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APPENDIX I.
PROVERBS AND PROVERBIAL EXPRESSIONS. The Pārçvanātha Carita is at the bottom, and in the main, a Jaina dharma and nīti text (religion and morals), therefore, abounds in proverbial stanzas and expressions. Quite a large number of them coincide with those incorporated in Böhtlingk’s wellknown collection, Indische Sprüche. But others, not less entitled to figure as didactic apophthegms, do not occur in Böhtlingk's lists. Indeed, Jaina texts contain so large a number of new nīti-stanzas, as to call for a renewed endeavor to assemble this class of compositions in one place. The Pārçvanātha contains presumably more than a thousand such stanzas, of which the following account aims to point out some of the more interesting.
Nīti consists not only of solid stanzas devoted to didactic or proverbial themes, but also to incidental statements woven into other discourse. These have not been collected at all, tho they are not less interesting than the set stanzas. Kathāsaritsāgara stops several hundred times to spice its narrative with wise saws and reflections which amount to proverbs. Proportionally the prose Kathākoça and Prabandhacintāmaņi are even more lavish with such sayings, which are just as much proverbs as, e. g., Manwaring's Mahratti Proverbs. They are a constant element in Jain narrative, both Sanskrit and Prākrit. A collection of such sayings, arranged thematically, would be a valuable contribution to nīti-literature. For they also will be found repeating themselves, as does, e. g. the proverb, Two swords do not go into one scabbard,' in Jacobi's Māhārāştri Tales, p. 58, 1. 31, which recurs in Samarād. 3. 24.
In the following I point out, first, a considerable number of niti stanzas which figure in Böhtlingk's corpus. Next, by selection, some stanzas out of many, which will ultimately figure in the larger corpus of the future, especially after most of the Jaina Caritras shall have been edited and extracted for this purpose. Finally,
* Similarly the Prabandhacintämaņi contains 22 stanzas which recur in Böhtlingk's collection. They are indicated in the footnotes to Tawney's Translation
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