viSayakA prakAza karai to isameM koI bAdhA nahIM hai| isIliye arthAkAratAkI taraha arthajanyatA bhI jJAnakA prAmANya siddha karanemeM kAraNa nahIM hai| aura yaha bAta jo tumane kahI thI ki "savikalpakakA viSayabhUta sAmAnya aparamArtha hai isaliye nirvikalpakako hI pramANa mAnanA cAhiye" so yaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki savikalpakakA viSayabhUta sAmAnya paramArtha hI hai / isameM kisI pramANase koI bAdhA nahIM aatii| pratyuta bauddhake mAne hue khalakSaNameM hI vivAda hai / isaliye nirvikalpaka pratyakSa nahIM ho sktaa| yaugoMkA mAnA huA sannikarSa acetana honese jaba pramitike prati karaNa hI nahIM ho sakatA to pramANa, yA usameM bhI pratyakSa kisa taraha ho sakatA hai ?

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33 kizca rUpapramiterasannikRSTameva cakSurjanakam / aprApya - kAritvAttasya / tataH sannikarSAbhAvepi sAkSAtkAripramotpaterna sannikarSarUpataiva pratyakSasya / na cAprApyakAritvaM cakSuSo prasiddhaM pratyakSatastathaiva pratIteH / nanu pratyakSAgamyAmapi cakSuSo viSayaprAptimanumAnena sAdhayiSyAmaH paramANuvat / yathA pratyakSAsiddhopi paramANuH kAryAnyathAnupapacyAnumAnena 'sAdhyate, tathA cakSuH prAptArthaprakAzakaM bahirindriyatvAtvagindriyavadityanumAnAtprAptisiddhiH / prAptireva hi sannikarSaH / tato na sannikarSasyAvyAptiriti cenna, asyAnumAnAbhAsatvAt / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki cakSu aprApyakArI hai / vaha padArthase sambandha na karanepara bhI rUpajJAnakI utpattikA kAraNa hotA hai, isaliye usase sannikarSake abhAva meM bhI pratyakSajJAna hotA hai / ata eva yaha kahanA bhI ki "sannikarSasvarUpa hI pratyakSa pramANa hai" yuktiyukta nahIM hai / cakSukA aprApyakAripanA pratyakSa se siddha hai isaliye usako asiddha nahIM kaha sakate / arthAt yaha pratyakSase siddha hai ki cakSukA rUpase sambandha na honepara bhI rUpakA pratyakSa hotA hai / ataH cakSu aprApyakArI hI hai / ( zaGkA ) yadyapi cakSu prApyakArI hai yaha pratyakSase siddha nahIM hai tathApi hama usako paramANukI taraha anumAnase siddha karate haiM / arthAt jisa prakAra paramANu pratyakSase siddha na honepara bhI anumAnase siddha kiyA jAtA hai ki yadi paramANu nahIM mAnA jAya to skandharUpa kArya nahIM banasakatA, usI prakAra cakSu prApyakArI hai, arthAt prApta arthakA prakAzaka hai yaha pratyakSase siddha nahIM hai to bhI anumAnase siddha hotA hai / kyoMki vaha tvagindriyakI taraha bahirindriya hai / isa anumAnase cakSukI nyA0 dI 0 3

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arthake sAtha prApti (sambandha) siddha hotI hai / isa prAptiko hI sannikarSa kahate haiM / isaliye sannikarSarUpa pratyakSake lakSaNameM avyApti doSa nahIM aataa| (uttara) cakSukI prApyakAritA pUrvokta rItike anusAra anumAnase bhI siddha nahIM ho sakatI, kyoMki yaha anumAna vAstavika anumAna nahIM hai-anumAnAbhAsa hai| tadyathA cakSurityatra kaH pakSo'bhipretaH kiM laukikaM cakSurutAlaukikam ? Aye hetoH kAlAtyayApadiSTatvaM golakAkSasya cakSuSo viSayaprApteH pratyakSabAdhitatvAt / dvitIye tvAzrayAsiddhaH, alaukikasya ckssusso'dyaapysiddheH| zAkhAsudhAdIdhitisamAnakAlagrahaNAdyanyathAnupapatteH cakSuraprApyakArIti nizcIyate / tadevaM satrikarSAbhAvepi cakSuSA rUpapratItirjAyate iti sannikarSo'vyApakatvAt pratyakSasya svarUpaM na bhavatIti sthitam / isa anumAnameM kaunase cakSuko pakSa kiyA hai ? laukikacakSuko athavA alaukikacakSuko? yadi laukikacakSuko pakSa kiyA hai to hetu kAlAtyayApadiSTa nAmadoSayukta ho gayA, kyoMki golakarUpa cakSukA viSayake sAtha sambandha pratyakSase bAdhita hai / yadi alaukikacakSuko pakSa kiyA hai to hetu AzrayAsiddha hai kyoMki pakSarUpa alaukikacakSu abhItaka kisI bhI pramANase siddha nahIM huaa| ataH yaha nizcaya hotA hai ki cakSu aprApyakArI hI hai, kyoMki aisA na mAnanese vRkSakI zAkhA aura candramA ina 1 jahAMpara sAdhyakI siddhi kI jAya usako pakSa kahate haiN| 2 jo hetu pratyakSa pramANase bAdhita ho usako kAlAtyayApadiSTa kahate haiN| 3 pakSameM jisakI sattA siddha nhiiN|

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35 donoMkA eka kAlameM grahaNa nahIM hosakatA / kiMtu prahaNa hotA dekhA jAtA hai / isa prakAra sannikarSake abhAvameM bhI cakSuse rUpakA jJAna hotA hai, ataH yaha siddha huA ki avyApaka honese pratyakSakA kharUpa, sannikarSa nahIM hosktaa| asya ca prameyasya prapazcaH prameyakamalamArtaNDe sulabhaH / saGgrahagranthatvAttu neha pratanyate / evaJca na saugatAbhimataM nirvikalpakaM pratyakSam / nApi yaugAbhimata indriyArthasannikarSaH / kiM tarhi ? vizadapratibhAsaM jJAnameva pratyakSaM siddham / isa viSayako prameyakamalamArtaNDameM vistArapUrvaka likhA hai| parantu yaha saGgraha grantha hai arthAt isameM bAlabodhake liye choTI choTI sarala yuktiyoMdvArA bahuta viSayoMkA saGgraha kiyA gayA hai isaliye isa viSayakA yahAMpara vistAra nahIM kiyA jAtA / isa prakAra yaha siddha huA ki saugatoMkA (bauddhoMkA) mAnA huA nirvikalpaka, tathA yaugoMkA mAnA huA indriyArtha sannikarSa, pratyakSa nahIM hai kintu nirmalapratibhAsakharUpa jJAna hI pratyakSa hai / __ tatpratyakSaM dvividhaM sAMvyavahArikaM pAramArthikaM ceti / tatra dezato vizadaM sAMvyavahArikaM pratyakSam / yajjJAnaM dezato vizadamIpanirmalaM ttsaaNvyvhaarikprtykssmityrthH| taccaturvidham-avagraha, IhA, avAyo, dhAraNA ceti / __ usa pratyakSake do bheda haiM eka sAMvyavahArika, dUsarA pAramArthika / jo thor3AsA vizada hai usako sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kahate haiM arthAt jo jJAna paripUrNa vizada na ho-kucha kucha nirmala ho vaha sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kahA jAtA hai| usake bhI cAra bheda haiM, avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhaarnnaa| 1 avyAptidoSasahita /

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36 tatrendriyArthasamavadhAnasamanantarasamutthasattAlocanAnantarabhAvI sattAvAntarajAtiviziSTavastugrAhI jJAnavizeSo'vagrahaH / yathAyaM puruSa iti / nAyaM saMzayaH, viSayAntaravyudAsena svaviSayanizcAyakatvAt / tadviparItalakSaNo hi sNshyH| yadrAjavArtikam "anekArthAnizcitAparyudAsAtmakaH saMzayaH, tadviparIto'vagrahaH" iti / bhASyaM ca "saMzayo hi nirNayavirodhI na tvavagrahaH" iti / (1) indriya aura arthakI yogyakSetrameM prApti honepara utpanna honevAle mahAsattAviSayaka darzanake anantara avAntarasattAjAtise yukta vastuko grahaNa karanevAlA jJAnavizeSa avagraha kahalAtA hai / arthAt sattAke do bheda haiM eka mahAsattA dUsarI avAntarasattA / indriya aura arthakI yogyakSetrameM sthiti hone para pahale mahAsattAko viSaya karanevAlA darzana utpanna hotA hai phira usake anantara hI pragaTa honevAle, avAntarasattAjAtise yukta vastuko viSayakaranevAle jJAnako avagraha kahate haiN| jaise ki 'yaha puruSa hai|' isa jJAnako saMzaya nahIM kaha sakate kyoMki yaha (avagraha) viSayAntarakA nirAkaraNa aura apane viSayakA nizcaya karAnevAlA hai aura saMzaya isase viparIta lakSaNavAlA hotA hai| isIliye rAjavArtikameM kahA hai ki "saMzayajJAna, aneka arthoMmeMse kisIkA bhI nizcaya, aura apane viSayase bhinna viSayakA nirAkaraNa nahIM karatA / avagraha isase viparIta hai"| isI prakAra bhASyameM (gandhahastimahAbhASyameM) bhI kahA hai ki "saMzaya nirNayakA virodhI hai, kiMtu avagraha nhiiN|" __ avagrahagRhItArthasamudbhUtasaMzayanirAsAya yatna iihaa| yathA puruSa iti nizcite'rthe kimayaM dAkSiNAtya utaudIcya iti saMzaye sati dAkSiNAtyena bhavitavyamiti tannirAsAyehAkhyaM

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jJAnaM jAyata iti / bhaassaadivishessnirjnyaanaadyaathaatmyaavgmnmvaayH| yathA dAkSiNAtya evAyamiti / kAlAntarAvisaraNayogyatayA tasyaiva jJAnaM dhAraNA / yadvazAduttarakAlepi sa ityevaM saraNaM jAyate / (2) avagrahake dvArA jAnehue padArthameM honevAle saMzayako dUra karanevAle jJAnako IhA kahate haiN| jaise ki avagrahase nizcita puruSarUpa arthameM isa prakAra saMzaya honepara ki 'yaha puruSa dAkSiNAtya hai athavA audIcya (uttarameM rahanevAlA)?' isa saMzayake dUra karaneke liye utpanna honevAle 'yaha dAkSiNAtya honA cAhiye' isaprakArake jJAnako IhA kahate haiM / (3) bhASA AdikakA vizeSa jJAna honepara usake yathArthavarUpako pUrvajJAna (IhA) kI apekSA vizeSarUpase dRr3ha karanevAle jJAnako avAya kahate haiN| jaise ki 'yaha dAkSiNAtya hI hai' isaprakArakA jJAna honA / (4) usI padArthakA isa yogyatAse (dRDharUpase) jJAna honA ki jisase kAlAntarameM bhI usa viSayakA vismaraNa na ho usako dhAraNA kahate haiN| arthAt jisake nimittase uttarakAlameM bhI 'vaha' aisA smaraNa ho sake usako dhAraNA kahate haiN| nanu pUrvapUrvajJAnagRhItArthagrAhakatvAdeteSAM dhArAvAhikavadaprAmANyaprasaGga iti cenna viSayabhedenAgRhItagrAhakatvAt / tathAhi / yo'vagrahasya viSayo naasaaviihaayaaH| yaH punarIhAyA nAyamavAyasya, yazcAvAyasya naiSa dhAraNAyA iti parizuddhapatibhAnAM mulabhamevaitat / tadetadavagrahAdicatuSTayamapi yadendriyeNa janyate tadendriyapratyakSamityucyate yadA punaranindriyeNa tadAnindriyapratyakSaM gIyate / __ 'IhAdikajJAna, pUrva pUrva avagrahAdika jJAnake dvArA jAne hue padArthako hI viSaya karate haiM yA jAnate haiM isa liye ye

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38 (IhAdika) dhArAvAhikabuddhikI taraha apramANa haiM' yaha zaGkA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki ina avagrahAdika jJAnoMmeM viSayabhedakI apekSAse agRhItagrAhakatA hI hai-jo avagrahakA viSaya hai vaha IhAkA nahIM, jo IhAkA hai vaha avAyakA nahIM, aura jo avAyakA hai vaha dhAraNAkA nahIM / jinakI pratibhA nirmala hai, unakI samajha meM yaha bheda bahuta sulabhatAse AsakatA hai' / ye avagrahAdika cAroM hI jJAna jaba indriyoMke dvArA utpanna hote haiM taba inako indriyapratyakSa kahate haiM / aura jaba manake dvArA utpanna hote haiM taba inako anindriyapratyakSa (mAnasa pratyakSa ) kahate haiM / indriyANi sparzanarasanaghrANacakSuH zrotrANi paJca / anindriyaM tu manaH / tadvayanimittakamidaM lokasaMvyavahAre pratyakSamiti prasiddhatvAtsAMvyavahArikapratyakSamucyate / taduktam "indriyAnindriyanimittaM dezataH sAMvyavahArikam " idaM cAmukhyapratyakSamupacArasiddhatvAt / vastutastu parokSameva matijJAnatvAt / kuto nu khalvetanmatijJAnaM parokSamityucyate "Adhe parokSa " miti sUtraNAt / Adye matizrute parokSamiti hi sUtrArtha: / upacAramUlaM punastra dezato vaizadyamiti kRtaM vistareNa / indriyoM ke pAMca bheda haiM- sparzana, rasana, ghrANa, cakSu, aura 1 yaha puruSa hai isa prakAra avagrahameM sAmAnyarUpase jisa padArthakA pratibhAsa hotA hai usa hI padArtha ke vizeSa aMzoMmeM isa prakAra saMzaya honepara ki 'yaha puruSa to hai parantu dakSiNakA rahanevAlA hai athavA uttarakA rahanevAlA' isa saMzayako dUra karaneke liye eka vizeSa aMzako viSayakaranevAle jJAnako IhA kahate haiM / jaise ki yaha dAkSiNAtya hai / isahIke dRDha jJAnako avAya kahate haiM jaise yaha dAkSiNAtya hI hai / kAlAntara meM avismaraNake nimittabhUta jJAnako dhAraNA ( saMskAra ) kahate haiM / isaprakAra inake viSayoMmeM antara hai /

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zrotra / anindriya eka mana hai| ina donoMke nimittase jo zAna utpanna hotA hai vaha lokavyavahArameM pratyakSazabdase prasiddha hai isaliye usako sAMvyavahArikapratyakSa kahate haiN| isIliye aisA kahA hai ki "indriya aura anindriyase honevAle jJAnako ekadeza vizada (nirmala) honese sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kahate haiN|" isako amukhya pratyakSa bhI kahate haiM, kyoMki yaha vAstavameM pratyakSa nahIM hai kiMtu upacArase hai / vAstavameM parokSa hI hai, kyoMki matijJAna hai / (prazna) matijJAnako parokSa kyoM kahate haiM ? (uttara) tattvArthamahAzAstrakA aisA sUtra hai ki "Aye paro. kSam' arthAt Adike matijJAna aura zrutajJAna donoM hI parokSa haiM / isa jJAnako upacArase jo pratyakSa kahA hai usa upacArakA bhI mUlakAraNa yahI hai ki vaha dezataH vizada arthAt kucha nirmala hai| ___ sarvato vizadaM pAramArthikaM pratyakSam / yajjJAnaM sAkalyena spaSTaM tatpAramArthikapratyakSaM mukhyapratyakSamiti yAvat / tadvividhaM sakalaM vikalaM c| tatra katipayaviSayaM vikalam / tadapi dvividhamavadhijJAnaM manaHparyayajJAnaM ceti / tatrAvadhijJAnAvaraNakSayopazamAdvIyAntarAyakSayopazamasahakRtAjAtaM rUpidravyamAtraviSayamavadhijJAnam / manaHparyayajJAnAvaraNavIryAntarAyakSayopazamasamutthaM paramanogatArthaviSayaM manaHparyayajJAnam / mtijnyaanssevaavdhimnHpryyyorvaantrbhedaastttvaarthvaartikraajvaartikshlokvaartikbhaassyaabhyaamvgntvyaaH| jo sarvathA vizada hai usako pAramArthikapratyakSa kahate haiN| arthAt jo jJAna sampUrNarUpase spaSTa (nirmala) hai usako pAramArthikapratyakSa athavA mukhyapratyakSa kahate haiN| usake do bheda haiM, eka sakalapratyakSa dUsarA vikalapratyakSa / jo thor3ese vastu aura

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40 paryAyoMko viSaya karatA hai; arthAt jo sampUrNa dravyoM aura paryAyoMko viSaya nahIM kara sakatA usako vikalapratyakSa kahate haiM / usake bhI do bheda haiM, eka avadhijJAna dUsarA mana:paryayajJAna / vIryAntarAyakarmake kSayopazama ke sAtha avadhijJAnAvaraNakarmakA kSayopazama honese utpanna huA, kevala rUpIdravyako ( pugalako ) viSayakaranevAlA jJAna avadhijJAna kahalAtA hai / jo manaHparyayajJAnAvaraNa tathA vIryAntarAya karmake kSayopazamase dUsareke mana meM sthita padArthako viSaya karanevAlA jJAna utpanna hotA hai usako manaH paryaya kahate haiM / matijJAnakI taraha avadhijJAna aura manaHparyayajJAnake avAntara bhedoMko, tattvArthasUtrakI vArtikoMpara race hue bhASyarUpa rAjavArtika tathA lokavArtikadvArA samajhanA cAhiye / sarvadravyaparyAyaviSayaM sakalam / tacca ghAtisaGghAtaniravazeSaghAtanAtsamunmIlitaM kevalajJAnameva " sarvadravyaparyAyeSu kevalasya" ityAjJApitatvAt / tadevamavadhimanaH paryaya kevalajJAnatrayaM sarvato vaizadyAtpAramArthikaM pratyakSam / sarvato vaizadyaM cAtmamAtrasApekSatvAt / jo sampUrNa dravya aura unake sampUrNa hI paryAyoMko viSayakaranevAlA jJAna hai usako sakalapratyakSa kahate haiM / aura vaha pratyakSa cAroM dhAtikamauke sarvathA abhAvase utpanna honevAlA aisA kevalajJAna hI hai / kyoMki tattvArthAdhigamameM aisA likhA hai ki " sampUrNa dravya aura sampUrNa paryAyoMmeM kevalajJAnakI pravRtti hai" / isa prakAra avadhijJAna, mana:paryayajJAna, kevalajJAna, ye tInoM hI sarvathA vizada hone se pAramArthikapratyakSa kahe jAte haiM / sarvathA vizadatAkA kAraNa yaha hai ki ye apanI utpattimeM indriyAdika paravastukI sahAyatA nahIM lete| 1 jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, mohanIya, antarAya / 2 kyoMki aisA kahA hai

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41 nanvastu kevalasya pAramArthikatvamavadhimanaHparyayayostu na yuktaM vikalatvAditi cena sAkalyavaikalyayoratra viSayaupAdhikatvAt / tathAhi, sarvadravyaparyAyaviSayamiti kevalaM sakalam / avadhimanaHparyayau tu katipayaviSayatvAdvikalau / naitAvatA tayoH pAramArthikatvacyutiH, kevalavattayorapi vaizayaM svaviSaye sAkalyena samastIti tAvapi pAramArthikAveva / (zaGkA) kevalajJAna pAramArthikapratyakSa hai yaha kahanA to ThIka hai parantu avadhijJAna aura manaHparyayajJAna, pAramArthikapratyakSa nahIM hosakate, kyoMki ye vikala haiN| arthAt ye sampUrNa dravyaparyAyoMko viSaya nahIM karate / (uttara) yaha zaGkA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki yahAMpara sAkalya aura vaikalya ye donoM hI vizeSaNa viSayakI apekSAse mAne jAte haiM / arthAt kevalajJAna sampUrNa dravyaparyAyoMko viSaya karatA hai isaliye usako sakala kahate haiN| avadhijJAna aura manaHparyayajJAna kucha thor3ese padArthoMko viSaya karate haiM isaliye inako vikala kahate haiN| parantu isase inake pAramArthikatvameM kucha hAni nahIM hai / kyoMki jisa prakAra kevalajJAnakA apane niyata viSayameM sarvathA vaizaya hai usI prakAra ina donoMkA bhI apane viSayameM sarvathA vaizadya hai / isaliye ye donoM pAramArthika hI haiN| ki "asahAyaM pratyakSaM bhavati parokSaM sahAyasApekSam" arthAt jo vinA sahAyatAke ho usako pratyakSa kahate haiM aura jo dUsarekI sahAyatAse ho usako parokSa kahate haiN| 1 kevala tathA avadhi manaHparyayameM viSayabhedAdikI apekSA bheda hai / kintu avadhi tathA manaHparyayameM jitanA niyata viSaya pratibhAsita hotA hai vaha sampUrNa vizadarUpase hI hotA hai|

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ra kazcidAha "akSaM nAma cakSurAdikamindriyaM tatpratItya yadutpadyate tadeva pratyakSamucitaM nAnyat" iti tadapyasat / AtmamAtrasApekSANAmavadhimanaHparyayakevalAnAmindriyanirapekSANAmapi pratyakSatvAvirodhAt / spaSTatvameva hi pratyakSatvaprayojaka nendriyajanyatvam / ata eva hi matizrutAvadhimana:paryayakevalAnAM jJAnatvena pratipannAnAM madhye "Aye parokSam" "pratyakSamanyadi"tyAdyayomaitizrutayoH parokSatvakathanamanyeSAM svavadhimanaHparyayakevalAnAM prtyksstvvaacoyuktiH| yahAMpara koI isa prakAra zaGkA karatA hai ki "akSa nAma indriyakA hai usakI sahAyatAse jo jJAna utpanna ho usako pratyakSa kahate haiM, aurako nahIM" / parantu yaha zaGkA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki indriyoMkI apekSAko na rakhakara kevala AtmAse hI utpanna honevAle, avadhi manaHparyaya kevalajJAnake bhI pratyakSa hone meM koI virodha nahIM hai| isakA kAraNa yaha ki spaSTatA hI pratyakSatAkA kAraNa hai, na ki indriyoMse utpanna honA / isIliye, mati, zruta, avadhi, manaHparyaya aura kevala, ina pAMca jJAnoMmese Adike do matijJAna aura zrutajJAnako "Adye parokSam" isa sUtrase parokSa kahA hai, aura zeSa avadhimanaHparyayakevalajJAnako "pratyakSamanyat" isa sUtrase pratyakSa kahA hai| ___ kathaM punareteSAM pratyakSazabdavAcyatvamiti cet rUDhita iti brUmaH / athavA akSNoti vyApnoti jAnAtItyakSa AtmA tanmAtrApekSotpattikaM pratyakSamiti kimanupapannam ? tarhi indriyajanyamapratyakSaM prAptamiti cet hanta visaraNazIlatvaM vatsasya / avocAmaH khalvaupacArikaM pratyakSatvamakSajajJAnasya tatastasyApratyakSatvaM kAmaM prApnotu, kA no hAniH / ete.

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nAkSebhyaH parAvRttaM parokSamityapi prativihitam / avaizavasyaiva parokSalakSaNatvAt / (prazna) inako pratyakSazabdase kyoM kahate haiM ? arthAt avadhi Adi jJAna jaba apanI utpattimeM akSa arthAt indriyoMkI apekSA hI nahIM rakhate to inako pratyakSa kyoM kahate haiM ? (uttara) rUDhise, arthAt ina zAnoMmeM pratyakSa zabda apane yaugika arthakI apekSA na karake rUDha hai isaliye inako pratyakSa kahate haiM / athavA akSazabdakA artha AtmA bhI hotA hai, kyoMki yaha zabda akSa dhAtuse banA hai jisakA artha hotA hai kisI padArthako vyApta karanA arthAt jAnanA / isaliye usa (akSa-AtmA)kI apekSAse hI kevala jisakI utpatti ho usako pratyakSa kahate haiN| aisA artha karanese kyA bigar3atA hai ? kucha nahIM / (prazna)-yadi aisA hai to indriyajanya jJAna apratyakSa ThaharA? (uttara) baccA (praznakartA) bahuta jaldI bhUla jAtA hai yaha bar3A kheda hai / hama yaha bAta pahale kaha cuke haiM ki "indriyajanya jJAna upacArase pratyakSa kahA jAtA hai" isaliye vaha acchItaraha apratyakSa Thaharo, hamArI kucha hAni nahIM hai / isa pUrvokta kathanase yaha kahanA bhI khaNDita hogayA ki "jo jJAna indriyoMkI apekSAse rahita hai vaha parokSa hai" kyoMki parokSakA lakSaNa vizadatArahita honA hI hai| syAdetat 'atIndriyaM pratyakSamastItyatisAhasamasambhAvitatvAt / yadyasambhAvitamapi kalpyeta gaganakusumAdikamapi kalpyaM syAt / na syAdgaganakusumAdiraprasiddhatvAt atIndriyapratyakSasya tu pramANasiddhatvAt / tathAhi / kevalajJAnaM tAvatki. 1 jo zabda apane prakRtipratyayase honevAle arthakI apekSA na rakhakara kisI khAsa vastukA vAcaka ho usako rUDha kahate haiN| jaise gozabda kA artha yadyapi calanevAlA hotA hai tathApi vaha calanevAle manuSyAdikoMko na kahakara baiThe hue baila yA gauko bhI kahatA hai|

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44 zcijjJAnAM kapilasugatAdInAmasambhavadapyarhataH sambhavatyeva / sarvajJo hi sa bhagavAn / (zaGkA) atIndriya jJAnako tuma pratyakSa kahate ho yaha tumhArA bar3A sAhasa hai, kyoMki vaha to asambhava hai| yadi asambhavakI bhI kalpanA hone lage to AkAzake phUloMkI bhI kalpanA honI caahiye| (samAdhAna) AkAzake phUloMkI kalpanA nahIM ho sakatI, kyoMki ve aprasiddha haiM kintu atIndriya pratyakSa pramANase siddha hai| kiJcijjJa (alpajJAnI) kapila sugatAdikoMmeM kevalajJAna asambhava rahanepara bhI arahaMtameM sambhava hai, kyoMki ve arahaMta bhagavAn sarvajJa haiN| nanu sarvajJatvamevAprasiddhaM kimucyate sarvajJohaniti kacidapyaprasiddhasya viSayavizeSa vyavasthApayitumazakteriti cena, sUkSmAntaritadUrArthAH kasyacitpratyakSA anumeytvaadmyaadivditynumaanaatsrvjnytvsiddhH| (zaGkA) jaba koI sarvajJa siddha hI nahIM taba yaha kisataraha kahate ho ki arahaMta sarvajJa haiM ? kyoMki jo padArtha kahIM bhI prasiddha na ho usako kisI eka sthalavizeSameM siddha karanA azakya hai| (samAdhAna) yaha zaGkA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki sarvajJatvakI siddhi isa anumAnase hotI hai ki sUkSma, antarita, tathA dUravartI padArtha kisIke pratyakSa haiM, kyoMki hama unako anumAnase jAnate haiM; jo 2 anumAnase jAne jAte haiM ve kisI na kisIke pratyakSa bhI hote haiM, jaise agni / taduktaM svAmibhirmahAbhASyasyAdAvAptamImAMsAprastAve "sUkSmAntaritadUrArthAH pratyakSAH kasyacidyathA / anumeyatvato'nyAdiriti sarvajJasaMsthitiH" // 1 //

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45 1 sUkSmAH svabhAvaviprakRSTAH paramANvAdayaH, antaritAH kAlaviprakRSTA rAmAdayaH, dUrArthA dezaviprakRSTA mervAdayaH ete svabhAvakAladeza viprakRSTAH padArthA dharmitvena vivakSitAsteSAM kasyacitpratyakSatvaM sAdhyam / iha pratyakSatvaM pratyakSajJAnaviSayatvam / viSayidharmasya viSayepyupacAropapatteH / anumeyatvAditi hetu:, amyAdirdRSTAntaH / asyAdAvanumeyatvaM kasya - citpratyakSatvena sahopalabdhaM paramANvAdAvapi kasyacitpratyakSatvaM sAdhayatyeva / I isIliye svAmI samantabhadrAcAryane prathama hI mahAbhASyakI AptamImAMsA nAmaka prastAvanA meM aisA kahA hai ki:- "sUkSma, antarita aura dUravartI padArtha kisI na kisIke pratyakSa haiM, kyoMki ve anumeya haiM, jaise agni Adi / isa anumAnase sarvajJa siddha hotA hai / " sUkSma arthAt jo svabhAvase hI viprakRSTa jaise paramANu Adi / antarita arthAt jo kAlase viprakRSTa haiM jaise rAma, rAvaNa Adi / dUrArtha, arthAt jo kSetrase viprakRSTa jaise meru Adi / svabhAva, kAla, dezakI apekSA vyavadhAnasahita dharmirUpa padArthoMkA kisI na kisIko pratyakSa honA sAdhya hai / yahAMpara pratyakSazabdase 'pratyakSajJAnakA viSaya' aisA artha samajhanA cAhiye, kyoMki yahAMpara viSayameM viSayIke dharmakA upacAra kiyA hai / anumeyatva hetu hai aura abhyAdika dRSTAnta haiM / ani Adika viSayameM kisI na kisIke pratyakSake sAtha dekhAgayA anumeyatvahetu paramANu AdikameM bhI kisI na kisIke dvArA pratyakSa 1 pakSarUpa se jahAMpara kucha bhI siddha kiyA jAya / 2 jo siddha kiyA jAya usako sAdhya kahate haiM / 3 mukhya ke abhAva meM prayojana tathA nimittavaza upacArakI pravRtti hotI hai /

