Agam Sampadan Ki Yatra

Author(s): Dulahrajmuni, Rajendramuni
Publisher: Jain Vishva Bharati
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/032420/1

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I0 damamAniya Agama sampAdana uttarajjhayaNANi (susa pada kRta jayA hindI anuvAda, kullAtmaka TipaNa GICIDIGUA yAtrA AgamamanISI muni dulaharAja

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA AgamamanISI muni dulaharAja saMpAdaka zAsanazrI muni rAjendrakumAra

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prakAzaka : jaina vizva bhAratI posTa : lADanUM- 341306 jilA : nAgaura (rAja.) phona naM. : (01581) 222080 / 224671 I-mela: jainvishvabharati@yahoo.com (c) jaina vizva bhAratI, lADanUM saujanya : pUjya pitAjI DaoN. haMsarAja aura mAtAjI sAvitrI devI kI pAvana smRti meM DaoN. lAjapata rAya - zrImatI iMdrA rAya gaura nagara, ludhiyAnA prathama saMskaraNa : maI 2011 mUlya : 100/- (sau rUpayA mAtra) mudraka : pAyorAITa prinTa mIDiyA prA. li., udayapura phona : 0294-2418482

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AzIrvacana 'anAzrayA na zobhante, paNDitA vanitA latAH'-saMskRta sAhitya kI prAcIna mAnyatA hai ki paMDita, vanitA aura latA ye saba nirAzrita hokara zobhita nahIM hote| ye Azraya ke sahAre bar3hate haiM, vikasita hote haiN| latAeM mauna haiM, ataH unake lie Aja bhI vaha satya badalA nahIM hai| vanitAeM svAzraya hone ko utsuka haiM aura vizva ke kaI aMcaloM meM ho cukI haiM, Aja paMDita bhI parAzrita nahIM haiN| svAzrita aura parAzrita ye sApekSa abhivyaktiyAM haiN| paraMparAgata Azraya se mukta hone kA artha hai parAzrita na honA aura nae Azraya ko svecchayA svIkRta karane kA artha hai svAzrita honaa| koI bhI svAzrita aisA nahIM haiM jo parAzrita na ho aura koI bhI parAzrita aisA nahIM hai jo svAzrita na ho| AcAryazrI tulasI ne Agama-dohana ke kArya meM aneka sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko vyApRta aura niSNAta kiyA hai| unakA jIvana AgamAzrita ho gayA hai| ve Agama ke Azraya ke binA zobhita nahIM hote| unameM eka muni dulaharAjajI haiN| ve prAraMbha se hI isa Agama-dohana ke kArya meM pravRtta haiN| unhoMne isI kArya se zakti arjita kI hai aura isI kArya meM unakA upayoga kiyA hai| zakti kA arjana aura upayoga, phira zakti kA arjana aura upayoga yaha krama calatA rahatA hai| pUjyapAda ne likhA hai yathA yathA samAyAti, saMvittau tttvmuttmm| tathA tathA na rocante, viSayAH sulabhA api / / yathA yathA na rocante, viSayAH sulabhA api / tathA tathA samAyAti, saMvittau tttvmuttmm|| jaise-jaise uttama tattva upalabdha hotA hai vaise-vaise viSayoM ke prati anAsakti

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hotI hai aura jaise-jaise viSayoM ke prati anAsakti hotI hai vaise-vaise uttama tattva upalabdha hotA hai| yaha vikAsa kA krama hara vastu para ghaTita hotA hai| Agamadohana ke kArya se bahuzrutatA milatI hai aura bahuzrutatA se Agama-dohana ke kArya ko gati milatI hai| sAmane koI nizcita lakSya hotA hai to anAyAsa hI AdamI bahuta jAna letA hai| usa nimitta ke binA utanA jAnane kA avasara nahIM aataa| prastuta pustaka meM jo viSayoM kI vividhatA hai, usakA nimitta Agama-dohana hai| isa kArya ke lie dharma, darzana, rAjanIti, Ayurveda, nIti Adi-Adi zAkhAoM kA adhyayana apekSita hotA hai| usI adhyayana-jyoti ke kucha sphuliMga prastuta pustaka meM haiN| ve samaya aura ciMtana kI vibhinna dhArAoM meM abhivyakta hue haiN| lekhaka ne sahaja sarala zailI aura bhASA meM inheM abhivyakti dI hai| prastuta pustaka se pAThaka ko ruci-pariSkAra aura jJAna-parivardhana donoM hI prApta hoNge| -muni nathamala (AcArya mahAprajJa) rAyapura 15 sitambara 1970

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zubhAzaMsA gaNAdhipati gurudeva zrI tulasI aura AcAryazrI mahAprajJa ke jIvanakAla kA eka mahattvapUrNa avadAna hai-jaina AgamoM kA sampAdana aura anuvAdana Adi kaary| yaha kArya vi.saM. 2012 meM zurU huA thA aura Aja taka cala rahA hai| isa kArya meM aneka sAdhu-sAdhviyoM, samaNiyoM aura zrAvakoM kA sahayoga rahA hai| unameM eka ullekhya nAma hai-'AgamamanISI muni dulaharAjajI svaamii|' ve lambe kAla se isa mahAyajJa meM apanI AhutiyAM dete rahe haiN| unake dvArA samaya-samaya para likhe gae nibandhoM se guMphita prastuta pustaka hai-'Agama-sampAdana kI yaatraa|' yaha pustaka atIta ke Aloka meM Agama-sampAdana ke saMdarbha meM eka sundara evaM tathyaparaka aitihAsika jAnakArI detI hai| isake sampAdana meM zAsanazrI muni rAjendrakumArajI svAmI kA zrama mukhara ho rahA hai| prastuta pustaka se pAThakoM ko gaNAdhipati gurudeva tulasI ke vAcanApramukhatva aura AcArya mahAprajJa ke pradhAna saMpAdakatva meM niSpAdita Agama-sampAdana ke bAre meM vizada jAnakArI prApta ho skegii| nasIrAbAda AcArya mahAzramaNa 14 mArca 2011, somavAra

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apanI bAta vi.saM. 2005 (san 1948), kArtika kRSNA assttmii| chApara meM AcArya tulasI kA paavs-prvaas| yahAM kI puNyadharA para mere jIvana meM eka nayA prabhAta udita huA aura maiM AcArya tulasI ke karakamaloM se dIkSita ho gyaa| dIkSA se pUrva mere mana meM eka saMkalpa thA ki maiM munizrI nathamalajI kI sevA meM rahaM, para yaha mere hAtha meM nahIM thaa| eka dharmasaMgha ke anuzAstA hone ke kAraNa isakA nirNaya AcAryavara ko hI karanA thaa| mere ajJAta mana kI vaha cAha pUjyavara ke pAsa kaise pahuMcI, maiM nahIM jaantaa| kintu usa samaya maiM vismayAtireka se abhibhUta ho gayA jaba AcAryavara ne mujhe munizrI nathamalajI ke pAsa rahane kA nirdeza diyaa| jAneanajAne merA vaha manoratha suphala ho gayA aura citta Anandavibhora ho gyaa| dIkSA ke sAtha hI merI vikAsa-yAtrA prArabdha ho gii| gurudeva tulasI kA ananta upakAra aura munizrI nathamalajI kI asIma karuNA ne mujhe vikAsa ke aneka AyAma pradAna kie| maiMne baiMgalora se iMgaliza mIDiyama se dasavIM kakSA pAsa kI thI, isalie iMgaliza meM bolanA aura likhanA mere lie sugama thaa| jaba kabhI pUjyapAda AcAryavara ke pAsa videzI athavA aMgrejI vidvAn Ate to AcAryavara unase bAta karane ke lie mujhe bulAte / maiM iMgaliza se hindI aura hindI se iMgaliza meM anuvAda kA kArya krtaa| isase merA iMgaliza bolane kA abhyAsa bar3hatA calA gyaa| sAtha meM prAkRta, saMskRta aura hindI bhASA kA bhI abhyAsa calatA rhaa| vi.saM. 2011 kI ghaTanA hai ki AcAryavara pUnA se nArAyaNagAMva kI ora pAda-vihAra kara rahe the| eka dina madhyavartI gAMva 'maMcara' meM ThaharanA haa| vahAM jisa makAna mAlika ke yahAM virAjanA huA vahAM kAphI patra-patrikAeM AI huI thiiN| AcAryazrI unameM bauddhapatrikA dharmadUta kA avalokana kara rahe the| usameM tripiTakoM ke sampAdana kI eka vistRta yojanA thii| use dekhakara tatkAla AcAryavara

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( 8 ) ke antaHkaraNa meM eka siharana paidA huI aura Agama - sampAdana kI kalpanA mUrta ho utthii| kalpanA ne cintana-manana kA rUpa liyA aura vaha kalpanA kriyAnviti meM pariNata ho gii| usa samaya kisI ne yaha nahIM socA thA ki kalpanA kA yaha sphuliMga mahAjyoti kA rUpa legA, itane vizAlastara para Agama- dohana hogA / jyoM-jyoM caraNa Age bar3hate gae kArya kA rUpa sAmane AtA calA gyaa| isa artha meM maiM saubhAgyazAlI banA ki AcArya tulasI ne mujhe bhI isa mahAyajJa meM apanI zramabUMdoM ko sArthaka karane kA alabhya avasara diyaa| taba se lekara Aja taka maiM Agama- sampAdana ke kArya ke sAtha jur3A rhaa| maiM jo bhI kArya karatA athavA AgamaviSayaka koI naI jAnakArI prApta karatA, sunatA use nibandharUpa meM guMphita kara letA / isa prakAra likhate-likhate sahaja aura anAyAsa hI aneka nibandhoM kA saMkalana ho gyaa| unameM kucha nibandha aitihAsika tathya ko prakaTa karane vAle haiM aura kucha tathyaparaka haiM / kucheka Agama- sampAdana meM Ane vAlI samasyAoM se saMbaMdhita haiM to kucha tatkAlIna sabhyatA-saMskRti ke paricAyaka haiM / pahale ye nibandha 'zabdoM kI vedI anubhava kA dIpa' nAmaka pustaka meM saMdRbdha the / kucheka nae nibandha yatra-tatra patra-patrikAoM meM vikIrNa the / una sabako ekAkAra kara eka svataMtra pustaka ke rUpa meM eka nayA AkAra dene kI yojanA bnii| vaha prastuta pustaka hai- 'Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA' / maiM gaNAdhipati gurudeva tulasI aura prajJApuruSa AcArya mahAprajJa ke mahAn avadAnoM aura ananta upakAroM ko AtmasAt karatA huA AcArya mahAzramaNa ke prati zraddhApraNata huuN| unake hastAvalambana se maiMne bahuta kucha pAyA hai aura pA rahA huuN| maiM muni rAjendrakumArajI aura muni jitendrakumArajI ke sahayoga ko bhI kabhI nahIM bhUla sktaa| ve donoM merI sevA ke sAtha-sAtha sAhitya - sampAdana bhI kara rahe haiM, yaha mere lie antastoSa kA viSaya hai / maiM cAhatA hUM ki donoM muni isa dizA meM kIrtimAna sthApita kreN| unhoMne mere isa sAhitya kArya ko saMbhAla kara mujhe nirdhAra banA diyA / prastuta pustaka Agama kA kArya karane vAloM ke lie upayogI siddha hogI aura atIta ke Aloka meM sudhI pAThakoM ko navIna dizA pradAna karegI, isI maMgalakAmanA ke sAtha 1 AgamamanISI muni dulaharAja terApaMtha bhavana, zrIDUMgaragar3ha 1 disambara 2010

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sampAdakIya bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke lagabhaga eka hajAra varSaparyanta zruta kI paramparA avicchinnarUpa meM pravahamAna rahI / kAlAntara meM smRtidaurbalya, parAvartana kI nyUnatA, dhRti kA hrAsa aura paramparA kI vyavacchitti Adi kAraNoM se usameM kamI Ane lagI / zrutakA adhikAMza bhAga naSTa hone lagA / jainAcAryoM ne avaziSTa zruta ko akSuNNa aura surakSita rakhane ke lie kucha prayAsa kie| jo bhI zruta nyUna yA adhika, truTita yA atruTita smRti meM thA usako vyavasthita saMkalita kiyA gayA / isake lie vIra nirvANa kI dasavIM zatAbdI (980 yA 993) meM devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa kI adhyakSatA meM vallabhI meM eka prayAsa huA / devarddhigaNI ne apanI buddhi se usa sAre Agama kI saMyojanA kara use pustakArUr3ha kara diyA / vartamAna meM upalabdha Agama devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa kI vAcanA ke haiN| usake pazcAt koI sarvamAnya vAcanA nahIM huI / devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa ke pazcAt Agama- sampAdana kA gurutara aura durUha dAyitva AcArya tulasI ne apane Upara liyA, kisI kI preraNA se nahIM, antaHkaraNa kI preraNA se isa dAyitva ko dAyitva samajhA aura adhikAMza dharmasaMgha ko isa kArya meM niyojita kiyA / isa mahAn kArya meM bIsa-tIsa sAdhu-sAdhviyAM AcAryazrI kI preraNA pAkara saMlagna bane / munizrI nathamalajI (AcArya mahAprajJa) Agama-kArya ke dizA-nirdezaka the / unake sAnnidhya meM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kI pUrI TIma manoyogapUrvaka kArya karatI rahI / pratyeka ko apanI-apanI ruci ke anusAra athavA yogyatA ke anusAra kArya sauMpA huA thA aura usakA sampUrNa nirIkSaNa kara rahe the AcArya tulasI / AgamamanISI munizrI dulaharAjajI svAmI Agama-kArya meM prArambha se lekara Aja taka sahayogI - sahabhAgI rahe haiN| unhoMne apane jIvana meM zruta kI mahAn upAsanA kI hai| isalie AgamamanISI aupacArika alaMkaraNa nahIM hai / yaha unakI zrama

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( 10 ) kI bUMdoM se niSpanna alaMkaraNa hai / avasthA prApta hone para Aja bhI unameM kArya karane kI dakSatA vidyamAna hai / Agama-kArya ke sAtha-sAtha unhoMne AcArya mahAprajJa do sau se adhika pustakoM kA bhI sampAdana kiyA hai / unakI zramazIlatA kA ullekha karate hue AcArya mahAprajJa ne eka bAra munizrI ke lie kahA thA - 'sAhitya - jagat meM mujhe prakAza meM lAne kA zreya muni dulaharAjajI ko jAtA hai / yadi ve na hote to saMbhava hai ki merA sAhitya isa prakAra bAhara AtA yA nahIM / ' aise zramazIla muni ne Agama-kArya karane vAloM ke lie eka 'gAiDa buka' prastuta kI hai- 'Agama- sampAdana kI yaatraa'| isameM paiMtIsa nibandhoM ko samAviSTa kiyA gayA hai| jaba se Agama kA kArya prArambha huA taba se unhoMne jo kucha jAnA, par3hA yA sunA usako apanI lekhanI se nibaddha kara pAThakoM ke sAmane parosA hai / mujhe AzA hai ki AgamoM para risarca karane vAloM ke lie prastuta pustaka atIta ke Aloka meM acchI-khAsI jAnakArI degI aura bhaviSya meM unakA patha pradarzana karegI, isI maMgalabhAvanA ke sAtha I terApaMtha bhavana, zrIDUMgaragar3ha 5 disambara 2010 -muni rAjendrakumAra

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anukrama 14 6 27 30 1. Agama-sampAdana kI kalpanA 2. Agama-sampAdana kI ghoSaNA 3. Agama-sampAdana kA prAraMbhika itihAsa 4. Agama-zodha-kArya : eka paryavekSaNa 5. pATha-saMzodhana : eka maulika kArya 6. zodha-kArya meM AnevAlI samasyAeM aura samAdhAna 7. pATha-parivartana tathA artha-vismRti 8. AgamapATha-zodhana : kucha mImAMsya sthala 9. Agama ke kucha vimarzanIya zabda 10. dakSiNa yAtrA aura Agama-sampAdana 11. prAkRta bhASA aura Agama-sampAdana para DaoN. upAdhye ke vicAra 12. Agama-kArya para DaoN. rotha ke vicAra 13. vaibhAra parvata : AcArya tulasI kA saMkalpa 14. Agama-kArya : nae nae unmeSa 15. Agama-kArya kI dizA meM 16. sAmUhika vAcanA kA AhvAna 17. Agama-kArya : vidvAnoM se parAmarza 18. Agama-sampAdana kArya : vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM 19. AgamoM ke vyAkhyAtmaka grantha 20. vyAkhyA-granthoM kA adhyayana kyoM? 34 38 42 55 62

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oo 82 98 102 105 109 (12) 21. dazavaikAlika : kArya-paddhati 22. dazavaikAlika : itihAsa aura paramparA 23. dazavaikAlika ke artha aura aitihAsika tathya 24. dazavaikAlika kA pAMcavAM adhyayana : eka dRSTi 25. dazavaikAlika meM bhikSu ke lakSaNa 26. paramparAoM ke vAhaka kucha zabda aura unakI mImAMsA 27. Agama-adhyayana kI dizA 28. AgamakAlIna sabhyatA aura saMskRti 29. uttarAdhyayana ke tIna TIkAkAra 30. uttarAdhyayanagata deza, nagara aura grAmoM kA paricaya 31. uttarAdhyayana aura parISaha 32. AgamoM meM vinaya 33. AgamoM meM vigayaviveka 34. sUtrakRtAMga ke AdhAra para sabhyatA aura saMskRti 35. nizItha bhASya ke kucha zabda-citra 113 118 126 137 149 154 158 171

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1. Agama - sampAdana kI kalpanA satya ko khojane aura satya ko jAnane kI manovRtti sadA se rahI hai / manuSya ne anAvRta ko AvRta karane kA prayatna AvazyakatA ke lie hI nahIM kiyA apitu kucha nayA karane kI utkaNThA ne bhI usa dizA meM prerita kiyA / kabhI-kabhI kucha nimitta aise milate haiM, jo satyazodha kI dizA meM vyakti ko gatimAna banA dete haiN| aisA hI eka preraka prasaMga AcArya tulasI ke jIvana meM nimitta banA / AcAryazrI tulasI apane zveta saMgha ke sAtha muMbaI meM caturmAsa aura maryAdA - mahotsava sampannakara khAnadeza kI yAtrA para cala pdd'e| pUnA meM alpakAlIna pravAsa kara nArAyaNa gAMva kI ora jAte hue eka dina 'maMcara' gAMva meM vizrAma kiyA / vi. saM. 2011 phAlguna zuklA dasamI kA suhAvanA dina thaa| jisa makAna meM AcAryazrI Thahare hue the usa makAna mAlika ke vahAM bauddhapatra 'dharmadUta' ko dekhakara AcAryazrI ke mana meM AgamoM para kucha kArya karane kI kalpanA utthii| Apane munizrI nathamalajI ko bulAkara kahA - 'jainAgamoM ke hindI anuvAda ke lie aneka vyakti mujhase kahate rahate haiM / merI svayaM kI icchA bhI hai / para eka ora yAtrA, dUsarI ora itanA gurutara kArya, yaha kaise bane ?' AcAryazrI ke hRdaya ko sparza karate hue munizrI nathamalajI ne kahA- 'yaha kArya kaThina bAta nahIM hai / yadi AcAryazrI kA dhyAna abhI abhI Agama-zodha kA kArya Arambha karane kA ho to nizcaya ho jAnA caahie| kAryakartA svayaM paidA hoNge| sAmagrI apane Apa juttegii| Apake saMkalpa ko phalane meM sandeha nahIM hai / ' isa Atma-vizvAsa kI vANI ko sunakara AcAryazrI kA saMkalpa aura balavAn banA aura usI dina yaha nizcaya kara liyA ki Agama-kArya ko prAraMbha karanA hai /

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA 2. Agama-saMpAdana kI ghoSaNA vi. saM. 2011, caitra zuklA navamI kA pAvana din| AcAryazrI tulasI apane saMgha ke sAtha daulatAbAda se vihAra kara auraMgAbAda (mahArASTrakhAnadeza) pdhaare| nAgarikoM ne ApakA hArdika abhinandana kiyaa| caitra zuklA trayodazI, mahAvIra jayantI ke zubha avasara para caturvidha dharmasaMgha kI upasthiti meM AcAryazrI ne ghoSaNA kI-'ina AgAmI pAMca varSoM meM jainAgama zodhakArya hamAre aneka lakSyoM meM eka pramukha lakSya banA rhegaa| isa lakSya kI pUrti ke lie sabhI sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko ekajuTa hokara kArya karanA hai| ___ upasthita pariSad ne ghoSaNA kA hArdika svAgata kiyaa| aneka sAdhu isameM yathAyogya zaktidAna aura buddhidAna dene ke lie utkaMThita hue| sAdhviyoM ne bhI isameM yathAyogya kArya karane kA saMkalpa kiyaa| 3. Agama-saMpAdana kA prAraMbhika itihAsa AcAryazrI tulasI eka mahAn parivrAjaka haiN| 'caraiveti caraiveti' unakI jIvanacaryA hai| auraMgAbAda se vihAra kara AcAryazrI nasIrAbAda, jalagAMva hote hue jyeSTha zuklA ekAdazI ko 'phAgaNA' pdhaare| yaha gAMva dhuliyA se do kosa kI dUrI para hai| vahAM zrIcaMdajI rAmapuriyA darzana karane aae| jainAgamasaMpAdana kI carcA clii| kArya kA prAraMbha kahAM se kiyA jAe, yaha vicAra sAmane aayaa| aneka vicAra sAmane the| zrIcaMdajI rAmapuriyA ne sabase pahale jainAgama-zabdakoza taiyAra karane kA sujhAva rkhaa| AcAryazrI ko yaha ucita lgaa| AgamoM kA hindI anuvAda aura zabdakoza ye do kArya prAraMbhaNIya the| ina donoM kAryoM ke lie hamane kAphI sAmagrI ekatrita kii| eka samasyA hamAre sAmane upasthita huii| koza-nirmANa ke viSaya meM kaI vikalpa khar3e hue| mana meM vicAra AyA ki jaba pUrva meM aneka zabdakoza vidyamAna haiM taba nae zabdakoza ke nirmANa ke lie samaya aura zakti ko vyartha kyoM lagAyA jAe? hamAre sAmane cAra zabdakoza vidyamAna the 1. zrIrAjendrasUri kA abhidhAna rAjendrakoza /

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Agama-sampAdana kA prAraMbhika itihAsa 2. muni ratnacandrajI kA adhamAgadhI zabdakoza / 3. alpaparicita jainAgama shbdkosh| 4. paMDita haragovindadAsa kA paaiysddmhnnnnvo| hamane inako dekhaa| inako dekhakara nae zabdakoza kA nirmANa anAvazyaka lagane lgaa| munizrI nathamalajI ne apane ye vicAra AcAryazrI ke sAmane rkhe| cintana claa| socA jAne lagA ki kyA koza-nirmANa ke vicAra ko chor3a diyA jAe yA use nayA rUpa diyA jAe? kaI dinoM taka vicAra-maMthana hotA rhaa| Akhira yaha nizcaya huA ki koza-nirmANa kA kArya sthagita na kiyA jaae| usameM kucha vizeSatAoM ko jor3akara usakI upayogitA ko bar3hA diyA jaae| yaha vicAra sthira huaa| sthiratA kA saMbhAvya rUpa hai 1. pahale bane zabdakozoM meM uddharaNa-sthaloM ke eka, do yA kucheka pramANa haiN| isa zabdakoza meM pratyeka zabda ke sabhI pramANa rheNge| eka zabda AgamoM meM jitane sthaloM meM prayukta huA hai, usake utane hI uddharaNa-sthaloM kA nirdeza rhegaa| 2. pratyeka sUtra kA zabdakoza tat-tat Agama ke sAtha rhegaa| pratyeka zabda kI saMskRta-chAyA bhI rhegii| isa svataMtra zabdakoza meM ve sabhI zabda nahIM lie jaaeNge| usameM pAribhASika yA vizeSa zabda hI lie jaaeNge| 3. yaha koza kaI vargoM, sUtroM aura sUktoM meM vibhakta hogaa| unameM eka varga pAribhASika yA vizeSa zabdoM kA rhegaa| zeSa zabdoM kA viSayAnupAta se vargIkaraNa kiyA jaaegaa| isa prakAra eka viSaya ke zabda eka hI varga meM samanvita rUpa se mila skeNge| unake AdhAra para unake prakaraNa bhI saralatApUrvaka khoje jA skeNge| 4. isa zabdakoza kA eka vibhAga viSayoM ke vargIkaraNa kA hogaa| yaha zabdaparaka na hokara arthaparaka hogaa| AgamoM meM jahAM kahIM bhI ahiMsA kA prakaraNa hai, usakA pramANa-nirdeza yA AdhAra-sthaloM kA sUcana ahiMsA sUkta meM mila jaaegaa| ahiMsA zabda kA prayoga haA hai yA nahIM, isakI apekSA nahIM hogI, inameM bhAvanA kA hI prAdhAnya hogaa| isa prakAra isa koza ke tIna pramukha bhAga hoMge

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA 1. pAribhASika (vizeSa) shbd-sNgrh| 2. eka viSaya ke zabdoM kA vargIkaraNa / 3. viSayoM kA vrgiikrnn| eka vicAra sAmane AyA ki uddharaNa-sthaloM ke sabhI pramANa dene se koza kA kalevara bahuta adhika bar3ha jaaegaa| para hameM lagA ki yaha vRddhi anveSaNa kI dRSTi se bahuta hI upayogI siddha hogii| ina sabhI dRSTiyoM ko AdhAra mAnakara koza-nirmANa kI rekhAeM susthira kI giiN| mahArASTra kI yAtrA cala rahI thii| dhuliyA meM AcAryazrI ne madhya-bhArata kI yAtrA kA nirNaya de diyaa| caturmAsa meM eka mahInA bAkI thaa| madhya-bhArata kI yAtrA prAraMbha huii| maha hote hue indaura Agamana huaa| AcAryazrI ne ujjaina meM caturmAsa bitAne kA nizcaya kara ddaalaa| logoM ko Azcarya huaa| accheacche logoM ne kahA-yaha kyA? AcAryazrI indaura zahara ko chor3a kara ujjaina jA rahe haiN| aisA nirNaya kyoM huA? kucha dinoM taka nirNaya para punaH vicAra karane kI prArthanAoM kA tAMtA lagA rhaa| AcAryazrI janatA kI mAMga kA aucitya samajhate the, para nirNaya ke pIche bhI bar3A aucitya thA, jo usa samaya logoM kI samajha se pare thaa| AcAryazrI ko jainAgama-zodha kI yojanA ko kAryarUpa denA thaa| indaura meM kArya-vyastatA ke kAraNa samaya kI alpatA nizcita thii| ujjaina meM yaha bAta nahIM thii| AcAryazrI devAsa hote hue ujjaina pdhaare| caturmAsa prAraMbha haa| zodha-kArya ke lie pustakeM juTane lgiiN| vahAM ke aneka pustakAlayoM se hamane pustakeM upalabdha kii| sAmagrI juTa gii| AcAryazrI ne kahA-'sabase pahale hameM battIsa AgamoM ke zabdoM kA 'anukrama' taiyAra karanA hai|' AcAryazrI ne isa kArya ke niyojana ke lie munizrI nathamalajI ko Adeza diyaa| munizrI ne eka suniyojita rUparekhA AcAryazrI ke samakSa rakhI aura tadanurUpa kArya prAraMbha ho gyaa| isI bIca dUra-dUra se kArya-nirdezana kI ajJAta dhvani gUMjane lgii| kArya ko gati dene meM yaha bhI eka zubha saMketa thaa| AcAryazrI ne yathAyogya nirdeza die aura bahirvihArI zramaNa bhI isa kArya meM saMlagna ho ge| vi. saM. 2012 kA caturmAsa ujjaina meM thA / usa varSa bhAdrapada do the|

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Agama-sampAdana kA prAraMbhika itihAsa pUre pAMca mahIne kA samaya sAmane thaa| AcAryazrI ke sAtha rahane vAle prAyaH sAdhu-sAdhviyAM isameM juTa gae aura caturmAsa ke pUrNa hote-hote lagabhaga battIsa AgamoM ke zabda anukrama se saMkalita ho ge| isa zabda-saMkalanA meM kaI sAdhu-sAdhviyAM nirdezaka aura nirdezikA ke rUpa meM kArya karate the aura zeSa unake sahayogI ke rUpa meN| unakI tAlikA isa prakAra haisAdhuoM dvArA kiyA gayA kArya 1. sthAnAMga, uttarAdhyayana nirdezaka svargIya munizrI cauthamalajI (jaavd)| sahayogI-munizrI sohanalAlajI (zrIDUMgaragar3ha), muni sumeramalajI 'sumana', munizrI rUpacandrajI (gaNabahiSkRta), munizrI mnnilaaljii| kAryArambha-saM. 2012, prathama bhAdrapada zuklA 13 / sampUrti-saM. 2012, kArtika amaavsyaa| 2. prajJApanA nirdezaka-munizrI sohanalAlajI (cuuruu)| sahayogI-munizrI chatramalajI, munizrI hanumAnamalajI (saradArazahara), munizrI nagarAjajI (cuuruu)| sampUrti-mArgazIrSa saradArazahara meN| sampUrNa zabdAnukrama kI sApha pratilipi munizrI mAnamalajI (zrIDUMgaragar3ha) tathA munizrI campAlAlajI (saradArazahara) ne kii| 3. bhagavatI, dazAzrutaskandha, nandI nirdezaka-munizrI dulIcaMdajI 'dinakara' / sahayogI-munizrI haMsarAjajI, munizrI zrIcaMdrajI 'kamala', munizrI gulAbacaMdajI 'nirmohii'| kAryArambha-saM. 2012, zrAvaNa zuklA 4 / sampUrti kArtika zuklA 12 /

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA 4. AcArAMga (prathama) nirdezaka-munizrI sukhalAlajI (sujaangddh')| sahayogI-munizrI campAlAlajI (lADanUM), munizrI hIrAlAlajI, munizrI basantIlAlajI (gnnbaahir)| kAryArambha-saM. 2012, zrAvaNa zuklA 1 / sampUrti zrAvaNa zuklA pUrNimA / 5. jIvAbhigama, nizItha, piNDaniyukti nirdezaka-munizrI raajkrnnjii| sahayogI-munizrI sohanalAlajI (cAr3avAsa), munizrI maaNgiilaaljii| 6. rAjapraznIya nirdezaka-munizrI buddhmlljii| sahayogI-munizrI riddhakaraNajI (zrIDUMgaragar3ha), munizrI mohanalAlajI 'zArdUla', munizrI mdhukrjii| sampUrti-saM. 2013, dillI caturmAsa meN| 7. Avazyaka munizrI dulhraajjii| 8. Agama-viSaya-vargIkaraNa AcArAMga Adi aneka AgamoM ke viSayoM kA vargIkaraNa taiyAra kiyA gayA thaa| isameM mukhyataH munizrI sAgaramalajI 'zramaNa', munizrI sukhalAlajI (sujAnagar3ha) aura munizrI dulaharAjajI kArya karate the| sAdhviyoM dvArA kiyA gayA kArya 1. sUtrakRtAMga, samavAyAMga, nirayAvalikA nirdezikA-sAdhvIzrI sirekaMvarajI, sAdhvIzrI sohanAMjI (lADanUM), sAdhvIzrI hulAsAMjI, sAdhvIzrI harSakumArIjI, sAdhvIzrI puNyazrIjI / kAryArambha-saM. 2012 ujjaina, zrAvaNa kRSNapakSa meN| sampUrti kArtika ke zuklapakSa meN|

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Agama- sampAdana kA prAraMbhika itihAsa 2. sUryaprajJapti, anuyogadvAra, aupapAtika nirdezikA - sAdhvI zrI ratnakumArIjI ( saradArazahara) / sahayoginI - sAdhvI zrI harSakumArIjI ( saradArazahara), kAnakumArIjI (cUrU), sAdhvIzrI jayazrIjI, sAdhvIzrI guNasundarajI / kAryArambha - ujjaina, saM. 2012, ASAr3ha kRSNA 9 / sampUrti - Azvina meM / 7 sAdhvIzrI 3. jJAtAdharmakathA nirdezikA - sAdhvIzrI ratnakumArIjI ( saradArazahara) / sahayoginI - sAdhvIzrI cAMdakumArIjI ( saradArazahara), sAdhvIzrI kamalUjI (saradArazahara), sAdhvIzrI kAnakumArIjI (cUrU), sAdhvIzrI sohanAMjI (rAjaladesara), sAdhvIzrI jatanakumArIjI ( srdaarshhr)| kAryArambha - saM. 2013, zrAvaNa / pUrti-kArtika / 4. bRhatkalpa nirdezikA - sAdhvIzrI dhanakumArIjI ( srdaarshhr)| sahayoginI-sAdhvIzrI harSakumArIjI, sAdhvIzrI ratnakumArIjI, sAdhvIzrI bhIkhAMjI, sAdhvIzrI kAnakumArIjI, sAdhvIzrI sohanAMjI, sAdhvIzrI puNyazrIjI, sAdhvIzrI vidyAkumArIjI / kAryArambha-saM. 2012, kArtika zuklA 14 / saMpUrti - usI dina | 5. vyavahAra nirdezikA - sAdhvIzrI dhanakumArIjI ( saradArazahara) / sahayoginI-sAdhvIzrI chaganAMjI (saradArazahara), sAdhvIzrI mohanAMjI, sAdhvIzrI kesarajI, sAdhvIzrI harSakumArIjI, sAdhvIzrI jayazrIjI / kAryArambha - Azvina kRSNA 9 / saMpUrti - Azvina kRSNA 14 /

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA 6. praznavyAkaraNa, anuttaropapAtikadazA, aMtakRtadazA nirdezikA-sAdhvIzrI dhanakumArIjI (srdaarshhr)| sahayoginI-sAdhvIzrI bhIkhAMjI, sAdhvIzrI kamalazrIjI, sAdhvIzrI harSakumArIjI (laaddnuuN)| kAryArambha-saM. 2012, zrAvaNa / sNpuurti-kaartik| 7. jambUdvIpaprajJapti nirdezikA-sAdhvIzrI raajiimtiijii| sahayoginI-sAdhvIzrI kamalUjI, sAdhvIzrI bhIkhAMjI, sAdhvIzrI phUlakumArIjI, sAdhvIzrI hulaasaaNjii| 8. anuyogadvAra nirdezikA-sAdhvIzrI phUlakumArIjI (laaddnuuN)| sahayoginI-(nAma likhita nahIM hai)| isa prakAra lagabhaga tIsa sAdhu aura cAlIsa sAdhviyoM ne battIsa AgamoM kI zabda-sUcI lagabhaga pAMca mahInoM meM taiyAra kara dii| isake sAtha-sAtha zabdakoza saMbaMdhI aneka viSayoM para bhI kArya calatA rhaa| munizrI campAlAlajI (lADanUM) ne AgamoM meM prayukta dhAtuoM kA saMkalana kiyaa| anyAnya viSayoM ke vargIkaraNa bhI taiyAra kiye ge| pratyeka sUtra kI 'akArAdi' anukrama se zabdasUcI taiyAra ho jAne para aba nirdhArita zabdakoza kA kArya prAraMbha karanA thaa| AcAryazrI ne ujjaina kA caturmAsa sampanna kara rAjasthAna kI ora vihAra kiyaa| bhIlavAr3A meM mAgha-mahotsava sampanna huaa| vi. saM. 2013 kA caturmAsa saradArazahara meM huaa| zodha-kArya ke aMtargata anuvAda Adi kA kArya calatA rhaa| phira cAlIsa divasIya dillI-yAtrA sampanna kara maMtrI muni kI vizeSa prArthanA para mAgha-mahotsava kA virATa kAryakrama saradArazahara meM hI kiyA gyaa| _ vi. saM. 2014 kA caturmAsa sajAnagar3ha meM thaa| sthAna Adi kI

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Agama-zodha-kArya : eka paryavekSaNa savidhA thii| kArDa praNAlI se koza kA kArya prArambha huaa| isameM munizrI nathamalajI, munizrI buddhamallajI aura munizrI mIThAlAlajI nirdezaka ke rUpa meM kArya karate the aura lagabhaga teraha muni unake sahayogI the| unake nAma ye haiM 1. munizrI sumeramalajI (lADanUM) 8. munizrI tArAcaMdajI 2. munizrI sumeramalajI 'sumana' 9. munizrI zubhakaraNajI 3. munizrI dulaharAjajI 10. munizrI haMsarAjajI 4. munizrI zrIcaMdrajI 'kamala' 11. munizrI basaMtIlAlajI 5. munizrI hIrAlAlajI 12. munizrI hanumAnamalajI 6. munizrI jatanamalajI 13. munizrI madhukarajI 7. munizrI mohanalAlajI usa caturmAsa meM chaha AgamoM kA zabdakoza taiyAra ho gyaa| usa varSa lADanUM meM mAgha-mahotsava sampanna huA aura vahAM AcAryazrI ne kalakattA kI lambI yAtrA karane kA nirNaya le liyaa| isalie zabdakoza kA kArya sthagita kara denA pdd'aa| isa sthagana kA mukhya kAraNa yaha bhI thA ki pATha-saMzodhana ke kArya ko prAthamikatA dI gaI aura bIsa-bAIsa AgamoM kA pATha-saMzodhana kara liyA gyaa| sAtha-sAtha aneka AgamoM ke anuvAda, TippaNa, zabda-sUcI bhI sAtha-sAtha taiyAra hote ge| avaziSTa AgamoM ke pATha-saMzodhana kA kArya cAlU hai aura anuvAda Adi bhI cala rahe haiN| 4. Agama-zodha-kArya : eka paryavekSaNa Agama-zodha-kArya ko calate-calate lagabhaga eka yuga bIta calA hai| isa kArya-kAla meM aneka sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ne apanI-apanI yogyatA ke anusAra isameM hAtha baMTAyA hai| kArya kA prArambha eka choTI-sI kalpanA se huA thA, kintu Aja vaha kArya bahuta vistAra pA cukA hai| Aja bhI aneka sAdhu-sAdhviyAM usameM saMlagna haiN| isa nibandha meM Agama-zodha-kArya, usakI paddhati aura kArya karane vAloM ke nAma prastuta kie jA rahe haiM, jisase yaha anumAna sahajatayA ho sakegA ki zruta ke isa mahAyajJa meM kitane-kitane vyakti lage hue haiN|

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10 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA 1. pATha-saMzodhana tathA pATha-nirdhAraNa Agama-zodha-kArya kA pramukha aMga hai-pATha-saMzodhana tathA usakA nirdhaarnn| isI kI sampannatA se zodha-kArya ke dUsare-dUsare choTe-bar3e sabhI aMga-upAMga sampanna hote haiN| yaha kArya pratidina madhyAhna meM lagabhaga do ghaMTe taka calatA hai| jisa Agama kA pATha-saMzodhana karanA hotA hai, usakI prAcIna pratiyAM prApta kI jAtI haiN| ve pratiyAM hastalikhita, tADapatrIya yA phoTo priMTa hotI haiN| inakI prAthamika jAMca kara lene ke pazcAt cAra-pAMca pratiyAM cunakara rakha lI jAtI haiM aura unake AdhAra para kArya prArambha hotA hai| inake sAthasAtha tat-tat AgamoM ke vyAkhyA-graMthoM-niyukti, bhASya, cUrNi, TIkA, dIpikA, TabbA, jor3oM Adi kA bhI yatheSTa upayoga kiyA jAtA hai| isa kArya meM pramukhatayA AcAryazrI tulasI tathA nikAya saciva munizrI nathamalajI (AcArya mahAprajJa) apanA bahumUlya samaya lagAte haiN| zeSa muni jo isameM saMlagna haiM, ve ye haiM 1. munizrI sudarzanajI 3. munizrI hIrAlAlajI 2. munizrI madhukarajI 4. munizrI baalcNdjii| zrAvaka jayacandalAlajI koThArI (lADanUM) bhI isa kArya meM saMlagna rahate pATha-nirdhAraNa meM pratiyoM tathA vyAkhyA-graMthoM ke atirikta pATha ke paurvAparya tathA anya AgamoM meM usake Avartana-pratyAvartana para bhI dRSTi vizeSa rUpa se kendrita rahatI hai| yaha kArya nirdhArita samaya para to calatA hI hai, parantu samUce dina isa kArya meM do-tIna muni lage hI rahate haiN| ve isa kArya ke lie sAmagrI saMkalita kara nikAya saciva munizrI ke nirdezAnusAra use yathAsthAna yojita kara dete haiN| 2. anuvAda aura saMskRta-chAyA hamArI yaha abhilASA rahI hai ki pratyeka Agama kA prAmANika hindI anuvAda tathA usakI saMskRta-chAyA prastuta kI jaae| anuvAda mUlasparzI ho tathA koI bhI zabda aspaSTa na rahe, yaha hamArA prayatna rahA hai| bhAvAnuvAda bhale hI sugama ho, parantu kabhI-kabhI vaha mUla se bahuta dUra calA jAtA hai

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Agama-zodha kArya : eka paryavekSaNa aura pAThaka mUla-bhAva se bhaTaka-sA jAtA hai, isalie hamane mUlasparzI anuvAda ko pradhAnatA dI hai| prAkRta kA saMskRta meM rUpAntaraNa karate samaya atyadhika satarkatA kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| kyoMki Agama ke upalabdha aneka saMskaraNoM meM saMskRta chAyA kA AdhAra pradhAnataH TIkA rahI hai / parantu bAta yaha hai ki TIkAkAra pratyeka zabda kI vyAkhyA dete haiM, chAyA nahIM / kahIM-kahIM vyAkhyA ko hI mUla chAyA mAna lene se bhayaMkara bhUleM huI haiM aura kabhI-kabhI una vyAkhyAoM ke AdhAra para mUla zabda ko bhI parivartita kara diyA jAtA hai| mudrita pratiyoM ke eka nahIM aneka sthala isake sAkSI haiM / aisI sthiti meM prAkRta zabdoM kI hI mUla prakRti, artha kI saMgati Adi-Adi ko dhyAna meM rakhakara unakA saMskRta rUpAntaraNa kiyA jAe to maiM mAnatA hUM, zabdoM ke sAtha nyAya ho sakatA hai I dazavaikAlika (sAnuvAda, saTippaNa) chapa cukA hai| * uttarAdhyayana (sAnuvAda) chapa rahA hai / 11 * sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga, upAsakadazA, nandI, nirayAvalikA AdiAdi sUtroM ke anuvAda taiyAra haiM / vartamAna meM vibhinna AgamoM para nimnokta kArya ho rahA hai 1. aupapAtika (chAyA) - munizrI candanamalajI / 2. sthAnAMga (chAyA) - munizrI dulIcaMdajI | 3. upAsakadazA (chAyA) - muni zrI gaNezamalajI / 4. AcArAMga (prathama) - ( chAyA tathA anuvAda) / 5. aupapAtika (anuvAda) - sAdhvIzrI saMghamitrAjI / 6. anuyogadvAra (anuvAda) - sAdhvIzrI kanakaprabhAjI / 7. anuyogadvAra (chAyA) - sAdhvIzrI yazodharAjI / 8. AcArAMga cUlA (chAyA) - sAdhvIzrI jatanakumArIjI / 9. nizItha (chAyA) - sAdhvIzrI jayazrIjI / 10. samavAyAMga (chAyA) - sAdhvIzrI kanaka zrIjI /

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA 3. TippaNa Agamagata vizeSa zabdoM ke artha tathA vibhinna sthaloM ke spaSTIkaraNa ke lie TippaNa likhanA atyanta Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| inake binA zabda tathA sthala atyanta durUha ho jAte haiN| hamane TippaNoM ke lekhana meM prAcIna vyAkhyA-graMthoM tathA Adhunika sAmagrI kA pUrA-pUrA upayoga karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| phira bhI yatra-tatra sAmagrI ke abhAva meM kucheka zabda ke artha Aja bhI anveSaNIya raha jAte haiN| uttarAdhyayana tathA sthAnAMga ke vistRta TippaNa taiyAra haiM aura dazavaikAlika bhI saTippaNa prakAza meM A cukA hai| uttarAdhyayana prakAzyamAna 4. zabdAnukrama pratyeka Agama ke sAtha usa Agama meM prayukta sabhI zabdoM kA eka anukrama tathA sabhI pramANa-sthaloM kA nirdeza, Aja ke zodha kI sadyaska apekSA hai| isake binA zodha-kArya adhUrA raha jAtA hai| hamane pratyeka Agama ke zabdAnukrama (sapramANa) ko pariziSTa meM diyA hai| isase jijJAsu vyaktiyoM ko zabdoM kI khoja meM kAphI sugamatA ho jAtI hai| isake sAtha-sAtha nAmAnukrama Adi-Adi upAMga bhI dete rahe haiN| padyamaya AgamoM kA padAnukrama tathA gadyamaya AgamoM kA sUtrAnukrama denA nizcita kiyA gayA hai| isI ke anusAra kArya bhI cala rahA hai| isa kArya meM mukhyarUpa se munizrI zrIcandrajI 'kamala' lage hue haiM aura abhI-abhI unhoMne nandI, . AcArAMga (prathama), Avazyaka, nizItha tathA uttarAdhyayana kA zabdAnukrama, nAmAnukrama Adi taiyAra kiyA hai| munizrI hanumAnamalajI (saradArazahara) unake sahayogI rahe haiM tathA Ajakala ve AcArAMga cUlA ke zabdAnukrama meM lage hue haiN| munizrI kizanalAlajI sUtrakRtAMga kA 'padAnukrama' taiyAra kara rahe haiN| sAdhvIzrI sUrajakumArIjI, sAdhvIzrI jayazrIjI tathA sAdhvIzrI kanakazrIjI ne uttarAdhyayanasUtra kA padAnukama taiyAra kiyA hai|

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Agama-zodha-kArya : eka paryavekSaNa Agama-zodha-kArya ke ye pramukha aMga haiM aura ina para kArya gatizIla ___ inake atirikta zodha-kArya ke aneka upAMga bhI haiN| una sabakI kriyAnviti meM aneka sAdhu-sAdhviyAM saMlagna haiN| sAdhvIzrI kAnakumArIjI ne 'uttarAdhyayanasUtra' kA 'chandabodha' taiyAra kiyA hai| sAdhvIzrI maMjulAjI upAsakadazA tathA sAdhvIzrI saMghamitrAjI aupapAtikasUtra ke vibhinna aMgoM para kArya kara rahI haiN| ____munizrI sukhalAlajI uttarAdhyayana kI kathAoM ke sampAdana tathA anuvAda meM lage hue haiN| munizrI sAgaramalajI 'zramaNa' AcArAMgasUtra (prathama) ke saMzodhita pATha kI hastalikhita prati taiyAra kara rahe haiN| pratyeka sUtra kI vistRta bhUmikA tathA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana bhI likhe jA rahe haiN| dazavaikAlika tathA uttarAdhyayana ke samIkSAtmaka adhyayana likhe jA cuke haiN| isa prakAra hamAre isa kArya meM AcAryazrI ke sAtha rahane vAle tathA anyatra vihArI aneka sAdhu-sAdhviyAM saMlagna haiN| terApaMthI mahAsabhA isake prakAzana meM dattacitta hai| Adarza sAhitya saMgha. bhI isa dizA meM kaI varSoM se apanI mahattvapUrNa sevAeM de rahA hai| kucheka zrAvaka bhI isa kArya meM yathAyogya sahayoga dete rahe haiN| Agama-zodha-kArya kI samasta pravRttiyoM ke aMtima nirNAyaka tathA vAcanA-pramukha AcAryazrI tulasI haiM aura isa dizA meM unake ananya sahayogI tathA saMpUrNa zodha-kArya ke pradhAna nirdezaka evaM sampAdaka haiM nikAya saciva munizrI nthmljii| vastutaH inakI satata preraNA aura saMlagnatA ne kArya ko gati dI hai tathA aneka sAdhuoM ko zruta ke isa mahattvapUrNa anuSThAna meM yogadAna dene ke lie prerita kiyA hai| nirNAyakatA ke ye do kendra hamAre zodha-kArya ke prANa tathA prakAzastambha haiN| inakI udyamaparatA, kAryaniSThA, sUkSma tattvAnveSaNa kI medhA tathA dUradarzitA se hama lAbhAnvita hue haiM, ho rahe ha aura cirakAla taka hote rheNge|

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14 Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA 5. pATha-saMzodhana : eka maulika kArya bhavana-nirmANa meM nIMva kA jo mUlya hai usase adhika mUlya hai AgamasampAdana meM pATha-saMzodhana kA / yaha eka maulika kArya hai| usake binA artha kA nirdhAraNa nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| pATha saMzodhana ke abhAva meM AgamoM meM aneka jagaha truTiyAM rahIM aura unakA artha bhI AgamoM meM ullikhita pATha ke AdhAra para kiyA gyaa| isase kahIM kahIM samyak pATha na pakar3a pAne ke kAraNa zabdoM ke artha galata ho gae / hameM Agama kArya karate-karate lagabhaga eka yuga bIta rahA hai / isa avadhi meM anekAneka nae anubhava prApta hue, saikar3oM graMthoM kA talasparzI adhyayana huA aura Agama tathA vyAkhyA - sAhitya ko sUkSmatA se samajhane kA suavasara milaa| isa gurutara kArya ko sampanna karane meM lagabhaga bIsa sAdhusAdhviyAM apanA-apanA kArya kara rahe haiN| hamAre isa zodha kArya ke pramukha haiM- AcAryazrI tulasI aura pradhAna sampAdaka aura nirdezaka haiM munizrI nathamalajI / yadyapi AcAryazrI isa kArya meM apanA adhikAMza samaya lagAne kA prayatna karate haiM, kintu eka pragatizIla dharmasaMgha ke AcArya hone ke kAraNa anyAya aneka pravRttiyoM meM unheM saMlagna rahanA par3atA hai / terApaMtha eka kendrazAsita saMgha hai / AcArya usake kendra haiM / ataH choTI-se-choTI aura bar3Ise bar3I pravRtti meM unakI saMlagnatA Avazyaka hotI hai / isIlie ve kisI eka hI pravRtti meM apanA sArA samaya nahIM lagA sakate / kintu itanA uttaradAyitva hote hue bhI ve Agama-kArya ke lie niraMtara cintanazIla aura kArya - tatpara rahate haiM / kabhI-kabhI apanI anyAnya pravRttiyoM ko gauNa kara isako pramukhatA dete haiM / isIlie kRtajJatA kI bhASA meM munizrI nathamalajI ne likhA hai- 'Agama - kArya kI sabhI pravRttiyoM meM AcAryazrI kA hameM sakriya yoga, mArgadarzana aura protsAhana prApta hai| yahI hamArA isa gurutara kArya meM kA zakti - bIja hai / ' pravRtta hone munizrI nathamalajI ne isa zodha kArya meM aneka nae AyAma khole haiM aura aneka sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko isa kArya kI ora AkRSTa kiyA hai| unakA samUcA samaya isI ko gatizIla banAe rakhane meM vyatIta hotA hai aura unhoMne

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pATha-saMzodhana : eka maulika kArya 15 apane paripArzva meM isake lie kAryakarttAoM kI eka sundara kar3I nirmita kI hai / - abhI-abhI eka dina rAjasthAna ke pramukha kavi zrI kanhaiyAlAla seThiyA ne munizrI se prArthanA kI- 'Apa isa zodha kArya meM apanA jIvana kyoM lagA rahe haiM? isa kArya ko vidvAnoM ko sauMpakara Apa kucha maulika dena dIjie / Apa jaise prakhara pratibhA vAloM se sArA saMsAra lAbhAnvita ho sakatA hai / parantu maiM dekhatA hUM ki Apa isa kArya meM itane vyasta rahate haiM ki maulika cintana-manana ke lie samaya bhI nahIM milatA hogaa| dUsarI bAta hai ki vyakti amuka-amuka vaya taka hI kucha maulika dena de sakatA hai| umra ke Dhala jAne para usameM maulika sUjha-bUjha kI kamI ho jAtI hai| isIlie Apako isa kArya se haTakara vibhinna viSayoM para apanA maulika anubhava, cintana aura manana prastuta karanA cAhie / ' munizrI muskarAe aura cupa ho gae / pratidina kI bhAMti Aja bhI AcAryazrI ke samakSa AcArAMga kA vAcana cala rahA thA / munizrI AcArAMga ke gUr3hatama sUtroM ke rahasyoM ko khola rahe the / bIsa-pacIsa vidyArthI, sAdhu-sAdhviyAM dattacitta ho unako suna rahI thIM / prasaMga claa| maiMne AcAryazrI se kahA - ' pATha - saMzodhana jaise kArya meM munizrI kA itanA samaya lagAnA kucha aTapaTA sA lagatA hai / Ajakala maiM dekha rahA hUM ki maulika sRjana ke lie unake pAsa avakAza hI nahIM raha paataa| aisI pratibhAeM yadA-kadA hI AtI haiM aura yadi unakA samucita upayoga nahIM hotA to saMgha ke parivAra ko tathA anyAnya logoM ko bahuta bar3e lAbha se vaMcita rahanA par3atA hai|' AcAryazrI ne kahA- 'tuma pATha - saMzodhana ko maulika kArya nahIM mAnate, yaha tumhArI bhUla hai / maiM mAnatA hUM ki zodha kArya kA sabase pramukha - aMga hai mUla pATha kA nirdhAraNa aura yaha kArya pratyeka kara nahIM sktaa| dUsarI bAta hai ki pATha-saMzodhana ke kriyA-kAla meM ye kitane lAbhAnvita hue haiM - use inakI jabAnI hI suno|' munizrI nathamalajI ne kahA- 'pATha - nirdhAraNa meM paurvAparya kA anusaMdhAna atyanta apekSita hotA hai aura yaha tabhI saMbhava hai ki eka-eka zabda para cintana ko kendrita kara usake hArda ko samajhA jaae| isa pravRtti se vicAroM kI spaSTatA, cintana kI gar3hatA aura artha - saMgrahaNa kI

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA praur3hatA bar3hatI hai| maiM ise maulika adhyayana mAnatA hUM aura merA dRr3ha vizvAsa hai ki isake paripArzva meM jo kucha likhA jAegA, vaha maulika hI hogaa|' maiM pUrNataH isa bAta ko nahIM bhI pakar3a sakA, kintu isake pIche jo satya bola rahA thA, use maiM samajhane kA yatna karatA rahA / 6. zodha-kArya meM AnevAlI samasyAeM aura samAdhAna Agama-zodha-kArya ke aneka aMga haiM-mUla-pATha kA saMzodhana, saMskRtachAyA, anuvAda, TippaNa, tulanAtmaka adhyayana, samIkSAtmaka adhyayana, zabdasUcI kA nirmANa aadi-aadi| ina saba kAryoM meM mUla-pATha kA saMzodhana aura nirdhAraNa atyanta mahattvapUrNa kArya hai, kyoMki Agama-zodha-kArya ke dUsare sAre aMga isI para AdhRta haiN| pATha-saMzodhana ke lie prAcIna Adarza upalabdha kie jAte haiM aura eka prati ko mukhya mAnakara kArya Age calatA hai| parantu yaha Azcarya kI bAta hai ki jitane Adarza utane hI paatth-bhed| koI bhI eka prati aisI nahIM milatI jisake sAre pATha samAna rUpa se milate hoM aura yaha sahI hai ki jahAM hAtha se likhA jAe vahAM ekarUpatA ho nahIM sakatI, kyoMki lipidoSa yA bhASA kI ajAnakArI ke kAraNa aneka truTiyAM ho jAtI haiN| prAcIna AdarzoM meM prayukta lipi meM 'tha', 'dha' aura 'ya' meM koI vizeSa antara nahIM hai| isa kAraNa se 'tha' ke sthAna para 'dha' yA 'ya' aura 'ya' ke sthAna para 'dha' yA 'tha' ho jAnA koI asaMbhava bAta nahIM hai| isa saMbhAvyatA ne aneka mahattvapUrNa pAThoM ko badala diyA aura Aja unake sahI rUpoM ko jAnane kA hamAre pAsa koI sAdhana nahIM hai| udAharaNa ke lie 'dhAma' zabda 'thAma' yA 'yAma' bana gyaa| tInoM ke tIna artha hote haiM, pAThaka kisa zabda ko mUla mAnakara artha kareM? saMkSepIkaraNa-Agama-sUtroM ke mUlapAThoM kA saMkSepIkaraNa do kAraNoM se huA hai 1. svayaM racanAkAra dvArA svIkRta saMkSipta zailI ke kaarnn| 2. lipikartAoM dvArA suvidhA ke lie kie gae saMkSepa ke kaarnn| AgamoM meM donoM prakAra ke saMkSepIkaraNa ke udAharaNa milate haiN| ina saMkSepIkaraNoM se aneka kaThinAiyAM bhI utpanna huI haiN| inase artha-saMgrahaNa tathA

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17 zodha-kArya meM AnevAlI samasyAeM aura samAdhAna pratipAdya sahaja gamya nahIM hotaa| saMkSepIkaraNa vizeSataH gadya bhAga meM adhika huA hai aura kahIM-kahIM padya bhAga bhI usase achUte nahIM rahe haiN| racanAkAra dvArA svIkRta saMkSepIkaraNa kA eka udAharaNa maiM prastuta kara rahA huuN| dazavaikAlika sUtra ke AThaveM adhyayana kA chabbIsavAM zloka isa prakAra kaNNasokkhehiM saddehiM, pemaM naabhinivese| dAruNaM kakkasaM phAsaM, kAeNa ahiyAsae / / yahAM pAMca zlokoM kA eka zloka meM samAveza kiyA gayA hai| aisI sthiti meM pAMca zlokoM ko jAne binA, isa zloka-viSayaka aspaSTatA banI rahatI hai| yathArtha meM pAMcoM indriyoM ke pAMcoM viSayoM ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahane kA upadeza ina pAMca zlokoM se abhivyakta hotA hai| kintu zlokoM ke adhikAMza zabdoM kA punarAvartana hone ke kAraNa tathA Adi, anta ke grahaNa se madhyavartI kA grahaNa hotA hai-isa nyAya se racanAkAra ne varNa, zabda aura sparza kA grahaNa kara pAMca zlokoM ke viSaya ko eka hI zloka meM sannihita kara diyaa| cUrNikAra tathA TIkAkAra ne isa viSaya kI kucha sUcanA dI haiM, kintu unhoMne pAMcoM zlokoM kA artha nahIM kiyaa| nizItha cUrNi tathA bRhatkalpabhASya meM Adyanta ke grahaNa se madhya kA grahaNa hotA hai ise samajhAne ke lie isa zloka ko uddhRta kara pAMca zloka dete hue likhA hai he codaga! jahA dasaveyAlite AyArapaNihIe bhaNiyaM-kaNNasokkhehi saddehiM........... ettha siloge AdimaMtaggahaNaM kayaM iharahA u evaM vattavvaM1. kaNNasokkhehiM saddehiM, pemmaM nnaabhinnivese| dAruNaM kakkasaM saI, soeNaM ahiyAsae / / 2. cakkhUkaMtehiM rUvehiM, pemmaM nnaabhinivese| dAruNaM kakkasaM rUvaM, cakkhuNA ahiyAsae / 3. ghANakaMtehiM gaMdhehiM, pemmaM nnaabhinnivese| dAruNaM kakkasaM gadhaM, ghANaNaM ahiyAsae /

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18 4. jIhakaM hiM rasehiM, pemmaM NAbhiNivesa / dAruNaM kakkasaM rasaM, kaMtehiM, jIhAe ahiyAsae / NAbhiNivesa / pemmaM dAruNaM kakkasaM phAsaM, kAraNaM ahiyAsae / evaM rAgadosA, paMcahiM iMdiyavisaehiM gahitA / AdiaMtaggahaNeNaM majjhillA aTTha visayA gahitA bhavaMti / evaM iha vi mahaMtaM suttaM mA bhavautti AdiaMtaggahitA...(nizIthabhASya, cUrNi bhAga 3, pR. 483 ) lipikarttA dvArA kiyA gayA saMkSepIkaraNa kA eka anya udAharaNa maiM prastuta kara rahA hUM / dazavaikAlika sUtra ke pAMcaveM adhyayana ke prathama uddezaka kA tetIsavAM, cautIsavAM zloka isa prakAra hai Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA 5. suhaphAsehiM * evaM udaolle sasiNiddhe, sasarakkhe maTTiyA Use / hariyAle hiMgulae, maNosilA aMjaNe loNe // * geruya vaNNiya seDiya, soraTThiya piTTha kukkusakae ya / ukkaTThamasaMsaTTe, saMsa ceva bodhavve // TIkAkAra ke anusAra ye do gAthAeM haiN| cUrNi meM inake sthAna para sattaraha zloka haiN| TIkAbhimata gAthAoM meM 'evaM' aura 'bodhavvaM' - ye do zabda jo haiM ve isa bAta ke sUcaka haiM ki ye saMgraha - gAthAeM haiN| jAna par3atA hai ki pahale ye zloka bhinna-bhinna the, phira bAda meM saMkSepIkaraNa kI dRSTi se unakA thor3e meM saMgrahaNa kara liyA gayA / yaha kaba aura kisane kiyA? isakI nizcita jAnakArI hameM nahIM hai / isake bAre meM itanA hI anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki yaha saMkSepIkaraNa cUrNi aura TIkA ke nirmANa kA madhyavartI hai aura lipikAroM ne apanI suvidhA ke lie aisA kiyA hai / agastyasiMha kI cUrNi meM ve sattaraha gAthAeM isa prakAra haiM udaolleNa hattheNa, davvIe bhAyaNeNa vA / deMtiyaM paDiyAikkhe, na me kappai tArisaM / / isI prakAra 'sasiNiddheNa hattheNa' Adi-Adi pUrI gAthAeM vahAM uddhRta haiN| saMkSepIkaraNa kA eka aura udAharaNa maiM Apake samakSa prastuta karatA hUM / yaha saMkSepIkaraNa bahuta hI vicitra rUpa se huA hai| isameM 'jAva', 'evaM' Adi

