Shravakachar of Vasunandini

Author(s): Signe Kirde
Publisher: Signe Kirde

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3.7 Anuyoga
3 SELF-PURIFICATION
damsaņa.68 Jaini (1979:186) translates the term darśana-pratimā into English "stage of right view" and describes this as the mental condition which characterises the beginning of a spiritual progress. In the Rk, chapter V, we find the following definition of the first stage: "He who is purified by the true Doctrine and is disgusted by physical pleasures in the samsāra; who has sought refuge at the feet of the five kind of guru-s; who sticks to the path of truth is a darsanika". 69 It is obvious that these eleven rungs are not the framework used in the canonical Uvāsaga-dasão. This text is organised according to another concept. The description of twelve vows is embedded into narrative prose with a few proverbial stanzas inserted. 70 In practical use this means the renunciation of sexual activities, food, cleansing material, perfums, drugs, etc. for a certain period or for lifetime. According to Jain, Sr, prastavanā, p. 21, the concept of renunciation for laymen was first outlined by Samantabhadra. The renunciation of certain substances such as liquor, meat, honey, for lifetime seems to have been prescribed for new followers of the Dig. communities by Samantabhadra, Amitagati and Vasunandin. We can conclude that the mgs. had the function of a initiation into the Jain belief from Samantabhadra's time onwards.
3.7 Anuyoga With respect to canonical and post-canonical scriptures Skt. anuyoga is the technical term which denotes scriptures regarded as authority by Jains.
They consist of the sacred law based on the contents of the teaching of Mahavira and his pupils.71 In Rk II.1-5 Samantabhadra defines anuyoga as the body of Jain teachings. The Dig. scriptures are categorised as the four limbs of knowledge, of which each can be considered as valid method to describe reality: Prathamânuyoga, Karanânuyoga, Carañânuyoga, and Dravyânuyoga.
68 Cf. Pkt. damsana, abbreviated for "true insight"; "right belief". Skt. samyagdarśana is translated into English "true insight"; "stage of right view": "right attitude": "enlightened worldview". See Leumann 1905 (1998]; Williams 1963:174; Jaini 1979:186; for the three jewels, "true insight", "true knowledge" and "right conduct", cf. Williams 1963:32ff. Cf. also the enumeration damsana-vaya-sämäiya-posaha-sacitta- in Sr (4).
69 Cf. samyag-darsana-buddhah [...) darśanikas. I have quoted the English translation of Rk V.15 in Bollée 2010a.
The pattern of this canonical text is called duvalāsa-vihågāra-dhamma. It is a modifications of the five vows of the mendicants. But Schubring (1962:285-286) identifies passages in the Svet. canonical sources, which refer to the eleven stages of the laity. The first rung or step of the damsana-sāvaga is explained by Schubring as pertaining to "one who approves of the regulations for laymen in theory without having realized them in practise yet."
71 Anuyoga is translated into English "gateway of investigation", "exposition", or "introduction to a systematical method". Sometimes authors mention veda or jāna ("knowledge") as equivalent terms. Knowledge is often discussed under two aspects, mundane or wordly, and supra-mundane or spiritual. See Ts 1.9: Gs, Introduction, pp.10-11; Williams 1963:137; Jaini 1979:337: Mette 1980:85.
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