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46 honeko siddha karatA hai arthAt parvatameM rahanevAlI jisa agniko koI anumAnase jAnatA hai usI agniko parvatapara jAkara dekhanevAlA koI manuSya pratyakSa se bhI jAnaletA hai / isa prakAra pratyakSa ke sAtha rahanevAlA anumeyatva hetu paramANu Adika svabhAvaviprakRSTAdi padArthoMko bhI kisI na kisIke pratyakSagocara honA siddha karatA hai / arthAt jaise anumeya ani kisI na kisI ke pratyakSa hai usI prakAra paramANu Adika bhI anumeya honese kisI na kisIke pratyakSa haiN| anumAnake viSayabhUta parvatIya ani Adika yAvat anumeya padArthoMmeM rahanevAlA jo anumeyatva dharma vaha jisa jisa vastumeM rahatA hai usa usameM pratyakSatva dharma bhI rahatA hai, kyoMki jisa prakAra jisa parokSabhUta agniko hama dhUma dekhakara anumAnapramANadvArA nizcita karate haiM vahI agni usa manuSyako pratyakSa bhI jAnI jAtI hai ki jo parvatapara car3ha kara dekhanA cAhatA ho / isI prakAra hama sarIkhe alpaza manuSyoMko jina jina vastuoMkA pratyakSa jJAna ho sakatA hai ve ve vastueM hamako pratyakSa na hokara kevala anumAnake gocara honepara bhI hama sarIkhe kisI na kisI usa manuSyako pratyakSa bhI ho jAtI haiM ki jo unako pratyakSa karane kI pUrNa sAmagrI milAtA hai / isa liye hama aneka bAra anumeyatva dharmako pratyakSatva dharmakA avinAbhAvI dekhate hue yaha nizcaya karate haiM ki jo jo padArtha anumeyatvadharmaviziSTa hoM arthAt jo jo anumAnadvArA jAne jAsakate hoM ve ve hamAre pratyakSajJAnagocara na honepara bhI kisI na kisIke pratyakSa avazya hone cAhiye / isI liye svabhAvase sUkSma paramANu Adi, dezadara meru parvatAdi, kAlase antarita rAvaNAdi tathA bhaviSyatkAlavartI padArtha, ye sabhI jaba anumeya haiM arthAt anumAnadvArA jAne jA sakate haiM to ina sabakA pratyakSa bhI kisI na kisIko avazya ho sakatA hai / jo hama sarIkhe alpajJoMke agocara paramANu AdikA pratyakSajJAtA ho vahI sarvajJa honA cAhiye /

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47 nacANvAdAvanumeyatvamaprasiddhaM, sarveSAmapyanumeyamAtre vivAdAbhAvAt / astvevaM sUkSmAdInAM pratyakSatvasiddhidvAreNa kasyacidazeSaviSayaM pratyakSajJAnam / tatpunaratIndriyamiti katham ittham / yadi tajjJAnamaindriyikaM syAdazeSaviSayaM na syAt indriyANAM svayogyaviSaya eva jJAnajanakatvazakteH sUkSmAdInAM ca tadayogyatvAditi / tasmAtsiddhaM tadazeSaviSayaM jJAnamatIndriyameveti / asmiMzcArthe sarveSAM sarvajJavAdinAM na vivAdaH / yadvAhyA apyAhuH " adRSTAdayaH kasyacitpratyakSAH prameyatvAt" iti / paramANu Adi anumeyatva hetu asiddha nahIM hai / arthAt sUkSmAdika padArtha anumAnase siddha nahIM hai yaha bAta nahIM hai, kyoMki inake anumeya mAnanemeM kisIkA bhI vivAda nahIM hai / ( prazna ) sUkSmAdika padArthoMkI pratyakSasiddhise yadyapi yaha bAta siddha hogaI ki kisI na kisIko sampUrNa padArthaviSayaka pratyakSa jJAna hai parantu vaha jJAna atIndriya hai arthAt indriyoMkI apekSA na rakhakara hI utpanna hotA hai / yaha kaise ? ( uttara ) yaha isa taraha ki yadi vaha jJAna indriyajanya hotA to sarvaviSayaka nahIM hotA, kyoMki indriyAM apane yogya viSayameM hI jJAnako utpanna kara sakatI haiN| sUkSmAdika padArtha indriyoMke yogya viSaya nahIM haiM / isase yaha siddha huA ki sarvaviSayaka jJAna atIndriya hI hotA hai / isa viSaya meM kisI bhI sarvajJavAdIkA vivAda nahIM hai; ata eva dUsare bhI isa viSaya meM kahate haiM ki "dharma adharma Adika kisI na kisIke pratyakSa haiM, kyoMki ve prameya haiM arthAt asmadAdika unako anumAnase jAnate haiM / " nanvastvevamazeSaviSayasAkSAtkAritvalakSaNamatIndriyapratyakSajJAnaM taccArhata iti katham ? kasyaciditi sarvanAmnaH sAmA

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48 nyajJApakAditi cet , satyaM, prakRtAnumAnAtsAmAnyataH srvjnytvsiddhiH| arhata etaditi punaranumAnAntarAt / tathAhi / arhan sarvajJo bhavitumarhati nirdoSatvAt / yastu na sarvajJo nAsau nirdoSo, yathA rathyApuruSa iti kevalavyatirekiliGgakamanumAnam / (zaGkA ) sampUrNa padArthoM ko sAkSAt karanevAlA atIndriyapratyakSa to siddha huA, parantu vaha arahaMtameM hI hai yaha kaise? kyoMki "kisIko pratyakSa hai" yahAMpara "kisIko" yaha sarvanAma sAmAnyakA bodha karAtA hai arthAt kisIko isa sarvanAmase hama arahaMtako hI kaise samajhe ki ve hI sarvajJa haiN| (samAdhAna) ThIka hai, prakRta anumAnase sarvajJakI sAmAnyarUpase hI siddhi hotI hai / parantu arahaMta hI sarvajJa haiM yaha dUsare anumAnaseM siddha hotA hai / vaha anumAna yaha hai ki arahaMta sarvajJa haiM, kyoMki ve nirdoSa haiM / jo sarvajJa nahIM hai vaha nirdoSa nahIM hosakatA, jaise galImeM ghUmanevAlA sAdhAraNa manuSya / isa anumAnameM sarvajJatvako siddha karanevAlA nirdoSatva hetu kevalavyatirekI hai| AvaraNarAgAdayo doSAstebhyo niSkrAntatvaM hi nirdoSatvam / tatkhalu sarvajJamantareNa nopapadyate kizcijjJasyAvaraNAdi doSarahitatvavirodhAt / tato nirdoSatvamarhati vidyamAnaM sArvajJa sAdhayatyeva / nirdoSatvaM punararhatparameSThini yuktizAstrAvirodhivAktvAtsidhyati / yuktizAstrAvirodhivAktvaM ca tadabhimatasya muktisaMsAratatkAraNatvasyAnekadharmAtmakacetanAcetanAtmakatattvasya pramANAbAdhitatvAtsuvyavasthitameva / . zAnAvaraNAdi karma tathA rAgadveSAdirUpa doSoMse jo rahita hai usako nirdoSa kahate haiM / yaha nirdoSatA vinA sarvazatAke nahIM

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hosktii| kyoMki jo alpajJAnI hai usake AvaraNAdi doSoMkA abhAva nahIM hopAtA / isaliye arahaMtameM vidyamAna yaha nirdoSatA unakI (arahaMtakI) sarvajJatAko siddha karatI hai| arhatparameSThIke vacana yukti tathA zAstrase avirodhI haiM isaliye unameM (arahaMtame) nirdoSatAkI siddhi hotI hai| unake mAne hue mukti tathA saMsAra aura unake kAraNa anekadharmAtmaka cetana tathA acetanakharUpa tattva kisI bhI pratyakSa athavA anumAnAdi pramANase bAdhita nahIM haiM isaliye unake vacanameM yukti aura Agamase avirodha acchI taraha siddha hotA hai| evamapi sarvajJatvamaheta eveti kathaM kapilAdInAmapi sambhAvyamAnatvAditi ceducyate-kapilAdayo na sarvajJAH sadoSatvAt , sadoSatvaM tu teSAM nyAyAgamaviruddhabhASitvAt / tacca tadabhimatamuktyAditattvasya sarvathaikAntasya ca prmaannbaadhit| tvAt / taduktaM svAmibhireva "sa tvamevAsi nirdoSo yuktizAstrAvirodhivAk / avirodho yadiSTaM te prasiddhena na bAdhyate // 1 // tvanmatAmRtabAhyAnAM sarvathaikAntavAdinAm / AptAbhimAnadagdhAnAM skheSTaM dRSTena bAdhyate // 2 // iti kArikAdvayenaitayoreva parAtmAbhimatatattvabAdhAbAdhayoH samarthanaM prastutya bhAvaikAnte ityupakramya syAtkAraH satyalAJchana ityanta AptamImAMsAsandarbha iti kRtaM vistareNa / tadevamatIndriyaM kevalajJAnamahata eveti siddham / tadvacanaprAmANyAcAvadhimanaHparyayayoratIndriyayoH siddhirityatIndriyapratyakSamanavadyam / tataH sthitaM sAMvyavahArika pAramArthikaM ceti dvividhaM pratyakSamiti / nyA0 dI. 4

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50 (zaGkA) isa pUrvokta kathanase bhI arahaMta hI sarvajJa hai yaha kaise siddha ho? kyoMki, kapilAdikoMmeM bhI isakI sambhAvanA hosakatI hai| arthAt nirdoSatva hetuse sarvajJatAkI siddhi to kI, parantu usase yaha kaise siddha huA ki arahaMta hI sarvajJa haiM ? kyoMki, dUsare kapilAdika bhI nirdoSa honese sarvajJa ho sakate haiN| (samAdhAna ) arahaMtake sivA dUsare kapilAdika sarvajJa nahIM ho sakate, kyoMki, ve sadoSa haiM / isa anumAnase unameM sarvazatAkA abhAva siddha hotA hai / unakA upadeza, nyAya aura Agamase viruddha siddha honeke kAraNa sadoSa, aura unake mAne hue sarvathA ekAntasvarUpa muktyAdi padArtha, pratyakSAdi pramANoMdvArA bAdhita siddha hote haiM / isI liye svAmI samantabhadrAcAryane kahA hai ki "he bhagavan tumhI nirdoSa ho, kyoMki, tumhAre hI vacana yukti aura zAstrase aviruddha haiM / jo tumako iSTa hai vaha pratyakSAdise bAdhita nahIM hotA ataH tumhAre vacanoMkA avirodha siddha hai // 1 // jo tumhAre matarUpI amRtase dUra haiM, ata eva jo vastuke svarUpako sarvathA ekAntase mAnane. vAle haiM kintu apaneko Apta mAnaneke abhimAnase jAjvalyamAna ho rahe haiM unakA iSTa pratyakSase bAdhita hai // 2 // " ina do kArikAoMse dUsareke mAnehue tattvoMmeM bAdhA aura apane mAnehue tattvoMmeM abAdhAkA samarthana karake "bhAvaikAnte" isa kArikAse lekara "syAtkAraH satyalAJchanaH" isa kArikA paryanta vistAra pUrvaka isa viSayakA vivecana AptamImAMsAmeM kiyA hai / isa prakAra yaha siddha huA ki atIndriya kevalajJAna arahaMtameM hI hai| unake vacana pramANa honese atIndriya avadhijJAna aura manaHparyayajJAnakA bhI samarthana hotA hai| isaliye atIndriya pratyakSa nirdoSa siddha hai| isIse yaha bhI siddha ho cukA ki pratyakSake sAMvyavahArika aura pAramArthika ye do bheda haiM / iti dvitIyaH prakAsAra

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51 atha parokSapramANanirUpaNaM prakramyate / avizadapratibhAsaM parokSam / atra parokSaM lakSyam, avizadapratibhAsatvaM lakSaNam / yasya jJAnasya pratibhAso vizado na bhavati tatparokSapramANamityarthaH / vaizadyamuktalakSaNam / tatonyadavaizadyamaspaSTatvam / tadapyanubhavasiddhameva / aba parokSa pramANakA nirUpaNa karate haiM / avizada pratibhAsako parokSa kahate haiM / yahAMpara parokSa lakSyavAcaka hai aura avizadapratibhAsatva lakSaNavAcaka hai| arthAt jisakA pratibhAsa vizada nahIM ho usako parokSapramANa kahate haiM / vizadatAkA lakSaNa pahale kaha cuke haiN| usase jo bhinna hai usako avizadatA athavA aspaSTatA kahate haiM / yaha bhI vizadatAkI taraha anubhavase siddha hai / sAmAnyamAtraviSayatvaM parokSapramANalakSaNamiti kecit tana pratyakSasyeva parokSasyApi sAmAnyavizeSAtmakavastuviSayatvena tasya lakSaNasyAsambhavitvAt / tathA hi / ghaTAdiviSayeSu pravartamAnaM pratyakSapramANaM tadgataM sAmAnyAkAraM ghaTatvAdikaM vyAvRttAkAraM ca vyaktirUpaM yugapadeva prakAzayadupalabdhaM tathA parokSamapi / iti na sAmAnyamAtraviSayatvaM parokSalakSaNam / api tvavaizadyameva / koI parokSapramANakA lakSaNa isa prakAra karate haiM ki "jo sAmAnyamAtrako viSaya karatA hai vaha parokSa kahalAtA hai / " parantu yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai / kyoMki, parokSapramANa bhI pratyakSakI taraha sAmAnya aura vizeSa ina donoM svarUpavAle vastuko viSaya karatA hai; isa liye parokSakA yaha lakSaNa asambhavI hai / arthAt jisa prakAra ghaTAdi viSayoMmeM pravRtta honevAlA pratyakSapramANa,

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viSayake ghaTatvAdika sAmAnya AkArako aura vyaktirUpa vizeSa AkArako eka sAtha hI prakAzita karatA hai usI prakAra parokSapramANa bhI sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka vastuko hI prakAzita karatA hai, kevala sAmAnyako nahIM / isaliye parokSapramANakA lakSaNa 'sAmAnyamAtrako viSaya karanA nahIM kintu 'avaizadya' hai| sAmAnyavizeSayorekataraviSayatve tu pramANatvasyaivAnupapattiH, sarvapramANAnAM sAmAnyavizeSAtmakavastuviSayatvAbhyanujJAnAt / taduktaM "sAmAnyavizeSAtmA tadartho viSayaH" iti / tasmAtsuSThUktam 'avizadAvabhAsanaM parokSam' iti / - pramANakA viSaya yadi sAmAnya aura vizeSa ina donoM se eka hI mAnA jAyagA to pramANatva hI nahIM bana skegaa| kyoMki, aisA mAnAgayA hai ki jitane pramANa haiM utane sabhI sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka vastuko viSaya karate haiN| isIliye aisA kahA hai ki "pramANakA viSaya sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka padArtha hai|" ata eva parokSakA yahI lakSaNa ThIka kahA gayA hai ki "jisakA pratibhAsa vizada na ho vaha parokSa hai|" / tatpazcavidhaM smRtiH pratyabhijJAnaM tarko'numAnamAgamazceti / paJcavidhasyApyasya parokSasya pratyayAntarasApekSatvenaivotpattiH / tadyathA, smaraNasya prAktanAnubhavApekSA, pratyabhijJAnasya smaraNAnubhavApekSA, tarkasyAnubhavasmaraNapratyabhijJAnApekSA, anumAnasya 1 kyoMki vastu sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka hai / usakA ekarUpase arthAt sAmAnyarUpase athavA vizeSarUpase grahaNakaranevAlA jJAna mithyAjJAna hI hogA, samyarajJAna (pramANa ) nahIM / athavA sAmAnyako chor3akara vizeSavarUpa vastu aura vizeSako chor3akara sAmAnyarUpa vastu ho nahIM sakatI ataH kharaviSANavat avastuko viSaya karanevAlA jJAna apramANa hI hai|

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53 ca liGgadarzanAdyapekSA, Agamasya zabdazravaNasaGketagrahaNAdyapekSA / pratyakSaM tu na tathA svAtantryeNaivotpatteH / smaraNAdInAM pratyayAntarApekSA tu tatra tatra nivedayiSyate / usake pAMca bheda haiM- smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAna aura Agama / ina pAMcoM hI prakArake parokSapramANoMkI utpatti dUsare kAraNoMkI apekSA lekara hotI hai| smaraNameM pahale anubhavakI apekSA rahatI hai| pratyabhijJAna meM smaraNa aura anubhavakI apekSA rahatI hai| tarkako anubhava, smaraNa aura pratyabhijJAnakI apekSA hai / anumAnako liGgadarzanAdikakI apekSA hai / Agamako zabda ke sunane aura saGketAdike grahaNa karanekI apekSA hai / parantu pratyakSa apanI utpattimeM kisI dUsare kAraNakI apekSA nahIM rakhatA, vaha svatantra hI utpanna hotA hai| smaraNAdikI utpattimeM jina jina kAraNoM kI apekSA hai unakA ullekha una unakA ( smaraNAdikA ) varNana karate samaya kiyA jAyagA / tatra kA nAma smRtiH / tadityAkArA prAganubhUtavastuviSayA smRtiH / yathA sa devadatta iti / atra hi prAganubhUta eva devadattastattayA pratIyate, tasmAdeSA pratItistattollekhinyanubhUtaviSayA ca, ananubhUte. viSaye tadanutpatteH / tanmUlaM cAnubhavo dhAraNArUpa eva / avagrahAdyanubhUtepi dhAraNAyA abhAve smRtijananAyogAt / dhAraNA hi tathA AtmAnaM saMskaroti yathAsAvAtmA kAlAntarepi tasmin viSaye jJAnamutpAdayati / tadetaddhAraNAviSaye samutpannaM tattollekhijJAnaM smRtiriti siddham / "" smRti kisako kahate haiM ? pahale grahaNa kiye hue padArtha ko viSaya karanevAle " vaha isa AkAra ke jJAnako smRti kahate haiM / jaise ki "vaha devadatta / " yahAMpara jisa devadattakA pahale jJAna huA thA usIkA "vaha" zabdadvArA grahaNa kiyA

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54 jAtA hai| isa liye yaha pratIti (smRti) "vaha" aisI sUcanA karanevAlI aura pUrvAnubhUta padArthako viSaya karanevAlI hotI hai| jisa padArthakA pahale kabhI anubhava nahIM kiyA usa padArthakI smRti nahIM ho sakatI / isa liye smRtikA mUla kAraNa dhAraNArUpa anubhava hI hai| avagrahAdika honepara bhI jabataka dhAraNA na ho tabataka smRti nahIM ho sktii| dhAraNAse AtmAmeM isa prakArakA saMskAra utpanna hotA hai ki jisase usa AtmAko kAlAntarameM bhI usa viSayakA smaraNa hojAtA hai| isase yaha siddha huA ki dhAraNAke viSayameM utpanna honevAle "vaha" ityAkAraka jJAnako smRti kahate haiN| nanvevaM dhAraNAgRhIta eva smaraNasyotpattau gRhItagrAhitvAdaprAmANyaM prasajyata iti cenna, viSayavizeSasadbhAvAdIhAdivat / yathA hyavagrahAdigRhItaviSayANAmIhAdInAM viSayavizeSasadbhAvAtsvaviSayasamAropavyavacchedakatvena prAmANyaM tathA smaraNasthApi dhAraNAgRhItaviSayapravRttAvapi prAmANyameva / dhAraNAyA hIdantAvacchinno viSayaH, smaraNasya tu tattAvacchinnaH / tathA ca smaraNaM svaviSayAsmaraNAdisamAropavyavacchedakatvAtpramANameva / taduktaM prameyakamalamArtaNDe "vismaraNasaMzayaviparyAsalakSaNaH samAroposti tannirAkaraNAcAsyAH smRteH prAmANyam" iti / yadi cAnubhUte pravRttamityetAvatA saraNamapramANaM syAttarhi anumite'nau pazcAtpravRttaM pratyakSamapyapramANaM syAt / / isapara yaha zaGkA karanA ki "dhAraNAke viSayameM hI smaraNakI utpatti hotI hai isaliye yaha smRti gRhItagrAhiNI honese a. pramANa hai"ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki, IhAdikakI taraha inake viSayameM vizeSatA hai / arthAt jisa prakAra IhAdi jJAnoMkI pravRtti avagrahAdike dvArA grahaNa kiye hue viSayameM hI honepara bhI unake

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55 viSayameM kucha na kucha vizeSatA rahatI hai aura usa viSa. yameM utpanna honevAle samAropako ve dUra karate haiM isaliye IhAdi jhAna pramANa bhI haiM, usI taraha smRti bhI dhAraNAdvArA grahaNakiye hue viSayameM pravRtta honepara bhI pramANa hai / kyoMki dhAraNAkA viSaya "yaha" aisA hai aura smaraNakA viSaya "vaha" aisA hai| . isaliye smaraNa apane viSayameM honevAle asmaraNAdika samAropoMkA vyavacchedaka honese pramANa hI hai| aisA hI prameyakama. lamArtaNDameM kahA hai ki "vismaraNa saMzaya viparyAsakharUpa samAropakA nirAkaraNa karanese smRti pramANa hai|" smaraNa anubhUta padArthameM pravRtta hotA hai etAvatA yadi vaha apramANa ho jAya to anumAnase jAne hue agnimeM pIche pravRtta honevAlA pratyakSa pramANa bhI apramANa tthhregaa| avisaMvAditvAca pramANaM smRtiH pratyakSAdivat / na hi smRtvA nikSepAdiSu pravartamAnasya viSayavisaMvAdosti / yatra tvasti visaMvAdastatra smaraNasyAbhAsatvaM pratyakSAbhAsavat / tadevaM saraNAkhyaM pRthak pramANamastIti siddham / pratyakSAdikakI taraha avisaMvAdI honese bhI smRti pramANa hai| kyoMki, kisI padArthakA smaraNa karake usake rakhane uThAne AdimeM pravRtta honevAle manuSyako smRtike viSayameM visaMvAda nahIM hotaa| yadi kahIMpara visaMvAda hotA bhI hai to vaha smaraNa pramANa nahIM samajhanA cAhiye kintu vaha pratyakSAbhAsakI taraha smaraNAbhAsa hai / isa prakAra smaraNa nAmaka pRthak pramANakA honA siddha huaa| anubhavasmRtihetukaM saGkalanAtmakaM jJAnaM pratyabhijJAnam / idantollekhi jJAnamanubhavaH / tattollekhi jJAna smaraNam / tadubhayasamutthaM pUrvottaraikyasAdRzyavailakSaNyAdiviSayaM yatsaGkalanarUpaM jJAnaM jAyate tatpratyabhijJAnamiti jJAtavyam / yathA sa

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evAyaM jinadatto, gosadRzo gavayo, govilakSaNo mahiSa ityaadi| anubhava tathA smRtike nimittase honevAle, donoMke jor3arUpa jJAnako pratyabhijJAna kahate haiM / arthAt "yaha" isa prakArake jJAnako anubhava kahate haiM aura "vaha" isa prakArake jJAnako smaraNa kahate haiM / ina donoMke melase utpanna honevAlA tathA pUrva aura uttara donoM hI avasthAmeM rahanevAlI ekatA yA sadRzatA athavA vilakSaNatAko viSayakaranevAlA jo jor3arUpa jJAna hotA hai vaha pratyabhijJAna hai / jaise ki yaha vahI jinadatta hai athavA gauke sadRza gavaya hotA hai / yadvA bhaiMsA bailase vilakSaNa hotA hai, ityaadi| __ atra hi pUrvasminnudAharaNe jinadattasya pUrvottaradazAdvayavyApakamekatvaM pratyabhijJAnasya viSayaH, tadidamekatvapratyabhijJAnam / dvitIye tu pUrvAnubhUtagopratiyogikaM gavayaniSThaM sAdRzyam / tadidaM sAdRzyapratyabhijJAnam / tRtIye tu punaH prAganubhUtagopratiyogikaM mahiSaniSThaM vaisAdRzyam / tadidaM vaisAdRzyapratyabhijJAnam / evamanye'pi pratyabhijJAnabhedA yathApratIti khayamutprekSyAH / atra sarvatrApi anubhavasmRtisApekSatvAttaddhetukatvam / yahAMpara pahale udAharaNameM pUrvottara donoM avasthAoMmeM rahanevAlI jinadattakI ekatA hI pratyabhijJAnakA viSaya hai arthAt jisa jinadattako pahale jAnA thA usI jinadattako pIche bhI jAnA hai ataH isa prakArake pratyabhijJAnako ekatvapratyabhijJAna kahate haiN| dUsare udAharaNameM, jisa gaukA pahale anubhava ho cukA hai usase dUsare eka gavayameM rahanevAlA gosAdRzya pratyabhijJAnakA viSaya dikhAyA gayA hai| arthAt pUrvAnubhUta gauke sadRza gavayako dekhakara tathA usa gaukA smaraNa karake donoMkA joDarUpa yaha

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57 jJAna utpanna huA hai| isaliye isa tarahake jJAnako sAdRzyapratyabhijJAna kahate haiM / isI prakAra tIsare udAharaNameM pUrvAnubhUta bailase bhinna bhaiMsAmeM rahanevAlI bailase vilakSaNatA pratyabhijJAnakA viSaya hai; isako vaisAdRzya pratyabhijJAna kahate haiM / isa prakAra aura bhI apanI pratItike anusAra pratyabhijJAnake bhedoMkI kalpanA svayaM kara lenA cAhiye / yahAMpara pratyabhijJAnake sabhI bhedoMmeM anubhava aura smRtikI apekSA dIkha par3atI hai isaliye ye donoM pratyabhijJAnake hetu haiN| kecidAhuH "anubhavasmRtivyatiriktaM pratyabhijJAnaM nAsti" iti tadasat, anubhavasya vartamAnakAlavartivivartamAtraprakAzakatvaM, smRtezcAtItavivartadyotakatvamiti tAvadvastugatiH / kathaM nAma tayoratItavartamAnakAlasaGkalitaikyasAdRzyAdiviSayAvagAhitvam / tasAdasti smRtyanubhavAtiriktaM tadanantarabhAvi saGkalanajJAnam / tadeva pratyabhijJAnam / yahAMpara koI zaGkA karate haiM ki "anubhava aura smRtise bhinna pratyabhijJAna koI cIja nhiiN|" parantu yaha zaGkA ThIka nhiiN| kyoMki, jaba aisA niyama hai ki anubhava kevala vartamAnakAlavartI paryAyako viSaya karatA hai aura smRti bhUtakAlake paryAyakA dyotana karatI hai, taba anubhava yA smRtijJAna bhUta aura vartamAna ina donoM hI kAloMse yukta aise ekatva yA sadRzatva Adi viSayoMkA kisa taraha prakAza kara sakate haiM ? isaliye smRti tathA anubhavase bhinna unake anantara honevAlA, donoMkA jor3arUpa jJAna eka judA hI mAnanA cAhiye; usIko pratyabhijJAna kahate haiN| __ apare tvekatvapratyabhijJAnamabhyupagamyApi tasya pratyakSentabhauvaM kalpayanti / tadyathA, yadindriyAnvaMyavyatirekAnuvidhAyi