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pATha-parivartana tathA artha-vismRti saMgrAhaka zabda bhI nahIM haiN| ataH pAThaka saMkSepa ko pakar3a pAne meM asamartha hI rahatA hai| jaba taka sUtra-pAThoM se paurvAparya kA jJAna nahIM hotA, aise pATha bahuta bhrama paidA kara dete haiN| AcArAMga sUtra ke AThaveM adhyayana ke dUsare uddezaka meM eka pATha hai 'se bhikkhU parakkamejja vA, cidvejja vA, NisIejja vA, tuyaDejja vA, susANaMsi vA, sunnAgAraMsi vA, giriguhaMsi vA, rukkhamUlaMsi vA, kuMbhArAyataNaMsi vA....' (AcA. 8 / 2 / 21) / arthAt vaha bhikSu zmazAna, zUnyagRha, giri-guphA, vRkSamUla, athavA kumbhakAra-Ayatana meM jAe, Thahare, baiThe, soe Adi-Adi......isa pATha meM prayukta 'kuMbhArAyataNaMsi' (saM. kumbhakArAyatane) zabda vimarzanIya hai| zmazAna Adi kA ullekha karate-karate kevala kumbhakAra-Ayatana kI bAta sahaja samajha meM nahIM aatii| yaha zabda zmazAna Adi cAra zabdoM se vilaga par3a jAtA hai| saMbhava hai yahAM kumbhakAra-Ayatana ke sAtha-sAtha anya-anya AyatanoM kA bhI ullekha rahA ho| yaha tathya AcArAMga cUrNi kI arthaparamparA se spaSTa parilakSita hotA hai| kintu TIkAkAla meM ve sAre zabda chUTa jAte haiM aura TIkAkAra kevala 'kuMbhArAyataNaMsi' kA artha kara chor3a dete haiN| saMkSepIkaraNa ke kAraNa pahale yahAM 'jAva' zabda kA prayoga rahA hogaa| kintu Age calakara vaha bhI chUTa gayA aura binA 'jAva' vAlI prati se TIkAkAra ne TIkA likhI hogii| isa bhUla ke kAraNa Aja usa pATha meM kevala 'kuMbhArAyataNaMsi vA' raha gayA aura zeSa pATha chUTa gyaa| zeSa pATha ke abhAva meM isa eka zabda kA yahAM koI vizeSa artha nahIM raha jaataa| 7. pATha-parivartana tathA artha-vismRti pATha-parivartanoM kA mukhya hetu lipi hai| lipi parivartita hotI rahatI hai| yaha parivartana lipikartA ke samakSa eka samasyA paidA karatA hai| lipi ko pUrNarUpa se na jAnane ke kAraNa anumAna kA sahArA lekara kaI zabda likha die jAte haiN| likhane meM pramAda bhI ho sakatA hai| pratilipi karane vAle sabake saba vidvAn nahIM hote| ina sabhI kAraNoM se pATha-parivartanoM kI eka lambI zrRMkhalA cala par3atI hai|

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA 1. (ka) dazavaikAlika sUtra ke dazaveM adhyayana meM caudahaveM zloka kA antima caraNa hai-'tave rae sAmaNie je sa bhikkhuu'| isakA artha kiyA gayA hai-'jo zramaNasaMbaMdhI tapa meM rata hai, vaha bhikSu hai|' sabhI pratiyoM meM prAyaH yahI pATha milatA hai, kintu yahAM 'tave' ke sthAna para 'bhave' pATha honA caahie| taba isakA caraNa hogA 'bhave rae sAmaNie je sa bhikkhuu|' jo zrAmaNya meM rata rahatA hai, vaha bhikSu hai| yaha sahaja artha hai| pahale vAle vAkya meM zrAmaNya ko tapa kA vizeSaNa mAnA hai, para vaha vizeSa arthavAn nahIM lgtaa| prAcIna lipi meM 'bha' aura 'ta' ke likhane meM bahuta hI kama antara rahatA thaa| lipi-doSa ke kAraNa yaha varNa-viparyaya huA hai| artha kA mUla meM praveza (kha) nizItha sUtra ke nauveM uddezaka ke chaThe satra meM aneka prakAra ke 'bhatta' ginAe gae haiN| unameM 'pAhuNabhatta' bhI eka hai| yaha zabda vimarzanIya hai| cUrNi ke adhyayana se patA lagatA hai ki cUrNikAra ke sAmane 'Adezabhatta' pATha rahA aura unhoMne usakA artha karate hae likhA hai-'raNNo koti pAhuNNo Agato tassa bhattaM aadeshbhttN|' yahAM cUrNikAra ne 'pAhuNagabhatta' ko Adezabhatta kA artha mAnA hai| kAlAntara meM yaha artha hI mUla pATha bana gayA aura jo mUla thA, vaha vismRta ho gyaa| 2. uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM bAvIsaveM adhyayana kA caubIsavAM zloka isa prakAra hai aha se sugaMdhagaMdhie, turiyaM muykuNcie| sayameva lucaI kese paMcamuTThIhiM smaahio|| yahAM AyA huA 'paMcamuTThIhiM' zabda vimarzanIya hai| vAstava meM yaha pATha 'paMcaTThAhiM' thaa| 'aTThA kA artha hai-musstti| paMca aTTA arthAt pNcmusstti| paMcama zabda aparicita thaa| bRhavRttikAra ne 'paMcaTTAhiM' pATha mAnakara usakA artha 'paMcamuSTi' kiyA hai| kAlAntara meM yaha vyAkhyAta artha hI mUla pATha bana gyaa| 3. prAcIna kAla meM AgamoM ke sAtha-sAtha vyAkhyAeM bhI kaMThastha rakhI jAtI thiiN| calate-calate kAlAntara meM ve vyAkhyAeM hI mUla-pATha ke sAtha jur3a giiN| isakA spaSTa udAharaNa hameM dazavaikAlika sUtra para upalabdha prAcIna

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pATha-parivartana tathA artha-vismRti cUrNi meM milatA hai| isake racayitA agastyasiMha sthavira haiM aura unakA kAlamAna vi. kI tIsarI yA pAMcavIM zatAbdI hai| vartamAna meM upalabdha dazavaikAlika sUtra kI hastalikhita pratiyoM meM caturtha adhyayana meM eka pATha isa prakAra hai-'je ya kIyaDapayaMgA jA ya kuMthu pivIliyA savve beiMdiyA savve teiMdiyA savve cauridiyA savve paMceMdiyA, savve devaa....|' ___ agastyasiMha sthavira ke anusAra yaha pATha isa prakAra hai-'je ya kIDapayaMgA jA ya kuMthupivIliyA, savve devaa....|' cUrNikAra ne likhA hai ki yahAM 'dvI' dvIndriya jAti kA pratIka hai, isalie usake dvArA dvIndriya jAti kA grahaNa kara lenA caahie| isI prakAra 'payaMga' 'kuMthu' 'pivIliyA' bhI apanI-apanI jAti ke saMgrAhaka zabda haiN| inase bhI usa-usa jAti kA grahaNa kara lenA caahie| 'savve beiMdiyA, savve teiMdiyA, savve cauridiyA, savve paMceMdiyA' ye vyAkhyA ke zabda the| Age calakara ye zabda mUla pATha meM A gae, isIlie TIkAkAroM ne unheM mUla mAnakara unakI vyAkhyA likhii| 4. dazavaikAlika sUtra ke chaThe adhyayana ke sAtaveM zloka meM muni ko aTThAraha sthAnoM ke varjana kA nirdeza diyA gayA hai dasa aTTha ya ThANAiM, jAI baalo'vrjjhii| tattha annayare ThANe, niggaMthattAo bhssii| isa zloka meM kevala yaha nirdeza hai ki sAdhaka aTThAraha sthAnoM kA varjana kare, anyathA vaha nirgranthitA se bhraSTa ho jAtA hai| parantu yahAM yaha nahIM batAyA gayA ki ve aTThAraha sthAna kauna-kauna se haiM? hAlAMki aTThAraha sthAnoM ke vidhiniSedha ke hetuoM kA agale zlokoM meM spaSTa ullekha hai| niyuktikAra ne ina aTThAraha sthAnoM kA saMgraha kara eka zloka kI racanA isa prakAra kI hai vayachakkaM kAyachakkaM, akappo gihibhaaynnN| paliyaMka nisejjA ya, siNANaM sohavajjaNaM / / yaha zloka prAraMbha meM vyAkhyA ke rUpa meM pracalita rahA hogA, kintu kAlAntara meM yaha mUla meM praveza pA gayA aura Aja prAyaH pratiyoM meM yaha mUla pATha ke sAtha likhA huA milatA hai| vi. kI AThavIM zatAbdI ke prasiddha

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA TIkAkAra haribhadrasUri ka samaya taka yaha niyuktikAra ke zloka ke rUpa meM prasiddha rahA thaa| isakA spaSTa ullekha svayaM TIkAkAra ne 'niyuktikAra Aha'-aisA likha kara kiyA hai| kintu bAda meM 'niyuktikAra Aha' yaha chUTa gayA aura yaha zloka mUla-pATha ke sAtha par3hA jAne lgaa| isa prakAra vyAkhyAoM ke sammizraNa se mUla-pAThoM meM aneka parivartana hue haiN| artha-vismRti ___ aupapAtika ke chattIsaveM sUtra meM kAya-kleza ke aneka prakAra batAe haiM-ThANadviie tthaannaaie....| navAMgI TIkAkAra abhayadevasUri ne isa para TIkA karate hue 'ThANaTThiie' ko mUla pATha mAnakara 'ThANAie' ko pAThAntara mAnA hai| unhoMne isa zabda kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra kI hai-'ThANaTThiie' tti sthAnaM-kAyotsargastena sthitiH-sa sthaansthitikH| pAThAntareNa 'ThANAie' tti sthAnaM-kAyotsargastamatigacchati karotIti sthaanaatigH|' (patra 75) / __ lagatA hai yahAM mUla zabda tathA usakI bhAvanA TIkAkAra ke sAmane aspaSTa rahI hai| vAstava meM yahAM para 'ThANAie' pATha kA aura usakA saMskRta rUpAntara 'sthAnAdikaH' hotA hai, 'sthAnAtiga' nhiiN| sthAna Adi-isa Adi zabda se sUtrakAra kAyotsarga ke prakAroM kI sUcanA dete haiN| kAyotsarga tIna prakAra kA hotA hai-1. utthita kAyotsarga, 2. niSanna kAyotsarga aura 3. zayita kAyotsarga-ye tInoM prakAra jaina-yoga sAdhanA meM pracalita rahe haiN| parantu TIkAkAra ne isa bhAvanA ko grahaNa na kara 'ThANAie' kA artha kAyotsarga karane vAlA mAtra kiyA hai, jo ki mUla bhAvanA se bahuta dUra jA par3atA hai| 8. AgamapATha-zodhana : kucha mImAMsya sthala yaha vi. saM. 2012 kI bAta hai| AcAryazrI tulasI kA caturmAsa ujjaina meM thaa| vahAM 'Agama-koza' ke nirmANa kArya se Agama-sampAdana kA kArya prAraMbha huaa| Aja isa kArya ko prAraMbha kie caudaha varSa pUre ho rahe haiN| isa avadhi meM AcAryazrI ne lagabhaga bIsa hajAra mIla kI yAtrAeM kara uttara meM baMgAla, dakSiNa meM kanyAkumArI tathA madhyavartI kSetroM kA sparzana kiyA hai| ina

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AgamapATha - zodhana : kucha mImAMsya sthala 23 tIna varSoM meM dakSiNa ke cAroM prAnta tamilanADu, kerala, karnATaka tathA AMdhra kI yAtrAeM kara yahAM kI saMskRti aura jaina dharma ke prAcIna avazeSoM kA adhyayana kiyA hai| hameM aisA lagA ki eka samaya dakSiNa bhArata jaina dharma kA pramukha kendra rahA thA aura usa dharma ne yahAM ke sAmAjika, rAjanaitika aura sAMskRtika jIvana ko prabhAvita hI nahIM, usakA suvyavasthita nirmANa bhI kiyA thA / kintu atyanta kheda ke sAtha kahanA par3atA hai ki Aja ina dakSiNI prAntoM meM jaina dharma kA astitva nahIM ke samAna hai / yatra-tatra kucha hajAra loga rahate haiM, kintu unakA koI ullekhanIya sthAna nahIM hai / 1 hama yahAM bahuta ghUme, kintu kahIM bhI hameM zvetAmbarIya Agama dekhane ko nahIM mile| yahAM digambara graMthoM ke aneka bhAMDAgAra haiN| para ve prAyaH upekSita se par3e haiN| sthAnIya loga itane samRddha nahIM haiM ki ve inakI samucita dekha-rekha kara skeN| AvazyakatA hai sabhI jaina isa ora dhyAna deM aura digambara tathA zvetAmbara bheda-bhAva ko bhulAkara yahAM kucha kArya kareM / Agama-sampAdana ke aMtargata aba taka bAraha graMtha prakAzita ho cuke haiM aura vidvAnoM ne unakI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA kI hai| Adhunika sampAdana kI sArI vidhAoM se samRddha ina AgamoM kA prakAzana jaina jagat ke lie gaurava kA viSaya to hai hI, sAtha - sAtha ajaina vidvAnoM ke lie bhI zodha kI atula sAmagrI prastuta karatA hai / Agama-saMpAdana ke aneka aMga haiM / unameM pATha-saMzodhana kA pramukha sthAna hai| jaba taka pATha kA nirdhAraNa nahIM hotA taba taka anuvAda yA TippaNa kA kArya bhI pUrA nahIM ho sakatA / pATha-sampAdana kI aneka kaThinAiyAM haiN| kevala prAcIna AdarzoM ke AdhAra para pAThoM kA nirdhAraNa pUrNa nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| jitane Adarza haiM, utane hI pATha-bheda haiM, ataH jo pATha aneka pratiyoM meM samAna rUpa se milate haiM, unheM hI ucita mAna lenA saMgata nahIM lgtaa| kyoMki prAcIna AdarzoM meM kahIM-kahIM mUla pATha itane asta-vyasta ho gae haiM ki unakA artha-mImAMsA yA paurvAparya dekhe binA kisI eka nizcaya para nahIM pahuMcA jA sktaa| isalie pATha - sampAdana ke viSaya meM hamArA abhimata hai ki kisI eka hI Adarza, vyAkhyA yA kisI bhI vidhA para ekAMgI rUpa se nirbhara nahIM rahA jA sakatA / sabake samaveta upayoga se hI satya ke nikaTa pahuMcA jA sakatA hai|

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24 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA pATha-saMpAdana meM utpanna kaThinAiyoM ke do kAraNa haiM1. lipi-parivartana aura 2. sNkssepiikrnn| lipi sadA eka sI nahIM rhtii| samaya-samaya para usameM parivartana hotA rahatA hai| brAhmI lipi se calakara Aja hama devanAgarI taka pahuMca gae haiN| tADapatrIya patroM meM jo lipi hai, vaha kAgajoM para likhI lipi se bhinna hai| ___ prAcIna kAla meM 'va' 'gha' 'ca' 'cha' 'tha' Adi akSaroM meM bahuta antara thaa| sAre lipikAra isa antara ko samajhane vAle nahIM hote the| ataH lipi ko na samajhane ke kAraNa pAThoM meM antara AtA gyaa| TIkAkAra taka Ate-Ate aneka pAThoM meM bahuta bheda A gyaa| ___ samAna pAThoM ko saMkSepa meM likhane kI ruci se bhI unameM antara AyA hai| saMkSepIkaraNa kA eka rUpa na hone ke kAraNa kahIM kucha aura kahIM kucha pATha likha die gae haiN| 'jAva' zabda saMkSepIkaraNa kA vAhaka hai, parantu ekarUpatA na rahane ke kAraNa kahIM do zabda adhika aura kahIM do zabda nyUna gRhIta hue haiN| inase bhI pAThoM meM antara AyA hai| ina samasyAoM kA samAdhAna karane ke lie pAThasaMpAdana meM hamane kaI dRSTiyoM kA Alambana liyA hai 1. punarAvRtta hone vAle pAThoM kA eka dUsare se milAna / 2. vyAkhyA-graMthoM ke AdhAra para pATha-nirdhAraNa / 3. artha-mImAMsA ke AdhAra para paatth-nirdhaarnn| 4. prAcIna AdarzoM ke AdhAra para pATha-nirdhAraNa / 5. anyAnya AgamoM ke AdhAra para pATha-nirdhAraNa / inameM jo jahAM ucita lagatA hai, vahAM usakA upayoga kiyA jAtA hai| kahIM-kahIM eka se jyAdA kA Alambana liyA jAtA hai| prakAzita AgamoM meM mUlapATha vAle saMskaraNoM kA sUkSma adhyayana karane para pATha-sampAdana kA mahattva svataH jJAta ho jaaegaa| __ prastuta nibaMdha meM maiM jJAtAdharmakathA ke mUla pATha ke sampAdana meM AI huI kucheka kaThinAiyoM tathA unake samAdhAnoM kA vivaraNa prastuta karanA caahuuNgaa| abhI hamArI AMdhra pradeza kI yAtrA sampanna ho rahI hai aura hama ur3IsA tathA madhyapradeza kI yAtrA ke lie kRtasaMkalpa haiN| isa yAtrA meM chaThe aMga 'jJAtAdharmakathA' kA sampAdana prAraMbha kiyA hai| hamAre Agama-kArya ke vAcanA

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AgamapATha-zodhana : kucha mImAMsya sthala pramukha AcAryazrI tulasI haiM aura sampAdaka tathA vivecaka munizrI nathamalajI haiN| pATha-sampAdana meM sahayogI haiM-1. muni sumeramalajI 'sudarzana', 2. muni madhukarajI aura 3. muni hiiraalaaljii| muni bAlacaMdajI bhI kArya meM saMlagna haiN| prastuta sUtra ke sampAdana ke lie hamane cAra prAcIna Adarza svIkRta kie haiN| unakA saMkSipta vivaraNa isa prakAra hai 1. tADapatrIya prati-lagabhaga 13vIM shtaabdii| 2. paMcapAThI-lagabhaga 15-16vIM shtaabdii| 3. paMcapAThI lagabhaga 16vIM shtaabdii| 4. Tabbe kI prti| lipi ke kAraNa pAThoM meM antara 1. rAjagRha kA nivAsI dhana sArthavAha kA varNana jJAtAdharmakathA ke dUsare adhyayana meM huA hai| (2 / 71) sUtra meM dhana jaba sthavira bhagavAn ke darzana karane ke lie socatA hai, vahAM prAyaH sabhI pratiyoM meM aisA pATha hai-'taM icchAmi NaM there bhagavaMte vaMdAmi nmsaami........'| yahAM 'icchAmi' zabda Alocya hai| yahAM 'icchAmi' zabda vAkya-racanA kI dRSTi se upayukta nahIM hai| yadi 'icchAmi' zabda rakhA jAe to Age kA pATha hogA.......bhagavaMte vaMdiuM nmNsiuN| kintu aisA pATha upalabdha nahIM hai| anya AgamoM meM bhI isI prakAra ke prakaraNa Ae haiM aura unakI samIkSA karane para 'icchAmi' ke sthAna para 'gacchAmi' pATha upayukta lagatA hai| 'gacchAmi' mAna lene para Age ke pAThoM meM parivartana apekSita nahIM rhtaa| saMbhava hai lipidoSa ke kAraNa 'gacchAmi' ke sthAna para 'icchAmi' bana gayA aura vahI pATha uttarottara AdarzoM meM saMkrAMta hotA gyaa| ___ isI ke Age 'evaM saMpehei, saMpehittA' pATha honA caahie| vaha bhI AdarzoM meM nahIM miltaa| saMbhava hai kAla ke vyavadhAna se yaha pATha lipikartAoM ne chor3a diyaa| upAsakadazA sUtra (1 / 20) meM yaha pUrA pATha upalabdha hotA hai| vaha isa prakAra hai-'taM gacchAmi NaM devANuppiyA! samaNaM bhagavaM mahAvIraM vaMdAmi NamaMsAmi sakkAremi sammAmi kallANaM maMgalaM devayaM ceiyaM pajjuvAsAmi-evaM saMpehei, saMpehittA bhaae........|

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26 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA isI sUtra ke jJAtAdharmakathA (3 / 5) meM 'saMciTThamANI viharai' pATha hai| vRtti meM 'saMvidvemANI' mAnakara vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| vAstava meM yahI pATha ucita lagatA hai, kyoMki prastuta sUtra meM mayUrI aMDoM kA prasava kara apanI pAMkhoM se unako saMveSTita (saMviTThamANI) kara baiThI hai| yahAM yahI Azaya yathArtha lagatA hai| lipi meM 'va' aura 'ca' ke likhane meM bahuta kama aMtara rahatA hai| ataH lipidoSa ke kAraNa 'va' ke sthAna para 'ca' ho gayA aisA lagatA hai| ____ isI jJAtAdharmakathA (2 / 65) meM dhana apanI patnI se kahatA hai-'maiM jo AhAra kA saMvibhAga de rahA hUM vaha dharma yA tapa Adi mAnakara nahIM, kintu zarIra-ciMtA meM sahayoga mila sake, isalie de rahA huuN|' isa sUtra meM saMvibhAga kisako diyA, isakA ullekha nahIM hai| isI adhyAya ke pacahattara- sUtra meM 'jAva vijayassa takkarassa tAo vipulAo' yaha pATha hai| usakI pUrti prastuta sUtra se hI hotI hai| isase yaha sahaja anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki yahAM 'vijayassa takkarassa'-aisA pATha honA hI caahie| prastuta sUtra ke (2 / 11) meM 'vijae nAmaM takkare hotthA pAvacaMDAlarUve.... giddheva Amisatallicche aggimiva savvabhakkhI.....' aisA pATha hai| isI adhyAya ke tetIsaveM sUtra meM yaha pATha saMkSipta hokara-'takkare jAva giddheva AmisabhakkhI'-aisA ho gyaa| prAyaH pratiyoM meM aisA hI ullekha milatA 'Amisatallicche aggimiva savvabhakkhI' ke sthAna para 'AmisabhakkhI' mAtra raha gyaa| isase artha bhI spaSTa nahIM ho paataa| jaba pUrva pATha ke saMdarbha meM isako jAMcA gayA taba yaha spaSTa ho gayA ki yahAM pATha chUTa gayA hai| yaha saMkSepIkaraNa hI truTi hai| saMkSepa meM yaha pATha yadi aisA hotA 'takkare jAva bhakkhI' to sArI samasyA hala ho jaatii| isa prakAra pATha-saMzodhana meM punarAvRtta hone vAle pAThoM kI sUkSma jAMca karanA atyanta Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| anyathA pAThoM kI ekarUpatA nahIM raha pAtI aura kahIM-kahIM artha kA anartha bhI ho jAtA hai| (2 / 33) meM 'layApahAre ya chivApahAre ya' yaha pATha sabhI pratiyoM meM isI rUpa se milatA hai| yahI pATha isI sUtra meM Age 'chivApahAre ya layApahAre ya' aisA hai| anyatra bhI yaha pATha isI rUpa se AyA hai| ataH yahAM (2 / 33) bhI yaha

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Agama ke kucha vimarzanIya zabda isI prakAra honA cAhie / isakA anusaMdhAna 'jAva' zabda se kiyA gayA hai| (2 / 29) meM 'royamANe kaMdamANe' ke Age 'vilavamANe' zabda nahIM hai / ( 2 / 34 ) meM 'royamANe jAva vilavamANe' hai| isake AdhAra para yahAM bhI 'vilavamANe' pATha caahie| kyoMki yaha 'jAva' zabda ke dvArA anubaddha hai / 27 pATha ke nirdhAraNa meM artha - mImAMsA kA bhI bahuta bar3A prayojana hai / 1. prAyaH sabhI pratiyoM meM (2 / 17 ) ke anta kA pATha - 'samANI jAva viharita' hai / artha kI dRSTi se yahAM 'viharitae' pATha samucita nahIM lagatA, kyoMki yahAM dohada pUrti kA prasaMga hai / ataH yahAM 'dohalaM viNittae' pATha cAhie / 2. (2 / 51) meM prAyaH pratiyoM meM 'vijae dhaNeNa satthavAheNa saddhiM egaMte avakkamai, uccArapAsavaNaM pariTThavei' aisA pATha hai / isakA artha hotA hai - vijaya dhana sArthavAha ke sAtha ekAMta meM gayA aura malamUtra kA tyAga kiyaa| hamane socA yahAM pATha meM viparyaya hai / yahAM isa Azaya kA pATha honA cAhie ki dhana sArthavAha ko mala-mUtra ke tyAga kI AvazyakatA hotI hai aura vaha vijaya taskara ke sAtha bAhara jAtA hai / isa dRSTi se yahAM pATha hogA - ' dhaNe satthavAhe vijaeNa takkareNa saddhiM egaMte avakkamai, uccArapAsavaNaM paridvavei / ' tADapatrIya Adi sabhI pratiyoM meM aisA pATha nahIM milA, parantu Tabbe kI prati meM yaha pATha upalabdha huA aura hamane jo socA vaha ThIka niklaa| tIsare adhyAya ke pAMcaveM sUtra meM 'piTThapiMDI' pATha kucha pratiyoM meM milatA hai| yahAM isake sthAna para 'piTTaMDI' pATha caahie| mUla pATha thA- - 'piTThauMDI' / vRttikAra ne uMDI kA artha piMDI kiyA / yaha vAkyAMza (piMDI) mUla meM saMkrAnta ho gayA / isa prakAra AgamoM ke aneka sthala aise haiM jahAM mUla ke sAtha vyAkhyAMza jur3a gayA hai| isako pRthak kara mUlapATha kA nirdhAraNa karanA bahuta Avazyaka hai / 9. Agama ke kucha vimarzanIya zabda mUla AgamoM meM aise aneka zabda haiM jo vibhinna dRSTiyoM se vimarzanIya haiN| maiM kucha eka zabdoM kA nirdeza tathA usakA yathAsaMbhava samAdhAna prastuta kara rahA hUM /

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Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA 28 1. kasAyavasaNehi yaha zabda prathama sUtrakRtAMga sUtra ( 3 / 15) ke zloka meM AyA hai| vaha zloka isa prakAra hai appege paliyataMsi, cAro coro tti suvvayaM / baMdhaMti bhikkhuyaM bAlA, kasAyavasaNehi ya / / cUrNikAra ne yahAM 'kasAyavasaNehi' zabda mAnakara usakI vyAkhyA isa prakAra kI hai 'kasAyavasaNehi ya' tti tatpuruSaH samAsaH dvandvo vA'yam, sabhAvataH kecit sAdhUn dRSTvA kasAijjaMti, vasaNaM kesiMci bhavati, kappaDigA pAsaMDiyA vA hoMti, nnccaaveNti|' (cUrNi pR. 105) arthAt kaI vyakti sAdhuoM ko dekhakara krodhita ho jAte haiM to kaI vyakti unheM dekhakara kaSTa kA anubhava karate haiN| kaI unako kArpaTika yA pASaMDika mAnate haiM, kaI unako nacAte haiM / TIkAkAra ne 'kasAyavayaNehi' zabda mAnakara usakA artha - krodhapradhAna kaTukavacanoM se kiyA hai- 'krodhapradhAnakaTukavacanaiH / ' lagatA hai cUrNikAra dvArA svIkRta pATha mUla - paramparA kA saMvAhaka hai / isa 'kasAyavasaNehi' zabda se eka prAcIna paramparA kA spaSTa saMketa milatA hai / prAcInakAla meM guptacara, jo eka rAjya se jAkara dUsare rAjya meM rahasya saMkalana karate the, unheM tathA coroM ko kaThora daNDa diyA jAtA thA aura unheM lAla vastra pahanAkara ghumAyA jAtA thA / jaba bhikSu anArya dezoM meM jAte, taba vahAM ke rAjyAdhikArI unheM guptacara samajha kara pakar3a lete aura unheM lAla vastra se bAMdha dete the / isa zloka ke aMtima do caraNa isI paramparA kI ora saMketa karate haiM / dUsarI bAta hai ki 'baMdhaMti' kriyA 'kasAyavasaNehi ya' ke sAtha ucita baiThatI hai, 'kasAyavayaNehi' ke sAtha nahIM / 'kasAyavasaNehi' zabda Ate-Ate TIkAkAla meM 'kasAyavayaNa' bana gayA aura isa prAcIna paramparA kA artha-bodha lupta ho gayA / 2. dar3hadhamma aura mahAraha prathama sUtrakRtAMga sUtra ke tRtIya adhyayana ke prathama uddezaka ke pahale zloka ke uttarArdha meM do zabda Ae haiM- 'daDhadhammA' aura 'mahAraha' / sampUrNa zloka isa prakAra hai

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Agama ke kucha vimarzanIya zabda sUraM maNNai appANaM, jAva jeyaM na pssii| jujjhaMtaM daDhadhammA(nA?)NaM, sisupAlo va mahArahaM / / cUrNikAra kI vyAkhyA ke anusAra lagatA hai ki unake sAmane 'daDhadhannANaM' (saM. dRr3hadhanvAnam) pATha rahA hai| kyoMki unhoMne isakA artha 'dRr3ha dhanuSya vAlA' kiyA hai-'dRDhaM' dhanuryasya sa bhavati dRr3hadhanvA tm|' lipi-doSa yA anya kisI kAraNa se TIkAkAla meM 'daDhadhammANaM' ho gyaa| prasaMga zizupAla kA hai aura yaha eka vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM prayukta huA hai| TIkAkAra ne isakA artha isa prakAra kiyA hai-dRDhaH-samartho dharmaH-svabhAvaH saMgrAmAbhaMgarUpo yasya sa tathA tam' saMgrAma meM avicalita svbhaavvaalaa| prasaMga aura paurvAparya kI dRSTi se cUrNikAra kA svIkRta pATha ucita lagatA isa zloka kA dUsarA vimarzanIya zabda 'mahAraha' hai| TIkAkAra ne isakA artha-mahAn ratho'syeti mahArathaH-'mahAn ratha vAlA' kiyA hai| cUrNikAra ne 'mahAraha' kA artha-medhAratha kesava kiyA hai-maghAratho kesvo| 'mahAraha' zabda kA sAmAnyataH pracalita artha mahAn ratha vAlA hotA hai, kintu prastuta prasaMga meM yaha sAmAnya arthavAcI na rahakara vizeSa artha kA dyotaka honA caahie| yahAM mukhyarUpa se 'zizupAla' kA prasaMga prApta hai aura usameM usake pratipakSI ke rUpa meM 'mahAratha' se kRSNa kA artha grahaNa honA caahie| isa prasaMga meM pUre caraNa kA artha yoM hogA jaba taka zizupAla dRDha dhanuSadhArI, yuddha karate hue kRSNa ko nahIM dekha letaa........| __paMDita becaradAsajI ne 'mahAraha' zabda kI mImAMsA zrIratnamuni smRti graMtha (pR. 101-102) para kI hai aura use 'kRSNa' kA vAcaka mAnA hai aura usake samarthana meM zizupAla vadha (3 / 22) tathA mallinAtha kI TIkA kI ora bhI saMketa kiyA hai| parantu unhoMne cUrNi kA koI saMketa nahIM diyaa| yadyapi cUrNikAra ne 'mahAratha' se kesava artha grahaNa kiyA hai| parantu mahAratha kA artha kesava kaise hotA hai? isakA koI samAdhAna prApta nahIM hai| yadyapi mUla pATha ko (maghAraha) mAneM to bhI maghA kA artha 'mahAmegha' hotA hai aura mahAmegha ratha hai jisakA vaha maghAratha hotA hai arthAt 'indr'| kRSNa ke paryAyavAcI nAmoM kA ullekha karate

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30 Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA hue kalikAlasarvajJa hemacandrAcArya abhidhAnacintAmaNi koSa ( 2 / 128) meM 'indrAnujaH' 'upendraH' Adi zabda to dete haiM kintu indra yA maghAratha nahIM / yadi hama 'mahAraha' kA eka vizeSaNamAtra mAnakara caleM to bhI eka dUsarI vidhi se hameM samAdhAna mila jAtA hai / kRSNa kA eka nAma 'sudhanvA'" bhI hai| 'sudhanvA' aura 'dRDhadhanvA' zabda ke nirukta meM antara ho sakatA hai, kintu mUla tAtparyArtha meM koI antara nahIM ho sakatA / ataH hama 'dRDhadhanvA' kRSNa kA vAcaka mAnakara 'jujjhataM' tathA 'mahAraha' ko vizeSaNa mAneM to bhI koI Apatti nahIM aatii| 10. dakSiNa yAtrA aura Agama - sampAdana vi. saM. 2023 kA maryAdA - mahotsava bIdAsara meM thA / vibhinna prAntoM ke hajAroM nara-nArI upasthita the / sudUra dakSiNa prAnta ke bhAI - bahana bhI 'dakSiNa' kI prArthanA lekara pahuMca gae the / AcAryazrI ne unakI prArthanA sunii| dUsare dUsare prAntoM ke logoM ne bhI dakSiNa-yAtrA kA samarthana kiyaa| usa dina sArA vAtAvaraNa dakSiNa- - yAtrAmaya ho rahA thA / saba yahI kaha rahe the- 'AcAryazrI ne apane AcArya-kAla meM aneka prAntoM meM vicaraNa kiyA hai| kevala dakSiNa bhAga hI AcAryazrI ke caraNa-sparza se achUtA rahA hai / avasthA bhI bar3ha rahI hai / ataH dakSiNa - yAtrA jitanI jaldI ho jAe utanA hI acchA hai|' dakSiNavAsiyoM kI prArthanA ke zabdoM ke sAtha ye zabda bhI mila gae / prArthanA balavatI huii| AcAryazrI ne dakSiNa-yAtrA kI ghoSaNA kara dI / sArA vAtAvaraNa praphullita ho uThA / yAtrA ke nirNaya ke sAtha-sAtha AcAryazrI ne kahA - 'yAtrA bahuta lambI hai / jo sAhitya- kArya hamane prArambha kara rakhA hai usameM zaithilya na Ae isakA bhI hameM dhyAna rakhanA hai| sabhI sAhityika kAryoM meM 'Agama sampAdana' kA kArya pradhAna hai| use hama sadA pradhAnatA dete rahe haiM aura Age bhI usa kArya meM tIvratA Ae, yaha apekSita hai| maiM mAnatA hUM ki eka ora sudUra dakSiNa kI yAtrA hai aura dUsarI ora 'Agama- sampAdana kA bRhattara kaary| donoM kI do dizAeM haiN| yAtrA 1. abhidhAnacintAmaNikoza, zeSastha, pR. 62, lA. 27 /

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dakSiNa yAtrA aura Agama- sampAdana 31 gati-sApekSa hai aura Agama- sampAdana- kArya sthiti - sApekSa / kintu hameM gati meM sthiti aura sthiti meM gati ko banAe rakhakara calanA hai|' bIdAsara se hama jodhapura kI ora cale / yAtrA meM Agama-saMbaMdhI kauna-se -sAdhvI kArya karane haiM, unakA nizcaya huA aura tadanusAra sAre kAryakarttA sAdhu-sa unameM juTa ge| prAtaH ATha-dasa mIla kA vihAra kara AcAryazrI kisI gAMva meM vizrAma lete| usa samaya kucha pravacana kara 'uttarAdhyayana ke samIkSAtmaka adhyayana' kA punaH avalokana karate / AhAra aura vizrAma se zIghra hI nivRtta ho, pAThasaMzodhana meM laga jaate| Agama- sampAdana kArya ke pradhAna sampAdaka nikAya saciva munizrI nathamalajI (AcArya mahAprajJa) tathA unake sahayogI santa bhI pATha-saMzodhana meM laga jaate| lagabhaga do ghaMToM kA samaya isameM lagatA / isa yAtrA meM rAyapraznIya tathA aupapAtika sUtroM ke nirdhArita pATha kA punaH avalokana kiyA gyaa| inakA pATha - nirdhAraNa kaI varSoM pUrva ho cukA thA, kintu usa samaya 'jAva' Adi saMkSipta-sthaloM kI pUrti nahIM kI gaI thii| isa bAra saba pUraka aMza yathAsthAna niyojita kara die ge| bIdAsara - caturmAsa meM bhagavatI sUtra ke pATha - saMzodhana kA kArya prArambha kiyA thA / kintu bhagavatI ke aneka sthaloM meM rAyapraznIya, aupapAtika, prajJApanA Adi -Adi sUtroM kI 'bholAvaNa' 'jAva' Adi ke dvArA dI gaI / ataH hamane mUla bhagavatI ke pATha - saMzodhana kA kArya sthagita kara pUraka sUtroM kA pATha saMzodhana prAraMbha kiyA / Aja ke vidvAnoM kI yaha sAmAnya dhAraNA hai ki bauddha sAhitya jitanA vizAla aura sarasa hai utanA jaina sAhitya nahIM hai / yaha dhAraNA kucha dRSTi se ThIka bhI hai| Aja taka jitane bhI mUla pATha ke saMskaraNa prastuta hue haiM, ve pratyeka Agama ko pUrNarUpa se prakaTa nahIM krte| unameM vahI saMkSipta zailI apanAI gaI hai, jo kaI zatAbdiyoM pUrva sammata thI / isI saMkSepIkaraNa ke kAraNa kaI sthala itane nIrasa aura bhrAmaka ho gae ki Aja unakI yathArtha sthiti ko DhUMDha nikAlanA bhI kaThina ho gayA hai / hamane yathAsambhava sabhI pAThoM ko pUrA kara dene kA prayatna kiyA hai| isa praNAlI se graMtha kA kalevara avazya bar3hA hai, kintu usakI sarasatA bhI usI parimANa se vRddhiMgata huI hai / bhagavatI kA pATha - saMzodhana karate samaya hameM aneka bAra yaha anubhava huA ki jo sthala saMkSipta hone ke

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Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA bahuta hI sara 32 kAraNa nIrasa lagate the, unheM jaba pUrA kara par3hA gayA, taba lagane lage / pATha AcAryazrI aneka bAra kahate haiM- Agama- sampAdana ke vividha kAryoM meM Tha - saMzodhana kA kArya sabase mahattvapUrNa hai / pATha-nirdhAraNa kA artha kevala yahI nahIM ki prAcIna pratiyoM ke vibhinna pAThoM ko zodhakara eka pATha ko mukhya mAna liyA jaae| abhI-abhI nizItha sUtra ke pATha kA saMzodhana huaa| kaI sthaloM para pATha kA artha sahajagamya nahIM ho pA rahA thA / taba eka dina AcAryazrI ne kahA - 'hameM nizItha sUtroM ko bhASya va cUrNi ke sAtha-sAtha par3hanA hai / ' I vaizAkha kA mahInA / cilacilAtI dhUpa meM bAraha mIla kA vihAra / gujarAta kA pradeza | hama prAtaH kacce rAste se cale aura lagabhaga savA dasa baje sAMtalapura pahuMce / vihAra bahuta lambA thA / AcAryazrI se nivedana kiyA ki sAtha meM vRddha, bAla, glAna sAdhu-sAdhviyAM haiM / itanA lambA vihAra unake lie azakya hai| isa prArthanA se pUrva AcAryazrI ne lambe vihAra kA nirNaya kara liyA thA, ataH saMkalpa kI bhASA meM kahA- 'maiM nizcaya kara cukA hUM, isa nizcaya kI ghoSaNA bhI ho cukI hai| mujhe to sAMtalapura pahuMcanA hI hai / jo asamartha haiM, ve dUsare rAste se sAyaMkAla taka pahuMca sakate haiM / isa kathana se sAdhuoM ne kucha socA aura sabhI lambe vihAra ke lie cala pdd'e| eka saMta ke ghuTane meM darda uThA, isalie ve dasa mIla vAle gAMva meM ruke aura unakI paricaryA meM do muni aura rahe / zeSa sabhI yathAsamaya sthAna para pahuMca ge| sAdhu-sAdhviyAM pAnI lekara dUra taka sAmane A gae the| AcAryazrI ne tathA saMtoM ne pAnI piyA / Aja sUrya pITha ke pIche thA aura ThaNDI-ThaNDI havA cala rahI thI / ataH klAnti kucha kama huI / vihAra se Ate hI AcAryapravara ne 'zithilIkaraNa' prArambha kara diyaa| sAtha vAle zrAvakoM ne socA, Aja AcAryazrI bahuta thaka gae haiM, isIlie so rahe haiN| kucha vizrAma kara AcAryapravara apane kArya meM laga ge| hamane socA ki Aja Agama-pAThasaMzodhana kA kArya sthagita rahegA, parantu vizrAma kara uThate hI AcAryazrI ne saMtoM ko bulA bhejA aura pATha saMzodhana kA kArya prArambha kara diyA / AcAryazrI ne kahA, 'vihAra cAhe kitanA hI lambA kyoM na ho, AgamakArya meM koI avarodha nahIM honA cAhie / Agama-kArya karate samaya merA mAnasika toSa itanA bar3ha jAtA hai ki samasta zArIrika klAnti miTa jAtI hai / Agama-kArya hamAre lie khurAka hai / merA anumAna hai ki isa kArya ke paripArzva

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dakSiNa yAtrA aura Agama-sampAdana meM, aneka-aneka sAhityika pravRttiyAM prArambha hoMgI jinase hamAre zAsana kI bahuta prabhAvanA hogii|' ___ sAyaM ke cAra baje the| AcAryazrI ke pAsa 'nizItha' kA vAcana prAraMbha huaa| adhyayanArthI sAdhu-sAdhvI vAcana meM sammilita hue| pratidina lagabhaga eka ghaNTe taka yaha vAcana calatA hai aura sAtha-sAtha aneka tathya prakAza meM Ate jAte haiN| udAharaNa ke lie nizItha ke bIsaveM uddezaka ke aneka sUtra aise haiM jinakA hArda mUla se spaSTa nahIM hotaa| bhASya-cUrNi ke par3hane se inakA hArda spaSTa huA aura yaha bAta dhyAna meM AyI ki kahIM-kahIM granthakAra ne aneka sUtroM ko eka hI sUtra meM samAhita kara diyA (dekho-sUtra 13,14) / _ AcAryazrI ne kahA-'nizItha sUtra ke vAcana kA merA abhiprAya yahI thA ki jo tattva mUla sUtra se spaSTa nahIM hote ve bhASya-cUrNi ke vAcana se bahuta spaSTa ho jAte haiM aura isase mUla-pATha ke nirdhAraNa meM sahAyatA milatI hai| jo yahAM sunate haiM, unake lie vAcana kA abhiprAya kucha aura ho sakatA hai, jaise-aitihAsika tathyoM kA jJAna, bhASya, cUrNigata aneka-aneka tathyoM kI jAnakArI aadi-aadi| ___ pATha-nirdhAraNa karate samaya isa prakAra kI aneka prakriyAeM kAma meM lI jAtI haiN| pratidina donoM samaya vihAra hote haiM, parantu Agama-kArya isI utsAha va vega se Age calatA jAtA hai| vibhinna muni bhinna-bhinna kAryoM meM lage hue haiM aura kArya apanI gati se cala rahA hai| yAtrA ke daurAna vartamAna meM nimna kArya cala rahA hai1. aupapAtika sUtra kA pATha-nirdhAraNa / 2. samavAyAMga sUtra ke anuvAda, saMskRta-chAyA tathA pATha kA punaH avalokana tathA unake aMtima rUpa kA nirdhaarnn| 3. AcArAMga sUtra kA shbdaanukrm| 4. 'uttarAdhyayana : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana' kA punaH avalokana tathA aMtima rUpa kA nirdhaarnn| 5. dazavaikAlika tathA uttarAdhyayana niyukti kA anuvAda / 6. nandI sUtra kI bhuumikaa|

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA 11. prAkRta bhASA aura Agama-saMpAdana para DaoN. upAdhye ke vicAra AcAryazrI tulasI jayasiMgapura se hubalI jAte hue dinAMka 26 mArca 68 ko kolhApura pdhaare| prAtaHkAla nAgarika abhinandana huaa| madhyAhna meM aneka vyakti samparka meM Ae aura vaiyaktika, sAmAjika aura dhArmika praznoM kA samAdhAna pA bahuta saMtuSTa hue| AgantukoM kA tAMtA-sA laga gayA, ataH AcAryazrI unameM vyasta the| __madhyAhna ke lagabhaga tIna baje DaoN. e. ena. upAdhye vahAM aae| sAdhusAdhviyoM kI goSThI meM unheM bhASaNa dene ke lie kahA gyaa| munizrI nathamalajI (AcArya mahAprajJa) ke sAnnidhya meM sAdhu-sAdhvI ekatrita hue aura goSThI prAraMbha huii| DaoN. upAdhye ne kahA 'Aja maiM Apake samakSa 'prAkRta bhASA aura Agama sampAdana' ke viSaya meM kucha vicAra vyakta kruuNgaa| maiM karnATaka meM janmA aura merI zikSA-dIkSA usI pradeza meM huii| merI mAtRbhASA bhI kannar3a rahI hai aura par3hanA-par3hAnA aMgrejI meM calatA rahA hai| isalie hindI bolane meM kucha bhUleM ho sakatI haiM, kintu bhAvoM kI zRMkhalA nahIM ttuuttegii| maiM jIvanabhara prAkRta bhASA kA abhyAsI rahA hUM aura usa bhASA ke saMbaMdha meM bahuta bArIkI se jAnane kI icchA sadA banI rahI hai| maiMne ubharatI haI jijJAsAoM ko samAhita karane kA yathAzakya prayAsa bhI kiyA hai| parantu Aja bhI maiM isa sthiti meM nahIM haiM ki yaha kaha sakU~ ki bhASA kA sAMgopAMga adhyayana kara liyA hai| isa bhASA meM mujhe adhyApana karAne kA avasara milatA rahA hai, ataH usake mUla taka pahaMcane kA prayAsa bhI hotA rahA hai| prAkRta bhASA kA abhyAsa kaise kiyA jAe tathA usakI samRddhi ke kyA kyA hetu ho sakate haiM-ina praznoM ke saMdarbha meM jo anubhava milA, vaha maiM Apake samakSa rakha rahA huuN| pratyeka kAla meM do varga avazya rahe haiM1. vidvadvarga 2. sAdhAraNa varga vidvadvarga sadA pariSkRta bhASA meM lekhana karate the| unakI bhASA niyamoM se

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35 prAkRta bhASA aura Agama-sampAdana para DaoN. upAdhye ke vicAra baddha hotI thI, ataH pratyeka vidvAna usI somA meM rahakara bhASA kA prayoga karatA thaa| vaisI bhASA kevala vidvayogya hI rahatI thI, jana-mAnasa se usakA samparka nahIM-sA rahatA thaa| ___ eka vidvAn jaba dUsare vidvAn se khAsa viSaya kI carcA karatA, taba usakI bhASA dUsarI hotI thI aura jaba vaha eka sAmAnya vyakti se bolatA taba bhASA ke prayoga badala jAte the| sAdhAraNa varga kI bola-cAla kI bhASA anizcita hotI thii| vyAkaraNa ke niyama use bAMdha nahIM sakate the| loga manamAne prayoga karate aura ve pracalita ho jAte the| paraspara samajhAva hI bhASA kA dhyeya thaa| saMskRta bhASA merA yaha kathana kaTu ho sakatA hai, parantu satya se pare nahIM ki pANini, pataMjali aura kAtyAyana-ina tInoM ne saMskRta bhASA kI eka taraha se hatyA hI kara dii| inhoMne isa bhASA ke lie eka Adarza va sudRr3ha DhAMcA taiyAra kara diyaa| vyAkaraNabaddha bhASA kI sthiti mRtavat ho jAtI hai| saMskRta bhASA kabhI bhI janabhASA nahIM rahI hai| isakA mUla kAraNa bhI usakI vyAkaraNabaddhatA hai| yaha kevala vidvadvarga kI bhASA thii| ve jaba Apasa meM carcA karate taba isa bhASA kA prayoga karate the aura jaba ve jana-sAdhAraNa se milate to jana-sAmAnya kI bhASA meM bolate the| eka bAta aura hai ki jana-sAmAnya ko saMskRta bhASA par3hane kA adhikAra nahIM thaa| yaha bhASA saMkucita aura kucha eka logoM kI bhASA mAtra bana kara raha gii| Aja usake adhyayana-adhyApana ke lie kaoNleja khule haiM, ataH jana-sAdhAraNa kI pahuMca bhI vahAM taka ho sakI hai| prAkRta bhASA prAkRta jIvanta bhASA thI, kyoMki vaha jana-bhASA thii| rAjya-sattA ke parivartana ke sAtha-sAtha bhASA kA parivartana bhI hotA hai| jaba gaNarAjyoM kA vikAsa huA, taba jana-sAmAnya kI bhASAoM kA bhI vikAsa haa| prAkRta bhASA jana-bhASA rahI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya jo gaNarAjya the, vahAM ke jana-sAmAnya kI bhASA prAkRta thii| pAlI bhASA bhI eka prAkRta hI hai|

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36 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA prAkRta bhASA jaba graMthita huI taba usakI bhI vahI sthiti huI jo saMskRta kI huI thii| vaha bhI mRta-sI ho gaI, kintu usameM se anya bhASAoM kA vikAsa hotA rhaa| kyoMki vaha janabhASA rhii| ataH usakA srota rukA nhiiN| jaina AcAryoM ne prAkRta ke vikAsa meM bahuta yoga diyA hai| unhoMne bhASA kA kabhI abhimAna nahIM kiyaa| ve sadA loka-bhASA meM bolate aura usI meM likhte| ve jahAM jAte vahIM kI bhASA sIkha lete the| isI kAraNa tamila, kannar3a meM hI vipula jaina-sAhitya milatA hai| IsavI san kI cauthI zatAbdI taka ke jitane zilAlekha prApta hote haiM, ve prAyaH prAkRta bhASA meM haiN| guptakAla se saMskRta meM zilAlekha prApta hote haiN| Aja bhI jaina bhaMDAroM meM jitane jainetara graMtha prApta hote haiM, utane jaina-graMtha jainetara bhaMDAroM meM prApta nahIM hote| isase yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki jaina AcArya samanvaya kI dRSTi ko lekara cale the aura unakI abhyAsa kI dRSTi bhI vizAla thii| Aja bauddha-sAhitya para bahuta kucha likhA jA cukA hai| bauddha-graMthoM kA abhyAsa pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ne pahale se prAraMbha kara diyA thA aura jaba vaha dharma bhArata se bAhara aneka dezoM meM vyApta huA taba vibhinna bhASAoM meM unakA anuvAda huA aura sthAnIya vidvAn unake prati AkRSTa hue| jaina dharma bhArata meM utpanna huA aura mukhyataH usI meM phlaa-phuulaa| prAkRta jana-bhASA thii| jainAgama usI meM likhe ge| samAja meM jo viziSTa AcArya hae, unhoMne AgamoM kA abhyAsa kiyaa| usameM zIlAMkasUri, abhayadeva, malayagiri Adi mukhya hue haiN| pAzcAtya vidvAnoM meM yaha kama pracalita rhaa| phira bhI vebara, laoNyamAna, pizela, yAkobI, zArapeNTiyara Adi pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ne AgamoM para bahuta kucha likhA hai| ____ pAzcAtya vidvAn Agamika graMthoM kA adhyayana do dRSTiyoM se karate the-bhASA kI dRSTi se tathA sAMskRtika dRSTi se| kintu bhAratIya logoM meM ina dRSTiyoM kA kama vikAsa huaa| ve kevala unheM zraddhA kI dRSTi se par3hate the| Aja zAsana meM caudaha bhASAoM ko mAnya kiyA gayA hai| merI apanI mAnyatA hai ki unameM se kaiyoM kA vikAsa prAkRta aura apabhraMza ke AdhAra para huA hai| apabhraMza ko par3hane para gujarAtI, pajAbI, mahArASTrI Adi bhASAoM meM

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prAkRta bhASA aura Agama- sampAdana para DaoN. upAdhye ke vicAra vizeSa antara mAlUma nahIM par3atA / prAkRta bhASA meM aneka graMthoM kA nirmANa huA / isa bhASA ke prayoga itane pracalita the ki anyAnya graMthakAroM ne bhI inheM vaise hI apanA liyA / jJAnezvarI meM prAkRta tathA apabhraMza ke aneka prayoga milate haiM / prAcIna nATakoM meM eka tihAI bhAga prAkRta meM rahatA thA / jainetara vidvAnoM ne bhI kaI prAkRta-graMtha likhe haiN| jaise uttara meM vaise dakSiNa meM bhI ve likhe gae haiM / 37 Agama- sampAdana yaha pATha - sampAdana ke lie kaI niyama apekSita mAne jAte haiN| laoNyamAn, yAkobI tathA zubriMga Adi vidvAnoM ne apane sampAdita graMthoM meM kucha eka mAnadaNDoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, kintu mujhe lagatA hai ki unameM bhI kaI parivartana apekSita haiN| Adhunika vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM ke anusAra pATha-sampAdita ho, mujhe iSTa nahIM hai / Aja ke jaina vidvAnoM para hemacandra ke prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke saMskAra kA prabhAva hai / AcArya hemacandra ne vyApaka dRSTi se vyAkaraNa kI racanA kI thii| unake vyAkaraNa meM jaina AgamoM ke bahuta kama udAharaNa prApta hote haiN| bahuta sAre udAharaNa anyAnya graMthoM se lie gae haiN| isase yaha niSkarSa svataH niSpanna hotA hai ki unhoMne Agamika AdhAra para vyAkaraNa kI racanA nahIM kI thI, unakA dRSTikoNa vyApaka thA / pATha-nirdhAraNa meM prAcIna pratiyoM kA AdhAra liyA jAnA cAhie, na ki hema-vyAkaraNa kA / yaha praNAlI kaSTa sAdhya avazya hai, parantu hai surakSita aura apekSaNIya / Aja bhI jaina Agama graMthoM kI prAcInatama pratiyAM jaisalamera, pATaNa Adi bhaMDAroM meM upalabdha hotI haiM / kintu vartamAna meM sabase bar3I kaThinAI yaha hai ki prAcIna pratiyoM ko par3hane vAle tathA unakI pratilipi karane vAle bahuta kama vyakti raha gae haiN| zramaNa varga yaha kara sakatA hai / Agama kA prAmANika graMthasampAdana atyaMta zramasAdhya hai / maiMne saMkSepa meM apane vicAra vyakta kie haiN| Apa saba prAkRta Adi bhASAoM ke abhyAsI haiM aura unameM par3hate likhate haiN| aba ina bhASAoM kA adhyayana aitihAsika dRSTi se bhI honA cAhie / Apane mujhe premapUrvaka sunA, isake lie maiM ApakA AbhArI hUM /

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38 Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA 12. Agama - kArya para DaoN. rotha ke vicAra sacamuca DaoN. rotha ne ThIka hI kahA thA ki jisa prakAra se ApakI zAstra - sampAdana kI yojanA cala rahI hai usake anusAra Apako isa kArya meM pacAsa varSa laga jaayeNge| usa samaya hameM isa gurutA kA bodha nahIM thA / para jyoMjyoM zAstra-sAgara meM utarane kA avasara milA ki usakI gaharAI vijJAta hotI calI gii| aba pacAsa varSa kI avadhi bahuta lambI nahIM lagatI / eka dazavaikAlika sUtra ne hI itanA samaya le liyA, jise kalpanAkrAMta hI kahA jA sakatA hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra kA kArya yoM to prAyaH sampanna ho cukA hai, para jyoM-jyoM naI cIjeM milatI jA rahI haiM tyoM-tyoM vaha aura adhika lambA hotA calA jA rahA hai| sAtha hI sAtha sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga, upAsakadazA tathA pAMcoM nirayAvalikAoM kA bhI anuvAda ho cukA hai / unake kucha-kucha TippaNa bhI likhe jA cuke haiN| pATha-saMzodhana kI dRSTi se dazavaikAlika, uttarAdhyayana, naMdI, anuyogadvAra, sUtrakRtAMga, samavAyAMga, upAsakadazA, antakRtadazA, anuttaropapAtika, vipAka, aupapAtika, rAjapraznIya tathA pAMca nirayAvalikAoM-kula aTThAraha sUtroM kA pATha - saMzodhana bhI ho cukA hai / pAThasaMzodhana kA kArya bhI kama jaTila nahIM hai / isIlie pATha - saMzodhana ke lie pAMca varSoM kI avadhi kA pratibaMdha aba saMbhava nahIM hai / yadyapi zAstra-kArya meM samaya to kalpanA se kucha adhika hI laga rahA hai, para yaha kaha denA bhI zAyada anupayukta nahIM hogA ki kArya bhI kalpanA se kucha adhika hI ho rahA hai| hamAre kArya ke prati hamArA to guru-dRSTikoNa rahanA sahaja hI hai, para isa bAra vaizAlI jaina prAkRta vidyApITha ke DAyarekTara DaoN. nathamalajI TAMTiyA ne bhI jaba isa kArya ko dekhA to ve gadgada ho ge| unhoMne kahA----yaha apane DhaMga kA eka advitIya prayAsa hai / dUra baiThe hama loga isa kArya kI kalpanA bhI nahIM kara sakate the / para jaba pratyakSa isa kArya ko dekhA to patA calA - hama loga lAkhoM rupaye vyaya karake bhI itanA sundara sampAdana nahIM kara sakate / hamArA bahuta bar3A saubhAgya hogA ki sAre zAstra hamAre vidyApITha kI ora se prakAzita hoN| abhI to hama AcAryazrI tathA zramaNasaMgha se yahI prArthanA karate haiM ki hameM kama se kama dazavaikAlika ke prakAzana kA to avasara avazya deM /

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vaibhAra parvata : AcArya tulasI kA saMkalpa 39 13. vaibhAra parvata : AcArya tulasI kA saMkalpa jaina- darzana ke jarmana vidvAn DaoN. rotha 'bhagavAna mallinAtha' para thIsisa likha rahe the| isI prasaMga meM kucheka jijJAsAoM ko lekara ve AcAryazrI tulasI ke pAsa aae| una dinoM AcAryazrI saradArazahara meM the / Agamama-kArya cala rahA thaa| praznoM kA krama claa| sAtha-sAtha samAdhAna bhI milatA gayA / unakI kArya-niSThA aura kArya ke prati ekAbhimukhatA preraNAprada thI / AcAryazrI ke kuzala nirdezana meM cala rahe 'Agama-zodhana' kArya kI unheM jAnakArI dI gii| unhoMne kArya dekhane kI icchA vyakta kI / Agama-kArya meM juTe hue katipaya sAdhu eka kamare meM kArya - saMlagna the / munizrI nathamalajI sabhI kA yathocita mArgadarzana kara rahe the| DaoN. rotha vahAM aae| unhoMne kArya ko dekhakara prasannatA prakaTa kI, aneka sujhAva bhI die| unake hAtha meM 'suttAgama' kI eka prati thI / munizrI nathamalajI ne kahA- yaha pustaka kaise le rakhI hai ? yaha to azuddhi - bahula hai / unhoMne kahA-' - munijI ! yaha maiM jAnatA hUM ki yaha truTiyoM se bharI par3I hai| parantu eka hI sthAna meM AgamoM kA mUla pATha ekatra milatA to hai, anyatra vaha bhI durlabha hai| isI se saMtoSa mAna rakhA hai|' hamane unakI bhAvanA ko tAr3ate hue unake vicAra kA samarthana kiyA / AcAryazrI ke mana meM pATha-saMzodhana kI bhAvanA prajvalita thii| DaoN. rotha ke vicAroM ne usa bhAvanA ko aura ubhaaraa| ati vyasta rahate hue bhI AcAryazrI ne dazavaikAlika, uttarAdhyayana, nandI, bRhatkalpa, nizItha, anuyogadvAra Adi chaha sUtroM kA pATha saMzodhita kiyA / pATha-saMzodhana meM aneka kaThinAiyoM kA sAmanA karanA pdd'aa| jitanI hastalikhita pratiyAM thI utane hI pAThAntaroM ko dekhakara pATha-nirdhAraNa kA kArya durUha-sA pratIta hone lagA / parantu AcAryazrI kI bahuzrutatA se paga-paga para prakAza kI rekhAeM prasphuTita hotI dIkhIM / jyoMtyoM anveSaNapUrNa pATha - nirdhAraNa kA kArya sampanna huaa| sabhI AgamoM ke pATha - saMzodhana ke vicAra Ate rahe, parantu artha-nizcaya aura paurvAparya kI nizciti ke binA pATha - nirdhAraNa kA kArya sugama pratIta nahIM huaa| vicAra-maMthana calatA rhaa| dazavaikAlika sUtra ke kArya-kAla meM yaha vicAra sudRr3ha ho gayA ki anuvAda ke kucha pUrva hI pATha kA nirdhAraNa kiyA jAnA cAhie /

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Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA rAjagRha meM 'jaina saMskRti samAroha' kA vizada Ayojana thaa| aneka jaina vidvAn aura jaina-darzana meM rasa lene vAle jainetara vidvAn upasthita the / jaina samAja ke pratiSThita vyaktiyoM kI upasthiti bhI aparyApta nahIM thI / pUnA se ena. vI. - Ae hue the / 'Agama-saMzodhana' ke vicAra-vimarza ke lie vidvAnoM kI eka goSThI AcAryazrI ke sAnnidhya meM rakhI gii| pro. vaidya ne isameM pUrNa rasa liyA / unhoMne AcAryazrI se nivedana kiyA- 'jainAgamoM ke kArya ke prati jaina logoM kI upekSA ko dekha maiM hatAza ho gayA thA / isakA mukhya kAraNa thA sAhitya kA abhAva / satprayatnoM se pUnA ke kaoNleja meM jaina darzana kA kakSa kholA gayA / adhikArI vyaktiyoM ne Agama - sAhitya maaNgaa| jyoM-tyoM maiMne eka-do pustakeM pAThyakrama ke lie diiN| parantu mAMga cAlU rhii| maiMne bahuta prayAsa kiyA, parantu unakI mAMga pUrI nahIM kara skaa| ApakI kAryazIlatA ko dekhakara punaH mere mana meM AzA kI eka lahara daur3a gaI hai| Apake kuzala nirdezana aura anupama saMgaThana se mujhe yaha mAnane meM koI hicakicAhaTa nahIM hotI ki yaha kArya Apa jaise manISI aura cintakoM dvArA pUrNa sampanna hokara rhegaa| yaha kArya Apane uThAyA hai - yahI isa kArya kI susampannatA kA paricAyaka hai / Agama-anuvAda Adi kAryoM se pUrva mUla pATha - - nirdhAraNa kA kArya honA cAhie - aisI merI namra prArthanA hai| isa kArya ke lie maiM apane Apako prastuta karatA hUM aura anyAnya vidvAnoM ko bhI juTAne kA vAdA karatA huuN| abhI avakAza - grahaNa karane meM mere nau varSa zeSa haiN| yadi isa avadhi se pUrva maiM apane vidyArthiyoM ko mUla AgamapATha kA susampAdita bhAga de sakA to maiM apane bhAgya ko sarAhe binA nahIM rhuuNgaa| abhinava samparka se maiM vizvasta ho gayA hUM ki yaha kArya zIghra ho jaaegaa|' prophesara mahodaya kI bhAvanAoM meM utsAha thA, kArya karane kI tanmayatA thI / 40 vaibhAra parvata ke prAkRtika saundarya ko dekhane AcAryapravara Upara gae / 'saptaparNI' guphAoM ke sAmane caturvidha saMgha kI upasthiti bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 'samavasaraNa' kI yAda dilA rahI thii| sabakA dila umaMgoM se bharA thA / AcAryazrI ne madhura vANI meM dezanA dii| saMgha - catuSTaya ne bhI apanI-apanI bhAvanAeM rkhiiN| AcAryazrI ne vAtAvaraNa meM vizeSa caitanya uMr3elate hue eka pratijJA kI ki 'AgAmI pAMca varSoM meM 'mUla pATha' kA sampAdana karanA hai|' pratijJA kI pratidhvani se sArA vaibhAra gUMja utthaa|

