Book Title: Nyaya Pravesha Part 1
Author(s): Anandshankar B Dhruva
Publisher: Oriental Research Institute Vadodra

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Page 171
________________ पञ्जिका F. 53b 47 above the Parts ( अवयवs). This problem is discussed at such length and with such a multitude of pros and cons in the Nyāya - Satras, Nyāya Bhasya and Nyāya-Vārtika, that it appears to have been one of the greatest ontological problems of the age, ( Sea N. Sūtras II. 1. 30-31 and 32-36 ) नावयवी नाम कश्चिदर्थान्तरभूतोऽवयवेभ्योऽस्ति, अपि त्ववयवा एव परमार्थसन्तः । तेषु च कतिपयानवयवान् गृहीत्वा तत्सहचरितानवयवाननुमाय प्रतिसंधानजेयं वृक्षबुद्धिः । — N. V. Tatparya II. 1. 30. 48 ( १ ) अर्थान्तरं पटात्तन्तवः तद्धेतुत्वात् तुर्यादिवत् तुर्यादिपटकारणमर्थान्तरमिति दृष्टं तथा चतन्तवस्तस्मादर्थान्तरमिति; (२) सामर्थ्यभेदाद्विषागदवद ; (३) भिन्नप्रत्ययविषयत्वादुपस्पर्शवत्; ( ४ ) तन्तुपटरूपे भिश्रकारणे विशेषवत्त्वाद्रूपस्पशर्वत् ( N. Vartika on II, i, 30 This together with the paragraph which follows has been rendered very clear by Dr. Ganganath Jha in his translation: The Vārtika propounds four arguments in support of the view that the composite iss omething different from the components:-- (A) The component yarns must be different from the composite cloth, because they are its cause, just like the shuttle and other things; the shuttle and other things, are the cause of the cloth, and are found to be different from it. etc. (See pp. 236-37 ). न धर्माणामनुगत :-Read न धर्माणामनुगतः कश्चिदवयवी धर्मी समस्तीत्यर्थः समस्ति संभवति गुणावयवव्यतिरिक्त — Read गुणव्यतिरिक्तमवयवव्यतिरिक्तमवयविद्रव्यं for गुणावयवव्यतिरिक्तमवयविद्रव्यं. न धर्माणामनुगतः ... स्वभावानुपलब्धिः The argument against the recognition of a real धर्मिन्— अवयविन्- over and above the धर्म-गुणs and अवयवs-~-~~is that there is nothing to prove that it exists. No such अवयविन् enters our perception. A thing is expected to be perceived if it exists, and if it is not perceived, evidently it must be pronounced to be non-existent. ( नहि शुक्रादिगुणेभ्यस्तन्त्वा द्यवयर्वेभ्यश्चार्थान्तरभूतं पटादिद्रव्यं चक्षुरादिज्ञाने प्रतिभासते । दृश्य. वावयवी अभ्युपगतः । एवं च यदुपलब्धिलक्षणप्राप्तं सनोपलभ्यते तदसदिति व्यवहर्तव्यम् यथा क्वचित्प्रदेशे घटः । नोपलभ्यते चावयवष्यतिरिकोऽवयवी तत्रैव देशे । इति स्वभावानुपलब्धिः - Panjika.) A possible difficulty : If there is no real अवयविन् what is it that is perceived? The gas are on all hands regarded as lying beyond the range of perception. Answer:

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