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tatpratyakSamiti taavtprsiddhm| indriyAnvayavyatirekAnuvidhAyi cedaM pratyabhijJAnaM tasmAt pratyakSamiti / tanna, indriyANAM vartamAnadazAparAmarzamAtropakSINatvena vartamAnAtItadazAvyApakaikyAvagAhitvAghaTanAt / na hyaviSayapravRttirindriyANAM yuktimatI, cakSuSA rasAderapi pratItiprasaGgAt / dUsare kaI vAdI ekatvapratyabhijJAnako mAnakara bhI usakA pratyakSa antarbhAva karate haiM / "kyoMki, jisa zAnakA indriyoMke sAtha anvaya, vyatireka hotA hai usako pratyakSa kahate haiM / isa pratyabhijJAnakA bhI indriyoMke sAtha anvaya vyatireka hai arthAt jahAM pratyabhijJAna upajatA hai vahAM indriyoMkA sadbhAva avazya hotA hai aura unake abhAvameM pratyabhijJAna nahIM hotA / isaliye vaha pratyakSa hI hai|" parantu unakA yaha mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki, indriyoMkI zakti kevala vartamAnadazAke parAmarza karanemeM hI upakSINa ho jAtI hai isaliye ve bhUta aura vartamAna donoM dazAoMmeM rahanevAlI ekatA AdikA prakAza nahIM karasakatIM / indriyoMkI aviSayameM arthAt bhUtameM bhI pravRtti mAnanA yuktiyukta nahIM hai / kyoMki, aisA mAnanese cakSuse rasAdikI pratIti honA bhI ucita mAnanA pdd'egaa| nanu satyametadindriyANAM vartamAnadazAvagAhitvameveti, tathApi tAni sahakArisamavadhAnasAmAdazAdvayavyApinyekatvepi pratIti janayantu, aJjanasaMskRtaM cakSuriva vyavahite'rthe / nahi cakSuSo vyavahitArthapratyAyanasAmarthyamasti, aJjanasaMskAravazAttu tathAtvamupalabdham / tadvadeva smaraNAdisahakRtAnIndriyANyeva dazAdvayavyApakamekatvaM pratyAyayiSyantIti kiM pramANAntarakalpanAprayAseneti, tadapyasat /

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(zaGkA) yaha ThIka hai ki indriyAM vartamAna dazAkA hI prakAza karatI haiM, tathApi sahakArI kAraNoMke sAmarthyase ve pUrvottara donoM dazAoMmeM rahanevAle ekatvAdikakI pratItiko bhI utpanna kara sakatI haiM, jaise ki siddha aMjanAdi lagAnepara cakSuse vyavahita padArthakI bhI pratIti hone lagatI hai| arthAt yadyapi cakSukA yaha sAmarthya nahIM hai ki jisake bIcameM koI vyavadhAna par3A ho aise padArthakI pratIti karA sake parantu aJjanake saMskArase vaha aisA karAtA huA dekhanemeM AtA hai, usI prakAra indriyAM bhI smaraNAdike sAhacaryase donoM dazAoMmeM rahanevAle ekatvAdikakI pratIti karA sakatI haiM / isaliye anubhava aura smRtise bhinna eka dUsare pramANakI kalpanAkA prayAsa karanese kyA prayojana hai ? (samAdhAna) isa prakArakI zaGkA karanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMkiH sahakArisahasrasamavadhAne'pyaviSaye pravRtterayogAt / cakSuSo hi aJjanasaMskArAdiH sahakArI svaviSaye rUpAdAveva pravartako natvaviSaye rasAdau / aviSayazca pUrvottarAvasthAvyApakamekatvamindriyANAm / tasmAttatpratyAyanAya pramANAntaramanveSaNIyameva / sarvatrApi viSayavizeSadvAreNa pramANabhedavyavasthApanAt / __ haz2Ara sahakArI kAraNa rahanepara bhI aviSayamai pravRtti nahIM ho sktii| cakSuke sahakArI aJjanasaMskArAdika, usake (cakSuke) viSayabhUta rUpAdimeM hI usakI pravRtti karA sakate haiM, aviSayabhUta rasAdikameM nhiiN| pUrvottaradazAmeM rahanevAlA ekatva, indriyokA aviSaya hai / isaliye usakA jJAna karAneke liye dUsarA pramANa mAnanA hI cAhiye / kyoMki, saba jagaha viSayavizeSatAke honese hI pramANoMmeM bhedakalpanA athavA anekatAkI kalpanA kI jAtI hai / arthAt viSayake bhinna honese hI usakA grAhaka pramANa bhI bhinna mAnA jAtA hai|

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kiMcAspaSTaiveyaM tadevedamiti pratipattiH, tasmAdapi na tasyAH pratyakSAntarbhAva iti / avazyaM caitadevaM vijJeyaM cakSurAderaikyapratItijananasAmarthya nAstIti / anyathA liGgadarzanavyAptismaraNAdisahakRtaM cakSurAdikameva vayAdiliGgijJAnaM janayediti nAnumAnamapi pRthak pramANaM syAt / svaviSayamAtra eva caritA. rthatvAcakSurAdikamindriyaM na liGgini pravartituM pragalbhamiti cet prakRtena kimaparAddham ? tataH sthitaM pratyabhijJAnAkhyaM pRthakpramANamastIti / aura, yaha pratyabhijJAna sadA aspaSTa hI rahatA hai isaliye bhI i. sakApratyakSameM antarbhAva nahIM ho sktaa| yaha nizcaya samajhiye ki ekatA Adike jJAna karAnekA sAmarthya cakSurAdikameM nahIM hai, nahIM to, liGgadarzana aura vyAptike smaraNaAdi sahakArI kAraNoMse yukta cakSurAdikase hI agni Adika sAdhyakA jJAna ho jAyagA isaliye anumAnako pRthak pramANa mAnanekI koI AvazyakatA nahIM rhegii| yadi aisA kaho ki "cakSurAdika indriyAM ke. vala apane viSayameM caritArtha ho cukI, arthAt liGgAdikakA jJAna karA cukIM isaliye ve sAdhyameM pravRtta nahIM ho sakatI" to pratyabhijJAnane kyA aparAdha kiyA hai ? isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki pratyabhijJAna pramANa pratyakSAdise bhinna hI hai / sAdRzyapratyabhijJAnamupamAnAkhyaM pRthak pramANamiti kecikathayanti tadasat, smRtyanubhavapUrvakasaGkalanajJAnatvena pratyabhijJAnatvAnativRtteH / anyathA govilakSaNo mahiSa ityAdivisadRzatvapratyayasya idamasAiramityAdezca pratyayasya sapratiyogikasya pRthakpramANatvaM syAt / tato vaisAdRzyAdipratyayavata

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sAdRzyapratyayasyApi pratyabhijJAnalakSaNAkrAntatvena pratyabhijJAnatvameveti prAmANikapaddhatiH / koI kahate haiM ki "sAdRzyapratyabhijJAnako hama upamAna nAmaka pRthak pramANa mAnate haiN|" parantu unakA bhI yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki, smRti aura anubhavapUrvaka jo jo jor3arUpa jJAna hoMge sabhI pratyabhijJAna hoNge| nahIM to "mahiSa bailase vilakSaNa hai" ityAdika visadRza pratyayako aura "yaha isase dUra hai" ityAdika sapratiyogika pratyayako bhI pRthak pramANa mAnanA cAhiye / isaliye gaurava doSake bhayase vaisAdRzyapratyayakI taraha sAdRzyapratyaya bhI pratyabhijJAna hai, upamAna nhiiN| kyoMki, usameM pratyabhijJAnakA lakSaNa ghaTita hotA hai aisA mAnanA caahiye| astu pratyabhijJAnaM, kastarhi tarkaH? vyAptijJAnaM trkH| sAdhyasAdhanayorgamyagamakabhAvaprayojako vyabhicAragandhAsahiSNuH sambandhavizeSo vyAptiravinAbhAva iti ca vyapadizyate / tatsAmarthyAtkhalvamyAdi dhUmAdireva gamayati natu ghaTAdistadabhAvAt / tasyAzcAvinAbhAvAparanAmyA vyApteH pramitau yatsAdhakatamaM tadidaM tarkAkhyaM pRthak prmaannmityrthH| taduktaM zlokavArtikabhASye "sAdhyasAdhanasambandhyajJAnanivRttirUpe hi phale saadhktmstk"iti| Uha iti tarkasyaiva vyapadezAntaram / sa ca tarkastAM vyAptiM sakaladezakAlopasaMhAreNa viSayIkaroti / ___ acchA, pratyabhijJAnako jAne dIjiye / aba yaha kahiye ki tarka kisako kahate haiM ? vyAptike jJAnako tarka kahate haiM / bhAvArtha-jo sambandha, sAdhya sAdhanake gamyagamaka bhAvakA prayojaka ho-arthAt jisase do padArthoM meM aisA jJAna ho ki "yaha isase jAnA jAtA hai" aura "yaha isakA jJAna karAnevAlA hai" jaise ki dhUmase agni jAnI jAtI hai isa jAtikabhASyati / Uha hAreNa /

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62 liye agni dhUmakA sAdhya athavA gamya hai, aura dhUma, jJAna karAnevAlA hai isaliye vaha agnikA sAdhaka athavA gamaka hai - evaM jo vyabhicArakA gandha bhI na sahatA ho, arthAt jisameM ativyApti Adi koI doSa na ho, aise sambandha vizeSako vyApti athavA avinAbhAva kahate haiM / yaha usIkA sAmarthya hai ki dhUmA dika hI ayAdikakA jJAna karAte haiM, ghaTAdika nahIM / kyoMki, ghaTAdikake sAtha usa agnikA avinAbhAva nizcita nahIM hai / jisakA dUsarA nAma avinAbhAva hai usa vyAptikA yathArtha jJAna karAne meM jo sAdhakatama hai vahI tarka nAmakA eka pRthakU pramANa hai / aisA hI zlokavArtika bhASya meM kahA hai ki "sAdhya aura sAdhanasambandhI ajJAnakI nivRttirUpa phalameM jo sAdhakatama hai vaha tarka hai / " isa tarkakA hI dUsarA nAma Uha hai / vaha tarka sampUrNa deza aura kAlakA upasaMhAra karAtA huA usa vyAptikA grahaNa karatA hai / arthAt sampUrNa sAdhya aura sAdhanake sambandhako sAmAnyatayA viSaya karatA hai / kimasyodAharaNam ? ucyate, yatra yatra dhUmavattvaM tatra tatrAnimacamiti / atra hi dhUme sati bhUyo myupalambhe 'sarvatra sarvadA dhUmo'gniM na vyabhicarati evaM sarvopasaMhAreNAvinAbhAvijJAnaM pazcAdutpannaM tarkAkhyaM pratyakSAdeH pRthageva / pratyakSasya sannihitadeza eva dhUmAgnisambandhaprakAzanAnna vyAptiprakAzakatvam / sarvopasaMhAravatI hi vyAptiH / ( prazna ) - isakA udAharaNa kyA hai ? (samAdhAna) - jahAM jahAM dhUma hai vahAM vahAM agni hai / arthAt, kisI sthAnameM dhUmake honepara agnikA sadbhAva dekhA, isI prakAra dUsare tIsare Adi aura bhI kaI sthAnoM meM dekhA aura dekhaneke pIche nizcaya kiyA ki "kisI kSetra aura kisI kAla meM bhI dhUma agnise vyabhicarita nahIM hotA hai / " isa prakAra saba dezakAlake upasaMhArapUrvaka, arthAt sAmAnyarUpase

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63 honevAle, sAdhyasAdhanasambandhI jJAnako tarka kahate haiN| yaha pratyakSAdikase bhinna hai / kyoMki, pratyakSa, nikaTake sthAnameM hI dhUma aura agnike sambandhakA prakAza kara sakatA hai isaliye vyAptikA prakAza nahIM kara sakatA / kyoMki, vyApti, sampUrNa dezakAlavartI sAdhya aura sAdhanake upasaMhArako viSaya karatI hai| nanu yadyapi pratyakSamAtraM vyAptiviSayIkaraNe zaktaM na bhavati tathApi viziSTaM pratyakSaM tatra zaktameva / tathA hi / mahAnasAdau tAvatprathamaM dhUmAyordarzanamekaM pratyakSam / tadanantaraM bhUyo bhUyapratyakSANi pravartante / tAni ca pratyakSANi na sarvANi vyAptiviSayIkaraNe samarthAni api tu pUrvapUrvAnubhUtadhUmAgnismaraNatatsajAtIyatvAnusandhAnarUpapratyabhijJAnasahakRtaH kopi pratyakSavizeSo vyAptiM gRhNAti / tathA ca, smaraNapratyabhijJAna sahakRte pratyakSavizeSe vyAptiviSayIkaraNasamarthe kiM tarkAkhyena pRthakpramANeneti kecit tepi nyAyamArgAnabhijJAH / ( zaGkA ) yadyapi kevala pratyakSa vyAptiko viSaya nahIM kara sakatA, tathApi vizeSa pratyakSa usako viSaya kara sakatA hai / arthAt bhojanazAlAmeM dhUma aura agnike dekhanese eka bAra pratyakSa huaa| isI prakAra aura bhI aneka bAra pratyakSa huA / parantu ye sabhI pratyakSa vyAptiko viSaya nahIM kara sakate, kiMtu pUrvameM jisa jisa dhUma aura agnikA anubhava ho cukA hai usa usake smaraNase aura phira una aneka dhUma tathA agniyoMke samAna itara dhUma agniyoMke anusandhAnarUpa pratyabhijJAnakI sahAyatA se eka sAtha honevAlA pratyakSavizeSa vyAptiko viSaya kara sakatA hai / isase yaha phalitArtha siddha huA ki, smaraNa aura pratyabhijJAnake sAtha honevAlA pratyakSavizeSa hI jaba vyAptiko viSaya kara sakatA hai taba tarkanAmaka pRthakU pramANa

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64 mAnanekI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? (samAdhAna) isa prakAra jo zaGkA karate haiM ve bhI nyAyake mArgase anabhijJa haiM / kyoMkiH "sahakArisahasrasamavadhAne'pyaviSaye pravRttina ghaTate" ityuktatvAt / tasmAtpratyakSeNa vyAptigrahaNamasamaJjasam / idaM samajasaM-saraNaM pratyabhijJAnaM bhUyodarzanarUpaM pratyakSaM ca militvA tAdRzamekaM jJAnaM janayanti yayAptigrahaNasamarthamiti tarkazca sa eva / anumAnAdikaM tu vyAptigrahaNaM pratyasambhAvyameva / yaha bAta hama pahale kahacuke haiM ki "haz2Ara sahakArI kAraNoM ke milanepara bhI aviSayameM pravRtti nahIM ho sakatI" isa liye pratyakSase vyAptikA grahaNa karanA ayukta hai / hAM, yaha ThIka hai ki smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna, tathA bhUyodarzanarUpa pratyakSa milakara isa prakArake eka jJAnako utpanna karate haiM ki jo vyAptiko grahaNa karasakatA hai; usIko tarka kahate haiM / anumAnAdikoMse vyAptikA grahaNa honA to asambhava hI hai| bauddhAstu pratyakSapRSThabhAvI vikalpo vyAptiM gRhNAtIti manyante / ta evaM praSTavyAH, sa hi vikalpaH kimapramANamuta pramANamiti / yadyapramANaM kathaM nAma tagRhItAyAM vyAptau samAzvAsaH? atha pramANaM kiM pratyakSamathavAnumAnam ? na tAvatprasakSamaspaSTapratibhAsatvAt , nApyanumAnaM liGgadarzanAdyanapekSatvAt / tAbhyAmanyadeva kizcitpramANamiti cedAgatastarhi tarkaH / tadevaM tAkhyaM pramANaM nirNItam / idAnImanumAnamanuvarNyate / "pratyakSake pIche honevAlA vikalpajJAna vyAptiko grahaNa karatA hai|" aisA bauddha mAnate haiM / parantu isapara unase yaha pUchanA cAhiye ki vaha vikalpa apramANa hai athavA pramANa?

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65 yadi apramANa hai to usase grahaNa kI huI vyAptimeM kisa prakAra vizvAsa ho sakatA hai ? yadi pramANa hai to pratyakSa hai athavA anumAna ? pratyakSa to ho nahIM sakatA, kyoMki, usakA pratibhAsa spaSTa nahIM hai / anumAna bhI nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki, usameM liGgadarzanAdikakI apekSA nahIM hai / arthAt jo anumAna hotA hai vaha liGgadarzana se utpanna hotA hai, isa vikalpamai liGgadarzanAdika apekSita nahIM haiM / isIliye yaha anumAna bhI nahIM hai / yadi vaha vikalpa pratyakSa aura anumAnase bhinna tIsarA pramANa hai to yahI phalitArtha siddha huA ki vaha tarka hai / isa prakAra tarka pramANakA nirNaya kiyA / -- Age anumAnakA varNana karate haiM:sAdhanAtsAdhya vijJAnamanumAnam / ihAnumAnamiti lakSyanidezaH, sAdhanAtsAdhyavijJAnamiti lakSaNakathanam / sAdhanADUmAderliGgAtsAdhyeyAdau liGgini yadvijJAnaM jAyate tadanumA - nam / tasyaivAgyAdyavyutpattivicchittikaraNatvAt / na punaH sAdhanajJAnamanumAnaM, tasya sAdhanAvyutpattivicchedamAtropakSINatvena sAdhyAjJAnanivartakatvAyogAt / sAdhaMnase utpanna hue sAdhyajJAnako anumAna kahate haiN| yahAM para "anumAna" yaha lakSya nirdeza hai aura "sAdhanase sAdhyakA jJAna honA" yaha lakSaNakathana hai / arthAt dhUmAdirUpa hetuoMse jo sAdhyaviSayaka, arthAt agni Adi liGgiyoMkA jJAna hotA hai usako anumAna kahate haiM / kyoMki yahI jJAna ani Adi viSa ya ajJAnako dUra karane meM samartha kAraNa hai, arthAt usIse sAdhya viSayakA ajJAna dUra hosakatA hai / sAdhanake jJAnako 1 jo sAdhyake vinA na pAyAjAya usako sAdhana kahate haiM / 2 jisako siddha kiyA jAya usako sAdhya kahate haiM nyA0 dI0 5 1

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anumAna nahIM kahate, kyoMki vaha kevala sAdhana ajJAnako hI dUra kara sakatA hai, isaliye vaha sAdhyaviSayaka jJAnako utpanna nahIM kara sktaa| tato yaduktaM naiyAyikaiH "liGgaparAmarzo'numAnam" iti anumAnalakSaNaM tadavinItavilasitamiti niveditaM bhavati / vayaM tvanumAnapramANasvarUpalAbhe vyAptismaraNasahakRto liGgaparAmarzaH karaNamiti manyAmahe / smRtyAdisvarUpalAbhe anubhavAdivat / tathA hi, dhAraNAkhyo'nubhavaH smRtau hetuH / tAdAtvikAnubhavasmRtI pratyabhijJAne, smRtipratyabhijJAnAnubhavAH sAdhyasAdhanaviSayAsta: / tadvalliGgajJAnaM vyAptismaraNAdisahakRtamanumAnotpattau nivandhanamityetatsusaGgatameva / isaliye naiyAyikoMne jo yaha anumAnakA lakSaNa kiyA hai ki "liGgake parAmarzAtmaka jJAnako anumAna kahate haiM" so ThIka nahIM hai| hama to, aisA mAnate haiM ki jaise smRti AdikI utpattimeM anubhavAdika kAraNa haiM, usI prakAra anumAnAdikI utpattimeM vyAptismaraNake sAtha sAtha utpanna huA liGgaparAmarza karaNa hai| arthAt jaise smRtimeM dhAraNAnAmaka anubhava kAraNa hotA hai, tathA pratyabhijJAnameM tatkAlIna anubhava aura smRti kAraNa par3atI hai aura tarkameM sAdhya tathA sAdhanake viSayabhUta smRti, pratyabhijJAna, aura anubhava ye tInoM kAraNa haiM, usI prakAra yaha kahanA bhI yuktisaMgata hI hai ki vyAptismaraNake sAtha liGgajJAna anumAnakI utpattime kAraNa hai| nanu bhavatAM mate sAdhanamevAnumAne heturna tu sAdhanajJAnaM, sAdhanAtsAdhyavijJAnamanumAnamiti vacanAditi cena, sAdhanAdityatra nizcayapathaprAptAdbhUmAderiti vivakSaNAt / anizcayapathaprAptasya dhUmAdeH sAdhanatvasyaivAghaTanAt / tathAcoktaM zlokavA

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rtike "sAdhanAtsAdhyavijJAnamanumAnaM vidurbudhAH" iti / sAdhanAjjJAyamAnAdbhUmAdeH, sAdhye'nyAdau liGgini yadvijJAnaM tadanumAnam / ajJAyamAnasya tasya sAdhyajJAnajanakatve hi suptAdInAmagRhItadhRmAdInAmapyamyAdijJAnotpattiprasaGgaH / tasAjjJAyamAnaliGgakAraNakasya sAdhyajJAnasyaiva sAdhyAvyutpattinirAkArakatvenAnumAnatvam / natu liGgaparAmarzAderiti budhAH prAmANikA viduriti vaartikaarthH| (zaGkA) Apake mata sAdhanako hI anumAnameM hetu mAnA hai, sAdhanake jJAnako nahIM / kyoMki pahale aisA kahA jA cukA hai ki "sAdhanase sAdhyake jJAnako anumAna kahate haiN"| (samAdhAna) yaha zaGkA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki yahAMpara sAdhanazabdase nizcita hue dhUmAdika hI vivakSita haiM arthAt jisa hetukA nizcaya hocukA ho vaha yahAMpara sAdhana zabdase samajhanA caahiye| kyoMki jo hetu nizcayamArgameM prApta nahIM hai vaha sAdhana hI nahIM ho sakatA / zlokavArtikameM aisA hI kahA hai ki "sAdhanase sAdhyake jJAnako vidvAn anumAna kahate haiN"| isakA yahI artha hai ki "sAdhanase, arthAt jAne hue dhUmAdikase sAdhya-agni Adika liGgIkA jo zAna usako anumAna kahate haiM / kyoMki ajJAyamAna hetuko sAdhyajJAnakA utpAdaka mAnanese sote hue manuSyako tathA jisako dhUmAdika hetukA jJAna nahIM hai usako agni AdikA jJAna honA cAhiye, para hotA nahIM / isaliye zAyamAna liGgase utpanna hue sAdhyake jJAnako hI anumAna kahanA cAhiye, na ki hetuke jJAna Adiko, kyoMki, usIse sAdhyaviSayakA ajJAna dUra hotA hai| aisA vidvAnoMko mAnanA caahiye| yaha vArtikakA artha hai| kiM tatsAdhanaM yaddhetukaM sAdhyajJAnamanumAnamiti ceducyate

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nizcitasAdhyAnyathAnupapattikaM sAdhanam / yasya sAdhyAbhAvAsambhavaniyamarUpA vyAptyavinAbhAvAdyaparapoyA sAdhyAnyathAnupapattistakAMkhyena pramANena nirNItA ttsaadhnmityrthH| taduktaM kumAranandibhaTTArakaiH "anyathAnupapattyekalakSaNaM liGgamabhyata" iti / jisase sAdhyajJAnarUpa anumAna hotA hai usa sAdhanakA lakSaNa kyA hai ? jisakI sAdhyake vinA anupapatti nizcita hai usako sAdhana kahate haiM / arthAt sAdhyake abhAvameM (vinA) jisakA rahanA asambhava ho aisI niyamarUpa sAdhyAnyathAnupapatti, jisako vyApti athavA avinAbhAva bhI kahate haiM, tarka pramANase nirNIta huI ho usako sAdhana kahate haiM / isa viSayameM kumAranandI bhaTTArakane aisA kahA hai ki "liGga usako samajho ki ji. sakA lakSaNa anyathAnupapatti hI hai" / arthAt jisakA isa prakArakA sambandha nizcita hai ki yaha sAdhyake vinA nahIM rahatA usIko sAdhana kahate haiN| kiM tatsAdhyaM yadavinAbhAvaH sAdhanalakSaNam ? ucyate / zakyamabhipretamaprasiddha sAdhyam / yatpratyakSAdipramANAbAdhitatvena sAdhayituM zakyaM, vAdyabhimatatvenAbhipretaM, sandehAdyAkrAntatvenAprasiddhaM, tadeva sAdhyam / azakyasya sAdhyatve vahnayanuSNatvAderapi sAdhyatvaprasaGgAt / prasiddhasya sAdhyatve punaranumAnavaiyarthyAt / jisake avinAbhAvako sAdhanakA lakSaNa kahate haiM usa sA. dhyakA lakSaNa kyA hai ? jo zakya aura abhipreta tathA aprasiddha ho usako sAdhya kahate haiM / arthAt-jisameM pratyakSAdi pramANase bAdhA na Ave isa prakArase jo siddha kiyA jAsake usako zakya kahate haiM; jo vAdIko abhimata ho usako abhipreta

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kahate haiM tathA jisameM sandehAdika maujUda hoM usako aprasiddha kahate haiM / isa prakAra jisameM ukta tInoM bAteM pAI jAyaM usIko sAdhya kahate haiM / jo zakya nahIM hai usako bhI yadi sAdhya mAnA jAya to vahnimeM uSNatAkA abhAva bhI sAdhya ho jAyagA / isI prakAra jo siddha hai usako bhI sAdhya mAnA jAya to anumAna vyartha samajhA jAyagA, kyoMki jaba sAdhya pahalese hI siddha hai taba anumAnakA kyA prayojana ? / taduktaM nyAyavinizcaye "sAdhyaM zakyamabhipretamaprasiddha tato'param / sAdhyAbhAsaM viruddhAdi saadhnaavissytvtH||1||" iti / ayamarthaH yacchakyamabhipretamaprasiddhaM tatsAdhyaM / tato'paraM sAdhyAbhAsam / kiM tat ? viruddhAdi / viruddhaM pratyakSAdibAdhitam / AdizabdAdanabhipretaM prasiddhaM ceti / kuta etat ? sAdhanAviSayatvataH sAdhanena gocarIkartumazakyatvAt / ityakalaGkadevAnAmabhiprAyalezaH, tadabhiprAyasAkalyaM tu syaadvaadvidyaaptirvived| yahI bAta nyAyavinizcayAlaGkArameM kahI hai ki "sAdhyaM zakyamabhipretamaprasiddhaM tato'param / sAdhyAbhAsaM viruddhAdi saadhnaavissytvtH"| arthAt jo zakya, abhipreta, aura aprasiddha hai vaha sAdhya hai / jo aisA nahIM hai vaha sAdhyAbhAsa hai / vaha kauna hai ? viruddhAdika / jo pratyakSAdise bAdhita ho usako viruddha kahate haiN| Adi zabdase anabhipreta tathA prasiddha samajhanA cAhiye / kyoMki ve sAdhanake viSaya nahIM haiM / arthAt sAdhanase unakA jJAna nahIM ho sktaa| yaha akalaGkadevake abhiprAyakA lezamAtra hai unake sampUrNa abhiprAyako to syAdvAdavidyApatine hI jAnA hai| sAdhanasAdhyadvayamadhikRtya zlokavArtikaM ca "anyathAnupa

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ww pazyekalakSaNaM tatra sAdhanam / sAdhyaM zakyamabhipretamaprasiddhamudAhRtam" iti // 1 // tadevamavinAbhAvaikalakSaNAt sAdhanAcchakyAbhipretAprasiddharUpasya sAdhyasya jJAnamanumAnamiti siddham / sAdhana aura sAdhya ina donoMke viSaya meM zlokavArtika meM bhI kahA hai ki "jo sAdhyake vinA na pAyA jAya vaha sAdhana kahAtA hai aura jo zakya, abhipreta tathA aprasiddha ho usako sAdhya kahate haiM" / isase yaha siddha huA ki avinAbhAva hI hai mukhya lakSaNa jisakA aise sAdhanase utpanna hue zakya, abhipreta, tathA aprasiddha rUpa sAdhya ke jJAnako anumAna kahate haiM / tadanumAnaM dvividhaM svArtha parArtha ca / tatra svayameva nizcitAtsAdhanAtsAdhyajJAnaM svArthAnumAnam / paropadezamanapekSya svayameva nizcitAtprAktarkAnubhUtavyAptismaraNa sahakRtAddhUmAde: sAdhanAdutpannaM parvatAdau dharmiNyagnyAdeH sAdhyasya jJAnaM svArthAnumAnamityarthaH / yathA parvatoyamagnimAndhUmavattvAditi / ayaM hi svArthAnumAnasya jJAnarUpasyApi zabdenollekho, yathAyaM ghaTa iti zabdena pratyakSasya parvatoyamagnimAndhUmavattvAdityanena prakAreNa pramAtA jAnAtIti svArthAnumAnasthitiravagantavyA / usa anumAnake do bheda haiM, eka svArtha dUsarA parArtha / svayaM hI nizcita kiye hue sAdhanase utpanna hue sAdhya ke jJAnako svArthAnumAna kahate haiM / arthAt dUsarekI apekSA na rakhakara svayaM hI nizcita, tathA tarkapramANase jisakA pahale hI anubhava ho cukatA hai aisI vyAptike smaraNa se yukta, aise dhUmAdika hetuse parvatAdi dharmI meM utpanna honevAlA jo agni Adika sAdhyakA jJAna usako svArthAnumAna kahate haiN| jaise ki yaha parvata agnivAlA hai kyoMki