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41 vaibhAra parvata : AcArya tulasI kA saMkalpa ___AcAryazrI ke sAmane mukhyataH do kArya haiM-Agama-kArya aura aNuvratapracAra / eka sthiti-sApekSa hai, eka gati-sApekSa / eka alpa vyakti sApekSa hai, eka samUha saapekss| __AcAryazrI meM vilakSaNatA hai| ve donoM ko sAtha lie calate haiN| parantu donoM meM kucha-kucha bAdhAeM AtI haiN| parantu AcAryazrI kI satata preraNA aura saMtoM kI kArya-niSThA se paryApta kArya hotA hai, phira bhI isa kArya ko gati dene ke lie eka sthAna para avasthiti kI apekSA raha jAtI hai| isa para socA bhI jAtA hai| kaI sAdhu aura zrAvakoM kI isa kArya ke prati ruci bar3hI hai aura ve kArya karanA cAhate haiN| yaha acchA hai| yadi sabhI apanI-apanI yogyatA ke anusAra kArya ko bAMTa lete haiM to kArya sampanna hone meM koI bAdhA nahIM aatii| AgamakArya zraddhA, sAtatya aura dIrghakAlitA sApekSa hai| isa kArya se vyakti kI mahattvAkAMkSAoM kI pUrti hotI hai, parantu vaha kAryAnuSaMgika hai| kevala mahattvAkAMkSAoM ke poSaNa ke lie jo isa kArya meM praviSTa hote haiM ve kabhI saphala nahIM ho skte| Agama ke kArya-kAla meM hamane dekhA hai ki kisa prakAra pATha aura artha kI nizciti meM AcAryazrI ko cintana aura mananazIla rahanA par3atA hai| isa kArya ko sahaja va sarala samajhanA avicArakatA hai| pATha-nirdhAraNa kI iyattA yaha hai ki prAcInatama pratiyoM se pATha milAyA jAe aura Agama ke paurvAparya kI saMgati karate hae kisI eka nizcaya para pahaMcA jaae| tadanantara vizeSa vimarza aura cintana ke dvArA pATha kA nirdhAraNa kiyA jaae| isakA yaha matalaba nahIM ki jo pATha hamane nizcita kara liyA vaha aMtima hI hogaa| parantu Age ke vidvAnoM ke lie bhI vicAra karane kA kSetra sadA khulA rahA hai aura rhegaa| bhaviSya meM tatsaMbaMdhI jo viziSTa vicAra AeMge una para yathAsaMbhava vicAra kiyA jA sakegA aura anyAnya saMskaraNoM meM unheM sthAna diyA jA skegaa| __ pracalita jaina sampradAyoM meM pATha-viSayaka vizeSa matabheda nahIM hai| matabheda kevala artha-nizcaya meM hai| aisI sthiti meM anveSaNapUrNa prastuta kie jAne vAle pAThoM kA sabhI sampradAya vAle svAgata kareMge aura apanAeMge, aisI AzA hai|

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42 Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA 14. Agama-kArya : nae nae unmeSa kI zabda - - sUcI isa kArya meM vi. saM. 2012 caitra zuklA 13 ko AcAryazrI tulasI ne eka krAMtikArI kadama uThAte hue Agama- sampAdana kI ghoSaNA kii| unakI dekha-rekha meM Agama-anveSaNa kA kArya prArambha huA / kArya paiMtAlIsa AgamoM kI saMkalanA ke saMkalpa se prAraMbha huaa| lagabhaga battIsa AgamoM ujjaina caturmAsa vi. saM. 2012 ke anta taka taiyAra ho gii| aneka sAdhu-sAdhvI lage the / kucha samaya bAda Agama-zabdakoza kA kArya bhI claa| chaha AgamoM kA kArya saMpanna huaa| kArya cala hI rahA thA ki AcAryazrI kI yAtrA kA kAryakrama banA aura kalakattA kI yAtrA prAraMbha ho gaI / isalie koza kA kArya sthagita kara denA pdd'aa| dazavaikAlika sUtra kA kArya cAlU thA / vaha kalakattA ke yAtrAkAla meM lagabhaga pUrNa ho gyaa| usake bAda uttarAdhyayana, sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga aura nirayAvalikA kA kArya bhI kramazaH sampanna huaa| sUtrakRtAMga Adi aThAraha sUtroM kA pATha - 1 Tha - nirdhAraNa huA aura vartamAna meM 'rAyapaseNIya' sUtra kA pATha - saMzodhana ho rahA hai| yAtrA ke kAraNa samaya kA abhAva aura sAmagrI kI alpatA rahatI hai, phira bhI kArya pUrNataH sthagita nahIM huaa| vaha apanI gati se calatA rhaa| isa kAryakAla meM kAryapaddhati meM saMzodhana, parimArjana hotA rahA / samayasamaya para vidvAnoM se vicAra-vinimaya bhI huA aura Agama-kArya kI gatividhi se aneka vidvAn paricita hue / aneka sAdhu-sAdhvI isa kArya kI ora AkRSTa hue / aneka navIna unmeSa aae| sAdhuoM meM Agama-jJAna ke vividha srotoM ko khoja nikAlane ke lie sAptAhika goSThiyAM calIM / prati saptAha eka - eka muni apane-apane nirdhArita viSaya para bhASaNa karatA / praznottara bhI calate aura anta meM Agama-kArya ke pradhAna nirdezaka munizrI nathamalajI upasaMhArAtmaka bhASaNa karate hue viSaya para vizada prakAza ddaalte| kabhI-kabhI yaha goSThI AcAryazrI ke sAnnidhya meM bhI calatI thii| isI pravRtti ke phalasvarUpa sAdhuoM ne eka hastalikhita patrikA ke prakAzana kI bAta socI aura kucheka sAdhuoM-muni madhukarajI, muni sukhalAlajI, munizrI candrajI ne traimAsika zodha patrikA 'eSaNA' kI rUparekhA

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Agama-kArya : nae nae unmeSa AcAryazrI se nivedita kii| AcAryazrI ne isa yojanA para prasannatA prakaTa kI aura use sthAyitva dene para bala diyaa| 'eSaNA' kA prathama aMka AcAryazrI ke dhavala-samAroha ke prathama caraNa para AcAryazrI ko bIdAsara meM bheMTa kiyA gyaa| usameM Agama-saMbaMdhI aneka zodhapUrNa lekha the| AcAryazrI ne usakA avalokana kara use vikasita karane tathA usI pravRtti ko sAdhvI samAja meM kAryAnvita karane kI bAta khii| 'eSaNA' ke aneka aMka nikle| vividha viSayoM para likhe gae lekhoM kA eka sundara saMkalana sahaja hI ho gyaa| sAdhviyoM meM Agama tathA usake vyAkhyA-granthoM kI parizIlana kI pravRtti bddh'ii| vRddhiMgata abhiruci hamAre Agama-kArya meM sahayogI rhii| dazavaikAlika sUtra kA prakAzana zrI jaina zvetAmbara terApaMthI mahAsabhA, kalakattA ne prAraMbha kiyaa| kucheka kAraNoM se vaha kArya atyanta maMthara gati se calane lgaa| aba dazavaikAlika prakAzana-kArya lagabhaga pUrti para hai| dazavaikAlika ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| prathama bhAga meM dazavaikAlika sarvekSaNa aura mUla Adi hai| dvitIya bhAga meM mUla-pATha, anuvAda aura TippaNiyAM haiN| prathama bhAga ke dazavaikAlika kA samagra dRSTi se adhyayana hotA hai aura dvitIya bhAga meM gAthA-krama se| prathama bhAga meM niyukti, cUrNi aura vRtti ke viziSTa sthala haiM aura dvitIya bhAga meM vizada TippaNiyAM haiN| donoM bhAga apane ApameM svataMtra hote hue bhI paraspara saMbaddha haiM aura paraspara sambaddha hote hue bhI svataMtra haiN| AcAryazrI kI balavatI preraNA kA hI yaha pariNAma hai ki Aja aneka sAdhu-sAdhvI isa kArya kI dizA meM uttarottara pragati kara rahe haiN| aisA koI hI dina bItatA hogA ki jisa dina AcAryazrI Agama-kArya ko utsAha se sampanna karane kI preraNA na dete hoN| munizrI nathamalajI aharniza isa kArya meM manoyogapUrvaka lage hue haiM aura yahI kAraNa hai ki yaha gurutara kArya Aja kucha sarala aura sahaja bana gayA hai| AcAryazrI cAhate the ki aura-aura bhI sAdhu-sAdhvI isa kArya meM juTate, parantu pracAra-kSetra kI vistIrNatA tathA anyAnya kAraNoM se vaisA nahIM haa| kaI vidvAn gRhastha bhI isameM saMlagna rahate, parantu yaha bhI nahIM ho paayaa| parantu kaI zrAvakoM ne isa kArya meM ruci lii| unameM zrI zrIcaMdajI rAmapuriyA, zrI madanacandajI

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Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA goThI mukhya the| zrIcaMdajI prAraMbha se hI isameM saMlagna the / unhoMne kucheka vyAvahArika kaThinAiyoM ke bAvajUda bhI isa kArya kI sampannatA meM manoyoga se kArya kiyA hai| 44 Agama kArya sthiti - sApekSa hai - isa tathya ko nahIM bhulAyA jA sakatA / parantu yAtrA ke aMtarAla meM hI isa kArya kI udbhAvanA huI thI aura saMbhavataH isIlie yaha yAtrAoM meM hI calanA cAhatA thA / yAtrAoM meM jo kArya calA vaha pUrNataH AzAtIta thA / lambe-lambe vihAra, grISma Rtu kI bhayaMkara garmI, satata calanA Adi-Adi kriyAoM meM bhI Agama-kArya kI akhaNDa ArAdhanA manoyoga aura kartavya niSThA kI paricAyikA thI / yatheSTa sAdhana-sAmagrI kA abhAva sadA hI banA rahatA, parantu jahAM hama eka sthAna meM rahate vaha abhAva miTa-sA jAtA / kArya gatizIla rahe yaha sabhI cAhate haiM, kintu gatizIlatA ke hetuoM ko sabhI nahIM samajhate aura jo samajhate haiM ve unakI kabhI-kabhI upekSA bhI kara baiThate haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki kArya meM kucha zaithilya AyA hai / anAvazyaka vilamba ke anAvazyaka hetu yadi na miTeMge to kArya Age nahIM bar3ha pAegA / isa prakAra yaha kArya aneka apekSAoM ko lie cala rahA hai / vAcanApramukha AcAryazrI tulasI kA satata prayatna, pradhAna nirdezaka munizrI nathamalajI kA avikala yoga tathA sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kA nirIha zrama nizcita hI sundara phala lA pAegA / 15. Agama - kArya kI dizA meM lagabhaga eka varSa pUrva AcAryazrI tulasI ne vaibhAra giri kI adhityakA meM caturvidha saMgha ke samakSa yaha ghoSaNA kI thI ki AgAmI pAMca varSoM meM Agama pAThoM kA sthirIkaraNa karanA hai / usa samaya rAjagRha meM samAgata jaina vidvAnoM ne isa ghoSaNA kA hArdika svAgata kiyA thA / kaI vidvAnoM se vicAra-vimarza bhI huA aura isa kArya kI prAraMbhika rUparekhA banAI gaI / AcAryazrI kalakattA padhAre / ATha mAsa kI avikala vyastatA se kArya gatizIla nahIM bana sakA / vahAM se do hajAra mIla kI yAtrA kara AcAryazrI rAjanagara padhAre / terApaMtha dvizatAbdI ke mahattvapUrNa kAryoM meM Apako adhika samaya lagAnA pdd'aa| pATha

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45 Agama-kArya kI dizA meM saMzodhana kA kArya gatimAna nahIM bana sakA / dvizatAbdI mahotsava ke do caraNa sAnanda sampanna hue| AcAryazrI kI kArya - vyastatA utanI nahIM rahI / yAtrA bhI halkI ho gii| ataH AcAryazrI ne punaH usa kArya ko gati dene ke lie tInacAra muniyoM ko pATha - saMzodhana ke kArya meM lagA diyaa| munizrI sumeramalajI 'sudarzana', munizrI madhukarajI tathA munizrI hIrAlAlajI isa kArya meM aharniza saMlagna rahane lge| unake prAcIna AdarzoM ko sAmane rakha ve TIkA - cUrNi Adi se Agama-pAThoM kA milAna karate aura munizrI nathamalajI se vicAra-vimarza kara mUla-pATha aura pAThAntara Adi kA nirdhAraNa kara lete aura antima nirNaya AcAryazrI para chor3a diyA jaataa| pATha-nirdhAraNa kA kArya kucha sarala-sA pratIta hotA hai, parantu vaha vaisA nahIM hai / Aja jitane bhI prAcIna Adarza haiM unameM prAyaH u-bheda milatA hai / isake kaI kAraNa haiM- prAcIna AdarzoM ko likhate samaya lekhakoM ke sAmane jo prati rahI, usI ke anusAra unhoMne pratilipi kara lI / likhate-likhate pramAdavaza yA lipi ko pUrA na samajha sakane ke kAraNa akSaroM kA vyatyaya bhI huA / kahIM-kahIM dRSTi-doSa ke kAraNa padya chUTa gae yA sthAnAntara bhI ho ge| yaha una lipikartAoM ke viSaya meM hai, jo kevala lipikartA hI the, pATha ke vimarzaka nahIM / pATha jo vyakti lipi karane ke sAtha-sAtha pATha ke paurvAparya para bhI dhyAna nahIM dete, ve mUlArtha ko na samajha sakane ke kAraNa tathA viparIta samajhane ke kAraNa pATha meM saMzodhana kara dete / yaha koI durbuddhi se nahIM hotA, sahajatayA kiyA jAtA; parantu isase pAThoM meM atyadhika viparyaya ho gayA / unhoMne apanI vicArasAmagrI ko pradhAnatA dekara tathA apane cintana kI praur3hatA para atyadhika vizvAsa kara naye padya andara samAviSTa kiye yA mUla padyoM meM hI parivartana lA diyaa| Aja bhI aisA hI hotA hai| jahAM-jahAM saMzodhana hotA hai vahAM vaha saMzodhita prati bhI kAlAntara meM naye saMzodhakoM ke lie pAThAntara kI kar3I vAlI eka prati bana jAtI hai / pratyeka vidvAn apanI-apanI sAdhana-sAmagrI se saMzodhana karatA hai / isakA artha yaha nahIM ki vaha sabake lie aMtima hai / parantu hAM, usa vizeSa saMzodhaka ke lie usa samaya taka vaha aMtima ho sakatI hai / naye-naye saMzodhaka apanI-apanI pracura sAdhana sAmagrI se kAlAntara meM usa viSaya para aura bhI vizeSa prakAza DAla sake / saMzodhana kA kArya naye saMzodhakoM ke lie naye-naye dvAra upasthita karatA hai, naye-naye virAma-sthala prastuta karatA

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Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA hai, tAki anya saMzodhaka usa virAma ko AdhAra banAkara Age soca sakeM / pratyeka dharma sampradAya Adi meM avibhakta hI hotA hai parantu jyoM-jyoM vaha vistAra pAtA hai, usakI avibhaktatA naSTa hotI jAtI hai / vaha isalie ki vicAroM ke satata pravahamAna pravAha meM naye-naye unmeSa Ate haiN| kaI unmeSa sthAyitva pA lete haiM aura kaI miTa jAte haiM / jo sthAyitva pAte haiM unako zanaiHzanaiH vizvAsa milatA jAtA hai aura kucha hI samaya ke vyavadhAna meM ve dRr3ha bana jAte haiM / yaha naye sampradAya yA naye vicAra ke prAdurbhAva kI kahAnI hai| jaina dharma saMgha bhI isakA apavAda nahIM hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya meM Aja kI sArI sApekSatAeM thIM, vicAra the, nayavAda ke AdhAra para unakA samAdhAna bhI thA, parantu saMgha avikala thA / na zvetAmbara - digambara kA jhamelA thA aura na anyAnya zAkhA prazAkhAoM kaa| saMgha akhaNDa thaa| saMgha meM prabhAvazAlI netRtva ke abhAva meM pRthaktva ke bIja boe, mithyAbhiniveza yA vyakti- moha se vicAra-bheda panapane lage aura dhIre-dhIre saMgha kI akhaNDatA TUTa gii| saMgha aneka ikAiyoM meM baMTa gyaa| itanA hone para bhI Aja kI zvetAmbarIya zAkhAoM meM mUla pATha bheda atyanta alpa hai / unameM matabheda hai to kevala artha kI paramparA durUha hotI hai, vaha miTa nahIM sakatI aura yadi miTatI hai to jar3atA paidA karatI / hamArA vicAra hai ki artha-bheda ke rahate hue bhI pATha-bheda kI paramparA ko miTAyA jA sakatA hai| isI bhAvanA ko mUrta rUpa dene ke lie AcAryazrI ne do varSa pUrva jaina vidvAnoM ko AhvAna kiyA thA ki ve zvetAmbarIya Agama-pAThanirdhAraNa ke viSaya meM kucha kAryakrama prastuta kareM tAki zatAbdiyoM se calI A rahI pATha-bheda kI paramparA eka bAra samApta ho jaae| isa kArya se jaina Agama kI ekarUpatA ho sakegI jisase ki risarca skaoNlara usa para nizcintatA se kArya kara skeN| ekarUpatA se sthAyitva AtA hai aura sthAyitva se vizvAsa panapatA hai / 46 - kArya gatimAna hai / uttarAdhyayana pATha - nirdhAraNa kA kArya cAlU hai aura saMbhava hai ki vaha isI mAsa ke anta taka pUrA ho jAe / pATha-nirdhAraNa kI jaTilatAeM kama nahIM haiM parantu yaha Agama-kArya kA prathama aura atyAvazyaka sopAna hai| isakI upekSA kara koI bhI vidvAn isa kSetra meM kArya nahIM kara sakatA / AcAryazrI kI satata preraNA tathA samaya-samaya para milane vAle mArgadarzana

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47 sAmUhika vAcanA kA AhvAna se yaha kArya zIghratA se sampanna hogA, isameM tanika bhI sandeha nhiiN| muniyoM kI niHsvArtha sevA se pravacana prabhAvanA ke sAtha-sAtha jJAnavRddhi kA srota bhI khulegA, aisA dRr3ha vizvAsa hai| 16. sAmUhika vAcanA kA AhvAna vicAroM kA itihAsa jitanA purAnA hai utanA hI purAnA vicAra-bheda kA itihAsa hai| sabhI ke vicAra eka-se milate hoM yaha kabhI nahIM hotaa| isalie AcAryapravara ko kahanA par3A-'pratyeka vyakti apane ApameM eka sampradAya hai| jitane vyakti haiM, utane hI sampradAya haiN|' ___ AcArya tulasI ne AgamoM kI sAmUhika vAcanA ke lie jaina samAja ko AhvAna kiyaa| phalasvarUpa kucha pratikriyAeM bhI huiiN| parantu jitanI apekSA thI usakA eka aMzamAtra sAmane aayaa| kAla ke sudUra vyavadhAna se Agama-pAThoM kI asta-vyastatA sabhI vidvAnoM ko cintita kie hue hai| parantu sAmpradAyika abhiniveza ke kAraNa kisI meM bhI yaha vizvAsa nahIM rahA ki sAmUhika rUpa se bhI kucha kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa avizvAsa kI vRtti ne paraspara ke saMbaMdhoM ke bIca eka khAI khoda DAlI hai, jisako pATanA duSkara kArya-sA ho rahA hai| sabhI apane ApameM eka-dUsare ke prati sandeha lie baiThe haiN| aisI avasthA meM milane-julane kI bAta bhI nahIM utthtii| jaba taka yaha sandehazIlatA nahIM miTatI taba taka vAcanA kI pRSThabhUmi taiyAra nahIM ho paatii| pRSThabhUmi ke abhAva meM kArya banatA nhiiN| ataH AvazyakatA yaha hai ki isa vRtti ko miTAyA jAe aura eka-dUsare ko taTasthatA se dekhane kA prayatna kiyA jaae| sAdhya eka hai, para sAdhana aneka / eka sAdhya kI bAta to jaMca jAtI hai, parantu eka sAdhana kI bAta nahIM jaMca sktii| gantavya eka ho sakatA hai, parantu usa taka pahuMcane ke sAdhana bhinna-bhinna avazya rheNge| koI kisI mArga ko aura koI kisI mArga ko jAnA caahegaa| yaha vibhinna ruci kI bAta hI sahanazIlatA ko siddha karatI hai| eka hI sAdhana ko saba apanAkara caleM, yaha kabhI saMbhava nahIM ho sktaa| sabhI sampradAyoM kA sAdhya eka hai-mukti / unakI prApti ke sAdhana bhinna

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Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA - haiM / koI sAkAropAsanA meM apane sAdhya ko dekhatA hai to koI nirAkAra kI upAsanA meM / koI tIrtha-yAtrA se sAdhya - siddhi mAnatA hai to koI ghara para rahakara hI AdhyAtmikatA meM lIna rahakara sAdhya ke darzana karatA hai / koI vastra paridhAna se mukti kI ora cala par3atA hai to koI nagnatva svIkAra karatA hai / sabhI ThIka ho sakate haiM, jahAM taka ki ye sAdhana adhyAtma se ota-prota hoN| jahAM bhI yA jaba bhI inameM vikAra A ghusatA hai taba vikRti AtI hai aura sArA DhAMcA bigar3a jAtA hai| 48 aneka sAdhanoM vAlI bAta kI puSTi karate hue AcArya vinobA ne kahA thA - 'yaha socanA galata hogA ki kisI eka hI dharma se vizva meM zAnti sthApita ho jaayegii| dharma sabhI acche haiM aura isalie jo jisakA dharma ho vaha usI para cale / jarUrata hai dhArmika sahiSNutA va bhrAtRtva kI / ' sAdhana aneka hote hue bhI manomAlinya na ho yaha apekSA hai| isase prema bar3hatA hai aura ApasI prema se vicAroM kA AdAna-pradAna sugama ho jAtA hai / itanA ho jAne para apanI apanI mAnyatAoM kI surakSA karate hue bhI eka nirNaya para pahuMcA jA sakatA hai / 'sAmUhika vAcanA' kA yaha tAtparya nahIM ki sabhI kI mAnyatAoM ko eka karane kA prayAsa kiyA jAe / parantu isakA sahI tAtparya yaha hai ki kama-se-kama mUla Agama ke pAThoM meM sabhI ekamata ho jAeM tAki Agamika tattvoM kI akSarazaH surakSA kI jA sake aura usakI ekarUpatA ko logoM ke sAmane rakhA jA ske| pAThoM kI vibhinnatA svayaM pAThaka ko saMzaya meM DAla detI hai / tattva kA nirUpaNa jahAM saMzaya ke uccheda ke lie hotA hai vahAM vaha akAraNa hI saMzaya paidA kare yaha kaisA nyAya ! jisa prakAra 'vallabhI vAcanA' aura 'mAthurI vAcanA' kA saMkalana AcArya devarddhigaNI ne pakSapAta rahita dRSTi se kiyA thA - vahI hamArA AdhAra - sthala bana sakatA hai| mUlAgamoM meM jahAM bhI pAThAntara haiM unakA ullekha samucita DhaMga se ho isameM kisI ko Apatti nahIM ho sakatI / parantu yadi koI apanI paramparAgata mAnyatAoM ke AdhAra para yA abhiniveza se apanI hI bAta rakhanA cAhe to vaha kSamya nahIM ho sktaa| jahAM taka hamArA dhyAna hai ki aMga, upAMga Adi meM pATha ko lekara vizeSa matabheda nahIM hai / matabhada to kevala artha karane kI paramparA meM

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sAmUhika vAcanA kA AhvAna hai / aisI avasthA meM pAThoM kA nirNaya koI bar3I bAta nahIM hai / pAThoM ke aikya se yaha bhI nahIM samajhanA cAhie ki artha karane kI svataMtratA bhI nahIM rhegii| sabhI sampradAya sAre sUtroM ke artha karane meM ekamata ho jAeM, yaha asaMbhava hai| isa asaMbhAvita kArya ko uThAnA to svayaM eka naI samasyA khar3I karane jaisA hogA / pAThoM meM matabheda pahale nahIM thA, aisI bAta nahIM hai| cUrNi, TIkA Adi vyAkhyAtmaka graMtha isake sAkSI haiM / una sabakA saMkalana kara devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa eka nirNaya para pahuMce - yaha unakI vizeSatA kA dyotaka hai / tatpazcAt dhIre-dhIre vibhinna kAraNoM se pAThoM meM antara AyA aura Aja vaha antara bahuta dUra taka pahuMca cukA hai / yadi Aja bhI isa ora prayAsa nahIM kiyA jAyegA to dhIre-dhIre niryukti Adi Agametara graMtha bhI usameM samAviSTa hokara mUlAgama ke zarIra ko vikRta kara deMge / aisA ho jAne para jaina zAsana kI avahelanA hogI aura isake hama hI uttaradAyI ThaharAye jAyeMge ! 49 1 ataH AvazyakatA hai ki sabhI sampradAyoM ke AcArya isa ora vizeSa dhyAna deM aura nirapekSa dRSTi se zAsana - prabhAvanA ke lie isa kSetra meM kucha kArya karane kI soceM / sarvaprathama gyAraha aMga, bAraha upAMga, mUla aura cheda Adi-Adi Agama-granthoM ke pAThoM kA saMzodhana aura sthirIkaraNa kara lene para paraspara sauhArda kA mArga prazasta ho jAyegA aura Age bhI socane-samajhane kA dvAra khulA raha skegaa| yaha 'sAmUhika vAcanA' kaba, kaise aura kahAM ho-yaha svayaM adhikArIgaNa soceM aura zIghra hI kisI eka nirNaya para pahuMcakara kArya ko gatimAna kareM / sAdhanoM kI isa pracuratA ke yuga meM yadi yaha nahIM ho pAyegA to agalI pIr3hI hamArI buddhi para haMsegI aura khilliyAM udd'aayegii| abhI-abhI eka bhAI ne usa AhvAna kA svAgata karate hue likhA thA ki yaha sAmayika AvazyakatA avazya hai - parantu AcArya tulasI ke AhvAna para bhI loga vizvAsa nahIM kareMge, kyoMki svayaM AcArya bhI eka sampradAya ke ghere meM haiM / unakA kahanA kucha hada taka ThIka hai, parantu sirpha baddhamUla mAnyatAoM ke AdhAra para jIvanabhara avizvAsa rakhate hI jAnA svayaM apane durabhiniveza kA pradarzanamAtra hai / pratyakSIkaraNa aura vartamAna meM unake anuzAsana meM cala rahe Agama-kArya ke avalokana se merA vizvAsa hai ki avizvAsa kI dIvAreM Dhaha pdd'eNgii|

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50 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA AcAryapravara ne kitanI bAra kahA thA ki 'Agama-kArya jinazAsana kA kArya hai| isameM pUrNa prAmANikatA aura sacAI rahanI caahie| pUrvAbhiniveza, sampradAya kA moha yA paramparA kA Agraha kabhI bhI na aae|' ye zabda Aja bhI Agama-kSetra meM kAma karane vAloM kA patha-prazasta karate haiN| 'Works speak louder them voice' svayaM kArya hI isakA pramANa ho sakegA-kathana mAtra se nhiiN| dazavaikAlika kA kArya jaba janatA ke samakSa A jAyegA taba kaI bhrAMtiyAM svayaM naSTa ho jaayeNgii| 'vAcanA' kI vistRta rUparekhA hama apanI ora se zIghra hI taiyAra karane vAle haiN| anya jaina adhikArI vidvAn bhI yadi isa viSaya meM kucha kara sakeMge to socane-samajhane kA avasara milegaa| 17. Agama-kArya : vidvAnoM se parAmarza yaha 'pravacana-kAla' kI bAta hai| grantha-praNayana se pUrva adhyayana-adhyApana kA kArya maukhika hotA thaa| guru apane ziSyoM ko maukhika pravacana karate aura ziSya unheM sunakara apanI smRti meM aMkita kara lete| smRti kI vizeSatA thI ki jo jitanA smRti meM rakha sakatA vaha utanA hI vidvAn va jJAnI samajhA jaataa| __ bhagavAn mahAvIra ne jo kucha kahA, gaNadharoM ne use grahaNa kiyA aura apane uttaravartI ziSyoM ko usakI vAcanA dii| yaha guru-paramparA akSuNNa rUpa se calatI rhii| Apta-vacana hone ke kAraNa jaina-vAGmaya 'Agama' khlaayaa| kevalI, avadhijJAnI, manaHparyavajJAnI caturdazapUrvadhara aura dazapUrvadhara kI racanA ko Agama kahA gayA hai| inake dvArA racita Agama svataH pramANa haiN| sAtha-sAtha nava-pUrvadhara kI racanA ko bhI Agama kahA gayA isakI saMgati yoM hai ki uparyukta pAMca Agama racane ke adhikArI haiM aura nava-pUrvadhara Agama kI racanA ke adhikArI nahIM, parantu prAyazcitta Adi ke utsarga-apavAda niyamoM kI racanA meM svataMtra haiN| Agama kA dUsarA nAma 'zruta' bhI hai| yaha zabda svayaM 'pravacanakAla' kI ora spaSTa saMketa hai| cAra durlabha vastuoM meM dUsarI vastu 'zruti' hai| yaha bhI usI kI paricAyikA hai| kAlacakra ghuumaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra kA nirvANa huaa| smRti kama hone lgii| jainAcAryoM ne mahAvIra-vANI ko saMkalita karanA caahaa| isalie tIna saMgItiyAM huiiN|

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Agama-kArya : vidvAnoM se parAmarza 51 sarvaprathama pATaliputra meM vIra-nirvANa ke 160 varSa bAda eka pariSad bulAI gii| usa samaya bhadrabAhu hI dRSTivAda ke jJAtA raha gaye the| durbhikSa ke kAraNa saMgha chinna-chinna ho gayA thaa| ekatrita na ho skaa| ataH vaha asaphala rhaa| dUsarI bAra vIra-nirvANa ke 827 aura 840 ke bIca AcArya skaMdila kI adhyakSatA meM sArA saMgha ekatrita huaa| jitanA smRti meM thA usako lipibaddha kiyA gyaa| sAtha-sAtha valabhI meM AcArya nAgArjuna ke netRtva meM bhI yaha kArya huaa| tIsarI bAra vIra-nirvANa ke 980 varSa bAda AcArya devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa kI adhyakSatA meM eka baiThaka huii| unhoMne uparyukta donoM vAcanAoM meM saMkalita pUrvo kA samanvaya kara pustakArUr3ha kiyaa| tatpazcAt koI bhI sAmUhika vAcanA nahIM huii| lipi-bheda yA anyAnya kAraNoM se mUlAgamoM meM niyukti, bhASya Adi kA mizraNa huaa| vyAkhyAoM meM antara par3A, dUsare darzanoM ke bhAvoM kA samAveza huaa| anyAnya darzanoM se lohA lene ke lie nAnA prakAra kI racanAeM banIM, vyAkhyAeM huIM / unakA asara Agama kI AtmA para pdd'aa| paramparA meM bheda aayaa| itanA hote hue bhI jainAcAryoM ne usakI surakSA ke lie bharasaka prayatna kiyaa| upaniSadoM kI taraha AgamoM meM kSepaka kI bahulatA ko rokaa| phira bhI yatra-tatra kucha truTiyAM AyIM, parantu gata eka hajAra varSa meM kisI bhI AcArya ne Agama pAThoM ke sthirIkaraNa ke lie sAmUhika prayAsa kiyA hI nhiiN| kucha varSa pUrva AcAryazrI tulasI ne yaha kAma apane hAtha meM liyA aura nirantara usakI pragati meM cintanazIla bne| unake pAsa ucita sAmagrI hai| kArya dinoMdina pragati para hai| susampanna AcArya dvArA 'Agama-anveSaNa kArya' kA Arambha sunakara jaina vidvAnoM ko harSa huA aura ve kArya kI gatividhi ko jAnane ke lie prayatnazIla hue| __ kucha dina pUrva vaizAlI vizvavidyAlaya ke asisTeNTa DAyarekTara DaoN. nathamalajI TAMTiyA aura dillI vizvavidyAlaya ke prophesara zrI indracandra zAstrI, vedAntAcArya Agama-kArya ko dekhane ke lie kAnapura aaye| tridivasIya pravAsa meM unase aneka viSayoM para bAtacIta huii| donoM jaina-darzana ke maMje hue vidvAn haiM aura jaina paramparAoM va dArzanika tattvoM kA acchA jJAna rakhate haiN| AcAryazrI ne

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Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA Agama-kArya kI gatividhi se unheM avagata karAyA aura sampanna - prAya dazavaikAlika sUtra kA kArya unake sAmane rkhaa| unheM yaha jAnakAra atyadhika prasannatA huI ki Agamika zabdoM kA artha anyAnya dUsare 'AgamoM' ke AdhAra para hI ho aisA prayAsa kiyA jAtA hai aura usameM kAphI saphalatA bhI milI hai| isase eka to zabda kI AtmA sahI rUpa se pakar3I jAtI hai aura dUsare anya AgamoM kA pArAyaNa bhI sahajatayA ho jAtA hai| DaoN. nathamalajI ne kahA- 'maiM apane vidyAlaya meM bhI isI mAdhyama se vidyArthiyoM ko par3hAtA hUM aura isase artha karane meM sugamatA hotI hai| unheM eka-eka zabda, jisakI atha se iti taka chAnabIna hotI hai, kI jAnakArI dI gii| unheM bahuta Azcarya huA / apane alpakAlIna pravAsa meM unhoMne kaI bAra kahA - 'AcAryajI ! hama yaha nahIM jAnate the ki yaha Agama-kArya itanI dRr3hatA aura niSThA se ho rahA hai / hamane yaha mAna liyA thA ki jisa prakAra anyAnya sthAnoM meM kArya hotA hai usI prakAra yahAM bhI hotA hogA / merI hI nahIM, parantu mere sAthiyoM kI bhI yahI dhAraNA thI, 1 parantu kArya ke sAkSAtkAra se hameM yaha mAnanA par3atA hai ki kArya pUrNa parizrama va prAmANikatA se ho rahA hai| yadi mujhe yaha pahale mAlUma par3atA to maiM kabhI kA Apake pAsa A jAtA aura isa kArya meM hAtha baMTAtA / ApakA yaha kArya jaba logoM ke samakSa AegA taka niHsandeha maiM kaha sakatA hUM ki unakI kaI baddhamUla dhAraNAeM naSTa ho jaaeNgii| Aja taka kahIM isa prakAra kA parizrama huA ho, maiM nahIM jaantaa| Apa isa dazavaikAlika ko zIghra pUrA kara deM, jisase AgAmI varSa hama apane vidyApITha meM isako pAThyakrama meM rakha skeN| isa eka sUtra kA sAMgopAMga kArya vidyArthI - anveSakoM ko eka naI dizA degA aura anya AgamoM ke lie AdhArasthala bnegaa|' isI prakAra aura bhI bahuta-sI carcAeM huiiN| munizrI nathamalajI ne unheM kaI zabdoM kI TippaNI sunaaii| jaise-jaise kArya kI jAnakArI bar3hatI vaise-vaise ve Anandavibhora ho uThate / unhoMne kaI bahumUlya sujhAva bhI diye aura kahA ki isa kArya ko sabhI dRSTiyoM se pUrNa karane ke lie Apako bauddha-sAhitya kA bhI sAMgopAMga pArAyaNa karanA cAhie, anyathA yaha kamI vidvAnoM ko akhare binA nahIM rahegI / 52 munizrI nathamalajI ke dvArA yaha kahe jAne para ki pratyeka sAhitya kI upalabdhi hamAre lie sahaja nahIM hotI taba DaoN. nathamalajI ne kahA- 'Apa vaizAlI padhAriye / vahAM bauddha va jaina - sAhitya kA acchA saMkalana hai| vahAM Ane I

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Agama-kArya : vidvAnoM se parAmarza se ApakA apanA kArya to sulabha hogA hI, sAtha-sAtha hameM bhI bahuta kucha sIkhane ko milegaa|' unheM munizrI dvArA racita jaina-dRSTi kI hastalikhita prati dikhaaii| syAdvAda, naya-nikSepa ke prakaraNa unheM bahuta ruce| unhoMne kahA'jaina darzana para aneka pustakeM likhI gaI haiM, parantu saMtoSaprada eka bhI nahIM hai| zAyada ApakI yaha pustaka usa kamI ko dUra kara ske|' samayAbhAva ke kAraNa ve use pUrI nahIM par3ha ske| kintu dUsarI bAra yahAM Ane para jaina-draSTi ko Adyanta par3ha jAne kI jijJAsA vyakta kI aura usake sampAdana kA bhAra bhI lenA caahaa| DaoN. nathamalajI zraddhAlu vyakti haiN| bolate kama haiM parantu kAryakSamatA apUrva hai| ____DaoN. indracandra zAstrI AcAryazrI ke samparka meM kaI bAra A cuke the| ve bhI maMje hae vidvAn haiM aura unhoMne sthAnakavAsI AcArya javAharalAlajI ke sAhitya kA sampAdana kiyA hai| unheM Agama-kArya dikhAyA gyaa| prArambha meM unameM kucha aruci-sI dekhii| isakA kAraNa saMbhavataH unakI prAcIna baddhamUla dhAraNAeM aura paramparAgata vicAra the| parantu jyoM-jyoM unakI jAnakArI bar3hI, unheM yaha vizvAsa huA ki yadi jaina samAja meM kucha prAmANikatA va niSThApUrvaka kArya karane kI kSamatA hai to vaha kevala AcArya tulasI aura unake ziSyasamudAya meM hai| muniyoM ke zrama, AcAryavara kI sUkSma medhA aura kuzala anuzAsana tathA munizrI nathamalajI kI sarvAMgapUrNa vidvattA se ve AkRSTa hue binA nahIM raha ske| unakI jijJAsA Age bddh'ii| unhoMne bhI isa kArya meM hAtha baMTAne ke lie apane Apako prastuta kiyaa| kucha hI dinoM bAda jaina-darzana ke vidvAn zrI dalasukha mAlavaNiyA bhI kAnapura aae| ve DaoN. hIrAlAla aura zrI e. ena. upAdhye ke sAtha yahAM AnA cAhate the| parantu kAryavaza ve donoM vidvAn yahAM nahIM A ske| DaoN. nathamalajI TAMTiyA ne apane alpakAlIna kAnapura-pravAsa ke saMsmaraNa patroM dvArA unheM avagata karAe the| usakI preraNA se aura svayaMbhUta jijJAsA se dalasukhabhAI apane dUsare kAryoM ko gauNa kara AcAryapravara ke pAsa aae| prAtaHkAla kA samaya thaa| bAdala umar3a-ghumar3akara A rahe the| bUMdAbAMdI ho rahI thii| vandanakara ve AcAryapravara ke pAsa baiTha ge| aupacArika vArtAlApa

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA ke pazcAt unhoMne Agama-kArya dekhane kI jijJAsA vyakta kii| AcAryapravara pravacana dene padhAra ge| munizrI nathamalajI ne unheM Agama-kArya kI jAnakArI dii| bIca-bIca meM munizrI apanI jijJAsAeM bhI rakhate / dalasukhabhAI apane DhaMga se unakA samAdhAna krte| dalasukhabhAI ne bhI Agama saMbaMdhI aneka jijJAsAeM vyakta kI aura kahA-'maiMne puNyavijayajI se bhI ina jijJAsAoM kA samAdhAna caahaa| unhoMne sundara samAdhAna diyA para merI jijJAsA banI hI rhii| Apa apanI ora se inakA kyA samAdhAna dete haiM?' munizrI nathamalajI ne pradhAnataH zrImajjayAcArya ko sAmane rakhakara unhIM ke graMthoM ke AdhAra para unheM samAdhAna diyaa| 'bhagavatIjor3a' jo ki zrImajjayAcArya kI advitIya kRti hai, ke kaI sthala unheM sunAe aura kahA-'hamane Agamika TIkAoM kA sUkSma nirIkSaNa kiyA hai| parantu zrImajjayAcArya jaisA prazasta TIkAkAra hamane dUsarA nahIM dekhaa| zrImajjayAcArya meM tattva kI gaharAI meM jAne kI jo sUkSma medhA thI vaha anya TIkAkAroM meM nahIM pAyI jAtI yaha hama dAve ke sAtha kaha sakate haiN| Agama saMbaMdhI unake nirNaya Aja bhI jaina-jagat ke prakAza-stambha mAne jAne yogya haiN| parantu yaha hamArI truTi hI samajhiye ki hamane unakA vAstavika rUpa logoM ke sAmane rakhane kA itanA prayAsa nahIM kiyA jitanA karanA cAhie thaa|' dalasukhabhAI ne zrImajjayAcArya ke graMtha dekhe, par3he aura kucha cintana ke bAda kahA-'patA calatA hai ki Apake sampradAya meM AgamoM kI puSTa paramparA rahI hai| zrImajjayAcArya ne Agama-viSayaka jo kArya kiyA hai, vaha sabhI jaina sampradAya ko mAnya ho sakatA hai| AvazyakatA hai unakI kRtiyoM ko prakAza meM lAyA jaae|' Age unhoMne kahA-'Ajakala sthiti aisI bana rahI hai ki kaI jaina zramaNa parizrama to karanA nahIM cAhate, parantu apanA nAma usa kRti meM aMkita dekhanA cAhate haiM, cAhe vaha kisI ke dvArA sampanna huI ho| yaha manobhAvanA khaTakatI hai| parantu ApakA kArya dekhakara to mujhe parama harSa hotA hai| yadi isI niSThA se Apane sampUrNa Agama-sAhitya kA pArAyaNa kiyA to vaha dina bhI dUra nahIM jaba ki jaina-jagat hI nahIM, sArA saMsAra jaina-vAGmaya ko pUrNaruci se par3hegA aura anya jainetara vidvAn bhI isa dizA meM kArya karane ke lie protsAhita hoNge| Aja bhI jainetara vidvAn cAhate haiM ki prAkRta vAGmaya sAmane Ae aura usake AdhAra para prAcIna bhArata kI gauravAspada sthiti kA digdarzana ho| yadi hama jaina loga

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Agama-sampAdana kArya : vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM unakI ruci va utsAha ke pradIpa ko prajvalita rakhane meM saphala ho sakeM to bahata kucha saMbhAvanAeM haiN| yadi hama apanI akarmaNyatA se unake sAmane koI upayukta sAmagrI upasthita nahIM kara sakeMge to unakA utsAha TUTa jAegA, isakI sArI jimmevArI hamAre para hai| ApakA yaha kArya unake lie bahuta lAbhaprada hogA, aisA merA vizvAsa hai| 18. Agama-saMpAdana kArya : vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM yaha usa samaya kI bAta hai, jaba 'jaina vizva bhAratI' kA janma nahIM huA thaa| san 54-55 meM mumbaI kA caturmAsa sampanna kara AcAryazrI tulasI apane caturvidha saMgha ke sAtha mahArASTra kI yAtrA kara rahe the| 'maMcara' gAMva meM 'dharmadUta' patrikA par3hate-par3hate AcAryazrI ke mana meM Agama-saMpAdana kI cetanA jAgI aura taba samUcA dharmasaMgha dRr3ha saMkalpa ke sAtha usI dizA meM gatizIla ho gyaa| usa samaya taka saMpAdana kA anubhava nahIM thA, parantu saMkalpa-bala ne Atma-vizvAsa jagAyA aura AcAryazrI ke mArgadarzana tathA AcArya mahAprajJa (usa samaya ke muni nathamalajI) ke nirdezana meM aneka sAdhu-sAdhvI isa mahAn kArya meM juTa ge| prathama do-tIna varSoM taka saMpAdana kA yAtrApatha dhuMdhalA banA rahA, para paira ruke nhiiN| anubhava ke Aloka meM dhIre-dhIre kArya-dizAeM spaSTa hotI gaIM aura eka susthira gati se kArya Age bar3hane lgaa| ____ Agama-sAhitya ke adhyetA donoM prakAra ke loga haiM-vidvadjana aura sAdhAraNajana / donoM ko dRSTigata rakhate hue hamane pahale Agama-saMpAdana kArya ko chaha bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA 1. Agamasutta graMthamAlA-AgamoM ke mUlapATha, pAThAntara, zabdAnukrama aadi| 2. Agama graMthamAlA-AgamoM ke mUlapATha, saMskRtachAyA, anuvAda aadi| 3. Agama-anusaMdhAna graMthamAlA-AgamoM ke tulanAtmaka ttippnn| 4. Agama-anuzIlana graMthamAlA-AgamoM ke samIkSAtmaka adhyyn| 5. Agama-kathA graMthamAlA-AgamoM kI kathAoM kA saMkalana aura anuvaad|

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Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA 6. vargIkRta Agama graMthamAlA - AgamoM ke vargIkRta aura saMkSipta saMskaraNa / 56 isa AdhAra para kArya prAraMbha huA / hamAre sAmane sabase bar3I samasyA thI pATha-nirdhAraNa kii| jitane hastalikhita Adarza hote, utane hI pAThAntara sAmane A jaate| yaha bhI dhyAna meM AyA ki artha - nizcaya aura paurvAparya kI nizcita binA pATha - nirdhAraNa kA kArya sugama nahIM ho sakatA / hamane pATha-nirdhAraNa kI iyattA yaha mAnI ki prAcInatama AdarzoM se pATha kA milAna kiyA jAe aura AgamoM ke paurvAparya kI saMgati karate huye kisI eka nizcaya para pahuMcA jAe aura phira vizeSa vimarza aura cintana ke dvArA pATha kA nirdhAraNa kiyA jAe / unhIM varSoM meM AcAryapravara ne lambI yAtrAeM karane kA nirNaya liyA / yAtrAeM calatIM, Agama-kArya bhI sAtha-sAtha calatA / kabhI koI vighna AyA ho, aisA anubhava nahIM huA / AcAryapravara kI satata preraNA, muni nathamalajI kA satata yoga- ina donoM kI saMyuti ne kArya ko gati dI aura dhIre-dhIre aneka Agama rUpAyita hote gae / jarmana ke vidvAn DaoN. rotha (usa samaya nAlaMdA vizvavidyAlaya ke DAyarekTara) ne eka varSa meM yahAM kiye gaye Agama- saMpAdana kArya kA avalokana kiyA aura Azcarya vyakta karate hue terApaMtha ke zramaNa- zramaNI parivAra kI karttavya-niSThA kA mahattvapUrNa aMkana kiyA / IsavI san 58-59 kI bAta hai / AcAryapravara kalakattA kI yAtrA kara rahe the| rAjagRha meM kucha dina tthhre| vaibhAragiri kI adhityakA meM baiThakara AcAryazrI ne apane Agama-pATha saMpAdana kA saMkalpa dohraayaa| usa para apanI pratikriyA vyakta karate huye jaina dharma-darzana ke bahuzruta vidvAn zrIdalasukha mAlavaNiyA ne 'zramaNa' (mAsika patra) meM 'Agama prakAzana aura AcArya tulasI' zIrSaka ke aMtargata likhA- 'hama AcAryazrI ke isa satsaMkalpa kI bAra-bAra prazaMsA kiye binA nahIM raha skte| hameM unake isa satsaMkalpa kI pUrti ke viSaya meM tathA unake isa dizA meM kie jAne vAle prayatnoM ke

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Agama- sampAdana kArya : vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM viSaya meM bhI saMdeha nahIM, kyoMki ve aise haiM, jo kAma uThAte haiM use niSThA ke sAtha pUrA karane meM laga jAte haiM / unakI yahI vizeSatA hameM kaI bAra pratyakSa huI hai / . . hama cAhate haiM AcAryajI ko apane isa satprayatna meM pUrI saphalatA mile / ' 57 Agama-saMpAdana ke kArya ke viSaya meM vidvAnoM kI mizrita pratikriyAeM sAmane AtI rhiiN| kucha vidvAnoM ko terApaMtha dharmasaMgha ke kartRtva kA pUrA vizvAsa thA aura kucha vidvAn sazaMkita the / sabase pahale 'dasaveAliyaM' (dazavaikAlika) sUtra kA kArya sampanna huA / usameM sUtra kA sAMgopAMga vivecana kiyA gayA thA / Adhunika vaijJAnika praNAlI se saMpAdita aura vivecita usa sUtra ko dekhakara vidvAnoM kI dhAraNAeM badalIM aura unhoMne eka svara se usa kArya kI prazaMsA kI / zatAdhika graMthoM ke pArAyaNa se likhe gaye unake tulanAtmaka TippaNoM ko vidvAnoM bahuta mUlyavAn batAyA / usa Agama kI prAcInatama agastyasiMha sthavira kRta cUrNi kA hamane pahalI bAra upayoga kiyA thA / prajJAcakSu paNDita sukhalAlajI ne usa Agama ko dekhA / unakI dhAraNA badalI aura unhoMne kaI bAra AgamasaMpAdana kI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA kI / jaina vizva bhAratI kA prAraMbha san 1970 meM terApaMthI mahAsabhA, kalakattA ne yaha prastAva pArita kiyA ki lADanUM meM jaina vizva bhAratI saMsthAna kA nirmANa ho / vicAra-vimarza huA aura saMsthAna mUrtta ho gayA / san 1974 meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kI pacIsavIM nirvANa zatAbdI para jaina vizva bhAratI se suMdara saMpAdita Agama prakAzita hue / isase pUrva sAre Agama-graMtha terApaMthI mahAsabhA, kalakattA se prakAzita ho rahe the| jaina vizva bhAratI ne usa puNya avasara para aMgasuttANi bhAga - 1,2,3 tathA ThANaM, dasaveAliyaM (dvitIya saMskaraNa), AyAro (laghu TippaNoM ke sAtha) prakAzita kiye| bIca meM kucha zlathatA bhI aaii| dakSiNa bhArata kI sudIrgha yAtrA bhI isameM kAraNabhUta bnii| usake bAda kevala gyAraha aMgoM kA zabdakoza mAtra prakAza meM A sakA / aba punaH isa kArya ko gatimAna karane kI bAta socI jA rahI hai| munizrI nathamalajI (yuvAcAryazrI mahAprajJa) pahale se adhika vyasta hue haiM, ataH aba ve isake lie adhika samaya de sakeM, yaha kama saMbhava lagane lagA hai|

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Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA zvetAmbara terApaMthI Agama-graMthoM ke prakAzana meM donoM saMsthAna - jaina mahAsabhA, kalakattA tathA jaina vizva bhAratI, lADanUM bahuta vizAla kArya kiyA hai| isa kArya meM sabase pahale bahuzruta vidvAn, Agama-graMthoM ke prabaMdha saMpAdaka zrI zrIcaMdajI rAmapuriyA kA avirala yoga milaa| unakA zAsana ke prati samarpaNabhAva, Agama-sAhitya ke prati niSThA aura athaka parizrama ke kAraNa yaha saba kucha ho pAyA hai| prAraMbha meM hamAre saMgha ke tattvajJAnI aura AgamavettA svargIya zrImadanacaMdajI goThI kA bhI yoga rahA hai / 58 isa mahAyajJa kI sampUrti meM choTe-bar3e pacAsoM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ne apanA zrama diyA hai aura Aja bhI kucha sAdhu-sAdhvI isameM aharniza lage huye haiN| hama kArya kI tvarA meM itanA vizvAsa nahIM karate, jitanA hamArA vizvAsa hai kArya kI gurutA meM / jo Agama-graMtha yahAM se prastuta huye haiM, ve Aja bhI apane kSetra ke zalAkAkA-graMtha haiN| 1 anyAnya kSetroM meM bhI Agama-saMpAdana kA kArya huA hai, ho rahA hai / maiM unake isa prayatna kA kama mUlyAMkana nahIM karatA, kintu yaha spaSTa kahanA cAhatA hUM ki graMthoM kI kevala saMkhyAvRddhi se kArya kI gurutA nahIM nApI jA sakatI / gurutA kA aMkana hotA hai - vaijJAnika dRSTi se graMtha ke prastutIkaraNa meN| Aja kA yugamAnasa yahI cAhatA hai ki vastu alpa ho, para vaha ho yugabodha ke anurUpa / Agama-saMpAdana kI zRMkhalA meM yahAM battIsa AgamoM kA mUlapATha saMpAdita ho cukA hai / gyAraha aMgoM kA tathA anyAnya kucha sphuTa AgamoM kA mUlapATha prakAza meM A cukA hai| zeSa Agama prakAzana kI pratIkSA meM haiM / jaina vizva bhAratI ne isa gurutara dAyitva ko oDhA hai| yahAM eka suvidhA yaha hai ki saMsthAna kI apanI eka nijI presa hai, jo sabhI suvidhAoM se susajjita hai / usakA bhI vikAsa kiyA jA rahA hai / aba yaha saMsthAna AgamoM ko prastuta karane meM sakSama hai| aba maiM zrI jaina zvetAmbara terApaMthI mahAsabhA tathA jaina vizva bhAratI se prakAzita Agama sAhitya kA digdarzana karAnA cAhatA hUM / usakA sAmAnya vivaraNa isa prakAra hai 1. aMgasuttANi bhAga - 1 (AyAro, sUyagaDo, ThANaM, samavAo ) / 2. aMgasuttANi bhAga - 2 ( bhagavaI ) /

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Agama- sampAdana kArya : vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM 3. aMgasuttANi bhAga - 3 (zaSa chaha aMga ) / tInoM graMtha saMzodhita mUlapATha, pAThAntara, pAThAntara - vimarza, 'jAva' pUrti aura usake AdhAra - sthala, viSayasUcI, saMpAdakIya tathA bhUmikA se yukta haiM / 4. dasave AliyaM 5. ThANaM 6. uttarajjhayaNANi bhAga - 1, 2 7. samavAo 59 8. sUyagaDo bhAga - 1,2 ye sAta graMtha saMzodhita mUlapATha, saMskRta chAyA, tulanAtmaka TippaNa, bhUmikA tathA pariziSToM se yukta haiM / 9. AyAro - saMzodhita mUlapATha, hindI anuvAda tathA laghu TippaNoM se yukta / 10. dasaveAliyaM taha uttarajjhayaNANi 11. AyAro taha AyAracUlA hindI anuvAda, 12. nisIhajjhayaNaM 14. ovAiyaM 13. samavAo ye pAMcoM Agama saMzodhita mUlapATha, pAThAntara, pAThAntara-vimarza, zabdasUcI, vargAnukrama Adi -Adi se yukta haiM / 15. dazavaikAlika : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana / 16. uttarAdhyayana : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana / 17. dazavaikAlika uttarAdhyayana- kevala hindI anuvAda | 18. dharma prajJapti bhAga - 1 ( vargIkRta Agama) / 19. dharma prajJapti bhAga - 2 ( vargIkRta Agama ) / 20. Agama zabdakoza - gyAraha aMgoM kI zabda - sUcI, pramANa - sthala tathA chAyA se yukta / ina prakAzita AgamoM ke atirikta jo Agama kArya sampanna ho cukA hai, usakA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai 1. sabhI upAMgoM, chedasUtroM ke mUla sUtroM ke mUlapATha kA nirdhAraNa, pAThAntara tathA pAThAntara ke TippaNa tathA zabdAnukrama |

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA 2. jJAtAdharmakathA-hindI anuvAda tathA ttippnn| 3. upAsakadazA-hindI anuvAda tathA ttippnn| 4. antakRtadazA-hindI anuvAda tathA ttippnn| 5. nirayAvalikA-hindI anuvAda tathA ttippnn| 6. anuyogadvAra-hindI anuvAda tathA ttippnn| Agama-saMpAdana ke vividha AyAma haiN| do-tIna varSa pUrva Agamazabdakoza ke nirmANa kA cintana claa| kucha sAdhviyAM, samaNiyAM aura mumukSu bahinoM ko isa kArya meM vyApRta kiyaa| 'Agama zabdakoza' kI kArya-praNAlI meM kucha mahattvapUrNa niSpattiyAM aura ho giiN| hamane Agama zabdakoza kI nirmiti ke lie sau se adhika graMthoM kA cunAva kiyA thA, unameM aneka vyAkhyA graMtha bhI sammilita the| unake pArAyaNa se 'ekArthaka zabdakoza', 'niruktakoza' aura 'dezIzabdakoza' bhI anAyAsa saMgRhIta kara lie ge| ekArthaka zabdakoza aura niruktakoza chapa cukA hai| dezI zabdakoza kA kArya cAlU hai| ekArthaka koza meM lagabhaga pandraha sau zabdoM ke bIsa hajAra paryAya zabda saMgRhIta haiN| niruktakoza meM lagabhaga do hajAra zabdoM ke nirukta diye gaye haiN| dezI zabdakoza meM anumAnataH sAta hajAra dezI zabdoM kA samAveza hogaa| ina tInoM kozoM ke saMcayana kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki ye sAre koza sAdhviyoM tathA samaNiyoM dvArA saMgRhIta haiN| isa zRMkhalA meM bhASya Adi vyAkhyA-graMthoM ke paiMtIsa hajAra padyoM kA saMgrahaNa kiyA jA cukA hai| ___gyAraha aMgoM ke zabdakoza kI AvazyakatA mahasUsa huii| vibhinna muniyoM ne gyAraha aMgoM kI zabda sUciyAM taiyAra kI aura zabdakoza kI saMyuti ho gii| sAmpratam upAMga zabdakoza ke praNayana kI taiyArI ho rahI hai| Agama-saMpAdana kI mUla gaMgotrI se pravahamAna ye choTI-choTI dhArAeM apane ApameM mahattvapUrNa haiM aura isa kArya ne terApaMtha dharma saMgha kI bahuzrutatA ko vRddhiMgata karane meM yogadAna diyA hai|

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Agama-sampAdana kArya : vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM hamAre isa kArya ke prakAza-staMbha haiM AcArya tulasI aura usase vikIrNa Aloka razmiyoM ko saMjokara gati karane vAle haiM-yuvAcArya mahAprajJa / donoM ke yoga ne mArga ko Alokita kiyA hai aura yahI ekamAtra kAraNa hai ki aneka sAdhu-sAdhviyAM nirbhaya aura niHzaMka hokara Agama-patha para Age bar3ha rahe haiN| Agama-saMpAdana ke mUlyAMkana kI isa pavitra velA meM hama zrAvaka zrIcaMdajI rAmapuriyA ke yogadAna ko nahIM bhulA skte| kArya ke prAraMbha se lekara Aja taka ve pUrNaniSThA aura samarpaNabhAva se isake sAtha jur3e rahe haiM aura sadA naye-naye unmeSa prastuta karate rahate haiN| jaina vizva bhAratI kA suramya aura vijana sthala, mudraNAlaya kI suvidhA tathA samRddha graMthAgAra se prApya sAmagrI kI sulabhatA-isa triveNI ke kAraNa Agama-kArya ko gati dene meM adhika AyAsa nahIM karanA pdd'taa| apekSA mAtra itanI-sI hai ki kArya kA samyak niyojana aura saMyojana ho| itanA hone para niSpatti apane Apa pratyakSa hogii| Agama-graMthoM para prApta vidvAnoM kI sammatiyAM . DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina ne dazavaikAlika sUtra kA pArAyaNa kara likhA-'dazavaikAlika kA prastuta saMskaraNa apane DhaMga kA apUrva hai| maiM nahIM samajhatA ki abhI taka itane parizramapUrvaka eka-eka zabda ke artha para gaMbhIratA aura vyApakatA se dhyAna dekara usakI samasta sAhityika paramparAoM ko niSpakSabhAva se aMkita karate haye kisI bhI anya Agama-graMtha kA sampAdana kiyA gayA ho| * DaoN. rAjArAma jaina, rIDara evaM adhyakSa saMskRta evaM prAkRta vibhAga, magadha vizvavidyAlaya ne 28veM akhila bhAratIya oriyaMTala kaoNnphrensa meM, adhyakSIya bhASaNa karate hue kahA-vaise vibhinna saMsthAnoM se Agama-sAhitya ke aneka, vividha saMskaraNa nikala cuke haiM, kintu AcArya tulasIgaNI ke nirdezana meM saMpanna yaha kArya sarvAMgINa evaM sarvopayogI zodha kArya siddha hogA, aisA vizvAsa hai| viSaya evaM bhASA se pUrva aitihAsika krama ko dhyAna meM rakhate huye, aspaSTa yA saMdigdha pAThoM kA cUrNiyoM evaM vRttiyoM ke Aloka meM nirdhArita kara unakA pATha-saMzodhana sAvadhAnI se prastuta kiyA gayA hai| isameM AgamamUrti muni

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62 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA nathamalajI (sAMpratam yuvAcArya mahAprajJa) evaM Agama sAhitya ke lie samarpita vyaktitva zrI zrIcaMdajI rAmapuriyA evaM usa dala ke aneka sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko kitanA zrama karanA par3A hogA, use bhuktabhogI hI jAna sakatA hai| ukta sAdhakoM ke athaka parizrama se jaina vidyA ko ina graMthoM ke rUpa meM jo navIna upalabdhiyAM prApta huI haiM, unake lie sAhitya-jagat unakA AbhArI rhegaa| * DaoN. nemIcaMdra jaina, saMpAdaka-tIrthaMkara (mAsika) ne likhA-aMgasuttANi jaise mahattvapUrNa kArya ko dekhakara maiM stabdha raha gyaa| Apane tathA pUjya munivarga ne na kevala jaina samAja ko apitu sampUrNa prAcya vidyA-jagat ko upakRta kiyA hai| yaha aitihAsika kArya hai| Apa sabane jo yaha kArya itanI utkRSTatA, kalAtmakatA AkiMcanyapUrvaka sampanna kiyA hai, isa sAdhanA ke sammukha maiM natazira huuN| * jaina zvetAmbara sthAnakavAsI saMgha ke pramukha kavivara upAdhyAya amara muni ne Agama-graMthoM ko dekhakara kahA-vAcanA pramukha AcAryazrI tulasIjI aura sampAdaka-vivecaka mahAn manISI munizrI nathamalajI kI jJAnakSetra meM yaha bhavya dena zata-pratizata abhinandanIya hai| yatra-tatra unakI pratibhA, bahuzrutatA, niSpakSa satyadRSTi evaM mUlagrAhI sUkSma cintanazailI sahRdaya jijJAsu pAThaka ko prazaMsA mukhara kara detI hai| * 'zramaNa' (mAsika) ne Agama graMthoM kI samIkSA karate haye disambara 75 meM likhA-'zAstrIyastara para bhASA-vaijJAnika saMzodhana kA kArya vistRta araNya ko suvyavasthita udyAna kA AkAra dene jaisA kaThina hai, kintu AcAryazrI tulasI tathA unake ziSya muni nathamalajI isa kArya meM varSoM se nirakAMkSa bhAva se lage hue haiN| (aMgasuttANi) kA yaha saMskaraNa vAstava meM nirvANa-mahotsava varSa kI anamola evaM bhaktipUrNa upalabdhi hai| sampUrNa Agama-sAhitya kA isI prakAra samartha saMpAdana, saMzodhana yuga ke lie apekSita hai| 19. AgamoM ke vyAkhyAtmaka grantha bhAratIya saMskRti jainAgama sAhitya kI satata-pravAhI payasvinI meM snAta hai| bhArata kI isa vasundharA para aneka phUla khile| apane-apane saurabha se sabhI

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AgamoM ke vyAkhyAtmaka grantha 63 ne isakI saMskRti ko surabhita kiyA / mAtrA kA tAratamya itihAsajJoM se ajJAta nahIM hai| jainetara-dharma-cintakoM ke vyAvahArika pakSa kI chApa jaina samAja para par3I jo Aja bhI kisI na kisI rUpa meM avasthita hai / isI prakAra jaina RSiyoM ke Atmaparaka cintana kA prabhAva anyAnya darzanoM para par3A / jaina-dharma-graMthoM kI saMjJA 'Agama' hai / ve jana- bhASA prAkRta meM likhe gaye haiM / una para aneka vyAkhyAtmaka granthoM kA nirmANa huA hai| mukhyataH unake cAra vibhAga haiM 1. niryukti 3. cUrNi 2. bhASya 4. TIkA / uttaravarttI kAla meM vArtika aura Tabbe Adi vyAkhyAtmaka granthoM kA praNayana huA / niryukti (nijjutti) sUtra' aura artha meM nizcita saMbaMdha batalAne vAlI vyAkhyA ko niryukti kahate haiM athavA nizcaya' se artha kA pratipAdana karanevAlI yukti ko niyukti kahate haiM / Agama ke vyAkhyAtmaka granthoM meM yaha sabase prAcIna hai / ye prAkRta bhASA kI padyamaya racanAeM haiM / kahIM-kahIM niryukti ko samajhane ke lie bhASya Adi kI parama AvazyakatA hotI hai / kyoMki vyAkhyAtmaka grantha hote hue bhI ye kahIM-kahIM bahuta hI saMkSepa meM likhI gaI haiN| inameM tatkAlIna vibhinna darzanoM ke matamatAntara kI paramparAoM kA itihAsa tathA aneka aitihAsika tathyoM kA saMkalana huA hai| 1 oghaniryukti meM sAdhu-jIvana kI dinacaryA kA atha se iti taka bahuta hI rocaka va hRdayasparzI vivecana milatA hai / jarmana vidvAn khArapenTiyara ne niryukti kI paribhASA karate hue likhA hai - 'niryuktiyAM, apane pradhAna bhAga se, kevala iMDeksa kA kAma karatI haiM / ve sabhI vistRta ghaTanAvaliyoM kA saMkSepa meM ullekha karatI haiM / ' 1. sUtrArthayoH parasparaM niryojanaM sambandhanaM niryuktiH / - Ava. ni. gA. 82 / 2. nizcayena arthapratipAdikA yuktirniyuktiH - - AcA. 1 / 2 / 1 / 3. uttarAdhyayana kI bhUmikA, pR. 50-51 /

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA anuyogadvAra sUtra meM niyuktiyoM ke tIna bheda kiye gae haiM 1. nikSepa-niyukti, 2. upodghAta-niyukti 3. sUtrasparzika-niyukti / ye bheda viSaya kI vyAkhyA ke AdhAra para kiye gaye haiN| DaoN. ghATage ne niyuktiyoM ke tIna vibhAga kiye haiM 1. mUla niyuktiyAM jinameM kAla ke vyavadhAna se koI bhI mizraNa na huA ho; jaise AcArAMga aura sUtrakRtAMga kI niyuktiyaaN| 2. jinameM mUla bhASyoM kA sammizraNa ho gayA hai| phira bhI ve vyavacchedya haiM; jaise-dazavaikAlika aura Avazyaka sUtra kI niyuktiyaaN|| 3. ve niyuktiyAM jinako Aja 'bhASya' yA bRhad bhASya kahate haiM, jinameM mUla aura bhASya meM itanA sammizraNa ho cukA hai ki hama donoM ko alaga-alaga nahIM kara sakate; jaise-nizItha Adi para niyuktiyAM / uparyukta vibhAga niyukti ke prApta rUpa ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai| inake kAla-nirNaya meM sabhI vidvAn ekamata nahIM haiN| para itanA to avazya kahA jA sakatA hai ki vIra-nirvANa kI AThavIM-navIM sadI ke pUrva inakA nirmANa huA thaa| DaoN. e. bI. deva' isa nirNaya para pahuMcate haiM ki niyuktiyAM nizcaya se hI cheda sUtroM ke bAda kI kRtiyAM haiN| ___ vartamAna meM vibhinna Agama granthoM para dasa niyuktiyAM upalabdha haiN| kaI vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki sabhI niyuktiyAM prathama bhadrabAha-jinakA samaya vIra-nirvANa kI dUsarI zatAbdI hai kI kRtiyAM haiN| parantu yaha tathya kasauTI para kharA nahIM utrtaa| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki naI niyuktiyoM meM aise vyaktiyoM kA ullekha hai jo nizcaya hI bhadrabAhu ke bAda ke haiN| udAharaNasvarUpa uttarAdhyayana niyukti meM sthUlibhadra kA aura Avazyaka niyukti meM vajrasvAmI aura AryarakSita kA ullekha huA hai| yadi hama sabhI niyuktiyoM kA kAlamAna prathama bhadrabAhu (vIra-nirvANa kI dUsarI zatAbdI) para nirdhArita karate haiM to ukta tathya kA khaNDana svayaM apane tarkoM se ho jAtA hai| oghaniyukti aura piNDaniyukti kI samIkSA se kucha tathya sAmane A sakate haiN| muni puNyavijayajI isa nirNaya para pahuMcate haiM ki cheda sUtrakAra AcArya 1. Indian Historical Quarterly, vol. 12, p. 270. 2. History of Jain Monachism, p. 32.

