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188 Life and Stories of Pārçvanātha are the cock, Jātakas 284 and 370; and the monkey, Jātakas 174, 244, 278, 404, 412.
Additional note 8, to p. 34: Biter bit.
This is the popular fiction motif which may be designated, ‘Biter bit. Often the harm that one wishes to do to another, recoils on one's self, as a ball thrown against a wall,' Kathās. 20. 213. In the version of the present story in the Suvābahuttarīkathā, nr. 72; the plotting servitor (here a barber) is boiled in oil. In the story of Vanarāja, Pārçvanātha 7. 710 ff. (see p. 157), Narasińha, son of King Susthita who plots against Vanarāja, is killed instead of Vanarāja, and Susthita comes to grief. The son of the treasurer who sends Ghoșaka to be killed by a potter, changes places with Ghosaka and is killed, Dhammapada Commentary 2. 1 (page 80 of Burlingame's Digest). In Kathās. 20. 195 ff. King Adityaprabha plots to victimize the Brahman Phalabhūti, but, instead, his own son Candraprabha comes to grief. Excellent Biter bit' stories are told in Jülg, Kalmükische Märchen, pp. 43 ff., 55 ff.; Kathākoça, p. 130. The theme is implicated with that of the “Uriah letter'; see note on p. 160. For other Oriental and Western parallels see Benfey, Pañcatantra i. 320; Tawney, Translation of the Kathāsaritsāgara, vol. i, p. 162 note; and Cosquin, Le conte de la chaudière brouillante et la feinte maladressée dans l'Inde et hors de l'Inde, Revue des Traditions Populaires, JanuaryApril, 1910. For the same psychic motif in folklore see Steel and Temple, Wide-Awake Stories, p. 408. Cf. also Indian Antiquary, x. 190; xi. 84 ff.
Additional note 9, to p. 39 : Lecherous Ass. The popular conception that the ass is a lecherous animal is reflected especially in ritualistic texts and fiction. Weber, Indische Studien, x. 102, and Pischel, Vedische Studien, i. 82 ff., have gathered a considerable number of passages from both kinds of sources; cf. also Benfey, Pañcatantra, i. 432. In fable and fairy-tale the ass scarcely ever appears out of this rôle; see, e. g. Pañcatantra 4. 7; Hitopadeça 3. 3; Katās. 63. 134; ZDMG. Ixi. 20; Dhammapada Commentary 1. 9°. In Pārçvantha 7. 225 8 bawd (kuțțini) is turned into a she-ass; similarly in Pancadaņda
