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The language of the Pārçvanātha
235
new ones : names of countries, cities, villages; of mountains, forests, and parks; of lakes and rivers; of tirthas, cāityas, and other holy places; names of heavens, and abodes of delight. As in other narrative texts, beginning with the Epic, domestic animals and inanimate objects of utility receive names; thus Abdhikallola, 'a horse,' 6. 1024; Pālaka, 'a chariot,' 5. 81.
The following lists contain words which are not in the Lexs., but quite a number occur in published Jain texts, and others are very likely to turn up in future publications of the same class. It is scarcely necessary to point out that here, as in other fiction, a good part of the names are symbolic of the character of the persons or localities named.
Names of divine or demonic beings: In 5, 51, 56, 60, 62, 64, 66, 67, 68 are listed 56 heavenly maidens, called Jyotiskumārikās, or otherwise defined, many of them new, and doubtless products of fancy, for the nonce. Gods like Maņiprabha, 3. 1012; Varadāna, 4. 105; Nāțyamāla, 4. 414; Samgama, 6. 1177, need not to be taken too seriously, or regarded as permanent members of the Jain Olympus. The Yakşas, Asitākşa, 6. 1092; and Sundara, 7. 639; the Rākşasas, Sarvagila, 2. 351; and Kelikila, 7. 398, are conventional products of free fancy. Nāigamegin is added, 5. 80, to Nāigamesa, Nemeso, 'a demon that afflicts children,'; see Winternitz, JRAS., 1895, pp. 149 ff. Tandula is the name of a fabulous fis... New Vidyādharas and Vidyādharīs are: Vidyudgati, 2. 5; Candravega and Bhānuvega, 6. 1138; Açapivega, 6. 1139; Mahājāina, 1. 573; Madanāñkura, 7. 442; Samdhyāvalī, 6. 1135; Mșgāñkalekhā, 8. 63. Candasenā, 8. 101 is another name for Caņdā, Caņņikā (Durgā) in 8. 101.
Names of kings and princes: Kiraņavega, and Kiranatejas, 2. 11; Gupila, 2. 88; Naladharma, 2. 115; Bhuvanasāra, 2. 137; Harivikrama, 2. 181; Abhicandra, 2. 508; Mānamardana, 2. 616; Vajravīrya, 3. 6; Hemaratha, 3. 485; Suvarnabāhu, 4. 15; Kștapāla, 4. 107; Kurudeva, 6. 286; Sevāla (= Çevāla), 6. 287; Maņi. ratha, 6. 773; Yugabāhu, 6. 774; Maniprabha, 6. 873; Nami, 6. 992; Surabhi, 6. 1125; Varasena, and Amarasena, 7. 37; Susthita, 7. 504; Caņdasena (Bhilla chieftain), 8. 87; Kurumrgāñka, 8. 210. Daņdaratna is the name of a general, 4. 107.
Names of queens and princesses : Tilakāvati, 2.8; Madanarekhā,