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65 AgamoM ke vyAkhyAtmaka grantha bhadrabAhu aura niyuktikAra AcArya bhadrabAhu eka nahIM haiN| DaoN. ghATage ke anusAra 'ogha-niyukti' aura 'piNDa-niyukti' kramazaH dazavaikAlika niyukti aura Avazyaka niyukti kI upazAkhAeM haiN| parantu yaha vicAra prazasta TIkAkAra AcArya malayagiri ke vicAra se nahIM miltaa| unake anusAra 'piNDa-niyukti' dazavaikAlika niyukti kA hI eka aMza hai; aisA piNDa-niyukti kI TIkA meM spaSTa ullekha milatA hai| AcArya malayagiri dazavaikAlika niyukti ko caturdaza pUrvadhara AcArya bhadrabAha kI kRti mAnate haiN| aura piMDaiSaNA nAmaka pAMcaveM adhyayana para bahu vistRta niyukti ho jAne ke kAraNa usako alaga rakhakara svataMtra zAstra ke rUpa meM 'piNDa-niyukti' nAma diyA gayA hai, aisA mAnate haiN| isase yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki 'piNDaniyukti' dazavaikAlika niyukti kA hI eka vistRta aMza hai| svayaM AcArya malayagiri isako siddha karate hue kahate haiM-'piNDaniyukti dazavaikAlika niyukti ke aMtargata hone ke kAraNa hI isa grantha ke Adi meM 'namaskAra' nahIM kiyA gayA hai aura dazavaikAlika niyukti ke mUla ke Adi meM niyuktikAra namaskArapUrvaka grantha ko prArambha karate haiN| parantu TIkAkAra kA yaha tarka bhI sudRr3ha ho, aisA nahIM lgtaa| sarvaprathama to 'dazavaikAlika niyukti' ke racayitA prathama bhadrabAhu svAmI hI haiM, aisA sAdhAraNataH nahIM kahA jA sktaa| pracalita mAnyatA ke anusAra ina niyuktiyoM ke kartA eka hI mAne jAte rahe haiN| matabheda itanA hI hai ki niyuktikAra prathama bhadrabAhu the yA dvitIya bhadrabAhu / sabhI niyuktiyoM ke pArAyaNa se to ve dvitIya bhadrabAhu kI ThaharatI haiN| Avazyaka niyuktikAra svayaM kahate haiM ki 'maiM nimnokta dasa' niyuktiyoM kA 1. dazavaikAlikasya ca niyuktizcaturdazapUrvavidA bhadrabAhusvAminA kRtA, tatra piNDaiSaNAbhidhApaJcamAdhyayananiyuktirati-prabhUtagranthatvAt pRthak zAstrAntaramiva vyavasthApitA tasyAzca piNDaniyuktiriti nAmakRtaM.....ata eva cAdAvatra namaskAro'pi na kRto dazavaikAlikaniyuktyantaragatatvena zeSA tu niyuktirdazavaikAlika-niyuktiriti sthaapitaa| 2. Avassagassa dasakAliyassa taha uttrjjhmaayaare| sUyagaDe nijjuttiM vocchAmi tahA dasANaM ca // kappassa ya nijjuttiM vavahArasseva prmniunnss| sUriyapaNNattIe vocchaM isibhAsiyANaM ca / etesiM nijjuttiM vocchAmi ahaM jiNovadeseNaM (Avazyakaniyukti gAthA. 84 / 8586) /

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66 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA kathana karUMgA' 1. Avazyaka niyukti, 2. dazavaikAlika niyukti, 3. uttarAdhyayana niyukti, 4. AcArAMga niyukti, 5. sUtrakRtAMga niyukti, 6. dazAzrutaskandha niyukti 7. kalpa niyukti 8. vyavahAra niyukti, 9. sUryaprajJapti niyukti, 10. RSibhASita niyukti| yaha pramANa ina dasa niyuktiyoM kI ekakartRka mAnyatA ko pramANita karane ke lie upayukta hai| zeSa yaha raha jAtA hai ki yadi hama prathama bhadrabAhu ko ina sabake racayitA mAnate haiM to bahuta-sA visaMvAda AtA hai| kAraNa ki Avazyaka niyukti meM aisI ghaTanAoM aura nihnavoM kA ullekha huA hai jinakA samaya mahAvIra se lagAkara vIra-nirvANa ke 609 varSa pazcAt taka unhoMne svayaM batalAyA hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki Avazyaka niyukti meM svayaM niyuktikAra 'vajrasvAmI' ko vandana karate haiN| kAla-krama ke anusAra prathama bhadrabAha vIranirvANa kI dUsarI zatAbdI meM aura 'vajrasvAmI chaThI zatAbdI meM hue the, isalie svayaM virodha AtA hai| dUsarA tarka AcArya malayagiri ne upasthita kiyA hai-'piNDa-niyukti' ke Adi meM 'namaskAra' nahIM kiyA gayA hai| ataH yaha dazavaikAlika niyukti kA hI aMza hai jisako kAraNavaza svataMtra grantha kI mAnyatA de dI gii| yaha ThIka hai| parantu namaskAra karane kI paramparA bahuta purAnI hai, aisA nahIM lgtaa| chedasUtra yA mUla sUtroM kA prArambha bhI 'namaskAra' pUrvaka nahIM huA hai| TIkAkAroM ne khIMcAtAnIpUrvaka Adi maMgala, madhya maMgala aura anta maMgala kI yojanA kii| maMgala vAkya kI paramparA vikrama kI tIsarI zatAbdI ke bAda kI hai| viSayasAmya kI dRSTi se dazavaikAlika niyukti aura 'piNDaniyukti' kA samanvaya kiyA gyaa| parantu vaha (piNDaniyukti) anyakartRka nahIM hai isakA pramANa AcArya malayagiri kI TIkA ke sivAya anyatra nahIM milA hai| jarmana vidvAn 'vinTaranitsa'2 ke anusAra oghaniyukti, jisake TIkAkAra 1. coddasa solasa vAsA cauddasavIsuttarA ya donni syaa| aTThAvIsA ya duve paMceva sayA u coyaalaa|| (A.ni.gA. 782) paMcasayA culasItA chacceva satA navottarA hoti| NANuppattIya duve uppaNNA nivvue sesA // (A.ni.gA. 783) 2. Winternitz--of cit, p. 465.

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AgamoM ke vyAkhyAtmaka grantha 67 zrImada droNAcArya haiM, ko prathama bhadrabAha kRta mAnate haiN| kintu niyukti kI prathama gAthA meM 'dazapUrvadhara' Adi ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| isalie svayaM TIkAkAra yahAM yaha zaMkA upasthita karate haiM ki 'caturdaza pUrvadhara' AcArya dazapUrvadhara ko kyoM namaskAra karate haiM? isa prazna kA samAdhAna svayaM ve hI 'guNAhie vaMdayaNaM' kahakara kara dete haiN| parantu yaha samAdhAna aupacArika lagatA hai| zruta-sampadA ke AdhAra para padaviyoM kA vibhAjana hotA thA, aisI jaina-paramparA rahI hai| aisI avasthA meM viziSTa zrutadhara dvArA alpa zrutadharoM ko namaskAra kiyA jAnA saMgata nahIM lgtaa| antima dazapUrvadhara vajrasvAmI the| dvitIya bhadrabAhu unake bAda hue| inake dvArA dazapUrvadharoM ko namaskAra kiyA jAnA saMgata lagatA hai| ataH isako dvitIya bhadrabAhu kI racanA mAnanA jyAdA tathyapUrNa pratIta hotA hai| ___ dUsarI bAta hai niyuktiyoM kI asaMgata baateN| zrImajjayAcArya ne AgamagranthoM kI prAmANikatA kA nirNaya karate hue likhA-gaNadhara kRta gyAraha aMga svataH pramANa haiN| sAtha-sAtha kevalI, manaHparyavajJAnI, avadhijJAnI, caturdaza pUrvadhara aura sampUrNa dazapUrvadhara kI racanAeM bhI pramANa haiN| prAmANikatA kI yaha iyattA buddhigamya hai| kintu adhika vyApakatA ke lie unhoMne yaha bhI likhA ki-'inake sivAya anyAnya granthoM kI ve bAteM bhI mujhe mAnya haiM jo Agamika tathyoM kI pratikRti haiN| Agama se viparIta jAne vAle tathya kabhI mAnya nahIM haiM, cAhe ve kisI ke dvArA kyoM na likhe gae hoN|' isa nirNaya ke AdhAra para yaha phalita hotA hai ki dazapUrvadhara taka kA jJAna visaMvAdI nahIM hotaa| ve vahI kahate haiM jo aMgoM se milatA-julatA hai| ataH unakA jJAna pramANa hai| isalie niyuktiyoM ko prathama bhadrabAhu kRta mAnanA svayaM Apattijanaka hai| kAraNa ki niyuktiyoM meM aneka sthala visaMvAdI haiM / udAharaNasvarUpa kucheka nIce die jAte haiM 1. sthAnAMga sUtra meM sanatkumAra cakravartI kI antakriyA kahI hai aura Avazyaka' niyukti meM kahA gayA hai ki cakrI sanatkumAra devaloka meM ge| 1. advaiva gatA mokkhaM, subhumo baMbho ya sattamiM puddhviN| maghavaM saNaMkumAro, saNaMkumAraM kappaM gtaa|| (Avazyaka niyukti gA. 401)

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68 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA ye donoM tathya paraspara meM virodhI haiN| 2. jJAtA' dharmakathA meM ullekha hai ki tIrthaMkara mallinAtha ko pauSa zuklA ekAdazI ko kaivalya prApta huA thA, parantu Avazyaka niyukti meM mArgazIrSa zuklA ekAdazI ko kaivalya-prApti mAnA gayA hai| yaha viruddha vacana isI prakAra anyAnya bhI bahuta se udAharaNa haiN| nibandha kA kalevara bar3ha jAne ke bhaya se unakA vistAra nahIM diyA gyaa| saMkSepa meM avagAhana, AyuSya, sacitta bhojana Adi ke viSaya meM aneka visaMvAda niyuktiyoM se saMkalita kie jA sakate haiN| uparyukta tathyoM ke AdhAra para niyuktiyoM kA AnumAnika kAlamAna nirdhArita kiyA jA sakatA hai| parantu kaunasI niyukti kinakI hai yaha jaba taka nizcaya nahIM ho jAtA yA amuka niyukti Agama-saMgata hai yA nahIM, yaha nirdhAraNa nahIM ho jAtA taba taka inakA kAlamAna nirdhArita karanA kaThina hai| pro. hIrAlAla jaina ne dvitIya bhadrabAhu ko hI niyuktikAra mAnA hai| zvetAmbara munizrI caturavijayajI 'zrI bhadrabAhu svAmI' zIrSaka lekha meM aneka pramANoM dvArA yaha siddha karate haiM ki niyuktikAra zrI bhadrabAhu vikrama kI chaThI zatAbdI meM ho gae haiN| ve jAti se brAhmaNa the| prasiddha jyotiSI varAhamihira inakA bhAI thA.......niyuktiyAM Adi sarva kRtiyAM inake buddhivaibhava se utpanna huI haiM........ varAhamihira kA samaya IsA kI chaThI zatAbdI? (505 se 58 e.DI.) hai| isase bhadrabAhu kA samaya bhI chaThI zatAbdI hI siddha hotA hai| bhASya niyuktiyoM ke bAda bhASya bane / ye prAkRta bhASA ke padyoM meM likhe ge| yaha batAyA jA cukA hai ki niyuktiyAM saMkSepa meM likhI gaI thiiN| unako samajhAne ke lie tathA AgamArtha ko spaSTa karane ke lie bhASyoM kA udbhava huaa| nimnokta gyAraha granthoM para bhASya milate haiM 1. jJAtA 81225 / 2. 'maggasira suddhikkArasIe mallissa....(A.ni.gA. 250) 3. anekAnta varSa 3, kiraNa 12 / 4. DaoN. hIrAlAla kApar3iyA racita The Canonical Literature of the Jains, p. 187.

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AgamoM ke vyAkhyAtmaka grantha 1. Avazyaka sUtra, 2. dazavaikAlika sUtra, 3. uttarAdhyayana, 4. vyavahAra, 5. nizItha, 6. bRhatkalpa, 7. jItakalpa, 8. paMcamaMgala zrutaskandha, 9. oghaniyukti, 10. paMcakalpa, 11. pinndd-niyukti| inameM se kaI bhASyoM kA kAlamAna aura bhASyakAra kA nAma abhI bhI ajJAta hai| bhASya ke prArambha meM yA anta meM kahIM bhI nAmollekha nahIM huA hai| __ Avazyaka sUtra para jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa kA vizeSAvazyaka hai| ve sAtavIM sadI meM hue the| paMcakalpa para saMghadAsa tathA dharmasenagaNI kA bhASya hai| ve chaThI zatAbdI meM hue the| bRhatkalpa ke bhASyakAra saMghadAsagaNI haiN| cUrNi inakI bhASA prAkRta yA saMskRtamizrita prAkRta hai| ye gadyAtmaka haiN| inake bIca-bIca meM viSaya ko spaSTa karane ke lie niyukti aura bhASya kI gAthAeM bhI prayukta kI gaI haiN| sAtha-sAtha anyAnya granthoM ke zloka bhI prayukta haiN| ye bhASya ke bAda likhI gaI thIM yaha anumAna isa AdhAra para kiyA jA sakatA hai ki bhASya to kevala prAkRta bhASA meM hI haiM aura cUrNiyAM saMskRtamizrita prAkRta bhASA meN| jyoM-jyoM prAkRta bhASA kA prabhutva ghaTA tyoMtyoM saMskRta bhASA kA prabhutva bar3hane lgaa| usakA asara sAhitya para AyA, gAthA-saMskRta meM sAhitya kA nirmANa huaa| kucha bhI ho, sAdhAraNataH cUrNiyoM kA racanAkAla niyukti aura bhASya ke bAda kA hai isameM koI vivAda nahIM raha jaataa| munizrI nathamalajI ne apanI pustaka 'jaina-darzana : manana aura mImAMsA' meM jina sattaraha cUrNiyoM ke nAma ginAye haiM aura unake kartA tathA kAlamAna kI carcA kI hai, ve yoM haiM nimna Agama-graMthoM para cUrNiyAM milatI haiM 1. Avazyaka, 2. dazavaikAlika, 3. nandI, 4. anuyogadvAra, 5. AcArAMga, 6. uttarAdhyayana, 7. sUtrakRtAMga, 8. nizItha, 9. vyavahAra, 10. bRhatkalpa, 11. dazAzrutaskandha, 12. jIvAbhigama, 13. bhagavatI, 14. mahAnizItha, 15. jItakalpa, 16. paMcakalpa, 17. ogh-niyukti| 1. jaina darzana : manana aura mImAMsA, pR. 90,91 /

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70 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA . prathama ATha ke kartA jinadAsa mahattara haiN| inakA jIvanakAla vikrama kI sAtavIM zatAbdI hai| jItakalpa cUrNi ke kartA siddhasenasUri haiN| bRhatkalpa cUrNi pralambasUri kI hai| zeSa cUrNikAroM ke viSaya meM abhI jAnakArI nahIM mila rahI hai| dazavaikAlika kI eka cUrNi aura hai| usake kartA haiM agastyasiMha sthavira / pro. hIrAlAla kApar3iyA ne bIsa cUrNiyoM ke nAma ginAye haiN| bahata-sI cUrNiyAM abhI bhI mudrita nahIM ho pAyI haiN| unakI mUla tAr3apatrIya pratiyAM yA anya Adarza jaina bhaMDAroM meM surakSita haiN| cUrNiyAM sUtrasparzI hI huI hoM, aisI bAta nahIM hai| unameM aneka sthaloM para visaMvAda AyA hai| Agama se virodhI bAtoM kA saMkalana isameM huA hai, yaha bhalI-bhAMti kahA jA sakatA hai| phira bhI cUrNikAra viSayoM ko spaSTa karane meM tathA mUlAgamoM ke hRdaya ko pakar3ane meM adhika saphala hue haiN| TIkAkAroM se ye adhika vizvasta haiM, aisA mAnA jA sakatA hai| zrImajjayAcArya ne ina cUrNiyoM se kaI Agama-virodhI sthala saMkalita kie haiM, jaise 1. sUtroM meM rAtri-bhojana kA spaSTa niSedha hai, parantu bRhatkalpa ke cUrNikAra ne apavAdasvarUpa rogAdika meM rAtri-bhojana lene kA vidhAna kiyA hai| yahI tathya mUla nizItha sUtra meM tathA nizItha-cUrNi meM virodhAtmaka rUpa se saMkalita huA hai| 2. nizItha sUtra ke pandrahaveM uddezaka meM sacitta Ama cUsane vAle muni ko caumAsI prAyazcitta kahA hai| parantu cUrNikAra rogAdi ko miTAne ke lie athavA UnodarI se vyAkula ho jAne para muni ko sacitta Ama cUsane kI AjJA dete haiM, yaha spaSTataH Agama-viruddha hai| TIkA Agama ke vyAkhyAtmaka granthoM meM cauthA sthAna TIkA kA hai| ye saMskRta bhASA meM likhI gaI haiN| saMskRta-sAhitya meM inakA apUrva sthAna hai| ina TIkAoM meM kevala Agamika tattvoM kA hI vivecana nahIM huA hai, balki anyAnya jaina paramparAoM aura jainetara paramparAoM kA bhI samucita saMkalana huA hai| inake adhyayana se tAtkAlika sAmAjika, rAjanItika tathA bhaugolika sthitiyoM kA 1. praznottara tattvabodha-visaMvAda adhikAra /

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AgamoM ke vyAkhyAtmaka grantha vizada jJAna ho sakatA hai| TIkAkAroM kA sAhitya ke sabhI kSetroM meM praveza thaa| ve vyAkaraNa tathA bhASA-vijJAna ke niSNAta paMDita the| sAmAjika tathA paramparAgata jJAna se bhI ve paricita the| isI prakAra itihAsa, bhUgola, rasAyanazAstra, zarIravijJAna, auSadhi-vijJAna Adi kA bhI unakA adhyayana thaa| yantra, mantra aura tantra ke to ve acche jJAtA the| ina saba kI spaSTa jhAMkI kisI bhI sAMgopAMga TIkA se sahajatayA ho sakatI hai| parantu eka bAta jarUra khaTakane yogya hai| yadyapi TIkAkAroM kI sArvadik vidvattA meM saMzaya nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, phira bhI TIkAoM kA bahuta-sA kSetra Agama se bhinna rahA hai| eka-do TIkAkAroM ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI TIkAkAra Agametara granthoM kI TIkA karate haiN| yaha kyoM? isakA samAdhAna sarala nahIM hai| AgamoM ke sarvaprathama saMskRta TIkAkAra haribhadra sUri haiN| unakA jIvanakAla vikrama kI AThavIM zatAbdI hai| unhoMne Avazyaka, dazavaikAlika, nandI, anuyogadvAra, jambUdvIpa-prajJapti aura jIvAbhigama para TIkAeM likhI haiN| tattvArthasUtra aura dazavaikAlika para inakI laghuvRtti bhI hai| inake sAtha-sAtha aneka dArzanika granthoM para bhI unakI TIkAeM vizruta haiN| unhoMne kSetra samAsavRtti, lokabindu Adi bhaugolika grantha bhI likhe aura aneka prakIrNaka granthoM kI racanA kii| zIlAMkasUri ne AcArAMga aura sUtrakRtAMga para TIkAeM likhiiN| inakA kAla vikrama kI AThavIM-navIM zatAbdI se hai| anuyogadvAra para maladhArI hemacandra kI TIkA mananIya hai| inakA kAlamAna vikrama kI bArahavIM zatAbdI hai| zeSa nava aMgoM ke TIkAkAra haiM abhayadevasUri / inakA jIvana-kAla vikrama kI bArahavIM zatAbdI hai| nandI, prajJApanA, vyavahAra, candra-prajJapti, jIvAbhigama, Avazyaka, bRhatkalpa, rAjapraznIya Adi ke TIkAkAra AcArya malayagiri haiN| yaha saMskRta bhASA ke utkarSa-kAla kI kahAnI hai| jainAcAryoM kI saMskRta-sevA advitIya hai| saMbhavataH kucha kSetroM meM saMskRta-bhASA jana-bhASA ke rUpa meM svIkRta kara lI gaI thii| ataH yaha Avazyaka thA ki dharmAcArya bhI usI meM likhate yA bolate the| isa kAla meM anekAneka saMskRta granthoM kA praNayana huaa| grantha-praNayana kI paridhi kevala Agama-sAhitya taka sImita nahIM rahI, anyAnya Agametara sAhitya para bhI unhoMne TIkAeM likhiiN| apane granthoM para unakI TIkAeM Aja bhI upalabdha haiN| bhArata ke kavizekhara bANa ke mahAn kAvya 'kAdambarI' para Aja bhI jainAcArya dvArA racita TIkA hI sarvamAnya hai| isa grantha

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Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA para aura bhI aneka TIkAeM haiM, parantu yaha TIkA hI sarvottama mAnI jAtI hai aura ema.e. Adi kakSAoM meM vahI par3hAI jAtI hai / jyotiSa-grantha, cikitsAgrantha, bhakti-grantha, nyAya-grantha, dArzanika-grantha bhI jainAcAryoM kI apUrva dena haiM / abhI-abhI maisUra meM eka vyAkaraNa-grantha upalabdha huA hai jo ki eka jaina muni kI kRti hai / vaha apanI koTi kA eka hI hai / 72 TIkAkAroM kA kAla saMgharSa kA kAla thA / jainetara dArzanika jaina dharma ke unmUlana para DaTe hue the / unheM sthAna-sthAna para vAda-vivAda ke lie lalakArA jaataa| jainAcArya isameM bhI pIche nahIM rahe / nyAya granthoM kA sughaTita granthana huA aura jainetara tarka kArkazya kA unmUlana kiyA gyaa| ina saMgharSoM kA prabhAva Agama kI AtmA para pdd'aa| ve Agama - sAhitya kI samRddhi se kuchakucha udAsIna-se hue| isalie usa samaya jainAcAryoM kA Agama-granthoM para kucha likhanA chUTa-sA gyaa| kabhI-kabhI koI likha bhI dete - parantu vaha nagaNya sA thA / isa prakAra Agama - sAhitya se samparka kama raha jAne se Agama-jJAna kI gurutA nahIM rahI / paramparAoM kA viccheda hone lgaa| maMtra - yaMtra ke bakher3oM se mUlAcAra meM kamI aayii| itanA hI nahIM, AgamakAroM kA abhipreta artha bhI unakI samajha se dUra hotA gayA / isIlie TIkAoM meM AgamoM se viruddha aneka tathyoM kA samAveza huA hai / dIpikA, vArtika aura stavaka (TabbA) TIkAeM vistRta hotI thiiN| ve sabhI ke lie subhogya nahIM bana sakIM / isIlie AcAryoM ne laghu-TIkA (dIpikA) likhI / aneka sUtroM para dIpikAeM Aja bhI upalabdha haiN| dIpikAeM kevala 'ziSyasubodhAya' ke lie bahuta upayogI siddha huIM / saMskRta bhASA kA prabhAva miTatA gayA / vibhinna sthAnoM meM vibhinna bhASAoM kA Adhipatya hone lagA / solahavIM zatAbdI se aThArahavIM zatAbdI taka marAThI- -bhASA kA utkarSa kAla mAnA jAtA hai / usI prakAra rAjasthAnI, telagu, kannar3a, tamila Adi bhASAeM bhI pUrNa unnata ho rahI thiiN| unameM sAhitya kI racanA honA svAbhAvika thA / jainAcArya loka - bhASA ke poSaka rahe haiM / tattaddezIya zabdoM kA saMkalana

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AgamoM ke vyAkhyAtmaka grantha 73 mUlAgamoM meM tathA vyAkhyAtmaka granthoM meM huA hai| isIlie jaina-sAhitya bhASA-vijJAna kI dRSTi se bhI bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai| solahavIM-sattarahavIM zatAbdI meM saMskRta bhASA kA abhyAsa atinyUna ho gyaa| jaina saMgha do bhAgoM meM vibhakta ho gayA mUrti-pUjaka, amUrti-pUjaka / eka pakSa Agama, niyukti, bhASya, cUrNi, TIkA Adi ko pramANa mAnakara calatA hai; dUsarA pakSa mUlAgama tathA unase milate-julate artha ko svIkAra karatA hai| isa viSaya meM kAphI saMgharSa huaa| Tabbe likhane kI paramparA kA janma huaa| aThArahavIM zatAbdI meM pAyacandrasUri aura dharmasiMha muni ne gujarAtI meM Tabbe likhe| vistRta TIkAoM kA rasapAna jinake lie sugama nahIM thA, unake lie ye bar3e upayogI bne| dUsare jyoM-jyoM saMskRta kA prasAra kama ho rahA thA tyoMtyoM loga viSaya se dUra hote jA rahe the| inakI (TabboM kI) racanA usa kamI kI pUrti karane meM siddha huii| hajAroM jaina muni inhIM ke sahAre siddhAnta ke niSNAta bne| stavakoM kI bhASA rAjasthAnI mizrita gujarAtI hai| inameM maulika cintana kama milatA hai, kevala TIkAkAroM kA anukaraNa hI vizeSataH dRSTigocara hotA hai| __unnIsavIM-bIsavIM zatAbdI meM jaina terApaMtha ke caturtha zAsanAdhipati zrImajjayAcArya eka prazasta TIkAkAra aura stavakakAra ke rUpa meM sAmane aae| unakI talasparzinI medhA Aja bhI vidvAnoM kA patha prazasta kara rahI hai| unhoMne maulika cintana diyA aura apanI prakhara pratibhA se mUlAgamoM se sArarUpa navanIta upasthita kiyaa| jaba jaina vidvAn dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA, kAnapura meM AgamakArya kI jijJAsA lie hae Ae the taba prasaMgopAtta unheM zrImajjayAcArya ke grantha dikhalAe ge| sahasA unhoMne kahA ki yadi yaha kArya jana-sulabha ho sake to bahuta lAbhaprada ho sakatA hai| ___ isa prakAra AgamoM kA vyAkhyAtmaka-sAhitya ati pracura mAtrA meM likhA gayA hai aura samaya ke vyavadhAna ke sAtha-sAtha usakA vistAra bhI hotA gyaa| sadyaska AvazyakatA hai ki una vyAkhyAtmaka granthoM kA hindI meM anuvAda ho aura ve susaMpAdita hokara janabhogya bana skeN| 1. munizrI nathamalajI ke 'zrImajjayAcArya kI sAhitya-sAdhanA para dRSTi' nibandha se|

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74 Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA 20. vyAkhyA -granthoM kA adhyayana kyoM ? AcAryazrI tulasI ne vi. saM. 2012 meM Agama - sampAdana kA kArya prArambha kiyaa| yaha terApaMtha zAsana ke lie eka nayA kArya thA / isase pUrva terApaMtha ke kisI bhI AcArya ne Agama - sampAdana yA anuvAda kA sarvAMgINa kArya hAtha meM nahIM liyA thA / zrImajjayAcArya isake apavAda haiM; unhoMne kaI sUtroM kA rAjasthAnI bhASA meM padyamaya anuvAda kiyA hai tathA yatra-tatra TippaNa bhI likhe haiM / 'bhagavatI kI jor3a' unakI utkRSTa kRti hai / Agama- sampAdana kArya ke sAtha-sAtha vyAkhyA -granthoM ke anuzIlana kI pravRtti bhI bddh'ii| aise to hamAre AcArya tathA sAdhu cUrNi, TIkA kA vAcana karate hI the, kintu vaha eka sImita uddezya kI pUrti ke lie kiyA jAtA thA / terApaMtha ke caturtha AcArya zrImajjayagaNi ne Agama ke vyAkhyA -granthoM kA gaharA adhyayana kiyA aura unakA pracura mAtrA meM yatra-tatra prayoga bhI kiyA tathA saMbhava hai ki hamAre zAsana - tantra kI paramparAoM ke nirmANa meM cUrNigata tathyoM kA puSTa AdhAra rahA ho / kintu yaha vAcana zrImad jayAcArya jaise mahAn vidvAnoM taka hI sImita rahA, vaha vyApaka nahIM bana sakA / jaba vi. saM. 1993 meM AcAryazrI ne terApaMtha kA zAsana - tantra saMbhAlA taba unake mana meM vyAkhyA -granthoM ke 'paThanapAThana' ke prati eka ruci utpanna huI aura ve isakI pRSThabhUmi ke nirmANa meM laga ge| saMskRta bhASA kA jo bIjAropaNa terApaMtha ke AThaveM AcArya zrImad kAlUgaNI ke zAsanakAla meM huA thA, vaha pallavita hone lagA / aneka sAdhusAdhviyAM saMskRta-bhASA ke paThana-pAThana meM laga ge| dekhate-dekhate ve saMskRtabhASA meM pAraMgata ho gae aura granthoM kA praNayana hone lgaa| prAkRta kA adhyayana bhI hotA rahA / Agama- sampAdana kArya ke prArambha hote hI yaha pratIta hone lagA ki vyAkhyA-granthoM ke pArAyaNa ke binA sUtragata tathyoM kA hArda nahIM pakar3A jA sktaa| yaha dhAraNA puSTa hotI gaI aura hamArI ruci usa ora tIvra hotI gaI / isa antarAla meM kaI jaina vidvAnoM ne bhI hameM cUrNi TIkAoM ke adhyayana kI bAta kahI / hamane apanA pArAyaNa prArambha kiyA / AcAryazrI ke pAsa 'oghaniryukti' kA vAcana prArambha huaa| munizrI nathamalajI vAcana kara unakA hArda samajhAte aura hama sAdhu-sAdhviyAM usakA zravaNa krte| una dinoM

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vyAkhyA-granthoM kA adhyayana kyoM? dazavaikAlika sUtra ke sarvAMgINa sampAdana kA kArya cala rahA thaa| anuvAda aura TippaNa likhe jA rahe the| oghaniyukti aura piMDaniyukti ke adhyayana se TippaNa likhane yA hArda samajhane meM bahuta sahayoga milaa| 'ogha-niyukti' kA vAcana pUrNa huaa| "piNDa-niyukti' kA vAcana prArambha huaa| eka dina munizrI ne kahA-piNDaniyukti ko par3he binA dazavaikAlika sUtra ke pAMcaveM adhyayana 'piNDaiSaNA' ko sampUrNa rUpa se nahIM samajhA jA sakatA aura oghaniyukti ke pArAyaNa ke binA uttarAdhyayana meM varNita 'dasavidha sAmAcArI' Adi ko nahIM samajhA jA sktaa| AgamaracanA atyanta saMkSipta zailI meM huI hai| usakA hArda vyAkhyAgranthoM se spaSTa hotA hai| udAharaNa ke lie uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM prathama adhyayana meM eka pada hai-'tao jhAejja ego'| isakA zAbdika artha hai-'dhyAna akelA kre|' kintu isase vAstavika artha kI abhivyakti nahIM hotii| isakA hArda oghaniyukti ke adhyayana se samajha meM aayaa| usameM eka sthAna para dasavidha maMDaliyoM kA varNana hai, jaise-svAdhyAya maMDalI, AhAra maMDalI, zayana maMDalI aadi| ina maMDaliyoM kA tAtparya yaha hai ki dasa prakAra ke kArya sAmudAyika hote haiM, maMDaliyoM meM kie jAte haiN| kintu dhyAna maMDalIgata nahIM hotaa| vaha akele meM hotA hai| itanA jJAta hone para 'tao jhAejja egao' ke pIche jo rahasya chipA huA hai, vaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai| __ AcArAMga sUtra meM do zabda-yugala Ate haiM-'samaNunna asamaNunna', 'pArihAria apaarihaaria|' TIkAkAra ne inakA saMkSipta artha kiyA hai| kintu vaha artha pUrNa paramparA ko abhivyakta nahIM krtaa| abhI-abhI jaba nizItha bhASya kA vAcana ho rahA thA, taba usameM parihAria, aparihAria aura aNuparihAria-ye tIna zabda aae| bhASya tathA cUrNikAra ne unakA vistAra se artha samajhAyA hai| ye jaina zAsana ke vizeSa zabda haiN| inake pIche eka viziSTa paramparA rahI hai, jo kevala zabda se abhivyakta nahIM hotii| vaha paramparA yaha hai prAyazcita ke saMdarbha meM tapa do prakAra kA hotA hai-zuddha tapa aura parihAra tp| jo muni dhRti se durbala tathA zarIra se kSINa hotA hai use prAyazcitasvarUpa zuddha tapa diyA jAtA hai aura jo muni dhRti se tathA zarIra se balavAn hotA hai 1. uttarAdhyayana 1 / 10 / /

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76 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA aura jo gItArtha hotA hai use parihAra tapa diyA jAtA hai| parihAra tapa vahana karane vAlA muni 'pArihAria' kahalAtA hai| usake lie dasa bAtoM kA niSedha hai 1. dUsaroM ko sUtra tathA artha pUchane kA niSedha aura dUsaroM dvArA pUchane para unheM sUtra aura artha batAne kA nissedh| 2. sUtra aura artha kA dUsaroM ke sAtha parAvartana karane kA niSedha / 3. dUsaroM ke sAtha gocarI jAne kA niSedha / 4. dUsaroM ke sAtha vandana-vyavahAra kA niSedha / 5. dUsaroM ke sAtha pAtra-vyavahAra kA niSedha / 6. dUsaroM ke upakaraNa-pratilekhana kA niSedha / 7. dUsaroM ke sAtha saMghATaka-bhAva kA niSedha / 8. dUsaroM ko bhatta-pAna dene kA niSedha / 9. dUsaroM ke sAtha bhojana karane kA niSedha / 10. dUsare bhI uparokta bAteM isake sAtha nahIM kara skte| yaha 'pArihAria' zabda ke pIche rahI artha-paramparA thii| 'anupArihAria' use kahA jAtA thA, jo 'pArihAria' tapa vahana karane vAle vyakti ko sahayoga detaa| zeSa vyakti 'apArihAria' kahalAte the| yaha artha paramparA kA jJAna bhASya, cUrNi ke adhyayana se hI prApta ho sakatA hai, mUla sUtra se nhiiN| ataH yaha svayameva spaSTa hai ki AgamoM ko sahI samajhane ke lie unake vyAkhyA-granthoM kA paThana-pAThana atyanta Avazyaka aura upayogI hai| Aja hamAre aneka sAdhu-sAdhvI unakA talasparzI adhyayana karate haiM aura hamArI yaha kalpanA bhI hai ki sabhI bhASya-cUrNiyoM kA Adhunika DhaMga se sampAdana bhI kiyA jaae| __kucha samaya taka hamAre saMgha meM ina vyAkhyA-granthoM kA adhyayana chUTa-sA gayA thaa| usake pIche kucha bhI kAraNa rahA ho, vaha avarodha avAMchanIya hI mAnA jaaegaa| Aja sthiti meM parivartana huA hai| AcAryazrI inake adhyayanaadhyApana ke lie sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko prerita karate haiN| abhI-abhI sAdhvIzrI

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dazavaikAlika : kArya-paddhati maMjulAjI ( gaNabahiSkRta) tathA sAdhvIzrI kanakaprabhAjI ne uttarAdhyayana aura dazavaikAlika sUtra kI niryukti kA anuvAda prArambha kiyA hai| isI preraNA ke phalasvarUpa aneka vyAkhyA -granthoM kA pArAyaNa ho cukA hai| isake Aloka meM hama bahuta - bahuta lAbhAnvita hue haiM aura hamArI paramparAoM ko puSTi milI hai / 77 21. dazavaikAlika : kArya-paddhati eka choTI-sI kalpanA itanA bar3A rUpa dhAraNa karegI yaha kauna jAnatA thA ? TimaTimAtI lau itanA prakAza-puMja bikhera degI - - yaha kisane jAnA ? aNucintana eka mahAn kArya kI ora prerita karegA, yaha kauna jAnatA thA ? 'dharmadUta' ke vAcana se AcAryazrI ke cintana meM eka kalpanA uThI / usa para mana hI mana vicAra huA aura unhoMne sAyaMkAla sAdhuoM ke samakSa sArI kalpanA kaha ddaalii| kalpanA kA svAgata huA aura eka sAtha sAre kaMTha gUMja uThe - 'hama yaha kArya karake rheNge|' AzA meM jIvana hotA hai, saMkalpa meM bala - yaha kauna nahIM jAnatA ! Agama-kArya kA prArambha isI vicAra-maMthana kA navanIta hai| varSoM se AcAryapravara ke cintana meM yaha tathya AtA rahA hai ki Agama- sAhitya bahuta hI asta-vyasta par3A hai - use yadi vyavasthita kiyA jAe to jaina- darzana kI vaijJAnikatA svayaM nikhara uThegI aura aneka vidvAn isa ora sahajatayA AkRSTa ho skeNge| parantu eka dharma saMgha ke adhinAyaka hone ke kAraNa anyAnya kAryoM kI bahulatA ne isa kalpanA ko sAkAra nahIM hone diyA / niyati bhI kucha hotI hai - kAla kA paripAka huA aura dekhate-dekhate Agama-kArya cAlU ho gayA / ujjaina kA caturmAsa Agama-kArya ke lie varadAna siddha huA / caturmAsa ke prArambha meM hI eka dina AcAryapravara ne sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kI pariSad meM 'Agama-kArya' para vistRta prakAza DAlA aura kaI sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko nirdezaka ke rUpa meM kArya karane kA Adeza diyaa| nirdezaka ke nIce kauna-kauna sAdhusAdhvI yaha kArya kare isakI samucita vyavasthA kara dI gii| sarvaprathama sUtroM ke zabdoM kA 'akArAdi anukramaNikA' ke AdhAra para cayana karanA thA /

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78 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA dazavaikAlika sUtra kA yaha kArya sAdhvIzrI ratanakumArIjI ko sauMpA gyaa| unhoMne apanA kArya zrAvaNa kRSNA navamI ko prArambha kiyA aura apanI cAra sahayogI sAdhviyoM ke sAtha 'dattAvadhAna' se kArya karatI huI bhAdrava kRSNA tIja ko (25 dinoM meM) sArA kArya sampanna kara AcAryapravara ko sauMpa diyaa| zabdoM ke cayana kA AdhAra prophesara abhayaMkara kA aMgrejI anuvAda vAlA 'dasaveAliya sutta' thaa| sarvaprathama vaha prati prAmANika mAlUma huii| isa caturmAsa meM lagabhaga pacAsa sAdhu-sAdhvI isa kArya meM lage the aura AcAryapravara kI preraNA aura sAdhusAdhviyoM ke adamya utsAha se prAyaH battIsa sUtroM kI 'akArAdianukramaNikA' taiyAra ho gii| caturmAsa ke bAda kArya kI gati kucha manda huii| isakA mukhya kAraNa thA ki AcAryapravara kaI eka saMghIya kAryoM meM ati vyasta rahane lage yaha Avazyaka bhI thaa| parantu sAtha-sAtha cintana-manana calatA rahatA aura kArya ko gati dene ke lie prayAsa kiyA jaataa| una dinoM AcAryapravara saradArazahara meM the| eka jarmana vidvAn DaoNkTara rotha jaina darzana saMbaMdhI kaI jijJAsAoM ko lekara aaye| Agama-kArya ko dekha ve ati prasanna hue aura unhoMne kaI sujhAva bhI diye| unake sujhAva sundara the| kArya meM mor3a AyA aura kArya punaH drutagati se calane lgaa| dazavaikAlika kA pATha-saMzodhana sabase bar3I kaThinAI pATha-saMzodhana kI thii| jitane Adarza utane hI paatth| eka nirNaya para pahuMcanA ati kaThina thaa| usa samaya taka agastyasiMha muni kI cUrNi prApta nahIM ho sakI thii| parantu AcAryazrI ke pAsa anyAnya AdarzoM se pATha-saMzodhana kA kArya prArambha kara diyA gyaa| 'pATha-saMzodhana' ke grupa meM kArya karane vAle pAMca-pAMca sAdhuoM ko AcAryazrI ne apane pAsa bulA liyaa| sabhI AcAryazrI ke sAmane eka-eka Adarza le baiTha jaate| eka sAdhu mUla-pATha kA uccAraNa karatA aura sabhI sAdhu apane-apane AdarzoM se usakA milAna karate / jahAM-jahAM pharka AtA vahAM-vahAM anveSaNa kiyA jAtA-artha kI dRSTi se usakA milAna hotA aura sAre pAThAntaroM ko alaga-alaga nAma se aMkita kara liyA jaataa| mukhyarUpa se cUrNikAra jinadAsa mahattara aura TIkAkAra AcArya haribhadrasUri dvArA sammata pAThoM ko vizeSa mahattva dete| kabhI-kabhI cAra-pAca zlokoM meM hI sArA samaya laga

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79 dazavaikAlika : kArya-paddhati jaataa| parantu kArya kI dRSTi se vaha Avazyaka thaa| isa prakAra lagabhaga do ghaMTe taka kArya cltaa| sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko nyAya, darzana, vyAkaraNa Adi kA adhyayana karAne ke pazcAt AcAryapravara punaH pATha-saMzodhana ke kArya meM laga jaate| lagabhaga eka-Der3ha ghaMTe taka kArya cltaa| bIca-bIca meM Agantuka sajjana darzanArtha aate| kabhI-kabhI unase bAtacIta karanI par3atI thii| kucha dera unase bAtacIta kara punaH usI kArya meM laga jAte / AcAryapravara kI usa balavatI niSThA se kAryakartAoM meM svayaM sphUrti aura utsAha rahatA thaa| kabhI-kabhI garmI ke kAraNa kArya meM mana nahIM lagatA, parantu AcAryapravara ke pAsa jAte hI hama sabhI kaThinAiyoM ko bhUla jAte aura usI utsAha se kArya meM juTa jaate| uparyukta samaya to prAyaH nirdhArita thA hI, parantu jaba kabhI avakAza hotA AcAryapravara Agama-kArya meM laga jaate| rAtri meM punaH cintana calatA aura pATha ko sthira kara liyA jaataa| sAtha-sAtha zabdakoza kA kArya bhI calatA rahatA thaa| jitanA pATha saMzodhita hotA usake anusAra zabdoM kA cayana, artha aura saMskRta-chAyA kA kArya pUrA kiyA jAtA thaa| isa dizA meM AcAryapravara ke AdezAnusAra munizrI nathamalajI aura munizrI buddhamallajI nirdezaka ke rUpa meM kAma karate aura lagabhaga ATha-dasa sAdhu unake nirdezAnusAra zabdoM kA artha, saMskRta-chAyA Adi krte| do sAdhu zabdAnukramaNikA ko milAne meM juTa jaate| kaI sAdhu nirdezakoM ko kathita sAmagrI juTAne meM lage rhte| eka sAdhu saMzodhita pATha kI navIna prati taiyAra karane meM saMlagna rhtaa| isa prakAra lagabhaga pandraha sAdhu eka sAtha kAma meM lage rhte| dRzya dekhate hI banatA thaa| AcArya hemacandra kI 'caurAsI kalamoM vAlI' bAta ke pratyakSIkaraNa se mana prasanna ho uThatA thaa| ekamAtra AcAryapravara kA saMrakSaNa aura muniyoM ke satata parizrama se dazavaikAlika kA zabdakoza lagabhaga eka mahIne meM taiyAra ho gyaa| artha karane meM jahAM-jahAM kaThinAiyAM AtIM vahAM AcAryapravara apanI bahuzrutatA se use sulajhAte aura dizA-nirdeza karate rhte| kahanA cAhie ki AcAryapravara kA adhika samaya Agama-kArya meM lgtaa| saMgha ke ekamAtra adhinAyaka hone ke kAraNa zAsana kI sAraNA-vAraNA kA sArA bhAra unhIM para rahatA hai| pUrNa kuzalatA se usa kArya kA nirvAha karate hue bhI Apa itanA samaya Agama kArya meM lagAte haiM, yahI isa kArya kI zIghra samApti kA pUrva saMketa hai| kaI vyakti AcAryapravara ke pAsa Ate aura pUchate-'AcAryajI! Agama

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA kArya meM kitane paMDita kAma kara rahe haiM?' unakA Azaya gRhastha vetanabhogI paMDitoM se thaa| AcAryapravara kahate-'eka bhI nhiiN|' unheM Azcarya hotA, parantu nahIM mAnane jaisI bAta bhI to nahIM thii| pratidina hone vAle kArya pratyakSa pramANa the| AcAryapravara kahate-'terApaMtha zAsana meM adhyayana-adhyApana kA sArA kArya guru-paramparA se hotA hai| sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko par3hAne ke lie koI bhI vetanabhogI paMDita nahIM rhtaa| hAM! yadi koI bhojana kI taraha vidyA-dAna bhI karanA cAhe to hama yathAvakAza use le sakate haiN| guru-paramparA ke kAraNa hI artha kI paraMparA akSuNNa raha sakatI hai| kevala paMDitoM dvArA kie gae kAryoM se anartha haA hai-yaha Ajakala prakAzita Agama-sAhitya se sahajatayA jAnA jA sakatA hai| agastyasiMha muni kI cUrNi yaha cUrNi hameM gata caturmAsa meM milii| jo pATha aura artha cintanIya rakhe gae the unakA samAdhAna isa cUrNi se huA, parantu kaI eka naye pahalU bhI sAmane Ae jinakA ullekha svataMtra nibandhoM meM kiyA jaaegaa| dazavaikAlika kI yaha sabase prAcIna cUrNi hai, aisA vidvAnoM kA abhimata hai| muni puNyavijayajI ke athaka parizrama se yaha prakAza meM A sakI hai| isake prakAzana se nae tathyoM kI ora dhyAna gayA hai| pATha saMbaMdhI kaThinAI kucha hala avazya huI hai, phira bhI kaI sthala cintanIya raha jAte haiN| unake samAdhAna ke lie jainetara granthoM kA adhyayana apekSaNIya thaa| vaha bhI kiyA gyaa| usase kAphI samasyAeM hala huiiN| isa kArya meM agastyasiMha muni ke pATha aura artha mAnya kiye gae haiM, parantu aneka sthaloM para svataMtra cintana se bhI kAma liyA gayA hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki kaI sthaloM meM agastya muni bhI artha pakar3ane meM saphala nahIM hue haiN| yaha anyAnya pramANoM se puSTa ho jAtA hai| aisI avasthA meM svataMtra cintana se kAma nahIM lenA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| zabdoM kI saMskRta-chAyA meM bhI kAphI samaya lagAnA pdd'aa| sarvaprathama TIkAkAra ke AdhAra para saMskRta rUpa likhe gaye, parantu usase saMtoSa nahIM huaa| taba svataMtra cintana se kaI sthaloM ko badalanA par3A aura jo saMskRta rUpa nirdhArita kie gae una para sapramANa vistRta TippaNiyAM bhI likhI gaI haiN| isI prakAra eka viSaya-sUcI bhI taiyAra kara lI gaI jisase ki vihaMgama dRSTi se sAre sUtroM kA pratipAdya sahajatayA sAmane A ske| eka vizeSa bAta

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dazavaikAlika : kArya-paddhati yaha rahI ki viSaya-sUcI ke sAtha-sAtha pAribhASika zabdoM ko bhI alaga-alaga chAMTa liyA gayA aura cUrNikAroM ke AdhAra para ve paribhASAeM bhI de dI gaIM, jisase pAThaka ko artha kI maulikatA bhI jJAta ho sake / cUrNi kI prati phoToprinTa thI / par3hane meM kucha kaThinAI bhI hotI, parantu kArya-niSThA ke Age ve kaThinAiyAM gauNa thiiN| kArya bahuta hI prAmANikatA aura tatparatA se kiyA gayA hai| jahAM kahIM vicAraNIya-sthala AyA use cintana ke lie chor3a diyA gyaa| tatpazcAt anyAnya srotoM dvArA usa sthala ko samajhane kA prayAsa kiyA gyaa| samajha meM nahIM Ane taka anveSaNa cAlU rahA aura anyAnya vidvAnoM se bhI ukta sthaloM para parAmarza liyA gayA / 81 yaha to sarvamAnya hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra kA vihAra- kSetra bihAra aura usakA pArzvavartI kSetra hI rahA hai| sUtroM meM sthAnIya zabda saMgRhIta hue haiM, yaha spaSTa hai / jaba AcAryazrI sItApura meM virAjate the vahAM ke DaoNkTara navalabihArI mizra tathA unake sAthI avadhI bhASA kA koza taiyAra kara rahe the / avadhI bhASA meM prAkRta aura pAlI ke aneka zabda haiN| unakA sahI artha pakar3ane meM unheM kaThinAI anubhava ho rahI thI / ve AcAryazrI ke pAsa Ae aura unhoMne apanI kaThinAiyAM sAmane rakhIM / yathAzakya unakA samAdhAna kiyA gayA / dazavaikAlika (7/28) meM prayukta 'maiyaM' zabda ke artha kA nizcaya TIkAkAra aura cUrNikAroM ke AdhAra para kara liyA gayA, kintu usakA hArda samajha meM na A sakA thA / kaI jAnakara vyaktiyoM se pUchA gayA, kRSikAroM se bhI pUchA gayA, parantu sahI artha yA praNAlI samajha meM nahIM aayii| DaoNkTara mizra se pUche jAne para unhoMne kahA- yahAM 'maDayA' zabda kA prayoga hotA hai / yaha zabda kheta meM bIja bo dene ke pazcAt eka samakASTha ke Tukar3e se sArI jamIna ko sama banAne ke artha meM rUr3ha hai / yahI artha TIkAkAroM aura cUrNikAroM ne kiyA hai / sArI praNAlI samajha meM A gii| kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki tattaddezIya zabdoM ko yadi tattaddezIya logoM ke dvArA na samajhA jAe to sahI artha pakar3ane meM kaThinAI hotI hai / isa prakAra kA prayAsa kiyA gayA aura bahuta kucha saphalatA prApta huI / - - kArya-kAla meM kaI bAra utAra-car3hAva Ae / kArya-praNAlI meM parivartana hue| jyoM-jyoM anveSaNa kA kArya Age bar3hatA gayA tyoM-tyoM nae-nae tathya sAmane aae| aba dazavaikAlika sUtra kA kArya prAyaH samApti para hai /

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA mparA ___22. dazavaikAlika : itihAsa aura paramparA dazavakAlika sUtra kI utpatti sudharmA svAmI bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pAMcaveM gaNadhara the| unake bAda jaMbU svAmI hue| unake nirvANa ke bAda AcArya prabhava saMgha ke adhipati bane / eka bAra unake mana meM yaha cintA huI-mere pIche AcArya kauna hogA? unhoMne apane sAdhu-saMgha ko dekhaa| isa gurutara bhAra ko vahana karane vAlA vahAM koI najara nahIM aayaa| cintana cAlU rhaa| Akhira unhoMne dekhA ki rAjagRha meM zayyaMbhava brAhmaNa unakA uttarAdhikArI banane yogya hai| unhoMne apane do ziSyoM ko bulAkara kahA-tuma rAjagRha jAo aura zayyaMbhava ke yajJavATa se bhikSA laao| yadi vaha bhikSA na de to yaha kahakara lauTa AnA-'kheda hai, tattva nahIM jAnA jA rahA hai|' donoM ziSya vahAM gye| bhikSA na dene para unhoMne kahA-'yaha duHkha kI bAta hai ki tattva nahIM jAnA jA rahA hai|' yajJavATa ke daravAje para baiThe zayyaMbhava ne yaha sunaa| usane socA-ye sAdhu upazAMta haiM, tapasvI haiN| ye jhUTha nahIM bolte| kyA maiM abhI taka tattva nahIM jAna pAyA? use zaMkA huii| vaha apane adhyApaka ke pAsa gayA aura usane kahA-'tattva kyA hai?' adhyApaka ne kahA-'veda hI tattva hai|' zayyaMbhava ko yaha nahIM jNcaa| usane apanI talavAra bAhara nikAlate hue kahA-'yadi Apa mujhe sahI-sahI tattva nahIM batAyeMge, to maiM ApakA sira kATa luuNgaa|' ___adhyApaka ko kucha Dara lgaa| usane kahA-'arhat prarUpita dharma hI saccA tattva hai|' zayyaMbhava ko saMtoSa huaa| vaha adhyApaka ke pairoM meM gira pdd'aa| yajJavATa kI samUcI jamIna unheM dekara, vaha una donoM sAdhuoM kI khoja meM nikala pdd'aa| ve apane AcArya prabhava ke pAsa pahuMca gaye the| vaha bhI vahAM aayaa| AcArya ko vaMdanA kara pUchA-'mujhe dharma kA rahasya btaaiye|' ___ AcArya prabhava ne use pahicAnA aura sAdhu dharma kA marma smjhaayaa| zayyaMbhava pravrajita hue| ve caudaha pUrvadhara bane / jaba unhoMne dIkSA lI, taba unakI strI garbhavatI thii| kauTumbika loga kahate-'yaha apanI taruNa strI ko chor3akara sAdhu banA hai| yaha aputra hai|' unakI strI se pUchate-'kyA tU garbhavatI hai?' vaha

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dazavaikAlika : itihAsa aura paramparA kahatI-manAk (kucha) AbhAsa hotA hai| yathAsamaya usane eka putra ko janma diyaa| bAraha dina pUrNa hone para usakA nAmakaraNa huaa| garbhAvasthA meM logoM ke pUchane para vaha kahatI-manAk (kucha) AbhAsa hotA hai, isalie usakA nAma 'manaka' rkhaa| ___ manaka ATha varSa kA ho cukA thaa| eka bAra usane apanI mAM se pUchA-'mAM mere pitA kauna hai?' usane kahA-'tere pitA pravrajita ho ge|' vaha apane pitA kI khoja meM ghara se nikala pdd'aa| una dinoM muni zayyaMbhava campApurI meM vihAra kara rahe the| manaka vahAM phuNcaa| vaha gAMva ke bAhara ThaharA / muni zaucArtha bAhara jA rahe the| manaka ne unheM dekha vandanA kii| bAlaka ko dekhate hI muni ke mana meM prema umar3a pdd'aa| bAlaka kA mana bhI prema se gadgada ho gyaa| muni ne pUchA-'tuma kahAM se Aye ho?' manaka-rAjagRha se| muni-kisa ke putra aura pautra ho? yahAM kyoM Aye ho? manaka-mere pitA kA nAma zayyaMbhava hai| unhoMne dIkSA le lii| maiM unase milane AyA huuN| maiM dIkSA lenA cAhatA huuN| kyA Apa unheM jAnate haiM? muni-hAM, maiM unheM bhalIbhAMti jAnatA huuN| ve mere abhinna mitra haiN| tuma mere pAsa dIkSA le lo| manaka-hAM, aisA hI kruuNgaa| muni apane sthAna para aaye| kucha socA aura use dIkSita kara diyaa| unhoMne apanI yogadRSTi se dekhA ki isakI Ayu kevala chaha mAsa kI zeSa rahI hai| itane alpakAla meM ise vidhipUrvaka sAre zAstroM kA adhyayana nahIM karAyA jA sktaa| isalie mujhe aisA prayatna karanA cAhie ki isa alpa avadhi meM hI samyak jJAna-darzana-cAritra kA pUrNa anuSThAna kara ske| aisA vicAra kara Agama ke pUrva bhAga se Avazyaka aMga uddhRta kara eka zAstra rcaa| usake dasa adhyayana hue aura usakI pUrti vikAla velA meM huI, isalie usakA nAma 'dazavaikAlika' sUtra rkhaa|' yaha svataMtra racanA nahIM hai| sAre adhyayana anyAgamoM se saMkalita kie gaye haiN| isameM bhI do pakSa rahe haiN| eka pakSa kI yaha mAnyatA rahI hai ki AtmapravAda (sAtaveM) pUrva se dharmaprajJapti 1. dazavaikAlika niyukti, gAthA, 14 /

