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The Samkhya-Yoga and the Jaina Theories of Parinama
absolute. The former is momentary, i.e. having beginning and ende. The latter is eternal. The duration that an atom reguires to mov from one spatial point to the next one is called samaya (moment). This samaya is liable to origination and destruction. No two samayas are co-existent. 37 Appliction of Pariņāma to Pudgala
Matter exists in four main modes; skandhas, skandhadesas, skandhapradešas and primary atoms. The complete molecule of matter is skandha; a half of it is skandhadesa; a half of that half is skandhapradeśa; and what cannot be divided is the primary atom. Skandhas are of two kinds - those that can be perceived by the senses and the minute ones beyond sense - perception. These also are called matter conventionally. These manifest them-selves in six different modes by which the three worlds are completely filled. An atom has physical qualities and it itself is unable to produce any sound whatsoever. All the atoms are homogeneous and capable of being the cause of any of the four physical elements - earth, water, fire and air. Skandhas, when strike one another, produce sound. An atom has a single taste, colour and smell and two contacts. Whatever is perceived by the senses, the sense-organs, the various kinds of bodies, the physical manas, the karmas (subtle material forces affecting soul) etc. are material (i.e. the modes of matter). Colour, taste, touch, smell and sound are the qualities of matter while structure, conglomeration (composites) and sound are the modes of matter. The primary atom has no space-points; it is an unit of space-point. 'When conjoined with other atoms due to its being arid or cohesive, it comes to have two or more space-points. The degrees of aridness or cohesiveness of an atom increase from one to infinity gradually one by one. Two atoms form an aggregate only when there is the difference of two degrees (points) in the cohesiveness or aridness that they possess, the minimum degree being excepted. The aggregates having two or more space-points and the subtle and gross elements of carth, water, fire and air come into existence 72 PK 23-26, 107-108; PS II. 47, 49-51
