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Parināmavāda in the Āgamas
93
smell and touch) while the rest are arūvi (i.e, not possessed of colour, taste etc.) ?
Āgasatthikāe is again comprised of Loyāgāse and Aloyāgāse. The space containing substances Jiva and others is called Loyāgāse while the one extending infinitely beyond it, is called Aloyāgāse. It is a void devoid of substances, 3 Thus if we want to picture to ourselves Jain cosmography we shall have to regard Āgāsa (Space), as the primary entity, a part of which is peopled with Jiva, - Poggala, Dhamma, Abamma.
It may be noted that at certain places in the Āgamas, Kāla too is admitted as a separate sixth substance (dravya).* At Ut. Sû... 28.736 the six substances viz., Dhamma, Ahamma, Āgāsa, Kāla, Poggala and Jiva are said to make up this universe (Loga). When, however, Kāla is not recognised as a separate substance it is identified with Jiva and Ajiva. These two views about Kāla persist throughout the later period.
Of the six substances, Āgasa, Dhamma and Ahamma are each one substance only while Kāla, Poggala and Jiva are an infinite number of substances. (Ut. Sū. 28.8) 2 'कतिविहा णं भंते ! दव्वा पन्नत्ता?' 'गोयमा ! दुविहा दवा प. तं जहा
जीवदव्वा य अजीवदव्वा य ।' 'अजीवदव्वा णं भंते ! कतिविहा पन्नत्ता ?' 'गोयमा ! दुविहा प. तं जहा - रूविअजीवदवा य अरूविअजीवदव्वा य ।
Bh. Su. 25.2.720 (2.10.120), Anu. Su. 14. 3 Bh. Su. 2.10. 120-121.
कतिविहा णं भंते ! सव्वदव्वा पन्नत्ता ?' 'गोयमा । छविहा सव्वदव्वा पन्नत्ता -- तं जहा -- धम्मत्थिकाए अहमत्थिकाए जाव अद्धासमए ।'
Bh. Su. 25.4 cf. Also Bh. Su. 2.10,120, 11.11.424, 13.4.482-483; Pannnvena. 1. 5 धम्मो अहम्मो आगासं कालो पुग्गलजन्तवो। एस लोगो त्ति पन्नत्तो जिणेहिं.
वरदंसिहिं ॥७॥ 6 (Jivābhigam)
'किमयं भते ! कालो त्ति पवुच्चइ ?' 'गोयमा ! जीवा चेव अजीवा चेव त्ति ।'