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71 yahAMpara dhuA~ hai / yadyapi svArthAnumAna jJAnarUpa hai to bhI usakA zabdadvArA yaha ullekha karadiyA hai / jaise ki "yaha ghaTa hai" ityAdi zabdoMdvArA pratyakSakA ullekha hotA hai / arthAt isa ullekhase yaha samajhanA cAhiye ki jisako svArthAnumAna hotA hai vaha "yaha parvata agnivAlA hai, kyoMki yahAMpara dhuA~ hai" isa prakArase jAnatA hai / yaha svArthAnumAnakA svarUpa samajhanA / asya ca svArthAnumAnasya trINyaGgAni - dharmI, sAdhyaM, sAdhanaM ca / tatra sAdhanaM gamakatvenAGgam / sAdhyaM tu gamyatvena / dharmI punaH sAdhyadharmAdhAratvena / AdhAravizeSaniSThatayA hi sAdhyasiddhiranumAnaprayojanaM, dharmamAtrasya tu vyAptinizcayakAla eva siddhatvAt, yatra yatra dhUmavattvaM tatra tatrAgnimattvamiti / 1 isa svArthAnumAnake tIna aGga haiM, dharmI, sAdhya, aura sAdhana / inameMse sAdhana to sAdhyakA jJAna karAnevAlA hone se anumAnakA aGga hai tathA sAdhya gamya hai isaliye aGga hai / evaM dharmI sAdhyarUpa dharmakA AdhAra hai isaliye aGga hai / kyoMki kisI eka AdhAra meM sAdhyakI siddhi karanA hI anumAnakA prayojana ( phala ) hai / kevala dharmakI (sAdhyakI ) siddhimAtra vinA AdhAra karanA prayojana nahIM hai, kyoMki "jahAM jahAM dhUma hotA hai vahAM vahAM agni hotI hai" isa prakAra vyAptikA nizcaya jisa samaya huA thA usI samaya usa dharmamAtrakA to nizcaya ho hI cukA thA / pakSI heturityaGgadvayaM svArthAnumAnasya, sAdhyadharmaviziSTasya dharmiNaH pakSatvAt / tathAca svArthAnumAnasya dharmisAdhyasAdhanabhedAtrIyaGgAni pakSasAdhanabhedAdaGgadvayaM ceti siddhaM vivakSAyA vaicitryAta / pUrvatra hi dharmidharmabhedavivakSA | uttaratra tu tatsamudAyavivakSA / sa eva dharmitvenAbhimataH prasiddha eva / taduktamabhiyuktaiH "prasiddho dharmoM" iti /

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72 svArthAnumAnake pakSa aura hetu isa prakAra do aGga bhI mAne jAte haiM kyoMki pakSa kahanese sAdhyarUpa dharmase yukta dharmIkA hI bodha hotA hai| isase yaha phalitArtha siddha huA ki svArthAnumAnake dharmI, sAdhya, sAdhanake bhedase tIna aGga hote haiM aura pakSa, sAdhanake kahanese do aGga hote haiM / isameM kevala vivakSAkI vicitratA hai / arthAt jaba tIna aGgavivakSita haiM taba dharmI aura dharmameM bheda vivakSita hai aura jaba do aGga iSTa hoM taba donoM (dharmI aura dharma )ke samudAyakI vivakSA samajhanI cAhiye / ukta tInoM aGgoMmeM jo dharmI hai vaha prasiddha hI hotA hai / soI mANikyanandi bhaTTArakane aisA kahA hai ki "dharmI prasiddha (hI) hotA hai| prasiddhatvaM ca dharmiNaH kacitpramANAtkacidvikalpAtkacipramANavikalpAbhyAm / tatra pratyakSAdyanyatamAvadhRtatvaM pramANaprasiddhatvam / anizcitaprAmANyAprAmANyapratyayagocaratvaM vikalpaprasiddhatvam / tavayaviSayatvaM pramANavikalpaprasiddhatvam / / dharmIkI prasiddhi kahIM to pramANase, kahIM vikalpase, aura kahIM pramANa vikalpa donoMse hotI hai| pratyakSAdimese kisI bhI eka pramANadvArA jisakA nizcaya ho usako pramANaprasiddha dharmI kahate haiM / "yaha pramANakA viSaya hai" athavA "yaha apramANakA viSaya hai" isa prakAra donoMmeMse jisakA kucha bhI nizcaya pramANadvArA to na ho kiMtu sAdhyasiddhimAtra karaneke liye jo kalpita karaliyA ho usako vikalpaprasiddha dharmI kahate haiM / jo donoMkA viSaya ho usako pramANavikalpaprasiddha dharmI kahate haiM / arthAt jisakA kucha aMza kisI pramANase siddha ho aura kucha aMza anizcita ho usako pramANavikalpaprasiddha dharmI kahate haiM / tatra pramANasiddho dharmI yathA dhUmavattvAdagnimace sAdhye parvataH khalu pratyakSeNAnubhUyate / vikalpasiddho yathA, sarvajJaH

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asti sunizcitAsambhavadbhAdhakapramANatvAdityastitve sAdhye srvjnyH| athavA kharaviSANaM nAstIti nAstitve sAdhye kharavipANam / sarvajJo hyastitvasiddheH prAGa, na pratyakSAdipramANasiddhaH / api tu pratItimAtrasiddha iti vikalpasiddhoyaM dhrmii| tathA kharaviSANamapi nAstitvasiddheH prAg vikalpasiddham / jaise dhUma hetuse agniko siddha karate samaya agnirUpa sAdhyakA AdhArabhUta jo parvatarUpa dharmI vaha pratyakSa pramANase siddha hai usIprakAra jo dharmI kisIpramANase siddha ho usako pramANasiddha kahate haiM / koI na koI sarvajJa hai kyoMki isakA bAdhaka pramANa nizcayase asambhava hai; yahAMpara astitvarUpa sAdhyakA AdhArabhUta sarvajJa vikalpasiddha dharmI hai, kyoMki astitvasiddhise pahale sarvajJa pratyakSAdi kisI bhI pramANase siddha nahIM hai / isI prakAra kharaviSANa nahIM hai, kyoMki usakA sAdhaka koI pramANa nahIM hai| yahAMpara nAstitvarUpa sAdhyakA AdhArabhUta kharaviSANa, nAstitva siddhise pahale kisI bhI pramANase siddha nahIM hai isaliye yaha bhI vikalpasiddha dharmI hai| ubhayasiddho dharmI yathA zabdaH pariNAmI kRtakatvAdityatra shbdH| sa hi vartamAnaHpratyakSagamyaH, bhUto bhaviSyaMzca viklpgmyH| sa sarvopi dharmIti pramANavikalpasiddho dharmI / pramANobhayasiddhayoH sAdhyaM kaamcaarH| vikalpasiddhe tu dharmiNi sattAsattayoreva sAdhyatvamiti niyamaH, taduktaM "vikalpasiddhe tasinsattetare sAdhye" iti / tadevaM paropadezAnapekSiNaH sAdhanAd dRzyamAnAddharminiSThatayA sAdhye yadvijJAnaM tatsvArthAnumAnamiti sthitam / taduktaM "paropadezAbhAvepi sAdhanAtsAdhyabodhanam / yadraSTurjAyate svArthamanumAnaM tducyte"| iti /

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74 zabda pariNAmI hai, kyoMki vaha kRtrima hai / yahAMpara zabda, ubhayasiddha dharmI hai; kyoMki vartamAna zabda pratyakSapramANase siddha hai aura bhUta tathA bhaviSyat zabda vikalpasiddha haiM, kyoMki pariNAmitvarUpa sAdhyakI siddhise pahale bhUta bhaviSyat zabdakA kharUpa pratyakSAdi pramANase siddha nahIM hai, kiMtu kalpanAmAtrase Aropita kara liyA jAtA hai, paraMtu vaha saMpUrNa hI, zabda arthAtbhUta, bhaviSyat, vartamAna, tInoM hI avasthAkA zabda dharmI mAnA gayA hai, isaliye zabdarUpa dharmI pramANavikalpa siddha hai| arthAt zabdakA ekadeza pratyakSAdi pramANase siddha hai aura ekadeza nahIM isaliye zabdarUpa dharmI pramANavikalpasiddha hai| pramANasiddha athavA ubhayasiddha dharmImeM icchAnusAra cAhe jo kucha sAdhya ho sakatA hai| arthAt ina do prakArake dharmiyoMmeM cAhe jo siddha kara sakate haiM / parantu vikalpasiddha dharmImeM yaha niyama hai ki usakI sattA yA asattA hI sAdhya ho sakatI hai| isIliye mANikyanandI svAmIne aisA kahA hai ki "vikalpasiddha dharmI meM sattA yA asattA hI sAdhya hotI hai" / isase yaha siddha huA ki "dUsarekI apekSA na rakhanevAle puruSako khayaM dIkhanevAle sAdhanadvArA kisI dharmI meM jo sAdhyakA jJAna hotA hai usako svArthAnumAna kahate haiM" / aisA kahA bhI hai ki "paropadeza vinA hI draSTAko [anumAna karanevAleko sAdhanase sAdhyakA jo jJAna ho vaha svArthAnumAna hai|" paropadezamapekSya sAdhanAtsAdhyavijJAnaM tatparArthAnumAnam / pratijJAheturUpaparopadezavazAcchroturutpannaM sAdhanAtsAdhyavijJAnaM praarthaanumaanmityrthH| yathA parvatoyamagnimAn bhavitumarhati dhRmavattvAnyathAnupapatteriti vAkye kenacitpayukte tadvAkyArtha prolocayataH smRtavyAptikasya zroturanumAnamupajAyate / dUsarekA upadeza sunanese jo sAdhanase sAdhyakA jJAna ho,

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vaha parArthAnumAna hai| arthAt pratijJA aura heturUpa dUsarekA upadeza sunanevAleko jo sAdhanase sAdhyakA jJAna hotA hai use parArthAnumAna kahate haiM / jaise ki "isa parvatameM agni honI cAhiye, kyoMki yadi yahAMpara agni na hotI to dhUma nahIM ho sakatA thA" isa prakAra kisIke kahanepara sunanevAleko ukta vAkyake arthakA vicAra karate hue aura vyAptikA smaraNa honese jo anumAna hotA hai vaha parArthAnumAna hai| paropadezavAkyameva parArthAnumAnamiti kecit, ta evaM praSTavyAH, tatki mukhyAnumAnamathavA gauNAnumAnamiti ? na tAvanmukhyAnumAnam , vAkyasyAjJAnarUpatvAt / gauNAnumAnaM tadvAkyamiti tvanumanyAmahe, tatkAraNe tadvayapadezopapatterAyurvai ghRtamityAdivat / tasyaitasya parArthAnumAnasyAGgasampattiH= vArthAnumAnavatparArthAnumAnaprayojakasya ca vAkyasya dvAvavayavau, pratijJA hetuzca / koI (naiyAyika) dUsareke vacanako hI parArthAnumAna kahate haiM, arthAt-jisa vAkyase dUsareko anumAna hotA hai, vaha vAkya hI parArthAnumAna haiM, aisA kahate haiN| parantu unase yaha pUchanA cAhiye ki vaha vAkya mukhyAnumAna hai athavA gauNAnumAna ? mukhyAnumAna to ho nahIM sakatA, kyoMki vAkya ajJAnarUpa hotA hai / yadi gauNAnumAna hai to ThIka hai, kyoMki anumAnarUpa kAryakA upacAra usake kAraNabhUta vAkyameM ho sakatA hai, jaise ki "ghRta hI Ayu hai" isa dRSTAntameM Ayuke kAraNarUpa ghRtako hI Ayu kaha diyA hai / ukta parArthAnumAna jisa vAkyase utpanna hotA hai usa vAkyake svArthAnumAnakI taraha do avayava haiM; eka pratijJA dUsarA hetu / yahI isa parArthAnumAnakA avayavavibhAga samajhanA caahiye| / tatra dharmadharmisamudAyarUpasya pakSasya vacanaM pratijJA / yathA

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76 parvatoyamagnimAniti / sAdhyAvinAbhAvi sAdhanavacanaM hetuH / yathA dhUmavattvAnyathAnupapatteriti, tathaiva dhUmavactvopapatteriti vA / anayorhetuprayogayoruktivaicitryamAtram / pUrvatra dhUmavazvAnyathAnupapatteriti ayamarthaH - dhUmavaccasyAgnimattvAbhAve'nupapatteriti niSedhamukhena pratipAdanam / dvitIye tu tathaiva dhUmavattvopapatteriti ayamartha:- agnimanve satyeva dhUmavattvopapatairiti vidhimukhena kathanam / arthastu na bhidyate, ubhayatrApyavimAbhAvisAdhanAbhidhAnAvizeSAt / tatastayorhetuprayogayoranyatara eva vaktavya ubhayaprayoge paunaruktyAt / tathA coktalakSaNA pratijJA, etayoranyataro hetu prayogazcetyavayavadvayaM parArthAnumAnavAkyasyeti vyutpannasya zrotustAvanmAtreNaivAnumityudayAt / 1 dharma aura dharmIke samudAyarUpa pakSake kahaneko pratijJA kahate haiM / jaise ki "yaha parvata agnisahita hai / " sAdhyake vinA na honevAle sAdhanako dikhAnA so hetu hai / jaise ki "kyoMki anyathA yahAM para dhUma nahIM ho sakatA athavA agni rahanepara hI dhUma ho sakatA hai""" ina donoM hI hetuoMke prayogoM meM kevala kahanekI vicitratA hai / " anyathA dhUma nahIM ho sakatA" isakA yaha artha hai ki agnike abhAva meM dhUma nahIM hosakatA / yahAMpara yaha kahanA niSedhakI mukhyatA se samajhanA cAhiye / "kyoMki yahAMpara dhUma hai" isa dUsare hetu prayogakA yaha artha hai ki agnike honepara hI ghUma hotA hai / arthAt yahAM para vidhimukhase kathana hai| donoM hI hetuprayogoMke artha meM koI bheda nahIM hai / kyoMki sAdhyake honepara hI sAdhanakA honA donoM prayogoM meM samAna dikhAyA gayA hai / ata eva donoM prayogoM meM se koI eka kahanA cAhiye; kyoMki donoMke kahanese punarukti doSa ho jAtA hai / isa

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77 liye pratijJA, jisakA ki pahale lakSaNa kaha cuke haiM, aura donoM hetuprayogoM se eka hetuprayoga ye do parArthAnumAnavAkyake avayava haiM; vyutpanna zrotAko ina do avayavoMse hI anumAna ho jAtA hai| naiyAyikAstu parArthAnumAnaprayogasya yathoktAbhyAM dvAbhyAmavayavAbhyAM samamudAharaNamupanayo nigamanaM ceti pazcAvayavAnAhuH / tathAca te sUtrayanti "pratijJAhetUdAharaNopanayanigamanAnyavayavAH" iti / tAMzca te lakSaNapurassaramudAharanti / tadyathA-"pakSavacanaM pratijJA, yathA parvatoyamagnimAniti / sAdhanatvaprakAzanArtha paJcamyantaM liGgavacanaM hetuH,. yathA dhUmavatvAditi / naiyAyika parArthAnumAnaprayogake ukta donoM avayavoMko svIkAra karate hue udAharaNa, upanaya, nigamana ye tIna avayava aura bhI mAnakara pAMca avayava mAnate haiM / unake yahAMkA yaha sUtra hai ki "pratijJAhetUdAharaNopanayanigamanAnyavayavAH" / isakA artha-pra. tijJA hetu udAharaNa upanaya nigamana ye pAMca anumAnake avayava haiM / ina pAMcoM hI avayavoMko ve lakSaNoM tathA udAharaNoMdvArA isa prakAra nirUpaNa karate haiM ki "pakSake vacanako pratijJA kahate haiM, jaise ki yaha parvata agnimAn hai / sAdhanapanA dikhAneke liye, arthAt yaha sAdhyakA sAdhaka hai yaha dikhAneke liye liGgake paJcamyanta uccAraNako hetu kahate haiM, jaise ki-kyoMki yahAMpara dhUma hai| vyAptipUrvakadRSTAntavacanamudAharaNam / yathA yo yo dhUmavAnasAvasAvanimAnyathA mhaansH| iti sAdhodAharaNam / yo yo'gnimAnna bhavati sa sa dhUmavAna bhavati yathA mhaahRdH| iti vaidharyodAharaNam / pUrvatrodAharaNabhede hetoranvayavyApti:

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pradazyate / dvitIye tu vyatirekavyAptiH / tadyathA-anvayavyAptipradarzanasthAnamanvayadRSTAntaH / vyatirekavyAptipradarzanapradezo vytirekdRssttaantH| evaM dRSTAntadvaividhyAttadvacanasyodAharaNasyApi dvaividhyaM boddhavyam / anayocodAharaNayoranyataraprayogeNaiva pryaapttvaaditraapryogH| vyAptipUrvaka dRSTAntake kahaneko udAharaNa kahate haiM / jaise ki jo jo dhUmavAn hotA hai vaha vaha agnimAn hotA hai, jaise mhaans| yaha sAdharmyakA (anvayarUpa) udAharaNa hai| jo jo agnimAn nahIM hotA vaha vaha dhUmavAn bhI nahIM hotA, jaise ki taalaav|yh vaidhairgyakA (vyatirekarUMpa) udAharaNa hai / pahale udAharaNameM hetukI anvayavyApti dikhAI hai, aura dUsaremeM vyatirekavyApti / jahAMpara anvayavyApti dikhAI jAya usako anvayadRSTAnta kahate haiM, aura jahAMpara vyatirekavyApti dikhAI jAya usako vyatirekadRSTAnta kahate haiM / isa prakAra dRSTAntake do bheda honese dRSTAntake kathanarUpa udAharaNake bhI do bheda samajhanA cAhiye / ina donoM udAharaNoMke prayogoM se ekase hI kAma cala sakatA hai, isa. liye donoMkA prayoga na karake ekakA hI prayoga karanA caahiye| dRSTAntApekSayA pakSahetorupasaMhAravacanamupanayaH / tathA cAyaM dhRmavAniti / hetupUrvakaM pakSavacanaM nigamanaM, tasAdagnimAneveti / ete paJcAvayavAH parArthAnumAnaprayogasya / tadanyatamAbhAve vItarAgakathAyAM vijigISukathAyAM vA nAnumitirudeti" iti naiyAyikAnAmabhimatam / 1 rasoIghara / 2 jahAMpara anvayavyApti dikhAI jAya usako sAdharmya kahate haiM / 3 jahAMpara vyatirekavyApti dikhAI jAya usako vaidharmya-dRSTAnta kahate haiM /

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79 dRSTAntakI apekSAse pakSa aura hetuke upasaMhAra karanevAle vacanako upanaya kahate haiM jaise ki-yaha bhI usItaraha dhUmavAn hai / hetupUrvaka pakSake dikhAneko nigamana kahate haiM, jaise ki- . isaliye yaha agnimAn hai / ye parArthAnumAnaprayogake pAMca avayava haiN| inameMse ekake bhI na honepara vItarAgakathA ho yA vijigISukathA ho kahIM bhI anumAna nahIM ho sktaa|" yaha naiyAyikoMkA mantavya hai / parantuH tadetadavimRzyAbhimananam / vItarAgakathAyAM tu pratipAdyAzayAnurodhenAvayavAdhikye'pi vijigISukathAyAM pratijJAheturUpAvayavadvayenaiva paryAptaH kimpryojnairnyairvyvaiH| yaha unakA avicArapUrvaka mAnanA hai; kyoMki vItarAgakathAmeM ziSyake Azayake anusAra yadyapi adhika avayava mAne jA sakate haiM, tathApi vijigISukathAmeM pratijJA aura hetu ina do hI avayavoMse jaba kAma cala sakatA hai taba niSprayojana adhika avayava mAnanekI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? tathA hi, vAdiprativAdinoH khamatasthApanArtha jayaparAjayaparyantaM parasparaM pravartamAno vAgvyApAro vijigISukathA / guruziSyANAM viziSTaviduSAM vA rAgadveSarahitAnAM tatvanirNayaparyantaM parasparaM pravartamAno vAgvyApAro vItarAgakathA / tatra vijigISukathA vAda iti cocyate / kecidvItarAgakathA vAda iti kathayanti tatpAribhASikameva / nahi loke guruziSyAdivAgvyApAre vAdavyavahAraH, vijigISuvAgvyavahAra eva vaadtvprsiddhH| yathA svAmisamantabhadrAcAryaiH sarve sarvathaikAntavAdino vAde jitA iti / / . vAdI aura prativAdImeM, apane apane matake sthApana karaneke

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80 liye, jaba taka ekakA jaya aura dUsarekA parAjaya na ho, taba taka pravartanevAle vacanavyavahArako vijigISukathA kahate haiM / jaba taka tattvanirNaya na hojAya taba taka guruziSya meM athavA rAgadveSarahita vizeSa vidvAnoM meM paraspara honevAle vacanavyavahArako vItarAgakathA kahate haiM / vijigISukathAko vAda bhI kahate haiM / koI vItarAgakathAko hI vAda kahate haiM, parantu yaha kevala unake gharakA saMketa hai; kyoMki guru aura ziSya ke vacanavyavahArako loka meM koI bhI vAda nahIM khtaa| jo vijigISukathA hai usImeM vAdazabda kI prasiddhi hai| jaise ki "svAmI zrIsamantabhadrAcAryane vAda meM sampUrNa sarvathA ekAntavAdiyoMko jItA " / tasmiMzca vAde parArthAnumAnavAkyasya pratijJA heturityavayavadvayamevopakArakaM, nodAharaNAdikam / tadyathA, liGgavacanAtmakena hetunA tAvadavazyaM bhavitavyam / liGgajJAnAbhAve'numiterevAnudayAt | pakSavacanarUpayA pratijJayApi ca bhavitavyaM, anyathA'bhimatasAdhyanizcayAbhAve sAdhyasandehavataH zroturanumityanudayAt / taduktaM "etad dvayamevAnumAnAGgam" iti / ayamarthaH, etayoH pratijJAhetvordvayamevAnumAnasya parArthAnumAnasyAGgam / vAde iti zeSaH / evakAreNAvadhAraNapareNa nodAharaNAdikamiti sUcitaM bhavati / vyutpannasyaiva hi vAdA - dhikAraH / pratijJAhetuprayoga mAtreNaivodAharaNAdipratipAdyasyArthasya gamyamAnasya vyutpannena jJAtuM zakyatvAt / gamyamAnasyApyabhidhAne paunaruktyaprasaGgAt / ukta vAdameM parArthAnumAnake liye bolehue vAkyake pratijJA aura hetu aise do avayava hI prayojInabhUta haiM, udAharaNAdika nahIM; kyoMki, liGgakathanarUpa hetukA prayoga to karanA hI cAhiye; kyoMki

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jaba taka liGgakA jJAna na hogA taba taka anumAna hI nahIM ho sktaa| isIprakAra pakSake vacanarUpa pratijJAko bhI avazya kahanA cAhiye, nahIM to sAdhyakA prayoga na karanese zrotAko sAdhyameM sandeha banA rahegA, aura ata eva iSTa sAdhyakA nizcaya na honese anumAna bhI nahIM hogaa| aisA kahA hai ki "etadvayamevAnu. mAnAGgam" arthAt vAdameM pratijJA aura hetu ye do hI anumAnake arthAt parArthAnumAnake aGga mAne gaye haiM / yahAMpara jo nizcayArthaka 'eva'zabdakA uccAraNa kiyA hai usase yaha sUcita hotA hai ki udAharaNAdika aGgoMkI vAdameM AvazyakatA nahIM hai, kyoMki vyutpannakA hI vAdameM adhikAra hai aura jo vyutpanna hai vaha usa arthako pratijJA aura hetu ina do avayavoMse hI jAna sakatA hai ki jo artha udAharaNAdikase jAnA jAtA hai / jo artha ekase jAnA jA sakatA hai usIkeliye dUsarA tIsarA prayoga karanese punarukti doSa AtA hai| ___ syAdetat / pratijJAprayoge'pi paunaruktyameva, tadabhidheyasya pakSasyApi prastAvAdinA gamyamAnatvAt / tathAca, liGgavacanalakSaNo hetureka eva vAde pryoktvyH| iti vadan bauddhaH pazurAtmano durvidagdhatAmudghoSayati / hetumAtraprayoge vyutpanasyApi sAdhyasandehAnivRtteH / tasAdavazyaM pratijJA prayoktavyA / taduktaM "sAdhyasandehApanodArtha gamyamAnasyApi pakSasya vacanam" iti / tadevaM vAdApekSayA parArthAnumAnasya pratijJAheturUpamavayavadvayameva, na nyUnaM, nAdhikamiti sthitam / prapaJcaH punaravayavavicArasya ptrpriikssaayaamiikssnniiyH| (zaGkA) pratijJAkA prayoga karanese bhI to punarukti AtI hI hai; kyoMki pratijJAke prayogase jisa pakSakA nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai vaha prakaraNa Adike dvArA bhI jAnA jA sakatA hai / isaliye nyA. dI. 6

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vAdameM liGgake kathanarUpa kevala hetukA hI prayoga karanA cA. hiye / (samAdhAna)-isa prakAra kahanevAlA bauddha-pazu apanI mUrkhatA pragaTa karatA hai, kyoMki kevala hetukA prayoga karanese vyutpannako bhI sAdhyameM sandeha banA raha sakatA hai / isa liye pratijJAkA prayoga karanA hI cAhiye / aisA kahA bhI hai ki "ya. dyapi pakSa jAnA huA ho tathApi sAdhyaviSayaka sandeha dUra kara. neke liye usakA prayoga karanA cAhiye / isa prakAra yaha siddha huA ki vAdakI apekSA parArthAnumAnake pratijJA aura hetu ye do hI avayava haiM, na kama, na adhik| yadi yaha avayavoMkA vicAra vistArapUrvaka dekhanA ho to patraparIkSAmeM dekhanA caahiye| vItarAgakathAyAM tu pratipAdyAzayAnurodhena pratijJAhetU dvAvavayavau, pratijJAhetUdAharaNAni trayaH, pratijJAhetUdAharaNopanayAzcatvAraH, pratijJAhetUdAharaNopanayanigamanAni vA pazceti yathAyogyaM prayogaparipATI / taduktaM kumAranandibhaTTArakaiH "prayogaparipATI tu pratipAdyAnurodhataH" iti / tadevaM pratijJAdirUpAtparopadezAdutpannaM parArthAnumAnam / taduktaM "paropadezasApekSaM sAdhanAtsAdhyavedanam / zroturyajAyate sA hi parArthAnumitirmatA // 1 // " iti / tathAca svArtha parArtha ceti dvividhamanumAnaM sAdhyAvinAbhAvanizcayaikalakSaNAddhetorutpadyate / kintu vItarAgakathAmeM ziSyake AzayAnusAra yathAyogya pratijJA aura hetu ina do avayavoMkA, pratijJA hetu udAharaNa ina tIna avayavoMkA, pratijJA hetu udAharaNa upanaya ina cAra avayavoMkA athavA pratijJA hetu udAharaNa upanaya nigamana ina pAMca avayavoMkA bhI prayoga hotA hai / yahI kumAranandIbhaTTArakane kahA hai ki "avayava bolanekI zailI to

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83 ziSyake Azayake anusAra hotI hai" / isa prakAra parArthAnumAna, pratijJAdirUpa dUsareke upadezase utpanna hotA hai / yahI kahA hai ki "paropadeza sunakara jo zrotAko sAdhanase sAdhyakA jJAna hotA hai usako parArthAnumAna kahate haiM / " phalitArtha yaha huA ki svArtha aura parArtha, donoM hI prakArakA anumAna usa hetuse utpanna hotA hai ki jisakA sAdhyake vinA na honA nizcita hai| ___ itthamanyathAnupapattyekalakSaNo heturanumitiprayojaka iti prathite'pyArhatamate tdetdvitaanye'nythaapyaahuH|ttr tAvattAthAgatAH "pakSadharmatvAditritayalakSaNAlliGgAdanumAnotthAnam" iti varNayanti / tathA hi "pakSadharmatvaM sapakSe sattvaM vipakSAdyAvRttiriti hetostrINi rUpANi / tatra sAdhyadharmaviziSTo dharmI pakSaH, yathA dhUmadhvajAnumAne prvtH| tasmin vyApya vartamAnatvaM hetoH pakSadharmatvam / sAdhyasajAtIyadharmA dharmI sapakSaH / yathA tatraiva mahAnasaH / tasminsarvatraikadeze vA vartamAnatvaM hetoH sapakSe sattvam / sAdhyaviruddhadharmA dharmI vipakSaH / yathA tatraiva mahAhRdaH, tasmAtsarvasAdvayAvRttatvaM hetorvipakSAbyAvRttiH / tA. nImAni trINi rUpANi militAni hetorlakSaNam / anyatamAbhAve hetorAbhAsatvaM syAt" iti / "jisakA lakSaNa kevala anyathAnupapatti hI hai aisA hetu anu. mAnakA prayojaka hai" isa prakAra jainasiddhAMta yuktisaMgata prasiddha honepara bhI, bahutase loga isa anumAnakA svarUpa isase viparIta hI kahate haiN| unameMse bauddha isa prakAra kahate haiM ki "jisameM pakSadharmatvAdika tIna svabhAva pAye jAte hoM, aise hetuse anumAnakI utpatti hotI hai| arthAt pakSadharmatva, sapakSe satva, vipakSAdyAvRtti isa prakAra hetuke tIna rUpa haiM / unamese jo dharmI sAdhyarUpa

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dharmakA Azraya ho, arthAt jahAMpara sAdhyako siddha karanA ho usa sAdhyayukta dharmIko pakSa kahate haiM, jaise ki agnikA anumAna karate samaya parvata / usa pakSake bhItara hetuke rahaneko pakSadharmatva kahate haiN| jisameM sAdhyakA sajAtIya dharma pAyA jAya arthAt jahAM sAdhya sAdhana donoM upalabdha hote hoM usa dharmIko sapakSa kahate haiM, jaise ki isI agniviSayake anumAnameM rsoiighr| usa sapakSake ekadezame athavA sampUrNa sthalameM hetuke rahaneko sapakSasatva kahate haiM / sAdhyake viruddha-dharmavAle sthalako vipakSa kahate haiM, jaise ki agnike anumAnameM mahAhrada / aise aise sampUrNa vipakSoMse hetuke sarvathA alaga rahaneko vipakSAdyAvRtti kahate haiM / ukta tInoM hI rUpa milakara hetukA lakSaNa hotA hai, pRthak pRthaka nhiiN| yadi ukta tInoM rUpoMmese eka bhI rUpa jisa hetumeM na ho to vaha saddhetu nahIM hai kintu use hetvAbhAsa mAnanA caahiye| ___ tadasaGgataM, kRttikodayAdehatorapakSadharmasya shkttodyaadisaadhygmktvdrshnaat| tathA hi, zakaTaM dharmi muhUrtAnte udeSyati kRttikodyaaditi|atr hi zakaTaH pakSaH,muhUrtAnte udayaH sAdhyaH, kRttikodayo hetuH / nahi kRttikodayo hetuH pakSIkRte zakaTe vartate / ato na pkssdhrmH| tathApyanyathAnupapattivalAcchakaTodayAkhyaM sAdhyaM gamayatyeva / tasmAdvauddhAbhimataM hetolkssnnmvyaaptm| parantu yaha unakA kahanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki, kRttikodayarUpa hetumeM yadyapi pakSadharmatva nahIM hai to bhI vaha zakaTodayarUpa sAdhyakA nizcaya karAtA hai| arthAt eka muhUrtake anantara zakaTakA udaya hogA, kyoMki abhI kRttikAkA udaya hai / yahA~para zakaTa dharmI hai aura eka muhUrtake anantara usakA udaya honA sAdhya hai / kRttikAkA udaya hetu hai / yaha kRttikAkA udayarUpa hetu pakSarUpa zakaTameM nahIM rahatA hai, isaliye isameM pakSadharmatva nahIM rahA; tathApi, anyathAnupapattike balase zakaTo.