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Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA (chajjIvaNiyA ) nAmaka cauthA adhyayana, karmapravAda (AThaveM) pUrva se piNDaiSaNA nAmaka pAMcavAM adhyayana, satyapravAda (chaTThe) se 'vAkya-zuddhi' nAmaka sAtavAM adhyayana aura avaziSTa sAta adhyayana pratyAkhyAna (nauveM ) pUrva kI tIsarI vastu se niryUhaNa kie gae haiM / 84 dUsare pakSa kI yaha mAnyatA rahI hai ki 'manaka' para anugraha karake gaNipiTaka-dvAdazAMgI se dazavaikAlika sUtra kA niryUhaNa kiyA gayA hai / prAraMbha meM jaina sUtra gaNipiTaka yA 'zrutajJAna' kI saMjJA se vyavahRta hote the / naMdI sUtra meM aMga praviSTa aura anaMga praviSTa yA aMga bAhya Adi saMjJAeM milatI haiM / upAMga, mUla, cheda Adi saMjJAeM nahIM thIM / mUla, cheda, Avazyaka Adi saMjJAeM bahuta bAda meM vyavahRta huI / jaina sUtroM meM naMdI, anuyogadvAra, dazavaikAlika aura uttarAdhyayana-ina cAroM kI mUla saMjJA hai| isakI saMgati yoM hai - Agama ke anusAra mokSa ke cAra mUla sAdhana haiM---jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura tapa / ina cAroM sUtroM meM kramazaH inhIM kI pradhAnatA hai / dazavaikAlika sUtra meM sAdhu ke AcAra kA nirUpaNa hai / isalie ise mUla saMjJA dI gaI hai| dazavaikAlika sUtra ke viSaya isa sUtra ke dasa adhyayana aura do cUlikAeM haiN| eka-eka adhyayana kI samagra dRSTi se, niyuktikAra ke matAnusAra, isake viSaya yoM haiM 'pahale adhyayana meM dharma kI prazaMsA kI gaI hai aura dharma kA svarUpa bhI batAyA gayA hai / dUsare adhyayana meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki usa dharma kA pAlana parISahoM meM dhairya se hI kiyA jA sakatA hai| tIsare adhyayana meM choTI AcAra kathA, jo ki AtmA ke lie saMyama kA upAya hai, kA vivecana hai| cauthe adhyayana meM chaha prakAra ke jIvoM meM saMyama rakhane kA vidhi-vidhAna hai| pAMcaveM adhyayana meM bhikSA-vidhi kA samagra vivecana hai / chaTThe meM sAdhu ke AcAra kA vistRta vivaraNa hai| sAtaveM adhyayana meM vANI ke viveka kA nirUpaNa hai| AThaveM 1. dazavaikAlika niyukti, gAthA, 15, 16 / 2. dazavaikAlika niyukti, gA. 17 / 3. nANaM ca daMsaNaM ceva caritaM ca tavo tahA / esa maggo tti paNNatto, jiNehiM varadaMsihiM / / (uttarA 28 / 2)

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dazavaikAlika : itihAsa aura paramparA adhyayana meM AcAra meM samAdhi rakhane kA prakaraNa hai| nauveM adhyayana meM vinaya kA aura dasaveM adhyayana meM sAdhu kauna? kI samagra paribhASA hai| pahalI cUlikA meM sAdhupana se mana ucaTa jAne para usake sthirIkaraNa ke upAyoM kA digdarzana hai| dUsarI cUlikA meM vivikta caryA kA sundara nirUpaNa hai|' hamane isa sUtra ko lagabhaga tIna sau viSayoM meM bAMTA haiN| eka-eka padya meM kahIM-kahIM do-do viSaya bhI A gae haiN| isa prakAra usake vistRta viSayIkaraNa se sUtra kI mahattA para sahaja prakAza par3a sakatA hai| udAharaNa ke lie prathama do adhyayanoM ke viSaya yahAM diye jAte haiN| pahalA adhyayana : drumapuSpikA (dharmaprazaMsA aura mAdhukarI vRtti) zloka : 1. dharma kA mAhAtmya, dharma kA svarUpa aura dhArmika kA maahaatmy| zloka : 2-5. mAdhukarI vRtti| dUsarA adhyayana : zrAmaNyapUrvaka (saMyama meM dhRti aura usakI sAdhanA) zloka : 1. zrAmaNya aura madana kAma / 2,3. tyAgI kauna? 4,5. kAma-rAga-nivAraNa, manonigraha ke sAdhana / 6. manonigraha kA cintana sUtra, agandhana-kula ke sarpa kA udaahrnn| 7-9. rathanemi ko rAjImatI kA upadeza, haTavRkSa kA udaahrnn| 10. rathanemi kA saMyama meM punaH sthirIkaraNa / 11. saMbuddha kA krtvy| eka bAta sAdhAraNatayA Aja taka yaha samajhA jAtA rahA hai ki dazavaikAlika sUtra sIdhA aura sarala hai| isakA kAraNa yahI thA ki jaina sampradAyoM meM zaikSa ke lie yaha prathama paThanIya sUtra rahA hai| prAyaH jaina muni dIkSita hote hI ise kaMThastha karate haiM aura kAlAntara meM yahI svAdhyAya kA viSaya banA rahatA hai| parantu abhI-abhI AcAryazrI ke Adeza se munizrI nathamalajI (AcArya mahAprajJa) ne isakA anuvAda prAraMbha kiyaa| anuvAdakAla meM munizrI ko yaha kahate sunA-'aise to yaha

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86 Agama sampAdana kI yAtrA sUtra jaina muniyoM ke lie dAla - -roTI sA banA huA hai / parantu isake cintana aura manana se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki yaha sAdhAraNa yogya nahIM hai| isameM itanA saMkSepIkaraNa hai ki jaba taka AcArAMga aura nizItha sUtra kA pUrA-pUrA anuzIlana nahIM kiyA jAtA taba taka isake kaI viSaya bahuta aspaSTa raha jAte haiN| kaI zabdoM kA mUla artha pakar3A hI nahIM jaataa|' ye zabda hamane unake muMha se kaI bAra sune / hameM lagA - itane bar3e vidvAn muni, jinakA pratikSaNa cintana aura manana meM hI samaya vyatIta hotA hai, kI bhI isa sAdhAraNa sUtra ke prati yaha dhAraNA hai, taba hama jaise vidyArthiyoM ke lie to kahanA hI kyA ? dazavaikAlika sUtra ke kucha eka durUhasthala bhagavAn mahAvIra ke lagabhaga eka hajAra varSa bAda devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa ke satprayatna se AgamoM kA vidyamAna rUpa sthira kiyA gayA thA / usake bAda Aja taka aisI koI saMgati nahIM huI, jisase pAThoM kI vividhatA para vicAra kiyA gayA ho| isake abhAva meM pATha parivartita hue, artha meM viparyAsa huA aura anyAnya graMthoM ke zloka bhI isameM sammilita ho gye| isalie yaha sAmayika AvazyakatA hai ki isa para pUrA-pUrA vicAra kiyA jAe aura isa dizA meM kucha kArya kiyA jAe / inhIM pahaluoM ko chUne vAle kucha udAharaNa vidvAnoM ke samakSa rakha kara isa ora unakA dhyAna AkRSTa karanA cAhatA huuN| pATha kI dRSTi se - dazavaikAlika kI pratiyoM meM chaTTe adhyayana kA zloka - 'vayachakkaM', 'kAyachakkaM' upalabdha hotA hai aura kaI pratiyoM meM nahIM / TIkAkAra zrIharibhadrasUri ne 'niyuktikAra Aha' aisA kahakara isa zloka kA ullekha kiyA hai / dazavaikAlika sUtra para agastyasiMha muni kI aura jinadAsa mahattara kI do vizruta cUrNiyAM haiM / unameM bhI isa zloka kA ullekha huA hai| agastyasiMha muni ne 'tesiM vivaraNatthamimA nijjutti'"aisA likhakara isa zloka kA ullekha kiyA hai| eka prAcIna Adarza (prati) meM 'iyaM niryuktigAthA' likhakara yaha gAthA dI hai| saMbhavataH aisA huA hai ki prAcIna samaya meM 'niryuktikAra Aha' aisA likhakara yaha zloka diyA jAtA rahA ho aura dhIre-dhIre kAlAntara meM 'niryuktikAra Aha' ye zabda chUTa gaye ho aura 1. a. cU. pR. 144 /

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dazavaikAlika ke artha aura aitihAsika tathya isa zloka ko mUla sUtra kA zloka hI mAna liyA gayA ho| isakI puSTi isa bAta se bhI ho jAtI hai ki yaha zloka mUla niyukti meM bhI jyoM kA tyoM milatA hai| sAtaveM adhyayana meM bhI aisA hI kucha huA hai| munizrI ne isakA samAdhAna yoM kiyA hai-agastyasiMha muni aura jinadAsa mahattara kI cUrNiyoM meM sAtaveM adhyayana meM AThaveM, naveM aura dasaveM zloka kI jagaha do hI zloka haiM aura ve ina tInoM zlokoM se bhinna haiN| viSaya-varNana kI dRSTi se koI antara nahIM jAna par3atA, kintu zabda-saMkalanA kI dRSTi se cUrNi meM vyAkhyAta zloka gaMbhIra aura prazasta haiN| TIkAkAra ne ye zloka kahAM se lie, yaha abhI jJAta nahIM ho sakA hai| saMbhava hai yA to TIkAkAra ke sAmane cUrNikAra se bhinna paramparA ke Adarza rahe hoM yA kisI dUsare zAstra kI sarala gAthAoM ne inakA sthAna pA liyA ho, kucha bhI ho yaha bahuta hI vimarzanIya-sthala hai| ___ isI prakAra vartamAna meM pracalita pATha TIkAkAra haribhadrasUri dvArA sammata pATha agastyasiMha muni dvArA sammata pAThoM meM vibhinnatA hai| yaha abhI taka anveSaNa kA viSaya hai ki TIkAkAra cUrNikAroM kI kRtiyoM kI kyoM upekSA kara, svataMtra rUpa se calate rhe| yaha nirvivAda hai ki cUrNiyAM TIkAoM se bahuta prAcIna haiN| dazavaikAlika para agastyasiMha muni kI cUrNi sabase prAcIna mAnI jAtI hai| unake dvArA kRta cUrNi meM aura TIkAkAra ke sammata pAThoM meM atyadhika antara kyoM rahA hai? yaha Aja bhI praznavAcaka cihna banA huA hai| jahAM-jahAM TIkAkAra aura cUrNikAra pATha ke viSaya meM eka mata nahIM hai, una pAThoM kA hamane saMkalana kiyA hai parantu sArI sAmagrI yahAM para prastuta kI jAya, vaha isa nibandha kA viSaya nahIM hai| ataH saMketamAtra diyA jAnA hI saMbhava hai| 23. dazavaikAlika ke artha aura aitihAsika tathya artha kI dRSTi se dazavaikAlika (5 / 1 / 67) meM ullikhita 'nisseNiM phalagaM pIDhaM....' yaha zloka bhI artha kI dRSTi se vivAdagrasta hai| cUrNikAra aura TIkAkAra kA matadvaidha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai| cUrNikAra dvArA kiyA gayA artha sahI hai, isakI saMgati AyAracUlA ke (187veM) sUtra se spaSTa pratIta hotI hai| munizrI

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88 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA nathamalajI ne isa para TippaNa likhate hue kahA hai ___ isa zloka meM nizreNi, phalaka, pITha, maMca, kIla aura prAsAda-ina chaha zabdoM ke anvaya meM cUrNikAra va TIkAkAra eka mata nahIM hai| cUrNikAra nizreNi, phalaka aura pITha ko ArohaNa ke sAdhana tathA maMca, kIla aura prAsAda ko Arohya sthAna mAnate haiM-(NisseNI...ANejjA-ji.cUrNi, pR.183)| TIkAkAra pahale pAMcoM zabdoM ko ArohaNa ke sAdhana aura prAsAda ko Arohya sthAna mAnate haiM-(nizreNiM phalakaM pITham 'ussavittA' utsRtya UrdhvaM kRtvA ityarthaH, Arohet maJcaM kIlakaM ca utsRtya kamorohedityAha-prAsAdam-hA.TI.pa. 176) / AyAracUlA ke anusAra cUrNikAra kA mata ThIka jAna par3atA haiN| vahAM (187veM) sUtra meM antarikSa-sthAna para rakhA huA AhAra lAyA jAe use mAlApahRta kahA gayA hai| vahAM aMtarikSa-sthAnoM ke jo nAma ginAe haiM unameM'thaMbhaMsivA, maMcaMsivA, pAsAyaMsi vA' ye tIna zabda yahAM ullekhanIya haiN| inheM Arohya sthAna mAnA gayA hai| (187veM) sUtra meM ArohaNa ke sAdhana batalAe haiM, unameM 'pIDhaM vA, phalagaM vA, nisseNiM vA'-inakA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| ina donoM sUtroM ke AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki ina chaha zabdoM meM pahale tIna zabda jina para car3hA jAe, unakA nirdeza karate haiM aura agale tIna zabda car3hane ke sAdhanoM ko batalAte haiN| TIkAkAra ne 'maMca' aura 'kIla' ko pahale tIna zabdoM ke sAtha jor3A usakA kAraNa inake Age kA 'ca' zabda jAna par3atA hai| isI prakAra 'niyAga' zabda bhI bahuta vivAdAspada hai| isakA ullekha tIsare adhyayana ke dUsare zloka meM aura chaTe adhyayana ke (48veM) zloka meM huA hai| vartamAna meM 'niyAga' zabda kA artha isa prakAra kiyA hai-AdarapUrvaka nimaMtraNa de, usake ghara se pratidina bhikSA lenA 'niyAga' 'niyatatA' yA nibaMdha nAma kA anAcAra hai| avacUrIkAra ne TIkAkAra kA hI anusaraNa kiyA hai| stabakoM (TabboM) meM bhI yahI artha rahA hai| artha kI yaha paramparA chUTakara 'eka ghara kA AhAra sadA nahIM lenA' yaha paramparA kaba calI, isakA mUla sAhitya meM nahIM, kintu paramparA meM hI DhUMr3hA jA sakatA hai| isa TippaNa ko munizrI Age le gaye haiM aura nizItha, AcArAMga Adi ke uddharaNoM se viSaya ko kAphI spaSTa kiyA hai| TippaNa ko aura Age bar3hAte

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dazavaikAlika ke artha aura aitihAsika tathya hue munizrI ne likhA hai-pANini ne pratidina niyamita rUpa se die jAne vAle bhojana ko 'niyukta bhojana' kahA hai-'tadasmai dIyate niyuktaM'1 (4 / 4 / 46) / isake anusAra jisa vyakti ko pahale bhojana diyA jAe vaha 'Agrabhojanika' kahalAtA hai| isa sUtra meM pANini ne agrapiNDa kI sAmAjika-paramparA ke anusAra vyaktiyoM ke nAmakaraNa kA nirdeza kiyA hai| sAdhAraNa yAcaka svayaM niyata bhojana lene cale jAte the| brAhmaNa, purohita aura zramaNoM ko AmaMtraNa yA nimaMtraNa diyA jAtA thaa| purohitoM ke lie nimaMtraNa ko asvIkAra karanA doSa mAnA jAtA thaa| bauddha-bhikSu nimaMtraNa pAkara bhojana karane jAte the| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne nimaMtraNapUrvaka bhikSA lene kA niSedha kiyA hai| isa prakAra artha kI dRSTi se bhI dazavaikAlika sUtra nirApada nahIM hai| artha karate samaya sarvAMgINa jJAna kI kitanI apekSA rahatI hai-yaha ina TippaNiyoM se spaSTa pratIta hotA hai| isI taraha 'dantapahoyaNa', 'dantavaNa', 'saMpucchaNa' Adi-Adi zabda bhI dhyAna dene yogya haiN| sAtaveM adhyayana kA 'jaM tu nAmei sAsayaM' (dazavai. 4) meM sAsayaM zabda kA bhI artha ThIka nahIM huA hai| __'soraTThiya' (dazavai. 5 / 1 / 34) zabda kA artha bhI galata huA hai| sthAnakavAsI sampradAya ke AcArya AtmArAmajI ne isakA artha 'phiTakarI' kiyA hai| parantu dazavaikAlika ke ukta prakaraNa meM yaha artha ThIka nahIM lgtaa| kyoMki prakaraNagata zlokoM meM sacitta, har3atAla, mainasila Adi se sane hue hAtha, kar3achI yA bartana se bhojana grahaNa na kare-aisA ullekha hai| phiTakarI svayaM acitta hotI hai vaha eka rAsAyanika padArtha hai| isalie 'soraTThiya' kA phiTakarI artha upayukta nahIM lgtaa| isakA artha honA cAhie-'gopIcandana |'-(ek prakAra kI miTTI, jisako ragar3akara tilaka Adi kie jAte haiM)-isa artha ko puSTa karane vAlA pramANa hameM 'zAligrAmanighaNTu' meM milatA hai| vahAM bhI usakA artha gopIcaMdana hI kiyA gayA hai| TIkAkAra ne 'soraTThiya' kA artha tavarikA kiyA hai| 'tuvarikA' gopIcandana kA hI paryAyavAcI nAma hai, yaha TippaNa ke zloka se siddha ho jAtA hai| 1. bhikSuzabdAnuzAsanam : 'niyuktaM dIyate' (7 / 2 / 73) / 2. saurASTrayADhakI tuvarI, parpaTI kAlikA stii| sujAtA dezabhASAyAM, gopIcandanamucyate / / (zAligrAmanighaNTubhUSaNa, pR. 572)

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA cUrNikAra zrIjinadAsa mahattara ne likhA hai-'soraTThiyA tuvariyA, jIe suvaNNakArA uppaM kareMti suvaNNassa piMDaM / ' saurASTrikA-tuvarikA jisase svarNakAra sone ko AbhA pradAna karate haiN| isI prakAra nizItha-bhASya meM bhI saurASTrikA ko tuvarikA kahA hai| soraTThiyA-'tuvari maTThiyA bhaNNati / ' (nizIthacUrNikA, 4 / 34) / ina nidarzanoM se bhI 'soraTThiya' kA gopIcandana artha zuddha hai, aisA pratIta hotA hai| dazavakAlika ke aitihAsika tathya sAhitya yuga kA pratinidhi hotA hai| jisa kAla, deza meM sAhitya banatA hai, vaha usa kAla, deza kA darpaNa hotA hai| yuga kI sabhI bhAvanAoM kI sphuTa abhivyaMjanA usameM milatI hai| Agama-sAhitya ke bAre meM bhI yahI bAta hai| jisa kAla va kSetra meM inakI saMkalanA huI thI, usa sAmayika sthiti kA inameM yatra-tatra ullekha milatA hai| AvazyakatA hai ki unakI ucita saMkalanA ho| prastuta nibandha meM kevala dazavaikAlika ke kaI eka tathyoM kI ora vidvAnoM kA dhyAna AkRSTa kie detA huuN| pAMcaveM adhyayana (1 / 5 / 47-54) meM eka prakaraNa hai ki sAdhu ko dAnArtha, puNyArtha, vanIpakArtha aura zramaNArtha banA huA AhAra nahIM lenA caahie| __ina cAroM zabdoM se bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya kI dAna kI kucha paramparAoM kA jJAna prApta hotA hai| usa samaya aisI rIti pracalita rahI ho ki jo koI pravAsI apane deza lauTatA, vaha apane sAmarthya ke anusAra logoM ko bhojana karavAtA, bar3e-bar3e jImanavAra karatA, bhUkhoM ko, apAhijoM ko bhojana, pAnI, kapar3A Adi detaa| yaha sArA 'dAnArtha' kahA jAtA thaa| vanIpakArtha kA vistRta vivecana sthAnAMga sUtra meM milatA hai| vahAM pAMca prakAra ke 'vanIpaka' ginAye gaye haiM-'atihivaNImage, mAhaNavaNImage, kiviNavaNImage, sANavaNImage, samaNavaNImage' (ThANaM 5 / 3 / 454) / __ vanIpaka kA artha karate hue TIkAkAra ne likhA hai-apanI dInatA' dUsaroM ko dikhAne se tathA tadanukUla dIna vANI se jo milatA hai, use 'vanI' kahate 1. ji. cU. pR. 179 / 2. pareSAmAtmaduHsthatvadarzanenA'nukUlabhASaNato yallabhyate dravyaM sA 'vanI' tAM pibati AsvAdayati pAtIti veti vanIpaH, sa eva vniipkH| (ThANaM, vR. 5 / 200)

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dazavaikAlika ke artha aura aitihAsika tathya 91 hai aura usa dravya ko lene vAlA yA usakA Asevana karane vAlA 'vanIpa' yA 'vanIpaka' kahalAtA hai| atithi-dAna kI prazaMsA kara yAcanA karane vAlA 'atithi vanIpaka', andhe, lUle, laMgar3e yA isI prakAra ke anya logoM ko dAna denA hI zreyaskara hai - aisA kahakara yAcanA karane vAle, 'kiviNa vanIpaka', brAhmaNoM ko diyA huA dAna hI phalaprada hotA hai - aisA kahakara yAcanA karane vAle 'mAhaNa vanIpaka', kutte Adi ke mAdhyama se yAcanA karane vAle 'zva - vanIpaka' aura isI prakAra 'zramaNa vanIpaka' kahalAte haiM / uparokta varNana se yaha sahajatayA jJAta ho jAtA hai ki usa samaya meM yAcakoM ke kitane prakAra the| deza kI sthiti aura logoM kI bhAvanAeM kaisI thIM Adi-Adi / pAMcaveM adhyayana kI (dazavai. 2 / 14) gAthA meM kahA gayA hai ki yadi gRhastha gocarAgra praviSTa sAdhu ko 'utpala' 'padma' Adi ko chedakara denA cAhe to sAdhu use grahaNa nahIM kare / isa gAthA se yaha spaSTa saMketa milatA hai ki usa samaya meM sAmAnya rasoIgharoM meM bhI kamala Adi kA prayoga hotA thA / prayoga kI vidhiyAM kauna-kauna-sI thIM - yaha anveSaNa kA viSaya hai| isase tAtkAlika logoM kI ruciyoM kA bhI sahaja adhyayana ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra Age kI gAthAoM meM bhI aneka padArthoM ke nAma ginAye gaye haiM / yaha unase patA calatA hai ki usa samaya meM kauna-kauna sI cIjeM khAdyarUpa meM vizeSa kAma AtI thIM aura 'sUiyaM vA asUiyaM ' ( dazave. 511198 ) / ina zabdoM se bhojana ko kaise saMskArita kiyA jAtA thA, isa para kAphI prakAza par3atA hai / 'tittagaM' - ( dazavai. 5 / 1 / 97) isa gAthA se logoM kI vibhinna ruciyoM kA patA calatA hai| kaI loga tiktabhojana ke abhyAsI the aura kaI kaTuka, Amla Adi bhojana ko rucikara mAnate the| kaI gharoM meM ye sAre bhojana, vyakti kI bhinna-bhinna ruciyoM ko saMtuSTa karane ke lie hote the / isase unakI sampannatA kA patA calatA hai / isa prakAra gahare ciMtana aura manana se aura bhI tathya sAmane lAye jA sakate haiN| AvazyakatA yaha hai ki pratyeka anveSaka isa sUtra ko choTA yA sarala na samajhakara gambhIratA va mananazIlatA se par3he tAki kucha navanIta sAmane A sake / maiMne prAraMbha meM likhA thA ki dazavaikAlika sUtra meM kaI sthala bahuta hI saMkSipta haiM / unakA artha ati durUha ho gayA hai / isalie zabdoM para TippaNiyAM

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Agama sampAdana kI yAtrA Avazyaka ho jAtI haiM / munizrI nathamalajI ne vistRta TippaNiyoM se zabdoM kI durUhatA ko dUra karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai / Apa bhI unakI upayogitA ko sahajarUpa se samajha sake; isalie eka do zabdoM kI TippaNiyoM kA, jo munizrI ne likhI haiM, ullekha kara denA atyAvazyaka mAnatA hUM / daMtapahoyaNA aura daMtavaNa kA TippaNa 'daMtapahoyaNA' aura daMtavaNa' - ye do anAcAra haiM / cUrNikAra 'agastyasiMha muni' aura 'jinadAsa mahattara' ne 'daMtapahoyaNA' zabda kA artha - dAMtoM ko kASTha-lakar3I, pAnI Adi se pakhAlanA kiyA hai- (daMtapahoyaNaM NAma daMtANa kaTThodagAdIhiM pakkhAlaNaM - ji . cU. pR. 113) / 92 agastyasiMha muni ne 'daMtavaNa' kA artha- dAMtoM kI vibhUSA karanA kiyA hai - daMtamaNaM daNANaM (vibhUsA) - a. cU. pR. 62 / kintu jinadAsa mahattara ne ise 'lokaprasiddha' kahakara chor3a diyA hai / TIkAkAra haribhadrasUri ne 'daMtapahoyaNA' kA artha - dAMtoM kA aMgulI Adi se prakSAlana kiyA hai - ( dantapradhAvanaM cAMgulyAdinA kSAlanam ) aura daMtavaNa kA dantakASTha- dantazodhana kiyA hai| isa prakAra cUrNikAra aura TIkAkAra ke abhimata se 'daMtapahoyaNA' kA artha spaSTa hai / kintu 'daMtavaNa' kA artha spaSTa nahIM hai| anAcAroM kI prAyazcitta vidhi 'nizItha sUtra' meM milatI hai| vahAM dAMtoM se saMbaMdha rakhane vAle tIna sUtra haiM 1. je bhikkhU appaNo daMte AghaMsejja vA paghaMsejja vA / 2. je bhikkhU appaNo daMte uccholejja vA padhovejja vA / 3. je bhikkhU appaNo daMte phUmejja vA raejja vA / ' bhASyakAra ne isakA artha 'dAMtoM ko aMgulI Adi se dhonA bAra-bAra dhonA, dAMtoM ko dantakASTha se ghisanA, bAra-bAra ghisanA aura dAMtoM ko raMganA' kiyA hai| nizItha ke tIna sUtroM kA abhiprAya dazavaikAlika ke 'daMtapahoyaNA' aura 'daMtavaNa' - ina do zabdoM meM baMdhA huA hai| daMtaprakSAlana daMtapahoyaNA se saMbaMdhita hai / 'dantazodhana' daMtauna Adi se dAMtoM ko ghisanA, bAra-bAra ghisanA aura dAMtoM ko raMganA tathA daMtavibhUSA kI anya koI kriyA karanA - ye saba daMtavaNa meM garbhita 1. ni. 15 / 131-33 /

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93 dazavaikAlika ke artha aura aitihAsika tathya kiye gaye haiN| AcArya vaTTakera na prakSAlana aura gharSaNa Adi sArI kriyAoM kA 'daMtamaNa' zabda se saMgraha kiyA haiM-aMguliNahAvalehiNIkAlIhi, pAsANachalliyAdIhiM / 'daMtamalAsohaNayaM saMjamagutti adNtmnn|' (mUlAcAramUlagaNAdhikAraH 33) / ___aMgulI, nakha, avalekhinI (daMtauna), kAlI (tRNavizeSa), painI, kaMkaNI, vRkSa kI chAla (valkala) Adi se dAMtoM ke maila ko zuddha nahIM karanA, yaha indriya- saMyama kI rakSA karane vAlA 'adaMtamana' mUla guNavrata haiN| pro. abhyaMkara ne 'daMtamaNNa' kA artha-'dAMtoM ko raMganA' (Painting The Teeth) kiyA hai| yaha mUlasparzI avazya hai para paryApta nahIM hai| eka-bhakta-bhojana agastyasiMha muni ne 'eka-bhakta-bhojana' kA artha 'eka bAra khAnA athavA rAga-dveSa rahita bhAva se khAnA kiyA hai-"egavAraM bhoyaNaM egassa vA rAgaddosarahiyasya bhoyaNaM / '' isa vAkya-racanA meM yaha prazna zeSa rahatA hai ki eka bAra kaba khAyA jAe? isa prazna kA samAdhAna divasa zabda kA prayoga kara jinadAsa mahattara kara dete haiM-'egassa rAgadosarahiyasya bhoaNaM ahavA ikkavAraM divasao bhoynnNti|" TIkAkAra dravya-bhAva kI yojanA ke sAtha cUrNikAra ke mata kA hI samarthana karate haiM-'dravyata ekam-ekasaMkhyAnugataM, bhAvata ekaM karmabandhAbhAvAdadvitIyaM taddivasa eva rAgAdirahitasya anyathA bhAvata ektvaabhaavaaditi'| kAla ke do vibhAga haiM-dina aura rAta / rAtri-bhojana zramaNa ke lie sarvathA niSiddha hai| isalie ise satata tapa kahA gayA hai| zeSa rahA divasa-bhojana / prazna yaha hai ki divasa-bhojana ko eka-bhakta-bhojana mAnA jAe yA dina meM eka bAra khAne ko? cUrNikAra aura TIkAkAra ke abhimata se dina meM eka bAra khAnA eka-bhakta-bhojana hai| AcArya vaTTakera ne bhI isakA artha yahI kiyA hai 'udayatthamaNe kAle NAlItiyavajjiyamhi majjhamhi / ekamhi dua tie vA muhuttakAleyabhattaM tu|' (mUlAcAra-mUlaguNAdhikAra 35) sUrya ke udaya aura astakAla kI tIna ghar3I chor3akara yA madhyakAla meM eka muhUrta, do muharta yA tIna muhUrta kAla meM eka bAra bhojana karanA, yaha ekabhakta-mUla mUla-guNa hai| 1. a. cU. pR. 148 / 3. hA. TI. pa. 199 / 2. ji. cU. pR. 222 /

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Agama sampAdana kI yAtrA skandapurANakArakoM kA bhI isakA yahI artha mAnya hai - 'dinArddhasamaye'tIte, bhujyate niyamena yat / ekabhaktamiti proktaM, rAtrau tanna kadAcana / ' 94 uttarAdhyayana (26 / 12 ) ke anusAra sAmAnyataH eka bAra tIsare pahara meM bhojana karane kA krama rahA hai / para yaha vizeSa pratijJA rakhane vAle zramaNoM ke liye thA yA sabake lie, isakA koI spaSTa ullekha nahIM milatA, kintu AgamoM ke kucha anya sthaloM ke adhyayana se patA calatA hai ki yaha krama sabake lie yA saba sthitiyoM meM nahIM rahA hai| jo nirgrantha sUryodaya se pahale AhAra lekara sUryodaya ke bAda use khAtA hai vaha 'kSetrAtikrAnta' pAna - bhojana' hai| nizItha (10 / 31-39) ke 'uggayavittIe aura aNatthamiyamaNasaMkappe ' - ina do zabdoM kA phalita yaha hai ki bhikSu kA bhojanakAla sUryodaya se lekara sUryAsta ke bIca kA koI bhI kAla ho sakatA hai / yahI Azaya dazavaikAlika ke nimna zloka meM milatA hai atthaMgayammi Aicce, puratthA ya aNuggae / AhAramaiyaM savvaM, maNasA vina patthae / / (8/28) tAtparya yaha hai ki yadi kevala tIsare pahara meM hI bhojana karane kA sArvadika vidhAna hotA to sUryodaya yA sUryAsta huA hai yA nahIM, aisI vicikitsA kA prasaMga hI nahIM AtA aura na ' kSetrAtikrAnta pAna - bhojana' hI hotA, para aisI vicikitsA kI sthiti kA bhagavatI, nizItha aura bRhatkalpa (5 / 6) meM ullekha huA hai| isase jAna par3atA hai ki bhikSuoM ke bhojana kA samaya prAtaHkAla aura sAyaMkAla hI rahA haiN| ogha - niryukti meM vizeSa sthiti meM prAtaH, madhyAhna, sAyaM-ina tInoM samayoM meM bhojana karane kI anujJA milatI hai / isa prakAra 'eka-bhakta- bhojana' ke sAmAnyataH eka bAra kA bhojana aura vizeSa paristhiti meM divasa-bhojana - ye donoM artha mAnya rahe haiM I isa prakAra kucha tathyoM kA nirdeza maiMne kiyA hai / ina tathyoM se dazavaikAlika sUtra kI zAlInatA svataH siddha ho jAtI hai / uparokta vivaraNa se yaha spaSTa ho gayA hai ki sUtrapAThoM meM va artha meM kitanI gar3abar3a huI hai aura 1. goyamA ! je NaM niggaMtho vA niggaMdhI vA phAsuesaNijjaM asaNaM .... aNuggae sUrie paDiggAhittA uggae sUrie AhAraM AhAreti, esa NaM gahaNesaNA ? khettAtikaMte pANabhoyaNe / ( bhagavatI 7 / 1 sU. 21) / 2. oghaniryukti gAthA 250, bhASyagA. 148-149 /

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dazavakAlika kA pAMcavAM adhyayana : eka dRSTi ho rahI hai| pATha-nirdhAraNa kI bhI eka samasyA hai| jitanI pratiyAM, utane hI saMzodhana......aisI dazA meM eka pATha kA nirdhAraNa karanA ati kaThina ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra artha kA samAdhAna bhI sarala nahIM haiN| AvazyakatA hai ki isa dizA meM kArya karane vAle vidvAn pUrNa sajagatA se kArya kareM aura kisI nirNaya para pahuMcane se pUrva viSaya ke cAroM ora gaharI DubakiyAM leM tabhI ve kucha naI cIja de skeNge| anyathA pallavagrAhI nirNayoM se kucha nahIM bnegaa| AcAryazrI tulasI ke AdezAnusAra calane vAlA 'Agama-anveSaNa kA kArya' kAphI pragati kara cukA hai| dazavaikAlika sUtra kA sAMgopAMga anveSaNa prAyaH samApti para hai| akArAdi-anukramaNikA, viSaya-sUcI, saMskRta-chAyA, tulanAtmaka TippaNiyAM, viSaya ko spaSTa karane vAle TippaNa va kathAnaka, hindI meM anuvAda, pATha-saMzodhana Adi kArya samApta ho cuke haiN| bhUmikA-lekhana kA kArya avaziSTa hai, jo zIghra hI prAraMbha kara diyA jaaegaa| Aja taka dazavaikAlika ke kaI anuvAda sAmane A cuke haiN| unameM bahata sI bhUleM raha gaI haiN| yaha ho sakatA hai ki kArya karane vAloM ne anveSaNa sAmagrI ke abhAva meM una para dhyAna na diyA ho yA pramAda va pUrvAbhinivezavaza unase truTi ho gaI ho| 24. dazavaikAlika kA pAMcavAM adhyayana : eka dRSTi gAthA aura zloka vyavahAra meM Agama ke padyoM ko 'gAthA' kahA jAtA hai| yadi kisI se pUchA jAya ki dazavakAlika sUtra ke kitane padya haiM to uttara hogA ki sAta sau gAthAeM haiN| 'gAthA' eka chandavizeSa kA nAma hai| samasta padyoM ko isa zabda dvArA saMgraha karanA ucita nahIM lgtaa| padyazabda samasta chandoM kA saMgrAhaka bana sakatA hai| alaga-alaga chandoM kA nirUpaNa eka sAtha na karane ke kAraNa padya kahakara usa chandonibaddha sUtra ko grahaNa karanA ucita lagatA hai| yadi yaha kaha diyA jAya ki dazavaikAlika sUtra meM itane padya haiM to yaha sahI saMketa ho sakatA hai| prAkRta chandonuzAsana ke anusAra 'AryA' ko 'gAhA' kahA jAtA hai aura anuSTup zloka ko 'siloga' (zloka) kahate haiN| anusaMdhAna se yaha patA lagA hai ki dazavaikAlika sUtra meM gAthAeM nahIM haiN| (dUsarI paramparA ke anusAra kucha

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA haiM) prAyaH chanda zloka haiM aura yatra tatra anya chandoM kA bhI prayoga huA hai| kauna-kauna se adhyayana meM kauna-kauna se chanda prayukta hue haiM? yaha eka svataMtra nibandha kA viSaya hai| isa nibaMdha meM kevala dazavaikAlika sUtra ke pAMcaveM adhyayana para anyAnya dRSTiyoM se kucha vicAra prastuta kiye jA rahe haiN| pracalita mAnyatA ke AdhAra para pAMcaveM adhyayana ke 150 padya mAne jAte haiN| kintu cUrNikAra aura TIkAkAra isameM ekamata nahIM haiN| TIkAkAra AcArya haribhadrasUri 150 padya svIkAra karate haiN| __cUrNikAra jinadAsa mahattara kucha vizeSa padyoM ko mAnakara calate haiN| prathama uddezaka kA tetIsavAM zloka 'evaM udaolle'-ve svIkAra nahIM krte| isa zloka ke zabdoM ke alaga-alaga kaI zloka banate haiM-aisA unakI cUrNi se patA lagatA hai| yadyapi isakA spaSTa ullekha nahIM hai; parantu prayukta zabda usI ora saMketa karate haiN| spaSTatA ke lie cUrNi kA kucha aMza prastuta kiyA jAtA hai-'udaullaM' nAma jalartitaM udaullaM, sesaM kaMThaM, evaM sasiNiddhaM nAma jaM na galai, sesaM kaMThaM, sasarakkheNa sasarakkhaM nAma paMsurajaguMDiyaM, sesaM kaMThaM maTTiyA kaDaumaTTiyA cikkhalo, sesaM kaMThaM, eteNa pagAreNa savvattha bhANiyavvaM / ' uparokta aMza meM 'sesaM kaMThaM' zabda dhyAna dene yogya hai| yadi pUrvazloka 'purekammeNa hattheNa' kI taraha 'udaulleNa hattheNa.....' pUrA zloka nahIM hotA to 'sesaM kaMThaM' zabda dene kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| 'sesaM kaMThaM' zabda zloka ke anya pUraka zabdoM kI ora saMketa karatA hai| isalie zloka 33-34 ke pratyeka zabda kA eka-eka zloka banatA hai| isa prakAra sattaraha zloka bana jAte haiN| agastyasiMha muni ne bhI zloka 33-34 ke sthAna para svataMtrarUpa se sattaraha zloka mAne haiN| sAre zlokoM kA pRthak-pRthak nirdeza kiyA hai-yaha tathya yoM bhI sahI pratIta hotA hai ki pahale ye sAre zloka mAnya rahe hoM aura kAlAntara meM unakA saMkSepIkaraNa huA ho| yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki saMkSepIkaraNa kaba huA? parantu mAnya zlokoM ke AdhAra para 'evaM' zabda bhI unakI pRthak sattA kI ora saMketa karatA hai| anyathA 'evaM udaolle' kahane kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| zloka 'evaM' se prAraMbha hotA hai aura 'ceva bodhavve' meM parisamApta ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra yaha saMgrAhaka zloka pratIta hotA hai jo kucha 1. ji. cUrNi, pR. 179 /

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97 3 ; dazavaikAlika kA pAMcavAM adhyayana : eka dRSTi suvidhAoM ke lie prayukta kiyA gayA ho| vartamAna AdarzoM meM 63vAM zloka yoM hai-'evaM ussakkiyA, osakkiyA, ujjAliyA, pajjAliyA, nivvaaviyaa| ussiMciyA nissiMciyA ovattiyA oyAriyA dae'-parantu donoM cUrNikAra isase sahamata nahIM haiN| prathama cUrNikAra agastyasiMha muni ke anusAra isa sthAna para svataMtra rUpa se nau zloka haiM1. asaNaM pANagaM vA vi khAimaM sAimaM thaa| agiNimmi hojja nikkhittaM taM ca ussikkiyA dae / isI prakAra-2......taM ca osakkiyA dae 3. .....taM ca ujjAliyA dae 4. .....taM ca vijjhAviyA dae .....taM ca ussiMciyA dae 6. .....taM ca ukaDDiyA dae 7. .....taM ca nissiMciyA dae 8......taM ca ovattiyA dae 9. .....taM ca otAritA dae aura 'ussikkiyA' ke zloka meM 'taM bhave.....detiyaM paDiyAikkhe NikkhittAdhikArikameva' aisA mAnA hai| dUsare cUrNikAra jinadAsa mahattara ne svataMtrarUpa se sAta zloka mAne haiM-unhoMne 'osakkiyA' aura 'ussiMciyA' ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai| pratyeka zloka ke anta meM 'daMtiyaM paDiyAikkhe na me kappai tArisaM' ko mAnA hai| ____TIkAkAra haribhadrasUri ise eka hI zloka mAnakara Age calate haiN| pracalita AdarzoM meM 'hojja kaTuM silaM vA vi' ko prathama uddezaka kA 65vAM zloka mAnA hai| parantu agastyasiMha muni ne chaTe zloka 'tamhA teNa na gacchejjA' ke Age hI 'calaM kaTuM silaM vA vi' ko sthAna diyA hai aura dUsarI paramparA kA ullekha karate hue likhA hai-'ayaM kesiMci silogo uvari bhaNNihiti' isase yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki unake sAmane koI anya Adarza avazya rahA hai jisako ki unhoMne AdhAra mAnA hai| agastyasiMha muni dvArA mAnA gayA yaha krama-AdhAra saMgati kI dRSTi se sahI lagatA hai| isa krama-vyatyaya kA saMketa TIkAkAra yA cUrNikAra jinadAsa mahattara ne nahIM diyA hai| isa prakAra 66veM aura 69veM zloka ke prathama do-do caraNa (a. cU.) meM

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA nahIM haiN| zloka 'gaMbhIraM jhasiraM' se prAraMbha hote haiM aura 'na paDigeNhaMti saMjayA' meM tIna zloka samApta ho jAte haiN| isa prakAra do zlokoM (66veM-69veM) ke prathama do caraNa 'na teNa bhikkhU gacchejjA diTTho tattha asaMjamo' aura 'eyArise mahAdose jANiUNa mahesiNo'-kama ho jAne ke kAraNa eka zloka kA avasAna ho jAtA hai| pAMcaveM adhyayana ke dUsare uddezaka meM bhI zlokoM kA viparyAsa haA hai| cUrNikAra agastyasiMha muni aura jinadAsa mahattara pAThoM ke viSaya meM ekamata haiN| ___donoM cUrNikAra isa uddezaka ke dasaveM aura gyArahaveM zloka ke sthAna para eka hI zloka mAnate haiM-'samaNaM mAhaNaM vA vi kiviNaM vA vnniimgN| taM aikkamittu na pavise na ciTThe cakkhu-goyare' yaha pATha ThIka jAna par3atA haiN| donoM zlokoM ke aMtima do-do pAda koI vizeSa artha nahIM rkhte| isI prakAra caudahaveM aura pandrahaveM zloka ko vyardha (divaDDasilogo) mAnA hai uppalaM paumaM vA vi, kumuyaM vA magadaMtiyaM / annaM vA puppha saccittaM, taM ca saMluMciyA de| deMtiyaM paDiyAikkhe, na me kappai taarisN| donoM cUrNikAra (5 / 1 / 41, 43veM) zloka ke prathama do-do caraNa 'taM bhave bhattapANaM tu saMjayANa akappiyaM' svIkAra nahIM krte| agastyasiMha muni 'divaDDa silogo' likhate haiN| jinadAsa mahattara kucha bhI ullekha nahIM krte| __isa prakAra 'evaM tu aguNappehI' (5 / 2 / 41) yaha zloka bhI donoM cUrNiyoM meM nahIM hai| kevala TIkAkAra hI ina sabako mAnya karate haiN| cUrNikAroM meM tathA TIkAkAroM meM itanA matabheda kyoM rahA, yaha anveSaNa kA viSaya hai, vistAra karane kI paramparA kaba aura kyoM calI? yaha tarkagata hote hue bhI vizeSa cintana kI ora prerita karatI hai| sAmpratam to hama anumAna-pramANa dvArA hI isakA samAdhAna pA sakate haiN| uparokta vivaraNa se yaha spaSTa hai ki tInoM manISI pAMcaveM adhyayana kI zloka-saMkhyA meM ekamata nahIM hai| TIkAkAra haribhadrasUri ne pAMcaveM adhyayana ke 150 padya mAne haiN| cUrNikAra agastyasiMha muni 173 padya svIkAra karate haiM aura dvitIya cUrNikAra jinadAsa mahattara ne spaSTarUpa se 152 padya mAne haiM aura prakArAntara se 173 padya mAnate

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dazavaikAlika kA pAMcavAM adhyayana : eka dRSTi haiM / sAmAnya sUtra ke eka adhyayana meM itanA matabheda avazya hI kAla vyavadhAna se vicchinna paramparAoM kI ajAnakArI kI ora saMketa karatA hai / agastyasiMha muni isameM bahuta prAmANika rahe haiM, aisA lagatA hai| kAraNa ki unhoMne sthAna - sthAna para anya paramparAoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai / 99 artha kI dRSTi se pAMcavAM adhyayana vivAdagrasta hai / kahIM-kahIM zabdoM kA artha pakar3ane meM bhI bahuta kaThinAiyAM AtI haiN| kisI zabda kA cUrNikAra eka artha karate haiM aura TIkAkAra dUsarA artha karate haiM aura vAstava meM usakA artha kucha aura hI hotA hai| aisI avasthA meM pAThaka asamaMjasa meM par3a jAtA hai / eka ora vaha prAcIna maharSiyoM va vidvAnoM kI prAmANikatA ko sahasA amAnya nahIM kara sakatA aura dUsarI ora usakI manISA usa artha ko svIkAra bhI nahIM kara sktii| aisI avasthA meM cintana agrasara hotA hai aura kisI eka niSkarSa para pahuMca jAtA hai| kaI dinoM se hama AcAryapravara ke pAsa dazavaikAlika sUtra ke pAribhASika zabdoM kI sUcI taiyAra kara rahe the / AcAryapravara apanI bahuzrutatA se hameM nirdeza de rahe the| eka dina munizrI nathamalajI (AcArya mahAprajJa) caraka, suzruta Adi graMtha lekara aae| vandanakara AcAryapravara se nivedana kiyA ki mUla AgamakAra ko kisI zabda kA koI artha abhilaSita rahA hai aura kAla ke vyavadhAna se, paramparAoM kI ekatA ke abhAva meM sahI artha ko pakar3ane meM bar3I kaThinAI rahI hai / cUrNikAra sahI artha pakar3ane meM samartha hue bhI haiM; parantu kahIM-kahIM unheM bhI sandeha hotA rahA hai| aise sandeha - sthaloM meM unhoMne kaI arthoM ko vikalpa meM rakhakara nyAya hI kiyA hai tAki agalI pIr3hI ke lie socane-samajhane kA dvAra khulA raha ske| jyoM-jyoM kAla bItA, tyoM-tyoM anya graMthoM se samparka chUTasA gayA aura maulika artha pakar3anA bahuta kaThina hone lagA / yaha kaThinAI TIkAkAroM ke sAmane bhI rahI hai / unake uttaravartI vidvAnoM ne to kahIM-kahIM zabda ke mUla ko na samajhane ke kAraNa bar3A anartha kiyA hai / yaha bhUla uttaravartI sAhitya meM khapa gaI- isakA mUla kAraNa thA etadviSayaka sAhitya ke adhyayana ke prati udAsInatA / caraka, suzruta Adi graMthoM meM bhI jaina zabdoM ko samajhane kI viziSTa sAmagrI milatI rahI hai, isalie unakA adhyayana bhI apekSita ho jAtA hai|

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Agama sampAdana kI yAtrA AcAryazrI ne kahA- uttaravartI AcAryoM aura vidvAnoM meM bahuzrutatA nahIM rhii| yahI kAraNa thA ki arthoM meM viparyAsa huA aura zabda kI bhAvanA badala gaI / bahuzrutatA kA saMbaMdha kevala Agama-adhyayana se hI nahIM hai - anyAnya graMthoM kA jaba taka sAMgopAMga adhyayana nahIM ho jAtA, taba taka bahuzrutatA nahIM AtI / yahI kAraNa thA ki kaI eka viziSTa TIkAkAra jyotiSa, vyAkaraNa, kAvya, alaMkAra, cikitsA-zAstra Adi kA pUrA adhyayana karate the / parantu Ajakala aisA kahAM hotA hai ? 100 prathama uddezaka ke solahaveM zloka meM 'rahassArakkhiyANa ya' aisA zabda hai / cUrNikAra agastyasiMha muni isako eka zabda mAnakara, isakA artha 'rAyaMtepuravarA amAtyAdayo' karate haiM / aMtaHpura ke amAtya ko 'rahassa ArakSika' kahA jAtA thA / usa jamAne meM aneka prakAra ke amAtya hote the, yaha azoka ke zilAlekhoM se jJAta hotA / dharma amAtya, senA amAtya, antaHpura amAtya Adi / isa zloka meM 'antaHpura amAtya'-yaha artha abhIpsita hai aura yaha sahI hai / parantu dUsare cUrNikAra jinadAsa mahattara ne 'rahassa' zabda ko sabhI zabdoM ke sAtha jor3A hai- 'raNo rahassadvANANi gihavaINaM rahassadvANANi, ArakkhiyANaM rahassadvANANi... rahassadvANANi nAma gujjhovaragA, jattha vA rAhassiyaM maMteMti - isase pUre zloka kA kucha bhinna artha hI abhivyaJjita hotA hai / 1. TIkAkAra haribhadrasUri ne 'ArakSakANAM ca' daNDanAyakAdInAM 'rahaH sthAnaM' guhyApavarakamantragRhAdi"-aisA mAnA hai / jinadAsa mahattara aura haribhadrasUri isa viSaya meM ekamata pratIta hote haiM / parantu arthasaMgati kI dRSTi se agastyasiMha muni kA artha ThIka jAna par3atA hai / eka vibhakti ke viparyAsa se artha meM kitanA antara A jAtA hai - yaha munizrI nathamalajI dvArA likhita eka TippaNa se spaSTa ho jAtA hai / TippaNa yoM haiM - (5 / 2 / 29) meM 'vaMdamANaM na jAejjA' aisA pATha hai / 'vaMdamANaM' - dvitIyA vibhakti kA eka vacana aura dAtA kA vizeSaNa hai / isakA artha hotA hai- 'vaMdanA karane vAlA' / donoM cUrNikAra aura TIkAkAra ne isI pATha ko mukhya mAnakara artha kiyA hai aura pAThAntara meM 'vaMdamANo na jAejjA' aisA pATha diyA hai- ' ahavA esa 2. hA. TI. pa. 166 / 1 1. ji. cU. pR. 174 /

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dazavaikAlika kA pAMcavAM adhyayana : eka dRSTi 101 AlAvao evaM paDhijjai - 'vaMdamANo na jAejjA' / artha-saMgati kI dRSTi se pAThAntara vAlA pATha ucita lagatA hai / hamane isI pATha ko mAnya kiyA hai| 'vaMdamANo na jAejjA', 'vaMdamANo' zabda zramaNa kA vizeSaNa aura prathamA vibhakti kA eka vacana hai / isakA artha hotA hai 'vaMdanA karatA huA yAcanA na kare' / AcArAMga cUlA (1/62) meM bhI isI artha kA dyotaka pATha hai-'No gAhAvaiM vaMdiya-vaMdiya jAejjA no vayaNaM pharusaM vaejjA' - bhikSu gRhastha kI vandanA-stuti karake yAcanA na kare aura na milane para kaThora vacana na bole / vRttikAra zIlAMkasUri ne bhI isakA yahI artha kiyA hai - gRhapatiM 'vanditvA' vAgbhiH stutvA prazasya no yAceta / ' (A. cU. 1 / 62 vR.) nizItha sUtra meM pUrva saMstava aura pazcAt saMstava karane vAle ko prAyazcita AtA hai - aisA likhA hai- 'je bhikkhU puresaMthavaM vA pacchAsaMthavaM vA kareti, kareMtaM vA sAtijjati / " isI ko spaSTa karate hue nizItha ke cUrNikAra ne likhA hai - 'saMthavo thutI adatte dANe puvvasaMthavo, diNNe pacchAsaMthavo / jo taM kareti sAtijjati vA tassa mAsalahuM / '' yaha pUrva-pazcAt saMstava utpAdana kA gyArahavAM doSa hai aura prastuta zloka meM usI kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| uparokta vivaraNa se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki zabdoM kA artha karate samaya kisa prakAra anyAnya sthaloM kI apekSA rahatI hai| eka dUsare sthaloM para pUrA dhyAna die binA ThIka artha pakar3A nahIM jaataa| isI prakAra kaI aise zabda haiM, jinakA artha anya graMthoM kI sahAyatA ke binA nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / lipibheda se bhI pAThoM meM antara AyA hai / likhAvaTa kI aspaSTatA ke kAraNa kisa prakAra kAla ke vyavadhAna se mUla zabdoM meM antara AyA hai, yaha munizrI nathamalajI (AcArya mahAprajJa) ne bhUmikA meM spaSTa kiyA hai| udAharaNasvarUpa usakA eka aMza yahAM diyA jAtA hai - kAlakrama se lipibheda bhI AyA hai| pUrvavartI lipi ko par3hanA uttaravarttiyoM ke lie kaThina ho jAtA hai / isase bhI bahuta-sI azuddhiyAM banI haiN| jaise prAcIna pratiyoM meM 'eDeti pATha hai, vaha uttaravartI pratiyoM meM 'paDeti' bana gyaa| isI prakAra prAcIna pratiyoM meM 'saMthaDie', 'cINaMsuya'", "maMtaM' 6, jogaM'" Adi pATha haiM / ve uttaravarttI pratiyoM meM kramazaH 'saMghaDie' 'vINaMsuya' aura 'mahaMtaM' bana gae...... / isake atirikta 3 1. nizItha, uddezaka 2, sU. 37 / 2. nizItha cUrNi 2 / 37 / 3. nizItha, uddezaka 3, sU. 80 / 4. nizItha, uddezaka, 10, sU. 25, 26 / 5. 6. 7. nizItha, uddezaka, 7 sU. 10-12 / nizItha, uddezaka, 13 sU. 26 / nizItha, uddezaka, 13 sU. 27 /

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102 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA prAcIna pratiyoM meM 'o' 'u' 'sa' 'ma' 'bhI' bahuta samAna rUpa se likhA jAtA thaa| isalie uttaravartI pratiyoM meM bahuta se sthaloM meM 'o' ke sthAna meM 'u' aura 'sa' ke sthAna meM 'ma' bhI milatA hai| yaha kaTu satya hai ki jainAcAryoM ne anyAnya racanAoM dvArA bhAratIya vAGmaya ko samRddha banAne meM pUrNa yoga diyA hai| parantu Agama-sAhitya ke prati unhoMne utane utsAha se kAma nahIM kiyA, jitanA karanA cAhie thaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki Aja bhI Agama-sAhitya asta-vyasta par3A hai| pAThoM kI avyavasthA ko dekhakara to bahuta hI duHkha hotA hai| yaha sAmayika AvazyakatA hai ki isa ora dhyAna diyA jAya aura ucita prayatnoM dvArA pAThoM ko vyavasthita kiyA jaae| AcAryazrI tulasI itane vyasta rahate hue bhI pratidina tIna-cAra ghaMTe pATha ko vyavasthita karane aura anyAnya tathyoM ke anveSaNa meM lagAte haiM aura apane bahumUlya nirdezoM dvArA Agama kAryakartAoM ko dizA-sUcana karate rahate haiN| unhIM kI saMrakSaNatA meM sArA kArya cala rahA hai| munizrI nathamalajI bhI apanA sArA zrama Agama-kArya ke lie hI lagAte haiN| rAtri meM AcAryapravara ke pAsa cintana calatA hai aura usI cintana ke anusAra sArA kArya samucita rUpa se calatA rahatA hai| AcAryapravara tathA muni nathamalajI ke anavarata cintana, manana aura nididhyAsana se Agama-viSayaka eka abhUtapUrva kArya hogA, isameM koI sandeha nhiiN| AcAryazrI kA kuzala netRtva aura munizrI kA satata pravAhI cintana kucha nae tathyoM ko prakAza meM lAegA, aisA vizvAsa hai| 25. dazavakAlika meM bhikSu ke lakSaNa 1. jo buddha-tIrthaMkaroM kI AjJAnusAra niSkramaNa kara-dIkSA le saMyama meM sadA samAdhi citta vAlA hotA hai, striyoM ke vazIbhUta nahIM hotA, vamana kiye hue chor3e hue kAmabhogoM kI icchA nahIM karatA, vaha bhikSu hai| 2. jo pRthvI ko na khodatA hai aura na khudavAtA hai, zIta-udaka-sacitta pAnI na pItA hai aura na pilAtA hai, agni, jo tIkSNazastra hai, ko na jalAtA hai aura na jalavAtA hai, vaha bhikSu hai| 3. jo na paMkhe se havA letA hai aura na dUsaroM ke lie paMkhA jhalatA hai, vanaspati kA chedana na karatA hai aura na karavAtA hai, bIjoM ko sadA varjatA huA sacitta AhAra nahIM karatA, vaha bhikSu hai|

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dazavaikAlika meM bhikSu ke lakSaNa 103 4. audezika AhAra pRthvI - tRNa-kASTha Adi ke Azrita jIvoM ke vadha kA kAraNa hai-aisA jAnakara jo audezika AhAra nahIM karatA, jo na pakAtA hai| aura na pakavAtA hai, vaha bhikSu hai / 5. jo jJAtaputra ke vacanoM meM rata hai, SaTjIvanikAyoM ko Atma-tulya samajhatA hai, paMca mahAvratoM kA sparza - pAlana karatA hai, paMcAzravoM kA saMvaraNa karatA hai, vaha bhikSu hai / 6. jo kaSAya-catuSTaya kA sadA parityAga karatA hai, buddha-tIrthaMkaroM ke vacanoM meM dhruvayogI - sthira niSThA vAlA hotA hai, jo kisI prakAra kA parigraha nahIM rakhatA aura gRhasthoM ke sAtha yoga - paricaya - sneha kA sadA varjana karatA hai, vaha bhikSu hai / 7. jo samyagdRSTi hai, sadA amUr3ha - gRhasthoM ke kAryoM meM amUrcchita hai, jJAna - tapa aura saMyama meM vizvAsa karane vAlA hai, jo tapasyA ke dvArA purAne pApa-karmoM ko dhuna DAlatA hai - naSTa kara detA hai, mana-vacana aura kAyA ko saMvRtta rakhane vAlA hai, vaha bhikSu hai / 8. jo vividha prakAra ke azana-pAna khAdima - svAdima ko pAkara agale dina ke lie saMcaya nahIM karatA aura na saMcaya karavAtA hai, vaha bhikSu hai / 9. jo vividha prakAra ke azana-pAna - khAdima - svAdima ko pAkara apane sahadharmI sAdhuoM ko bulAkara khAtA hai aura AhAra (bhojana) kara svAdhyAya meM rata rahatA hai, vaha bhikSu hai / 10. jo kalaha utpanna karane vAlI kathA nahIM kahatA, krodha nahIM karatA, indriyoM ko sadA vaza meM rakhatA hai, upazAnta hai, saMyama meM nizcala mana vAlA hai, duHkha meM Akula-vyAkula nahIM hotA aura jo dUsaroM kA tiraskAra nahIM karatA, vaha bhikSu hai / 11. jo indriyoM ke viSayoM meM Asakta nahIM banatA, Akroza-prahAra aura tarjanA ko sahana karatA hai, bhayaMkara zabda va aTTahAsoM se ghabarAtA nahIM, sukhaduHkha ko samabhAva se sahana karatA hai, vaha bhikSu hai / 12. jo bhikSu-pratimA ko dhAraNa kara zmazAna meM jAtA hai, parantu ghora yA bhayaMkara zabda sunakara yA rUpa dekhakara DaratA nahIM, jo vividha guNarUpa tapasyA meM sadA rakta rahatA hai, jo apane zarIra kI bhI abhilASA ( paravAha) nahIM rakhatA, vaha bhikSu hai / 13. jo muni sadA tyakta - deha hai, Akroza kiye jAne- pITe jAne yA

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104 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA ghAyala kiye jAne para bhI pRthvI ke samAna kSamAzIla hotA hai, jo nidAna-phala kI kAmanA nahIM karatA tathA kautUhala-nAca, gAna Adi meM utsukatA nahIM rakhatA, vaha bhikSu hai| 14. jo apane zarIra se parISahoM ko jItakara jAtipatha-janmamaraNa se apanI AtmA kA uddhAra kara letA hai, janma-maraNa ko mahAbhayaMkara jAnakara saMyama aura tapa meM rata rahatA hai, vaha bhikSu hai| 15. jo hAtha-paira-vANI aura indriyoM se saMyata hai, adhyAtma meM rata hai, AtmA se susamAdhistha hai aura jo sUtrArtha ko yathArtha jAnatA hai, vaha bhikSu hai| 16. jo upakaraNoM meM amUrcchita hai, agRddha hai, ajJAtoMcha-pratyeka ghara se thor3A-thor3A lene vAlA hai, kraya-vikraya yA saMcaya se virakta hai aura jo sarva prakAra ke sneha-saMbaMdhoM se rahita hai, vaha bhikSu hai| 17. jo alolupa hai, rasoM meM gRddha nahIM banatA, AvazyakatAnusAra thor3Athor3A grahaNa kara apanA jIvana calAtA hai, asaMyama jIvitavya kI vAMchA nahIM karatA, Rddhi-satkAra aura pUjA kI kAmanA nahIM karatA unako tyAga detA hai, jo Atmastha hai, mAyA rahita hai, vaha bhikSu hai| 18. jo 'vaha kuzIla hai' aisA nahIM kahatA, dUsarA krodha kare aisI vANI nahIM bolatA, puNya-pApa vyakti-vyakti ke haiM yaha jAnakara AtmotkarSa nahIM karatA, vaha bhikSu hai| 19. jo jAti-rUpa-lAbha aura jJAna kA mada nahIM karatA, saba madoM ko varja kara jo dharma-dhyAna meM sadA tallIna rahatA hai, vaha sAdhu hai| 20. jo muni Aryapada tIrthaMkara ke mArga kA upadeza karatA hai, svayaM dharma meM sthita ho dUsaroM ko bhI dharma meM sthApita karatA hai, jo pravrajyA grahaNa kara kuzIlaliMga-pAkhaMDa veSa kA varjana karatA hai, haMsI-majAka nahIM karatA, mAyA nahIM karatA, vaha bhikSu hai| 21. jo muni isa prakAra sadA AtmA meM sthita ho, isa dehavAsa-jIvana ko malIna va azAzvata jAnakara isakA tyAga karatA hai vaha jAtimaraNa-janmamaraNa ke baMdhana ko tor3akara apunarAgama-mokSa ko prApta hotA hai| 1. dazavai. 10 / 1-21 /

