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Pariņāmavāda in the Agamas
B
163
The Pariņāmas of Jiva and Ajīva
The Parinamas of Jiva and Ajiva are enumerated in the Pariņāma-pada (ch. 13) of Pannavaṇa and the Bh.Su. 14.4.
The Pariņāmas of Jiva as stated there are:
1 गतिपरिणाम, 2 इन्द्रियपरिणाम, 3 कपायपरिणाम, 4 लेश्यापरिणाम, 5 योगपरिणाम, 6 उपयोगपरिणाम, 7 ज्ञानपरिणाम, 8 दर्शनपरिणाम 9 चारित्रपरिणाम, 10 वेदपरिणाम.
Various sub-divisions of each of these ten kinds of Parināmas are detailed in the subsequent passages of the same chapter of Pannavaṇā. For us, however, it is necessary to note only these ten fundamental ones.
The above enumeration of the parināmas of Jiva presents some difficulties as to how all the pariņāmas attributed to Jiva can belong to it. We can understand ṇāṇa, damsaṇa, caritta and uvaoga Pariņāmas, as representing the proper functioning or Pariņamana-activity of Jiva but, how are we to understand indiya, joga, kasaya, lesā, veda and gati as the Pariņāmas of Jiva? The explanation of this lies in the peculiar Jain theory of bhavakarma i.e. psychic transformation and activity. The soul's original nature is supposed to be pure consciousness possessing the full powers of cognition but in its mundane existence, this pure faculty of cognition being clouded by karmic matter, functions only partially and piece-meal. Hence it is, that the soul has restricted or limited perception of the sensations received through different senses. In reality, however, all the sensations such as those of seeing, hearing etc., that we attribute to different senses belong to the congitive faculty of the soul. So, when one speaks of Jiva's indiya-Parinama, it is the bhāva-indiyas, the limited psychic transformations, supplying in reality the cognitive aspect of the sensations received