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85 dayarUpa sAdhyakA nizcaya karAtA hI hai / isaliye bauddhake mAnehue hetuke lakSaNameM avyApti doSa AtA hai / naiyAyikAstu pAJcarUpyaM hetorlakSaNamAcakSate / tathA hi, pakSadharmatvaM sapakSe sattvaM vipakSAdvyAvRttirabAdhitaviSayatvamasatpratipakSatvaM ceti paJcarUpANi / tatrAdyAni trINyuktalakSaNAni / sAdhyaviparItanizcAyakamabalapramANarahitatvamabAdhitaviSayatvam / tAdRzasamabalapramANazUnyatvamasatpratipakSatvam / tadyathA, parvato - yamagnimAn dhUmavattvAt / yo yo dhUmavAn sa so'gnimAn, yathA mahAnasaH / yo yo'gnimAn na bhavati sa sa dhUmavAn na bhavati, yathA mahAhUdaH / tathA cAyaM dhUmavAMstasmAdagnimAneveti / / naiyAyika paJcarUpa honeko hetukA lakSaNa kahate haiM / arthAt pakSadharmatva, sapakSesatva, vipakSAdvyAvRtti, abAdhitaviSayatva aura asatpratipakSatva, isa prakAra hetuke pAMca rUpa haiN| inameM se pahale tInoMkA lakSaNa to pahale kahA jA cukA hai / dokA yaha suniye :- sAdhyase viparItatAkA nizcaya karAnevAlA prabala pramANa jisameM saMbhava na ho usako abAdhitaviSayatva kahate haiM / samAnabala ke dhAraka aise sAdhyaviparItanizcAyaka kisI viruddha pramANakA jo saMbhava na honA use asatpratipakSatva kahate haiM / arthAt yaha parvata agnimAn hai, kyoMki yahAMpara dhUma hai| jahAM jahAM dhUma hotA hai, vahAM vahAM agni jarUra hotI hai, jaise ki rasoigharameM / jahAM jahAM agni nahIM hotI, vahAM vahAM dhUma bhI nahIM hotA, jaise ki mhaahdmeN| dhUmavAn yaha bhI hai isaliye agnimAn bhI yaha honA cAhiye / atra hi agnimattvena sAdhyadharmeNa viziSTaH parvatAkhyo dharmI pakSaH / dhUmavattvaM hetuH / tasya ca tAvatpakSadharmatvamasti, pakSIkRteparvate vartamAnatvAt / sapakSe saccamapyasti, sapakSe mahAnase varta

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mAnatvAt / nanu keSucitsapakSeSu dhUmavatvaM na vartate, aGgArAvasthApanAgnimatsu pradezeSu dhUmAbhAvAditi cenna, sapakSaikadezavRtterapi hetutvAt / sapakSe sarvatraikadeze vA vRttirhetoH sapakSe sattvamityuktatvAt / vipakSAbyAvRttirapyasti, dhUmavattvasya sarvamahAhRdAdivipakSAdyAvRtteH / abAdhitaviSayatvamapyasti, dhUmavattvasya hetoryo viSayo'gnimattvAkhyaM sAdhyaM tasya pratyakSAdipramANAbAdhitatvAt / asatpratipakSatvamapyasti, agnirahitatvasAdhakasamabalapramANAsambhavAt / tathA ca, pAzcarUpyasampattireva dhUmavatvasya sAdhyasAdhakatve nivandhanam / evameva sarveSAmapi saddhetUnAM rUpapaJcakasampattirUhanIyA / yahAMpara agnirUpa sAdhyadharmase yukta parvatarUpa dharmI pakSa hai| dhUmavattva hetu hai / isameM pakSadharmatva kharUpa hai, kyoMki yaha parvatarUpa pakSameM rahatA hai / mahAnasarUpa sapakSameM rahatA hai, isaliye sapakSasattva bhI hai / yahAMpara yaha zaGkA nahIM ho sakatI ki "jisa sthAnapara aGgAra avasthAko prApta agni hai vahAMpara dhUma nahIM rahatA isaliye kisI kisI sapakSameM dhUmavattva hetu nahIM rahatA hai" kyoMki sapakSake ekadezameM rahanevAleko bhI hetu kahate haiM / aisA kahA hai ki "sampUrNa sapakSameM athavA usake ekadezameM bhI yadi hetu rahatA ho to sapakSasatva ho jAtA hai"| vipakSase vyAvRtti bhI hai, kyoMki yaha dhUmavattva hetu kisI bhI mahAhadAdirUpa vipakSameM nahIM rahatA / avAdhitaviSayatva bhI hai, kyoMki dhUmarUpa hetukA agnirUpa sAdhya jo viSaya hai usake sAtha avinAbhAva hone meM kisI bhI pratyakSAdi pramANase bAdhA nahIM AtI / isI prakAra asatpratipakSatva bhI hai, kyoMki dhUmayukta sthAnameM agnike na rahanekA sAdhaka koI bhI samabala pramANa arthAt anumAna nahIM hai / isaliye sAdhyakI siddhi karane hetukI paJca

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87 rUpa sAmagrIkA yoga hI kAraNa hai| isI prakAra dUsare sthAnoM meM bhI sampUrNa saddhetuoMkI paJcarUpa sAmagrIke yogakA vicAra karalenA caahiye| tadanyatamavirahAdeva khalu paJca hetvAbhAsAH, asiddhaviruddhAnaikAntikakAlAtyayApadiSTaprakaraNasamAkhyAH sampannAH / tathA hi, anishcitpkssvRttirsiddhH| yathA anityaH zabdazcAkSuSatvAt / atra hi cAkSuSatvaM hetuHpakSIkRte zabde na vartate, zrAvaNatvAt shbdsy| tathA ca pakSadharmatvavirahAdasiddhatvaM cAkSuSatvasya / sAdhyaviparItavyApto viruddhaH / yathA nityaH zabdaH kRtakatvAditi / kRtakatvaM hetuH sAdhyabhUtanityatvaviparItenAnityatvena vyAta, sapakSe ca ggnaadaavvidymaantvaadviruddhH| ina rUpoMmeMse ekake bhI na rahanese hI asiddha, viruddha, anaikAntika, kAlAtyayApadiSTa, prakaraNasama isa prakAra pAMca hetvAbhAsa ho jAte haiM / jisa hetukA pakSameM rahanA nizcita na ho usako asiddha kahate haiM / jaise ki zabda anitya hai, kyoMki vaha cAkSuSa hai, arthAt cakSurindriyase usakA jAnanA hotA hai / yahAMpara cAkSuSatva hetu pakSarUpa zabdameM nahIM rahatA, kyoMki vaha zrAvaNa hai, arthAt usakA zrotrendriyase hI jAnanA hotA hai / isaliye pakSadharmatva na honese cAkSuSatva hetu asiddhanAmaka hetvAbhAsa hai| jisa hetukI sAdhyase viparItake sAtha hI vyApti arthAt rahanA ho usako viruddha hetvAbhAsa kahate haiM / jaise ki zabda nitya hai, kyoMki kRtrima hai / yahAMpara kRtrimatvarUpa hetukI sAdhyabhUta nityatvase viparIta anityatvake hI sAtha vyApti hai / aura yaha sapakSarUpa AkAzAdikameM nahIM rahatA isaliye viruddhanAmaka hetvAbhAsa yaha kahA jAtA hai / arthAt jahAMpara sAdhyakA nizcaya ho usako sapakSa kahate haiM / AkAzameM sAdhyabhUta nityatAkA

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nizcaya hai isaliye vaha sapakSa hai; parantu vahAMpara kRtrimatvarUpa hetu nahIM hai, isaliye sapakSameM sattA na rahanese yaha viruddhanAmaka hetvAbhAsa hotA hai| savyabhicAro'naikAntikaH / yathA anityaH zabdaH, prameyatvAditi / prameyatvaM hi hetuH sAdhyabhUtamanityatvaM vyabhicarati, gaganAdau vipakSe nityatvenApi sahavRtteH / tato vipkssaayaavRttybhaavaadnaikaantikH| bAdhitaviSayaH kAlAtyayApadiSTo, yathA'gniranuSNaH, padArthatvAditi / atra padArthatvaM hetuH khaviSaye'nuSNatve uSNatvagrAhakeNa pratyakSeNa bAdhite prvrtmaano'baadhitvissytvaabhaavaatkaalaatyyaapdissttH| vyabhicArasahita hetuko anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa kahate haiN| arthAt-jo hetu vivakSita sAdhyavAle saba sthaloMmeM milatA huA sAdhyake abhAvavAle sthalameM bhI pAyA jAya vaha anaikAntika nAmakA hetvAbhAsa kahAtA hai / jaise ki zabda anitya hai, kyoMki prameya hai, arthAt kisI na kisIke jJAnakA viSaya hai / yahAMpara prameyatva hetu sAdhyabhUta anityatvase vyabhicArI hai, kyoMki AkA. zAdika vipakSameM prameyatva hetu to rahatA hai, parantu sAdhyabhUta anityatva nahIM rahatA / isaliye vipakSase vyAvRttasvarUpa na honeke kAraNa anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa hai / jisa hetukA viSaya kisI pramANase bAdhita ho usako kAlAtyayApadiSTa kahate haiN| jaise ki agni uSNa nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha padArtha hai / yahAMpara padArthasva hetukA viSaya jo agnikA uSNa na honA, vaha uSNatva. grAhI svArzana pratyakSapramANase bAdhita hotA hai / isaliye abAdhitaviSayatvarUpake na honese kAlAtyayApadiSTa hetvAbhAsa hai| pratisAdhanapratiruddho hetuH prakaraNasamaH / yathA anityaH zabdo nityamarahitatvAditi / atra hi nityadharmarahitatvA

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diti hetuH pratisAdhanena prtiruddhH| kiM tatpratisAdhanamiti cet, nityaH zabdo'nityadharmarahitatvAditi nityatvasAdhanam / tathA cAsatpratipakSatvAbhAvAt prakaraNasamatvaM nityadharmarahitatvAditi hetoH| jo hetu pratisAdhanase pratiruddha ho; arthAt sAdhyase viparIta sAdhanevAle dUsare kisI viruddha hetudvArA jo hetu apane iSTa sAdhyako siddha na kara sakai usako prakaraNasama kahate haiN| jaise ki zabda anitya hai, kyoMki usameM nityapadArthakA dharma (nityatva) nahIM rahatA / yahAMpara 'nityake dharmase rahita honA' aisA jo hetu, vaha virodhIsAdhanase rokA gayA hai / vaha virodhIsAdhana kyA hai? zabda nitya hai, kyoMki usameM anityatva dharma nahIM rahatA isaprakAra nityatvasAdhaka hetu virodhI hai / isaliye nityadharmase rahita honA, aisA jo hetu vaha asatpratipakSatvarUpa hetukharUpake na rahanese prakaraNasama hetvAbhAsa hai| tasAtpAJcarUpyaM hetorlakSaNamanyatamAbhAve hetvAbhAsatvaprasaGgAditi sUktam / hetulakSaNarahitA hetuvadavabhAsamAnAH khalu hetvaabhaasaaH| paJcarUpAnyatamazUnyatvAddhetulakSaNarahitatvaM kati. payarUpasampatterhetuvadavabhAsamAnatvamiti vacanAditi / tadetattadapi naiyAyikAbhimananamanupapanna, kRttikodayasya pakSadharmarahitasyApi zakaTodayaM prati hetutvdrshnaatpaashcruupysyaavyaapteH| isa liye yaha ThIka hI kahA ki pAzcarUpya hI hetukA lakSaNa hai| inameMse ekake bhI na rahanese vaha hetu hetvAbhAsa ho jAtA hai| jisameM hetukA lakSaNa to ghaTita na ho parantu hetuke samAna mAlUma paDai usako hetvAbhAsa kahate haiN| kyoMki aisA kahA hai ki "ye asiddhAdika hetvAbhAsa, hetuke pAMca rUpoMmese kisI eka doke na honese hetuke lakSaNase rahita haiM aura kati

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paya rUpoMse yukta honeke kAraNa hetuke samAna mAlUma hote haiN"| naiyAyikoMkA yaha sabhI kahanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki kRttiko dayarUpa hetu, pakSadharmarUpa na honepara bhI zakaTodaya sAdhyakA nizcaya karAtA hai / isaliye hetuke pAzcarUpya lakSaNameM avyApti doSa AtA hai| kiM ca kevalAnvayikevalavyatirekiNorhetvoH pAzcarUpyAbhAvepi gamakatvaM tairevaanggiikriyte| tathA hi / te manyante, trividho hetuH-anvayavyatirekI,kevalAnvayI,kevalavyatirekI ceti / tatra pazcarUpopapanno'nvayavyatirekI, yathA zabdo'nityo bhavitumaheti kRtakatvAt / yadyatkRtakaM tattadanityaM, yathA ghaTaH / yadyadanityaM na bhavati tattatkRtakaM na bhavati, yathA''kAzam / tathA cAyaM kRtakaH, tasmAdanitya eveti / atra zabdaM pakSIkRtyAnityatvaM sAdhyate, tatra kRtakatvaM hetuH / tasya pakSIkRtazabdadharmatvAtpakSadharmatvamasti / sapakSe ghaTAdau vartamAnatvAt , vipakSa gaganAdAvavartamAnatvAdanvayavyatirekitvam / dUsarA doSa yaha ki, kevalAnvayI tathA kevalavyatirekI hetuko pAJcarUpyalakSaNase rahita honepara bhI khayaM unhoMne (naiyAyikoMne) sAdhyakA sAdhaka mAnA hai| arthAt unakA aisA siddhAnta hai ki hetuke tIna bheda haiM-anvayavyatirekI, kevalAnvayI aura kevlvytirekii| jisameM hetuke pAMcoM svarUpa pAye jAya~ usako anvayavyatirekI kahate haiM / jaise ki zabda anitya hai, kyoMki vaha kRtaka (kRtrima) hai / jo jo kRtaka hotA hai vaha vaha anitya hotA hai, jaise ki ghaTa / jo anitya nahIM hotA vaha kRtaka bhI nahIM hotA, jaise AkAza / zabda bhI kRtaka hai, isaliye anitya hI hai| yahAMpara zabdako pakSa banAkara kRtakatva hetuse anityatAkI

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siddhi karate haiM / yaha kRtakatva hetu zabdarUpa pakSameM rahatA hai isaliye usameM pakSadharmatva hai / ghaTAdika sapakSameM rahatA hai (isaliye sapakSameM sattA bhI hai) aura AkAzAdika vipakSameM nahIM rahatA (isaliye vipakSase vyAvRtti bhI hai) isaliye yaha hetu anvayavyatirekI hai| pakSasapakSavRttirvipakSattirahitaH kevalAnvayI / yathA'dRSTAdayaH kasyacitpratyakSA, anumeyatvAt / yadyadanumeyaM tattatkasyacitpratyakSam / yathA'gyAdiriti / atra 'adRSTAdaya pakSA, kasyacitpratyakSatvaM sAdhyam , anumeyatvaM hetuH, amyaadynvydRssttaantH| anumeyatvaM hetu pakSIkRte'dRSTAdau vartate, sapakSabhUte'jyAdau vartate, tataH pakSadharmatvaM sapakSe sattvaM cAsti / vipakSaH punaratra nAstyeva, sarvasyApi pakSasapakSAntarbhAvAt / tasmAdvipakSAbyAvRttirnAstyeva, vyAvRtteravadhisApekSatvAdavadhibhUtasya ca vipakSasyAbhAvAt / zeSamanvayavyatirekivadraSTavyam / / jo hetu pakSa aura sapakSameM rahai kintu vipakSameM na rahai usako kevalAnvayI kahate haiN| jaise adRSTAdika kisIke pratyakSa haiM; kyoMki anumeya haiM / jo jo anumeya hote haiM ve ve kisIke pratyakSa avazya hote haiM, jaise agni Adika / yahAMpara 'adRSTAdika' pakSa hai, kisI jIvako usakA pratyakSa honA sAdhya hai, anumeyatva hetu hai aura 'agyAdi' dRSTAnta hai / anumeyatva hetu adRSTAdika pakSameM aura agnyAdika sapakSameM rahatA hai isaliye usameM pakSadharmatva tathA sapakSasattva milatA hai| kintu vipakSa yahAMpara koI nahIM hai| kyoMki saba padArthoMkA pakSa aura sapakSameM hI antarbhAva hojAtA hai| isaliye yahAMpara vipakSase vyAvRtti honA saMbhava nahIM hai| vyAvRtti avadhikI apekSA rakhatI hai aura avadhibhUta vipakSa yahAMpara koI hai hI nhiiN| yahI isa kevalAnvayI hetumeM vizeSatA hai, zeSa saba anvayavyatirekIke samAna hai| . . .

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pakSavRttirvipakSavyAvRttaH sapakSarahito hetuH kevalavyatirekI / yathA jIvaccharIraM sAtmakaM bhavitumarhati prANAdima-. tvAt / yadyatsAtmakaM na bhavati tattatprANAdimanna bhavati, yathA loSThamiti / atra jIvaccharIraM pakSaH, sAtmakatvaM sAdhyaM, prANAdimatvaM hetuH, losstthaadiy'tirekidRssttaantH| prANAdimattvaM hetuH pakSIkRte jIvaccharIre vartate / vipakSAcca losstthaadeaavrtte| sapakSaH punaratra nAstyeva / sarvasyApi pakSavipakSAntarbhAvAditi / zeSaM pUrvavat / jo pakSameM rahai aura vipakSase vyAvRtta ho kiMtu jisakA sapakSa na ho usa hetuko kevalavyatirekI kahate haiN| jaise ki jIvitakA zarIra sAtmaka hai; kyoMki usameM zvAsocchrAsa haiN| jo sAtmaka nahIM hotA vaha zvAsAdiyukta bhI nahIM hotA, jaise ki miTTIkA DhelA / yahAMpara jIvitakA zarIra pakSa hai, sAtmakatva sAdhya hai, zvAsocchvAsAdikA honA yA prANAdimattva hetu hai, miTTIkA DhelA vyatirekI dRSTAnta hai / yaha prANAdimattva hetu jIvita zarIrarUpa pakSameM rahatA hai, tathA miTTIke DhelerUpa vipakSase vyAvRtta hai / sapakSa isakA koI hai hI nahIM, kyoMki saba cIz2oMkA pakSa vipakSameM hI antarbhAva ho cukatA hai| zeSa sampUrNa anvayavyatirekIke samAna smjhnaa|| evameteSAM trayANAM hetUnAM madhye'nvayavyatirekiNa eva pA. zvarUpyaM, kevalAnvayino vipakSavyAvRttyabhAvAt, kevalavyatirekiNaH sapakSasattvAbhAvAcca naiyAyikamatAnusAreNaiva pAzcarUpyavyabhicAraH / anyathAnupapattestu sarvahetuvyAptatvAddhetulakSaNatvamucitam / tadabhAve hetoH svasAdhyagamakatvAghaTanAt / isa prakAra ukta tInoM hI hetuoMmeMse kevala anvayavyatirekI.

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meM hI 'pAzcarUpya' hetulakSaNa ghaTita hotA hai, auroMmeM nahIM; kyoMki kevalAnvayImeM vipakSavyAvRtti nahIM hai aura kevalavyatirekImeM sapakSasattva nahIM hai / isa prakAra naiyAyikamatake anusAra bhI hetuke pAzcarUpyamaya lakSaNameM vyabhicAra AtA hai| kintu anya. thAnupapattirUpa hetukA lakSaNa lakSyabhUta sampUrNa hetuoMmeM vyApta hokara rahatA hai isaliye hetukA vaha lakSaNa ucita hai / kyoMki anyathAnupapattike na honese hetu sAdhyakA gamaka kahIM bhI nahIM hosktaa| yaduktamasiddhAdidoSapaJcakanivAraNAya krameNa pazcarUpANIti tanna, anyathAnupapattimattvena nizcitatvasyaivAsadabhimatalakSaNasya tnivaarktvsiddheH| tathA hi, sAdhyAnyathAnupapattimattve sati nizcayapathaprAptatvaM khalu hetorlakSaNam , sAdhyAvinAbhAvitvena nizcito heturiti vacanAt / na caitadasiddhasyAsti, zabdAnityatvasAdhanAyAbhipretasya cAkSuSatvAdeH svarUpasyaivAbhAve kutonyathAnupapattimattvena nizcayapathaprAptiH / yaha jo kahA thA ki "asiddhAdi pAMcoM doSoMke dUra karaneke liye hetuke pAMcoM rUpoMkA kramase nirUpaNa kiyA hai" so ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki anyathAnupapattisvarUpadvArA nizcita honerUpa hamAre mAne hue hetulakSaNase hI una asiddhAdi doSoMkA nivAraNa ho sakatA hai / vaha kisatarahase hosakatA hai so dikhAte haiM / 'sAdhyake vinA akelA na rahane'rUpa jo avinAbhAvakA nizcaya honA vahI hetukA lakSaNa hai| kyoMki aisA vacana hai ki "jo sAdhyAvinAbhAvarUpase nizcita ho arthAt jisakA yaha nizcaya ho ki yaha sAdhyake vinA nahIM rahatA usako hetu kahate haiN| isa prakAra asiddha hetvAbhAsakA anyathA nupapattirUpase nizcaya nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki zabdakA anityatva siddha karaneke liye vahAMpara mAnehue cAkSuSatva hetukA

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91 jaba koI svarUpa hI nahIM hai taba usakA anyathAnupapattirUpase nizcaya kisa taraha ho sakatA hai ? tataH sAdhyAnyathAnupapattimattvena nizcayapathaprAptyabhAvAdevAssa hetvAbhAsatvaM, natu pakSadharmatvAbhAvAt , apakSadharmasthApi kRttikodayAderyathoktalakSaNasampattereva saddhetutvapratipAdanAt / viruddhAdestu tadabhAvaH spaSTa eva / nahi viruddhasya vyabhicAriNo bAdhitaviSayasya satpratipakSasya vAnyathAnupapattimatvena nizcayapathaprAptirasti / tasmAdyasyAnyathAnupapattimattve sati yogyadeze nizcayapathaprAptirasti sa eva saddhetuH, aparastadAbhAsa iti sthitam / isaliye, isa hetukI sAdhyAnyathAnupapattikA nizcaya nahIM hai ata eva yaha hetvAbhAsa hai, na ki isaliye ki isameM pakSadharmatAkA abhAva hai| kyoMki 'kRttikodaya' hetuko pakSameM na rahanepara bhI, upayukta anyathAnupapattirUpa lakSaNase yukta honeke kAraNa hI saddhetu mAnA hai / viruddhAdi hetvAbhAsoMmeM to anyathAnupapattikA abhAva spaSTa hI hai / viruddha, vyabhicArI, bAdhitaviSaya yA satpratipakSa inamese kisI bhI hetvAbhAsameM anyathAnupapattirUpase nizcaya honA saMbhava nahIM hai| isase yaha siddha huA ki jisakI sAdhyake sAtha anyathAnupapatti siddha hotI ho aura phira sAdhya siddha karate hue jisakA rahanA kisI bhI ucita sthAnameM nizcita hotA ho vaha saccA hetu hai, aura saba (isase viruddha) hetvAbhAsa hai| kiMca garbhastho maitratanayaH zyAmo bhavitumarhati, maitratanayatvAt sampratipatramaitratanayavadityatrApi trairUpyapAzcarUpyayobauddhayaugAbhimatayorativyApralakSaNatvam / tathA hi, paridRzyamAneSu

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paJcasu maitraputreSu zyAmatAmupalabhya tadgarbhagatamapi vivAdApana pakSIkRtya zyAmatvasAdhanAya prayukto maitratanayAkhyo heturAbhAsa iti tAvatprasiddham / azyAmatvasyApi tatra sambhAvitatvAt / tatsambhAvanA ca zyAmatvaM prati maitratanayatvasyAnyathAnupapattyabhAvAt / tadabhAvazca sahakramabhAvaniyamAbhAvAt / _ aura bhI yaha eka doSa hai ki,garbhastha maitraputra zyAma hogA, kyoMki maitrakA putra hai, jo jo maitraputra haiM ve ve zyAma haiM, jaise vartamAnake maitraputra / yahAMpara ( hetvAbhAsameM) bhI bauddha aura yaugoMke mAnehue hetuke rUpya aura pAzcarUpya lakSaNa ghaTita hote haiM isaliye isa lakSaNameM ativyApti doSa AtA hai| kyoMki vartamAnake pAMcoM maitraputroMmeM zyAmatAko dekhakara vivAdApanna garbhaprApta putrako pakSa banAkara usameM zyAmatA siddha karanekeliye kahAhuA maitratanayatvarUpa hetu, hetu nahIM hai, kiMtu hetvAbhAsa hai, yaha bAta prasiddha hai| kyoMki usake zyAma na honekI bhI sambhAvanA hai; yaha bhI kyoMki zyAmatvake prati maitratanayatvakI anyathAnupapatti nahIM haiM-arthAt yaha niyama nahIM hai ki zyAmatvake vinA maitratanayatva na ho athavA jo jo maitratanaya ho vaha vaha zyAma hI ho yaha niyama nahIM hosktaa| yahAMpara anyathAnupapattikA abhAva to sahabhAva yA kramabhAvarUpa niyamake na bananese hI mAnanA par3atA hai| __ yasya hi dharmasya yena dharmeNa sahabhAvaniyamaH sa taM gamayati, yathA ziMzapAtvasya vRkSatvena sahabhAvaniyamostIti ziMzapAtvahetuvRkSatvaM gamayati / yasya yena kramabhAvaniyamaH sa taM gamayati, yathA dhRmasyAmyanantarabhAvaniyamostIti dhUmoniM gmyti| nahi maitratanayatvasya hetutvAbhimatasya zyAmatvena sAdhyatvAbhimatena sahabhAvaH kramabhAvo vA niyamosti, yena maitratanayatvaM hetuH zyAmatvaM sAdhyaM gamayet /