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paramparAoM ke vAhaka kucha zabda aura unakI mImAMsA 105 26. paramparAoM ke vAhaka kucha zabda aura unakI mImAMsA hama manuSya haiN| hamArI abhivyakti kA sakSama mAdhyama hai bhaassaa| zabdoM kI saMhati bhASA hai| zabdoM ke ananta paryAya haiN| ataH ve ananta arthoM ko abhivyakta karane meM samartha hote haiN| zabdoM kA apane ApameM koI artha nahIM hai| jaba unameM artha kA AropaNa kiyA jAtA hai, taba ve abhivyakti ke ghaTaka banate haiN| arthAropaNa kI iyattA apanI-apanI hai, parantu jaba ve anekazaH eka hI artha meM pracalita ho jAte haiM taba ve rUr3ha bana jAte haiN| yaha rUr3hatA sArvakAlika nahIM hotI, kyoMki artha kA utkarSa yA apakarSa hotA rahatA hai| ___ 'bhASA eka prakAra kA cihna hai| cihna se tAtparya una pratIkoM se haiM, jinake dvArA manuSya apanA vicAra dUsaroM para prakaTa karatA hai| ye pratIka bhI kaI prakAra ke hote hai, jaise netragrAhya, zrotragrAhya evaM sparzagrAhya / vastutaH bhASA kI dRSTi se zrotragrAhya pratIka hI sarvazreSTha hai|' hamAre pAsa zabdoM ke atirikta abhivyakti kA koI sAdhana nahIM hai| yaha sAdhana pUrNa nahIM, yaha bhI hama jAnate haiM, parantu usakA sahArA hameM lenA par3atA hai| jitanA hama kahanA cAhate haiM, vaha zabdoM se abhivyakta nahIM hotaa| ataH kahIM-kahIM zabda anartha bhI paidA kara dete haiN| ___ yaha bAdhA hote hue bhI hamArA sArA pArasparika vyavahAra isI para Azrita hai| ___ kaI zabda aise haiM, jinase kevala sAmAnya arthabodha hI hotA hai aura kaI zabda mahattvapUrNa paramparAoM ke saMvAhaka hote haiN| prayogakAla meM ve paramparAeM pracalita hotI haiM, ataH tat-tat zabdoM se ve abhivyakta kI jAtI haiN| kintu kAlAntara meM aneka kAraNoM se mUla artha-bodha lupta ho jAtA hai aura paramparA ko vahana karane vAle zabda bhI kevala sAmAnya artha ke vAcaka mAtra raha jAte haiN| isa zabdagata samasyA kA yaha itihAsa ati prAcIna hai| isakA samAdhAna zakya nahIM hai| isIlie zabdoM se aneka-aneka vivAda utpanna hote haiM aura bar3hate-bar3hate nae-nae darzanoM kA bhI udbhava ho jAtA hai| mere prastuta nibandha kA viSaya kucha eka zabdoM kI ora iMgita karanA mAtra hai, jo vizeSa paramparAoM ke bodhaka rahe haiM aura Aja unakI garimA ko vyAkhyA-granthoM kI artha-paramparA se hI jAnA jA sakatA hai|

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Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA 106 1. majjhimeNaM vayasA ' AcArAMga ke AThaveM adhyayana ke tIsare uddezaka kA prathama sUtra hai - 'majjhimeNaM vayasA ege, saMbujjhamANA samuTThitA' - kucha vyakti madhyama vaya meM bhI saMbudhyamAna hokara saMyama ke lie utthita hote haiN| yahAM 'madhyama vaya' zabda eka vizeSa paramparA yA siddhAMta kA dyotaka hai I bhagavAn mahAvIra kA darzana sArvakAlika, sArvadezika aura sArvajanika thA / usameM kAla, vaya, vyakti yA kSetrakRta bAdhAeM nahIM thIM / isake viparIta anya darzanoM meM dharma-prajJapti ke lie vaya kA nirdhAraNa mAnya thaa| unameM cAra AzramoM kI mAnyatA bahu- pracalita thI / saMnyAsa cauthe Azrama meM hI liyA jA sakatA hai - yaha udghoSa sunAI detA thA / isa iyattA ne dharma-prajJapti meM aneka saMkaTa utpanna kie / 12 bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA- 'jAmA tiNNi udAhiyA 2 - avasthAeM tIna haiM - prathama, madhyama aura pazcima / prathama avasthA kA kAlamAna nau varSa se tIsa varSa taka, madhyama kA tIsa se sATha varSa taka tathA tRtIya vaya kA kAlamAna sATha se Upara hai| ina tInoM avasthAoM meM dharmAcaraNa ho sakatA hai, sambodhi prApta ho sakatI hai - yaha bhagavAn mahAvIra kA krAntikArI nirdeza thA / vaya 'majjhima vaya' - isase yaha spaSTa pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai ki dharmajAgaraNa ke lie yadyapi avasthA kA koI pratibaMdha nahIM hai, phira bhI 'madhyama vaya' pravrajyA ke lie atyanta upayukta hai / kyoMki prAyaH tIrthaMkara, gaNadhara Adi isI pravrajita hote haiM tathA isa vaya taka vyakti aneka bhogoM ko bhoga bhuktabhogI ho bhogoM ke kaTu pariNAmoM se suparicita ho jAtA hai aura unake prati jo AkarSaNa hotA hai, vaha miTa jAtA hai / dUsarI bAta hai ki usake mana ke sabhI kutUhala zAnta ho jAte haiM aura vaha sukhapUrvaka virAga - mArga para sthita raha sakatA hai / usakA vijJAna bhI paTutara hotA hai aura anubhava kI paripakvatA se vaha duranucara tathA ghora mArga kA bhI niSThA se AcaraNa kara sakatA hai / uparokta kathana ko hameM AgamakAlIna paristhiti meM par3hanA caahie| Aja kI sAmAjika sthiti meM cAhe vaha kucha aparyApta bhI mAlUma par3e, phira bhI usameM antarnihita satya ko nahIM nakArA jA sakatA / 1. AcArAMga, 8 / 3 / 30 / 2. AcArAMga, 8 / 1 / 15 /

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107 paramparAoM ke vAhaka kucha zabda aura unakI mImAMsA 2. vihamAie AcArAMga kA yaha prayoga vizeSa paramparA kA saMvAhaka hai| jaba muni zItasparza sahane meM apane Apako asamartha mAne, taba vaha usa vizeSa sthiti meM vaihAyasa-maraNa, phAMsI Adi ke dvArA prANa-tyAga de| yaha ullekha pAThaka ko 'AtmahatyA' ko mAnane ke lie bAdhya karatA hai| jaina AcAravAda 'AtmahatyA' ko jaghanyatama pApa mAnatA hai kintu saMyamarakSA ke lie zarIra-tyAga kI anumati bhI detA hai| yaha nimnokta tathya se vidita ho jAtA hai| eka bAra eka vyakti apanI navor3hA patnI ko chor3akara pravrajita huaa| kucha varSa biite| grAmAnugrAma viharaNa karate-karate vaha bhikSu usI grAma meM A phuNcaa| gharavAloM ne use bhikSA ke lie AmaMtrita kiyaa| vaha bhikSA lene gyaa| gharavAloM ke mana meM moha kA jvAra bddh'aa| mamatva kI UrmiyoM se ve saba parAbhUta ho ge| navor3hA patnI kA mana Asakti se bhara gyaa| pUrvAcarita bhogoM kI smRti ne use vihvala banA ddaalaa| bhikSA dene ke bahAne vaha muni ko eka kamare meM le gaI aura kapATa baMda kara die| patnI ne bhoga kI prArthanA kii| muni ne apane zrAmaNya kI akhaNDatA kA pratipAdana kiyaa| strI nahIM mAnI aura muni ko vivaza karane lgii| vahAM se bhAga nikalane ke sAre dvAra baMda the| muni asahAya thaa| usane kahA yadi tU apane vicAra nahIM badalegI to maiM prANa de dUMgA, Upara se nIce girakara mara jaauuNgaa| strI apane kathana para dRr3ha thii| taba muni apane saMyama kI rakSA ke lie prAsAda tala se girakara mara gyaa| bhagavAn ne kahA-aisI sthiti meM isa prakAra prANoM kA visarjana kara denA anujJAta hai, sammata hai| kintu hara eka sthiti meM aisA karanA anujJAta nahIM hai| isa tathya se yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki ekamAtra saMyama kI surakSA ke lie jaba anyAnya upAyoM kA avakAza na ho, taba vaihAyasa-maraNa, phAMsI Adi sAdhanoM dvArA prANa-tyAga karanA kAla-paryAya hai, anyathA nhiiN| yaha vivazatA kI sthiti hai| 3. saMtaruttare yaha do zabdoM ke yoga se banA hai-sAntara aura uttr| yaha do vastroM kA 1. AcArAMga, 8 / 4 / 58 / 2. AcArAMga, 8 / 4 / 51 /

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108 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA vAcaka hai-antarIya vastra aura uttarIya vstr| isakA dUsarA artha hai-'sAntara'-sUta kA kapar3A tathA 'uttara'-Una kA kpdd'aa| jo trivastradhArI bhikSu hai, vaha hemanta ke atikrAnta hone para, grISma ke Ane para jIrNa vastroM kA pariSThApana kara de| yadi sAre vastra jIrNa na hue hoM to jo jIrNa ho gae haiM, unheM chor3a de aura svayaM nissaMga hokara viharaNa kre| yadi zizira ke atikrAnta hone para bhI kSetra, kAla yA anya prAkRtika kAraNoM se punaH zIta ke prakopa kI AzaMkA ho to vaha 'sAntaruttara' ho jaae| arthAt vaha eka vastra or3he aura eka pAsa meM rakha de| yaha TIkAkAra kA abhimata hai| cUrNikAra ne donoM kapar3oM ko kAma meM lene kI bAta 'sAntaruttara' meM gRhIta kI hai| uttarAdhyayana ke 'kezigoyamIya' adhyayana meM acela aura 'sAntaruttara' dharma kI carcA huI hai| jaba pArzva aura mahAvIra kI paramparA ke nirgrantha eka-dUsare ko dekhate haiM, taba unake mana meM yaha vicikitsA utpanna hotI hai| ___ bhagavAn mahAvIra ke ziSya socate haiM hamArA dharma acela hai aura ina pArzva ke zramaNoM kA dharma sAntaruttara hai| eka hI lakSya kI siddhi ke lie pravRtta donoM ke dharma meM itanA antara kyoM hai? kalpasUtra, cUrNikAra aura TippaNakAra 'antara' zabda ke tIna artha karate haiM-sUtIvastra, rajoharaNa aura pAtra tathA uttara' zabda ke do artha hote haiM kambala aura Upara or3hane kA uttarIya vastra / prAcIna kAla meM varSA ke samaya bhItara sUtI kapar3A aura Upara UnI vastra or3hakara bAhara jAne kI paramparA rahI hai| yaha paramparA atyanta puSTa thI aura Aja bhI yaha kucha prakArAntara se mUrtipUjakoM meM pracalita hai| 'sAntaruttara' zabda ke cAra artha prApta hote haiM 1. uttarAdhyayana bRhavRtti ke anusAra zveta aura alpamUlya vastra kA nirUpaNa karane vAlA dharma sAntaruttara hai| 2. AcArAMgavRtti ke anusAra, hemanta ke anusAra eka vastra ko or3hane tathA eka ko pAsa meM rakhane kI AjJA dene vAlA dhrm| 3. AcArAMgacUrNi ke anusAra hemanta ke vyutsarga jAne para bhI zIla kI AzaMkA se do vastra rakhane kI anumati dene vAlA dharma / 1. uttarAdhyayana, 'acelago ya jo dhammo, jo imo saMtaruttaro'-(23 // 13) /

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Agama- adhyayana kI dizA 4. kalpasUtracUrNa meM sUtI vastra ko bhItara aura UnI vastra ko Upara or3hane kI vyavasthA karane vAlA dharma / 109 isa prakAra yaha 'sAntaruttara' zabda bhI eka vizeSa paramparA kA dyotaka hai aura isIlie bhagavAn pArzva kA dharma isa zabda se vyavahRta huA hai / maiMne kucheka zabdoM kI ora saMketa kiyA hai, jo ki paramparAoM ke saMvAhaka haiM aura jinake pIche paramparA kI eka lambI kahAnI hai / inheM hama kevala pAribhASika zabdamAtra hI nahIM kaha skte| ina zabdoM ke pIche jo rahasya chipA hai, vaha inakI gaurava -: - gAthA gAne meM paryApta hai / 27. Agama-adhyayana kI dizA jo kucha dIkhatA hai vahI satya nahIM hai, satya usase pare bhI hai| jo kucha milatA hai vahI satya nahIM hai, satya usase pare bhI hai| jo kucha kahA jAtA hai vahI satya nahIM hai, satya usase pare bhI hai / yaha svIkaraNa hI pUrNa satya hai, anya sAre satyAMza haiN| ekAntavAda asatya hI nahIM hotA, vaha bhI eka tathya kA svIkaraNa hai parantu vaha isalie agrAhya hai ki vaha apanI mAnyatA ko hI satya mAnatA hai, dUsare tathyoM ko nahIM, yahI mithyApravAda hai| isa mAdhyama se satya taka nahIM pahuMcA jA sakatA / pratyeka vyakti meM apane prati, apane saMskAroM ke prati, apane vicAroM ke prati moha hotA hai, unhIM meM use satya dIkhatA hai, vAstava meM vaha pUrNa satya nahIM, eka ApekSika satya mAtra hotA hai / eka samaya thA jaina saMgha akhaNDa thA / kAlavyavadhAna se usameM vighaTana huaa| Aja usameM aneka sampradAya haiN| sabhI sampradAya bhagavAn mahAvIra ko apanA iSTadeva mAnate haiM aura unhIM ke anuzAsana meM sAdhanA karane kA dAvA karate haiN| sabhI ne mahAvIra ko pakar3A hai, parantu kisI bhI unako samagratA se pakar3A ho, aisA nahIM hai| eka rUpa mahAvIra aneka rUpa ho ge| mUla ko bhUlakara zAkhAoM ko hI mUla mAna liyA gayA / vividhatA kA pAdanyAsa huaa| jisane jaisA cAhA usane vaisI hI vyAkhyA prastuta kI / vyAkhyA-bheda se vicAra-bheda pravAhita huA / vicAroM se saMskAra badale aura saMskAroM se sampradAya bane /

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110 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA Aja jainoM meM aneka sampradAya, upa-sampradAya haiN| ve mahAvIra ke darzana ko apane raMgoM se raMgakara upasthita karate haiN| sarvatra yahI hotA hai| zlAghA ke raMga se raMge hue mahAvIra yA unakA darzana tadtad sampradAya ko pUrNa satya lagatA hai| isase mUla ko pakar3A nahIM jA sktaa| mUla ko jAne binA vaktavyatA kA koI prAmANika AdhAra nahIM rhtaa| ____ Aja anveSaNa kA yuga hai, pratyeka kSetra meM anveSaNa ho rahe haiN| prAcIna sUtroM ke AdhAra para nae-nae tathya prakaTa ho rahe haiN| vyakti kA buddhivAda bar3ha rahA hai| aNu-aNu kI chAnabIna ho rahI hai| jo jIva-vijJAna kucha varSoM pUrva dhuMdhalA-sA thA Aja vaha Aloka kI ora bar3ha rahA hai| sUkSmAtisUkSma chAnabIna ho rahI haiN| ina anveSaNoM ke niSkarSoM ko hama ekAntataH anyathA nahIM kaha skte| ve pUrNa satya na bhI hoM, parantu usa dizA meM kI gaI pragati ke pratIka haiM, aisA hameM mAnanA hogaa| satya ananta hai, use anantakAla taka par3hA jAe, phira bhI vaha pUrNa nahIM hotaa| pUrNa hone kA artha hai zAnta honaa| satya kI upalabdhiyAM sarvasAdhAraNa ke lie utanI hI satya haiM jitanI ki sarvajJa ke lie pUrNa satya kA darzana / Aja anuzruti kA yuga nahIM rhaa| sunI-sunAI bAtoM ko prayoga kI kasauTI para kasA jAtA hai aura jaba ve sahI utaratI haiM tabhI svIkAra kI jAtI haiM, anyathA svIkAra karane ke lie buddhi tatpara nahIM hotii| pratyeka padArtha ko hetugamya mAnanA yaha buddhi kI alpatA hai| parantu hetugamya padArtha ko hetugamya mAnakara Agraha kie rahanA bhI buddhimattA nahIM kahI jA sktii| ataH hetugamya padArthoM ko hetuoM ke dvArA samajhane kA prayatna kareM, kAla kI lambAI para dhyAna deN| sAtha-sAtha ahetugamya padArthoM ko hetuoM ke dvArA jAnane kA durAgraha bhI na kreN| jaina logoM kI yaha dhAraNA hai ki vikrama saMvat kA pravartana vikramAditya ne I. pU. 57 meM kiyA thaa| kaI zatAbdiyoM se yahI dhAraNA pracalita hai| Aja taka bhI hamane isakI prAmANikatA yA aprAmANikatA para dhyAna nahIM diyaa| Aja itihAsa spaSTa hai| isa viSaya meM aneka anveSaNa hue haiM aura bhAratIya tathA pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ne isa para prakAza DAlA hai| tathyoM ke anuzIlana se hameM isI niSkarSa para pahuMcanA par3atA hai ki hamArI anuzruti ekAntataH satya nahIM hai| isa tathya kI pUrNa samAlocanA karanA isa nibandha kA dhyeya nahIM hai, phira bhI kucheka tathya upasthita kara maiM batAnA cAhatA hUM ki kisa prakAra kucha dhAraNAeM itihAsa ke jJAna ke abhAva meM jar3a bana jAtI haiN|

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111 Agama-adhyayana kI dizA ___ThANaM sUtra (10 / 142) meM dasa prakAra ke kalpavRkSa Ae haiN| kalpavRkSoM kI rUr3ha mAnyatA yahI hai ki ve mana-icchita vastuoM kI pUrti karate haiM aura yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki ve manacAhe AbhUSaNa, bhojana, vastra yA anyAnya sukha-suvidhAeM dete haiN| Age calakara yaha bhI kaha diyA jAtA hai ki yaugalikaparamparA ke sAtha-sAtha kalpavRkSa bhI lupta ho ge| sarvaprathama isa rUr3ha mAnyatA kA koI puSTa AdhAra nahIM hai| yaugalika-yuga meM manuSya svabhAvataH zAnta, alpecchu aura anAkAMkSI hotA thaa| prakRti se zAnta, sarala aura sahaja hotA thaa| na samAja thA, na rASTra thA, na rAjA thA, na prajA thI, na zAsana the, na zAsita the, na atyAcAra thA, na daNDa-vidhAna thaa| usa yuga ke manuSyoM kI AvazyakatAeM alpa thiiN| unameM moha, rAga, dveSa Adi kI alpatA thii| yuga kA vaha AdikAla thaa| mAtA-pitA kI mRtyu se pahale eka yugala paidA hotaa| yauvana meM vahI yugala (bhAI-bahana) vivAha-sUtra meM baMdha jaataa| ve apanI-apanI AvazyakatAeM kalpavRkSoM se pUrI krte| ve sabhI strIpuruSa gehAkAra bhavana vRkSoM meM rhte| ve vRkSa svabhAva se hI vizAla aura AkAra-prakAra meM bhI vizAla bhavana ke samAna hote the| unameM Aroha aura avaroha ke svAbhAvika sAdhana rhte| vAtAyana taraha-taraha ke kamare Adi kI svAbhAvika AkRtiyAM hotiiN| yaugalikoM ko unameM rahane meM bahuta hI sukha miltaa| inheM 'gehAkAra' kalpavRkSa kahA jAtA thaa| jaba unheM pyAsa lagatI taba ve 'madAMgaka' vRkSa ke pAsa jaate| yaugalika inake phala ko tor3ate aura unase jharate hue sukha peya susvAdu mAdaka rasa ko pIkara pyAsa bujhaate| isa kalpavRkSa ke phala svabhAvataH hI sphoTa ko prApta hote aura unase vaha susvAdu rasa jharatA rhtaa| bhaMga-ye kalpavRkSa bhAjanAkAra pattoM vAle hote the| ina vRkSoM ke patra, puSpa yA phaloM kI yaha svAbhAvika pariNati thI ki ve thAlI-kaTorA ke AkAra vAle hote the| yaugalika inakA upayoga kAma meM Ane vAle padArthoM ko rakhane ke lie karate the| 'truTitAMga' kalpavRkSa unake Amoda-pramoda ke sAdhana the| ina vRkSoM ke phala tata, vitata, ghana, suSira Adi vibhinna AkAra vAle hote the aura yaugalika unakA prayoga kara bAjoM kA Ananda lete the|

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112 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA 'dIpAMga' aura 'jyotiaMga' nAma vAle kalpavRkSoM se nirantara prakAza nikltaa| yaha unakI visrasA svAbhAvika pariNati thii| 'jyotiaMga' kalpavRkSoM se sUrya kA-sA prakAza nikalatA aura sAre sthAna ko prakAzita kara detaa| isa prakAra yaugalikoM kI prakAza-saMbaMdhI samasyA isase samAhita ho jaatii| jaba ve bhUkha se pIr3ita hote taba ve 'citrarasa' kalpavRkSoM ke pAsa jAte aura unake phala khAkara kSudhA-nivAraNa krte| ina vRkSoM ke phala atyanta svAdiSTa, bala-buddhi ke bar3hAne vAle, indriya aura zarIra ko puSTa karane vAle hote the| inake khAne se pakavAna kA Ananda AtA thaa| 'citrAMga' kalpavRkSa atyanta sundara hote the| unake phUla mAlA ke AkAra vAle manohArI, vividha varNa vAle aura surabhiyukta hote the| _ 'maNiaMga' kalpavRkSoM ke patra-puSpa AbharaNoM ke AkAra vAle hote the, kaI patra-puSpa, kuNDala ke AkAra vAle, kaI kaTaka ke AkAra vAle, kaI bAjUbaMda ke AkAra vAle hote the| yaugalika strI-puruSa inhIM ko pahanakara AbhUSaNoM kA Ananda lUTate the| 'anagna' kalpavRkSoM kI chAla yA patra itane sUkSma aura patale hote the ki ve vastroM ke kAma meM aate| ina vastroM kI vibhinnatAoM se vastra kI pariNati meM bhI vibhinnatAeM AtIM aura ati sUkSma sukumAra devadUSya kA anukaraNa karane vAle, manohara aura nirmala AbhA vAle (vastra jaisI pariNati vAle) vastra taiyAra ho jaate| uparokta vivaraNa se yaha spaSTa hai ki unakI sArI AvazyakatAeM kalpavRkSoM se pUrNa hotI thiiN| ataH unheM 'kalpavRkSa' kaha diyA gyaa| sabhI kalpavRkSa vRkSamAtra the| vibhinna vRkSoM ke vibhinna upayoga hote the, parantu yaha nahIM ki kisI bhI vRkSa ke nIce khar3e hokara saptabhauma mahala kI vAMchA karane para vaha pUrita ho jAtI ho yA khIra-pUr3I pakavAna kI abhilASA karane mAtra se vaha kalpavRkSa unako prastuta kara detA ho| ye sArI bAteM upacAra se kaha dI jAtI haiN| isalie hama inheM aupacArika satya bhale hI kaha deM, para vAstavika satya nahIM hai| TIkAkAra isa viSaya meM bahuta spaSTa rahe haiN| parantu stavakakAroM kI paramparA ne isa mAnyatA ko kucha atiraMjita kara sAmane rakhA, ataH logoM ko isake prati kucha anAsthA-sI huii|

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AgamakAlIna sabhyatA aura saMskRti 113 Ae dina hama samAcArapatroM meM vRkSoM kI vicitra bAteM par3hate haiM, Aja unase hameM Azcarya hotA hai| rone vAle vRkSa, haMsane vAle vRkSa, mAMsAhArI vRkSa, dhvani karane vAle vRkSa, dUdha dene vAle vRkSa Adi-Adi ke astitva se hameM yaha mAnanA cAhie ki ye vRkSa bhI saMbhavataH usI paramparA ke haiN| Aja bhI jaMgala meM rahane vAlI jAtiyAM vRkSoM ke pattoM ke vastra pahanatI haiN| unhIM ke citra-vicitra AbhUSaNa banAkara dhAraNa karatI haiN| unhIM ke patra-puSpa khAtI haiN| saMkSepa meM vRkSa hI unake ekamAtra AdhAra haiN| isa dazA meM ye vRkSa hI unake lie kalpavRkSa manovAMchita pUrNa karane vAle kahe jAte haiN| uparokta vivaraNa se Agama meM varNita kalpavRkSoM kI yathArthatA prakaTa ho jAtI hai| yaha mAnyatA kevala kAlpanika hI nahIM, bauddhika bhI hai, aisA jJAna ho jAtA hai| yaha tabhI saMbhava hai jabaki hama yathArthatA ko dekhane kA yatna karate haiM yA taviSayaka itihAsa yA pAripArzvika upakaraNoM kI bhI upekSA nahIM krte| atiraMjana vastusthiti para AvaraNa DAla detA hai| hama atiraMjana ko vastu ke vyAkhyAna meM sthAna deM, parantu usake AvaraNa ko na bhulA baitthe| Aja ke isa sAdhana-bahula yuga meM kevala anuzruti ko hI antima pramANa mAnakara satya kI khoja kA dvAra banda kara denA buddhimattA nahIM hai| Aja bhI Agama-sAhitya meM aise bahuta-se tathya haiM jo ki prayoga ke abhAva meM logoM kI buddhi meM nahIM smaate| Aja AvazyakatA hai ki jaina vidvAn unakA anveSaNa kareM aura yathArthatA ko sAmane rakhane kA prayAsa kreN| isa prakriyA se AgamoM ke prati anAsthA pravAha rukegA aura loga AgamoM ke prati vizeSa Azvasta hoNge| 28. AgamakAlIna sabhyatA aura saMskRti jJAna ananta hai, jJeya bhI ananta hai| donoM kA anyonyAzrita sambandha hai| jJAna kI anantatA zreya ke Anantya ko sUcita karatI hai aura jJeya kI anantatA jJAna ke Anantya ko batAtI hai| AtmA ananta jJAnamaya cetanA-piNDa hai| yaha usakA svAbhAvika svarUpa hai| parantu jaba vaha karmabaddha hotI hai, taba usake AvaraNa kI taratamatA se jJAna pragaTa hotA hai aura usI ke anusAra vyakti jJeya kA pariccheda karatA hai|

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Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA jaina darzana jJAna kI ananta upalabdhi meM vizvAsa karatA hai / yaha Atmazuddhi sApekSa hai| jaba taka ghAti karma-catuSTaya kA sarvathA vinAza nahIM hotA, AtmA meM ananta-jJAna kI sphuraNA nahIM hotii| isake binA sarvajJatA nahIM aatii| sarvajJatA jJAna kA carama vikAsa hai| jJAna kA taratama bhAva hameM yaha mAnane ke lie prerita karatA hai ki jJAna kI carama avasthA bhI honI cAhie, jise pA lene ke bAda aura kucha zeSa nahIM raha jaataa| yaha vItarAga - avasthA kI carama pariNati hai / tadanantara sAdhaka nirdvandva ho, saMkalpa - vikalpoM se sarvathA chuTakArA pA anubhUta -samAdhi ko prApta kara letA hai / adhyAtma kA Adibindu sampravRtti hai aura usakI pariNati hai akriyA -yahI nirvANa hai, mokSa hai, zAnti hai / 114 jaina - darzana AtmA kA darzana hai / AtmA ko kendra-bindu mAnakara usakI parikramA kiye vaha calatA hai aura usakI upalabdhi meM apanI sAdhanA kI parisamApti mAnatA hai / jaina- darzana kI bhitti AtmavAda hai / jaba se Atma- astitva kA jJAna hai, taba se jaina darzana hai aura jaba se jaina darzana hai, taba se Atma- astitva kA jJAna hai| yaha anAdi-ananta hai / ananta kAla - cakra ho cuke haiM aura bhaviSya meM ananta kAla-cakra hoNge| una sabameM jaina pravacana kA prajJApana hotA rahegA / kAla kI vicitra pariNati ke kAraNa isakI udita yA astamita dazA avazya hogI, parantu yaha sampUrNataH naSTa nahIM hogI / jaina darzana prAcIna kAla meM 'nirgrantha- pravacana' kahalAtA thA / AgamoM meM isakA ullekha aneka bAra huA hai| 'jaina' zabda kA pracalana kaba se huA, isakA nizcita itihAsa nahIM miltaa| mere dekhane meM vizeSAvazyakabhASya gAthA (383) meM kevalI ke lie 'jaina', (prA. jaiNa) zabda prayukta huA hai| saMbhava hai yahI sabase prAcIna ullekha ho / jaina dharma aura darzana ke AdhAra para grantha 'gaNipiTaka' Agama 'yA' sUtra kahalAte haiN| zruta ke aneka paryAya haiM, jaise- zruta, sUtra, grantha, siddhAnta, pravacana, AjJA, vacana, upadeza, prajJApana, Agama...... 12 1. 2. jaiNasamugdhAya gaie, patra 148 / 'suyasutta gantha siddha tapa vayaNe ANavayaNa uvaese / paNNavaNa Agame yA egaTThA pajjavA sutte / / - anuyogadvAra 4, vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA 897 /

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AgamakAlIna sabhyatA aura saMskRti 115 Agama bhI sUtra kA paryAya hai| Agama kA artha hai jo tattva AcAraparamparA se vAsita hokara AtA hai, vaha Agama hai| isa prakAra Agama-zabda samagra zruta-jJAna kA paricAyaka hai| parantu jaina dhArmika granthoM ko jo 'Agama' saMjJA prApta hai, vaha kucha vizeSa granthoM ke lie hI hai| 'gaNipiTaka' zabda dvAdaza aMgoM ke lie prayukta hotA hai| jaina sUtroM meM sthAna-sthAna para 'duvAlasaMga' 'gaNipiDagaM' aisA ullekha AtA hai| prAyaH yaha bAraha aMgoM kA samudayavAcI zabda hai, parantu kahIM-kahIM ise eka aMga kA vAcaka bhI mAnA hai| isakA zAbdika artha hai-gaNI, AcAryapiTaka, srvsv| AcArya kA srvsv| sarvasAdhAraNa meM jaina-AgamoM ke lie sUtra saMjJA pracalita hai| isakA kAraNa hai ki Agama bahulAMza meM sUtra kI paripATI meM liye gaye hai| ataH racanA ke AdhAra para unheM sUtra kaha diyA gyaa| Agama-vyavasthA Agama ke do mukhya bheda haiM-aMga-praviSTa aura aMga-bAhya athavA anNgprvisstt| ye vibhAga prAcInatama haiN| gaNadhara bhagavAn mahAvIra ko prazna pUchate -samavAya 1. 'AgacchatyAcAryaparamparayA vaasnaadvaarennetyaagmH|' -siddhasenagaNikRtabhASyAnusAriNI TIkA, pR. 89 / 2. samavAyAMga, pra. 88,132,134 / 3. tiNhaM gaNipiDagANaM AcAracUliyAvajjANaM sattAvaNNaM ajjhayaNA paNNattA taM jahA-AyAre, sUyagaDe tthaanne....| 17 / 1 / 'gaNipiTakaM-guNagaNo'syAstIti gaNI-AcAryastasya piTakaM sarvasvaM gaNipiTakam'-anuyogadvAra sUtra, 42, maladhArI hemacandrasUrikRtabRhavRttipatra, 288 / naMdIsUtra 44 / dekho-vizeSAvazyakabhASya para maladhArIhemacandrasUrikRta bRhavRtti, ptr-288||

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Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA 116 haiM- 'bhayavaM ! kiM tattaM / " bhagavAn kahate haiM- 'uppanei vA, vigamei vA, dhuvei vA' ise 'praznatritaya', 'mAtR paDivA', 'niSadhAtraya' athavA 'tripadI' kahA jAtA hai| inake phalasvarUpa jina granthoM kI racanA hotI hai, vaha aMga-praviSTa kahalAtA hai aura itara racanAeM aNg-baahy| dvAdazAMgI avazya hI gaNadharakRta hai, kyoMki yaha tripadI se udbhUta hotI hai / parantu gaNadharakRta samasta racanAeM aMga nahIM kahalAtIM / ataH tripadI ke binA mukta vyAkaraNa se jo racanAeM hotI hai, cAhe phira ve gaNadharakRta hoM yA anya sthavirakRta, una sabakA samAveza 'aMga - bAhya' se hotA hai / Agama-racanA Agama-racanA ke viSaya meM matabheda hai| kaI yaha mAnate haiM ki gaNadhara sarvaprathama caudaha pUrvoM kI racanA karate haiM aura tadanantara AcAra Adi aMgoM kI racanA hotI hai / 2 1. dUsarA mata yaha hai ki gaNadhara sarvaprathama AcAra Adi kI racanA karate haiM aura anta meM caudaha pUrvoM kii| pahalA mata ucita pratIta hotA hai / usake aucitya kA nimna AdhAra hai / pUrvoM meM sArA zruta samA jAtA hai / kintu sAdhAraNa loga pUrvoM ko samajha nahIM skte| unakA viSaya atyanta durUha aura kliSTa hotA hai / striyoM ko pUrvoM kA adhyayana karane kA adhikAra nahIM hai / kyoMki unameM tucchatva, abhimAna, caMcalatA, dhRti - daurbalya Adi dUSaNoM kI adhikatA yad gaNadharaiH sAkSAd labdhaM tadaGgapraviSTaM tathA dvAdazAGgametat punaH sthavirairbhadrabAhusvAmiprabhRtibhirAcAryairupanibaddhaM tadanaGgapraviSTaM taccAvazyakaniryuktyAdi athavA vAratrayaMgaNadharASTena sattA bhagavatA tIrthaMkareNa yatpratyucyate 'utpanne ivA vigamei vA dhuvai vA' iti yattrayaM tadanusRtya yanniSpannaM tadaGgapraviSTaM, yatpunargaNadharapraznavyatirekeNa zeSakRtapraznapUrvakaM vA bhagavato yutkalaM vyAkaraNaM tadadhikRtya yanniSpannaM jambUdvIpaprajJaptyAdi, yacca vA gaNadharavacAMsyevopajitya dRbdhamAvazyakaniryuktyAdi pUrvasthaviraistadanaGgapraviSTaM.... sarvapakSeSu dvAdazAGgAnAmaGgapraviSTaM zeSamanaGgapraviSTaM uktaM ca - 'gaNaharadheravAyaM vA AesA mukkavA-garaNato vA / dhuvacalavisesato vA aMgA nANaMtaM....vizeSAvazyaka gAthA - 547 / malayagirikRta Avazyaka sUtra - vRttipatra - 48 / 2. ....AcAro....aGgalakSaNavastutvena prathamamaGgasthApanAmadhikRtaracanA'pekSayA tu dvAdazamaGgam....samavAyAMga abhayadevasUrikRta vRttipatra - 108 /

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AgamakAlIna sabhyatA aura saMskRti 117 hotI hai / ataH manda buddhivAle logoM aura striyoM ke lie dvAdazAMgI tathA aMgabAhya granthoM kI racanA huI hai / ' Agama-sAhitya meM adhyayana - paramparA ke tIna krama milate haiM / kucha zramaNa caturdazapUrvI hote the, kucha dvAdazAMgI ke vidvAn aura kucha sAmAyika Adi gyAraha aMgoM ke pAThaka hote the / caturdazapUrvI zramaNoM kA adhika mahattva rahA hai| unheM 'suta- kevalI' kahA gayA hai / " jisa prakAra caturdazapUrvI haiM, kyA usI prakAra gyArahapUrvI, bArahapUrvI aura terahapUrvI bhI hote haiM ? AcArya droNa ne kahA ki isa avasarpiNI kAla meM caudaha pUrvadhara ke bAda dasapUrvI hI hote haiM, gyAraha, bAraha, terahapUrvI nahIM hote / sena prazna (patra 104) meM kahA gayA hai ki jisa prakAra caudahapUrvadhara, dasapUrvadhara, naupUrvadhara hue haiM usI prakAra eka se ATha pUrvadhara bhI hone cAhie, kyoMki jIva-kalpa kI vRtti meM AcAra - prakaraNa se ATha pUrva taka ke dhAraka ko 'zruta vyavahArI' kahA gayA hai| AgamoM kI bhASA jaina AgamoM kI bhASA arddhamAgadhI hai / Agama - sAhitya ke anusAra jaina tIrthaMkara ardhamAgadhI meM upadeza dete haiM / ....ye durmedhasaH te pUrvANi nAdhyetumIzate, pUrvANamatigambhIrArthatvAt teSAM ca durmedhasatvAt strINAM pUrvAdhyayanAnadhikAra eva, tAsAM tucchatvAdidoSabahulatvAt / uktaM ca- tucchA gAravabahuA caliMdiyA dubbalAdhiIe ya / iti avasajjhayaNA bhUyAvAyo na itthINaM....vizeSAvazyakabhASya gAthA 555 / ....to durmedhasAM strINAM cAnugrahAya zeSAgamAnAmaMgabAhyasya ca viracanamati - uktaM ca 'jaiviya bhUyAvae' savvassa vayogayassa oyAro / nijjUhaNA tahAvihu dummeheyappa itthIyA - vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA 554 / 2. jainadarzana : manana aura mImAMsA, pRSTha 60 / 3. oghaniryukti vRttipatra 3 / 4. 5. prAkRta Adi chaha bhASAoM meM 'mAgadhI' bhI eka hai| isameM 'ra' aura 'sa' ko 'la' aura 'sa' ( mAgdhyAM rasau lasau) ho jAtA hai| yaha mAgadhI kA lakSaNa hai / jo bhASA isa samagra lakSaNa se yukta nahIM hotI use ardhamAgadhI kahA jAtA hai / samavAyAMga sUtra - abhayadevasUrikRta vRttipatra 59 / bhagavaM ca NaM addhamAgahIe bhAsAe dhammamAikkhar3a - samavAyAMga, 34 / 22 /

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118 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA ___ ise usa samaya kI divyabhASA mAnA hai| yaha prAkRta kA hI eka rUpa hai| prAkRta ko svAbhAvika aura saMskRta ko vikRta 'Agantuka' bhASA mAnA jAtA thaa| yaha magadha ke eka bhAga meM bolI jAtI thI, isalie ardhamAgadhI khlaaii| isameM mAgadhI aura dUsarI aTThAraha bhASAoM ke lakSaNa mizrita haiM, isalie bhI ise ardhamAgadhI kahA gyaa| isameM dezya zabdoM kI bahulatA hai| yaha isalie ki vibhinna jAti, deza aura kula ke vyakti bhagavAn mahAvIra ke tIrtha meM pravrajita hue| ataH unakI bhASAoM kA mizraNa svAbhAvika thaa| mAgadhI aura dezya zabdoM kA mizraNa ardhamAgadhI hai| ise ArSa yA Arya bhI kahA jAtA hai| ___bhASA kI dRSTi se AgamoM ko do yugoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai-I. pUrva cAra sau se I. sau taka kA pahalA yuga hai| isameM racita aMgoM kI bhASA ardhamAgadhI hai| dUsarA yuga I. sau se I. pAMca sau taka kA hai| isameM racita yA nirmUDha AgamoM kI bhASA mahArASTrI prAkRta hai| 29. uttarAdhyayana ke tIna TIkAkAra vaizAkha zuklA paMcamI ko uttarAdhyayana sUtra kA kArya prArambha huaa| dazavaikAlika sUtra ke pazcAt AcArAMga kA kArya hameM lenA cAhie thA, kyoMki ye donoM sUtra saMbaMdhita haiN| dazavaikAlika sUtra meM varNita sAdhvAcAra kA vistAra hameM AcArAMga meM upalabdha hotA hai| ataH donoM parasparApekSI haiN| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki dazavaikAlika sUtra ke bRhattara kAryakAla meM AcArAMga sUtra ke kaI sthaloM 1. devA NaM addhamAgahAe bhAsAe bhAsaMti, bhagavatI 5 / 93 / 2. jaina darzana : manana aura mImAMsA, pR. 61 / 3. titthagarehiM vaijogeNa pabhAsitehe gaNadharehiM vaijogeNa ceva suttIkataM, taM puNa gahi....pAgata bhAsIe sasabhAguNaH vaikRtastu bhASA Agantuka ityarthaH, cU. pR. 7 / 4. magadaddhavisayabhAsANibaddhaM addhmaagh-nishiithcuurnni| 5. aTThArasadesIbhAsANimayaM vA addhmaagh-nishiithcuurnni| (ka) sakkatA pAgatA ceva, doNNi ya bhaNiti aahiyaa| saramaMDalaMmi gijjaMte, pasatthA isibhaasitaa| (ThANaM 7 / 48 / 10) (kha) prAkRtavyAkaraNa, hema. 8 / 1 / 3 /

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uttarAdhyayana ke tIna TIkAkAra 119 kA pArAyaNa bhI ho cukA thaa| viSayoM kI spaSTatA prakAzamAna thii| ataH usa sUtra para kArya karane meM suvidhA rhtii| parantu hamArA cunAva uttarAdhyayana sUtra hI rhaa| yaha bhI niSkAraNa nahIM thaa| kyoMki mUla sUtra pATha ke nirdhAraNa ke binA AcArAMga yA kisI bhI sUtra para kArya karanA itanA artha nahIM rkhtaa| uttarAdhyayana sUtra kA pATha-saMzodhana ho cukA thA, ataH usa para hI anveSaNa kArya prArambha huaa| Agama-kArya avasthiti aura ekAntatA sApekSa hai| yaha apekSA isa mahAnagara kalakattA meM hamAre lie saMbhava huii| par3hane vAle ko Azcarya avazya hogA parantu yaha sahI sthiti hai| jaba taka AcAryapravara kalakattA ke upanagaroM meM aNuvrata kA sandeza lie ghUma rahe the, taba taka munizrI nathamalajI tathA unake nirdezana meM kArya karane vAle ATha-dasa sAdhu mahAsabhA bhavana meM hI rhe| kaI sAdhu bImAra the| unheM bhI vahIM rakhA gyaa| eka ora saMyamI muniyoM kI sevA, dUsarI ora jina-zAsana kI sevA-zrutasevA thii| Ananda kA pArAvAra umar3a rahA thaa| rugNa-paricaryA aura zrutArAdhanA donoM kArya sAtha-sAtha clte| jaba AcAryazrI mahAsabhA bhavana meM caturmAsArtha padhAre taba munizrI nathamalajI Adi chaha santoM ko hesTiMgsa meM (mahAsabhA ke tIna mIla dUra) prabhudayAlajI DAbar3IvAla ke makAna meM Thaharane kA Adeza diyaa| sthAna kI nIravatA, svacchatA aura ekAntatA se kArya-gati meM vega aayaa| uttarAdhyayana ke kArya ke lie hamAre sAmane mukhyataH tIna pratiyAM thIM jinadAsa kI cUrNi, zAntyAcArya aura nemIcandra kI ttiikaaeN| isake sAthasAtha jekobI, sarapenTiyara tathA anyAnya bhAratIya vidvAnoM ke uttarAdhyayana para kie gae kArya bhI the| prastuta nibandha meM ina tInoM TIkAkAroM kA saMkSipta paricaya hI abhipreta hai| zAntyAcArya inake jIvana kA vistRta lekhA-jokhA prApta nahIM hotaa| uttarAdhyayana kI TIkA ke anta meM prazasti-zlokoM meM jIvana ke kucheka pahaluoM para prakAza par3atA hai| una zlokoM meM inake kAla-mAna kA koI nAmollekha nahIM hai, parantu dharmasAgaragaNI ke gurvAvalI sUtra meM yaha ullekha AyA hai ki 'zAntisUrI' kA 1. muni mIThAlAlajI, sumeramalajI 'sudarzana', sumeramalajI 'sumana', zrIcandrajI, dulhraajjii|

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120 Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA dehAvasAna vi. saM. 1996 meM huaa| isake anusAra unakA kAlamAna gyArahavIM zatAbdI ThaharatA hai / inako 'vAdivetAla' bhI kahate the / parantu yaha upAdhi kyoM dI gaI ? isakA samucita samAdhAna nahIM miltaa| saMbhava hai ye vAda-vivAda meM pramukha rahe hoM / ataH inheM 'vAdivetAla' kahA gayA ho| ina TIkAoM se yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki inakA jJAna sarvAMgasparzI thA / kaI pratiyoM meM prazasti ke sAta zloka aura kaiyoM meM tIna hI zloka milate haiN| unake AdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki zAntyAcArya dhArApadragaccha (tha, rApadragaccha ) ke anuyAyI the, jisakA utsa thA 'kAthakaranAnvaya' | yaha candrakula kI zAkhA thI aura candrakula 'vAyarI zAkhA' kA eka vibhAga thA, jo koTika vaMza se utpanna huA thA / koTika gaNa ke saMsthApaka AcArya suhastI ke donoM ziSya - susthita aura supratibandha the / zAntisUrI ke guru yA adhyApaka sarvadeva aura abhayadeva the / ye abhayadeva navAMgI TIkAkAra abhayadeva sUrI se bhinna haiM, kyoMki inakI mRtyu saM. 1135 athavA 1139 meM huI thI aura ye zAntisUrI se choTe the / Age calakara prazasti meM zAntisUrI hameM yaha batAte haiM ki unake samaya meM uttarAdhyayana para aneka TIkAeM - vRttiyAM thIM to bhI guNasena kI preraNA se unhoMne yaha bRhattara kArya prArambha kiyA aura bhillabhAla kuTumba ke bhUSaNa zrI zAntyAmAtya dvArA saMsthApita 'aNahilapATana' caitya meM ise likhA / parantu TIkA kI pUrti kaba aura kahAM huI isakA usameM koI ullekha nahIM hai| basa itanA saMkSipta vivaraNa hI prazasti zlokoM se upalabdha hai / inakI TIkA 'ziSyahitA TIkA' ke nAma se prasiddha hai aura isakI yaha vizeSatA hai ki isameM mUla sUtra aura niyukti donoM kI vyAkhyAeM upalabdha haiN| aneka pratiyoM meM ziSyahitA kA ullekha nahIM huA hai / yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki uttarAdhyayana para likhI gaI prAcIna TIkAoM meM yaha zIrSa sthAnIya hai / pAThAntaroM kA isameM samucita saMgraha kiyA gayA hai jisase ki usa samaya kI vibhinna vAcanAoM kI ora saMketa milatA hai| sabase bar3I bAta isameM yaha hai ki isameM pAThAntaroM ke sAtha-sAtha arthAntaroM kA bhI ullekha hai jisase ki artha ke utkarSApakarSa kA bhalI-bhAMti patA laga jAtA hai / pAThAntaroM kA ullekha I 'paThanti ca pAThArantazca, pAThAntare tu' - aisA kahakara karate haiN| kahIM-kahIM 'nAgArjunIyAstu paThanti' likhakara pAThAntara kI ora saMketa kiyA hai aura yaha

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uttarAdhyayana ke tIna TIkAkAra 121 1 / 47, 3 / 12, 6 / 1, 8 / 1 meM AyA hai| sarapenTiyara ne yahAM yaha prazna upasthita kiyA hai ki zAntyAcArya 'nAgArjunIya' ke pAThoM kA ullekha kyoM karate haiM? aura isako samAhita karate hue likhate haiM ki AcArya nAgArjuna 'devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa' ke paramparA-guru the| ataH devarddhigaNI ke anya pAThAntaroM ke sAtha AcArya nAgArjuna ke pAThoM ko bhI saMgRhIta kiyaa| guru ke prati vizeSa zraddhA pradarzita karate hue unake nAmollekhapUrvaka pAThAntaroM kA apanI pratiyoM meM ullekha kiyA hai| inakI TIkA se yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki inhoMne kisI eka hI pUrvaja kA anusaraNa nahIM kiyA hai| parantu usa samaya meM upalabdha sAmagrI kA yathocita upayoga kiyaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki eka hI zabda ke samAsa-bheda se yA paramparA-bheda se ve aneka artha dene meM samartha hae haiN| dUsarI bAta hai ki TIkA meM yatra-tatra vibhinna aitihAsika sAmagrI bhI milatI hai| (zAntisUrI ne apanI TIkA meM vibhinna kathAoM kA saMgraha bhI kiyA hai| parantu ye kathAeM atyanta saMkSipta haiN| inakA vistRta rUpa nemIcandra kI sukha-bodhA TIkA meM milatA hai| lyUmena ne isa bhinnatA ko lakSita kara yaha anumAna kiyA hai ki devendra (nemIcandra) ne apanI TIkA meM anyAnya srotoM se sAmagrI ekatrita kI aura vizeSataH dRSTivAda ke caturtha bhAga se, jinameM ki paurANika kathAeM aura jIvaniyAM saMdRbdha thiiN| parantu zAntisUrI ne aisA nahIM kiyaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki ve 'uttarAdhyayana paramparA' ko yathArtha rUpa meM upasthita karate haiM aura nemIcandra anyAnya sUtroM kI sAmagrI se mizrita kara usako rakhate haiN| zAntisUrI ne dazavaikAlika sUtra ke zlokoM kA sthAna-sthAna para ullekha kiyA hai| inakA pramukha dRSTikoNa sUtrArtha ko spaSTa karane kA rahA hai, anyAnya sAmagrI kA vistAra anapekSita hI thaa| yaha isa udAharaNa se spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM AThaveM adhyayana ke terahaveM zloka meM laukika vidyA ke dyotaka tIna zabda prayukta hue haiM-lakkhaNa (saM. lakSaNavidyA), suviNaM (saM. svapna-vijJAna), aMgavijjaM (saM. aNgvidyaa)| ye tInoM vidyAeM bhAratIya RSimuniyoM dvArA phalita, puSpita aura pallavita huiiN| ina para anekAneka grantha likhe gae, vistRta vyAkhyAeM likhI gaIM aura kriyAtmaka anubhUtiyoM kA saMcAlana bhI huaa| jainoM ke prAcInatama sAhitya 'pUrvo' meM ina vidyAoM kA sarvAMgINa vivecana bharA par3A thaa| isakA vivaraNa yatra-tatra uttaravartI sAhitya meM upalabdha kaI eka ghaTanAoM se milatA hai| lakSaNa vidyA ke prasaMga meM zAntyAcArya kevala eka hI zloka prastuta karate

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122 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA haiM aura nemIcandra solaha zloka dete haiN| isI prakAra svapna ke saMbaMdha meM zAntyAcArya do zloka aura aMgavijjA ke lie 'siraphuraNNe kirarajjaM iti Adi'' aisA kahakara chor3a dete haiM, parantu nemIcandra teraha aura sAta zloka dete haiN| isI prakAra saMkSepa aura vistAra hotA rahA hai| TIkA kA granthAna 18,000 zloka parimita hai| 557 gAthAeM niyukti kI haiM, jina para bhI TIkA hai| yadi TIkA na ho to kahIM-kahIM ye gAthAeM atyanta aspaSTa raha jAtI haiN| yathA niyukti 95,375 aadi| devendragaNI inheM nemIcandra bhI kahate haiN| inakI uttarAdhyayana kI TIkA 'sukhabodhA' kahalAtI hai| uttarAdhyayana kI TIkA ke anta meM prazasti zlokoM se yaha patA calatA hai ki isa TIkA kI samApti saM. 1129 meM huI thii| ataH inakA kAlamAna gyArahavIM-bArahavIM zatAbdI kaha sakate haiN| ye tapAgaccha ke the aura inake guru amaradeva vRhadgaccha ke AcArya udyotana ke ziSya the| vRhadgaccha candrakula ke Adhipatya meM thA, jisakI zlAghA pradyumna, mAnadeva Adi AcAryoM ne kI hai| devendra ko isa TIkA likhane kI preraNA apane satIrthika muni AcArya municandra se milI thI aura 'aNahilapATana' nagara meM 'dohaDi seTha kI vasati meM yaha sampUrNa huii| isakA granthamAna bAraha hajAra anuSTup zloka parimANa hai| | yaha TIkA apane ApameM svataMtra racanA nahIM hai| AcArya zAntisUrI kI bRhavRtti kA yaha laghu pratibimba-sA hai| granthakartA nemIcandra svayaM apanI TIkA ke prAraMbha meM yaha likhate haiM ki 'bahvAd vRddhakRtAd, gambhIrAd vivaraNAt samuddhRtya / adhyayanAnAmuttara-pUrvANAmekapAThagatAm // 3 // arthAntarANi pAThAntarANi sUtre ca vRddhttiikaatH| boddhavyAni yato'yaM, prArambho gmnikaamaatrm||4|| arthAt uttarAdhyayana para vRddha racita bahvarthaka gambhIra vivaraNa ke AdhAra para yaha TIkA racI gaI hai| arthAntara aura pAThAntara vRddha TIkA se jAnane caahie| yaha to kevala gamanikAmAtra hai| isa TIkA kI apanI eka anupama vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM kathAoM 1. uttarAdhyayana, sukhabodhA, vRtti, pR. 130 /

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uttarAdhyayana ke tIna TIkAkAra 123 kA viziSTa saMkalana huA hai| isI vizeSatA ke kAraNa pAzcAtya vidvAn isa ora AkRSTa hue haiN| kathAoM kA saMketa zAntyAcArya kI TIkAoM meM bhI milatA hai, parantu vaha kevala nAmamAtra kA hai| kahIM-kahIM do-tIna lAineM aura kahIM-kahIM eka-eka pRSTha kI kathAeM haiM, jo vastutaH kisI bhAvanA-vizeSa ko spaSTa nahIM krtiiN| parantu nemIcandra kI TIkA meM saMgRhIta kathA-vastu vistRta aura rucipUrNa hai| mahArASTrIya prAkRta kI sulalita zabdAvalI meM sandRbdha ye kathAeM bejor3a haiN| ye kathAeM kisI prAcIna sAmagrI se saMkalita kI hoM aisA unhIM ke zabdoM se spaSTa pratIta hotA hai| svayaM nemIcandra yaha kahate haiM ki-'etAni ca caritAni yathA pUrva-prabandheSu dRSTAni tathA likhitaani|' ye (pratyeka buddha ke kathAnaka) jaise pUrva prabaMdhoM meM dekhe haiM vaise hI likhe haiN| sarapenTiyara' ne 'pUrvaprabandheSu' kI mImAMsA kI hai aura ve isa niSkarSa para pahuMcate haiM ki yadyapi 'pUrvaprabandheSu' kA paramparAgata artha jJAta nahIM hai, phira bhI lyUmena kA yaha kathana hai ki yaha zabda dRSTivAda ke kisI aMza kA dyotaka hai| sarvaprathama ina kathAoM kA paricaya DaoN. harmana jekobI ne apanI kRti Ausgewahete Cargah Nugen in Maharastri meM kiyA jo ki I. 1886 meM prakAzita huI thii| ye jarmana bhASA meM likhI gaI thiiN| yahI kathAeM 1909 meM le. je. meyara dvArA Hindu Tailes meM aMgrejI bhASA meM anUdita huI thI, jisameM ki vidvatApUrNa TippaNiyAM bhI thiiN| anyAnya vidvAnoM ne bhI ina kathAoM kA upayoga kiyA hai| sarapenTiyara ne nemIcandra kI TIkA ko mukhya mAnakara pATha nirdhAraNa kiyA hai aura TippaNiyAM likhI haiN| unakA yaha tarka hai ki isa kRti meM pAThAntaroM kA jhamelA nahIM hai, ataH pAThaka va anveSaka vidyArthI ko suvidhA milatI hai| isameM mUla zabdoM kA artha atyanta saMkSipta aura sAragarbhita hai| bIca-bIca meM dazavaikAlika sUtra ke uddharaNa tathA anyAnya granthoM ke zloka, gAthAeM Adi bhI uddhRta kiye haiN| anyAnya viSayoM ke vistAra kI apekSA se yaha zAntyAsUri kI TIkA se bar3ha-car3hakara hai| isakA sodAharaNa ullekha pichale pRSThoM meM kiyA gayA hai| ___ eka bAta samajha meM nahIM AtI ki donoM TIkAkAra apanI TIkA likhane ke krama kA nirvAha kyoM nahIM krte| prathama kaI adhyayanoM kI TIkA vistRta hai 1. dI uttarAdhyayana, bhUmikA, pR. 16, bAI sarapenTiyara /

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124 Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA aura lagabhaga antima bAraha-teraha adhyayanoM kI atyanta saMkSipta / unameM na anyAnya gAthAoM kA saMkalana hI hai aura na vizeSa kathAeM bhI haiM / nemIcandra kI anya racanAeM bhI haiM, jinameM 'mahAvIra caritra' eka anupama prAkRta grantha-ratna hai| isakI racanA prAkRta padyoM meM huI aura usI 'aNahila pATana' nagara ke dohaDi zreSThI kI vasati meM vaha saM. 1141 meM samApta huI thI / saMbhava hai uttarAdhyayana kI TIkA ke pazcAt ve anyAnya nagaroM meM vihAra karate hue punaH usI nagara meM Ae aura usI zreSThI ke yahAM rahakara yaha racanA kI / ' jinadAsa isa cUrNi ke karttA jinadAsa mahattara haiM - yaha suvidita hai| phira bhI sarapenTiyara Adi yaha kahate haiM ki isa cUrNi ke karttA ajJAta haiN| aisA kahane kA ve yaha AdhAra prastuta karate haiM ki zAntisUrI aura nemIcandra ne apanI TIkAoM meM kevala - 'cUrNya dRzyate, cUrNikAra, cUrNikRta' itanA mAtra ullekha kiyA hai| parantu yaha AdhAra galata hai| yaha sarvavidita tathya hai ki bahulAMza meM cUrNi-grantha ke praNetA jinadAsa mahattara hI haiM aura yaha spaSTa hai ki aneka AgamoM para unakI cUrNiyAM milatI haiN| ataH TIkAkAroM ne unakA nAmollekha karanA Avazyaka na samajhA ho / uttarAdhyayana sUtra kI cUrNi meM aitihAsika tathyoM kA saMcayana hai / isameM pAThAntara aura arthAntaroM kA bhI yatra-tatra ullekha hai / artha karane kI isakI svataMtra vidhi hai| prAyaH zabdoM kI vyutpatti ke AdhAra para artha kiyA gayA hai, jaise- 'aznute sarvalokeSviti yazaH, vRNoti vRNvanti tamiti varNaH, eti yAti asminniti AyuH, styAyate iti stena:' aadi-aadi| ye artha kahIM-kahIM atyanta spaSTa aura subodhya haiM, parantu kahIM-kahIM atyanta dUra jA par3ate haiM / kathAoM kA grahaNa bhI huA hai, parantu atyanta saMkSipta | sabase bar3I visaMgati yaha hai ki prAraMbhika bAraha adhyayanoM kI cUrNi vistRta hai aura agale adhyayanoM kI saMkSipta / yaha tathya isa prakAza kiraNa meM atyadhika spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki isa cUrNi ke mudrita pRSTha 284 haiM / inameM prathama bAraha adhyayana ke 212 pRSTha haiM. aura zeSa 24 adhyayanoM ke kevala 72 pRSTha | aisA kyoM huA, isakA samAdhAna sarala nahIM hai / isakA granthAgra 5850 anuSTup zloka parimANa hai| yaha 1. uttarAdhyayana, sukhabodhA kI prastAvanA, pR. 2 /

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uttarAdhyayana ke tIna TIkAkAra 125 cUrNi artha Adi ke nizcaya meM itanI sahAyaka nahIM banatI, jitanI zAntyAcArya kI ttiikaa| phira bhI kaI eka dRSTiyoM se isake prAthamika adhyayana avazya boddhavya haiN| uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke kArya-kAla meM hamane ina tInoM (zAntyAcArya aura nemIcandra kI TIkA, jinadAsa kI cUrNi) kA yathAyogya upayoga kiyA hai| phira bhI jahAM-jahAM hameM jaina-paramparA se visaMgati pratIta huI hai vahAM hamane apanA maulika dRSTikoNa rakhA hai aura TippaNa meM usakA sakAraNa ullekha kiyA hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra kA anuvAda pUrNa ho cukA hai aura pandraha adhyayanoM kI vistRta TippaNiyAM bhI likhI jA cukI haiN| saMbhava hai yaha sArA kArya caturmAsa taka pUrNa ho jaae| sthAna kI nIravatA aura ekAntatA ne isa kArya-pragati meM sahAyatA pahuMcAI hai isameM koI sandeha nhiiN| isase adhika AcAryapravara kI utsAhavarddhaka preraNA aura kuzala nirdezaka munizrI nathamalajI kI kAryaniSThA aura sahayogI santoM ke zrama se hI alpa samaya meM yaha gurutara kArya ho sakA hai| abhI to hama anveSaNa kArya ke prathama sopAna para haiM-maMjila dUra hai, parantu munizrI buddhamallajI kI ukti se 'calate haiM jaba paira, svayaM patha bana jAtA hai' hama maMjila ke pAsa haiM-aisA anubhava karate haiN| kAryaniSThA kA pratyeka caraNa lakSya kI avikala anubhUti ko lie calatA hai| jaba vaha anubhUti pUrNatA ko prApta hotI hai taba svayaM lakSya karmaniSTha bana karmarata vyakti meM ota-prota ho jAtA hai| sarjaka kA kArya hai sarjana krnaa| usakA upayoga jana-mAnasa kitanA kara sakatA hai, yaha usI para nirbhara hai| bIca meM eka rekhA aura hai jo sarjaka aura jana-mAnasa ko jor3atI hai| vaha hai sattA kI pAMkhoM se ur3Ana bharane vAlI-kabhI sahI, kabhI jhUThI vidvat varga yA adhikArI varga kI shrennii| vaha racayitA kI racanA ko kaba, kaise janasAdhAraNa ke sAmane upasthita karanA hai, yaha jAnatI hai| yadi yaha tathya anabhijJa rahatA hai to vaha use hI lIla jAtI hai aura tathya kI abhijJatA hone para bhI yadi akarmaNyatA hotI hai to bhI vaha apane uttaradAyitva ke agnikuNDa meM bhasma ho jAtA hai| uttaradAyitva vaha hai jisake nibhAne meM apUrva AtmatoSa hotA hai aura uttaradAyitva ke yogya vyakti vaha hai jisameM jIvana kI aneka mahattvAkAMkSAeM anavarata prajvalita rahatI haiN| akarmaNyatA, Alasya, kalaha Adi doSa uttaradAyI vyakti ko bhI anuttaradAyI banA dete haiM ise kAryakartA na bhuuleN|

