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The language of the Pārçvanātha
223
from the point of view of sound. But there need be no question about the provenience of avalag from olag, abstracted from olagga, or the like.
The word visamsthula ‘lax," "flaccid,' occurs in 1. 188; 3, 574. According to Zachariae, BB. xi. 320 ff., it is a Sanskrit back-formation from Prākrit visaṁthula = Skt. vicranthula; cf. Wackernagel, Altindische Grammatik, i, p. liii. The word is late; its occurrences are largely in the drama and in Jaina texts.
The instrumental imāiḥ for ebhiḥ is firmly established in Prakritizing Jaina Sanskrit texts. It occurs here in 1. 805; 6. 767; 7. 398. The same Prākritism in Samarādityasamkşepa 4. 508, 619; 6. 385; 8. 520; I seem to remember having seen it also in Pariçistaparvan.
Further, sa as a latent positive prefix, contrasted with a, negative or privative: sa-jñāna, 'knowledge,' with a-jñāna, 'ignorance,' 6. 377 (frequent both in Pāli and Prākrit). Similarly, hi = dhik, * alas,' 4. 78 (dhik, e. g., in 4. 81). ucсhanna for utsanna, 8. 347, is probably a mere matter of Prākritic writing, as often in Sanskrit manuscripts. Similarly proper names occasionally show Prākrit sounds: Javana, for Yavana, 5. 192; Jesāditya, or Jaçāditya, 2. 453, 496; & Deviņi (Samarād. 7. 505, Dežņi), 2. 453, for Devinī, 2. 488. Duplications like jaya-jayā-răva, 6. 1103; 7. 115; hā-hārava, 6. 1131; kila-kilā-rava, 6. 1100; utkila-kilā-rava, 3. 905, are also of popular origin; see Speijer, ZMDG. Ixv. 316. There are also a few inverted compounds, in accordance with a marked tendency of popular diction, both in Pāli and in Prākrit 8: narāika = ekanara, 'a certain man,' 1. 317; drøți-bhrasta = bhraşta-dịştı,
having lost sight,' 1. 397; karņa-durbala = durbala-karņa, “weakeared,' i. e., 'accessible to calumny,' 2. 348. In 6. 154 kaşāyākşa seems to mean 'sins of sight'- drsti-kaşāya.
Finally Prākritic influence is at the back of an occasional hyperSanskritism; see the words kşātra — khātra, p. 225; and pulindra
=pulinda, p. 230; and davaraka and davara = Skt. doraka and dora, p. 239.
hi and dhik alternate in the drama. • Perhaps, $kt. Yaçāditya.
See, however, kuha-kuha-rava in Väsa vadatta (Gray's Translation), p. 204.
* See last Pischel, Grammatik der Prakrit-Sprachen 8 603.