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jisa makA jisa dharmake sAtha sahabhAva niyama ho vaha usakA sAdhaka hotA hai / jaise ziMzapAtvakA vRkSatvake sAtha yaha niyama hai ki zizapAtva vRkSatvake sAtha hI rahatA hai, isaliye ziMzapAtva hetu vRkSatvakA sAdhaka hojAtA hai / isI prakAra jisakA jisake sAtha kramabhAvaniyama ho vaha usakA sAdhaka hosakatA hai| jaise yaha niyama hai ki dhUma agnike anantara utpanna hotA hai isaliye dhUmakA agnike sAtha kramabhAva niyama hai, ata eva dhUma agnikA sAdhaka hojAtA hai| parantu isa prakAra maitratanayatvarUpa hetukA zyAmatvarUpa sAdhyake sAtha sahabhAva yA kramabhAvarUpa niyama nahIM hai, ki jisase maitratanayatva hetu zyAmatva sAdhyakA sAdhaka ho ske| yadyapi sampratipannamaitraputreSu maitratanayatvazyAmatvayoH sahabhAvosti, tathApi nAsau niyato, maitratanayatvamastu zyAmatvaM mAstu ityevaMrUpe vipakSe bAdhakAbhAvAt / vipakSabAdhakapramANabalAtkhalu hetusAdhyayoAptinizcayaH / vyAptinizcayataH sahabhAvaH kramamAvovA, sahakramabhAvaniyamo'vinAbhAva iti vacanAt / vivAdAdhyAsito vRkSo bhavitumarhati, ziMzapAtvAm / yA yA ziMzapA sa sa vRkSaH, yathA sampratipanna iti / atra hi heturastu sAdhyaM mA bhUdityetasin vipakSe sAmAnyavizeSabhAvabhagaprasaGgo bAdhakaH / vRkSatvaM hi sAmAnyaM ziMzapAtvaM tadvizeSaH / na hi vizeSaH sAmAnyAbhAve sambhavati / / yadyapi vartamAna sabhI mitrake putroMmeM maitratanayatva (hetu) aura zyAmatva (sAdhya) kA sahabhAva hai; tathApi yaha sarvathA niyamita nahIM hai, kyoMki yadi maitratanayatva ho aura vahAMpara zyAmatva na rahai to isa prakArake vipakSameM koI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai / vipakSameM bAdhaka pramANakA bala milanase hI hetu aura sAdhyameM vyAptikA

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nizcaya hotA hai aura vyAptike nizcayase hI sahabhAva yA kramabhAva nizcita hotA hai; kyoMki aisA kahA hai ki "sahabhAva yA kramabhAvake niyamako hI avinAbhAva kahate haiM" / yaha sAmanekI vastu vRkSa hai; kyoMki yaha ziMzapA hai, jo jo zizapA hotA hai vaha vaha vRkSa hotA hai, jaise ki yaha vRkSa / yahAMpara yadi hetu rahai aura sAdhya na ho to isa vipakSameM sAmAnyavizeSake niyamita sambandhakA TUTa jAnA hI bAdhaka pramANa hai / vRkSatva sAmAnya dharma hai aura zizapAtva usakA vizeSa hai, sAmAnyake abhAva meM vizeSa nahIM raha sakatA / I na caivaM maitratanayatvamastu zyAmatvaM mAstvityukte kiJcidvAdhakamasti tasmAnmaitratanayatvaM hetvAbhAsa eva / tasya tAvatpakSadharmatvamasti, pakSIkRte garbhasthe tatsadbhAvAt / sapakSeSu sampratipanneSu tasya vidyamAnatvAtsapakSe sacvamapyasti / vipakSebhyaH punarazyAmebhyacaitraputrebhyo vyAvartamAnatvAdvipakSAdvyAvRttirasti / viSayabAdhAbhAvAdabAdhitaviSayatvamasti / nahi garbhasthasya zyAmatvaM kenacidvAdhyate / asatpratipakSatvamapyasti, pratikUla samabalapramANAbhAvAt / iti pAJcarUpyasampattiH / trairUpyaM tu sahastre zatanyAyena sutarAM siddhameva / parantu maitratanayatva rahai aura zyAmatva na rahai aisA viparIta kahane meM koI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai; isaliye maitratanayatva hetvAbhAsa hI hai / parantu isameM pakSadharmatA hai; kyoMki garbhaprApta maitraputrarUpa pakSa meM maitratanayatva hetu rahatA hai / sapakSa meM sattA bhI hai; kyoMki sapakSabhUta vartamAnake sabhI putroM meM vaha rahatA hai / vipakSase vyAvRtti bhI hai; kyoMki vipakSabhUta sabhI maitrake putroMse jinameM ki koI bhI zyAma nahIM hai, vaha vyAvRtta hai / isake viSameM pratyakSAdi pramANase koI bAdhA nahIM AtI isaliye abAMnyA0 dI0 7 1

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dhita viSayatva bhI hai; kyoMki garbhasthita maitraputrakI zyAmatA kisI pramANase bhI bAdhita nahIM hai / virodhI samAnabalavAle kisI bhI pramANake na honese asatpratipakSatva bhI hai / isa prakAra isa maitratanayatva hetumeM pAzcarUpyasampatti hai, trairUpya to hajArameM sauke nyAyase (bahutameM thoDekA antarbhAva ho jAnA, jaise hajArameM saukA) sutarAM hI siddha hai| nanu ca na pAzcarUpyamAnaM hetolekSaNam / kiM tarhi? anyathAnupapattyupalakSaNamiti cetarhi saivaikAntalakSaNamastu / tadabhAve pAzvarUpyasampattAvapi maitratanayatvAdau na hetutvam / tatsadbhAve pAzvarUpyAbhAve'pi kRttikodayAdau hetutvamiti / taduktam "anyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim / nAnyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim // 1 // " iti bauddhAna prti| yaugAn prati tu "anyathAnupapannatvaM yatra kiM tatra pnycbhiH| nAnyathAnupapannatvaM yatra kiM tatra pnycbhiH||1||" iti / 'kevala pAzcarUpya hI hetukA lakSaNa nahIM hai| to kyA? anya. thAnupapattike sAtha sAtha pAzcarUpya honA hetukA lakSaNa hai' yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki jaba anyathAnupapattiko mAna liyA to kevala usIko lakSaNa mAnanA cAhiye; kyoMki pAzcarUpyake rahanepara bhI kevala usIke na rahanese maitratanayatva, hetu nahIM rahatA aura usa (anyathAnupapatti) ke rahanepara pAJcarUpya yA trairUpyake na rahate hue bhI kRttikodaya hetu saccA hetu mAnA jAtA hai / ata eva bauddhoMke liye aisA kahA hai ki "jahAMpara anyathAnupapatti hai vahAM trairUpya kyoM mAnanA cAhiye? aura jahAM anyathAnupapatti nahIM hai vahAM trairUpya mAnanese bhI kyA phala ?" isI prakAra yaugoMke prati bhI kahA hai ki "jahAMpara anyathAnupapatti hai vahAM pAzcarUpyase kyA phala ? aura jahAM anyathAnupapatti nahIM hai vahAM bhI pAzcarUpyase kyA phala ?"

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99 soyamanyathAnupapattinizcayaikalakSaNo hetuH saMkSepato dvividhaH / vidhirUpaH pratiSedharUpazveti / vidhirUpo'pi dvividho vidhisAdhakaH pratiSedhasAdhakazceti / tatrAdyo'nekadhA / tadyathA kazcitkAryarUpo, yathA parvato'yamagnimAndhUmavattvAnyathAnupapatterityatra dhUmaH / dhUmo hyaH kAryabhUtastadabhAve'nupapadyamAnoniM gamayati / kazcit kAraNarUpaH yathA dRSTirbhaviSyati viziSTameghAnyathAnupapatteriti / atra meghavizeSo hi varSasya kAraNaM svakArya - bhUtaM varSa gamayati / anyathAnupapattipUrvaka nizcaya honA hI jisakA mukhya lakSaNa hai usa hetuke saMkSepase do bheda haiN| eka vidhirUpa dUsarA pratiSedharUpa / vidhirUpake bhI do bheda haiM- eka vidhisAdhaka dUsarA pratiSedhasAdhaka / vidhisAdhakake bhI aneka bheda haiM / unameM se koI kAryarUpa hai, jaise parvata agnimAn hai; kyoMki nahIM to dhUma nahIM ho sakatA thA / yahAMpara dhUma agnikA kAryabhUta hai; kyoMki vaha agni na rahate hue nahIM hotA / ata eva vaha agnikA jJApaka hotA hai / koI kAraNarUpa hotA hai, jaise yahAMpara vRSTi hogI; kyoMki jahAM varSA honevAlI na ho vahAM aise avazya varSA honeke sUcaka megha nahIM hote / yahAMpara varSAkA kAraNabhUta meghavizeSa apane kAryarUpa varSAkA jJApaka hotA hai| nanu kArya kAraNAnumApakamastu kAraNAbhAve kAryasyAnuyapatteH / kAraNaM tu kAryAbhAve'pi sambhavati, yathA dhUmAbhAve'pi sambhavan vahniH supratItaH / ata eva na vahnirdhUmaM gamayati iti cet tanna, unmIlitazaktikasya kAraNasya kAryAvyabhicAritvena kArya prati hetutvAvirodhAt / kazcidvizeSarUpo, yathA vRkSoyaM ziMzapAtvAnyathAnupapatteriti / atra ziMzapAhi

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100 vRkSavizeSaH sAmAnyabhUtaM vRkSaM gamayati / nahi vRkSAbhAve vRkSavizeSa ghaTate iti / (zaGkA) - kAryase to kAraNakA anumAna ho sakatA hai; kyoMki kAraNake abhAva meM kArya kabhI aura kahIM bhI nahIM rahatA / parantu kAraNase kAryakA anumAna nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki kAraNa kAryake abhAva meM bhI rahatA hai / jaise agni dhUmake abhAva meM bhI rahatI hai / ata eva vaha dhUmakA anumAna nahIM karA sakatI / arthAt jaise agnise dhUmakA anumAna nahIM hotA usI taraha kisI bhI kAraNa se kAryakA anumAna nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki kAryake abhAva meM bhI kAraNa rahatA hai / (samAdhAna) - yaha zaGka ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki jisa kAraNakI zakti isa prakAra pragaTa hai ki isake pIche avazya kAryakI utpatti hogI vaha kAraNa bhI kAryakA anumApaka hotA hai; kyoMki usakA kAryake sAtha vyabhicAra nahIM hai / koI vizeSarUpa hetu hotA hai jaise ki yaha vRkSa hai; kyoMki anyathA ziMzapA nahIM ho sakatA / yahAMpara vRkSatva vizeSakA jo zizapAtvarUpa hetu vaha vRkSatvasAmAnya kA anumAna karAtA hai; kyoMki sAmAnya vRkSake na rahanepara vRkSavizeSa nahIM raha sakatA / kazcitpUrvacaro, yathA udeSyati zakaTaM kRttikodayAnyathAnupapatterityatra kRttikodayaH / kRttikodayAnantaraM muhUrtAnte niyamena zakaTodayo jAyate iti kRttikodayaH pUrvacaro hetuH zakaTodayaM gamayati / kaciduttaracaro, yathA udagAdbharaNI prAkkRttikodayAnyathAnupapatterityatra kRttikodayaH / kRtikodayo hi bharaNyudayottaracarastaM gamayati / kazcitsahacaro, 1 jaise vRkSako dekhakara chAyAkA anumAna hotA hai / vRkSa chAyAkA kAraNa hokara bhI chAyAkA anumApaka hotA hai / 2 sIsama /

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yathA mAtuliGgaM rUpavadbhavitumarhati rasavatvAnyathAnupapatteri.tyatra rasaH / raso niyamena rUpasahacaritastadabhAve'nupapadyamAnastaM gamayati / koI pUrvacara hotA hai, jaise Age rohiNIkA udaya hogA; kyoMki nahIM to vartamAnameM kRttikAkA udaya nahIM ho sakatA, yahAMpara kRttikAkA udaya / kRttikodayase eka muhUrtake anantara rohiNIkA udaya niyamase hotA hai isaliye pUrvameM bhI rahanevAle kRttikodayarUpa hetuse rohiNIke udayarUpa sAdhyakA zAna hotA hai| koI hetu uttaracara hotA hai, jaise bharaNIkA udaya ho cukA; kyoMki vartamAnameM kRttikAkA udaya hai, yahAMpara kRttikAkA udaya / bharaNIke udayase pIche honevAlA yaha kRttikAkA udaya apanese pUrvameM honevAle bharaNIke udayakA zApaka hai| koI hetu sahacara hotA hai, jaise baiMganameM rUpa avazya hai, kyoMki nahIM to rasa nahIM raha sakatA, yahAMpara rasa / yaha rasa niyamase rUpake sAtha hI rahatA hai, usake abhAvameM nahIM / ata eva vaha (rasa) rUpakA jJApaka hai| __ eteSUdAharaNeSu bhAvarUpAnevAgyAdInsAdhayanto dhRmAdayo hetavo bhAvarUpA eveti vidhisaadhkvidhiruupaaH| eta evAviruddhopalabdhaya ityucyante / evaM vidhirUpasya hetovidhisAdhakAkhya Ayo bheda udaahRtH| ___ ukta sampUrNa udAharaNoMmeM dhUmAdika hetu vayaMbhAvarUpa haiM aura bhAvarUpa hI agni AdikI siddhi karate haiM / ata eva inako vidhisAdhaka vidhirUpa tathA aviruddhopalabdhi bhI kahate haiM / isa prakAra vidhirUpa hetuke vidhisAdhaka nAmA prathama bhedakA nirUpaNa udAharaNasahita ho cukA /

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102 - dvitIyastu niSedhasAdhakAkhyaH / viruddhopalabdhiriti tasyaiva nAmAntaram / sa yathA, nAsya mithyAtvamAstikyAnyathAnupapa-. terityatrAstikyam / AstikyaM hi sarvajJavItarAgapraNItajIvAditattvArtharucilakSaNam / tanmithyAtvavato na sambhavatIti mithyAtvAbhAvaM sAdhayati / yathA vA, nAsti vastuni sarvathaikAntaH, anekAntAtmakatvAnyathAnupapatterityatrAnekAntAtmakatvam / anekAntAtmakatvaM hi vastunyabAdhitapratItivipa. yatvena pratibhAsamAnaM saugatAdiparikalpitasarvathaikAntAbhAvaM sAdhayatyeva / __ dUsare bhedakA nAma niSedhasAdhaka hai, jisako ki viruddhopalabdhi nAmase bhI kahate haiM / jaise isa prANIke mithyAtva nahIM hai| kyoMki yadi mithyAtva hotA to Astikya nahIM ho sakatA thaa| yahAMpara Astikya hetu niSedhasAdhaka hai / sarvajJa vItarAgadevake dvArA praNIta jIvAdika tatvoMmeM rucike honeko Astikya kahate haiM / yaha Astikya mithyAdRSTimeM nahIM raha sakatA, isaliye mithyAtvake abhAvako siddha karatA hai| - athavA vastu sarvathA ekAntasvarUpa nahIM hai kyoMki yadi sarvathA ekAntasvarUpa hI ho to anekAntAtmakatA nahIM vana sktii| yahAMpara anekAntAtmakatA hetu niSedhasAdhaka hai| nirvAdha samyagjJAnakA viSaya honese vastumeM suprasiddha hotA huA yaha anekAntAtmakatvahetu, bauddhAdikoMke dvArA kalpita kiye gaye sarvathA ekAntake abhAvako siddha karatA hai| nanu kimidamanekAntAtmakatvaM ? yadalAdvastuni sarvathaikAntAbhAvaH sAdhyate iti ceducyate / sarvasinnapi jIvAdivastuni bhAvAbhAvarUpatvamekAnekarUpatvaM nityAnityarUpatvamityevamAdi

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kamanekAntAtmakatvam / evaM vidhirUpo heturdarzitaH / pratiSedharUpopi heturdvividho, vidhisAdhakaH pratiSedhasAdhakazceti / tatrAdyo yathA, astyatra prANini samyaktvaM viparItAbhinivezAbhAvAt / atra viparItAbhinivezAbhAvaH pratiSedharUpaH samyaktvasadbhAvaM sAdhayati iti pratiSedharUpo vidhisAdhako hetuH / (zaGkA) vaha vastukI anekAntAtmakatA kyA hai ki jisake balase sarvathaikAntake abhAvakI siddhi karate ho? (samAdhAna) -sampUrNa jIvAdika padArthoMmeM bhAvarUpatA abhAvarUpatA, ekarUpatA anekarUpatA, nityarUpatA anityarUpatA ityAdi aneka dhauke rahaneko anekAntAtmakatA kahate haiM / isa prakAra vidhirUpa hetukA varNana kiyaa| pratiSedharUpa hetu bhI do prakArakA hai; eka vidhisAdhaka dUsarA pratiSedhasAdhaka / usamese pahalA-jaise, isa prANIke samyaktva hai; kyoMki isako viparIta durAgraha nahIM hai| yahAMpara viparIta durAgrahakA na honA pratiSedharUpa hetu hai aura vaha samyaktvake sadbhAvako siddha karatA hai isaliye isa hetuko pratiSedharUpa vidhisAdhaka kahate haiN| dvitIyo yathA, nAstyatra dhUmaH agyanupalabdheriti / atra hyamyabhAvaH pratiSedharUpo dhRmAbhAvaM pratiSedharUpameva sAdhayatIti pratiSedharUpapratiSedhasAdhako hetuH / tadevaM vidhipratiSedharUpatayA dvividhasya hetoH katicidavAntarabhedA udaahRtaaH| vistaratastu parIkSAmukhataH pratipattavyAH / itthamuktalakSaNA hetavaH sAdhyaM gamayanti, nAnye, hetvAbhAsatvAt / dUsarA pratiSedhasAdhaka hai, jaise yahAMpara dhUma nahIM hai kyoMki agni nahIM dIkhatI hai| yahAMpara anyabhAva hetu abhAvarUpa hai aura

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104 vaha abhAvarUpa hI dhUmAbhAva sAdhyako siddha karatA hai, isaliye isako pratiSedharUpa pratiSedhasAdhaka hetu kahate haiM / isa prakAra vidhirUpa tathA pratiSedharUpake bhedase do bhedarUpa hetuke thor3ese avAntara bhedoMkA udAharaNapUrvaka nirUpaNa kiyaa| yadi adhika jAnanekI icchA ho to parIkSAmukhase samajhanA / isa prakAra jinakA lakSaNa pahale kaha cuke haiM, ve hI hetu sAdhyakI siddhi karasakate haiM, aura nahIM; kyoMki unase viparIta bAkI ke sabhI hetvAbhAsa haiM / ke te hetvAbhAsA iti ceducyante / hetulakSaNarahitA hetuvadavabhAsamAnA hetvAbhAsAH / te caturvidhAH asiddhaviruddhAnaikAntikAkiJcitkarabhedAt / tatrAnizcayapathaprApto'siddhaH / anizcayapathaprAptizca hetoH svarUpAbhAvanizcayAttatsvarUpasandehAcca / svarUpAbhAvanizcaye kharUpAsiddhaH / svarUpa sandehe sandigdhAsiddhaH / Adyo yathA, pariNAmI zabdazcAkSuSatvAditi / zabdasya hi zrAvaNatvAccAkSuSatvAbhAvo nizcita iti svarUpAsicAkSuSatvahetuH / dvitIyo yathA, dhUmavASpAdivivekAnizcaye kazcidAha agnimAnayaM pradezo dhUmavattvAditi / atra hi dhUmavattvaM hetuH sandigdhAsiddhastatsvarUpe sandehAt / ve hetvAbhAsa konase haiM ? isakA uttara Age batAte haiM / jinameM hetukA lakSaNa to ghaTita na ho kintu jo hetu ke samAna mAlUma par3e unako hetvAbhAsa kahate haiN| unake cAra bheda haiM-asiddha, viruddha, anaikAntika, akizcitkara / jo nizcayake mArgapara ArUDha na ho arthAt jisakA nizcaya na ho usako asiddha kahate haiM / hetukA anizcaya do kAraNoMse hotA hai, usake svarUpake abhAvakA nizcaya honese athavA usa ( hetu ) ke svarUpa meM sandeha honese / jisa hetuke svarUpake abhAvakA nizcaya ho usako svarUpAsiddha

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105 kahate haiM, aura jisake svarUpameM sandeha ho usako sandigdhAsiddha kahate haiM / jaise zabda pariNAmI hai kyoMki vaha cakSurindriyakA viSaya hai| yahAMpara zabdako zrotrendriyakA viSaya honese usameM cAkSuSatvake abhAvakA nizcaya hai / ata eva yaha cAkSuSatva hetu asiddha hetvAbhAsakA pahalA bheda svarUpAsiddha hai / dUsarA bheda sandigdhAsiddha hai, jaise dhUma aura vASpake bhedakA nizcaya na honepara koI kahatA hai ki yahAMpara agni hai; kyoMki yahAMpara dhUma hai| isa anumAnameM dhUma hetu sandigdhAsiddha hai; kyoMki usake kharUpameM yaha sandeha hai ki yaha dhUma hai athavA vASpa / / sAdhyaviparItavyApto viruddhaH / yathA'pariNAmI zabdaH kRtktvaat| kRtakatvaM hyapariNAmitvavirodhinA pariNAmitvena vyAsam / pakSasapakSavipakSavRttiranaikAntikaH / sa dvividho, nizcitavipakSavRttikaH zaGkitavipakSavRttikazceti / tatrAdyo yathA, dhUmavAnayaM pradezo'gnimattvAditi / atrAgnimattvaM hetuH pakSIkRte sandihyamAnadhUme purovartini pradeze vartate, sapakSe dhUmavati mahAnase ca vartate / vipakSe dhRmarahitatvena nizcite'GgArAvasthApanAgnimati pradeze vartate / iti nishcyaanishcitvipkssvRttikH| jisa hatukI sAdhyase viparItake sAtha vyApti ho usako viruddha kahate haiN| jaise zabda apariNAmI hai; kyoMki vaha kRtrima hai| yahAMpara kRtrimatva hetukI sAdhyabhUta apariNAmitvake sAtha vyApti nahIM hai kintu usake virodhI pariNAmitvake sAtha usakI vyApti hai| isaliye yaha hetu viruddha hetvAbhAsa hai| jo hetu pakSa sapakSa vipakSa tInoMmeM rahai use anaikAMtika hetvAbhAsa kahate haiN| usake do bheda haiM-eka nizcitavipakSavRtti arthAt vipakSameM jisakA rahanA nizcita ho, dUsarA zaGkitavipha

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106 kSavRtti arthAt jisakA vipakSameM rahanA sandigdha ho / jaise yahAMpara dhUma hai; kyoMki yahAMpara agni hai / isa anumAnameM agnirUpa hetu pahalA anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa hai; kyoMki vaha pakSabhUta sAmaneke pradezameM bhI rahatA hai jahAMpara yaha sandeha hai ki yahAM dhUma hai yA nhiiN| evaM sapakSabhUta dhUmasahita mahAnasameM bhI rahatA hai / isIprakAra aGgAra avasthAko prApta agnise yukta vipakSabhUta sthAnameM bhI rahatA hai, jahAMpara yaha nizcaya hai ki yahAM dhUma nahIM rahatA / isa liye (vipakSameM rahanekA nizcaya honese) yaha hetu nizcitavipakSavRttinAmaka anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa hai| dvitIyo yathA, garbhastho maitratanayaH zyAmo bhavitumarhati maitrtnytvaaditrtnyvditi| atra hi maitratanayatvaM hetuH pakSIkRte garbhasthe vartate, sapakSe itaratatputre vartate, vipakSe azyAme vartate / nApIti zaGkAyA anivRtteH zaGkitavipakSavRttikaH / aparamapi zaGkitavipakSavRttikasyodAharaNam / arhan sarvajJo na bhavati vaktRtvAdrathyApuruSavaditi / vaktRtvasya hi hetoH pakSIkRte'rhati, sapakSe rathyApuruSe yathA vRttirasti tathA vipakSe sarvajJepi vRttiH sambhAvyate, vaktRtvajJAtRtvayoravirodhAt / yaddhi yena saha virodhi tatkhalu tadvati na vartate / naca vcnjnyaanyoloke virodho'sti, pratyuta jJAnavata eva vacanasauSThavaM spaSTaM dRSTam / tato jJAnotkarSavati sarvajJe vacanotkarSe kAnupapattiriti / dUsare zaGkitavipakSavRtti anaikAntikakA udAharaNa dete haiM / jaise, maitrakA garbhasthita putra dUsare maitra putroMkI taraha zyAma hai; kyoMki vaha maitrakA putra hai| yahAMpara maitrakA putrapanA hetu, pakSIbhUta

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107 garbhastha putrameM tathA sapakSa dUsare putroMmeM rahatA hai / parantu jo zyAma nahIM haiM una putroM meM bhI yaha hetu rahatA hai yA nahIM isa zaGkAkA nivAraNa nahIM hotA / arthAt jisa prakAra yaha nizcaya hai ki yaha hetu pakSa aura sapakSameM rahatA hai, usa prakAra yaha nizcaya nahIM hai ki yaha hetu vipakSameM nahIM hI rahatA hai / isaliye yaha hetu zaGkitavipakSavRtti hai / isa dUsare bhedakA dUsarA udAharaNa yaha bhI hai ki arhanta sarvajJa nahIM haiM; kyoMki ve vaktA haiM / jo vaktA hotA hai vaha sarvajJa nahIM hotA / jaise, mArgame calanevAlA sAdhAraNa manuSya / yahAMpara vaktRtva hetu arhantarUpa pakSameM tathA mArgameM calanevAle sapakSarUpa puruSameM rahatA hai / usI prakAra sarvajJarUpa vipakSameM bhI usake rahanekI sambhAvanA hai, kyoMki vaktRtva aura jJAtRtvameM koI virodha nahIM hai| jisakA jisake sAtha virodha hotA hai vaha vahAMpara nahIM rahatA / vacana aura jJAnameM koI bhI virodha lokameM dIkhatA nahIM hai, pratyuta jo adhika jJAnavAn hai usake vacana spaSTa sundara dekhanemeM Ate haiM / isaliye ananta jJAnake dhAraka sarvajJameM yadi vacanakA bhI utkarSa rahai to koI bhI bAdhA nahIM hai / isaliye yaha vaktRtva hetu zaGkitavipakSavRtti hai| - aprayojako heturkishcitkrH| sa dvividhaH, siddhasAdhano bAdhitaviSayazca / tatrAdyo yathA, zabdaH zrAvaNo bhavitumarhati zabdatvAditi / atra zrAvaNatvasya sAdhyasya zabdaniSThatvena siddhatvAddheturakizcitkaraH / bAdhitaviSayastvanekadhA / kazcipratyakSabAdhitaviSayaH / yathA, anuSNo'gnidravyatvAdityatra dravyatvahetuH / tasya viSayatvenAbhimatamanuSNatvamuSNatvagrAhakeNa spArzanapratyakSeNa bAdhitam / tataH kizcidapi kartumazakyatvAdakizcitkaro. dravyatvahetuH / kazcitpunaranumAnabA.