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126 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA 30. uttarAdhyayanagata deza, nagara aura grAmoM kA paricaya ___ sAhitya darpaNa hai| usameM tAtkAlika tathyoM kA vizada pratibimba milatA hai| saMskRti, sabhyatA, paramparAeM, aitihAsika tathya, jIvana-darzana, vicArakrAMti, sAdhanA-paddhati Adi-Adi viSayoM ke sAtha deza, grAma, nagara Adi kI bhogaulika sthitiyAM tathA unake parivartana-parivarddhana, utkarSa-apakarSa Adi kA bhI vistRta varNana upalabdha hotA hai| jaina-sAhitya ina sabhI dRSTiyoM se saMpanna hai| jaina-Agama sAhitya bahuta prAcIna hai| vaha sabhI varNanoM kA mUla utsa hai| usameM pratipAdita tathyoM kI samIkSA tathA samAlocanA prastuta karate hue uttaravartI AcAryoM ne una tathyoM kA vistAra kiyA hai aura apane samaya ke tathyoM kA unameM ullekha kara paramparA ke sAtatya ko akSuNNa rakhA hai| AgamoM kA vyAkhyAtmaka-sAhitya isakA pramANa hai| Aja bhI upalabdha cUrNiyoM meM jo tathya upalabdha hote haiM ve bhArata ke itihAsa kA vAstavika citra prastuta karate haiN| mahApaMDita rAhalasAMkRtyAyana ne 'bauddhakAlIna bhArata' grantha kA nirmANa kara bhArata ke bhaugolika, sAmAjika tathA rAjanaitika jIvana kA khAkA prastuta kiyA hai| yaha prayAsa stutya hai aura isase bhAratIya itihAsa ko samajhane-bUjhane kA avasara milA hai| itane varSoM taka jaina-grantha upekSita se rahe, parantu Aja unakI ora vidvAnoM kA dhyAna gayA hai aura yaha mAnA jAne lagA hai ki prAcIna jaina-sAhitya kI upekSA kara bhAratIya itihAsa ko sarvAMgapUrNa nahIM banAyA jA sktaa| aneka vidvAn isa ora kAryazIla haiM aura pratidina jaina-paramparA ke nae-nae tathya prastuta kie jA rahe haiN| AcAryazrI tulasI bhI isa dizA meM prayatnazIla haiN| unake nirdezana meM prastUyamAna Agama-kArya isI prayatna kA pUraka aMza hai / 'Agama-kAlIna sabhyatA aura saMskRti' tathA 'AgamakAlIna bhArata'-ina do viSayoM para bRhad grantha nirmANa kI jvalaMta AvazyakatA Aja mahasUsa ho rahI hai| saMbhava hai AcAryazrI kI udyamaparatA se ina granthoM kA nirmANa nikaTa bhaviSya meM ho jaae| prastuta nibandha bhI 'Agama kAlIna bhArata' ke eka aMza kI pUrtimAtra hai| isa nibandha meM uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM ullikhita grAma, nagara, deza Adi kI bhogaulika sthiti tathA vartamAna meM unakI saMbhAvita avasthiti para prakAza DAlane kA prayAsamAtra hai|

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uttarAdhyayanagata deza, nagara aura grAmoM kA paricaya 127 vartamAna meM aneka nagaroM ke varNana meM svataMtra grantha likhe jA cuke haiM, phira bhI unameM anveSaNIya kucha na kucha avazeSa raha hI jAtA hai| khoja ke isa ananta samudra meM samaya-samaya para nae tathya upalabdha hote rahe haiM aura yahI upalabdhi eSaNA ko sadyaska banAe rakhatI hai| vANArasI (banArasa) solaha mahAjanapadoM meM kAzI' kA ullekha huA hai| vANArasI kAzI kI rAjadhAnI thii| pANinI vyAkaraNa ke anusAra 'vara' aura 'anasa' zabda se 'vANArasI' kI utpatti batAI jAtI hai| brAhmaNa loga 'varuNa' aura 'asi' nAmaka jharanoM se isakI saMgati karate haiN| grIka logoM ko bhI banArasa kA kiJcit paricaya thaa| unakA prasiddha bhUgolavettA TolamI Ptolemy kAzI ko 'kassiDiyA' nAma se ullikhita karatA hai| usake anusAra pahale kAzI kI rAjadhAnI bhI isI nAma kI thii| jaba bicchu logoM ne prAcIna kAzI nagara kA vidhvaMsa kiyA, taba prAcIna nagara ke dhvaMsAvazeSoM se kiJcit haTakara vArANasI basAI gii| ise 'oranisa' (Aornis) athavA 'avaranasa' (Avernus) nAma se paricita karate haiN| mugaloM ne isakA nAma 'banArasa' rkhaa|3 banArasa gaMgA nadI ke taTa para basA huA eka samRddhazAlI nagara thaa| bauddha granthoM ke anusAra isakA vistAra 85 vargamIla meM thaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra tathA mahAtmA buddha yahAM aneka bAra Ae the| yaha vidyA kA bahuta bar3A kendra thaa| vaidika tIrthoM meM ise pUrva kA parama tIrtha mAnA hai| jaina-granthoM ke anusAra tIrthaMkara supArzva tathA tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kI janmabhUmi bhI vahI hai| pArzvanAtha kI janmabhUmi 'bhelupura' aura tIrthaMkara supArzva kI janmabhUmi 'bhadainI' ye donoM banArasa ke hI aMga the| jinaprabhasUri ke anusAra banArasa cAra bhAgoM meM baMTA huA thA1. deva vArANasI 2. rAjadhAnI vArANasI 3. madana vArANasI aura 4. vijaya vaaraannsii| banArasa bauddha-darzana kA pracAra kSetra bhI rahA thaa| usake AsapAsa ke dhvaMsAvazeSa isI bAta ke sAkSI haiN| yaha eka bahuta bar3A vyApArika kendra thaa| 1. uttarAdhyayana, 25 / 3 / 2. kAmatAprasAda jaina-bhagavAna pArzvanAtha (pUrvArddha) pR. 94 / 3. esiyATika risarceja bhAga 3, pR. 192 / 4. bhArata ke prAcIna jainatIrtha, pR. 36 /

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128 Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA jAtakoM meM banArasa ke sAtha bahuta se nagaroM aura dezoM ke vyApAra kA ullekha prApta hotA hai / kamboja, kAMpilya, kapilavastu, kozala, kauzAmbI, mithilA, mathurA, pAMcAla, sindha, ujjaina, videha Adi ke sAtha banArasa kA vyApArika saMbaMdha sUcita karatA hai| sudUra pradeza 'bebiloniyA' ke sAtha bhI usakA vyApAra hotA thA / isakA ullekha 'bAvesa' jAtaka meM milatA hai / usa samaya rAjA brahmadatta banArasa meM rAjya karatA thA / kucha vyApArI 'bAvesa' (bebIlona) deza meM vyApArArtha gae / ve apane sAtha eka 'kauA' bhI le gae the| usa deza meM koI bhI pakSI nahIM hotA thA / jaba logoM ne kaue ko dekhA to usa ur3ane vAle vicitra pakSI ko unhoMne sau mudrAoM meM kharIda liyaa| dUsarI bAra ve vyApArI apane sAtha 'mora' le ge| usa pakSI ko dekha bAvesavAsiyoM ko atyanta Azcarya huA / eka sahasra mudrAoM meM unhoMne use kharIda liyA / banArasa nagara bhArata ke viziSTa vyavasAyI nagaroM meM se eka thaa| bhArata ke bar3e-bar3e nagaroM se yaha sar3akoM dvArA jur3A huA thaa| yahAM aneka zreSThI rahate the| 'yaza' yahAM kA prasiddha zreSThI thA, jo ki Age calakara buddha kA chaThA ziSya bana gayA / bhArata meM campA aura banArasa acche bandaragAha mAne jAte the / banArasa se nadI ke rAste se loga dUra-dUra taka jAte the| yahAM se (nadI ke mArga se) vatsa yA vaMza pradeza tIsa yojana dUra thA / zrAvastI aura banArasa buddha ke pramukha ziSyoM ke atyanta priya sthAna the / buddha ke pAMca sAthI tapasviyoM ne banArasa se chaha mIla dUra RSipattana ko apanA nivAsasthAna cunA thA / banArasa ke nikaTa 'khemiyaMba vana' nAma kA eka vizAla Amravana thA / ' buddha ne bhikSuoM ko dIkSA dene kA kArya banArasa - RSipattana meM apane pAMca purAne brAhmaNa mitroM se Arambha kiyA thA, ataH banArasa bauddha-dIkSA kA Adi-sthala mAnA jAne lgaa| yahAM 'pAtimokkha sutta' ke katipaya niyamoM kA nirmANa huA, aisA mAnA jAtA hai / 'pAtimokkha' ke 227 niyamoM meM adhikAMzataH sAvatthI meM aura kucha banArasa, kosaMbI tathA kapilavatthu meM banAe gae the / 2 'mahAparinivvAna suttAnta' meM banArasa ke mahIna kapar3oM kI bahuta prazaMsA kI 1. uttarapradeza meM bauddhadharma kA vikAsa, pR. 3 / 2. vahI, pR. 172-173 /

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uttarAdhyayanagata deza, nagara aura grAmoM kA paricaya 129 hai / uttarApatha ke ghor3e ke vyApArI banArasa Akara apane ghor3e becate the / uttarAdhyayana ke caubIsaveM adhyayana meM banArasa ke do brAhmaNa bhAI jayaghoSa aura vijayaghoSa kA jIvanavRtta sandRbdha hai / eka bAra jayaghoSa gaMgA para snAna karane gyaa| vahAM usane dekhA ki eka sarpa meMDhaka ko nigala rahA hai aura eka mArjAra sarpa ko khAne ke lie tatpara hai / aisI avasthA meM bhI cIMcIM karate hue meMDhaka ko sarpa khA rahA hai aura tar3aphar3Ate hue sarpa ko mArjAra khA rahA hai| yaha dRzya jayaghoSa ke vairAgya kA nimitta banA / usane socA- 'aho ! saMsAra asAra hai / sabala nibala ko nigala rahA hai| saMsAra meM bhI prANI eka dUsare ko nigale jA rahe haiN| yahAM to dharma hI eka zaraNa hai|" mithilA yaha videha (tirahuta) deza kI rAjadhAnI thii| mithilA campA (bhAgalapura ke pAsa vartamAna meM nAthanagara) sATha yojana kI dUrI para thI / suruci jAtaka meM usake vistAra kA patA lagatA hai / eka bAra banArasa ke rAjA ne aisA nizcaya kiyA ki vaha apanI kanyA kA vivAha eka aise rAjaputra se karegA jo 'ekapatnivrata' ko aMgIkAra karegA / mithilA ke kumAra suruci ke sAtha vivAha kI bAta cala rahI thI / 'ekapatnivrata' kI bAta sunakara vahAM ke variSTha vyaktiyoM ne kahA- 'mithilA nagarI kA vistAra sAta yojana kA hai| rAjya kA sArA vistAra tIna sau yojana kA hai / hamArA rAjya bahuta bar3A hai| aise rAjya ke rAjA ke antaHpura meM solaha hajAra rAniyAM avazya honI cAhie / ' 3 bauddha-granthoM meM vajjiyoM ke ATha kuloM kA nAmollekha huA hai, unameM vaizAlI ke licchavI aura mithilA ke videha mukhya 1 - mithilA kA dUsarA nAma 'janakapurI' thaa| jinaprabhasUri ke samaya mithilA nagarI 'jagai' ke nAma se prasiddha thii| yahAM jaina zramaNoM kI eka zAkhA 'maithiliyA' kahA jAtA thA / ' bhagavAn mahAvIra ne yahAM chaha caturmAsa bitAe / 1. uttarA . TIkA. (nemIcandrIya) patra 305 / 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. uttarAdhyayana, 9 / 4 / bhAratIya saMskRti aura usakA itihAsa, pR. 272 / vividha tIrtha, pR. 32 / kalpasU, pR. 231 / kalpasUtra, pR. 123 /

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130 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA AThaveM gaNadhara akaMpita kI yaha janma-bhUmi thii| cauthe nihnava azvamitra ne vIra nirvANa ke 220 varSa pazcAt 'sAmucchedikavAda' kA pravartana yahIM se kiyA thaa| dazapUrvadhara Arya mahAgiri ne yahAM vihAra kiyA thaa| IsavI san ke pUrva 'mithilA' jaina dharma ke prasAra-pracAra kA pramukha kendra thaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne dasavAM caturmAsa zrAvastI meM bitaayaa| vahAM se vihAra kara mithilA hote hue vaizAlI pahuMce aura vahAM gyArahavAM caturmAsa kiyA thaa| kaI yaha bhI mAnate haiM ki bhagavAn ne gyArahavAM caturmAsa mithilA meM kiyA thaa| ThANaM sUtra (10 / 27) meM dasa rAjadhAniyoM kA nAmollekha huA hai, usameM mithilA bhI eka hai| jagadIzacandra jaina ne mithilA kA varNana karate hae likhA hai-'kisI samaya mithilA prAcIna sabhyatA tathA vidyA kA kendra thaa| IsavI san kI nauMvI sadI meM yahAM prasiddha vidvAn maMDana mizra nivAsa karate the|.....yh nagarI prasiddha naiyAyika vAcaspati mizra kI janmabhUmi thI tathA maithila kavi vidyApati yahAM ke rAjadarabAra meM rahate the| nepAla kI sImA para 'janakapura' ko prAcIna 'mathurA' mAnA jAtA hai| bauddha-granthoM ke anusAra videha kI rAjadhAnI vaizAlI thii| yaha madhyapradeza kA eka pradhAna nagara thaa| Avazyakaniyukti ke anusAra usa samaya mithilA meM rAjA 'janaka' rAjya karate the| sAvatthI-zrAvastI kaniMghama ne isakI pahacAna saheta-maheta se kI hai, jo ki goMDA aura baharAica jiloM kI sImA ke pAsa rAptI nadI ke taTa para sthita hai| yaha sthAna 1. Avazyakaniyukti gA. 644 / 2. AvazyakabhASya gA. 131 / Avazyakaniyukti, gA. 782 / campA, mathurA, vArANasI, zrAvastI, sAketa, hastinApura, kAMpilya, mithilA, kauzAmbI, raajgRh| bhArata ke prAcIna jainatIrtha, pR. 28 / gAthA 516-'mihilA jaNao y|'....... uttarAdhyayana, 23 / 3 / Political History of Ancient India, p. 100.

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uttarAdhyayanagata deza, nagara aura grAmoM kA paricaya 131 uttara-pUrvIya relave ke balarAmapura sTezana se pakkI sar3aka ke rAste dasa mIla dUra hai| baharAica se isakI dUrI 29 mIla hai|' jaba phAhiyAna aura haenasAMga isa sthAna para gae the taba taka yaha nagara dhvasta ho cukA thaa| kahA jAtA hai ki I. pU. pAMcavIM zatAbdI meM kozala kI rAjadhAnI sAketa kA mahattva kama ho gayA thA aura usake sthAna para zrAvastI ko rAjadhAnI hone kA saubhAgya milA thaa| vahAM rAjA prasenajit rAjya karatA thaa| zrAvastI mahAtmA buddha ke vihAra kI uttarIya sImA thii| yaha brAhmaNoM se aprabhAvita kSetra thA, ataH zramaNa-saMskRti ko yahAM panapane kA avasara milaa| zrAvastI se rAjagRha paiMtAlIsa yojana athavA 135 mIla kI dUrI para thaa| eka mArga zrAvastI se rAjagRha ko kiTAgiri aura Alavi hote hue jAtA thA, jisakI dUrI tIsa yojana athavA nabbe mIla kI thI aura banArasa se vaha dUrI bAraha yojana thii| eka mArga khetavA, kapilavastu, kusinArA, pAvA, moganagara aura vaizAlI hote hue rAjagRha ko jAtA thaa| zrAvastI aura sAketa ke bIca eka caur3I nadI, saMbhavataH ghAgharA bahatI thii| ina donoM nagaroM kI dUrI sAta yojana athavA ikkIsa mIla kI thii| kaI isako paiMtIsa mIla bhI mAnate haiN| donoM nagaroM ke bIca 'toraNavatthu' nAma kA grAma thaa|' zrAvastI se 'saMkisA tIsa yojana dUra thii| prAcIna bhArata meM sar3akoM ke kinAre bar3e-bar3e nagara sthApita the| unameM campA, rAjagRha, vaizAlI, ayodhyA, zrAvastI Adi mukhya the| ye vyavasAya ke bar3e kendra the| eka bar3I sar3aka zrAvastI se pratiSThAna taka jAtI thii| isa para 1. Political History of Ancient India, p. 169. 2. uttarapradeza meM bauddhadharma kA vikAsa, pR. 5 / 3. vinayapiTaka, bhAga 2, pR. 170-75 / 4. vATarsa sR. 2,61, phAhiyAna pR. 60-62 / 5. uttarapradeza meM bauddhadharma kA vikAsa, pR. 13 / 6. vinayapiTaka bhAga-1, pR. 253 / bhArata ke prAcInatIrtha, pR. 39 / / 8. uttarapradeza meM bauddhadharma kA vikAsa, pR. 7 / isakI pahacAna kamboja se 45 mIla para ataraMjI aura kannauja ke bIca saMkisA-basaMtapura se kI gii| 10. jAtaka 4, pR. 265 / m

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Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA sAketa, kauzAmbI, vidizA, gonarda, ujjainI tathA mAhiSmatI Adi bar3e nagara the| dUsarA bar3A mArga zrAvastI se rAjagRha taka jAtA thaa| vyApArI loga zrAvastI se tarAI meM hote hue vaizAlI ke uttara meM pahuMcate the| mahAtmA buddha ne aneka varSAvAsa yahAM bitAye the| Ananda ne buddha se apane parinirvANa ke lie campA, rAjagRha, zrAvastI, sAketa, kauzAmbI aura vArANasI-ina chaha nagaroM meM se kisI eka ko cunane kI prArthanA kI thii| cullavagga ke dasa paricchedoM meM se cAra kA saMgraha yahIM huA thaa| rAIsa DeviDsa ne bauddha-granthoM ke AdhAra para bhArata ke mukhya sthala-mArgoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| usameM sarvAdhika mahattva zrAvastI aura kauzAmbI nagara ko prApta thaa| jaise1. uttara se dakSiNa-pazcima ko yaha mArga zrAvastI se pratiSThAnapura (dakSiNa kA eka nagara) ko jAtA thaa| isa mArga meM pradhAnataH nimnokta par3Ava Ate the-pratiSThAnapura se calakara mAhiSmatI, ujjainI, gonarda, vidizA, kauzAmbI, sAketa hote hue zrAvastI pahuMcate the| 2. uttara se dakSiNa-pUrva ko ___ yaha mArga zrAvastI se rAjagRha ko jAtA thaa| yaha rAstA sIdhA nahIM thA, apitu zrAvastI se himAlaya ke samIpa-samIpa hotA huA vaizAlI ke uttara meM himAlaya kI upatyakA meM pahuMca vahAM se dakSiNa kI ora mur3atA thaa| isa rAste meM kapilavatthu, kuzinArA, pAvA, hatthigAma, bhaNDagAma, vaizAlI, pATalIputra aura nAlandA Adi nagara Ate the| yahAM saMbhavataH paiMtAlIsa yojana lambA rAstA thaa| 3. pUrva se pazcima yaha mArga gaMgA aura yamunA ke sAtha-sAtha calatA thaa| gaMgA nadI meM 'sahajAtI' nAmaka nagara taka tathA yamunA meM kauzAmbI taka jahAja AyA-jAyA 1. uttarapradeza meM bauddhadharma kA vikAsa, pR. 23 / 2. dIghanikAya 2, pR. 146,169 / 3. uttarapradeza meM bauddhadharma kA vikAsa, pR. 171 / 4. uttarapradeza meM bauddhadharma kA vikAsa, pR. 131 /

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uttarAdhyayanagata deza, nagara aura grAmoM kA paricaya 133 karate the| isa mArga para kauzAmbI kA atyanta mahattva thaa| jahAja se sArA mAla yahAM utArA jAtA thA aura phira use gAr3iyoM se lAdakara uttara yA dakSiNa meM pahuMcAyA jAtA thaa| phAhiyAna sAketa se zrAvastI gayA thaa| usa samaya yahAM bastI bahuta kama thii| viSNupurANa ke anusAra sUryavaMzI rAjA zravasta yA zrAvastaka ke dvArA isakI sthApanA huii| pAlI TIkAoM meM isa nagara kA vyutpattika artha karate hue likhA hai ki-'jahAM manuSya ke upabhoga-paribhoga ke lie saba kucha upalabdha hotA ho use 'sAvatthI' kahate haiN|' 'kyA vaha bhANDa hai?' aisA pUche jAne para 'savvaM atthI' saba kucha hai-aisA kahA jAtA thA, ataH isa nagara ko 'sAvatthI' kahA gyaa| zrAvastI kA hI bigar3A huA rUpa 'saheta' hai| uttarabhArata ke chaha pramukha nagaroM meM isakI gaNanA thii| yaha pramukha mArga para sthita hone ke kAraNa audyogika nagaroM meM pramukha thaa| AyAta-niryAta kA yaha pramukha kendra thaa| sudatta mahAseTUi (anAthapiMDika) ne zrAvastI nagarI ke dakSiNa, eka mIla dUra, rAjakumAra jeta ke udyAna ko bahuta bar3e mUlya meM lekara mahAtmA buddha ke nivAsa ke lie eka vihAra kA nirmANa kraayaa| use 'jetavana vihAra' kahA gyaa| mahAtmA buddha yahAM pacIsa varSa taka rhe| yahAM hajAroM bhikSu rahate the| adhikAMza jAtaka kathAeM mahAtmA buddha ne yahAM ke dIrgha nivAsa kAla meM kahI thii| zrAvastI se tIsa yojana para saMkassa (sAMkAzya) nagara thaa| isa nagara kI pahicAna 'saMkisA' se kI gaI hai, jo pharrukhAbAda jile meM eka choTA gAMva hai| yaha phatehagar3ha se teIsa mIla pazcima aura kannauja se paiMtAlIsa mIla uttara1. bhAratIya saMskRti, pR. 191,92 2. adhyAya 2, aMza 4 / papaMcasUdanI 1 pR 59-yaM kiM ca manussAnaM upabhoga-paribhogaM savvaM ettha atthiiti-saavtthii| sattha samAyoge ca 'kiM bhaNDaM atthIti' pucchite 'savvaM atthIti' vacanamupAdAya saavtthii| yahAM eka mahAzreSThI sudatta rahatA thaa| usI ke nAma para isakA nAma 'saheta' huA, __ aisI anuzruti hai| 5. chaha nagara-campA, rAjagRha, sAketa, kauzAmbI, zrAvastI tathA vaaraannsii|

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134 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA pazcima hai| dhammapaTakathA meM likhA hai ki macchikAsaMDa 'sAvatthI' se tIsa yojana (90 mIla) dUra thaa| sAvatthI se rAjagRha jAte hue tIsa yojana kI dUrI para 'Alavi' nagara thaa| kaniMghama ne isakI pahacAna unnAva jile ke 'bevala' sthAna se kI hai aura ena. ela. De ne iTAvA ke pAsa AbisA se| kuSANakAla (I. 15-230) meM bhI zrAvastI uttarabhArata kA pramukha nagara thaa| dhIre-dhIre isakI avanati prAraMbha huii| pAMcavIM zatI ke prAraMbha meM (50411) phAhiyAna jaba bhArata-bhramaNa ke lie AyA thA taba dekhA ki nagara kA dhvaMsa ho cukA thaa| vahAM kevala do sau parivAra rahate haiN| vihAroM ke sthAna para nae maMdira bana cuke haiN| usane 'jetavana vihAra' ko sAta maMjilI imArata kahA hai aura likhA hai ki akasmAt Aga laga jAne ke kAraNa vaha naSTa ho gyaa| sAtavIM sadI (629-45) meM huenasAMga jaba zrAvastI AyA taba usane isa nagara ko bilakula ujar3A huA paayaa| vahAM bauddha saMghArAmoM kI saMkhyA kaI sau thI, para ve sabhI nirjana the| devamandiroM kI saMkhyA sau ke AsapAsa thii| usane bhagnAvazeSoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| __ bArahavIM zatAbdI taka yahAM bauddha bhikSu rahate the| unheM kannauja zAsana kA saMrakSaNa prApta thaa| . I. 1863 meM janarala kaniMghama ne saheta-maheta ke kucha bhAga kI khudAI kara kucha tathya pragaTa kie| pazcAt 1876 meM punaH utkhanana kArya prAraMbha huaa| DaoN. haoNya ne 1875-76 meM maheta kI khudAI kA kArya kiyaa| unheM yahAM jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI pratimAeM miliiN| punaH 1884-85 meM utkhanana huaa| usake phalasvarUpa unheM cauMtIsa prAcIna imAratoM ke dhvaMsAvazeSa prApta hue| bhArata sarakAra ke purAtattvavibhAga dvArA punaH 1907-8 tathA 1910-11 meM khudAI huii| 1. uttarapradeza meM bauddhadharma kA vikAsa, pR.8 / 2. vahI, pR. 8 / 3. uttarapradeza meM bauddhadharma kA vikAsa, pR. 272 / vahI, pR. 272 / 5. DablyU haoNya, 'seta-maheta',-Journal of the royal asiatic society of bangal -jilda 61, bhAga 1 (1892), pR. 1-69 / Archiological Survey of India, Annual report 1907-08 p. 81 tathA Age...

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uttarAdhyayanagata deza, nagara aura grAmoM kA paricaya 135 zrAvastI rAptI (acirAvatI) nadI ke kinAre sthita thii| AvazyakacUrNi (pR. 601) ke anusAra vaha nagarI nadI ke bhayaMkara bAr3ha se baha gaI thii| bAr3ha Ane ke kAraNoM para prakAza DAlate hue likhA hai-'kuNAlA meM kuruNTa aura utkuruNTa nAma ke do AcArya nAliyoM ke muhAnoM para rahate the| eka bAra nAgarikoM ne unheM sthAna-cyuta kara diyaa| krodhAveza meM zrApa dete hue AcArya kuruNTa ne kahA-'he deva! kuNAlA para brso|' AcArya utkuruNTa ne kahA- pandraha dina tk|' kuruNTa ne punaH kahA-'rAta aura dina / ' donoM AcArya nagara chor3akara cale ge| zrApa ke phalasvarUpa pandraha dina taka ghanaghora varSA huii| kuNAla janapada baha gyaa| zrAvastI nagarI kA tahasa-nahasa ho gyaa| kahA jAtA hai ki zrAvastI ke mahAseTThi sudatta ke aThAraha karor3a rupaye acirAvatI nadI ke kinAre gar3e hue the| bAr3ha ke kAraNa sArA khajAnA baha gyaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne dasavAM varSAvAsa yahAM bitAyA thaa| utpATita tila ke paudhe ko punaH ugA huA dekhakara gozAlA niyativAdI ho gyaa| vaha bhagavAn se alaga ho zrAvastI meM eka kumhAra kI zAlA meM ThaharA aura bhagavAn mahAvIra dvArA nirdiSTa vidhi se tejolezyA kI prApti ke lie sAdhanA karane lgaa| chaha mahIne kI sAdhanA se use tejolabdhi kI prApti ho gii| usake pratyaya ke lie usane eka ghaTa-dAsI para usakA prayoga kiyaa| vaha tatkAla jala kara bhasma ho gii| use apanI labdhi kI prAmANikatA para vizvAsa ho gyaa| gozAlA ke cale jAne para bhagavAn akele hI vaizAlI phuNce| vahAM se vANijyagrAma jAte hue nAvA se gaNDakI nadI pAra kii| vANijyagrAma meM Ananda nAmaka zramaNopAsaka, jo bele-bele kI tapasyA karatA thA, ko avadhijJAna prApta huaa| usane bhagavAn ke darzana kie| vahAM se prasthAna kara bhagavAn zrAvastI pahuMce aura vahAM dasavAM varSAvAsa bitaayaa| vahAM vicitra prakAra kI tapasyA kii| caturmAsa pUrNa hone para bhagavAn 'sAnulaTThigrAma' meM gae aura vahAM bhadrapratimA, mahAbhadrapratimA aura sarvatobhadrapratimA kA anuSThAna kiyaa| eka bAra bhagavAn mahAvIra pRSThacampA meM kucha samaya taka AvAsa kara (kaI 1. Sravasti in Ancient literature p. 31, by vimalcharan law. 2. Barliagama Buddhist legends, vol. 2, p. 268. 3. Ava. vR. malayagiri patra 287 / 4. Ava. niyukti gAthA 495 vRttipatra 287-88 /

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136 Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA mAnate haiM ki vahAM varSAvAsa bitAkara ) zrAvastI aae| gAMva ke bAhara eka udyAna meM Thahare aura vahAM pratimA meM sthita ho ge| gozAlaka bhagavAn ke pAsa AyA aura pUchA- Aja mujhe kyA AhAra milegA ? bhagavAn ke mukha se ye zabda sunAI die - ' tujhe Aja bhikSA meM manuSya kA mAMsa milegA / ' usane kahA- 'Aja mujhe jahAM bhikSA lenI hai, vahAM mAMsa kA avakAza hI nahIM hai, manuSya ke mAMsa kI to bAta hI dUra rahI / " zrAvastI ke pAsa haribhadraka nAma kA gAMva thA, jahAM eka ati vizAla haridraka vRkSa thA / zrAvastI meM Ane-jAne vAle loga yahAM vizrAma ke lie Thaharate the| bar3e-bar3e sArtha yahAM rAtrIvAsa karate the / usa kAla meM zrAvastI meM aneka loga bhagavAn ko nahIM mAnate the / ve 'skanda-pratimA' kI pUjA-arcA karate the / eka bAra bhagavAn 'AlabhikA' nagarI se 'zrAvastI' Aye / bahirbhAga ke eka udyAna meM Thahare aura 'pratimA' meM sthita ho ge| logoM ne unakI bhakti nahIM kI / devendra ne yaha dekha skanda - pratimA meM praveza kara bhagavAn ko vandanA kii| pazcAt logoM ne bhI bhagavAn kI stuti kii| hastinApura * rAjA ceti ke putroM ne hastipura basAyA thA / hastipura hI Age calakara hastinApura ho gayA / isakA dUsarA nAma 'nAgapura' thA / ' vasudeva hiNDI meM ise 'brahmasthala' kahA hai| vartamAna meM yaha sthAna meraTha jile meM 'mavAne' ke pAsa isI nAma se prasiddha hai| jaina sUtroM ke anusAra yaha 'kuru' janapada kI rAjadhAnI mAnI jAtI thii| jAtaka ke anusAra 'kuru' kI rAjadhAnI yamunA ke kinAre basA huA kurumA indraprastha (dillI) thI / eka bAra gaMgA meM bAr3ha A jAne ke kAraNa hastinApura naSTa ho gayA thA / taba rAjA parIkSita ke uttarAdhikAriyoM ne kauzAmbI ko apanI rAjadhAnI banAyA / pAlI - sAhitya meM isakA nAma 'hatthipura' yA 'hatthinIpura' AtA hai| Avazyaka, malayagiri vRtti patra 279-80 / 1. 2. vahI, patra 293 / 3. 4. 5. 6. Ava. mala. vR. patra 293 / uttarAdhyayana 13 / 1 / bhArata ke prAcIna jainatIrtha, pR. 46 / buddhakAlIna bhArata kA bhaugolika paricaya, pR. 6, 7 /

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uttarAdhyayana aura parISaha 137 ThANaM sUtra meM dasa rAjadhAniyoM ke nAma ginAye haiN| unameM hastinApura bhI eka hai|' videha' ___isakI pahacAna vartamAna ke 'tirahuta' pradeza se kI jAtI hai| isake pUrva meM kozI nadI, pazcima meM gaNDaka, uttara meM himAlaya aura dakSiNa meM gaMgA nadI bahatI thii| yaha vaizAlI ke uttara meM thaa| isakI rAjadhAnI 'mithilA' thii| bauddha-granthoM ke anusAra vaizAlI videha kI rAjadhAnI thii| vaizAlI licchaviyoM kA kendra thaa| rAjA ceTaka vaizAlI kA thaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra kI mAtA trizalA rAjA ceTaka kI bahina thii| isIlie bhagavAn mahAvIra ko sthAna-sthAna para 'vaizAlIya' kahA gayA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne yahAM bAraha caturmAsa kie the| yaha madhyapradeza kA pradhAna nagara thaa| isakA dUsarA nAma 'vANiyagAma' thaa| 31. uttarAdhyayana aura parISaha uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke dUsare adhyayana meM muni ke parISahoM kA nirUpaNa hai| karmapravAda pUrva ke 17veM prAbhRta meM parISahoM kA vaya aura udAharaNa sahita nirUpaNa hai| vahI yahAM uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| yaha niyuktikAra kA abhimata hai|' dazavaikAlika sUtra ke sabhI adhyayana jisa prakAra pUrvo se uddhRta haiM usI prakAra uttarAdhyayana kA yaha adhyayana pUrva se uddhRta hai| __ jo sahA jAtA hai usakA nAma hai 'priissh'| sahane ke do prayojana haiM mArgAcyavana aura nirjraa| svIkRta mArga se cyuta na hone ke lie kucha sahA jAtA hai aura kucha sahA jAtA hai nirjarA ke lie| 1. campA, mathurA, vArANasI, zrAvastI, sAketa, hastinApura, kAMpilya, mithilA, kauzAmbI aura raajgRh| (10 / 27) / 2. uttarAdhyayana, 1875 / 3. dekheN-mithilaa| 4. uttarAdhyayananiyukti gAthA 70 / kammappavAyapuvve sattarase pAhuDammi jaM suttaM / saNayaM saudAharaNa taM ceva ihaM pi NAtavvaM / / 5. mArgAcyavananirjarArthaM pariSoDhavyAH parISahAH-tattvArthasUtra 9 / 8 /

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Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA bhagavAn mahAvIra kI dharma-prarUpaNA ke do mukhya aMga haiM-ahiMsA aura kaSTa sahiSNutA / ' kaSTa sahane kA artha zarIra, indriya aura mana ko pIr3ita karanA nahIM hai, kintu ahiMsA Adi dharmoM kI ArAdhanA ko susthira banAe rakhanA hai / AcArya kundakunda ne kahA hai 138 suheNa bhAviyaM nANaM, duhe jAde tamhA jahAvalaM joI, appA dukkhehiM viNassahi / bhAvae / / 2 'sukha se bhAvita jJAna duHkha utpanna hone para naSTa ho jAtA hai, isalie yogI ko yathAzakti apane Apako duHkha se bhAvita karanA caahiye|' isakA artha kAyA ko kleza denA nahIM hai / yadyapi eka sImita artha meM kAyA - kleza bhI taparUpa meM svIkRta hai, phira bhI parISaha aura kAya kleza eka nahIM hai / kAyakleza Asana karane, grISma Rtu meM AtApanA lene, varSA Rtu meM tarumUla meM nivAsa karane, zIta Rtu meM apAvRtta sthAna meM sone aura nAnA prakAra kI pratimAoM ko svIkAra karane, na khujalAne, zarIra kI vibhUSA na karane ke artha meM svIkRta hai| parISaha aura kAyakleza ukta prakAroM meM se koI kaSTa jo svayaM icchAnusAra jhelA jAtA hai vaha 'kAyakleza' hai aura jo icchA ke binA prApta hotA hai vaha 'parISaha' hai / ' kAyakleza ke abhyAsa se zArIrika duHkha sahane kI kSamatA, zArIrika duHkhoM ke prati anAkAMkSA aura kvacid jinazAsana kI prabhAvanA bhI hotI hai | " parISaha sahane se svIkRta ahiMsA Adi dharmoM kI surakSA hotI hai / parISaha bAIsa haiM 1. kSudhA 2 pipAsA 3. zIta 4. uSNa 5. daMza-mazaka 6. acela 7. arati 8. strI 9. caryA 10. niSadhA 11. zayyA 12. Akroza 13. vadha 1. aNu dhammo muNiNA paveio - sUtrakRtAMga 1 / 5 / 2. SaT prAbhRta- mokSaprAbhRta 62 / 3. uttarAdhyayana 30 / 27, aupapAtika sUtra 30 / 4. tattvArthasUtra 9 / 19, zrutasAgarIya vRtti, patra 301 / 'yadRcchayA samAgataH parISahaH, svayameva kRtaH kAyaklezaH ' / 5. vahI patra 301 / 6. uttarAdhyayana, 2, tattvArthasUtra 9 / 9 /

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uttarAdhyayana aura parISaha 139 14. yAcanA 15. alAbha 16. roga 17. tRNa-sparza 18. mala 19. satkArapuraskAra 20. prajJA 21. ajJAna 22. darzana / ___ inameM darzana-parISaha aura prajJA-parISaha ye do mArga se acyavana meM sahAyaka hote haiM aura zeSa bIsa parISaha nirjarA ke lie hote haiN|' parISahoM kA svarUpa aura unakI vijaya ke upAya 1. kSudhA-parISaha ___ muni bhUkha ko sahana kare, kintu use miTAne ke lie pacana-pAcana Adi na kre| muni niravadya AhAra kI eSaNA karatA hai| AhAra ke na milane para yA thor3A milane para bhI vaha akAla aura ayogya deza meM AhAra-grahaNa nahIM karatA, chaha AvazyakoM kI thor3I bhI hAni nahIM karatA, sadA jJAna-dhyAna aura bhAvanA meM lIna rahatA hai, aneka bAra anazana, avamaudarya Adi karane se tathA nIrasa bhojana ke sevana se jisakA zarIra sUkha gayA hai, kSudhA kI vedanA hone para bhI jo usakI cintA nahIM karatA aura jo bhikSA ke alAbha ko bhI apane lie mAna letA hai vaha kSudhAparISaha para vijaya pA letA hai| 2. pipAsA-parISaha muni pyAsa ko sahana kare kintu use zAnta karane ke lie sacitta jala kA sevana na kre| jo muni snAna kA sarvathA tyAga karatA hai, jo atikSAra, atisnigdha, atirUkSa aura atyantaviruddha bhojana ke dvArA tathA garmI, Atapa, dAhajvara aura upavAsa Adi ke dvArA tIvra pyAsa lagane para sacitta jala pIkara usakA pratikAra nahIM karatA, kintu use samabhAva se sahatA hai, vaha pipAsAparISaha para vijaya pA letA hai| 3. zIta-parISaha muni zIta ko sahana kare, kintu usake nivAraNa ke lie agni kA sevana na kre| 1. tatra mArgAcyavanArthaM darzanaparISahaH prajJA parISahazca, zeSA viMzatinirjarArtham pravacanasAroddhAra, vRttipatra 192 /

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Agama sampAdana kI yAtrA jo muni vastroM kA tyAgI hai, jo aniyatavAso hai, jo vRkSa-mUla, parvata aura catuSpatha meM vAsa karatA hai, jo vAyu aura hima kI ThaMDa ko samabhAva se sahatA hai', jo na svayaM agni jalAtA hai aura na dUsaroM dvArA jalAI gaI agni kA sevana karatA hai, jo jIrNa-vastra ho jAne para bhI zIta se bacane ke lie akalpanIya vastroM ko grahaNa nahIM karatA, vaha zItaparISaha para vijaya pA letA hai / 140 4. uSNa- -parISaha muni garmI ko sahana kare, kintu usake nivAraNa ke lie jalAvagAhana, snAna, paMkhe se havA lene tathA chatra dhAraNa karane kI icchA na kare / 1 jo muni vAyu aura jala - rahita pradeza meM patroM se rahita sUkhe vRkSa ke nIce yA parvatoM kI guphAoM meM grISma Rtu meM dhyAna karatA hai, asAdhya pittotpatti ke kAraNa jisake antardAha utpanna ho jAtA hai, dAvAnala ke dAha jaisI garma vAyu se jisakA kaMTha sUkha jAtA hai, phira bhI jo usake pratikAra ke lie (sacitta) AmrapAnaka Adi kA smaraNa nahIM karatA, garmI se atyanta tapta hone para bhI jalAvagAha, snAna, vyajana Adi kI icchA nahIM karatA aura jo Atapa se bacane ke liye chatra Adi bhI dhAraNa nahIM karatA, kintu garmI ko samabhAva se sahatA hai, vaha uSNaparISaha para vijaya pA letA hai / 5. daMzamazaka - parISaha muni daMza-mazaka Adi ke dvArA kATe jAne para vedanA ko sahana kare, kintu usake nivAraNa ke lie daMza-mazakoM ko saMtrasta na kare, mana meM bhI unake prati dveSa na lAe, unakI upekSA kare para hanana na kare / , daMza - mazaka, kIr3e makor3e, matkuNa, bicchU Adi ke kATane para bhI jo sthAna ko nahIM chor3atA, daMza-mazaka ko haTAne ke lie dhueM yA paMkhe kA prayoga nahIM karatA, unheM bAdhA nahIM pahuMcAtA, vaha daMza - mazaka - parISaha para vijaya pA letA hai / 6. acela - parISaha muni acelaparISaha ko sahana kare / 'vastra phaTa gae haiM, isalie maiM acela 1. tattvArthasUtra - zrutasAgarIya vRttipR. 298 / 2. pravacanasAroddhAra, vRttipatra 193 /

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uttarAdhyayana aura parISaha 141 ho jAUMgA athavA vastra milane para phira maiM sacela ho jAUMgA' - aisA na soce, dIna aura harSa donoM prakAra kA bhAva na laae| zvetAmbara graMthoM meM 'acela " parISaha kA ullekha hai aura digambara graMthoM meM 'nAgnya' parISaha kA / 2 acela ke do artha haiM--nAgnya aura phaTe hue tathA alpa mUlya vAle vstr| jinakalpika muni nagna rahate haiM aura sthavirakalpika muni phaTe hue yA alpa mUlya vAle vastra dhAraNa karate haiN| muni alpa mUlya vAle, khaMDita tathA maile vastra dhAraNa kare / apane manonukUla vastra na milane para dIna na bane, 'kabhI vaise mila jAeMge' aisA vicAra kara harSita bhI na ho / 1 7. arati - parISaha muni saMyama ke prati utpanna adhairya ko sahana kare / vihAra karate hue yA eka sthAna meM rahate hue arati utpanna ho jAe to samyag dharma kI ArAdhanA se usakA nivAraNa kare / arati kA artha hai - saMyama meM adhRti / jo muni indriya-viSayoM ke prati udAsIna rahatA hai, jo zUnyagRha, devamandira, vRkSa- koTara, kandarA Adi meM rahatA hai, jo svAdhyAya, dhyAna aura bhAvanA meM rati karatA hai, jo sabhI prANiyoM ke prati kAruNika hotA hai jo dRSTazruta yA anubhUta bhogoM kA smaraNa nahIM karatA, jo bhoga kathAoM kA zravaNa nahIM karatA, vaha aratiparISaha para vijaya pA letA hai / 8. strI - parISaha muni strIsaMbaMdhI parISaha ko sahana kare / striyoM ke prati Asakta na ho, brahmacArI ke liye striyAM saMga haiM, lepa haiM- aisA mAna unase saMyama jIvana kA ghAta na hone de| striyAM akhaMDa brahmacarya meM bAdhaka haiM - aisA mAne / jo muni striyoM ke bhrUvilAsa, netravikAra aura zrRMgAra Adi ko dekhakara mana meM vikAra utpanna hone nahIM detA, jo apane mana ko vikSipta karane vAlI striyoM kI ceSTAoM kA cintana nahIM karatA, jo kAmabuddhi se unheM nahIM dekhatA, 1. pravacanasAroddhAra, gAthA 685 / 2. tattvArthasUtra 9 / 9 / 3. pravacanasAroddhAra, vRttipatra 193 /

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142 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA jo sadA kacchapa kI bhAMti indriyoM aura mana kA saMyamana karatA hai, vaha strIparISaha para vijaya pA letA hai| 9. caryA-parISaha muni caryA se utpanna kaSTa ko sahana kre| muni mamatva na kare, gRhasthoM se nirlipta rahe, aniketa rahatA huA parivrajana kre| jo muni cirakAla taka gurukula meM rahatA hai, bandha-mokSa Adi kA marma jAnatA hai, jo saMyama ke lie yatijana kI vinaya-bhakti ke liye tathA guru kI AjJA se dezAntara jAtA hai, jo vAyu kI taraha nissaMga hotA hai, jo kAyakleza ko sahatA hai, jo deza-kAla ke anusAra saMyama ke prati aviruddha gamana karatA hai, jo kaNTaka Adi kI bAdhAoM ko bAdhA nahIM mAnatA, jo gRhasthAvasthA meM prayukta vAhana Adi kA cintana nahIM karatA, jo apratibaddha vihArI hotA hai, jo grAma, nagara, kula Adi ke mamatva meM nahIM baMdhatA, vaha caryAparISaha para vijaya pA letA hai| 10. niSadhA'-parISaha ____ muni niSadhA se utpanna kaSTa ko sahana kare, rAga-dveSa rahita ho, aziSTaceSTAoM kA varjana karatA huA baiThe, kisI ko trAsa na de| jo muni zmazAna, vana, parvatoM kI guphAoM meM nivAsa karatA hai, jo siMhahAthI Adi ke zabdoM ko sunakara bhayabhIta nahIM hotA, jo niyatakAla ke lie vIrAsana, kukkuTAsana Adi Asana (niSadhA) ko grahaNa karatA hai, parantu deva, tiryaMca, manuSya aura acetana padArthoM se utpanna upasargoM se vicalita nahIM hotA-apakAra kI zaMkA se Darakara sthAna ko nahIM chor3atA aura jo maMtra Adi ke dvArA kisI bhI prakAra kA pratikAra nahIM karatA, vaha niSadhAparISaha para vijaya pA letA hai| 11. zayyA-parISaha muni zayyA se utpanna parISaha ko sahana kare, kintu utkRSTa yA nikRSTa upAzraya ko pAkara maryAdA kA atikramaNa na kare-harSa yA zoka na laae| eka 1. pravacanasAroddhAra, gAthA 685 meM 'naSedhikI' parISaha mAnA hai aura TIkAkAra ne (patra 193 meM) vikalpa meM niSadhA-parISaha ko mAnakara donoM kI vyAkhyA kI hai|

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uttarAdhyayana aura parISaha 143 rAta meM kyA honA jAnA hai - yaha sAca kara jo bhI sukha-duHkha ho use sahana kare / jo muni UMcI, nIcI, kaThora, kaMkara, bAlU Adi se yukta bhUmi para eka karavaTa se lakar3I-patthara kI taraha nizcala sotA hai, bhUta-preta Adi ke dvArA aneka upasarga kiye jAne para bhI jo zarIra ko caMcala nahIM karatA, siMha Adi se AkrAnta sthAna ko bhaya se chor3akara nahIM jAtA, jo sama-viSama AMgana vAle dhUla se bhare hue atyanta ThaMDe tathA atyanta garma upAzraya ko tathA mRdu-kaThina yA UMcA - nIcA saMstAraka pAkara udvigna nahIM hotA, vaha zayyAparISaha para vijaya pA letA hai / 12. Akroza - parISaha muni Akroza ko sahana kare / jo gAlI de usake prati krodha na kare / paruSa, dAruNa aura pratikUla vacana sunakara bhI mauna rahe, usakI upekSA kare, mana meM na lAe / jo muni duSTa tathA ajJAnIjanoM dvArA kahe gaye kaThora tathA nindA ke vacanoM ko sunakara krodhita nahIM hotA / jo pratikAra karane kA sAmarthya rakhane para bhI pratikAra nahIM karatA, jo yaha socatA hai ki jo yaha vyakti kaha rahA hai vaha yadi satya hai to yaha merA upakArI hai, aura yadi usakA kathana asatya hai to mere krodha karane se kyA lAbha? vaha AkrozaparISaha para vijaya pA letA hai / 13. vadha - parISaha muni tAr3anA ko sahana kare / 'AtmA zarIra se bhinna hai, AtmA kA nAza nahIM hotA' - aisA vicAra kare / jo muni zastrAstroM se Ahata hone para bhI dveSa nahIM karatA, parantu zarIra aura AtmA ke pArthakya kA cintana karatA hai, jo tAr3anA tarjanA ko apane karmoM kA vipAka mAnatA hai, jo yaha socatA hai AkruSTo'haM hato naiva, hato vA na dvidhAkRtaH / mArito na hRto dharmo, madIyo'nena bandhunA // isa vyakti ne mujhe gAlI dI hai, pITA to nahIM, isane mujhe pITA hai, mArA to nahIM, isane mujhe mArA hai para merA dharma to nahIM chInA, aisA cintana karatA huA, vaha vadhaparISaha para vijaya pA letA hai /

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Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA 144 14. yAcanA - parISaha muni yAcanA se utpanna lajjA Adi ke kaSToM ko sahana kare / muni ko pratyeka vastu yAcita hI milatI hai| apanI zAlInatA ke kAraNa use yAcanA karane meM lajjA kA anubhava hotA hai, parantu kArya upasthita hone para apane dharma - zarIra kI rakSA ke lie avazya yAcanA kare / tapasyA ke dvArA zarIra sUkha jAne para, asthipaMjara mAtra zarIra zeSa rahane para bhI jo muni dIna vacana, mukha- vaivarNya Adi -Adi saMjJAoM dvArA bhojana Adi padArthoM kI yAcanA nahIM karatA, vaha yAcanAparISaha para vijaya pA letA hai / 15. alAbha - parISaha muni alAbha ko sahana kare / abhilaSita vastu kI prApti na hone para dIna na bane / jo muni aneka dinoM taka AhAra kI prApti hone para bhI mana meM khinna nahIM hotA, jo lAbha se alAbha acchA hai-tapa kA hetu hai, aisA mAnatA hai, jo na milane para dIna nahIM hotA, jo aisA socatA hai ki gRhastha ke ghara meM aneka padArtha hote haiM, vaha unheM de yA na de - yaha usakI apanI icchA hai, vaha alAbhaparISaha para vijaya pA letA hai| 16. roga - parISaha muni roga kI vedanA ko samabhAva se sahana kare / dIna na bane / vyAdhi se vicalita hotI huI prajJA ko sthira banAe aura prApta duHkha ko prasannatA se she| jo muni zarIra ko azuci pradhAna, atrANa aura anitya mAnatA hai, jo zarIra kA parikarma nahIM karatA, jo zarIra ko saMyama pAlana kA sAdhana mAnakara usakI rakSA ke lie anAsakta bhAva se bhojana karatA hai, jo kabhI apathya AhAra ke sevana se roga hone para bhI adhIra nahIM hotA, jo roga kA upazamana karane vAlI labdhiyoM se sampanna hone para bhI, kAma- - nispRha hone ke kAraNa, unakA prayoga nahIM karatA, jo cikitsA ko AvazyakatA hone para zAstrokta - vidhi se vartana karatA hai, vaha rogaparISaha para vijaya pA letA hai / mUla sUtroM meM kahA hai- 'cikitsA kA abhinandana na kre|" pravacanasAroddhAra kI vRtti meM likhA hai ki cikitsA kI AvazyakatA hone para zAstroktavidhi 1. uttarAdhyayana 2 / 33 /

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145 uttarAdhyayana aura parISaha se vartana kre| kintu yaha zAstrokta vidhi kyA hai? isakA koI spaSTa ullekha nahIM hai| 17. tRNa-sparza-parISaha muni tRNa Adi ke sparza se utpanna vedanA ko sahana kre| usakI cubhana aura garmI se pIr3ita ho vastra kA sevana na kre| 'muni caryA, zayyA aura niSadhA meM prANI-hiMsA kA varjana karatA huA sadA apramatta rahe aura tRNa, kAMTe Adi se utpanna vedanA ko samabhAva se she| 'gacchanirgata yA gacchavAsI muni una tRNoM ko kucha gIlI bhUmi para bichA kara saMstAraka aura uttarapaTTaka ko usa para rakha kara sote haiM athavA jina muniyoM ke vastra coroM ne apaharaNa kara liye hoM ve muni atyanta jIrNa yA choTe se vastra ko usa bichI huI ghAsa para bichA kara sote haiM taba darbha ke atyanta tIkSNa agrabhAga se unake zarIra meM pIr3A utpanna hotI hai| jo usa vedanA se adhIra nahIM hotA, vaha tRNasparza-parISaha para vijaya pA letA hai| ___ yaha vastra bichAne kI vidhi bhI uttarakAlIna ho sakatI hai| mUla meM yaha Azaya prApta nahIM hai| 18. mala-parISaha muni mala, raja yA grISma ke paritApa se zarIra ke klinna ho jAne para sukha ke lie vilApa na kre| muni jIvanaparyanta asnAna vratadhArI hotA hai| zarIra meM pasInA Ane para aura usa para dhUla jama jAne para bhI nahIM khujalAtA, jo aisA vicAra nahIM karatA ki merA zarIra malasahita hai aura isako malarahita (maila se utpanna durgandha ko dUra) karane ke lie snAna kI abhilASA nahIM karatA, vaha malaparISaha para vijaya pA letA hai| 19. satkAra-puraskAra parISaha muni satkAra-puraskAra kI icchA na kre| dUsare ko sammAnita hote dekha anutApa na kre| 1. vRttipatra 199 / 2. tattvArthasUtra-zrutasAgarIya vRttipRSTha 294 / 3. pravacanasAroddhAra, vRttipatra 194 / 4. pravacanasAroddhAra, gAthA 686 meM 'satkAra' parISaha hai|

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146 Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA satkAra kA artha hai-prazaMsA karanA aura puraskAra kA artha hai kisI kArya meM kisI ko pradhAna banAnA, parAmarza ke yogya banAnA / anya vyaktiyoM dvArA satkAra - puraskAra na kiye jAne para jo muni aisA vicAra nahIM karatA ki 'maiM ciratapasvI hUM, maiMne aneka bAra prativAdiyoM ko zAstrArtha meM parAjita kiyA hai, phira bhI koI muni merI bhakti nahIM karatA, Asana Adi nahIM detA, vandanA nahIM krtaa'| ve mithyAdRSTi acche haiM, jo apane pakSa ke alpazAstrajJa tapasvI ko yA gRhastha ko bhI sarvajJa kI saMbhAvanA se sammAnita karate haiM, pUjA karate haiM, parantu ye mere tattvajJa sAdhu apane pravacana kI prabhAvanA ke liye bhI mujha jaise tapasvI kA satkAra nahIM krte| jo tapasvI hotA hai, usakI devatA bhI pUjA karate haiM - yaha bAta mithyA hai| yadi yaha bAta mithyA nahIM hai to mere jaise tapasviyoM kI deva pUjA-arcA kyoM nahIM karate? jo isa prakAra durdhyAna nahIM karatA, vaha satkArapuraskAra - parISaha para vijaya pA letA hai / 20. prajJA - parISaha muni prajJA - parISaha ko sahana kare / manojJa- prajJA hone para bhI garva na kare / buddhi kA atizaya na hone para bhI dIna na bane, use karma kA vipAka mAna kara sahe / prajJA kA artha hai - buddhi kA atizaya / jo muni tarka, vyAkaraNa, sAhitya, chanda Adi vidyAoM meM nipuNa hone para bhI jJAna kA mada nahIM karatA, jo yaha garva nahIM karatA ki pravAdI mere sAmane se usI prakAra se bhAga jAte haiM jisa prakAra siMha ke zabda ko suna kara hAthI / 'maiM kucha nahIM jAnatA, maiM mUrkha hUM, maiM sabase parAjita hUM'-isa prakAra ke vicAroM se jo saMtapta nahIM hotA, vaha prajJAparISaha para vijaya pA letA hai I 21. ajJAna - parISaha muni ajJAna se utpanna kaSTa ko samabhAva se she| maiM tapasyA, upadhyAna Adi vizada-caryA se viharaNa karatA hUM, phira bhI merA chadma (jJAnAvaraNIya karma ) nivartita nahIM hotA, aisA cintana na kare / 'maiM maithuna se nivRtta huA, maiMne indriya aura mana kA saMvaraNa kiyA', 'yaha saba nirarthaka hai'; kyoMki 'dharma kalyANakArI hai' - 'yaha maiM sAkSAt nahIM jAnatA' - muni aisA na soce /

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uttarAdhyayana aura parISaha 147 jo muni sakala zAstroM meM maiM zUnya hUM-aisA soca kheda nahIM karatA, vaha ajJAnaparISaha para vijaya pA letA hai| 22. darzana-parISaha muni darzana ke pariSaha ko samabhAva se sahe / apanI dRSTi ko samyak banAe rkhe| muni aisA na soce ki 'paraloka nahIM hai, tapasvI kI Rddhi bhI nahIM hai| maiM ThagA gayA huuN| jina hue the, jina haiM, athavA jina hoMge-aisA jo kahate haiM ve jhUTha bolate haiN|' kriyAvAdiyoM ke vicitra mata ko suna kara bhI jo samyagdarzana se vicalita nahIM hotA, jo AtmA-paraloka Adi kI vicAraNA meM mUr3ha nahIM hotA, vaha darzanaparISaha para vijaya pA letA hai| tattvArtha sUtra (9 / 9) meM 'acela' ke sthAna para 'nAgnya' parISaha kA ullekha hai| samavAyAMga (samavAya 22) meM antima tIna parISahoM kA krama uttarAdhyayana se bhinna haiuttarAdhyayana samavAyAMga 1. prajJA 1. jJAna 2. ajJAna 2. darzana 3. darzana 3. prajJA abhayadevasUri ne samavAyAMga kI vRtti meM ajJAna-parISaha kA kvacit zruti ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai| tattvArtha sUtra (9 / 9) meM darzana parISaha ke sthAna para adarzana-parISaha mAnA gayA hai aura pravacanasAroddhAra (gAthA 686) meM smyktv-priissh| darzana aura samyaktva yaha kevala zabda-bheda hai| acela aura nAnya meM thor3A artha-bheda bhI hai| acela kA artha hai 1. ngntaa| 2. phaTe hue yA alpa mUlyavAle vastra / tattvArtha sUtra sAgarIyavRtti meM prajJA-parISaha aura adarzana parISaha kI 1. jJAnasAmAnyena matyAdi, kvacida'jJAnamiti shruuyte| 2. celasya abhAvo acelam-pravacanasAroddhAra, vRttipatra 193 /

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148 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA vyAkhyA mUla uttarAdhyayana ke padya aura darzana-parISaha se bhinna hai| uttarAdhyayana meM jo ajJAna-parISaha kI vyAkhyA hai vaha zrutasAgarIyavRtti meM adarzana kI vyAkhyA hai| ina bAIsa parISahoM ke svarUpa ke adhyayana se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki kaI parISaha sAmAnya vyaktiyoM ke lie nahIM the| ve jinakalpapratimA ko svIkAra karane vAle vizeSa sahiSNu aura dhRtiyukta muniyoM ke lie the| zAntyAcArya ne bhI isa ora saMketa kiyA hai| unake anusAra acela (jahAM hama isakA artha nagnatA karate haiM) parISaha jinakalpI muniyoM ke lie tathA aise sthavirakalpI muniyoM ke lie grAhya hai jinheM vastra milanA atyanta durlabha hai, jinake pAsa vastroM kA abhAva hai, jinake vastra jIrNa ho gae haiM arthAt jo varSAdi ke binA vastra dhAraNa nahIM kara sakate aura tRNasparza-parISaha kevala jinakalpI muniyoM ke lie grAhya hai| pravacanasAroddhAra kI TIkA meM sarvathA nagna rahanA tathA cikitsA na karAnA, kevala jinakalpI muniyoM ke lie hI batalAyA hai|' vyAkhyAkAroM ne sabhI parISahoM ke sAtha kathAeM jor3akara unheM subodha banAyA hai| kathAoM kA saMketa niyukti meM bhI prApta hai| parISaha utpatti ke kAraNa jJAnAvaraNIya karma-1. prajJA, 2. ajJAna / antarAya karma-1. alaabh| cAritra mohanIya karma-1. arati, 2. acela 3. strI 4. niSadhA 5. yAcanA 6. Akroza 7. stkaar-purskaar| darzana mohanIya krm-drshn| vedanIya karma-kSudhA, pipAsA, zIta, uSNa, daMza-mazaka, caryA, zayyA, vadha, roga, tRNasparza, jalla / 1. uttarAdhyayana 2 / 42, zrutasAgarIya vRttipatra 295 / 2. vRhadvRttipatra 92,93 / 3. vahI patra 122 / 4. patra 193,94 / 5. uttarAdhyayananiyukti, gAthA 74-79 /

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AgamoM meM vinaya 149 ye sabhI parISaha nauveM guNasthAna taka ho sakate haiN| dazaveM guNa sthAna meM cAritra mohanIya karma ke udaya se hone vAle arati Adi sAta parISaha tathA darzana-mohanIya se utpanna darzana ko chor3akara zeSa caudaha parISaha hote haiN| chadmastha vItarAga arthAt 11veM 12veM guNasthAnavartI muni meM bhI ye hI caudaha parISaha ho sakate haiN| kevalI meM kevala vedanIya-karma ke udaya se hone vAle gyAraha parISaha pAe jAte haiN| ___ eka sAtha eka prANI meM utkRSTataH bIsa parISaha (zIta-uSNa meM se koI eka tathA caryA-niSadhA meM se koI eka) ho sakate haiM aura jaghanyataH koI eka parISaha ho sakatA hai| tattvArtha sUtra meM eka sAtha unnIsa parISaha mAne haiN| jaise zIta aura uSNa meM se koI eka hotA hai| zayyA parISaha ke hone para niSadhA-caryA parISaha nahIM hote tathA caryA-parISaha hone para zayyA aura niSadhA parISaha nahIM hote| __bauddha bhikSu kAyA-kleza ko mahattva nahIM dete, kintu parISaha sahana kI sthiti ko ve bhI asvIkAra nahIM krte| svayaM mahAtmA buddha ne likhA hai - 'muni zIta, uSNa, kSudhA, pipAsA, vAta, Atapa, daMza aura sarIsRpa kA sAmanA kara khaga viSANa kI taraha akelA viharaNa kre|' 32. AgamoM meM vinaya uttarAdhyayana ke prathama adhyayana kA nAma 'vinaya-zruta' hai| isakA artha hai-vinaya kA jJApaka zruta / isameM vinaya kA vyApaka nirUpaNa huA hai| phira bhI vinaya kI do dhArAeM anuzAsana aura namratA adhika prasphuTita haiN| Agama-granthoM meM 'vinaya' zabda aneka arthoM meM prayukta huA hai| sudarzana ne thAvaccAputra anagAra se pUchA-'bhagavan! Apake dharma kA mUla kyA hai?' 1. uttarAdhyayananiyukti, gAthA 80 / 2. vahI, gAthA 83 / 3. 9 / 10 zrutasAgarIya vRttipRSTha 299 / 4. suttanipAta-uraMgavagA 3 / 18 sItaM ca uNhaM ca khudaM pipAsaM vAtAvape DaMsaM siriMsape c| savvAni metAni abhisaMbhavittA egocare khagga visANa kppo|