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dhitvissyH| yathA, apariNAmI zabdo'kRtakatvAditi / atra pariNAmI zabdaH prameyatvAdityanumAnena bAdhitaviSayatvam / jisa hetuse koI prayojana siddha na ho usako akiJcitkara kahate haiN| usake do bheda haiM, eka siddhasAdhana dUsarA baadhitvissy| jisakA sAdhya dUsare pramANase siddha ho gayA ho, usako siddhasAdhana kahate haiM / jaise, zabda zrotrendriyakA viSaya hai; kyoMki vaha zabda hai / yahAMpara zrotrendriyakA viSaya honerUpa jo sAdhya usakA zabdameM rahanA svayaMsiddha hai| isIliye usake siddha karaneke liye bolAhuA zabdatva hetu akiJcitkara hai / jisakA viSaya kisI pramANase bAdhita ho usako bAdhitaviSaya kahate haiM / usake aneka bheda haiN| koI pratyakSabAdhitaviSaya hotA hai / jaise, agni uSNa nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha dravya hai / yahAMpara dravyatvahetukA viSaya uSNatAkA na honA, uSNatAko viSaya karanevAle sparzana pratyakSase bAdhita hotA hai / isa liye yaha dravyatvahetu pratyakSabAdhitaviSaya hai aura kucha bhI nahIM kara sakatA, isaliye akizcitkara hai| koI anumAnase bAdhitaviSaya hotA hai / jaise zabda apariNAmI hai; kyoMki vaha akRtrima hai / yahAMpara akRtrimatva hetukA viSaya isa anumAnase bAdhita hotA hai, ki zabda pariNAmI haikyoMki vaha prameya hai / isaliye yaha kRtrimatvahetu anumAnase bAdhitaviSaya hai, aura kucha bhI na kara sakaneke kAraNa akiJcitkara hai| * kazcidAgamabAdhitaviSayaH / yathA, pretyAsukhaprado dharmaH puruSAzritatvAdadharmavaditi / atra dharmaH sukhaprada ityAgamaH / tena bAdhitaviSayatvaM hetoH / kazcitsvavacanabAdhitaviSayaH / yathA, me mAtA vandhyA puruSasaMyoge'pyagarbhatvAta prasiddhavandhyA

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vat / evamAdayo'pyakizcitkaravizeSAH svayamUhyAH / tadevaM hetuprasaGgAhetvAbhAsA avabhAsitAH / nanu vyutpanna prati yadyapi pratijJAhetubhyAmeva paryAptam / tathApi bAlabodhArthamudAharaNAdikamabhyupagatamAcAryaiH / udAharaNaM ca samyagdRSTAntavacanam / koyaM dRSTAnto nAmeti ceducyte| koI AgamabAdhitaviSaya hotA hai jisakA ki viSaya Agamase bAdhita hotA ho / jaise, dharma duHkhakA denevAlA hai; kyoMki vaha puruSAzrita hai, jo jo puruSAzrita hotA hai vahaduHkhakA kAraNa hotA hai jaise adharma / yahAMpara puruSAzritatva hetukA viSaya, 'dharma sukhakA denevAlA hai' isa Agamase bAdhita hotA hai / koI khavacanabAdhitaviSaya hotA hai, jaise merI mAtA vandhyA hai, kyoMki puruSakA saMyoga honepara bhI prasiddha vandhyA. oMkI taraha usako garbha nahIM rhtaa| isI prakAra akizcitkara hetvAbhAsake aura bhI aneka bheda haiM, unakA svayaM vicAra kara lenA / isa prakAra hetuoMke prasaMgavaza hetvAbhAsoMkA nirUpaNa bhI kiyaa| (prazna)-yadyapi vyutpannakA pratijJA aura hetu ina do. se hI kAma cala sakatA hai tathApi bAlabodhake liye AcAryoMne udAharaNAdikoMko bhI mAnA hai| unameMse udAharaNa to samIcIna dRSTAntake kahaneko kahate haiM / isaliye yaha batalAiye ki dRSTAnta kisako kahate haiM ? (uttara):___ vyAptisampratipattipradezo dRSTAntaH / vyAptirhi sAdhye vahnayAdau satyeva sAdhanaM dhRmAdirasti, asati tu nAstIti sAdhyasAdhananiyatatA sAhacaryalakSaNA / enAmeva sAdhyaM vinA sAdhanasyAbhAvAdavinAbhAvamiti ca vyapadizanti / tasyAH sampratipattirnAma vAdiprativAdinorbuddhisAmyam / saiSA yatra sambhavati sa sampratipattipradezo mahAnasAdirhadAdizca, tatraiva

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110 dhUmAdau sati niyamenAmyAdirastyamyAdyabhAve niyamena dhUmAdirnAstIti sampratipattisambhavAt / jahAMpara vyAptikI sampratipatti ho usako dRSTAnta kahate haiN| arthAt jahAM para vAdI aura prativAdI donoM hI nirvivAda hokara vyAptiko svIkAra kareM usako dRSTAnta kahate haiM / agni Adi sAdhyake rahanepara hI dhUmAdika sAdhana rahate haiM aura usake na rahanepara nahIM rahate, isa prakAra sAdhya aura sAdhanake niyata sAhacaryako vyApti kahate haiM / sAthyake vinA sAdhana nahIM rahatA isa. liye isako avinAbhAva bhI kahate haiM / aise viSayameM vAdI aura prativAdI ina donoMkI buddhikI samAnatA ho jAneko sampratipatti kahate haiM / yaha sampratipatti jahAMpara ho usako sampratipatti. pradeza athavA dRSTAnta kahate haiN| jaise mahAnasa athavA mahAhrada / kyoMki yahIMpara vAdI tathA prativAdIko yaha nizcaya hosakatA hai ki dhUmAdike honepara niyamase agniAdi hote haiM aura agni Adike na rahanepara dhUmAdika kabhI nahIM rhte| tatra mahAnasAdiranvayadRSTAntaH, atra sAdhyasAdhanayobhIvarUpAnvayasampratipattisambhavAt / hRdAdistu vyatirekadRSTAntaH, atra sAdhyasAdhanayorabhAvarUpavyatirekasampratipattisambhavAt / dRSTAntau caitau, dRSTAvantau dharmoM sAdhyasAdhanarUpau yatra sa dRSTAnta ityAnuvRtteH / uktalakSaNasyAssa dRSTAntasya yatsamyagvacanaM tadudAharaNam / na ca vacanamAtramayaM dRSTAnta iti kintu dRSTAntatvena vacanam / tadyathA, yo yo dhUmavAnasAvasAvanimAn, yathA mahAnasa iti / yatrAgnirnAsti tama dhUmo'pi nAsti, yathA mahAhrada iti ca / evaMvidhenaiva vacanena dRSTAntasya dRSTAntatvena pratipAdanasambhavAt /

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ina donomeMse mahAnasAdikako anvayadRSTAnta kahate haiM; kyoMki yahAMpara sAdhya aura sAdhanameM bhAvarUpa ekake rahanese dUsareke rahanerUpa anugamakI sampratipatti dikhAI gaI hai / hradAdika vyatirekI dRSTAnta haiM, kyoMki yahAMpara sAdhya aura sAdhanameM abhAvarUpa vyatirekakI sampratipatti dikhAI gaI hai / ye dRSTAnta yoM haiM ki anta arthAt sAdhyasAdhanarUpa dharma niSedharUpase yA vidhirUpase dIkhate hoM usako dRSTAnta kahate haiM / aisA dRSTAnta zabdakA artha yahAMpara saMghaTita hotA hai / isa uktalakSaNa dRSTAntake samIcIna vacanako udAharaNa kahate haiM / kevala vacanako hI dRSTAnta nahIM kahate kintu usakA jo dRSTAntapanese prayoga kiyA jAtA hai, usako dRSTAnta kahate haiN| jaise jo jo dhUmavAn hai vaha agnimAn hai, jaise mahAnasa / jahAMpara agni nahIM hotI, vahAMpara dhUma bhI nahIM hotaa|jaise,mhaahrdmeN| kyoMki isI prakArake vacanoMke dvArA dRSTAntakA dRSTAntapanese pratipAdana ho sakatA hai / udAharaNalakSaNarahita udAharaNavadavabhAsamAna udAharaNAbhAsaH / udAharaNalakSaNarAhityaM ca dvedhA sambhavati, dRSTAntasthAsamyagvacanenAdRSTAntasya samyagvacanena vA / tatrAdyaM yathA, yo yo vahnimAn sa sa dhUmavAn, yathA mahAnasa iti, yatra yatra dhRmo nAsti tatra tatra agnirnAsti, yathA mahAhRda iti ca vyApyavyApakayovaiparItyena kathanam / jo udAharaNake lakSaNase to rahita ho kintu udAharaNake samAna mAlUma paDai usako udAharaNAbhAsa kahate haiM / udAharaNake lakSaNakA na rahanA do tarahase sambhava hai / eka to sacce dRSTAntake ulaTe kathanase aura dUsare khoTe dRSTAntake samIcIna kathanase / usamese prathama bheda-jo jo vahnimAn hotA hai vaha vaha dhUmavAn bhI hotA hai, jaise mahAnasa / jahAM jahAM dhUma nahIM hotA

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112 vahAM vahAM agni bhI nahIM hotI, jaise ki mahAhadameM / isa prakArase yahAM vyApya aura vyApakakA viparItarUpase kathana kiyA gayA hai| __ manu kimidaM vyApyaM vyApakaM nAmeti ceducyate / sAhacaryaniyamarUpAM vyAptikriyAMprati yatkarma tadvyANyam / vipUrvAdApeH karmaNi NyadvidhAnAdvyApyamiti siddhatvAt / tattuvyApyaM dhU. maadi| enAmeva vyAptikriyAM prati yatkartu tadvyApakam / vyApeH kartari vuli sati pyApakamiti siddheH / evaM sati dhUmamagnivyAnoti, yatra dhUmo vartate tatra niyamenAgnirvartate iti yAvatsarvatra dhRmavati niyamenAgnidarzanAt / dhRmastu na tathAni vyApnoti, tasyAGgArAvasthasya dhUmaM vinApi vartamAnatvAt / yatrAnirvartate tatra dhRmopi niyamena vartate ityasambhavAt / - (prazna)-vyApya kisako kahate haiM aura vyApaka kisako kahate haiM ? (uttara)-sAtha rahaneke niyamarUpa vyAptikriyAkA jo karma ho vaha vyApya hotA hai, kyoMki yaha vyApya zabda vipUrvaka Ae dhAtuse karmameM Nyat pratyayake karanese siddha huA hai / aisA vyAya dhUmAdika hI ho sakatA hai / isI vyApta honerUpa kriyAmeM jo byAtikriyAkA kartA ho usako vyApaka kahate haiM, kyoMki yaha vyApaka zabda vipUrvaka Ap dhAtuse kAma Nvul pratyayake karanese siddha hotA hai / isase agni dhUmako vyApta karake rahatI hai / jahAM jahAM dhUma hogA vahAM vahAM niyamase agni hotI hai / ata eva sabhI dhUmayukta sthAnoMmeM niyamase agni dekhanemeM AtI hai / agniko dhUma isa prakAra vyApta nahIM karatA, kyoMki aGgAra avasthAkI agni dhUmake vinA hI dekhanemeM AtI hai / isa liye yaha asambhava hai ki jahAMpara agni ho vahAM niyamase dhUma ho| __ nanvAIndhanamagniM vyApnotyeva dhUma iti ced omiti mahe / yatra yatrAvicchinnamUlo dhUmastatra tatrAgiriti yathA

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tathaiva yatra yatrATTaindhano'gnistatra tatra dhUma ityapi sambhavAt / vahnimAtrasya tu dhUmavizeSa prati vyApakatvameva, anumAtustAvanmAtrApekSatvAt / tato yo yo dhUmavAnasAvasAvagnimAn, yathA mahAnasa ityevaM samyagdRSTAntavacanaM vaktavyam / viparItavacanaM tu dRSTAntAbhAsa evetyayamasamyagvacanarUpo'nvayadRSTAntA. bhAsaH / vyatirekavyAptau tu vyApakasyAgnerabhAvo vyApyaH, vyApyasya dhRmasyAbhAvo vyaapkH| tathA sati yatra yatrAmyabhAvastatra tatra dhUmAbhAvo, yathA ida ityevaM vaktavyam / viparItakathanaM tvasamyagvacanatvAdudAharaNAbhAsa eva / anvayavyAptau vyatirekadRSTAntavacanaM, vyatirekavyAptAvanvayadRSTAntavacanaM codAharaNAbhAsau / spaSTamudAharaNam / yadi yahAMpara koI yaha kahai ki "jisa agnimeM gIlA iMdhana rahatA hai usa agniko to dhUma avazya hI vyApta karatA hai" to hama isako svIkAra karate haiN| kyoMki jisa taraha yaha kaha sakate haiM ki "jahAM jahAM avicchinnamUla arthAt jisakA mUla TUTA nahIM ho aisA dhUma rahatA ho vahAM vahAM niyamase agni rahatI hai usI prakAra yaha bhI kaha sakate haiM ki "jahAM jahAM gIle Idhanase yukta agni hai vahAM vahAM niyamase dhUma rahatA hai| parantu sAmAnyadRSTise yadi agni dekhA jAya to dhUmake prati vyApaka hI hai, kyoMki anumAna karanevAleko kevala sAmAnya agni tathA dhUma hI apekSita hai / isaliye jo jo dhUmavAn hotA hai vaha vaha agnimAn hotA hai, jaise, mahAnasa / isa prakArake samyagdRSTAntako kahanA cAhiye / isase jo viparIta vacana ho vaha dRSTAntAbhAsa hai / isa liye isa prakArake asatyavacanako anvayadRSTAntAbhAsa kahate haiN| vyatirekavyAptimeM vyApakarUpa agnike abhAvako vyApya kahate haiM aura vyApya dhUmAdikake abhAvako vyApaka kahate haiM / isaliye nyA0 dI08

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114 yahAMpara jahAM jahAM agni nahIM hai vahAM vahAM dhUma bhI nahIM hai, jaise tAlAvameM, isa prakAra kahanA cAhiye / isase viparIta kathana asamyagvacana honese udAharaNAbhAsa hojAtA hai / anvayavyAptime vyatirekadRSTAntakA kahanA aura vyatirekavyAptimeM anvayadRSTAntakA kahanA udAharaNAbhAsa hai / isa prakAra udAharaNakA nirUpaNa kiyaa| nanu garbhasthaH zyAmo maitratanayatvAtsAmpratamaitratanayavadityAdyanumAnaprayoge paJcasu maitratanayeSvanvayadRSTAnteSu yatra yatra maitratanayatvaM tatra tatra zyAmatvamityanvayavyApteH, vyatirekadRSTAnteSu gaureSvamaitratanayeSu sarvatra yatra yatra zyAmatvaM nAsti tatra tatra maitratanayatvaM nAstIti vyatirekavyAptezva sambhavAnizcitasAdhane garbhasthamaitratanaye pakSe sAdhyabhUtazyAmatvasandehasya guNatvAtsamyaganumAna prasajyeteti cenna / (zaGkA) maitrakA garbhastha putra zyAma hai; kyoMki vaha bhI maitrake vartamAna putroMkI taraha maitrakA hI putra hai / ityAdi anumAnake prayogameM anvayadRSTAntarUpa pAMco maitraputroMmeM jahAM jahAM maitraputratva hai vahAM vahAM zyAmatva hai isa prakAra anvayavyAptikA nizcaya hai| vyatirekadRSTAntabhUta gaura putroMmeM jo ki maitrake putra nahIM hai, una sabhImeM jahAM jahAM zyAmatva nahIM hai vahAM maitraputratva bhI nahIM hai isa prakAra vyatirekavyAptikA bhI sambhava hai / isaliye garbhastha maitraputrarUpa pakSameM sAdhanakA nizcaya hai parantu sAdhyabhUta zyAmatvakA sandeha hai, isa liye yaha satya prasaMga honeke kAraNa samIcIna anumAna hojAyagA / (samAdhAna) yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMkiH- dRSTAntasya vicArAntarabAdhitakhAt / tathA hi, sAdhyatvenAbhimatamidaM hi zyAmarUpaM kArya sat svasiddhaye kAraNamavekSate /

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tacca kAraNaM na tAvanmaitratanayatvaM vinApi tadidaM puruSAntare zyAmatvadarzanAt / na hi kulAlacakrAdikamantareNApi sambhavinaH paTasya kulAlAdikaM kAraNam / evaM maitratanayatvasya zyAmatvaM pratyakAraNatve nizcite yatra yatra maitratanayatvaM na tatra tatra zyAmatvaM kintu yatra yatra zyAmatvasya kAraNaM viziSTanAmakamAnugRhItazAkAdyAhArapariNAmastatra tatra tasya kArya zyAmatvamiti sAmagrIrUpasya viziSTanAmakarmAnugRhItazAkAdyAhArapariNAmasya zyAmatvaM prati vyApyatvam / sa tu pakSe na nizcIyate iti sandigdhAsiddhaH / maitratanayatvaM tvakAraNatvAdeva zyAmatvaM kArya na gamayediti / * yaha dRSTAnta Ageke vicArase isa prakAra bAdhita hojAtA hai ki zyAmarUpa kArya jo ki sAdhya mAnA gayA hai, apanI siddhimeM kAraNakI apekSA karatA hai| usakA kAraNa maitratanayatva nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki maitratanayatvake vinA bhI dUsare puruSoMmeM arthAt jo maitrake putra nahIM haiM, zyAmatA dekhanemeM AtI hai| jisa prakAra kuMbhAra, cAka Adike vinA hI utpanna honevAle vastrakA kAraNa kuMbhAra Adi nahIM hote, usI prakAra zyAmatAkA kAraNa maitratanayatva nahIM ho sakatA yaha nizcaya hai| isaliye yaha niyama nahIM hai ki jahAM jahAM maitratanayatva ho vahAM vahAM niyamase zyAmatA ho| kintu jahAM jahAMpara eka prakArake nAmakarmake udayase, prApta zAkAdikakA AhAra.. rUpa pariNAma zyAmatAkA kAraNa hogA arthAt zyAmatAkA abhyatarakAraNa zyAmavarNa nAmaka nAmakarmakA udaya aura bAhya kAraNa zAkAdikA AhAra ho sakatA hai, vaha jahAM hogA vahAM vahAM niyamase usakA kArya zyAmatva avazya hogA / isaliye sAmagrIrUpa nAmakarmavizeSase phalita zAkAdikA AhArarUpa pariNAma hI zyAmatvake prati vyApya hai, parantu usakA pakSameM nizcaya

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nahIM hai, isaliye yaha (zAkAdyAhArapariNAmarUpa) hetu sandigdhAsiddha hai / aura maitratanayatva to zyAmatAkA kAraNa hI nahIM hai, ata eva vaha apane kAryabhUta zyAmatAkA anumAna bhI nahIM karA sakatA hai| __ kecinirupAdhikasambandho vyAptirityabhidhAya sAdhanAvyApakatve sati sAdhyasamavAptirupAdhirityabhidhatte / soymnyonyaashryH| prapazcitametadupAdhinirAkaraNe kAruNyakalikAyAmiti viramyate / sAdhanavattayA pakSasya dRssttaantsaamykthnmupnyH| tathA cAyaM dhRmavAniti / sAdhanAnuvAdapurassaraM sAdhyaniyamavacanaM nigamanam / tasmAdagnimAneveti / anayorvyatyayena kathanamanayorAbhAsaH / ityavasitamanumAnam / koI "upAdhirahita sambandhakA nAma vyApti hai," isa prakAra vyAptikA lakSaNa karake, upAdhikA lakSaNa isa prakAra karate haiM ki "sAdhanake sAtha vyApaka na hokara jo sAdhyake sAtha vyApaka ho vaha upAdhi hai" / arthAt jo sAdhanake sAtha to niyamase na rahai kintu sAdhyake sAtha avazya rahai usako upAdhi kahate haiM / jaise yaha parvata dhUmavAn hai; kyoMki yahAMpara agni hai / yahAM gIlA IMdhana upAdhi hai; kyoMki gIlA Idhana sAdhanarUpa agnike sAtha niyamase nahIM rahatA kintu sAdhyabhUta dhUmake sAtha niyamase rahatA hai| unakA yaha saba lakSaNa karanA ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki isameM anyonyAzraya doSa AtA hai / arthAt vinA vyAptikA svarUpa samajhe upAdhikA svarUpa samajhameM nahIM AsakatA aura vinA upAdhikA svarUpa samajhe vyAptikA svarUpa samajhameM nahIM AsakatA / upAdhikA nirAkaraNa karate samaya pramANakalikAmeM isa viSayapara vistArapUrvaka vicAra kiyA hai, isaliye hama yahAMpara isakA vizeSa varNana nahIM karanA caahte|

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hetuke rahanekI apekSAse pakSa aura dRSTAntameM sadRzatAke dikhAneko upanaya kahate haiM / jaise, yaha bhI usItaraha dhUmavAn hai| hetuko dikhAte hue sAdhyakA sadbhAva dikhAneko arthAt pratijJAke kahaneko nigamana kahate haiN| jaise "isaliye yaha agnimAn hI hai|" ina donoMke (upanaya, nigamana,) viparIta kathanako AbhAsa arthAt upanayAbhAsa aura nigamanAbhAsa kahate haiM / isa prakAra anumAnakA nirUpaNa kiyaa| athAgamo lakSyate / aaptvaakynibndhnmrthjnyaanmaagmH| atrAgama iti lakSyam / avaziSTaM lakSaNam / arthajJAnamityetAvaducyamAne pratyakSAdAvativyAptiH, ata uktaM vAkyanibandhanamiti / vAkyanibandhanamarthajJAnamAgama ityucyamAne'pi yAhacchikasaMvAdiSu vipralambhavAkyajanyeSu suptonmattAdivAkyajanyeSu vA nadItIraphalasaMsargAdijJAneSvativyAptiH / ata uktamAteti / AptavAkyanibandhanajJAnamityucyamAne'pi, AptavAkyakarmake zrAvaNapratyakSe'tivyAptiH, ata uktamartheti / arthastAtparyarUpa iti yAvata / tAtparyameva vacasItyabhiyuktavacanAt / tata AptavAkyanibandhanamarthajJAnamityuktamAgamalakSaNaM nirdoSameva / Age AgamakA lakSaNa kahate haiM / Aptake vAkyase utpanna honevAle arthajJAnako Agama kahate haiM / yahAMpara Agama lakSya hai, aura 'Aptake vAkyase honevAlA arthajJAna' itanA lakSaNa hai / yadi kevala "arthajJAnatva" ko hI AgamakA lakSaNa mAnA jAya to pratyakSAdikameM ativyApti AtI hai, kyoMki vaha arthakA jJAna to hai parantu Agama nahIM hai| kyoMki Agamako parokSake bhedoMmeM ginA hai / isaliye 'vAkyarUpa nimittase' itanA vizeSa kahA / 'vAkyanimittase honevAle arthajJAnako

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118 Agama kahate haiN| aisA lakSaNa karane para bhI icchAnusAra bole hue pUrvAvara asambaddha vAkyake dvArA tathA ThagaIke vAkyoMse hone vAle jJAnameM evaM sote hue tathA pAgala manuSyake vacanoMse utpanna honevAle jJAnameM athavA "nadIke tIrapara phala haiM vAlako daur3o" ityAdi vAkyase utpanna honevAle jJAnameM ativyApti AtI hai; kyoMki yaha jJAna vAkyake dvArA huA hai aura arthako viSaya bhI karatA hai kintu AgamarUpa nahIM hai| isaliye ukta lakSaNameM 'Apta' itanA adhika zabda kahA hai| 'Aptake vAkyadvArA honevAle jJAnamAtrako Agama kahate haiM / aisA lakSaNa karane para bhI Atake vAkyoMkA jo kevala zrAvaNa pratyakSa hotA hai ki yaha amuka zabda hai, usameM ativyApti AtI hai; kyoMki usameM ukta AgamakA lakSaNa to ghaTita hogayA kintu vaha yathArthameM Agama nahIM hai| isaliye lakSaNameM 'artha' itanA aura kahA hai / yahAMpara artha zabda bolanese isakA artha tAtparya samajhanA cAhiye / kyoMki AcAyauMne aisA kahA hai ki "vacanameM tAtparya hI grAhya hotA hai"| isaliye "AptavAkyarUpa kAraNase honevAle tAtparya jJAnako Agama kahate haiM" yaha AgamakA lakSaNa nirdoSa hai| yathA"samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArga:"ityAdivAkyArthajJAnam / samyagdarzanAdInyanekAni mokSasya sakalakarmakSayasa mArga upAyo, na tu maargaaH| tato bhinnalakSaNAnAM darzanAdInAM trayANAM samuditAnAmeva mArgatvaM, na tu pratyekamityayamarthaH / mArga ityekavacanaprayogastAtparyasiddhaH, ayameva vaakyaarthH| atraivArthe pramANasAvyasaMzayAdinivRttiH prmitiH| jaise "samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH" isa vAkyakA tAtparyajJAna yaha hai ki samyagdarzanAdika aneka honepara bhI mo. kSakA arthAt sampUrNa karmoMke kSayakA mArga arthAt upAya eka hI hai, aneka nahIM / bhAvArtha isase yaha siddha huA ki bhinna bhinna

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119 lakSaNase yukta samyagdarzanAdika tInoMkA samudAya hI mokSakA mArga hai, pratyeka nahIM / yaha tAtparya, mArgazabdake Age jo eka vacanakA prayoga kiyA hai usase siddha hotA hai / isIko vAkyArtha kahate haiM / isa Agama pramANameM isI Agama-pramANa dvArA sAdhya kiye hue viSayameM saMbhava honevAle saMzayAdikI nivRtti honA vaha pramiti samajhanI caahiye| __ kaH punarayamApta iti ceducyate / AptaH pratyakSapramitasakalArthatve sati paramahitopadezakaH / pramitetyAdAvevocyamAne zrutakevaliSvativyAptiH, teSAmAgamapramitasakalArthatvAt / ata uktaM pratyakSeti / pratyakSapramitasakalArtha ityetAvaducyamAne siddheSvativyAptiH, ata uktaM parametyAdi / paramaM hitaM niHzreyasam / tadupadeza eva arhataH prAmukhyena pravRttiH / anyatra tu praznAnurodhAdupasarjanatveneti bhAvaH / naivaMvidhaH siddhaparameSThI, tasyAnupadezakatvAt / tato'nena vizeSaNena tatra nAtivyAptiH / AptasadbhAve pramANamupanyastam / naiyAyikAdyabhimatAnAmAptAbhAsAnAmasarvajJatvAtpratyakSapramitetyAdivizeSaNenaiva niraasH| Apta kisako kahate haiM ? jo pratyakSa jJAnake dvArA sampUrNa padA. thoMko yathArtha jAnakara utkRSTa hitakA upadeza denevAlA ho usako Apta kahate haiM / yadi yathArtha jAnakara hitakArI upadeza kahanevAleko hI Apta kahA jAya, to zrutakevalImeM ativyApti AtI hai, kyoMki unhoMne Agamake dvArA sampUrNa padArthoMko yathArtharUpase jAnA hai / isaliye 'pratyakSa jJAnake dvArA' itanA aura bhI kahA / yadi 'pratyakSa jJAnake dvArA sampUrNa padArthoke yathArtha sAtA' itanA hI AptakA lakSaNa kiyA jAya tosiddhoMmeM ativyApti-doSa AtA hai| kyoMki pratyakSa jJAnase sampUrNa padArthoMko ve bhI yathArtha jAnate haiN| isaliye "utkRSTa hitakA upadeza denevAlA" itanA aura adhika

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120 kahA kyoMki upadeza denevAle mukhyatayA arhanta hI haiN| vAkIke dUsare chadmastha AcAryAdiko jo upadezaka mAnA jAtA hai vaha gauNa hai; kyoMki ve dUsaroMke prazna ke Azrayase uttara dete haiN| parantu siddhaparameSThI svayaM athavA dUsareke praznavaza bhI kisIko upadeza nahIM dete, isaliye ukta vizeSaNake (utkRSTa hitakA upadeza denevAle) kahanese siddhoMmeM ativyApti nahIM AtI / isa prakAra Aptake sadbhAvameM pramANa dikhaayaa| naiyAyikAdikoMke dvArA mAne hue jhUThe AptoMmeM yaha Apta lakSaNa isI liye nahIM saMbhavatA ki ve asarvajJa haiM aura hama "pratyakSa jJAnake dvArA sampUrNa padArthoM ke yathArtha jAnanevAle" ko hI Apta kahate haiN| nanu naiyAyikAbhimata AptaH kathaM na sarvajJaH ? iti ceducyate / tasya jJAnasyAsvaprakAzakatvAdekatvAcca vizeSaNabhUtaM svakIyaM jJAnameva na jAnAtIti tadviziSTamAtmAnaM sarvajJo' hamiti kathaM jAnIyAt ? evamanAtmajJoyamasarvajJa eva / prapaJcitaM ca sugatAdInAmAptAbhAsatvamAptamImAMsAvivaraNe zrImadAcAryapAdairiti viramyate / vAkyaM tu tatrAntarasiddhamiti neha lakSyate / yadi yahAMpara koI yaha zaGkA kare ki naiyAyikoMkA mAnA huA Apta sarvajJa kyoM nahIM hai? to usakA uttara yahI hai ki usa (naiyAyika)ne apane jJAnako svaprakAzaka nahIM mAnA hai aura phira bhI eka mAnA hai, isaliye vaha Apta jaba vizeSaNabhUta apane jJAnako hI nahIM jAna sakatA ho, to usa jJAnase yukta apane AtmAko isa prakAra kisataraha jAna sakatA hai ki "maiM sarvajJa huuN"| isa. liye jaba vaha AtmAko bhI nahIM jAna sakatA to spaSTa hI vaha asarvajJa hai| buddhAdikoMkI asarvajJatAkA varNana AptamImAMsAvivaraNameM AcAryoMne acchI taraha kiyA hai, isaliye hama aba

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121 usakA yahAM varNana nahIM karate / vAkyakA svarUpa bhI granthAntaroMse siddha hai, isaliye usakA bhI svarUpa yahAM nahIM dikhAte / atha koyamartho nAma ? ucyate / artho'nekAntaH / artha iti lakSyanirdezaH, abhidheya iti yAvat / anekAnta iti lakSaNakathanam / aneke antA dharmAH sAmAnyavizeSaparyAyA guNA yasyeti siddho'nekAntaH / tatra sAmAnyamanuvRtta svarUpam, taddhi ghaTatvaM pRthubudhodarAkAraH, gotvamiti sAstrAdimatvameva / tasmAnna vyaktitotyantamanyannityamekamanekavRtti | artha (viSaya) kisako kahate haiM ? jo anekAntasvarUpa ho usako artha kahate haiM / yahAMpara artha jisako abhidheya bhI kahate haiM, lakSya hai, aura anekAntatva usakA lakSaNa hai / jisameM aneka anta, arthAt sAmAnya vizeSa paryAya aura guNarUpa dharma pAye jAyeM usako anekAnta kahate haiM / aneka padArthoMke sadRza svarUpako sAmAnya kahate haiM / jaise ghaTatva / ghaTake udara sthAnapara phUlA huA AkAra vagairaha jo hotA hai vahI ghaTatvasAmAnya samajhanA cAhiye / isI prakAra aneka gauoMke galemeM laTakate hue camar3Ako sAsnA kahate haiM, usa sAsnAAdike hone ko hI gotvasAmAnya kahate haiM / isaliye sAmAnyakA svarUpa jo naiyAyika yaha kahate haiM, 'ki vaha sAmAnya vyaktise sarvathA bhinna, nitya, eka aura anekoM meM rahanevAlA hai / ' so ThIka nahIM hai / anyathA " na yAti na ca tatrAste na pazcAdasti nAzavat / jahAti pUrvaM nAdhAramaho vyasanasantatiH // 1 // " iti diGnAgadUSaNa dUSita gaNaprasaraprasaGgAt / pRthubunodarAkArAdidarzanAnantarameva ghaTo'yaM gaurayamityAdyanuvRttapratyayasambhavAt / vizeSo'pi sthUloyaM ghaTaH sUkSma ityAdivyAvRttapratyayAvalambanaM

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122 ghaTAdisvarUpameva / tathA cAha bhagavAnmANikyanandibhaTTArakA "sAmAnyavizeSAtmA tadarthaH" iti / __ yadi sAmAnyako vyaktise sarvathA, bhinna nitya, eka, anekoMmeM rahanevAlA hI mAnA jAya to "ghaTAdikI utpattike samaya vaha sAmAnya na to kahIMse AtA hI hai, aura na vahAMpara rahatA hI hai, tathA ghaTakA nAza honepara naSTa bhI nahIM hotA, evaM ghaTakA nAza honepara ghaTarUpa pahale AdhArako chor3akara kahIM jAtA bhI nahIM, yaha saba doSoMkA samUha durnivAra ho jAtA hai" ityAdi diGnAgAcAryake diye hue aneka dUSaNagaNakA AnA durnivAra ho jAvegA / jisa samaya ghaTake udarasthAnapara phUle hue AkArAdiko dekhate haiM, usake ThIka pIcheke samayameM hI yaha ghaTa hai athavA yaha gau hai isa prakAra sAmAnyakA jJAna hotA hai / isI prakAra vizeSa bhI, jisake Alambanase yaha ghaTa bar3A hai athavA yaha ghaTa choTA hai ityAdi vilakSaNa jJAna hotA hai, ghaTAdikakA hI svarUpa hai / isI liye bhagavAn mANikyanandI bhaTTA. rakane yaha kahA hai ki "sAmAnya aura vizeSa svarUpAtmaka padArtha hI jJAnakA viSaya hai"| paryAyo dvividhaH, arthaparyAyo vyaJjanaparyAyazceti / tatrArthaparyAyo bhUtatvabhaviSyattvasaMsparzarahitazuddhavartamAnakAlatvAvacchinnaM vastusvarUpam / tdetdRjumuutrnyvissymaamnntybhiyuktaaH| etadekadezAvalambinaH khalu saugatAH kssnnikvaadinH| vyaJjanaM vyaktiH, pravRttinivRttinivandhanajalAnayanAdyarthakriyAkAritvam / tenopalakSitaH paryAyo vyaJjanaparyAyo-mRdAdeH piNDasthAsakozakumUlaghaTakapAlAdayaH paryAyAH / paryAyake do bheda haiM, eka arthaparyAya dUsarA vyaJjanaparyAya / jo bhUta aura bhaviSyatkAlakA sparza na karanevAlA kevala zuddha varta.