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150 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA __thAvaccAputra ne kahA-'sudarzana! hamAre dharma kA mUla 'vinaya' hai / vaha vinaya do prakAra kA hai-AgAra-vinaya aura anAgAra viny| pAMca aNuvrata, sAta zikSAvrata aura gyAraha pratimAeM-yaha AgAra-vinaya hai| pAMca mahAvrata, aThAraha pApa-virati, rAtribhojana-virati, dasavidha pratyAkhyAna aura bAraha bhikSu pratimAeM yaha anAgAra-vinaya hai|' ___ dazavaikAlika sUtra meM vinaya zabda vacana-niyamana, AcAra aura namratAanuzAsana-ina tIna arthoM meM prayukta huA hai| "vinaya' jinazAsana kA mUla hai| yahAM vinaya kA artha AcAra hai| kaI isa prasaMga meM bhI vinaya kA artha 'namratA' karate haiN| parantu yaha upayukta nhiiN| kyoMki nirgrantha-pravacana 'vinayavAdI' nahIM hai, vaha kriyAvAdI hai| jaina zAsana meM Abhyantara-tapa ke chaha prakAroM meM vinaya dUsarA prakAra hai| aupapAtika sUtra meM usake bheda-prabhedoM kI lambI zrRMkhalA hai| unakA vizada vivecana hameM TIkA-granthoM meM upalabdha hotA hai| vinaya ke mUla bheda sAta haiM 1. jJAna-vinaya 2. darzana-vinaya 3. cAritra-vinaya 4. mana-vinaya 5. vacana-vinaya 6. kAya-vinaya 7. lokopacAra-vinaya / 1. jJAna-vinaya isakA artha hai-jJAna sIkhanA, jJAna kA pratyAvartana karanA, jJAna ko AcaraNa meM utAranA, jJAna tathA jJAnI ke prati bahumAna karanA Adi / jJAna-vinaya pAMca prakAra kA hai1. Abhinibodhika jJAna-vinaya / 2. shrutjnyaan-viny| 3. avdhi-jnyaan-viny| 4. mnHpryv-jnyaan-viny| 5. kevalajJAna-vinaya 2. darzana vinaya vItarAga ke dvArA samasta bhAvoM meM yathArtharUpa se zraddhA karanA darzanavinaya hai| isake pradhAnataH do bheda haiM

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AgamoM meM vinaya 151 1. zuzrUSaNA-vinaya-upAsanA / 2. anAzAtanA-vinaya-pratikUla-vyavahAra nahIM krnaa| zuzrUSA-vinaya dasa prakAra kA hai1. abhyutthAna / 2. AsanAbhigraha-bar3oM kA Asana lekara sAtha baiTha jaanaa| 3. Asana pradAna-atithi ko Asana denaa| 4. stkaar| 5. smmaan| 6. kRtikarma-abhivAdana karanA, vandana karanA / 7. aMjalipragraha-hAtha jor3a namaskAra krnaa| 8. atithi ke Ane para sAmane jAkara satkAra krnaa| 9. baiThe hue kI upAsanA krnaa| 10. jAte hue ke sAtha jaanaa| anAzAtanA-vinaya yaha anAzAtanA-bhakti-bahumAnaM aura varNasaMjvalanatA ke bheda se paiMtAlIsa prakAra kI hai (1543=45) / anAzAtanA ke pandraha bheda arihanta deva kI anAzAtanA, arihanta deva dvArA prajJapta dharma kI anAzAtanA, AcArya, upAdhyAya, sthavira, kula, gaNa, saMgha, kriyA (Astikya) saMbhoga, sadhArmika kI anAzAtanA tathA Abhinibodhika jJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, manaHparyava-jJAna tathA kevalajJAna kI anaashaatnaa| isI prakAra bhakti-bahumAna tathA varNa va saMjvalanatA (yathArtha guNavarNaka) ke bhI pandraha-pandraha bheda hote haiN| 3. cAritra-vinaya isakA artha hai jisa kriyA ke dvArA karma-caya kA nAza kiyA jAtA hai, use cAritra-vinaya kahate haiN| yaha pAMca prakAra kA hai

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152 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA 1. sAmAyika-cAritra-vinaya / 2. chedopasthApanIya-cAritra-vinaya / 3. parihAra-vizuddha cAritra-vinaya / 4. sUkSmasaMparAya-cAritra vinaya / 5. yathAkhyAta-cAritra-vinaya / 4. mana-vinaya yaha do prakAra kA hai 1. aprazasta mana-vinaya-jo mana sAvadha, sakriya, karkaza, kaTuka, niSThura, paruSa, pramAda Adi AzravoM kA sevana karane vAlA, cheda-bheda karane vAlA paritApa, udravaNa aura prANiyoM kA hanana karane vAlA hai, vaha aprazasta mana hai| jaba mana inameM vyApta rahatA hai, taba vaha aprazasta mana-vinaya hai| 2. prazasta mana-vinaya-uparokta kriyAoM se virata mana kA pravartana prazasta mana-vinaya kahalAtA hai| 5. vacana-vinaya mana-vinaya kI bhAMti isake bhI do bheda haiM-prazasta-vacana vinaya aura aprshst-vcn-viny| avAntara bheda bhI isI kI taraha haiN| 6. kAya-vinaya yaha do prakAra kA hai-prazasta kAya-vinaya aura aprazasta kAya-vinaya / aprazasta kAya-vinaya yaha sAta prakAra kA hai1. anAyukta-gamana asaMyamI vyakti kA athavA ayatanA pUrvaka gamana / 2. anAyukta sthAna / 3. anaayukt-nissiidn| 4. anaayukt-shyn| 5. anaayukt-ullNghn| 6. anaayukt-prlNghn| 7. anAyukta-sarvendriya kAya-yoga-yuktatA-samasta indriyoM kA asaMyamita vyaapaar|

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AgamoM meM vinaya 153 prazasta kAya-vinaya-yaha bhI sAta prakAra kA hai| uparokta gamana Adi sAta kriyAoM meM jaba vyakti Ayukta hotA hai, athavA saMyamI vyakti kA gamana, taba use prazasta-kAya-vinaya kahA jAtA hai| 7. lokopacAra-vinaya yaha sAta prakAra kA hai1. abhyAsavartitA-ArAdhya ke samIpa baiThanA / 2. para chandAnuvartitA-ArAdhya ke abhiprAyAnusAra vartana krnaa| 3. kAryahetuka-jJAnAdi ke nimitta bhakta-pAna Adi kA dAna denaa| 4. kRtapratikRti-vinaya ke prayoga meM prasAdita guru mujhe zruta sikhAeMge-aisA socakara bhaktapAna ke dAna kA prayatna krnaa| 5. ArtagaveSaNA-duHkhiyoM kI vArtA kA anveSaNa krnaa| 6. dezakAlajJatA-avasarocita kArya karanA / 7. sarvArthoM meM apratilomatA-ArAdhya ke samasta prayojanoM meM anukUla rhnaa| uparyukta bheda-prabheda aupapAtika sUtra ke anusAra haiN| zAntyAcArya ne vinaya ke pAMca bheda kiye haiM 1. lokopacAra-vinaya abhyutthAna, AsanadAna, atithi-pUjA aadiaadi| 2. arthahetuka-vinaya abhyAsavartitA, chandAnuvartanA, dezakAla dAna, abhyutthAna aadi| 3. kaamhetuk-viny| 4. bhy-viny| 5. mokss-viny| yaha pAMca prakAra kA hai1. drshn-viny| 2. jnyaan-viny| 3. caaritr-viny| 4. tp-viny|

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154 Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA 5. aupacArika - vinaya / bhagavatI (25 / 7 / 803) meM bhI vinaya ke bheda - prabhedoM kA ullekha kucheka parivartana ke sAtha huA hai 1 33. AgamoM meM vigayaviveka jisa prakAra manojJa - zabda, manojJa-rUpa, manojJa - rasa, manojJa-sparza Adi mana meM vikAra utpanna karate haiM usI prakAra kaI prakAra ke bhojana bhI mAnasika vikRti ke nimitta banate haiM / yaha sahI hai ki vyakti kA vyAmoha hI usake vikRti banane kA upAdAna hai, kintu nimitta kAraNoM se vikRti meM ubhAra AtA hai yA suSupta vikRta - bhAvanAeM yogya avasara para udita ho jAtI haiM, yaha bhI satya hai / bAhya nimittoM meM bhojana bhI eka nimitta hai, jisase ki vyakti meM uttejanA AtI hai / isalie sAdhanA meM rata vyakti ke lie bhojana kA viveka utanA hI Avazyaka hai jitanA ki prANavAyu ke grahaNa kA / jisameM yaha viveka nahIM hotA vaha paga-paga para kaSTa pAtA hai aura pathacyuta saMbhAvanAoM se pratipala ghirA rahatA hai| jaina AgamoM meM sthAna-sthAna para isa viveka kA vizada ullekha hai aura vaha sAdhaka ke lie prakAza stambha hai / sAmAnya AhAra lie binA zarIra TikatA nahIM, isalie sAdhaka AhAra grahaNa karatA hai / sAtha-sAtha zArIrika saMsthAna ko tapasyA Adi ke yogya banAne ke lie tathA dhyAna Adi meM ghaMToM taka avicalita raha sake aisI zakti arjita karane ke lie vaha kucha pauSTika AhAra bhI letA hai| pauSTika AhAra lene kA niSedha nahIM hai, kintu use kaba aura kaise liyA jAe, isakA viveka avazya honA cAhie / granthoM meM yaha milatA hai ki AcArya apane ziSyoM ke AhAra kA saMtulana rakhe / na unheM atimAtrA meM yA pratidina vigaya, ghI-dUdha Adi hI de aura na pratidina rUkhAsUkhA hI de / kyoMki pratidina vigaya Adi dene se sAdhaka ke mana meM uttejanA bar3hatI hai aura vaha sAdhanA se phisala jAtA hai, pratidina rUkhA-sUkhA dene se buddhi tIkSNa nahIM banatI, roga Adi bhI utpanna hote haiM / mUtra kI bAdhA bArabAra hone se dhyAna, svAdhyAya Adi meM vighna upasthita hote haiM / ataH donoM prakAra ke bhojana kA saMtulana Avazyaka ho jAtA hai /

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155 AgamoM meM vigayaviveka vigaya-pratibaddha sAdhaka ke viziSTa jJAna - darzana utpanna nahIM hote / viziSTa labdhiyoM se vaha vaMcita rahatA hai / ataH vigaya kA jJAna aura unake upayoga kA viveka usakI saphalatA kA pahalA sopAna hai| ThANaM sUtra meM vikRtiyoM ko tIna bhAgoM meM bAMTA hai--- 1. gorasa vikRtiyAM / 2. snigdha vikRtiyAM / 3. mahA vikRtiyAM / dUdha, dahI, ghI aura makkhana gorasa - vikRtiyAM haiN| tela, ghRta, vasA aura navanIta snigdha-vikRtiyAM haiM aura madhu, mAMsa, madya aura navanIta mahA - vikRtiyAM haiN| vikRtiyoM kI saMkhyA bhI sadA eka sI nahIM rahI hai / cullakappasUtra ( kalpasUtra kI samAcArI) meM nau vikRtiyoM kA ullekha hai, usameM mAMsa antima hai / isa zabda kA artha prANyaMgavAcI na kara pakvAnna kiyA gayA hai| ThANaM (9/ 23) meM bhI nau vikRtiyoM kA ullekha huA hai| Avazyaka niryukti tathA haribhadrasUri kRta paMcavastuka grantha meM vikRtiyoM kI saMkhyA dasa batAI gaI hai - dUdha, dahI, navanIta, tela, ghRta, gur3a, madya, madhu, mAMsa aura tale hue padArtha / usa samaya yaha bhI mAnyatA thI ki sabhI prakAra ke dUdha, dahI Adi vigaya nahIM haiM, kintu amuka-amuka hI vigaya kI koTi meM Ate haiM / gAya, bhaiMsa, UMTanI, bakarI aura bher3a kA dUdha vigaya meM hai, dUsare dUdha vigaya meM nahIM gine jaate| isI prakAra UMTanI ko chor3akara bAkI ke cAra pazuoM ke dahI ko vigaya mAnA hai / uSTrI ( UMTanI ke dUdha kA dahI nahIM jamatA / tila, alasI, kusuma, sarasoM se nikAle hue tela vigaya meM haiN| nAlikera, eraMDa, ziMzapa Adi ke tela vigaya meM nahIM haiM / gur3a ke do bheda haiM- drava gur3a aura piNDa gur3a / ye donoM vikRti haiM / madya do prakAra kA hai - kASThaniSpanna aura piSTaniSpanna / kASTha - niSpanna madya jaise IkSu, tAr3a Adi se niSpanna tathA piSTaniSpanna jaise cAvala kodrava Adi se niSpannadonoM vikRti haiM / anya prakAra ke madya vikRti nahIM haiN| tInoM prakAra ke madhu makSikAkRta, kuttikAkRta aura bhramarakRta vigaya haiM, dUsare nahIM / tInoM prakAra ke mAMsa (jalacara, sthalacara, khecara prANiyoM) vigaya haiM,

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156 athavA carma, vasA aura zoNita- ye tInoM bhI vigaya meM haiM / avagAhima vigaya kI vidhi yaha hai - jisa tela yA ghRta meM eka padArtha talA jAtA hai, phira usI tela yA ghRta meM dUsare padArtha tale jAte haiM, phira usI tela meM anya dUsare padArtha tale jAte haiM taba taka vaha vigaya hai / jaba usI tela yA ghRta meM cauthI bAra padArtha tale jAte haiM taba unheM nirvigaya meM mAnA gayA hai| Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA isI prakAra khIra ko bhI vigaya aura nirvigaya donoM mAnA hai / jisa khIra meM cAvaloM ke Upara cAra aMgula dUdha car3hA rahatA hai taba taka vaha nirvigaya hai aura yadi una para pAMca aMgula yA aura adhika dUdha car3hA hotA hai to vaha vigaya meM hai / isI prakAra dahI meM jamAe- pakAe gae padArthoM ke lie bhI hai / drava gur3a meM pakAI gaI vastu para yadi eka aMgula gur3a car3hA huA hai to vaha vigaya meM nahIM hai, anyathA vigaya meM hai / isI prakAra tela aura ghRta ke padArthoM ko bhI jAnanA cAhie / madhu yA mAMsa ke rasa se saMsRSTa padArtha vigaya tabhI haiM jabaki una para Adhe aMgula se jyAdA rasa car3hA huA ho anyathA ve nirvigaya haiM / yaha prAcIna paramparA TIkAkAroM ke samaya taka pracalita rahI hai aura Aja bhI jaina paramparA meM inake Asa-pAsa kI mAnyatAeM milatI haiM / bhinna-bhinna sampradAyoM meM isake bhinna-bhinna svarUpa haiM aura ve sAre svarUpa apanI-apanI rUr3ha paramparAoM ke AdhAra para nirdhArita kie gae haiM / 1 vikRti aura vikRtigata meM antara mAnA gayA hai / vikRtiyAM dasa haiM, kintu vikRtigata tIsa haiN| jinake vigaya kA pratyAkhyAna hotA thA ve vikRtigata kA upayoga karate the / vikRtigata kA artha hai - mUla vikRti nahIM, kintu vikRti ke Azrita / dUdha ke pAMca vikRtigata haiM - 1. dUdha kI kAMjI, 2 mAvA, valI, malAI, 3. drAkSAoM se mizrita dUdha, jo ubAlA gayA ho, 4. jisa dUdha meM cAvaloM kA ATA sijAyA gayA ho 5. khIra / dahI ke pAMca vikRtiyAM haiM 1. ghola bar3A / 2. vastra se chAnA huA dahI / 3. zikharaNI /

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AgamoM meM vigayaviveka 157 4. karambaka-dahI sahita caavl| 5. maTThA yA raaytaa| ghRta ke pAMca vikRtigata haiM1. auSadhiyoM se pakA huA ghRta / 2. ghRta ke Upara kA mail| 3. ghRta meM pakAI gaI auSadhiyoM para AyA huA ghRta / 4. jalA huA ghRt| 5. dahI kI malAI para AyA huA ghRta / tela ke pAMca vikRtigata haiM1. tela ke Upara kA tel| 2. tilkutti| 3. jalA huA tel| 4. tela meM pakAI gaI auSadhiyoM ke Upara se nikalA huA tela / 5. lAkSAdi dravyoM se pakA huA tela / gur3a ke pAMca vikRtigata haiM1. AdhA ubalA huA IkSu rs| 2. gur3a kA paanii| 3. shrkraa| 4. khaaNdd| 5. caasnii| avagAhima vigaya ke pAMca vikRtigata haiM 1. eka pUr3e se pUrI kar3AI bhara jAe, usa para dUsarA pUr3A DAlA jAe, vaha vikRtigata hai, vikRti nhiiN| 2. tIna ghANa ke bAda cauthe ghANa meM talA huA padArtha / 3. gudd'dhaanii|

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158 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA 4. ghI se lipta kar3AhI meM jala DAlakara pakAI huI laapsii| 5. ghRta se lipta kar3AhI meM pakAI huI puudd'ii| ye vikRtigata padArtha kA pratyAkhyAna rakhane vAle bhI khAte the tathA jo yogavAda na karate the, unake lie bhI yaha niSiddha nahIM thaa| yaha prAcIna paramparA kI bAta hai, Aja kI paramparA meM kAphI matabheda hai| prAyaH ina saba vikRtigata padArthoM ko mUla vigaya mAnA jAtA hai| vikRti ke viSaya meM yaha saMkSipta vivaraNa pravacanasAroddhAra aura Avazyaka-cUrNi graMtha ke AdhAra para hai| paramparAoM meM parivartana AtA hai aura samaya-samaya para unakI naI maryAdAeM paribhASA meM banatI rahatI haiN| jaina AgamoM meM sthAna-sthAna para vigaya-carcA hai aura sAdhaka ko usameM viveka rakhane kA spaSTa saMketa hai| kevala bhojana hI yA kevala mana hI durbalatAoM yA vikRtiyoM kA sAdhana banatA ho, yaha ekAntataH satya nahIM hai| donoM vikRti ke kAraNa banate haiM-'jaisA khAve anna, vaisA hove mana' aura 'mana eva manuSyANAM kAraNaM bandhamokSayoH' ye donoM laukika vAkya apanI-apanI apekSAoM meM hI satya haiN| kintu yaha bhI utanA hI satya hai ki bhojana kA viveka na rakhanA aura mana ko satsaMkalpoM se pUrita nahIM karanA-donoM phisalane ke hetu haiN| ataH sAdhaka ko vizeSa viveka kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| 34. sUtrakRtAMga ke AdhAra para sabhyatA aura saMskRti deza-nagara Adi ___ isa sUtra meM magadha, lATa Adi dezoM tathA suvarNabhUmi (patra 198), banArasa (patra 226), rAjagRha, nAlandA (27 sUtra 68), ratnapura (patra 169), pATaliputra (patra 111) Adi nagaroM kA ullekha milatA hai| ina sabakA vistRta varNana vahAM upalabdha nahIM hai, kintu vikIrNa-sthaloM meM unake viSaya meM kucha sAmagrI avazya mila jAtI hai| TIkAkAra aura niyuktikAra ne rAjagRha aura nAlandA kA kucha varNana kiyA hai

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sUtrakRtAMga ke AdhAra para sabhyatA aura saMskRti 159 'usa samaya rAjagRha nagara eka samRddhizAlI nagara thaa| vaha dhana, kanaka se paripUrNa thaa| use 'sarvakAmaprada' bhI kahA jAtA thaa| vahAM aneka dhanADhya vyakti rahate the| vahAM aneka prAsAda the| vaha nagara atyanta ramaNIya aura darzanIya thaa| vaha svarga kA pratibimba mAnA jAtA thaa| magadha deza kA vaha tilaka thaa| usakA dUsarA nAma 'paMcazailapura' thaa| vaha vaibhAra Adi pAMca parvatoM se suzobhita thaa| rAjagRha nagara ke uttara-pUrva meM 'nAlandA' nagara basA huA thaa| vaha rAjagRha kA upanagara (bahirikA) kahalAtA thaa| vahAM saikar3oM bhavana the| vaha bhI atyanta samRddhizAlI nagara thaa| usakI vizeSatA vahAM para rahane vAle 'lepa' nAmaka gRhapati ke aizvarya se spaSTa hotI hai| gRhapati lepa vahAM kA pramukha nAgarika thaa| usake aneka makAna the| usake pAsa yAna, vAhana, dhana-dhAnya kI pracuratA thii| aneka nagaroM meM usakA vyavasAya calatA thaa| sAmudrika-vyApAra meM vaha pramukha thaa| usake apane 'yAnapAtra' the| vaha dUra-dUra taka sAmudrika yAtrAeM karatA thaa| usake aneka dAsa-dAsI the| sthAna-sthAna para usakI dAnazAlAeM calatI thiiN| aise dhanADhya vyakti nAlandA meM aneka the| rAjagRha vyApArika kendra thA aura vaha bhArata ke prAyaH bar3e-bar3e zaharoM se, vibhinna sar3akoM dvArA jur3A huA thaa| usa samaya sArI vasatiyAM grAma, nagara, kheTa, karvaTa Adi aneka bhAgoM meM vibhakta thii| ina sabakI alaga-alaga paribhASAeM aura vyavasthAeM thiiN| 1. grAma-jisake cAroM ora kAMToM kI bAr3a athavA miTTI kA parakoTa ho, vh|' 2. nagara-jo rAjadhAnI hotI thI use athavA jahAM kisI bhI prakAra kA 'kara' nahIM lagatA thA use nagara kahA jAtA thaa|' 3. kheTa-aisA grAma jisake cAroM ora nagara ho athavA dhUlI kA parakoTA 1. magahamaMDalatilaa raajgihnyr-jydhvlaa| 2. 27 sUtra 69-vR. patra 160,61 / 3. 25 sUtra 21, sthAnAMga 2|4|suu. 520 / 4. grasati guNAn gamyo vA'STAdazAnAM karANAmiti grAmaH, uttarA. 30, bR. vRttipatra, 605 / 5. (ka) nAtra karo'stIti nakaram, uttarA. vRttipatra, 605 (kha) devatAyatanaizcitraiH prAsAdApaNavezmabhiH / nagaraM darzayed vidvAn, rAjamArgazca zobhanaiH / / somanandI-arthazAstra /

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160 ho / ' Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA 4. karvaTa - parvata se ghirA huA grAma / 5. maDaMba - jisakI cAroM dizAoM meM DhAI gAU (koza) taka koI bhI grAma na ho / 2 6. droNamukha- samudra ke kinAre basA huA grAma jisameM jala aura sthala- donoM se Ane-jAne kA mArga ho / 7. ghoSa - AbhIroM kI vasati / 8. pattana - jisameM ratnoM kI khAne hoM athavA jisameM jala yA sthala- kisI eka mArga se mAla DhoyA jAe / 9. Azrama - tIrthasthAna, tApasoM kA nivAsasthAna / 10. sanniveza - chAvanI / 11. nigama - vyApAriyoM kA grAma / 12. rAjadhAnI - rAjA kA nivAsa-sthAna / usa samaya bhArata aneka ikAiyoM meM baMTA huA thaa| choTe-choTe rAjya the| sabakI apanI-apanI sImAeM thiiN| ve Apasa meM bahuta lar3ate-jhagar3ate the| sabako sadA sAvaceta rahanA par3atA thA / pratyeka rAjA apanI-apanI surakSA ke lie sthAna kI surakSA para vizeSa dhyAna dete the / nagaroM tathA gAMvoM ke cAroM ora parakoTe hote the| jahAM pahAr3oM kI naisargika suvidhA hotI vahAM pahAr3a ke cAroM ora eka khAI khodI jAtI aura use durlaMghya banA diyA jAtA thA / ve khAiyAM pAnI se bhara dI jAtI thI jisase ki zatru usako sahajatayA pAra na kara skeN| parvatoM meM sthAna-sthAna para gupta sthAna banAye jAte the jinheM dhava Adi saghana vRkSoM se Dhaka diyA jAtA thA / aise sthAnoM kA patA lagAnA duzmanoM ke lie 1. (ka) dhUliprAkAraparikSiptam - kheTaH, uttarAdhyayana, vRttipatra 605 (kha) lokaprakAza sarga 31, zloka 290 tatravRtyAvRto grAmo, 1 nagaraM rAjadhAnI syAt,. "I 2,3. arddhatRtIyakozAntargrAmazUnyaM maDaMbakam / jalasthalapathopetamiha droNamukhaM bhavet / / (loka pra. sarga 31, zlo. 2 / 10) / 4. ratnayonizca pattanam / / (lokaprakAza sarga 31, zloka 9 / 10) /

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sUtrakRtAMga ke AdhAra para sabhyatA aura saMskRti atyanta kaThina hotA thA / nagara ke cAroM ora cAra bar3e-bar3e dvAra hote the aura ve prAyaH sAyaMkAla ke samaya banda ho jAte the / usake bAda nagara meM kisI kA bhI praveza yA nirgamana binA rAjAjJA ke nahIM ho sakatA thA / 161 pATaliputra nagara meM kAmazAstra kI par3hAI karAI jAtI thI / 3 sindhu, tAmralipti aura koMkaNa Adi dezoM meM daMza - mazaka bahuta hote the| vahAM sAdhuoM kA AvAgamana yadA-kadA hotA thA, aisA pratIta hotA hai| TIkAkAra ke anusAra usa samaya magadhadeza kI gaNikAeM prasiddha thIM aura ve aneka prakAra ke kapaTa karane meM dakSa samajhI jAtI thIM / ve hAva-bhAva, kaTAkSa Adi kI vidyAoM meM nipuNa aura dUsaroM ko AkRSTa karane meM anupama thIM / unheM logoM ko mohita karane ke lie dUra-dUra se bulAyA jAtA thA / magadha deza meM saMskRta AbAlagopAla kI bhASA thI / lADha deza mlecchoM kA deza thaa| vahAM cora, hiMsrapazu tathA anArya logoM kA pUrNa bhaya rahatA thaa| vahAM dhAnya rakhane ke lie eka vizeSa AkAra kA sthAna banAyA jAtA thA jise 'pallaka' kahate the / vaha UrdhvAyata aura Upara se saMkSipta hotA thA / ' 1. valayaM gahaNaM NUmaM - 1 / 3 / 3 / 1 vR. patra 89 - yatrodakaM valayAkAreNa vyavasthitaM, udarahitA vA gartA duHkhanirgamapravezaH. ...... tathA gahanaM-dhavAdivRkSaiH, kaTisthAnIyaM NUmaM pracchannaM giriguhAdikam / 2. yAvat savitA'stamupagataH tadanantarameva sthigitAni ca nagaradvArANi - 2 / 7 vR. 169 / 3. vaizikaM kAmazAstramadhyetuM pATaliputraM prasthitaH - 1 / 4 / 1 vR. patra 111 / 4. kvacit sindhutAmraliptakoGkaNAdike deze adhikA daMzamazakA bhavanti - 1 / 3 / 1 vR. pa. 83 / 5. mAgadhagaNikAdyA nAnAvidhakapaTazatakaraNadakSA vividhvivvokvtyo....1|4 / 1 vR. patra 105 / 6. magadhadeze sarveNApyAgopAlAGganAdinA saMskRtameva uccAryate - 2 / 2 vR. patra 48 / 7. 1 / 3 / 1 patra 79 / 8. pallako nAma lATadeze dhAnyAdhAravizeSaH, sa ca UrdhvAyata upari ca kiJcit saMkSiptaH - (Avazyaka - malayagiri vRttipatra 68 ) /

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162 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA golla deza meM brAhmaNa kA hanana garhita-karma mAnA jAtA thaa|' mArga vibhinna sthAnoM meM vibhinna prakAra ke mArga the| yaha mAnava kA svabhAva hai ki jahAM aura jisa vAyumaMDala meM vaha rahatA hai usI ke anusAra vaha apanI sukhasuvidhAeM juTA letA hai| niyuktikAra ne phalakamArga, latAmArga, AndolanamArga, vetramArga, rajjumArga, davanamArga, bilamArga, pAzamArga, kIlakamArga, ajamArga, pakSimArga, chatramArga, jalamArga aura AkAzamArga-ina caudaha mArgoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| 1. phalakamArga-jahAM kIcar3a Adi adhika ho jAtA thA athavA gar3he adhika hote the, taba use pAra karane ke lie lakar3I ke phalaka bichAe jAte the| loga ina phalakoM se AvAgamana karate the| 2. latAmArga-vizeSataH yaha mArga jaMgaloM meM hotA thA jahAM pathika saghana latAoM ko pakar3akara idhara-udhara Ate jAte the|' 3. Andolana mArga-yaha saMbhavataH jhUlane vAlA mArga rahA ho athavA jhUle ke sahAre vyakti isa pAra se usa pAra pahuMca jAtA ho| vizeSataH yaha mArga durga Adi para banAyA jAtA thA jahAM khAiyAM Adi jhUla kara pAra kI jAtI thiiN| cUrNikAra ke anusAra vyakti vRkSoM kI zAkhAoM ko pakar3akara jhUlate aura isI prakAra dUsare-dUsare vRkSoM kI zAkhAoM ko pakar3ate hue pAra ho jAte the|6|| ___4. vetramArga-yaha mArga nadiyoM ko pAra karane meM sahAyaka hotA thaa| jahAM nadiyoM meM beMta kI latAeM saghana hotI thIM vahAM pathika una latAoM kA avaSTambha lekara eka kinAre se dUsare kinAre para pahuMca jAtA thaa| jisa nadI meM 'beMta' kI 1. jo puNa purisaM mAreti gollavisae brAhmaNaghAtaka iva purisaghAtaovi garihijjati-sUtrakR. cUrNi, pR. 357 / 2. phlglydolnnvittrjjudvnnbilpaasmggey| khIlagaayapakkhipahe chattajalAkAsadavvaMmi (gA. 107) / 3. phalakamArgaH yatra kardamAdibhayAt phalakairgamyate 1 / 11 vR. patra 198, cUrNi pR. 239 / 4. latAmArgastu yatra latAvalambanena gmyte-1|11 vR. patra 198, cUrNi pR. 240 / 5. AndolanamArgo'pi yatrAndolanena durgamatilaMghyate 1 / 11 vR. patra 198 / 6. cUrNi pR. 239,240 /

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sUtrakRtAMga ke AdhAra para sabhyatA aura saMskRti 163 latAeM ugatIM, vahIM aise mArga kA nimANa hotA thaa| cArudatta nAmaka eka vyakti aise mArga se vetralatAoM kA avaSTambha le vetravatI nadI ko pAra kara dUsare kinAre para pahuMcA thaa| inheM 'vaMzapatha' yA 'vetrAcAra' bhI kahA hai| ye una mArgoM ke nAma haiM jahAM nadI ke eka kinAre para lage hue lambe bAMsa yA betoM ko jhukAkara unakI sahAyatA se dUsarI ora pahuMcA jA ske| atyanta ghane jaMgaloM meM isa prakAra ke upAya kAma meM lAye jAte the| pAlimahAnideza meM ise 'vettacAra patha' kahA hai| ___5. rajjumArga-ati durgama-sthAnoM meM rassiyoM ko aneka sthAnoM para bAMdha kara mArga kA nirmANa kiyA jAtA thaa| saMbhava hai ki isa mArga kA nirmANa parvatIya sthaloM meM hotA thaa| vyakti rassI ke sahAre parvatoM para car3hakara adhityakA se upatyakA meM pahuMca kara apane gantavya sthAna ko prApta kara letA thaa| Aja bhI pahAr3I sthAnoM meM aise mArga hote haiN| 6. davanamArga-yAna Adi ke jAne-Ane kA maarg| davana kA artha 'yAna' hai aura usake gamanAgamana ke mArga ko 'davanamArga' kahA jAtA hai| isa patha para sabhI prakAra ke 'yAna' Ate jAte the| Aja kI taraha ye mArga pratyeka nagara ko jor3ane vAle mukhya sar3akoM kA kAma karate the| ina para hAthI, ghor3e, baila Adi ke ratha sahajatayA A-jA sakate the| ye bahuta caur3e aura sIdhe hote the| ye pANinI ke sthalapatha, rathapatha, karipatha, rAjapatha, siMhapatha Adi haiN| 7. bilamArga-suraMgoM se idhara-udhara Ane-jAne ke maarg| inheM 'mUSika patha' bhI kahA hai| ye parvatIya mArga the, jinameM caTTAneM kATakara cUhoM ke bila jaisI choTI-choTI suraMgeM banAI jAtI thiiN| jinameM caur3I suraMgeM kATI jAtI thIM, unheM 'darIpatha' kahA jAtA thaa| inameM dIpa lekara pravaza kiyA jAtA thaa| 1. vetramArgo yatra.......parakUlaM gataH 1 / 11 vR. pa. 198 / 2. pANinikAlIna bhAratavarSa pR. 235 / 3. bhAga 1 pR. 154, 155; bhAga 2 pR. 414, 415 / 4. rajjumArgastu yatra rajjvA kiJcidati durgmtilNdhyte-1|11 vR. patra 198 / 5. 'davanaM' ti yAnaM, tanmArgo davanamArgaH 1 / 11 vR. patra 198 / 6. pANinikAlIna bhAratavarSa pR. 235 / 7. bilamArgo yatra tu guhAdyAkAreNa bilena gmyte-1|11 vR. patra 198 / 8. pANinikAlIna bhAratavarSa pR. 235 / 9. bilaMdIvagehiM pavisaMti cU. pR. 240 /

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Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA 8. pAzamArga - cUrNikAra ke anusAra yaha vaha mArga hai jisameM vyakti apanI kamara ko rajju se bAMdha kara rajju ke sahAre Age bar3hatA thA / 'rasakUpikA' (svarNa Adi kI khadAna) meM isI ke sahAre nIce gahana aMdhakAra meM utarA jAtA thA aura rajju ke sahAre hI punaH bAhara AnA hotA thA | 164 vRttikAra ne ise mRgajAla Adi se yukta mArga mAnA hai, jisakA upayoga zikArI karate haiN| 9. kIlakamArga - ye ve mArga the jahAM sthAna-sthAna para kIleM gAr3I jAtI thIM aura pathika una kIlikAoM ke abhijJAna se apane mArga para bar3hatA jAtA thaa| kIlikAeM use mArga bhUlane se bacAtI thIM / ye vizeSataH marupradezoM meM yA jahAM khAneM adhika hotI thIM vaise pradezoM meM banAe jAte the / pANini ke vyAkaraNa meM kAtyAyana tathA mahAniddeza meM 'zaMkupatha' kA ullekha hai| vaha atyanta kaThina patha thaa| pahAr3I mArgoM meM jahAM bIca meM caTTAneM A jAtI thIM vahAM zaMku arthAt lohe kI kIleM caTTAnoM meM Thoka kara car3hanA par3atA thA / 4 10. aja' mArga- yaha eka saMkarA patha hotA thA jisameM kevala aja (bakarI) yA bachar3e ke calane jitanI pagaDaMDI mAtra hotI thI / ajapatha ke viSaya meM bRhatkathA zlokasaMgraha meM likhA hai ki- 'yaha rAstA itanA kama caur3A hotA thA ki Amane sAmane se Ane vAle do vyakti eka sAtha usa para se nahIM nikala sakate the| jisa mArga meM kevala eka bakarI ke calane kI guMjAiza ho vaha taMga rAstA 'ajapatha' kahalAtA thA / ye vizeSataH pahAr3I sthAnoM meM pAye jAte the| Aja bhI pahAr3oM para aise patha haiM, jahAM bakarI aura bher3oM para choTe-choTe thailoM meM mAla lAdakara le jAte haiM / inheM 'meNDhapatha' bhI kahA jAtA thA / 6 1. rajjuM vA kaDie baMdhiUNa pacchA rajjuM aNusaraMti.... pAsamaggo - cUrNi, pR. 194 / 2. pAzapradhAno mArga :- pAzamArgaH pAzakUTavAgurAnvito mArga ityarthaH - vR. patra 198 / 3. khIlagehiM rumAvisae vAlugAbhUmIe cakkamaMti..... anyathA pathabhraMzaH - cUrNi, pR. 194 / 4. pANinikAlIna bhAratavarSa, pR. 235 / 5. ajamArgo......gata iti - 1 / 11 vR. patra 198 / 6. pANinikAlIna bhAratavarSa pR. 235 /

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sUtrakRtAMga ke AdhAra para sabhyatA aura saMskRti 165 cUrNikAra ne ise 'ayapatha'-lohapatha mAnA hai aura aitihAsika jAnakArI dete hue likhA hai ki yaha suvarNabhUmI (sumAtrA) se yahAM taka (?) banA huA thaa| 11. pakSimArga-yaha AkAza mArga thaa| vyakti bhAruNDa Adi pakSiyoM para yAtrA karate the| yaha sarvasulabha na bhI rahA ho, parantu zrImanta yA mAntrika vidyAoM meM pAragAmI loga ina pakSiyoM kA upayoga vAhana ke rUpa meM karate hoM, yaha asaMbhava nahIM lgtaa| kyoMki Aja bhI zaturmurga kA vAhana ke rUpa meM upayoga hotA hai| isakI gati tIvra hotI hai, yaha bhUmi para daur3atA hai| usI prakAra bhAruNDa, haMsa Adi pakSiyoM para savArI kara AkAzamArga se gantavya taka pahuMcanA atyukti nahIM kahI jA sktii| yaha pANini kA 'haMsapatha', mahAniddeza kA 'zakunapatha' aura kAlIdAsa kA 'khagapatha', 'ghanapatha', 'surapatha' hai| 12. chatramArga-yaha aisA mArga thA jahAM chatra ke binA AnA-jAnA nirApada nahIM hotA thaa| saMbhava hai jaMgaloM meM hiMsrapazuoM ke bhaya se chatte rakhakara hI unheM pAra karanA par3atA ho| chattoM ko dekhakara hiMsrapazu Dara jAte haiM-aisI dhAraNA rahI ho| 13. jalamArga-yAnapAtra, naukA, jahAja Adi se Ane-jAne kA maarg| ise 'vAripatha' bhI kahA gayA hai| 14. AkAzapatha-vidyAdharoM tathA maMtravidoM ke Ane-jAne kA maarg| ise 'devapatha' bhI kahA hai| ___ inake atirikta pANini ne apanI vyAkaraNa meM devapathAdi gaNa meM vAripatha, sthalapatha, rathapatha, karipatha, zaMkupatha, siMhapatha, haMsapatha, devapatha Adi-Adi kA ullekha kiyA hai| 1. cUrNi, pR. 240 / 2. pkssimaargo-bhaarunnddaadipkssibhirdeshaantrmvaapyte-1|11 patra 198 / 3. pANinikAlIna bhAratavarSa-pR. 235 / 4. chatramArgo yatra chatramantareNa gantuM na shkyte-1|11 vR. patra 198 / 5. jalamArgo yatra naavaadibhirgmyte-1|11 vR. patra 198 / 6. pANinikAlIna bhAratavarSa-pR. 236 / / 7. AkAzamArgo vidyaadhraadiinaam-1|11 vR. patra 198 / 8. pANinikAlIna bhAratavarSa-pR. 235 / 9. pANinikAlIna bhAratavarSa-pR. 235 /

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166 Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA pAlI mahAniddeza meM pathoM kA ullekha isa prakAra hai- vaNNupatha, ajapatha, meMDhapatha, saMkupatha, chattapatha, vaMsapatha, sakuNapatha, mUsikapatha, darIpatha, vettacAra patha / ' kAtyAyana ne kAntArapatha, sthalapatha aura vAripatha kA vizeSa ullekha kiyA hai| AcArya kauTilya ne mArgoM ko do bhAgoM meM bAMTA hai (1) nagara ke bhItarI mArga aura (2) nagara ke bAharI mArga / nagara ke bhItarI mArga (1) rAjapatha - solaha gaja caur3e / (2) rathyApatha-ATha gaja caur3e / (3) rathapatha - DhAI gaja caur3e / (4) pazupatha - do gaja caur3e / (5) kSudrapazupatha yA manuSyapatha - eka gaja caur3e / nagara ke bAharI mArga (1) rASTrapatha-rAjadhAnI se bar3e-bar3e nagaroM meM jAne vAlA mArga / (2) vivItapatha - carAgAha ko jAnevAlA mArga / (3) droNamukhapatha - cAra sau gAMvoM ke kendrIya nagara kA mArga / (4) sthAnIyapatha-ATha sau gAMvoM ke kendrIya nagara ko jAne vAlA patha / (5) saMyanIpatha - vyApArika maMDiyoM kA mArga / (6) grAmapatha-gAMvoM ko jAne vAlA mArga / ye sabhI mArga solaha-solaha gaja caur3e hote the / rAjapatha yA bar3e mArgoM ke donoM kinAroM para chAyAdAra vRkSa lagAye jAte the / sthAna-sthAna para jalAzrayoM kA nirmANa kiyA jAtA thA / yaha vyavasthA rAjya dvArA yA viziSTa vyaktiyoM 1. bhAga 1 pR. 154,155; bhAga 2 pR. 414,415 / 2. dekho pANinikAlIna bhAratavarSa, pR. 236 / 3. kauTilya ke Arthika vicAra-le. gaganalAla gupta, bhagavAnadAsa belA, adhyAya 16 pR. 99 /

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sUtrakRtAMga ke AdhAra para sabhyatA aura saMskRti 167 dvArA hotI thii| ye mArga sama aura upadrava rahita hote the| nagara ke prAkAra ke aMtarAla meM ATha hAtha caur3A mArga hotA thaa| use 'carikA' kahate the| ___ pANini ne eka vizeSa sUtra meM 'uttarapatha' kA ullekha kiyA hai| usakA eka bhAga uttara bhArata meM gandhAra se pATaliputra taka tathA dUsarA bhAga gandhAra kI rAjadhAnI puSkalAvatI se calakara takSazilA hotA huA, mArga meM sindhu-zatadru-yamunA pAra karake, hastinApura-kAnyakubja-prayAga ko milAtA huA pATaliputra tathA tAmralipti ko calA jAtA thaa| isa mArga para yAtriyoM ke Thaharane ke lie niSadyAeM, jala ke lie kUpa aura chAyAdAra vRkSa lage hue the|'3 kaI mArga atyanta viSama aura pattharoM tathA UMToM se AkIrNa hote the| ve viSamonnata mArga yAtrA ke lie atyanta duHkhaprada hote the| jagaha-jagaha gar3he aura nadI-nAloM ke kAraNa yAtAyAta kaThina hotA thaa|' eka deza se dUsare deza meM jAne ke mArga nizcita hote the| ve mArga atyanta vipula, sIdhe aura pratyeka vAhana ke lie suvidhAjanaka hote the| yAna-vAhana hAthI, ghor3e, UMTa, gadhe aura baila yAtAyAta ke mukhya sAdhana the| rathoM meM hAthI, ghor3e aura baile jote jAte the| ye tIna prakAra ke ratha yAtAyAta meM kAma Ate the| zrImanta vyakti hAthI aura ghor3oM ke ratha para car3hakara Ate jAte the| sarvasAdhAraNa ke lie bailoM ke ratha kAma meM Ate the| krIr3A ke lie jAte samaya ina rathoM kA vizeSa upayoga hotA thaa| Aja kI bhAMti loga pikanika (Picnic) ke lie udyAnoM meM jAte the| vaidika sAhitya meM rAsabha-ratha tathA azvatarIya ratha, auSTraratha Adi kA 1. 111 vR. patra 198 / 2. carikA nagaraprAkArAntarAle'STahastapramANo mArgaH-praznavyAkaraNadvAra 1, patra 13 / 3. pANinikAlIna bhAratavarSa, pR. 236 / 4. 1 / 11 vR. patra 199 5. dezAd vivakSitadezAntaraprAptilakSaNaH pnthaaH-1|11 vR. patra 199, 200 / 6. htthssrhjaannehiN.........1|3|2|16|| 7. vihAragamaNehi ya-(vR.) udyAnAdau krIDayA gmnaaniityrthH-1|3|2|16 vR. patra 88 /

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168 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA ullekha haA hai| mahAniddeza meM bhI auSTrayAna tathA kharayAna evaM jAtaka (5 / 355) meM assatarIya ratha kA ullekha hai| ratha banAne vAle ko 'rathakAra' kahA jAtA thaa| __ vahana aura vAhana ye do zabda pracalita the| naukA, jahAja Adi ko 'vahana' aura zakaTa, ratha Adi ko 'vAhana' kahA jAtA thaa| mukhya vAhana 1. zakaTa-mAla Dhone ke kAma meM Ane vAlI gAr3iyAM 'zakaTa' kahalAtI thiiN| bailoM se khIMcI jAne ke kAraNa unheM 'go-ratha' bhI kahA jAtA thaa| bojhA Dhone kI bar3I gAr3I yA 'saggaDa' ko zakaTa kahate the| 2. ratha-yaha vizeSarUpa se AvRta hotA thA, jisase ki dhUpa aura havA se bacAva ho ske| isameM baiThane kI vizeSa suvidhAeM hotI thIM aura ye kevala savArI ke hI kAma Ate the| Aja bhI rAjasthAna meM ratha kI savArI yatra-tatra hotI hai| sAMgrAmika aura devayAna-ye do prakAra ke ratha prasiddha the| sAMgrAmika ratha kI vedikA kaTipramANa hotI thii| puruSoM ke sabase adhika upayoga meM Ane vAlA yAna ratha thaa| nAgarikoM ke dainika kArya-kalApa rathoM para hI nirbhara the| rAmAyaNa meM tIna prakAra ke rathoM kA ullekha hai| (1) aupavAhya ratha-pratidina kI savArI meM kAma Ane vAlA rth| (2) sAMgrAmika ratha-yuddha ke samaya kAma meM Ane vAlA rth| (3) puSparatha-utsavoM meM kAma meM Ane vAlA rth| 3. yugya-yaha manuSyoM dvArA vAhita hotA thaa| ise 'AkAzayAna' bhI kahate the| yaha eka vizeSa prakAra kI gAr3I thI, jo ki golladeza (kRSNA-godAvarI ke bIca golI) meM pracalita thii| navAMgo TIkAkAra abhayadevasUrI ne 1. pANinikAlIna bhAratavarSa pR. 152 / 2. 1|4|1|9-rhkaaro..... 3. vahanAni yAnapAtrANi, vAhanAni zakaTAdIni-praznavyAkaraNa dvAra 1 vR. pa. 13 / 4. sagaDarahajANajuggagillisiyA sNdmaanni-2|2|35, vR. patra 73 / 5. praznavyAkaraNa dvAra 1 vR. patra 13 / 6. rAmAyaNakAlIna samAja, pR. 246 / 7. pANinikAlIna bhAratavarSa, pR. 152 /

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169 sUtrakRtAMga ke AdhAra para sabhyatA aura saMskRti ( praznavyAkaraNa sUtra dvAra 1 vR. patra 13 meM) isakA artha - golladeza meM prasiddha, do hAtha pramANa vAlA, vedikA se upazobhita 'jamyAna' (pAlakI) vizeSa kiyA hai / 4. DollI - do puruSoM se uThAI jAne vAlI pAlakI / 5. thillI - eka vizeSa prakAra kA yAna jise khaccara khIMcate the / saMbhava hai yahI 'azvatarIya - ratha' rahA ho / 6. zibikA - pAlakI vizeSa / yaha parvatIya sthaloM kA mukhya vAhana thA / dhIre-dhIre yaha zrImantoM ke yahAM, gAMva meM idhara-udhara jAne ke lie bhI kAma meM Ane lagA / abhayadevasUrI ke anusAra hajAra puruSoM dvArA vAhanIya, kUTa ke AkAra vAlI, zikhara se AcchAdita pAlakI vizeSa ko 'zibikA' kahA jAtA thA / ' bUr3he baila bhI zakaTa meM jote jAte the / gadhoM para mAla DhoyA jAtA thA / ' bhAruNDapakSI bhI yAtAyAta meM kAma Ate the / ghor3e, UMTa, hAthI, baila aura gadhoM ke lie bhinna-bhinna makAna hote the, jinheM- uSTrazAlA, hastizAlA, bailazAlA, ghoTakazAlA, gardabhazAlA Adi kahA jAtA thaa| hAthI aura ghor3oM ko zikSita karane ke lie alaga-alaga vizeSajJa hote the / karmakaroM ke prakAra 1. dAsa - kharIdA huA yA apanI dAsI kA putra / dAsa ke aneka prakAra hote the, jaise- garbhakAla meM - 1. apane dohada ke lie apane priyatama para dAsa kI bhAMti zAsana krnaa| 2. kAma bhoga ke lie bhraSTa bane hue dAsa / 2. preSya- jise kAryavaza bAhara bhejA jAya vaisA naukara / 3. bhRtaka (bhRtya) - vetana lekara pAnI Adi lAne kA kArya karane vAlA / pANini ne gaNapATha meM aneka prakAra ke bhRtyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai kUTAkArazikharAcchAdito jamyAnavizeSa: 1. zibikA - puruSasahasravAhanIyaH praznavyAkaraNa dvAra 1 patra 13 / 2. ujjANaMsi jaraggavA - 1 / 3 / 2 / 21, vAdRcchinnA va gaddabhA 1 / 3 / 4 / 5 /

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170 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA 1. paricAraka 2. pariSecaka 3. utsAdaka 4. udvartaka 5. pralepikA 6. vilepikA 7. anulepikA 8. anucAraka 9. maNipAlI 10. dvArapAlI 11. daNDagrAha 12. caamrgraah| 4. bhAgika-bhAgIdAra, jo kRSi Adi meM chaThe aMza kI bhAgIdArI meM saMpRkta hotA thaa| 5. karmakara-ve vyakti jo dUsaroM kA kArya kara AjIvikA calAte the, rAjagharoM meM veTha karate the ve karmakara kahalAte the| 6. bhogapuruSa-ve vyakti jo kisI netA ke Azrita apanA jIvana calAte the| daNDa ke prakAra usa samaya aparAdhI vyakti ko daMDita karane ke lie daNDa ke aneka prakAra the 1. ber3I se bAMdhanA-aparAdhiyoM ko ber3I se bAMdhA jAtA thaa| 2. bandI banAnA-bandI banAkara aparAdhiyoM ko kArAvAsa meM DAlA jAtA thaa| vahAM jUM, khaTamaloM Adi kA upadrava rahatA thaa| 3. do jaMjIroM se sikor3a kara lur3hakAnA-kucheka aparAdhiyoM ko kArAvAsa meM DAlakara do, tIna yA sAta sAMkaloM se bAMdhakara rakhA jAtA thaa| usake hAthapaira aura gale meM sAMkala DAla dI jAtI thii| 4. hAtha kATanA-cUrNikAra ne isa viSaya meM kaI mahattvapUrNa sUcanAeM dI haiM* apaharaNa karane vAle ke kAna, nAka, oTha kATa die jAte the| * jo guptacara aura dUta zatru rAjyoM meM Ate-jAte the unake kAna, nAka aura oTha cheda die jAte the| * yadi striyAM yaha kAma karatI to unakA sira kATa diyA jAtA thaa| * adharma kA AcaraNa karane vAle kI jIbha talavAra se kATa dI jAtI thii| kandhoM kA hanana kara ve brahmasUtra se kATa die jAte the| jIvita vyakti kA hRdaya, jIbha Adi nikAla dI jAtI thii| 5. kUe Adi meM laTakAnA-kUe meM laTakAnA, parvata ke nIce pheMkanA

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nizItha bhASya ke kucha zabda-citra 171 athavA nadI aura tAlAba meM DUbonA Adi daNDoM ke dvArA bhI aparAdhiyoM ko * daNDita kiyA jAtA thaa| 6. zUlI meM pironA-apAnamArga se zUla lagAkara use muMha se nikAlA jAtA thaa| 7. namaka chir3akanA-zastra se zarIra ke Tukar3e-Tukar3e kara namaka Adi kSAra padArthoM ko zarIra para chir3akA jAtA thaa| 8. jananendriya kATanA-prAcInakAlIna daNDapaddhati ke anusAra pAradArika vyakti kI jananendriya kATa dI jAtI thii| 9. aMDakozoM ko tor3akara muMha meM DAlanA-usa samaya parastrIgAmI aparAdhI ko daMDa dene ke lie aparAdhI ke aMDakozoM ko tor3akara usI ke muMha meM DAla diyA jAtA thaa| isa daNDa se use apAra kaSTa hotA thA aura vaha jIvanabhara ke lie maithunapravRtti ke lie ayogya ho jAtA thaa| 10. mAMsa khilAnA-aparAdhI ke zarIra ko kATakara kAkiNI sikke jitane choTe-choTe mAMsa-Tukar3oM ko bhI aparAdhI ko khilAne kI prathA pracalita thii| ___ isa prakAra sUtrakRtAMga ke adhyayana se usa samaya meM pracalita aneka paramparAoM aura sabhyatAoM kA bodha hotA hai aura sahaja hI AgamakAlIna paramparA aura saMskRti ujAgara ho jAtI hai| 35. nizItha bhASya ke kucha zabda-citra ziSya ne pUchA-'bhagavan ! koI vyakti aneka aparAdha karatA hai to kyA use pratyeka aparAdha ke lie bhinna-bhinna daMDa die jAte haiM yA eka hI?' AcArya ne kahA-'vatsa! daMDa dene kI vidhi eka nahIM hai| aneka prakAra se daMDa diyA jA sakatA hai| sabhI aparAdhoM kA eka daMDa bhI ho sakatA hai aura alaga-alaga bhii|' ziSya ne pUchA-'yaha kaise, bhagavan ?' AcArya ne kahA-'suno! eka rathakAra thaa| usakI strI ne aneka aparAdha kie| rathakAra isase anajAna thaa| eka bAra rathakAra bAjAra gayA huA thaa| strI apanA ghara khulA chor3akara par3osI ke ghara meM jA baiTha gii| ghara ko khulA dekha

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172 Agama-sampAdana kI yAtrA eka sAMDa usameM ghusaa| itane meM hI rathakAra vahAM A phuNcaa| usane apAvRta ghara aura sAMDa ko dekhaa| unakI patnI bhI A gii| rathakAra ne patnI kA aparAdha samajhakara use piittaa| patnI ne socA-ina dinoM maiMne aura aneka aparAdha kie haiN| yadi mere pati ko sAre jJAta hoMge to vaha mujhe bAra-bAra piittegaa| acchA ho maiM sAre aparAdha prakaTa kara duuN| usane kahA 'bachar3A gAya kA stanapAna kara gayA hai, Apa dvArA lAyA gayA kAMsya bhAjana bhI TUTa gyaa| ApakA vastra bhI koI curAkara le gayA Apa mujhe jitanA pITanA cAheM utanA pITa leN|' itanA sunakara rathakAra ne use eka hI bAra meM khUba piittaa| isI prakAra aneka aparAdhoM ke lie eka prAyazcita bhI ho sakatA hai| eka cora thaa| usane aneka bAra coriyAM kI kisI ke bartana curAe, kisI ke vastra, kisI ke sikke aura kisI kA sonaa| eka bAra usane rAjamahala meM seMdha lagAI aura ratna curAkara bAhara niklaa| ArakSakoM ne pakar3akara use rAjA ke samakSa upasthita kiyaa| dUsare logoM ne bhI usa para corI kA Aropa lgaae| rAjA ne socA, isane rAjamahala se ratna curAe haiN| yaha corI gurutara hai| rAjA ne dUsarI sArI coriyoM kI upekSA kara isa gurutara corI ke lie use mRtyudaMDa diyaa| isI prakAra aneka chiTapuTa aparAdhoM kI upekSA kara gurutara aparAdha ko mukhya mAnakara prAyazcita diyA jA sakatA hai| AcArya ne kahA-'ziSya! kabhI-kabhI vizeSa prayojanavaza aparAdhoM ko kSamA bhI karanA par3atA hai| eka gaNa hai| AcArya glAna ho ge| jo AcArya banane yogya hai, use anekavidha prAyazcita prApta haiM aura vaha unheM vahana kara rahA hai| aisI sthiti meM usake prAyazcitoM ko kSamA kara use AcArya pada diyA jAtA hai| 'eka nagara kA rAjA mara gyaa| usake koI putra nahIM thaa| rAjya-cintakoM ne devapUjana kara eka hAthI aura eka ghor3e ko sajAyA aura donoM ko nagara meM chor3a diyaa| usI nagara meM usI dina mUladeva nAma kA eka vyakti corI karate pakar3A gyaa| ArakSakoM ne use mRtyudaMDa diyA aura vadhya mAnakara use nagara meM ghumAne lge| usake sAtha aThAraha vyakti the| hAthI aura ghor3e donoM ghUmate-ghUmate

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nizItha bhASya ke kucha zabda-citra 173 mUladeva ke pAsa A ruke| ghor3A hinahinAyA aura pITha UMcI kii| hAthI ne garjanA kI aura sUMDa se pAnI le mUladeva ko abhiSikta kara use pITha para car3hA liyaa| sAmudrika Ae aura mUladeva ko rAjA ghoSita kara diyA aura vaha rAjA bana gyaa| vaha sabhI aparAdhoM se mukta ho gyaa|' ___ ziSya ne pUchA-'bhaMte ! do vyakti eka-jaisA aparAdha karate haiM, kyA unheM eka-sA daMDa diyA jAegA? AcArya ne kahA-'vatsa! daMDa ke nirNaya meM aneka draSTiyoM se socanA par3atA hai-dhRti, saMhanana, kSetra, kAla, adhyavasAya Adi ko dhyAna meM rakhanA hotA hai|' ___AcArya ne Age kahA-'dekho! do vyakti chaha-chaha mahInoM kA prAyazcita vahana kara rahe haiN| eka vyakti ko prAyazcita prArambha kie kevala chaha dina hue haiM aura dUsare vyakti ke prAyazcita-samApti ke kevala chaha dina zeSa haiN| isa prAyazcita-vahana ke aMtarAla meM donoM ne chaha mAsa kA prAyazcita Ae, aisA dUsarA aparAdha kara liyaa| aisI sthiti meM AcArya pahale vyakti ko, jise pUrva ke prAyazcitoM ko vahana karate hue kevala chaha dina hI bIte haiM, dUsarA prAyazcita bhI pahale prAyazcita ke aMtargata kara kevala chaha mAsa kA hI prAyazcita deNge| dUsare vyakti ko, jisake chaha mahInoM meM chaha dina bAkI haiM aura chaha mAsa kA prAyazcita deNge| isa prakAra use lagabhaga eka varSa taka prAyazcita vahana karanA hogaa|' ziSya ne kahA-yaha rAga-dveSa kyoM? AcArya ne kahA-'yaha rAga-dveSa nahIM hai| suno-kisI vyakti ne agni jalAnA prArambha kiyaa| prArambha meM hI usane kATha ke bar3e-bar3e lakar3e usameM ddaale| agni unheM jalAne meM asamartha thii| vaha tatkAla bujha gii| dUsare vyakti ne bhI agni jalAnA prArambha kiyaa| usane prArambha meM upale ke choTe-choTe Tukar3e, lakar3I kA cUrA Adi ddaalaa| agni jala utthii| jaba vaha dIpta ho gaI taba usane usameM bar3I-bar3I lakar3iyAM ddaaliiN| ve bhI jala giiN| isI prakAra prAyazcita vahana karane vAlA pahalA vyakti pahalI agni ke samAna hai aura dUsarA vyakti dUsarI agni ke samAna / pahale vyakti ko pUrva aparAdha ke pariNAmasvarUpa chaha mAsa kA prAyazcita hai| use vahana karate kevala chaha dina bIte haiM aura usa aMtarAla meM use yadi dUsare chaha mAsa kA prAyazcita diyA jAe to usakA utsAha kSINa ho jAtA hai| vaha khinna ho jAtA hai aura saMyama se unmanA

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Agama- sampAdana kI yAtrA 174 ho sakatA hai| pahalI agni kI bhAMti asamaya meM hI bujha jAtA hai / dUsarA vyakti, jo chaha mAsa se prAyazcita vahana kara rahA hai, kevala chaha dina zeSa haiM, use yadi dUsare chaha mAsa kA prAyazcita diyA jAe to vaha dugune utsAha se usakA vahana karegA, kyoMki use tapolabdhi prApta hai tathA usakA dhairya bhI paka cukA hotA hai / vaha dUsare prakAra kI agni kI taraha hai, jo bar3e-bar3e lakar3oM ko bhI bhasmasAt kara detI hai /

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janma AgamamanISI muni dulaharAja jIvana paricaya : 14 julAI 1922, kolAra golDa phIlDa (karnATaka) dIkSA : 25 akTUbara 1948, chApara (rAja.) zikSAnikAya 8 pharavarI 1966, DAbar3I (rAja.) sAjhapati : 29 akTUbara 1981, aNuvrata vihAra, dillI AgamamanISI : 27 janavarI 2004, jalagAMva (mahArASTra) bahuzruta pariSad sadasya : 16 sitambara 2010, saradArazahara (rAjasthAna) ciraprayANa : 19 janavarI 2011, zrIDUMgaragar3ha (rAjasthAna) vizeSa : dIkSA dina se nirantara AcArya mahAprajJa kI sevA meM rhe| Agama-zodha kArya meM prArambha se hI saMlagna / AcArya mahAprajJa ke zatAdhika pustakoM ke smpaadk| terApaMtha dharmasaMgha meM prathama aMgrejI ke jnyaataa| hindI-saMskRta-prAkRtagujarAtI-kannar3a Adi bhASAoM ke pratibhAsaMpanna vidvaan| zatAvadhAnI, sAhityakAra, cintaka, vaktA, kavicetA aura lekhanI ke dhnii|suduur yAtrAoM meM avirala shyaatrii| ISBN 81-7195-183-x mAcaraNa vijjA pimAkkhA lADanU jaina viza bhAratA 9117881711951833 // Rs70.00/