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123 mAnakAlavartI vastusvarUpa hai usako artha paryAya kahate haiM / isIko AcAryAMne RjusUtranayakA viSaya kahA hai / isI vastuke eka dezakA avalambana karanese bauddhamatAvalambI kSaNikavAdI kahe jAte haiM / jisase pravRtti nivRttike liye kAraNabhUta jalAharaNAdika prayojana sAdhaka kriyA hosake usako vyaJjana athavA vyakti kahate haiM, aura isase yukta jo paryAya usako vyaJjanaparyAya kahate haiM / jaise miTTI ke sthAsa koza kusUla ghaTa kapAlAdirUpa vyaJjanaparyAya haiN| jisa taraha ghaTAdika dRSTAnta, pudgaladravyasaMbaMdhI kahe usI taraha AtmAdika anya dravyoMke bhI dRSTAnta samajhalenA cAhiye / yAvaddravyabhAvinaH sakalaparyAyAnuvartino guNAH / vastutvarUparasagandhasparzAdayaH / mRdravyasambandhino hi vastutvAdayaH piNDAdiparyAyAnanuvartante, na tu piNDAdayaH sthAsAdIn / tata eva paryAyANAM guNebhyo bhedaH / yadyapi sAmAnyavizeSau paryAyau tathApi saGketagrahaNanibandhanasya zabdavyavahAraviSayatvA(dA) gamaprastAve tayoH pRthanirdezaH / tadanayorguNaparyAyayordravyamAzrayaH " guNaparyayavad dravyam" iti AcAryAnuzAsanAt / tadapi savameva "sakhaM dravyam" ityAkarajavacanAt / jo dravyake sampUrNa pradezoM meM rahate haiM tathA jinakA anuvartana sampUrNa paryAyoMmeM hotA hai unako guNa kahate haiM / jaise vastutva, rUpa, rasa, gandha, sparza ityAdi / vastutvAdika guNa miTTI ke sampUrNa pradezoM meM rahate haiM aura piNDAdika uttarottara paryAyoM meM unakA anugamana bhI hotA hai, isaliye inako guNa kahate haiM / kintu piNDAdika paryAyoMkA sthAsAdika paryAyoMmeM aisA anvaya nahIM hotA isaliye inako guNa nahIM kahate / isIliye guNa aura paryAyoMmeM paraspara bheda hai / yadyapi sAmAnya aura vizeSa ye donoM paryAya hI haiM; tathApi jisa padArthameM jisa zabda ke isa niyamAnusAra

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124 saGketakA grahaNa ho cukA hai, vaha zabda usI padArthakA vyavahAra karAtA hai| isa AgamameM ukta donoMkA judA judA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| ukta guNa aura paryAya donoMkA hI Azraya dravya hai; kyoMki AcAryoMne aisA kahA hai ki 'jisameM guNa aura paryAya pAye jAyaM vaha dravya hai|' isI dravyakA dUsarA svarUpa satva bhI kahA hai; kyoMki siddhAMtameM aisA kahA hai ki bhAva aura bhAvavAn ina donoMmeM abheda vivakSA rakhanese sattvarUpa hI dravya hai| tadapi jIvadravyamajIvadravyaM ceti saGkapato dvividham / dvayamapyetadutpattivinAzasthitiyogi "utpAdavyayadhrauvyayuktaM sat" iti nirUpaNAt / tathA hi, jIvadravyasya svargaprApakapuNyodaye sati manuSyasvabhAvasya vyayaH, deva svabhAvasyotpAdaH, caitanyasvabhAvasya dhrauvyamiti, jIvadravyasya sarvathaikAntarUpatve puNyodayavaiphalyagrasaGgAt / sarvathA bhede puNyavAnanyaH phalavAnanya iti puNyasampAdanavaiyarthyaprasaGgAt paropakArasyApyAtmasukRtArthameva pravarttamAnatvAt / tsmaajiivdrvyruupennaabhedH| manuSyaparyAyadevaparyAyarUpeNa bheda iti pratiniyatanayanirastavirodhau bhedAbhedau prAmANikAveva / usa dravyake bhI jIvadravya aura ajIvadravya isa prakAra saGkSapase do bheda haiM / ina donoMmeM hI utpatti vinAza sthiti ye tInoM svabhAva pAye jAnese inameM dravyakA lakSaNa saMbhava hotA hai| AgamameM aisA hI kahA hai ki 'sat, sadA utpAda vyaya aura dhrauvyase yukta rahatA hai / ' jaise ki svargakI prApti karAnevAle puNyakarmakA udaya honepara jIvadravyameM manuSyasvabhAvakA vyaya, aura devasvabhAvakA utpAda tathA caitanyasvabhAvakA dhrauvya bhI hai| jIvadravyako yadi sarvathA ekasvarUpa mAnA jAya to puNyodayase kucha bhI prayojana siddha na ho, kyoMki, jo vastu sarvathA

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125 ekarUpa ho usameM koI vizeSa nimitta milanese bhI kyA vikAra ho sakatA hai, aura yadi nimitta milanepara kucha phera. phAra kisI vastumeM ho jAya to vaha sarvathA ekarUpa kaisA? isI prakAra yadi manuSyakhabhAva aura devasvabhAvako sarvathA bhinna hI mAnA jAyagA to bhI yaha doSa spaSTa hai ki puNya saMpA. danakartA anya huA aura phalabhoktA anya; kyoMki puNyakA upArjana karanevAlA hai manuSyaparyAyapariNata jIva aura phalabhoganevAlA hai devarUpajIva / aisA mAnanese bhI puNyakA sampAdana karanA vyartha hI hai / yadi puNya saMpAdana karanA dAnAdikI taraha kevala paropakArArtha hI mAnA jAya so bhI ThIka nahIM, kyoMki, jo loga paropakAra karane meM pravRtta hote haiM ve bhI apane puNyabandharUpa svArthake liye hI pravRtta hote haiM / isa liye jIvadravyakI apekSA abheda hai, kintu manuSyaparyAya aura devaparyAyakI apekSA bheda mAnanA hI cAhiye, kyoMki jinameMse pratiniyata dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika nayoMke dvArA virodhAdika doSa dUra ho gaye haiM aise bhedAbheda pramANa hI haiN| tathaivAjIvadravyasya mRdravyasyApi mRdaH piNDAkArasya vyayaH, pRthubudhnodarAkArasyotpAdaH, mRdrUpasya dhruvatvamiti, siddhamutpAdAdiyuktatvamajIvasya / svAmisamantabhadrAcAryAbhimatamatAnusArI vAmanopi sadupadezAtmAktanamajJAnasvabhAvaM hantumuparitananayamarthajJAnakhabhAvaM svIkartuM ca yaH samartha AtmA sa eva zAstrAdhikArItyAha "na zAstramasadravyeSvarthavat" iti / tadevamanekAntAtmakaM vastu pramANavAkyaviSayatvAdathetvenAvatiSThate / tathA ca prayogaH, sarvamanekAntAtmakaM, sattvAt, yaduktasAdhyaM na tannoktasAdhanaM yathA gaganAravindamiti / isI prakAra ajIva dravyameM bhI samajhalenA cAhiye, jaise miTTI

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126 rUpa miTTI meM piNDAkAra miTTIkA jisa samaya vyaya hotA hai, usI samaya ghaTAkAra miTTIkA utpAda, aura miTTIke svarUpakA dhrauvya hai| isase ajIvadravyoMmeM bhI utpAdAdika tInoM siddha hote haiM / svAmI samantabhadrAcAryake iSTa matakA anusaraNa karanevAlA vAmanAcArya bhI yahI kahatA hai ki sadupadezase pUrvake ajJAnasvabhAvako dUra karaneke liye tathA Age vastuke ApekSika jJAnasvarUpa nayoMko grahaNa karaneke liye jo AtmA samartha hai, vahI zAstrakA adhikArI hai| unake yahAMkA yaha sUtra hai ki "na shaastrmsdrvyessvrthvt"| arthAt jo Atmadravya ajJAnako dUra karane aura nayAtmaka jJAnake upArjanameM samartha nahIM hai, usameM zAstrakA koI prayojana siddha nahIM hotaa| isase anekAntAtmaka vastu hI yathArtha vastu hai yaha siddha hotA hai; kyoMki, anekAntAtmaka vastu hI pramANavAkyase kahA jA sakatA hai / anumAna bhI isa prakAra ho sakatA hai ki sampUrNa vastu anekAntasvarUpa haiM, kyoMki ve satsvarUpa haiM / jo anekAntasvarUpa nahIM hai ve satsvarUpa bhI nahIM hai, jaise AkAzakA kamalapuSpa / nanu yadyapyaravindaM gagane nAstyeva tathApi sarassastIti tato na sattvahetuvyAvRttizcettarhi tadetadaravindamadhikaraNavizepApekSayA sadasadAtmakamanekAntamityanvayadRSTAntatvaM bhavataiva pratipAditamiti santoSTavyamAyuSmatA / udAhRtavAkyenApi samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANAM mokSakAraNatvameva na saMsArakAraNatvamiti viSayavibhAgena kAraNAkAraNAtmakatvaM pratipadyate / sarva vAkyaM sAvadhAraNamiti nyAyAt / evaM pramANasiddhamanekAntAtmakaM vastu / (zaGkA) yadyapi kamala AkAzameM nahIM hai tathApi sarovarameM to hai / isaliye kamalameM satva hetukA jo abhI Upara niSedha kiyA

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hai vaha ThIka nahIM hai / (samAdhAna ) yaha kamala AdhAravizeSakI apekSA kathaMcit sadrUpa aura kathaMcit asadrUpa hai, ata eva anekAntAtmaka honeke kAraNa usako (kamalako) tumane bhI svayaM anvayadRSTAntarUpa to mAna hI liyA / isaliye aba isa viSayameM Apako itanese hI saMtoSa karanA cAhiye / jisa vAkyakA pahale udAharaNa diyA thA usa vAkyase bhI yahI nizcaya hotA hai ki samyagdarzana samyagjJAna samyakUcAritra ye tInoM mokSake hI kAraNa haiM na ki saMsArake, isa prakAra viSayavibhAgakI apekSA samyagdarzanAdikameM bhI kAraNapanA tathA akAraNapanA donoM dharma siddha hote haiM / kyoMki yaha niyama hai ki jitane vAkya hote haiM ve sabhI kucha na kucha avadhAraNa avazya karate haiM / jaba ki kucha na kucha vizeSa avadhi yA niyama kiyA jAyagA to usase zeSa aMzakA tyAga yA niSedha bhI avazya hI hogA / basa, yaha pramANadvArA siddha huA ki vastu anekAntAtmaka hI hai / nayA vibhajyante, nanu koyaM nayo nAma? ucyate / pramANagRhItArthaMkadezagrAhI pramAturabhiprAyavizeSo nayo "nayo jJAturabhiprAyaH" ityabhidhAnAt / sa nayaH sajhepeNa dvedhA dravyArthikanayaH paryAyArthikanayazceti / tatra dravyArthikanayaH dravyaparyAyarUpamekAnekAtmakamanekAntaM pramANapratipannamartha vibhajya paryAyArthikanayaviSayasya bhedasyopasarjanabhAvanAvasthAnamAtramabhyanujAnansvaviSayaM dravyamabhedameva vyavahArayati nayAntaraviSayasApekSaH sanaya ityabhidhAnAt / . aba nayoMkA vibhAga kiyA jAtA hai| usameM pahale yahI batAte haiM ki naya kyA cIja hai / pramANake dvArA jAne hue padArthake eka dezako viSaya karanevAle pramAtAke vizeSa abhiprAyako (jJAnarUpa) naya kahate haiN| kyoMki aisA vAkya hai ki "jJAtAkA abhi

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128 prAya hI naya hai"| usa nayake saGkepase do bheda haiM / eka dravyA. rthika naya, dUsarA paryAyArthika naya / dravyaparyAyasvarUpa aura ekAtmaka anekAtmaka ityAdi aneka svabhAvamaya padArthamese, jisakA ki pahale pramANajJAnake dvArA grahaNa ho cukA hai, vibhAga karake paryAyArthika nayake viSayabhUta bheda yA paryAyako udAsIna rUpase satmAtra jAnatA huA jo abhedarUpa apane viSayabhUta dravya mAtrako mukhyatAse viSaya karatA hai usako dravyArthika naya kahate haiM / kyoMki aisA kahA hai ki "jo jJAna dUsare nayake viSayakI apekSA rakhatA hai usIko sannaya arthAt saccA naya jJAna kahate ___ yathA suvarNamAnayeti / atra dravyAthikanayAbhiprAyeNa suvarNadravyAnayanacodanAyAM kaTakaM kuNDalaM keyUraM copanayannupanetA kRtI bhavati, suvarNarUpeNa kaTakAdInAM bhedAbhAvAt / dravyArthikanayamupasarjanIkRtya pravartamAnaM paryAyArthikanayamavalambya kuNDalamAnayetyukte na kaTakAdau pravartate, kaTakAdiparyAyasya tato bhinnatvAt / tato dravyArthikanayAbhiprAyeNa suvarNa syAdekameva / paryAyArthikanayAbhiprAyeNa syAdanekameva / krameNobhayanayAbhiprAyeNa syAdekamanekaM ca / jaise suvarNako laao| yahAM para dravyArthika nayakI apekSA pradhAna kara yadi koI manuSya suvarNa lAneke liye kisIse kahai, to kar3A kuNDala keyUra Adimese kisIke bhI leAnepara lAnevAlA kRtakArya samajhA jAtA hai| kyoMki suvarNapanekI apekSA kar3e AdikameM koI bheda nahIM hai / parantu jo dravyArthika nayako gauNa karake pravRtta honevAle paryAyArthika nayakA avalambana karatA hai vaha yadi kisIse kuNDala lAneke liye kahai to lAnevAlA kar3A lAnemeM pravRtta nahIM hotA; kyoMki kar3A Adi paryAye, kuNDalase bhinna haiN| isaliye dravyArthika nayakI apekSAse suvarNa

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129 kathaMcit eka hI hai aura paryAyArthika nayakI apekSAse kathaMcit anekarUpa bhI hai| yadi kramase donoM nayoMkI apekSA kI jAya to kathaMcit eka bhI hai aura aneka bhI hai| yugapadubhayanayAbhiprAyeNa syAdavaktavyam / yugapatprAptena nayadvayena viviktasvarUpayorekatvAnekatvayorvimarzAbhAvAt / na hi yugapadupanatena zabdadvayena ghaTasya pradhAnabhUtayo rUpatvarasatvayorviviktasvarUpayoH pratipAdanaM zakyam / tadetadavaktavyasvarUpaM tattadabhiprAyairupanatenaikatvAdinA samucitaM syAdekamavaktavyaM, syAdanekamavaktavyaM, syAdekAnekamavaktavyamiti syAt / saiSA nayaviniyogaparipATI saptabhaGgItyucyate / bhaGgazabdasya vastusvarUpabhedavAcakatvAt / saptAnAM bhaGgAnAM samAhAraH saptabhaGgIti siddheH| eka kAlameM donoM svabhAvoMkI apekSA pradhAnakara lakSya karanA so kathaMcit avaktavya naya hai; kyoMki bhinna bhinna svarUpavAle ekatva aura anekatvakA, eka kAlameM do zabdoMke dvArA uJcA. raNa tathA vicAra nahIM ho sakatA / yaha saMbhava nahIM hai ki ghaTake pradhAnabhUta rUpa aura rasa guNakA jinakA svarUpa parasparameM bhinna hai, eka kAlameM do zabdoM ke dvArA pratipAdana ho sake yahI avaktavya nayakA svarUpa hai| vastu sarvathA hI avaktavya nahIM hai / yadi usI samaya bhedAdi dharmoMke abhiprAyoMmeMse kisI eka vivakSita dharmakA bhI prayoga kiyA jAya to vaha dravya kthN| cit eka aura avaktavya hai tathA aneka aura avaktavya hai| arthAt dravyArthika naya aura yugapat donoM nayoMke prayogakI apekSAse vastu eka aura avaktavya hai / isI prakAra paryAyArthika naya aura yugapat donoM nayoMkI apekSAse aneka aura avaktavya hai| isI prakAra donoM nayoMkI kramase aura yugapat pravRttikI nyA. dI0 9

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130 apekSA karanepara vastu eka aneka aura avaktavya hai| isa prakAra nayoMke lagAne yA samajhanekI prakriyAko hI saptabhaGgI kahate haiM / vastuke svarUpakA bheda yahAM para bhaGga zabdakA artha hai / kyoMki saptabhaGgI zabdakI siddhi isa prakAra kI hai ki sAta bhaGgoMke samudAyako hI saptabhaGgI kahate haiM / nanvekatra vastuni saptAnAM bhaGgAnAM kathaM sambhava iti cet, yathaikasmin rUpavAn ghaTaH rasavAn gandhavAn sparzavAniti pRthagravyavahAranibandhanA rUpatvAdisvarUpabhedAH sambhavanti tathaiveti santoSTavyamAyuSmatA / evameva paramadravyArthikanayAbhiprAyaviSayaH paramadravyasattA, tadapekSayaikamevAdvitIyaM brahma, neha nAnAsti kiMcana, sadrUpeNa cetanAnAmacetanAnAM ca bhedAbhAvAt , bhede tu sadvilakSaNatvena teSAmasattvaprasaGgAt / . (prazna) eka vastumeM sAtoM bhaGga kisa prakAra sambhava ho sakate haiM ? (uttara) jisa prakAra yaha ghaTa rUpavAn , rasavAn, gandhavAn tathA sparzavAna hai, isa taraha eka hI ghaTameM bhinna bhinna vyavahArake kAraNabhUta rUpatvAdikakA bheda sambhava hai usI prakAra saptabhaGgImeM bhI Apako santoSa karanA cAhiye / arthAt aneka guNa yA dharmokI apekSAse dravyameM saptabhaGgIkI pravRtti hotI hai / isI prakAra paramadravyArthika nayakI apekSAkA viSaya paramadravya sattA hai / isIkI apekSA eka advitIya brahma hI hai, usake sivA ye nAnA padArtha kucha nahIM haiM / kyoMki sadrUpakI (astitvakI) apekSA cetana yA acetana padArthoM meM koI bheda nahIM hai| yadi astitvase bhI unakA bheda mAnA jAya to eka satse dUsarA vi. lakSaNa honeke kAraNa vaha asadrUpa (abhAvarUpa) Thaharane lge| RjusUtranayastu paramaparyAyArthikaH / sa hi bhUtatvabhaviSyacAbhyAmaparAmRSTaM zuddhavartamAnakAlAvacchinnaM vasturUpaM parA

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131 mRzati / tannayAbhiprAyeNa bauddhaabhimtkssnniktvsiddhiH| ete nayAbhiprAyAH sakalasvaviSayAzeSAtmakamanekAntaM pramANaviSayaM vibhajya vyavahArayanti / RjusUtra naya parama paryAyArthika hai, arthAt bhUta aura bhaviSyat kAlakI apekSA na karake zuddhavartamAnakAlIna vasturUpako viSaya karatA hai / isI nayakI apekSAse bauddhoMke mAne hue kSaNikatvakI siddhi hotI hai / nayoMkI ye apekSAyeM usa pramANake viSayakA vibhAga kara vyavahArameM pravRtta hote haiM ki jo pramANakA viSaya sampUrNa nayoMke viSayoMke samudAyasvarUpa hai aura anekAntAtmaka hai / arthAt pramANa aneka dharmoM ke samudAyarUpa vastuke samudAya aura samudAyI aise donoM aMzoMmeM pravRtta hotA hai / aura naya, pramANadvArA gRhIta vastuke eka dezameM pravRtta hotA hai| inhI nayoMmeMse eka nayako gauNa aura ekako mukhya karanese vyavahArakI siddhi hotI hai| kintu vastu eka dharmAtmaka nahIM hai jisase sarvathA eka dharmako lekara kSaNikatvAdikakI siddhi ho jAya / / syAdekameva dravyAtmanA vastu, no naanaa| syAnAnaiva paryAyAtmanA naikamiti / tadetatpratipAditamAcAryasamantabhadrasvAmibhiH "anekAnto'pyanekAntaH pramANanayasAdhanaH / anekAntaH pramANAtte tadekAntorpitAnayAt // 1 // " iti / aniyatAnekadharmavadvastuviSayatvAtpramANasya niyataikadharmavadvastuviSayatvAca nayasya / yadyenAmAItI saraNimullaGghaya sarvathaikamevAdvitIyaM brahma neha nAnAsti kizcana, kathazcidapinAnA netyAgrahaH syaattdetdrthaabhaasH| etatpratipAdakamativacanamAgamAbhAsaH, pratyakSeNa satyaM bhidA tatvaM bhidetyAdinAgamena ca bAdhitaviSayatvAt /

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132 dravyArthika nayakI apekSAse vastu kathaMcit eka hI hai aneka nhiiN| paryAyArthika nayakI apekSAse vastu aneka hI hai eka nahIM / isIliye AcArya samantabhadrasvAmIne aisA kahA hai ki, "pramANa aura nayakI apekSAse anekAnta bhI anekAntarUpa hai arthAt kahIM anekAnta hai aura kahIM ekAnta hai / jahAM pramANakI apekSA hai vahAM anekAnta hai; kyoMki vaha aniyata saba dharmoMse saMyukta abheda vastuko viSaya karatA hai / jahAM nayakI apekSA hai vahAM para ekAnta hai; kyoMki vaha niyata eka dharmase yukta vastuko viSaya karatA hai"| yadi isa jinokta mArgakA ullaGghana karake tumako yahI Agraha hai ki 'sarvathA eka advitIya brahma hI hai aura isake sivA bhinna kucha nahIM hai aura kisI prakAra bhI nahIM ho sakatA' to yaha tumhArA arthAbhAsa hai aura isake pratipAdaka vacana AgamAbhAsa haiN| kyoMki pratyakSase tathA "satyaM bhidA tatvaM bhidA" arthAt yaha bheda satya hai aura vAstavika hai isa Agamake vacanase pUrvokta kathana bAdhita hotA hai / sarvathA bheda eva na kathaJcidapyabheda ityatrApyevameva vijJeyaM, sadrUpeNApi bhede'sataH arthakriyAkAritvAsambhavAt / nanu pratiniyatAbhiprAyagocaratayA pRthagAtmanAM parasparasAhacaryAnapekSAyAM mithyAbhUtAnAmekatvAdInAM dharmANAM sAhacaryalakSaNasamudAyo'pi mithyaiveti cettadaGgIkurmahe, parasparopakAryopakArakabhAvaM vinA svatantratayA nairapekSyApekSAyAM paTasvabhAvavimuktasya tantusamUhasya zItanivAraNAdyarthakriyAvadekatvAnekatvAnAmarthakriyAyAM sAmarthyAbhAvAtkathaJcinmithyAtvasyApi sambhavAt / yadi sarvathA bheda hI mAnA jAya aura kisI bhI apekSAse abheda na mAnA jAya to bhI yahI doSa AvegA, kyoMki sarvathA bheda mAnanese sadrUpake sAtha bhI bheda ThaharA aura aisA honese

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133 padArtha asadrUpa huA aura asadrUpa padArtha kisI prayojanIbhUta kriyAko kara nahIM sktaa| (zaGkA) pratiniyata apekSAkA viSaya honese bhinna bhinna siddha honevAle ekatvAdika dharma, paraspara sAhacaryakI apekSA na rakhane para yadi mithyA hue to inakA jo sAhacaryalakSaNa samudAya hogA vaha bhI mithyA hI ThaharegA / (samAdhAna ) hama isako svIkAra karate haiN| kyoMki jisa prakAra paTarUpa avasthAse rahita tantuoMkA samudAya zItanivAraNAdirUpa iSTa kriyA nahIM kara sakatA, usI prakAra parasparameM upakAryopakArakabhAvake chor3a denepara dUsare nayoMse nirapekSa rahakara khatantrarUpase ekatvAdika dharma iSTa kriyAko utpanna nahIM kara sakate / isaliye una mithyA nayoMkA samUha bhI kathaMcit mithyA hI mAnanA caahiye| taduktamAptamImAMsAyAM svAmisamantabhadrAcAryaiH "mithyAsamaho mithyAcena mithyakAntatAsti naH / nirapekSA nayA mithyAH sApekSA vastuto'rthakRt // 1 // " iti / tato nayapramANAbhyAM vastusiddhiriti siddhaH siddhAntaH / iti paryAptamAgamapramANam / iti tRtIyaH prkaashH| iti zrIparamAhatAcAryadharmabhUSaNayativiracitA nyAyadIpikA smaaptaa| isIliye khAmI samantabhadrAcAryane AptamImAMsAmeM aisA kahA hai ki "mithyA nayoMkA samudAya mithyA ho to ho paraMtu hamArI

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134 'kathaMcit ekAMtatA' mithyA nahIM ho sakatI hai, kyoMki jo naya nirapekSa haiM ve saba mithyA haiM aura jo naya sApekSa haiM, ve saba vAstavameM kAryakArI haiM" / isase naya aura pramANake dvArA vastukI siddhi hotI hai yaha siddhAnta siddha huaa| isa prakAra AgamapramANakA bhI nirUpaNa kiyaa| isa taraha yaha zrIdharmabhUSaNayatikI racI huI nyAyadIpikA samApta huI / / AR lA KS" . LWA NIA

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